WO2026026054A1 - 变速器、轮边驱动桥总成及车辆 - Google Patents

变速器、轮边驱动桥总成及车辆

Info

Publication number
WO2026026054A1
WO2026026054A1 PCT/CN2025/091296 CN2025091296W WO2026026054A1 WO 2026026054 A1 WO2026026054 A1 WO 2026026054A1 CN 2025091296 W CN2025091296 W CN 2025091296W WO 2026026054 A1 WO2026026054 A1 WO 2026026054A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
housing
oil passage
transmission
gear
oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2025/091296
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张旭寒
赵金鑫
秦宬
徐兆峰
陈奕铭
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BYD Co Ltd
Original Assignee
BYD Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BYD Co Ltd filed Critical BYD Co Ltd
Publication of WO2026026054A1 publication Critical patent/WO2026026054A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0469—Bearings or seals
    • F16H57/0471—Bearing

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more specifically, to a transmission, a wheel-side drive axle assembly, and a vehicle.
  • the wheel-side drive main reducer is used to transmit power to the secondary reducer and wheel end. Its internal lubrication mainly relies on the splash lubrication of gear oil churning to lubricate the bearings and gear meshing surfaces. On the one hand, for bearings located in relatively high positions, it is difficult for lubricating oil to be delivered to these locations through oil churning, resulting in a high risk of bearing and gear failure. On the other hand, increasing the lubricating oil level to improve lubrication will increase oil churning losses and reduce transmission efficiency. In addition, it may also increase the risk of oil leakage between the reducer and external components.
  • the purpose of this disclosure is to provide a transmission, a wheel-side drive axle assembly, and a vehicle.
  • This transmission can reduce the risk of bearing and gear failure due to insufficient lubrication, significantly reduce the lubricating oil level in the transmission, and, when there is a specific need, the lubricating oil level can be lower than all gear and bearing assemblies, greatly reducing churning losses and improving transmission efficiency.
  • a transmission comprising:
  • the second housing is connected to the first housing and together with the first housing forms a receiving cavity
  • the transmission mechanism includes a gear assembly and a bearing assembly disposed inside the receiving cavity, the gear assembly being connected to the first housing and the second housing via the bearing assembly;
  • the lubrication passage includes a housing oil passage located in the first housing and/or the second housing, and a lubrication pipe located inside the receiving cavity and communicating with the housing oil passage.
  • the housing oil passage and the lubrication pipe are used to provide lubricating oil toward the gear assembly and the bearing assembly for lubrication and cooling of the gear assembly and the bearing assembly.
  • the gear assembly includes a first shaft having a gear section and a second shaft on which an output gear is mounted;
  • the bearing assembly includes a first bearing assembly, a second bearing assembly, a third bearing assembly, and a fourth bearing assembly;
  • One end of the first shaft is connected to the first housing via the first bearing assembly, and the other end is connected to the second housing via the second bearing assembly;
  • One end of the second shaft is connected to the first housing via the third bearing assembly, and the other end is connected to the second housing via the fourth bearing assembly;
  • the first housing is provided with a first housing oil passage for lubricating the first bearing assembly and the third bearing assembly
  • the second housing is provided with a second housing oil passage for lubricating the second bearing assembly.
  • the first housing is provided with a first oil inlet
  • the first housing oil passage includes a first oil passage connecting the first oil inlet and the mounting position of the third bearing assembly, and a connecting oil passage connecting the mounting position of the first bearing assembly and the mounting position of the third bearing assembly.
  • the mounting position of the third bearing assembly is located above the mounting position of the first bearing assembly, and the connecting oil passage extends generally in a vertical direction.
  • the gear assembly includes at least one transmission gear that is pulverically connected to the gear section and the output gear, and at least one transmission shaft that is fixedly connected to the first housing and the second housing respectively; the transmission gear is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft via a transmission bearing;
  • An internal oil passage is formed inside the drive shaft, connecting the first housing oil passage and the second housing oil passage, so that the lubricating oil in the first housing oil passage flows to the second housing oil passage.
  • the drive shaft has an oil outlet that communicates with the internal oil passage and corresponds to the drive bearing.
  • the first housing oil passage further includes a second oil passage, and one end of the internal oil passage is connected to the second oil passage;
  • the second housing oil passage includes an oil inlet communicating with the other end of the internal oil passage, and a third oil outlet corresponding to the mounting position of the second bearing assembly, so that the lubricating oil of the second oil passage of the first housing oil passage can be transferred to the second housing oil passage through the internal oil passage to lubricate the second bearing assembly.
  • the gear assembly includes a first transmission gear and a second transmission gear that mesh with the gear section and the output gear respectively, and a third shaft and a fourth shaft that are respectively connected to the first housing and the second housing;
  • the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear are respectively connected to the third shaft and the fourth shaft via the first transmission bearing and the second transmission bearing;
  • the third shaft and the fourth shaft are respectively formed with a first internal oil passage and a second internal oil passage connecting the first housing oil passage and the second housing oil passage, so that the lubricating oil in the first housing oil passage flows to the second housing oil passage.
  • the first internal oil passage and the second internal oil passage are respectively provided with a first oil outlet and a second oil outlet corresponding to the first transmission bearing and the second transmission bearing.
  • the first housing oil passage further includes a second oil passage, and one end of the first internal oil passage and the second internal oil passage are respectively connected to the second oil passage;
  • the second housing oil passage includes two oil inlets, one and the other, which are respectively connected to the other end of the first internal oil passage and the second internal oil passage, and a third oil outlet corresponding to the mounting position of the second bearing assembly, so that the lubricating oil of the second oil passage of the first housing can be transferred to the second housing oil passage through the first internal oil passage and the second internal oil passage to lubricate the second bearing assembly.
  • the first housing is provided with a second oil inlet communicating with the second oil passage;
  • the second oil passage is connected to the first oil inlet of the first housing.
  • the lubrication line includes at least a portion of the bearing assembly and/or a port corresponding to the gear meshing point of the gear assembly for lubrication of the bearing assembly and the gear assembly.
  • the lubrication line includes a first line communicating with a first oil passage in the first housing, the first line including a first port corresponding to the fourth bearing assembly and used for lubricating the fourth bearing assembly.
  • the first conduit further includes a second port corresponding to the first side of the meshing point between the first transmission gear and the output gear; and/or
  • the first pipeline further includes a second side corresponding to the meshing point of the first transmission gear and the output gear, and a third port corresponding to the first side corresponding to the meshing point of the gear and the first transmission gear.
  • the lubrication line further includes a second line, the second line including a fourth port corresponding to the second side of the meshing point between the gear and the first transmission gear; and/or
  • the second conduit further includes a fifth port corresponding to the first side of the meshing point between the gear section and the second transmission gear;
  • the second conduit further includes a second side corresponding to the meshing point of the gear section and the second transmission gear, and a sixth port corresponding to the first side corresponding to the meshing point of the second transmission gear and the output gear; and/or
  • the second pipeline also includes a seventh port corresponding to the meshing point of the second transmission gear and the output gear and the second side.
  • the lubrication channel configuration can adjust the amount of oil supplied to the gear assembly and the bearing assembly to adapt to different operating conditions.
  • a wheel-side drive axle assembly including a motor mount and a half-shaft sleeve, the wheel-side drive axle assembly further including the aforementioned transmission;
  • the motor mount forms the first housing, and the half-shaft sleeve forms the second housing.
  • the wheel-side drive axle assembly further includes an oil supply pump, one end of which is connected to an oil tank and the other end of which is connected to the lubrication oil passage.
  • the wheel-side drive axle assembly also includes an oil cooler and/or a filter located in the oil passage between the oil supply pump and the lubrication oil passage.
  • a vehicle including the above-described transmission or including the above-described wheel-side drive axle assembly.
  • the transmission disclosed herein utilizes the aforementioned technical solution.
  • lubricating oil is directionally delivered to the lubrication points of the gear and bearing assemblies through a combination of housing oil passages and lubrication pipelines, thereby achieving lubrication and cooling of the gear and bearing assemblies.
  • This transmission reduces the risk of bearing and gear failure due to insufficient lubrication, significantly lowers the lubricating oil level in the transmission, and, under specific conditions, allows the lubricating oil level to be lower than that of all gear and bearing assemblies, greatly reducing churning losses and improving transmission efficiency.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of a transmission provided in some embodiments of this disclosure.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of lubrication channels in a transmission according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of lubrication channels in the second housing of a transmission provided in some embodiments of this disclosure.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the bearing lubrication method of the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear of the transmission provided in some embodiments of this disclosure.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the internal oil passage lubrication method of the first transmission gear and the second transmission gear of the transmission provided in some embodiments of this disclosure.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the transmission provided in some embodiments of this disclosure.
