AT10186U1 - AUTHENTICATION DEVICE AND SYSTEM - Google Patents

Description

2 AT 010 186 U1

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a system for authenticating an authorized person and for opening a lock or an electronic security unit for a physical and / or logical access. Such locks are particularly preferably provided in closing devices, door cylinders, furniture, control cabinets, motor vehicles, safes, safes, ATMs, driver or operating authorizations, PC log-ons and / or for unlocking firearms.

Typically, for the authentication of an access willing, inputs such as PIN codes and biometric information are used by detecting these features and comparing them with reference stored in a memory. Here, the reading and / or evaluation is typically fixed to the device to be used, such as a door or the door frame or next to the door, installed, the reading and evaluating connected to the lock or action mechanism (eg electric door opener) via cable is. In a very disadvantageous way, especially the wiring and installation cause high costs and are therefore economically suitable only for a few applications. As an alternative, electronic keys (transponder, chip card, etc.) have prevailed that can communicate wirelessly with a corresponding lock. A disadvantage of these, however, is that electronic keys can be forgotten, lost or stolen and access requires their possession, i. E. Activation is only possible by transmitting logical information alone (e.g., via e-mail, telephone). In case of loss, e.g. denied access to an apartment.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved (s) or simplified device or system for secure, if necessary, personalized authentication.

The solution of this problem is achieved with a device or a system according to the independent claims. The subclaims relate to preferred embodiments.

The device according to the invention for authenticating an authorized person and for opening an electronic lock or an electronic security unit for a physical and / or logical access in particular has a device for fixed attachment of the device in an environment of the lock. Furthermore, a device for entering a PIN code and / or a biometric sensor for receiving a biometric feature may be present. Furthermore, a device for authenticating an access authorization is formed, wherein the authentication device cooperates with the input device and / or the biometric sensor in such a way that a control signal is generated when entering a correct PIN code and / or a correct biometric information of an authorized access. Furthermore, a device for wirelessly transmitting an authorization signal to the lock is provided, as far as a control signal is obtained from the authentication device. In addition, the device may also communicate wirelessly with a central office (e.g., computer), e.g. Programming signals, access lists or software updates.

Advantageously, the attachment device is designed as an adhesive area, which is provided for the application of an adhesive device, and / or a screw-on area. The adhesive device preferably has a pressure-sensitive adhesive.

Preferably, the device is a housing which consists of plastic at least on the rear side and is roughened in the adhesive area for better adhesion of the adhesive device. Alternatively or preferably in addition, the screw-on area has at least one, preferably four through-holes, which, when fastened, extend the shanks of fastening screws through the through-holes and abut the heads on the screw-on area, thus fixing the device.

The input device is preferably a numeric or alphanumeric keypad. 3 AT 010 186 U1

Furthermore, the device has an acoustic and / or optical output element that briefly flashes or emits a tone after each effective actuation of a location of the PIN code and / or an effectively detected biometric information. Both are particularly preferably provided and thus visually and / or acoustically indicate to the user that an effective signal input has occurred. The optical output element is preferably a control lamp and more preferably an LED.

Furthermore, the control lamp, preferably by repeated illumination, or the sounder, preferably by a multiple tone, the input of a correct PIN code and / or detecting a correct biometrics information, for this purpose, a communication with the authentication device takes place and the Control lamp or the sounder is connected accordingly.

The biometric sensor is preferably a fingerprint sensor for scanning at least one relevant part of a fingerprint. Alternatively or additionally, the biometric sensor may be a face recognition or iris scan sensor.

A wireless data transmission of the transmission device to the lock is preferably encrypted and / or via an inductive coupling.

The transmission device preferably uses a change B-field for encrypted, bidirectional data exchange or for performing a challenge-response communication and / or transmission of at least one signal in the low-frequency range.

Preferably, the device is wirelessly programmable and / or the authentication device can be read out wirelessly. In particular, at least one PIN code and / or at least one biometric information is programmable.

The authentication device preferably has a processor, wherein the processor has a decentralized, device-specific database with learned PIN codes and / or biometric information.

