ZA200204073B

ZA200204073B - Advance working machine or extraction machine for extracting rocks.

Info

Publication number: ZA200204073B
Application number: ZA200204073A
Authority: ZA
Inventors: Bernhard Ebner; Reinhard Neuper; Peter Kogler
Original assignee: Voest Alpine Bergtechnik
Priority date: 2000-06-28
Filing date: 2002-05-22
Publication date: 2003-08-22
Also published as: AT413127B; AU2001265668A1; ATA11072000A

Description

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Advance Working or Mining Machine Zor the Working of Rock

The invention relates to an advance working or mining machine for the working of rock by disc or roller tools operated according to the undercutting principle and rotationally mounted on a pivotable cantilever arm of the machine, including a tool-carrving head whose axis cf rotation extends substantially in the direction of the axis of the cantilever arm.

From DE 39 05 737 Al, a method for drilling galleries, tunnels, caverns or the like and, in particular, arch sections is known, in which a machine is employed, whose drill heads : are mounted on an arm arranged to be articulated and movable in all directions and carry undercutting tools. Such ] undercutting tools allow for an increase in the cutting performance by a substantially higher portion of broken material particularly in hard rock, driving or mining with such tools operated according to the undercutting principle not only being feasible more rapidly and more efficiently, but also with a substantially reduced dust formation on account of the lumpy pieces worked off. In particular with rocks having an elevated hardness and quartz content, such an excavation by applying tools working according to the undercutting principle, as a rule, 1s more economical than conventional hewing, by which the material is merely cut. Roller or miller drilling tools working in an undercutting manner, by which an excavation 1s realized from the middle of a gallery, tunnel or shaft in layers from inside towards outside without fore-bore holes are also described in DE 41 42 800 Al. By that device, excavation occurs from inside towards outside in an undercutting manner radially layer by layer, whereby the tools are fastened to a rotationally driven drill head. For the drifting of low mineral seams low-structured devices have already been known, which are equipped with mill heads and, as a rule, comprise their own actuating means. fowever, such known devices, which are also raferred —0 as narrow reat mirers, usually have cut the material.

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The invention aims to provide a compact and low-structured device by which low seams can be worked efficiently and economically by applying the undercutting principle, and by which it is also feasible to work hard material in the seam track section in a remote-controlled manner. To solve this object, the advance working or mining machine according to the invention essentially consists in that the axis of rotation arranged on the cantilever arm, of the tool-carrying head is mounted on the machine frame so as to be pivotable about an axis crossing the axis of the cantilever arm and extends in front of the pivot axis of the cantilever arm, viewed in the advance working direction. Due to the fact that the axis of rotation of the Lool-carrying head, which is alranged Oi Lhe cantilever arm, is mounted on the machine frame so as to be pivotable about an axis crossing the axis of the cantilever arm, a configuration is provided by which the mine face can be worked substantially along a circular arc, whereby the individual disc or roller tools can each be employed in their respectively optimum position. By the axis of rotation of the tool-carrying head extending in front of the pivot axis of the cantilever arm, viewed in the advance working direction, it is feasible to adjust the disc or roller tools in a manner that an accordingly large free-cutting angle is safeguarded over the total working face and each pivotal movement of the cantilever arm renders feasible particularly economical excavation work. By the axis of rotation of the tool-carrying head being shifted in the direction towards the mine face, tne first cutting tool of a plurality of cutting tools arranged in one plane each enters into operation while observing the desired free-cutting angle, with the consecutively provided tools each entering the track of this tool. 2s oppose=d to known devices, the optimum free-cutting angle can be obtained because the consecutively functioning tools do not enter into operation in the tangential plane of the pivotal movement, thus always safeguarding an accordingly large free-cutting angle also for the following :ools. advantageously, the configuration in this respect is devised such thas the pives axis oI the cantilever arm is arranged orthogonally to the advance working direction, such a configuration offering the

@ - 3 = opportunity to design the machine in an altogether extremely low and compact manner. To this end, the configuration advantageously is devised such that the diameter of the enveloping circle of the cutting tools is larger than, or equal to, the height of the machine, wherein the pivot angle of the axis of the cantilever arm, departing from a cantilever-arm axis direction extending transverse to the advance working direction, is smaller than 150°, preferably about 120°. Such a configuration, by a single complete pivotal movement over the predefined pivot angle, effects working on a level which readily enables the subsequent movement or displacement of the machine on account of its low structural height.