  • Figure 7 is a diagram showing the oil circuit connection between the oil tank, oil supply pump and transmission in a wheel-side drive axle assembly provided in some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic block diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.
  • the purpose of this disclosure is to provide a transmission 10, a wheel-side drive axle assembly 800, and a vehicle 1000.
  • the transmission 10 can reduce the risk of bearing and gear failure due to insufficient lubrication, and can also keep the lubricating oil level in the transmission 10 below that of all gear assemblies 300a and bearing assemblies 300b, thereby significantly reducing oil churning losses and improving the transmission efficiency of the transmission 10.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a transmission 10, which includes a first housing 100, a second housing 200, a transmission mechanism 300, and a lubrication channel 700.
  • the first housing 100 is connected to the second housing 200, and the second housing 200 and the first housing 100 form a receiving cavity 500.
  • the transmission mechanism 300 includes a gear assembly 300a and a bearing assembly 300b disposed inside the receiving cavity 500.
  • the gear assembly 300a is connected to the first housing 100 and the second housing 200 through the bearing assembly 300b.
  • the lubrication oil passage 700 includes a housing oil passage 700a disposed in the first housing 100 and/or the second housing 200 and a lubrication pipe 700b disposed inside the receiving cavity 500 and communicating with the housing oil passage 700a.
  • the housing oil passage 700a and the lubrication pipe 700b are used to provide lubricating oil to the gear assembly 300a and the bearing assembly 300b for lubrication and cooling of the gear assembly 300a and the bearing assembly 300b.
  • This transmission 10 can reduce the risk of bearing and gear surface failure due to insufficient lubrication, significantly lower the lubricating oil level in the transmission 10, and, under specific requirements, the lubricating oil level can be lower than that of all gear assemblies 300a and bearing assemblies 300b, greatly reducing oil churning losses and improving the transmission efficiency of the transmission 10.
  • the housing oil passage 700a is mainly used for the lubrication of these bearing assemblies 300b. Oil outlets corresponding to the mounting positions of the bearing assemblies 300b can be opened on the housing oil passage 700a to guide lubricating oil to the bearing assemblies 300b for lubrication and cooling.
  • lubrication lines 700b can be used, with nozzles 701a opened on the lubrication lines 700b to spray lubricating oil onto the bearing assemblies 300b or gear assemblies 300a to achieve lubrication and cooling.
  • both the first housing 100 and the second housing 200 may be provided with housing oil passages 700a for guiding lubricating oil to the mounting position of the corresponding bearing assembly 300b for lubrication and cooling.
  • housing oil passages 700a may be provided only on the first housing 100 or the second housing 200 for guiding lubricating oil to a portion of the bearing assemblies 300b, while the other portion of the bearing assemblies 300b (e.g., the bearing assemblies 300b of the third shaft 320 and the fourth shaft 330) may be lubricated and cooled through lubrication pipes 700b or by arranging oil passages inside the third shaft 320 and the fourth shaft 330, with oil ports corresponding to the bearing assemblies 300b.
  • gear assembly 300a includes a first shaft 310 having a gear portion 311 and a second shaft 340 on which an output gear 341 is mounted; bearing assembly 300b includes a first bearing assembly 312, a second bearing assembly 313, a third bearing assembly 342, and a fourth bearing assembly 343; one end of the first shaft 310 is connected to the first housing 100 via the first bearing assembly 312, and the other end is connected to the second housing 200 via the second bearing assembly 313; one end of the second shaft 340 is connected to the first housing 100 via the third bearing assembly 342, and the other end is connected to the second housing 200 via the fourth bearing assembly 343; the first housing 100 is provided with a first housing oil passage 110 for lubricating the first bearing assembly 312 and the third bearing assembly 342, and the second housing 200 is provided with a second housing oil passage 201 for lubricating the second bearing assembly 313.
  • the first shaft 310 can be a gear shaft, such as a motor shaft, or a shaft with a gear section 311 mounted on it.
  • the first shaft 310 acts as a power input shaft, and it can be connected to a second shaft 340 with an output gear 341 mounted on it via a transmission assembly. Power is then output to other reducers or wheels via the second shaft 340.
  • the diameters (e.g., pitch circle diameters) of the gear section 311 and the output gear 341 can be set according to the function of the transmission 10. When the transmission 10 is a reducer, the diameter of the output gear 341 is larger than the diameter of the gear section 311.
  • the first shaft 310 is rotatably connected to the first housing 100 and the second housing 200 via a first bearing assembly 312 and a second bearing assembly 313, respectively.
  • the first bearing assembly 312 and the second bearing assembly 313 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the gear portion 311 in the axial direction to realize the rotation of the first shaft 310.
  • the second shaft 340 is rotatably connected to the first housing 100 and the second housing 200 via a third bearing assembly 342 and a fourth bearing assembly 343, respectively.
  • the third bearing assembly 342 and the fourth bearing assembly 343 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the output gear 341 in the axial direction to realize the rotation of the second shaft 340.
  • a first housing oil passage 110 (e.g., first oil passage 1101) is provided on the first housing 100 to lubricate the first bearing assembly 312 and the third bearing assembly 342, and a second housing oil passage 201 is provided on the second housing 200 to lubricate the second bearing assembly 313.
  • the first housing oil passage 110 and the second housing oil passage 201 can be connected and share a common oil inlet.
  • oil can be supplied to both housing oil passages 700a by providing one oil inlet on each of the first housing 100 and the second housing 200.
  • one oil inlet can be connected to the first housing oil passage 110 to supply oil
  • the other oil inlet can be connected to the second housing oil passage 201 to supply oil.
  • first housing oil passage 110 and the second housing oil passage 201 can be constructed in any suitable manner or structure, as long as they can allow lubricating oil to flow and guide the lubricating oil to the corresponding bearing assembly 300b.
  • the first housing 100 is provided with a first oil inlet 101
  • the first housing oil passage 110 includes a first oil passage 1101 connecting the first oil inlet 101 and the mounting position of the third bearing assembly 342, and a connecting oil passage 1103 connecting the mounting position of the first bearing assembly 312 and the mounting position of the third bearing assembly 342.
  • the first housing 100 may have a first oil inlet 101
  • the first housing oil passage 110 may include the first oil passage 1101, with one end of the first oil passage 1101 connected to the first oil inlet 101 and the other end connected to the mounting position of the third bearing assembly 342, for guiding lubricating oil to the third bearing assembly 342 for lubrication and cooling.
  • the mounting position of the third bearing assembly 342 is located above the mounting position of the first bearing assembly 312, and the connecting oil passage 1103 extends generally in a vertical direction. As shown in FIG2, since the first bearing assembly 312 is located directly below the third bearing assembly 342, and the mounting position of the first bearing assembly 312 is connected to the mounting position of the third bearing assembly 342 through the connecting oil passage 1103 extending generally in a vertical direction, the lubricating oil reaching the mounting position of the third bearing assembly 342 can freely descend to the mounting position of the first bearing assembly 312 under the action of gravity through the connecting oil passage 1103 for the lubrication and cooling of the first bearing assembly 312.
  • the first bearing assembly 312 can also be located to the side and below the third bearing assembly 342, and the connecting oil passage 1103 can also be an inclined or curved oil passage, and since the mounting position of the third bearing assembly 342 is located above the first bearing assembly 312 in the vertical direction, the lubricating oil at the third bearing assembly 342 can also flow to the mounting position of the first bearing assembly 312 under the action of gravity to achieve lubrication.
  • a separate oil passage can also be provided, with one end connected to the first oil inlet 101 and the other end connected to the mounting position of the first bearing assembly 312, which can also achieve lubrication and cooling of the first bearing assembly 312.
  • the gear section 311 of the first shaft 310 can be driven to the output gear 341 of the second shaft 340 via the gear assembly 300a.
  • the gear assembly 300a can realize two-stage transmission or multi-stage transmission. Therefore, the gear assembly 300a may include at least one transmission gear 301a that is driven to the gear section 311 and the output gear 341, and at least one transmission shaft 302a that is fixedly connected to the first housing 100 and the second housing 200 respectively.
  • the transmission gear 301a is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft 302a via a transmission bearing 301b.
  • An internal oil passage 700c is formed in the transmission shaft 302a to connect the oil passage 110 of the first housing and the oil passage 201 of the second housing, so that the lubricating oil of the oil passage 110 of the first housing flows to the oil passage 201 of the second housing.