The device according to the invention also has at least one programmable database, wherein the authentication device again has at least one memory and one processor and wherein the memory has stored authorized PIN and / or biometric templates and the processor is designed, entered with stored PIN and / or or to compare biometric templates and generate a control signal if they match. More preferably, an alarm is generated when three incorrect entries. It is further preferred that the memory stores both successful and unsuccessful authentication attempts, wherein the control signal is characteristic of the respectively authenticated user.

Furthermore, it is preferred that master and slave codes / templates are provided, whereby only master templates can add new permissions to the memory or delete permissions. Furthermore, the programming and the reading of the memory can either be done wirelessly and / or by entering the master code / template.

The device according to the invention has a power supply, such as preferably at least one battery, a fuel cell and / or a photovoltaic device.

The present invention also relates to a system having a previously described and claimed apparatus and at least one electronic lock or cylinder.

The system may further comprise a wireless programmer and / or means for networking with other devices, locks, and / or components. 4 AT 010 186 U1

It is a preferred advantage of the present invention to provide a device or system that is inexpensive, reliable, and user-friendly to operate and install very quickly, especially without any cabling.

The device according to the invention or the system according to the invention for the secure personalized identification and enabling or preventing a logical and / or physical access to a lock has a device that can be fixedly mounted in the vicinity of the lock. Such a device has the advantage that it does not have to be carried by the user or in the case of loss of a mobile transponder continues to allow the opening of a lock. Also, e.g. a third party (e.g., a craftsman, visit) by accessing the PIN by mobile phone or e-mail access to an apartment to be procured.

Furthermore, a device according to the invention communicates wirelessly with the lock, which allows a very simple, only a few minutes consuming, fixed attachment of the device in the vicinity of the castle. In particular, if the device has a suitable adhesive device, an installation is very fast, simple and yet reliable possible. Thus, the system of the invention also opens the possibility to allow further access next to, for example, in the lock matching keys or cooperating with the lock transponders.

The at least one biometric sensor is preferably designed as a fingerprint sensor, iris, face recognition sensor, etc., and is furthermore preferably connected to a living recognition, preferably to a pulse sensor or body temperature sensor.

The biometric sensor of the device is particularly preferably designed as a fingerprint sensor and preferably operates optically, capacitively, thermally or with radio waves. Preferably, the sensor is a surface or strip sensor. A strip sensor, with which the finger is moved over the sensor, proves to be advantageous over a surface sensor on which the finger is placed in that it has a smaller area and is therefore cheaper, less space-consuming and less susceptible to dirt. Furthermore, no remanent traces of the finger or fingerprint remain on a strip sensor that could be abused.

The input element of the device is preferably designed as a key or keypad, switch, keyboard and / or the like. As the output element are preferably visible output elements such as LED, display or the like, or audible output elements, such as speakers, noise or sound generating devices used.

Wireless bidirectional data exchange between device and lock is accomplished via known techniques in the LF, RF or RF range, e.g. Inductive coupling (LF), 433 MHz or 868 MHz or HF (e.g., Bluetooth, WiFi). In particular, the low-frequency (e.g., 25 kHz) inductive coupling allows data to be exchanged through walls, doors, steel, metal, steel reinforcements, metal reinforcements and / or the like over a range of up to 2 meters with very low power consumption.

Locks are in this case preferably provided in doors, door cylinders of all kinds, in particular building doors, car doors, safe or safe doors, cabinet doors, furniture doors and other closing elements and / or locking devices, which are suitable physical access to a destination device such as a room, a car to ensure a safe or a cash machine. Furthermore, locks are understood as devices such as logical locking mechanisms, computer systems and / or circuit or software-based access control systems such as driver permissions or Zündstarigungen in the automotive sector, log-ons to computers or computer systems and unlocking firearm backup systems. The target device is thus distinguished by the fact that a logical and / or physical access to the same is possible, whereby this access or access is permitted or not permitted or possible or not possible.

The system according to the invention thus makes it possible, for example, to open and close as well as to lock or lock doors or closing devices of all kinds or, for example, to secure and release firearms. The implementation of enabling or preventing a logical and / or physical access to the destination device is carried out by the actuator. The actuator is preferably designed as a magnet or solenoid, motor, circuit, processor, software program and / or the like. Preferably, the actuator communicates with a locking element and / or a coupling element and locks or unlocks this or uncouples this or couples this one. In this case, the enabling or prevention of a logical and / or physical access to the target device preferably takes place via the blocking and / or coupling element.