In order to enable the excavation each required at the beginning of a working procedure and the correct adjustment of the tools at the beginning of the cutting procedure, the configuration advantageously is devised such that the pivot pearing of the cantilever arm is arranged on a carriage capable of being displaced in the longitudinal direction of the machine frame. A machine positioned in the track, thus, can at first be appropriately braced or fixed within the track, whereupon an excavation-beginning cut can be realized by adjusting the displaceable carriage in the direction towards the mine face, departing from which excavation- beginning cut further cutting work can be done under a free angle of, for instance, approximately 5° while optimizing the excavated portion. Advantageously, the configuration in this case 1s devised such that the cutting edges of the discs are arranged on the head in a commen plane extending orthogonally to the axis of rotation of the head and enclosing an angle of between 2° and 10°, preferably about 5°, with the tangent on the enveloping circle of the pivotal movement of the arm. Such a configuration enables a particularly rapid and economic 33 excavation oI hard rock, at leas: three and, preferably, at least four discs being arranged on the front face of the head within the context ¢f such a configuration.

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In order to subsequently offer the opportunity to adapt the previously defined free-cutting angle to the respective requirements and, in particular, the respective nature of the rock in an optimum manner, the configuration advantageously is devised such that the cantilever arm is mounted on the pivot bearing so as to be displaceable relative to the pivot axis of the pivot bearing normally to the pivot axis. The relative displacement of the cantilever arm axis relative to the pivot bearing axis crossing this axis via the defined pivot angle thereby causes a change in the free-cutting angle, which is thus adjustable.

In order to ensure the sate anchorage oI the machine in the mineral seam track, the configuration advantageously 1s devised such that the machine frame is braceable within the driving or mining gallery or seam by the aid of braces or props. Particularly simple manoeuvrability of the whole device is obtained in that a prop mounted to be displaceable transverse tc the longitudinal direction of the machine and capable of being extended substantially parallel with the pivot axis to provide a support relative to the floor or bracing in the seam is arranged on the rear end of the carriage facing away from the pivot bearing. In those cases, it is merely required to detach the braces or props that serve to brace the machine within the mining gallery, in particular between the floor and the roof, whereupon the appropriate positioning of the machine relative to this prop is feasible by the aid of the prop facing away from the pivot bearing on account of the lateral displaceability of said prop.

In order to ensure ths safe haulage of the claimed material, the configuration advantageously is devised such that a loading chute is arranged on the machine end neighbouring the pivoting mechanism, the safe and complete clearing of such a loading chute being feasikzle in a particularly simple manner in that raking blades cooperating with the loading chute are connectad to the pivotable cantilever arm. The raking blades cooperating with the loading chuze in this case may »e pivotable or extendable such tha= they will cooperate with the

- @ - 5 = loading chute only in one of the two pivoting directions of the cantilever arm.

On account of the pivot angle being limited to approximately 120°, the machine can be arranged in an asymmetrical manner within the track such that on the side on which the beginning of the excavation is s-arted an accordingly large free space will be provided for the tracking of the haulage devices.

Since the cutting drum in the beginning of cutting functions after having been adjusted relative to the lateral mine face at a free angle of about 5° and the beginning of an excavation is carried out via the advance heading machine, whereupon the cantilever arm is pivoted by approximately 120°, the discs which are located in one plane and enter into operation one after the other always reach the same track, thus effecting a further cut into the material such that material is broken out at a high excavation ratio. By a single pivoting procedure the material can be removed over the entire cross section to be worked so as to provide the respective free space for the displacement of the machine frame, thus enabling the working of a track predetermined by the length of the admissible displacement path of the carriage without displacing the machine frame, but merely by displacing the carriage accordingly. The pivoting mechanism by which the cantilever arm can be pivoted about an axis extending transverse to the advance working direction is actuatable in a simple manner by hydraulic cylinders which are supported on the machine frame such that low-structured devices will again do also in this case.

In the following, the invention will be explained in mere detail by way of an exemplary embodiment schematically illustrated in the drawing. Therein, Fig. 1 is a top view oI the machine according to the invention; Fig. 2 is a view of “he machine in the sense of the arrow II of Fig. 1; Fig. 2 is a view of the machine according to Fig. 1 in the sense of the arrow III of Fig. I; and Fig. 4 is a view of the machine according to Fig. 1 in the sensa of the arrow IV of Fig. 1.