  • the transmission gear 301a can be an idler gear. Therefore, since the transmission shaft 302a is connected to the first housing 100 and the second housing 200 through a spline, and the transmission shaft 302a itself does not rotate, a seal can be formed at the connection between the transmission shaft 302a and the first housing 100 and the second housing 200, so that the lubricating oil in the first housing oil passage 110 can flow through the internal oil passage 700c of the transmission shaft 302a to the second housing oil passage 201.
  • the transmission shaft 302a has an oil outlet that communicates with the internal oil passage 700c and corresponds to the transmission bearing 301b.
  • the lubricating oil in the first housing oil passage 110 flows through the internal oil passage 700c to the second housing oil passage 201, it can be discharged from the oil outlet on the transmission shaft 302a, lubricating the transmission shaft 302a bearing and ensuring the operational reliability between the transmission gear 301a and the transmission shaft 302a bearing.
  • the first housing oil passage 110 further includes a second oil passage 1102, one end of the internal oil passage 700c being connected to the second oil passage 1102;
  • the second housing oil passage 201 includes an oil inlet connected to the other end of the internal oil passage 700c, and a third oil outlet 204 corresponding to the mounting position of the second bearing assembly 313, so that the lubricating oil in the second oil passage 1102 of the first housing 100 can be transferred to the second housing oil passage 201 via the internal oil passage 700c to lubricate the second bearing assembly 313.
  • the gear assembly 300a may include a first transmission gear 321 and a second transmission gear 331 (both of which are idler gears) that mesh with the gear section 311 and the output gear 341 respectively, and a third shaft 320 and a fourth shaft 330 that connect the first housing 100 and the second housing 200 respectively; the first transmission gear 321 and the second transmission gear 331 are respectively connected by a first transmission bearing. 322.
  • the second transmission bearing 330 is connected to the third shaft 320 and the fourth shaft 330.
  • the third shaft 320 and the fourth shaft 330 are respectively formed with a first internal oil passage 3201 and a second internal oil passage 3301 connecting the first housing oil passage 110 and the second housing oil passage 201, so that the lubricating oil of the first housing oil passage 110 can flow to the second housing oil passage 201.
  • the first internal oil passage 3201 and the second internal oil passage 3301 are respectively formed with a first oil outlet 3202 and a second oil outlet 3302 corresponding to the first transmission bearing 322 and the second transmission bearing 330.
  • the first transmission gear 321 and the second transmission gear 331 are arranged at intervals and mesh with the gear section 311 of the first shaft 310 and the output gear 341 of the second shaft 340, respectively, to transmit power from the first shaft 310 to the second shaft 340.
  • Speed changes e.g., deceleration or acceleration
  • the first transmission gear 321 is connected to the third shaft 320 via the first transmission bearing 322, and the second transmission gear 331 is connected to the fourth shaft 330 via the second transmission bearing 330.
  • the first internal oil passage 3201 of the third shaft 320 is connected to the first housing oil passage 110
  • the second internal oil passage 3301 of the fourth shaft 330 is connected to the first housing oil passage 110, so that the lubricant in the first housing oil passage 110 can reach the first oil outlet 3202 and the second oil outlet 3302 respectively through the first internal oil passage 3201 and the second internal oil passage 3301, for the lubrication and cooling of the first transmission bearing 322 and the second transmission bearing 330.
  • a first internal oil passage 3201 is arranged inside the third shaft 320 and a second internal oil passage 3301 is arranged inside the fourth shaft 330.
  • the first housing oil passage 110 and the second housing oil passage 201 are connected through the first internal oil passage 3201 and the second internal oil passage 3301, so that the lubricating oil in the first housing oil passage 110 enters the second housing oil passage 201 through the first internal oil passage 3201 and the second internal oil passage 3301 to lubricate the second bearing assembly 313.
  • lubricating oil can reach the first transmission bearing 322 through the first oil outlet 3202 and reach the second transmission bearing 330 through the second oil outlet 3302, thereby achieving lubrication and cooling of the two transmission bearings 301b.
  • the first housing oil passage 110 may further include a second oil passage 1102, with one end of the first internal oil passage 3201 and the second internal oil passage 3301 respectively connected to the second oil passage 1102; wherein, the two ends of the first internal oil passage 3201 and the second internal oil passage 3301 facing the first housing 100 are respectively connected to the second oil passage 1102.
  • the second housing oil passage 201 includes two oil inlets 202 and 203, which are respectively connected to the other end of the first internal oil passage 3201 and the second internal oil passage 3301, and a third oil outlet 204 corresponding to the mounting position of the second bearing assembly 313. This allows the lubricating oil in the second oil passage 1102 of the first housing 100 to be transferred to the second housing oil passage 201 via the first internal oil passage 3201 and the second internal oil passage 3301, and sprayed out from the third oil outlet 204 to lubricate the second bearing assembly 313.
  • the first internal oil passage 3201 and the second internal oil passage 3301 are connected to the first oil inlet 202 and the second oil inlet 203 at their respective ends facing the second housing 200, so that the lubricating oil in the second oil passage 1102 can enter the second housing oil passage 201 through the first internal oil passage 3201 and the second internal oil passage 3301, and be guided to the second bearing assembly 313 for lubrication and cooling by the third oil outlet 204 of the second housing oil passage 201.
  • the second housing oil passage 201 can be constructed in any suitable manner, as shown in Figures 4 and 5.
  • the second housing oil passage 201 may include two branch oil passages extending parallel to the third axis 320 and the fourth axis 330, and a connecting oil passage extending perpendicular to the third axis 320 and the fourth axis 330.
  • the two branch oil passages are respectively connected to the connecting oil passage, and the ends of the two branch oil passages away from the connecting oil passage form oil inlet 1 202 and oil inlet 203, respectively.
  • the connecting oil passage is a straight oil passage, formed by drilling holes in the second housing 200. Therefore, the opposite ends of the connecting oil passage are open.
  • a first sealing member 210 and a second sealing member 220 can be installed at the two openings, so that the lubricating oil can only enter through oil inlet 1 202 and oil inlet 203 and can be sprayed out through the third oil outlet 204.
  • the first housing 100 is further provided with a second oil inlet 102 communicating with the second oil passage 1102. That is, the first housing 100 may be provided with a first oil inlet 101 and a second oil inlet 102, and the first oil inlet 101 is used for oil entering the first oil passage 1101, and the second oil inlet 102 is used for oil entering the second oil passage 1102.
  • the second oil passage 1102 may also be connected to the first oil inlet 101, that is, oil can be supplied to the first oil passage 1101 and the second oil passage 1102 simultaneously through the first oil inlet 101.
  • the first oil passage 1101 and the second oil passage 1102 may be connected to the first oil inlet 101 respectively, or they may be connected through a common oil passage.
  • the lubrication conduit 700b includes at least a portion of the bearing assembly 300b and/or a port 701a corresponding to the gear meshing point of the gear assembly 300a, for lubrication of the bearing assembly 300b and the meshing points of each gear assembly 300a.
  • One end of the lubrication conduit 700b may communicate with the housing oil passage 700a, and the other end extends toward the interior of the receiving cavity 500, on which one or more ports 701a may be provided.
  • These ports 701a are used to spray lubricating oil onto the bearing assembly 300b and/or the gear meshing points, thereby achieving lubrication and cooling of at least a portion of the bearing assembly 300b and the gear assembly 300a.
  • the lubrication line 700b can be arranged in any suitable manner. It can be connected to the first housing oil passage 110 or the second housing oil passage 700a 201 to introduce lubricating oil. Specifically, one end of the lubrication line 700b can be connected to the first housing oil passage 110 and/or the second housing oil passage 201, and lubrication is achieved by spraying oil through the port 701a therein. As shown in Figure 2, in some embodiments of this disclosure, the lubrication line 700b includes a first pipe 130 connected to the first oil passage 1101. The first pipe 130 includes a first port 131 corresponding to the fourth bearing assembly 343 and used for lubricating the fourth bearing assembly 343.
  • the first bearing assembly 312, the third bearing assembly 342, and the second bearing assembly 313 can all be lubricated and cooled through the aforementioned housing oil passage 700a (including the first housing oil passage 110 and the second housing oil passage 201), and the fourth bearing assembly 343 is far from the aforementioned first oil inlet 101 and is located at a higher position near the second housing 200, by arranging the first pipeline 130 and using the first port 131 set on the first pipeline 130 to spray lubricating oil onto the fourth bearing assembly 343, and lubricating and cooling the fourth bearing assembly 343, and in conjunction with the aforementioned housing oil passage 700a, the lubrication of all bearing assemblies 300b is achieved.