For secure personalized identification of a user, the processor or the memory of the permanently attached device preferably has a decentralized database. This database is preferably specific to the particular device. Furthermore, the database preferably has learned-in biometric data or information. Thus, the device already allows secure personalized identification of a user. The database is preferably designed in such a way that it is off-line, that is, can be created and / or processed directly or exclusively via the device. Furthermore or additionally, the device preferably has an interface for connection to, for example, a PC, which can be used to process the database.

The data or user-specific information stored in the database is preferably assigned a status, for example a hierarchy. This makes it possible, for example, to distinguish between normal users and super users with different authorizations. The data and signals sent by the device preferably include, inter alia, information about the status of a user (normal user / super user). The signals preferably also contain information about the authorization (authorized / restricted authorized / unauthorized) of the respective user. The permissible and non-permissible actions corresponding to the status or authorization are preferably stored in the lock or the database of the lock. The lock or the evaluation of the castle causes after checking the authorization of the device in response to the information received a corresponding action. For example, the response depends on the user status.

As already described, the device and lock are preferably wirelessly programmable. Particularly preferably, the device and / or lock are exclusively programmable by at least one correspondingly authorized user, in particular without the aid of further means. Optionally, in addition, the programming of the device and the reading out of data may also be wireless, e.g. via conventional wireless techniques (e.g., Bluetooth, W-LAN, or similar), the device communicating directly with and exchanging data with a computer or router. Further, the apparatus may also include a unit for transmitting / receiving mobile signals (e.g., UMTS, GPRS, or the like) so that door opening / access authorization can be made by sending an SMS directly to the apparatus. This is e.g. helpful if you want to allow a third party by remote access, without telling him the PIN code itself.

Further features of the system or device and / or lock according to the invention will become apparent from the following discussion of a process wherein in the following discussion of the process to the above-described system or device features essentially not further, unless supplementary, received becomes.

The procedure for securely identifying, enabling, or preventing a logical and / or physical access to a lock, which is preferably performed by means of a described device, comprises the following steps.

First, the identification of a user by means of a device, wherein a PIN code and / or biometric data of at least one user are detected and wherein data and / or commands input via at least one input element and operating states and / or information output via at least one output element or are displayed.

By means of a processor with a memory and a software, which has a decentralized, specific for the device, database with learned PIN codes and / or biometric information, a comparison between the detected PIN codes or biometric information of at least one User and the learned PIN codes or biometrics information.

Subsequently, the transmission of a signal or data in the low-frequency range via a change B-field in a bidirectional data exchange or via a challenge response by means of a transmitting and receiving electronics, wherein the communication with one at or in the vicinity of the target device arranged or with this operatively connected lock takes place. The transmission of such data, signals and / or information takes place exclusively after a successful identification of the authorized user. Preferably, the above step is carried out automatically following the successful identification of an authorized user and / or by means of a corresponding pulse. Such a pulse can be given for example by the user via the input element or by a corresponding signal to the lock.

If the lock receives a signal from the device, the authorization of the device or of the transmitted signal is checked by means of reading and evaluation electronics.

The above authorization check is followed by enabling or preventing or allowing or disallowing logical and / or physical access to or access to a destination device by means of an actuator in accordance with the received signal. The concrete action is preferably directed to a corresponding input of the user or is given.

Furthermore, there is a storage of each process with at least the date, time and marking of the device in the device and / or in the castle.

Device and / or lock are preferably programmable, particularly preferably wirelessly programmable or programmable via software. Such programming can be carried out at any time, wherein preferably first a successful identification of a user must be preceded by the device.

Furthermore, the database of the device is preferably designed to be variable, so that additional PIN codes and / or biometric data or information can be learned and / or edited in further method steps. Preferably, a successful identification of a suitably authorized user must precede the processing or modification of the database.

As a result, a once created database, which was learned or generated in a first step, re-learned, changed or deleted at any time by an authorized user who has successfully completed the identification process. For this purpose, respective user data that can be displayed via the output element or can be identified or assigned, be deleted or the data of a new user can be read, for which a reading of the biometric information, for example 7 AT 010 186 U1

Fingerprint, done by the biometric or fingerprint sensor of the device. Preferably, such processing of the database is done exclusively by means of the device, i. without using a PC, etc. Furthermore, preferably no adjustment with a central database is required. Preferably, the database can additionally be edited or changed via an interface by a PC.