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Fig. 1 illustrates a machine frame 1 on which a carriage 2 is mounted so as to be longitudinally displaceable in the sense of double arrow 3. On the rear end of the carriage 2 is arranged a buttress stay on which pivoting cylinders 4 and 5 are supported to pivot a pivoting mechanism 6 about a pivot axis 7 crossing the advance working direction 10. A cantilever arm 8 whose axis 20 is located in front of the pivot axis 7 of the pivoting mechanism 6 just as the drill head axis 5 of the cutter head 13, viewed in the advance working direction 10, is mounted on the pivot bearing 6. The cantilever may, however, also be designed in a cranked or bent manner. By orienting the drill head axis it is ensured that, during the pivotal movement of the pivoting mechanism 6 in the sense of double arrow 11, an appropriate free-cutting angle a of the cutting discs 12 of a cutter head 13 will be safeguarded over the total pivot angle of approximately 120°. On the front end of the machine frame 1, which 1s adjacent the mine face 14, a loading chute is apparent, via which material can be pushed in the sense of arrow 16 on a haulage means not illustrated.

Lateral supporting brackets 17 are arranged on the machine frame or on the carriage and serve to brace the machine between the floor and the roof. On the buttress stay of the carriage a further supporting prop 18 is finally arranged, which is laterally displaceable within a suitable guide by a hydraulic cylinder piston unit 19 in manner that the carriage and hence the machine frame 1 can be laterally displaced with the prop 18 being extended, provided the supporting props 17 are retracted.

Figs. 2, 3 and 4 depict different views of the embodiment according to Fig. 1 with identical structural components being denoted by the same raference numerals.

Claims

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1. An advance working or mining machine for the working of rock by disc or roller tools operated according to the undercutting principle and rotationally mounted on a pivotable cantilever arm of the machine, including a tool-carrying head whose axis of rotation extends substantially in the direction of the axis of the cantilever arm, characterized in that the axis of rotation (9) arranged on the cantilever arm (8), of the tool (12)-carrying head (13) is mounted on the machine frame (1) so as to be pivotable about an axis (7) crossing the axis (20) of the cantilever arm (8) and extends in front of the pivot axis (7) of the cantilever arm (8), viewed in the advance working direction (10).

2. An advance working or mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivot axis (7) of the cantilever arm (8) 1s arranged orthogonally to the advance working direction (10).

3. An advance working or mining machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the diameter of the enveloping circle of the cutting tools (12) 1s larger than, or egual to, the height of the machine.

4. an advance working or mining machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the pivot angle of the axis (20) of the cantilever arm (8), departing from a direction of the axis (20) of the cantilever arm (8) extending transverse tO the advance working direction (10), is smaller than 150°, preferably about 120°.

5. An advance working or mining machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, charactsrized in that the pivot bearing cof the cantilever arm (8) is arranged on a carriage (2) capable of being displaced in =he longitudinal direction (3) of the machine Irame (1).

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6. An advance working or mining machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cutting edges of the discs (12) are arranged on the head (13) in a common plane extending orthogonally to the axis of rotation (8) of the head (13) and enclosing an angle of between 2° and 10°, preferably about 5°, with the tangent on the enveloping circle of the pivotal movement of the arm (8).

7. an advance working or mining machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least three and, preferably, at least four discs (12) are arranged on the front face of the head (13).

8. An advance working or mining machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cantilever arm (8) is mounted on the pivot bearing (6) so as to be displaceable relative to the pivot axis (7) of the pivot bearing (6) normally to the pivot axis (7).

9. An advance working or mining machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the machine frame (1) is braceable within the driving or working gallery or mineral seam by the aid of braces (17) or props (18).

10. An advance working or mining machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a prop (18) mounted to be displaceable transverse to the longitudinal direction (3) of the machine and capable of being extended substantially parallel with the pivot axis (7) to provide a support relative to the floor or bracing in the seam 1s arranged on the rear end of the carriage (2) facing away from the pivot bearing.

11. an advance working or mining machine according to ary one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a loading chute (153) is arranged on the machine end neighbouring the pivoting mechanism (£2).

12. zn advance working or mining machine according to claim 11, characterized in tha: raking blades cooperating with the

’ "4 PCT/AT01/00205 loading chute (15) are connected to the pivotable cantilever arm (8).

13. A machine according to claim 1, substantially as herein described and illustrated.

14. 2A new working or mining machine, substantially as herein described. AMENDED SHEET