  • the first conduit 130 further includes a second port 132 corresponding to the first side of the meshing point between the first drive gear 321 and the output gear 341.
  • a second port 132 corresponding to the first side of the meshing point between the first drive gear 321 and the output gear 341.
  • the first conduit 130 further includes a second side corresponding to the meshing point of the first transmission gear 321 and the output gear 341, and a third port 133 corresponding to the first side corresponding to the meshing point of the gear portion 311 and the first transmission gear 321.
  • the first pipeline 130 includes a second port 132 and a third port 133 corresponding to the opposite sides (first side and second side) of the meshing point of the first transmission gear 321 and the output gear 341.
  • a second port 132 and a third port 133 By arranging the second port 132 and the third port 133 on the first pipeline 130, lubricating oil is guided to both sides of the meshing point of the first transmission gear 321 and the output gear 341.
  • lubrication and cooling can be performed in time to avoid tooth surface failure.
  • the third port 133 also corresponds to the first side of the meshing point between the gear part 311 and the first transmission gear 321, and can be used to spray lubricating oil onto the first side of the meshing point between the gear part 311 and the first transmission gear 321 to achieve lubrication and cooling of the meshing surfaces of the two.
  • the second pipeline 140 further includes a fifth port 142 corresponding to the first side of the meshing point of the gear portion 311 and the second transmission gear 331; by arranging the fifth port 142 on the second pipeline 140, lubricating oil is guided to the first side of the meshing point of the second transmission gear 331 and the gear portion 311, which can lubricate and cool the meshing point of the second transmission gear 331 and the gear portion 311 in a timely manner, and avoid tooth surface failure.
  • the second conduit 140 further includes a second side corresponding to the meshing point of the gear section 311 and the second transmission gear 331, and a sixth port 143 corresponding to the first side corresponding to the meshing point of the second transmission gear 331 and the output gear 341.
  • the sixth port 143 can guide lubricating oil to the second side of the meshing point of the gear section 311 and the second transmission gear 331. Combined with the lubricating oil sprayed from the fifth port 142, lubrication and cooling can be performed in a timely manner when the second transmission gear 331 and the gear section 311 rotate forward and in reverse, so as to avoid tooth surface failure.
  • the sixth port 143 can also correspond to the first side of the meshing point of the second transmission gear 331 and the output gear 341, and is used for lubrication of the first side of the meshing point of the second transmission gear 331 and the output gear 341.
  • the second conduit 140 further includes a seventh port 144 corresponding to the opposite sides of the meshing point of the second transmission gear 331 and the output gear 341. Combined with the aforementioned sixth port 143, lubricating oil can be guided to both sides (the first side and the second side) of the meshing point of the second transmission gear 331 and the output gear 341, ensuring timely lubrication and cooling during both forward and reverse rotation of the second transmission gear 331 and the output gear 341, thus preventing tooth surface failure.
  • the transmission 10 is typically used in a vehicle 1000, which has multiple driving states, such as forward and reverse.
  • the lubrication passage 700 is configured to adjust the amount of oil supplied to the gear assembly 300a and the bearing assembly 300b to adapt to different operating conditions.
  • pipe ports 701a lubricating oil nozzles
  • pipe ports 701a are provided on the first and second sides (opposite sides) in both directions at the meshing points of all tooth surfaces.
  • the first housing 100 and/or the second housing 200 may also have an oil return port 103 located at the bottom of the housing.
  • the oil return port 103 can be connected to the oil supply pump 400 that stores lubricating oil through a pipeline, so that the lubricating oil that reaches the bottom of the receiving cavity 500 after lubrication can return to the oil tank 900 through the oil return port.
  • a control valve capable of opening and closing can also be installed at the oil return port 103.
  • This control valve can be connected to an oil level gauge to open the oil return port 103 when the lubricating oil level in the receiving cavity 500, as detected by the oil level gauge, reaches a preset level, thus achieving oil return. Since the transmission 10 adopts active lubrication, it is no longer necessary to store lubricating oil at the bottom of the receiving cavity 500 for churning lubrication. Of course, if it is necessary to reserve a certain height of lubricating oil at the bottom of the receiving cavity 500 for churning lubrication of some components, this solution is also feasible. It is only necessary to adjust the oil level or return oil by controlling the opening and closing of the oil return port 103 through the control valve.
  • Embodiments of this disclosure also provide a wheel-side drive axle assembly 800, as shown in Figures 1 and 7.
  • This wheel-side drive axle assembly 800 includes a motor mount 1 and a half-shaft sleeve 2, and also includes the aforementioned transmission 10.
  • the motor mount 1 forms a first housing 100
  • the half-shaft sleeve 2 forms a second housing 200
  • the first shaft 310 can be a motor shaft and serves as an input shaft
  • the second shaft 340 of the transmission 10 serves as an output shaft. Therefore, this wheel-side drive axle assembly 800 also possesses all the advantages of the aforementioned transmission 10, enabling better lubrication and cooling of its internal bearing assembly 300b and gear assembly 300a.
  • the wheel-side drive axle assembly 800 may further include an oil supply pump 400.
  • One end of the oil supply pump 400 is connected to an oil tank 900 for storing lubricating oil, and the other end is connected to a lubricating oil passage 700.
  • it may be connected to the first oil inlet 101 and the second oil inlet 102 mentioned above, thereby supplying oil to the housing oil passage 700a and the lubrication pipeline 700b, realizing active lubrication, improving the lubrication and cooling effect of the bearing assembly 300b and the gear assembly 300a, and avoiding the risk of failure of the bearing assembly 300b and the gear surfaces.
  • the wheel-side drive axle assembly 800 further includes an oil cooler 801 and/or a filter 802 disposed in the oil passage between the oil supply pump 400 and the lubrication oil passage 700, as shown in FIG7.
  • An oil cooler 801 and a filter 802 are disposed in the oil passage connecting the oil supply pump 400 and the lubrication oil passage 700.
  • the oil cooler 801 is used for cooling the lubricating oil
  • the filter 802 is used for filtering the lubricating oil. It is understood that both the oil cooler 801 and the filter 802 can be devices known in the related art, and will not be described in detail here.
  • Embodiments of this disclosure also provide a vehicle 1000, which includes the aforementioned transmission 10 or the aforementioned wheel-side drive axle assembly 800. Therefore, the vehicle 1000 also possesses all the advantages of the aforementioned transmission 10 and wheel-side drive axle, which will not be elaborated further here. As shown in FIG8, the vehicle 1000 includes the wheel-side drive axle assembly 800.
  • the disclosed transmission 10, wheel-side drive axle assembly 800, and vehicle 1000 are described below.
  • the transmission 10 can be modified from an existing wheel-side reduction main reducer. Therefore, without changing the overall structure of the original wheel-side reduction main reducer assembly, and in conjunction with the manufacturing process, housing oil passages 700a can be arranged in the motor mount 1 and half-shaft sleeve 2 (first housing 100 and second housing 200).
  • lubrication can be achieved by using lubrication pipelines 700b with nozzles (orifices 701a) for fixed-point spraying.
  • the operating strategy of the oil pump By calculating the demand at each lubrication point, the operating strategy of the oil pump, the diameter of each lubrication oil passage 700 and lubrication pipeline 700b, and the diameter of each nozzle can be calculated. Combined with a certain safety factor, the system can be checked under characteristic working conditions to achieve the purpose of meeting the lubrication requirements.
  • This disclosure adopts an active lubrication method, eliminating the need for gear churning to lubricate all points via splash lubrication within the gearbox 10.
  • the lubricating oil level can be completely below the root circle of all gears.
  • Traditional lubrication schemes using splash lubrication not only increase churning losses in gears and bearings, reducing transmission efficiency, but also cause the lubricating oil to tilt under gravity during vehicle climbing or tilting conditions. This can reduce the effectiveness of gear churning, preventing the lubricating oil from reaching the designed lubrication points, leading to insufficient lubrication and resulting in localized high-temperature erosion or even failure.
  • a hole can be made in the first shaft 310, and a through hole can be made on the outside of the shaft to the inside of the shaft, so that the lubricating oil in the housing oil passage 700a can be led to the first bearing assembly 312. In this way, it is no longer necessary to set up a connecting oil passage connecting the third bearing assembly 342 and the first bearing assembly 312, which can simplify the machining difficulty on the housing.
  • a coarse filter can be added before the oil pump, with a heater added to the coarse filter, and a fine filter added after the oil pump.
  • An oil cooler 801 is then installed after the fine filter. This achieves the functions of purifying the lubricating oil, preheating the lubricating oil during low-temperature driving, and cooling it through the oil cooler 801 during high-temperature driving.