Preferably, the signal emitted by the device or the transmitted code is not only dependent on a successful positive identification, but also on an associated authorization level. In this case, apart from the distinction justified / unjustified, a distinction of the user hierarchy exists, for example, in "normal user", "superuser", etc. Preferably, the device and / or lock only allow defined actions depending on the hierarchy level of the identified user. For example, the apparatus of the hierarchical level of the identified user first sends corresponding signals or information to the lock, whereby the latter permits or performs certain actions in dependence on the received signals or data.

Thus, preferably, the device and / or the lock by users of a particular hierarchical level for a defined number of, for example, opening and / or closing operations and / or temporarily, for example, over a period of one hour, unlocked. Furthermore, the lock, for example, as a driver authorization of a motor vehicle, allow only limited speed, etc., for users of a particular hierarchical level. In the area of access authorizations for buildings or different individual rooms, for example, only an access authorization for individual areas or rooms can be made possible.

Furthermore, after and / or with successful identification of a correspondingly authorized user, the device can preferably be set such that a permanent signal is sent, so that, for example, a locked door automatically opens as soon as the device is in the communication radius for the respective lock. Such a function can preferably be activated automatically or be activated by a corresponding input of the authorized user. Preferably, such a function can be activated for a limited time.

Preferably, the requirement of biometric recognition may be temporarily or permanently disabled prior to transmission of data and information of the device by an appropriately authorized user. After a unique identification or authentication of the authorized user, the device sends signals permanently and / or on appropriate impulse by the user and / or the lock. Additionally and / or in place of the biometric identification of the authorized user, the correct entry of a PIN (personal identification number) or a password is preferably required for successful identification. The learning, deletion or modification of passwords, PINs or the like takes place in accordance with the already described modification or processing of the database stored in the identification medium.

Preferably, with each action of the device and / or the lock, a corresponding logging by the device and / or the lock, further or additionally recorded the identification attempts and / or operations as well as inputs and / or prevented or denied inputs, closing operations or the like become.

In the following, the present invention will be described by way of example with reference to a preferred embodiment with reference to the drawings. Here, only the features required for the exemplary description will be discussed. Further or additional features or embodiments will become apparent from the foregoing description.

It shows: 8 AT 010 186 U1

1 shows various views of a preferred embodiment of a device according to the invention, wherein FIG. 1a shows a perspective view, FIG. 1b shows a rear view, FIG. 1c shows a front view and FIGS. 1d-1f show the corresponding bottom view, side view or top view;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an interior view of the device according to Fig. 1; and

3 shows a preferred method sequence of the query for triggering a signal in a preferred embodiment.

Fig. 1a shows a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention. The housing can take many forms and embodiments. The device preferably has the format of a square, more preferably a length of about 5 cm to 15 cm, a width of about 5 cm to 15 cm and a height of about 1 cm to 3 cm. Particularly preferably, the length and the width of about 9.6 cm x 9.6 cm and the height of about 1.5 cm. The housing of the device 1 is preferably lightweight and robust, for example made of aluminum and / or plastic.

A further preferred embodiment is a split housing with a front shell 10 and a rear shell 11, also recognizable in Figures 1d-1f. The front shell 10 is structurally appealing and ergonomically designed and, for example, for securing the device 1 or for exchanging the batteries received in the device 1, can be made detachable from the rear shell 11 in a manner known per se. FIGS. 1b and 1d show a screw fixation 14 and a tab fixation 15. If the screws are loosened, the front shell 10 can be displaced relative to the rear shell 11, so that the tabs on the front shell 10 are disengaged from the rear shell 11.

In Fig. 1c, the front of the device 1 is shown. A preferred input device 4 is formed by the keys 4, in the illustrated preferred embodiment a numeric keypad with ergonomically designed spherical surfaces. Furthermore, an output element 3, preferably an LED 3, is shown. An acoustic output element is not recognizable, but may preferably be present in an integrated circuit inside the housing 10, 11.