  • the paper fine filter is replaced, and the steel coarse filter is periodically flushed or replaced.
  • the gears and bearings operate in a cleaner environment and at a suitable temperature, extending the reducer's lifespan.

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Abstract

一种变速器、轮边驱动桥总成及车辆，该变速器包括第一壳体（100）、第二壳体（200），第二壳体（200）与第一壳体（100）围成容纳腔体；变速机构包括设于容纳腔体内部的齿轮组件和轴承组件，齿轮组件通过轴承组件连接于第一壳体（100）和第二壳体（200）；润滑油道包括设于第一壳体（100）和/或第二壳体（200）的壳体油道和设于容纳腔体内部并与壳体油道连通的润滑管路。

Description

变速器、轮边驱动桥总成及车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求在2024年08月02日提交中国专利局、申请号为202411055229.5、名称为“变速器、轮边驱动桥总成及车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及车辆技术领域，具体地，涉及一种变速器、轮边驱动桥总成及车辆。
背景技术
轮边驱动主减速器用于将动力输送至二级减速器及轮端，其内部主要通过齿轮搅油的飞溅润滑方式对各轴承、齿面啮合处润滑，一方面，对于布置于相对位置较高的轴承，润滑油很难通过搅油的方式送达此处，轴承、齿面失效风险大；另一方面，通过提高润滑油液面以增加润滑，但会增大搅油损失，降低传动效率，另外，还可能会增加减速器与外部设置之间的蹿油风险。
发明内容
本公开的目的是提供一种变速器、轮边驱动桥总成及车辆，该变速器能够降低因润滑不足导致的轴承、齿面失效风险，显著降低变速器中的润滑油液面，在存在特定需求时润滑油液面可低于所有齿轮组件和轴承组件，大幅降低搅油损失，提高变速器传动效率。
为了实现上述目的，根据本公开第一方面，提供一种变速器，包括：
第一壳体；
第二壳体，连接于所述第一壳体，并与所述第一壳体围成容纳腔体；
变速机构，包括设于所述容纳腔体内部的齿轮组件和轴承组件，所述齿轮组件通过所述轴承组件连接于所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体；和
润滑油道，包括设于所述第一壳体和/或所述第二壳体的壳体油道和设于所述容纳腔体内部并与所述壳体油道连通的润滑管路，所述壳体油道和所述润滑管路用于朝向所述齿轮组件和所述轴承组件提供润滑油，用以所述齿轮组件和所述轴承组件的润滑冷却。
可选地，所述齿轮组件包括具有齿轮部的第一轴、安装有输出齿轮的第二轴；
所述轴承组件包括第一轴承组件、第二轴承组件、第三轴承组件和第四轴承组件；
所述第一轴的一端通过所述第一轴承组件连接于所述第一壳体，另一端通过所述第二轴承组件连接于所述第二壳体；
所述第二轴的一端通过所述第三轴承组件连接于所述第一壳体，另一端通过所述第四轴承组件连接于所述第二壳体；
所述第一壳体设有用于所述第一轴承组件和所述第三轴承组件润滑的第一壳体油道，所述第二壳体设有用于所述第二轴承组件润滑的第二壳体油道。
可选地，所述第一壳体设有第一进油口，所述第一壳体油道包括连通所述第一进油口和所述第三轴承组件的安装位的第一油道，以及连通所述第一轴承组件的安装位和所述第三轴承组件的安装位的连通油道。
可选地，所述第三轴承组件的安装位位于所述第一轴承组件的安装位的上方，所述连通油道大体沿竖直方向延伸。
可选地，所述齿轮组件包括传动连接于所述齿轮部和所述输出齿轮的至少一个传动齿轮，以及分别固定连接于所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体的至少一个传动轴；所述传动齿轮通过传动轴承转动连接于所述传动轴；
所述传动轴内形成有连接所述第一壳体油道和所述第二壳体油道的内部油道，用以所述第一壳体油道的润滑油流向所述第二壳体油道。
可选地，所述传动轴上形成有与内部油道连通并对应于所述传动轴承的出油口。
可选地，所述第一壳体油道还包括第二油道，所述内部油道的一端与所述第二油道连通；
所述第二壳体油道包括与内部油道的另一端连通的进油口，以及对应于所述第二轴承组件的安装位的第三出油口，使得所述第一壳体油道的所述第二油道的润滑油能够经所述内部油道传递至所述第二壳体油道以对所述第二轴承组件进行润滑。
可选地，所述齿轮组件包括分别与所述齿轮部和所述输出齿轮啮合的第一传动齿轮和第二传动齿轮，分别连接所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体的第三轴和第四轴；
所述第一传动齿轮和所述第二传动齿轮分别通过第一传动轴承、第二传动轴承连接于所述第三轴和所述第四轴；
所述第三轴和所述第四轴内分别形成有连接所述第一壳体油道和所述第二壳体油道的第一内部油道和第二内部油道，以使得所述第一壳体油道的润滑油流向所述第二壳体油道；
所述第一内部油道和所述第二内部油道上分别形成有对应于所述第一传动轴承和所述第二传动轴承的第一出油口和第二出油口。
可选地，所述第一壳体油道还包括第二油道，所述第一内部油道和所述第二内部油道的一端分别与所述第二油道连通；
所述第二壳体油道包括两个分别与所述第一内部油道和所述第二内部油道的另一端连通的进油口一和进油口二，以及对应于所述第二轴承组件的安装位的第三出油口，使得所述第一壳体的第二油道的润滑油能够经所述第一内部油道、所述第二内部油道传递至所述第二壳体油道以对所述第二轴承组件进行润滑。
可选地，所述第一壳体设有与所述第二油道连通的第二进油口；或者
所述第二油道与所述第一壳体的第一进油口连通。
可选地，所述润滑管路包括至少部分所述轴承组件和/或对应于所述齿轮组件的齿轮啮合处的管口，用于所述轴承组件和所述齿轮组件的润滑。
可选地，所述润滑管路包括与所述第一壳体的第一油道连通的第一管路，所述第一管路包括对应于所述第四轴承组件且用于所述第四轴承组件润滑的第一管口。
可选地，所述第一管路还包括对应于所述第一传动齿轮和所述输出齿轮啮合处的第一侧的第二管口；和/或
所述第一管路还包括对应于所述第一传动齿轮和所述输出齿轮啮合处的第二侧，以及对应于所述齿轮部和所述第一传动齿轮啮合处的第一侧的第三管口。
可选地，所述润滑管路还包括第二管路，所述第二管路包括对应于所述齿轮部和所述第一传动齿轮啮合处的第二侧的第四管口；和/或
所述第二管路还包括对应于所述齿轮部和所述第二传动齿轮啮合处的第一侧的第五管口；和/或
所述第二管路还包括对应于所述齿轮部和所述第二传动齿轮啮合处的第二侧，以及对应于所述第二传动齿轮和所述输出齿轮啮合处的第一侧的第六管口；和/或
所述第二管路还包括对应于所述第二传动齿轮和所述输出齿轮啮合处和第二侧的第七管口。
可选地，所述润滑油道配置能够调节提供给所述齿轮组件和所述轴承组件的油量，以适应不同的工况。
根据本公开第二方面，提供一种轮边驱动桥总成，包括电机座和半轴套管，所述轮边驱动桥总成还包括上述的变速器；
所述电机座形成所述第一壳体，所述半轴套管形成所述第二壳体。
可选地，所述轮边驱动桥总成还包括供油泵，所述供油泵的一端连接油箱，另一端连接所述润滑油道。
所述轮边驱动桥总成还包括设于所述供油泵与所述润滑油道之间油路的油冷器和/或过滤器。
根据本公开第三方面，还提供一种车辆，所述车辆包括上述的变速器或者包括上述的轮边驱动桥总成。
通过上述技术方案，即本公开的变速器，通过在第一壳体和/或第二壳体布置润滑油道，同时在第一壳体和第二壳体围成的容纳腔体内设置润滑管路，采用壳体油道与润滑管路相结合的方式，将润滑油定向输送至变速器的齿轮组件和轴承组件的润滑点位处，实现齿轮组件和轴承组件的润滑冷却。该变速器能够降低因润滑不足导致的轴承、齿面失效风险，显著降低变速器中的润滑油液面，在存在特定需求时润滑油液面可低于所有齿轮组件和轴承组件，大幅降低搅油损失，提高变速器传动效率。
本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开，但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中：