The keys 4 and the LED 3 are preferably arranged in an inner field 12, which is surrounded by a transparent ring 13. This gives the case a visually light and pleasing appearance. In a preferred embodiment, the keys 4 and / or the ring 13 may be illuminated or illuminated at the first key actuation.

The back of the device 1 is best seen in Fig. 1b. Preferably, the rear shell 11 is made transparent and / or opaque, to again give a pleasing appearance. It can be seen through the rear shell 11 of the transparent ring 13 in the front shell 10. Other shapes, materials, finishes are also included.

Fig. 1b makes especially fasteners 16-19 clearly. In this case, elongated holes 16 and circular holes 17 may preferably be formed in the rear shell 11 so as to provide tolerances for easier attachment. To all these holes 16, 17 shoulders or ring lugs 18 are executed, which are better seen in the side views of Figures 1 d-1 f. These ring lugs 18 are intended to form spacers to a surface on which the device is to be fixed. A preferred distance is about 1 mm.

In FIG. 1 b, a gray field 19 can also be seen, which represents a surface or roughening of the surface of the rear shell 11. This assists in durable bonding of the device. This is done by a preferred pressure-sensitive adhesive, such as a sufficiently durable adhesive strip. This makes a particular advantage of the present invention clear, namely the ease of installation, without further installations or cabling.

A biometric sensor is not shown in FIG. 1. It relates to an alternative or additional embodiment and is preferably designed as a fingerprint sensor on which a finger or a fingertip of a user must be placed for identification (for example area sensor) or over which a finger or a fingertip has to be pulled for identification (for example, strip sensor ).

2 shows a schematic diagram of the interior view of the device corresponding to FIG. 1 with the biometric sensor 2 and the output element 3. The input device 4 is not shown in the illustration corresponding to FIG. 2 for reasons of clarity. The device preferably has inside a power supply 5, a transmitting and receiving electronics 6 with a transmitting and receiving antenna 7 and a processor 8 with a memory and software.

The power supply 5 of the device is preferably designed as a battery or battery cell or fuel cell. The transmitting and receiving electronics 6 with the transmitting and receiving antenna 7 is used in particular for generating or receiving a change B-field for encrypted, bidirectional data exchange or to perform a challenge response and for transmitting signals in the low-frequency range. The processor 8 preferably has a database which preferably passes through the device, i. via the input device 4, the biometric sensor 2, preferably with the aid of the output element 3, can be created or trained or changed. In this case, the output element 3 preferably serves for communication with the user during the learning or the machining process.

Further, additional or additional features of the device 1 and the lock (not shown) will become apparent from the foregoing description.

3 shows a preferred method sequence of the query for triggering a signal of the device 1. In this case, the device 1 is initially in a standby mode or standby mode (S1). By a corresponding input, for example by pressing a button on the trained as a button or keyboard input device 4 (S2), the device is activated or put into a wake state. Subsequently, the identification of the user, preferably by the input of a PIN code and / or by placing or covering the finger on or via a trained as a fingerprint sensor biometric sensor 2 (S3). The device 1 compares the detected data or the read-in fingerprint with data or identification features (S4) stored in the database in the processor 8. If the read-in data does not correspond to the stored data (S5), the device expects a renewed reading in of the PIN code and / or of biometric information or data (S3). However, if the data match (S6), the processor 8 transmits a coded signal to the transmitting and receiving electronics 6 for starting a radio protocol (S7). In this case, communication takes place with a lock, preferably via a change B field for encrypted, bidirectional data exchange or for carrying out a challenge response. If the radio protocol is unsuccessful, the device preferably switches to standby mode (S8). If the radio protocol, for example the challenge response, is successful (S9), the access or access etc. is authorized, for example the opening of a door to the destination device (not shown) via the lock (not shown) (S10 ).