图1是本公开一些实施例提供的变速器的爆炸图。
图2是本公开一些实施例提供的变速器的润滑油道的布置示意图。
图3是本公开一些实施例提供的变速器的第二壳体的润滑油道的布置示意图。
图4是本公开一些实施例提供的变速器的第一传动齿轮、第二传动齿轮的轴承润滑方式示意图。
图5是本公开一些实施例提供的变速器的第一传动齿轮、第二传动齿轮的内部油道润滑方式示意图。
图6是本公开一些实施例提供的变速器的总体布局示意图。
图7是本公开一些示例性实施方式中提供的轮边驱动桥总成中的油箱、供油泵以及变速器之间的油路连通图。
图8是本公开示例性实施方式中提供的车辆的结构示意框图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开，并不用于限制本公开。
在本公开中，在未作相反说明的情况下，使用的方位词如“内、外”是指相应零部件的本身轮廓而言的。本公开中使用的术语“第一”、“第二”等是为了区别一个要素和另一个要素，不具有顺序性和重要性。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。
本公开的目的是提供一种变速器10、轮边驱动桥总成800及车辆1000，该变速器10能够降低因润滑不足导致的轴承、齿面失效风险，同时还能够将变速器10中的润滑油液面低于所有齿轮组件300a和轴承组件300b，大幅降低搅油损失，提高变速器10传动效率。
为了实现上述目的，如图1至图6所示，根据本公开的实施例提供一种变速器10，该变速器10包括第一壳体100、第二壳体200、变速机构300和润滑油道700。其中，第一壳体100与第二壳体200相连接，且第二壳体200与第一壳体100围成容纳腔体500；变速机构300包括设于容纳腔体500内部的齿轮组件300a和轴承组件300b，齿轮组件300a通过轴承组件300b连接于第一壳体100和第二壳体200；润滑油道700包括设于第一壳体100和/或第二壳体200的壳体油道700a和设于容纳腔体500内部并与壳体油道700a连通的润滑管路700b，壳体油道700a和润滑管路700b用于朝向齿轮组件300a和轴承组件300b提供润滑油，用以齿轮组件300a和轴承组件300b的润滑冷却。
通过上述技术方案，即本公开的变速器10，通过在第一壳体100和/或第二壳体200布置润滑油道700，同时在第一壳体100和第二壳体200围成的容纳腔体500内设置润滑管路700b，采用壳体油道700a与润滑管路700b相结合的方式，将润滑油定向输送至变速器10的齿轮组件300a和轴承组件300b的润滑点位处，实现齿轮组件300a和轴承组件300b的润滑冷却。该变速器10能够降低因润滑不足导致的轴承、齿面失效风险，显著降低变速器10中的润滑油液面，在存在特定需求时润滑油液面可低于所有齿轮组件300a和轴承组件300b，大幅降低搅油损失，提高变速器10传动效率。
需要说明的是，由于部分轴承组件300b(例如第一轴310和第二轴340的轴承组件300b)需要与第一壳体100和第二壳体200接触，因此，壳体油道700a主要用于该部分轴承组件300b的润滑，可以在壳体油道700a上开设对应于轴承组件300b的安装位的出油口，将润滑油引导至轴承组件300b后对轴承组件300b进行润滑和冷却。对于另一部分不直接与第一壳体100和第二壳体200接触的轴承组件300b，可以采用润滑管路700b，并在润滑管路700b上开设管口701a的方式将润滑油喷洒向轴承组件300b或者齿轮组件300a以实现其润滑冷却。
在一些实施例中，第一壳体100和第二壳体200上可以均设置有壳体油道700a，用于将润滑油引导至对应的轴承组件300b的安装位，对轴承组件300b进行润滑冷却。当然，也可以仅在第一壳体100或者第二壳体200上设置壳体油道700a，用于将润滑油引导至部分轴承组件300b，另一部分轴承组件300b(例中，第三轴320和第四轴330的轴承组件300b)可以通过润滑管路700b或者在第三轴320和第四轴330内部布置油道，并对应于轴承组件300b设置油口进行润滑冷却。
如图1、图4及图6所示，在一些实施例中，齿轮组件300a包括具有齿轮部311的第一轴310、安装有输出齿轮341的第二轴340；轴承组件300b包括第一轴承组件312、第二轴承组件313、第三轴承组件342和第四轴承组件343；第一轴310的一端通过第一轴承组件312连接于第一壳体100，另一端通过第二轴承组件313连接于第二壳体200；第二轴340的一端通过第三轴承组件342连接于第一壳体100，另一端通过第四轴承组件343连接于第二壳体200；第一壳体100设有用于第一轴承组件312和第三轴承组件342润滑的第一壳体油道110，第二壳体200设有用于第二轴承组件313润滑的第二壳体油道201。
其中，第一轴310可以是齿轮轴，例如电机轴，也可以是安装有齿轮部311的轴体，第一轴310作用动力输入轴，其可以通过传动组件与安装有输出齿轮341的第二轴340传动连接，并通过第二轴340将动力输出给其他减速器或者车轮。需要说明的是，可以根据该变速器10的功能设置齿轮部311和输出齿轮341的直径(例如分度圆直径)，在变速器10为减速器时，输出齿轮341的直径大于齿轮部311的直径。
第一轴310通过第一轴承组件312和第二轴承组件313分别与第一壳体100和第二壳体200转动连接，而第一轴承组件312和第二轴承组件313分别设置在齿轮部311的轴向方向的相对两侧，用以实现第一轴310的转动。同样，第二轴340分别通过第三轴承组件342和第四轴承组件343与第一壳体100和第二壳体200转动连接，其中，第三轴承组件342和第四轴承组件343分别设置在输出齿轮341的轴向方向的相对两侧，用以实现第二轴340的转动。
通过在第一壳体100上设置第一壳体油道110(例如第一油道1101)，用以对第一轴承组件312和第三轴承组件342进行润滑，在第二壳体200上设置第二壳体油道201，用以对第二轴承组件313进行润滑。第一壳体油道110和第二壳体油道201可以是连通的，两者可以共用一个进油口。当然，也可以通过分别在第一壳体100和第二壳体200上设置一个进油口实现两个壳体油道700a的进油，例如，一个进油口与第一壳体油道110连通，实现第一壳体油道110的进油；另一个进油口与第二壳体油道201连通，并实现进油。
需要说明的是，第一壳体油道110和第二壳体油道201可以采用任意合适的方式或者结构进行构造，能够供润滑油流通，并将润滑油引导至对应的轴承组件300b即可。
如图1及图2所示，在一些实施例中，第一壳体100设有第一进油口101，第一壳体油道110包括连通第一进油口101和第三轴承组件342的安装位的第一油道1101，以及连通第一轴承组件312的安装位和第三轴承组件342的安装位的连通油道1103。其中，第一壳体100上可以设置有一个第一进油口101，第一壳体油道110可以包括第一油道1101，第一油道1101的一端与第一进油口101连通，另一端与第三轴承组件342的安装位连通，用以将润滑油引导至第三轴承组件342处进行润滑冷却。
在一些实施例中，第三轴承组件342的安装位位于第一轴承组件312的安装位的上方，连通油道1103大体沿竖直方向延伸。如图2所示，由于第一轴承组件312位于第三轴承组件342的正下方，且第一轴承组件312的安装位通过一个大体沿竖直方向延伸的连通油道1103与第三轴承组件342的安装位连通，因此，到达第三轴承组件342的安装位的润滑油能够在重力作用下经连通油道1103自在向下到达第一轴承组件312的安装位，用以第一轴承组件312的润滑冷却。可以理解的是，由于第一轴承组件312也可以位于第三轴承组件342的侧下方，连通油道1103也可以是一个倾斜或者弯曲的油道，由于第三轴承组件342的安装位位于竖直方向上第一轴承组件312的上方，所以第三轴承组件342处的润滑油也能够在重力作用下流向第一轴承组件312的安装位，以实现润滑。需要说明的是，也可以单独设置一个油道，该油道的一端可以与第一进油口101连通，另一端与第一轴承组件312的安装位连通，同样也可以实现对第一轴承组件312的润滑冷却。
第一轴310的齿轮部311可以通过齿轮组件300a与第二轴340的输出齿轮341传动连接，其中，齿轮组件300a可以实现二级传动，也可以实现多级传动。因此，齿轮组件300a可以包括传动连接于齿轮部311和输出齿轮341的至少一个传动齿轮301a，以及分别固定连接于第一壳体100和第二壳体200的至少一个传动轴302a；传动齿轮301a通过传动轴承301b转动连接于传动轴302a；传动轴302a内形成有连接第一壳体油道110和第二壳体油道201的内部油道700c，用以第一壳体油道110的润滑油流向第二壳体油道201。其中，传动齿轮301a可以为惰轮，因此，因为传动轴302a通过花键与第一壳体100和第二壳体200连接，传动轴302a本身不转动，所以可在传动轴302a与第一壳体100和第二壳体200连接处形成密封，使得第一壳体油道110润滑油可通过传动轴302a的内部油道700c流通至第二壳体油道201。
为了实现连接于传动轴302a上的传动轴承301b的润滑，在一些实施例中，传动轴302a上形成有与内部油道700c连通并对应于传动轴承301b的出油口。在第一壳体油道110内的润滑油经内部油道700c流向第二壳体油道201时，能够由传动轴302a上的出油口排出，对传动轴302a承进行润滑，保障传动齿轮301a与传动轴302a承之间的运行可靠性。
为了实现与内部油道700c的连接，并实现对第二轴承组件313的润滑。在一些实施例中，第一壳体油道110还包括第二油道1102，内部油道700c的一端与第二油道1102连通；第二壳体油道201包括与内部油道700c的另一端连通的进油口，以及对应于第二轴承组件313的安装位的第三出油口204，使得第一壳体100的第二油道1102的润滑油能够经内部油道700c传递至第二壳体油道201以对第二轴承组件313进行润滑。
为了实现第一轴310与第二轴340的传动连接，如图1、图2、图4及图5所示，在一些实施例中，齿轮组件300a可以包括分别与齿轮部311和输出齿轮341啮合的第一传动齿轮321和第二传动齿轮331(其中，第一传动齿轮321和第二传动齿轮331均是惰轮)，以及分别连接第一壳体100和第二壳体200的第三轴320和第四轴330；第一传动齿轮321和第二传动齿轮331分别通过第一传动轴承322、第二传动轴承330连接于第三轴320和第四轴330；第三轴320和第四轴330内分别形成有连接第一壳体油道110和第二壳体油道201的第一内部油道3201和第二内部油道3301,能够使得第一壳体油道110的润滑油流向第二壳体油道201；第一内部油道3201和第二内部油道3301上分别形成有对应于第一传动轴承322和第二传动轴承330的第一出油口3202和第二出油口3302。
其中，第一传动齿轮321和第二传动齿轮331间隔布置，且分别与第一轴310的齿轮部311和第二轴340的输出齿轮341啮合，用以将第一轴310的动力传递给第二轴340，并通过齿轮部311与第一传动齿轮321、第二传动齿轮331的啮合，以及第一传动齿轮321、第二传动齿轮331分别与输出齿轮341的啮合实现变速(例如减速或者加速)。第一传动齿轮321通过第一传动轴承322与第三轴320连接，第二传动齿轮331通过第二传动轴承330与第四轴330连接。第三轴320的第一内部油道3201与第一壳体油道110连通，第四轴330的第二内部油道3301与第一壳体油道110连通，从而使得第一壳体油道110内的润滑由能够分别经第一内部油道3201、第二内部油道3301到达第一出油口3202、第二出油口3302，用于第一传动轴承322和第二传动轴承330的润滑冷却。
进一步地，为了实现第一壳体100上的第一壳体油道110和第二壳体200上的第二壳体油道201的连通，避免在第二壳体200上重复设置进油口，因此，通过在第三轴320内部布置第一内部油道3201，在第四轴330内部布置第二内部油道3301，通过第一内部油道3201和第二内部油道3301，将第一壳体油道110和第二壳体油201连通，使得第一壳体油道110内的润滑油通过第一内部油道3201和第二内部油道3301进入第二壳体油道201对第二轴承组件313进行润滑。同时，通过在第三轴320的侧壁设置对应于第一传动轴承322的第一出油口3202，通过在第四轴330的侧壁设置对应于第二传动轴承330的第二出油口3302，使得润滑油能够通过第一出油口3202到达第一传动轴承322处，通过第二出油口3302到达第二传动轴承330处，实现两个传动轴承301b的润滑冷却。
如图2所示，在又一些实施例中，第一壳体油道110还可以包括第二油道1102，第一内部油道3201和第二内部油道3301的一端分别与第二油道1102连通；其中，第一内部油道3201和第二内部油道3301的朝向第一壳体100的两端分别与第二油道1102连通。
第二壳体油道201包括两个分别与第一内部油道3201和第二内部油道3301的另一端连通的进油口一202和进油口二203，以及对应于第二轴承组件313的安装位的第三出油口204，使得第一壳体100的第二油道1102内的润滑油能够经第一内部油道3201、第二内部油道3301传递至第二壳体油道201，并由第三出油口204喷出，用以对第二轴承组件313进行润滑。其中，第一内部油道3201和第二内部油道3301的朝向第二壳体200的两端分别与进油口一202和进油口二203连通，从而使得第二油道1102的润滑油能够分别经第一内部油道3201、第二内部油道3301进入第二壳体油道201，并由第二壳体油道201的第三出油口204引导至第二轴承组件313处对其进行润滑冷却。
需要说明的是，第二壳体油道201可以采用任意合适的方式进行构造，如图4及图5所示，第二壳体油道201可以包括在平行于第三轴320和第四轴330方向延伸的两个分油道，以及在垂直于第三轴320和第四轴330方向延伸的连接油道，两个分油道分别连通于连接油道，两个分油道远离连接油道的一端分别形成进油口一202和进油口二203。需要说明的是，为了方便机械加工，连接油道为直线型油道，通过在第二壳体200上钻孔形成，因此，该连接油道的相对两端为开口，为了避免第二壳体油道201内的润滑油由开口位置泄漏，可以通过在两个开口处分别安装第一封堵件210和第二封堵件220，使得润滑油仅能够由进油口一202和进油口二203进入，并能够由第三出油口204喷出。
为了实现第二油道1102的进油，如图2所示，在一些实施例中，第一壳体100还设有与第二油道1102连通的第二进油口102，即，第一壳体100上可以设置有第一进油口101和第二进油口102，且第一进油口101用于第一油道1101的进油，第二进油口102用于第二油道1102的进油。
在另一些实施例中，第二油道1102也可以与第一进油口101连通，即通过第一进油口101，可以同时为第一油道1101和第二油道1102进油，例如，第一油道1101和第二油道1102可以分别与第一进油口101连通，也可以通过一个公共油道实现连通。
为了实现更好地对齿轮组件300a的润滑冷却，如图2及图6所示，在一些实施例中，润滑管路700b包括至少部分轴承组件300b和/或对应于齿轮组件300a的齿轮啮合处的管口701a，用于轴承组件300b和各个齿轮组件300a的啮合处的润滑。其中，润滑管路700b的一端可以与壳体油道700a连通，另一端朝向容纳腔体500的内部方向延伸，其上可以设置一个或者多个管口701a，该管口701a用于将润滑油喷向轴承组件300b和/或各齿轮啮合处，实现至少部分轴承组件300b以及齿轮组件300a的润滑和冷却。
润滑管路700b可以采用任意合适的方式进行布置，可以通过与第一壳体油道110或者第二壳体油道700a201连通以实现润滑油的导入，即润滑管路700b的一端可以与第一壳体油道110和/或第二壳体油道201连通，并通过其中的管口701a喷油而实现润滑。如图2所示，在本公开的一些实施例中，润滑管路700b包括与第一油道1101连通的第一管路130，第一管路130包括对应于第四轴承组件343且用于第四轴承组件343润滑的第一管口131。由于第一轴承组件312、第三轴承组件342和第二轴承组件313均能够通过上述的壳体油道700a(包括第一壳体油道110和第二壳体油道201)进行润滑冷却，而第四轴承组件343距离上述第一进油口101的距离较远，且位于第二壳体200附近的较高位置，因此，通过布置第一管路130，利用在第一管路130上设置第一管口131将润滑油喷向第四轴承组件343，并对第四轴承组件343进行润滑冷却，再配合上述的壳体油道700a，从而实现了全部轴承组件300b的润滑。
为了实现对各齿轮组件300a之间的齿轮啮合处进行润滑，如图2所示，在一些实施例中，第一管路130还包括对应于第一传动齿轮321和输出齿轮341啮合处的第一侧的第二管口132。通过在第一管路130上布置第二管口132，将润滑油引导至第一传动齿轮321和输出齿轮341的啮合处的第一侧，能够及时进行润滑冷却，避免齿面失效。