Preferably, the device changes as soon as after entering a set time no input, for example S3, or no further signals or inputs are received, for example, S8 or S10, in the standby mode S1. Accordingly, the device preferably changes at S5 after unsuccessful nth, preferably fourth, input

Claims (24)

10 AT 010 186 U1 and / or also after a certain period of time in the standby mode S1. The invention also includes embodiments having features of various embodiments described above. Claims 1. A device for authenticating an authorized user and for opening an electronic lock or security unit for physical and / or logical access comprising: a) at least one device (16-19) for fixedly mounting the device in an environment of the lock ; b) at least one device (4) for entering a PIN code and / or a biometric sensor for receiving a biometric feature; c) at least one device for authenticating an access authorization, wherein the authentication device cooperates with the input device (4) and / or the biometric sensor in such a way that when entering a correct PIN code and / or a correct biometric information of an authorized access control signal is generated; and d) at least one device (6, 7) for wirelessly transmitting an authorization signal to the lock if a control signal is obtained from the authentication device, the device being installable without cabling and for power supply preferably a battery, fuel cell and / or a photovoltaic device and wherein the attachment device (16-19) has an adhesive region (19), which is provided for the application of an adhesive device, and / or a screw-on region (16-18). 2. Device according to claim 1, wherein the device (1) has a housing (10, 11) which consists of plastic at least on the rear side and roughened in the adhesive layer (19) for better adhesion of the adhesive device. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the Anschraubbereich (16-18) has at least one, preferably four through holes, which are formed in that the shanks of fastening screws extend through the through holes in the attached state and the heads rest on the Anschraubbereich and so fix the device. 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the adhesive device comprises a pressure-sensitive adhesive. 5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the input device (4) is a numeric or alphanumeric keypad. 6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the device (1) comprises an acoustic and / or optical output element (3), the / after each effective actuation of a location of the PIN code and / or an effectively detected biometric information briefly lights up or emits a tone and thus visually and / or acoustically indicates to the user that an effective signal input has occurred. 7. Apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the optical output element (3) is a control lamp and preferably an LED (3). 8. The device according to claim 7, wherein the control lamp (3) preferably by repeated illumination or the sounder preferably by a multiple tone, the input 11 AT010186U1 a correct PIN code and / or detecting a correct biometric information displays, for this purpose a Communication with the authentication device takes place and the indicator lamp (3) or the sounder is connected accordingly. 9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the biometric sensor has a fingerprint sensor for scanning at least a relevant part of a fingerprint. 10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the biometric sensor is a face recognition or iris scan sensor. 11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the wireless data transmission of the transmission device (6, 7) is encrypted to the lock and done via inductive coupling. 12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the transmission device (6, 7) generates a change B field for encrypted, bidirectional data exchange or for performing a Challenge Response and signals are sent in the low-frequency range. 13. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the device (1) is wirelessly programmable and / or the authentication device is wirelessly readable. 14. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one PIN code and / or at least one biometric information is programmable. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the device (1) is arranged to wirelessly communicate with a central office (e.g., computer), e.g. Programming signals, access lists or software updates. 16. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the device (1) is designed so that the programming of the device and the reading of data can be done wirelessly, e.g. via Bluetooth, W-LAN, etc., whereby the device preferably communicates directly with a computer or via a router and exchanges data with it. 17. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the device (1) also comprises a unit for transmitting / receiving mobile radio signals, e.g. UMTS, GPRS, etc. may have, so that a door opening / access authorization can be made by sending an SMS directly to the device. 18. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the authentication device has at least one processor (8), wherein the processor (8) has a decentralized, for the device (1) specific database with learned PIN codes and / or biometric information. 19. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the device further comprises a) at least one programmable database, b) wherein the authentication device has at least one memory and a processor (8), the memory storing authorized PIN and / or biometric templates and the processor (8) is designed to compare input with stored PIN and / or biometric templates and generate a control signal if the match is positive and an alarm is generated preferably three times false input, c) wherein the memory both successful and unsuccessful authentication attempts are stored, wherein the control signal is characteristic for the respectively authenticated user, e) whereby further master and slave codes / templates are provided, whereby only master templates can add new authorizations to the memory or delete authorizations and / or f ) the programming and there s Reading the memory can be done either wirelessly and / or by entering the master code / template. 20. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the device has a power supply (5). 21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the power supply (5) comprises a battery (5), a fuel cell and / or a photovoltaic device. 22. System with a device according to one of the preceding claims and at least one electronic lock or lock cylinder. 23. The system of claim 22, further comprising a wireless programmer. 24. The system of claim 22 or 23, wherein the system further comprises means for networking with other devices, locks and / or components. For this purpose 3 sheets of drawings