在一些实施例中，第一管路130还包括对应于第一传动齿轮321和输出齿轮341啮合处的第二侧，以及对应于齿轮部311和第一传动齿轮321啮合处的第一侧的第三管口133。
第一管路130包括对应于第一传动齿轮321和输出齿轮341啮合处相对两侧(第一侧和第二侧)的第二管口132和第三管口133；通过在第一管路130上布置第二管口132和第三管口133，将润滑油引导至第一传动齿轮321和输出齿轮341的啮合处的两侧，在第一传动齿轮321和输出齿轮341正转和反转时，均能够及时进行润滑冷却，避免齿面失效。
同时，第三管口133还对应于齿轮部311和第一传动齿轮321啮合处的第一侧，能够用于向齿轮部311和第一传动齿轮321的啮合处的第一侧喷出润滑油，实现两者啮合面的润滑冷却。
如图2所示，在一些实施例中，润滑管路700b还包括第二管路140，第二管路140包括对应于齿轮部311和第一传动齿轮321啮合处的第二侧的第四管口141；通过设置第二管路140，并在第二管路140上布置第四管口141，用以向齿轮部311和第一传动齿轮321的啮合处的第二侧喷出润滑油，再配合第一管路130的第三管口133对第一侧喷出的润滑油，实现两者在正转和反转时啮合面的润滑冷却。
在一些实施例中，第二管路140还包括对应于齿轮部311和第二传动齿轮331啮合处的第一侧的第五管口142；通过在第二管路140上布置第五管口142，将润滑油引导至第二传动齿轮331和齿轮部311的啮合处的第一侧，能够及时对第二传动齿轮331和齿轮部311的啮合处进行润滑冷却，避免齿面失效。
在一些实施例中，第二管路140还包括对应于齿轮部311和第二传动齿轮331啮合处的第二侧，以及对应于第二传动齿轮331和输出齿轮341啮合处的第一侧的第六管口143。第六管口143能够将润滑油引导至齿轮部311和第二传动齿轮331啮合处的第二侧，再配合以第五管口142喷出的润滑油，能够在第二传动齿轮331和齿轮部311正转和反转时，均能够及时进行润滑冷却，避免齿面失效。
同时，第六管口143还能够对应于第二传动齿轮331和输出齿轮341啮合处的第一侧，用于第二传动齿轮331和输出齿轮341啮合处的第一侧的润滑。
在一些实施例中，第二管路140还包括对应于第二传动齿轮331和输出齿轮341啮合处相对两侧的第七管口144。再配合上述的第六管口143，能够将润滑油引导至第二传动齿轮331和输出齿轮341的啮合处的两侧(第一侧和第二侧)，在第二传动齿轮331和输出齿轮341正转和反转时，均能够及时进行润滑冷却，避免齿面失效。
变速器10通常用于车辆1000，车辆1000具有多种行驶状态，例如，前进状态和倒退状态，为了适应于车辆1000的多种状态，在一些实施例中，润滑油道700配置能够调节提供给齿轮组件300a和轴承组件300b的油量，以适应不同的工况。
对于变速器10来说，当车辆1000前进与倒退时，实际上为变速器10内齿轮正转与反转，故在考虑润滑系统布置时，亦都需要考虑齿轮反转的情况，而在不同工况下，齿面啮合及轴承旋转所需的润滑油流量亦都不相同，整体可认为高速状态轴承需求量更大，高扭矩状态齿面啮合需求量更大，本公开的实施例针对所有齿面的啮合处两方向的第一侧和第二侧(相对两侧)均设置管口701a(润滑油喷头)，通过调整不同管口701a的喷头口径及润滑油道700直径、润滑管路700b管径，并开发合适策略在车辆1000运行时根据工况调整油泵运行状态，能够保证各运行工况下均有足够的润滑油流经啮合齿面及轴承，降低因润滑油液不足导致的变速器10失效，避免产生风险。
需要说明的是，如图6所示，第一壳体100和/或第二壳体200还可以形成有位于壳体底部的回油口103，该回油口103可以通过管路与储存润滑油的供油泵400连通，使得经润滑后到达容纳腔体500底部的润滑油能够经该回油口回油箱900。
可以理解的是，该回油口103处还可以布置能够开启和关闭的控制阀，该控制阀可以与油位计连接，用于在油位计检测的容纳腔体500的润滑油达到预设位置时，开启该回油口103，实现回油。由于该变速器10采用了主动润滑，不再需要在容纳腔体500底部存储润滑实现搅油润滑；当然，如果需要在容纳腔体500底部预留一定高度的润滑油用于部分配件的搅油润滑，该方案也可行的，只需要通过控制阀控制回油口103的开启和关闭进行调节油液高度或者回油即可。
本公开的实施例还提供一种轮边驱动桥总成800，如图1和图7所示，该轮边驱动桥总成800包括电机座1和半轴套管2，轮边驱动桥总成800还包括上述的变速器10；其中，电机座1形成第一壳体100，半轴套管2形成第二壳体200，第一轴310可以为电机轴，并作为输入轴，变速器10的第二轴340作为输出轴。因此，该轮边驱动桥总成800也具有上述的变速器10的所以优点，能够对其内部的轴承组件300b和齿轮组件300a实现更好的润滑冷却。
在一些实施例中，为了实现润滑油的供给，轮边驱动桥总成800还可以包括供油泵400，供油泵400的一端连接用于存储润滑油的油箱900，另一端连接润滑油道700，例如，可以分别连接于上述的第一进油口101和第二进油口102，从而实现壳体油道700a和润滑管路700b的供油，实现主动润滑，提高轴承组件300b和齿轮组件300a的润滑冷却效果，避免轴承组件300b，以及各齿面之间失效的风险。
另外，需要说明的是，本公开的实施例仅以一个供油泵400对应于一个轮边驱动桥总成800的示例，随着供油泵400的发展，性能越来越强，由于轮边驱动系统为对称设计，即驱动桥两侧各有一套动力系统，如果油泵后续可以满足两侧的润滑油需求量总和，则可以考虑将两侧共用一个供油泵400，将油道对称设置，供油泵400布置与桥壳上，目前双边各一个油泵，分别布置在悬臂上。
在一些实施例中，轮边驱动桥总成800还包括设于供油泵400与润滑油道700之间油路的油冷器801和/或过滤器802，如图7所示，供油泵400与润滑油道700连接的油路上设置有油冷器801和过滤器802。其中，油冷器801用于润滑油的冷却，过滤器802用于润滑油的过滤。可以理解的是，油冷器801和过滤器802均可以采用相关技术中已知的器件，这里不再赘述。
本公开的实施例还提供一种车辆1000，该车辆1000包括上述的变速器10或者包括上述的轮边驱动桥总成800。因此，该车辆1000也具备上述的变速器10和轮边驱动桥的所有优点，这里不再赘述。如图8所示，该车辆1000包括轮边驱动桥总成800。
本公开的变速器10、轮边驱动桥总成800及车辆1000，其中，变速器10可以通过现在的轮边减速主减速器改造而成，因此，可以在不改变原有轮边减速主减速器总成整体架构的前提下，结合制造工艺，在电机座1及半轴套管2(第一壳体100和第二壳体200)内布置壳体油道700a，对于无法通过壳体油道700a润滑的轴承、齿面，可以采用润滑管路700b加喷头(管口701a)定点喷淋的方式润滑，可通过计算各润滑位点的需求量，达到计算出油泵的运行策略、各润滑油道700、润滑管路700b的管径以及各喷头的直径的目的，结合一定的安全系数，在特征工况下校核系统，达到满足润滑需求的目的。
本公开采用主动润滑的润滑方式，变速器10内齿轮不再需要齿轮搅油以通过飞溅润滑的方式润滑各位点，即润滑油液面完全可以低于所有齿轮的齿根圆，传统润滑方案采用飞溅润滑的方式，不但会增大齿轮及轴承的搅油损失降低传动效率，而且在车辆1000爬坡、侧倾的工况下，润滑油液在重力作用下会倾斜，齿轮搅油的效果可能会下降，导致润滑油不能按设计的运动状态去往各润滑位点，因润滑不足产生局部高温烧蚀甚至失效。
另外，目前由于技术原因，电机的壳体与减速器的壳体并未连通，在后续的开发中可以考虑将电机与减速器共壳，这样可以共用一套冷却系统且不再需要本公开中的第二进油口102，只需要一个第一进油口101即可。
若工艺允许，还可以在第一轴310内开孔，并在轴外侧开通孔至该轴内部，将壳体油道700a内的润滑油引至第一轴承组件312处，这样就不再需要设置连接第三轴承组件342和第一轴承组件312的连通油道，可以简化壳体上的加工难度。
传统的轮边驱动主减速器由于无抽吸装置的限制，不能布置润滑油滤清器、加热装置和油冷器801，而在本公开中，可以在油泵前增加粗滤，在粗滤中增加一加热器，油泵后增加精滤，在精滤后安装油冷器801，达到对润滑油净化及低温行驶预热润滑油，高温行驶通过油冷器801冷却的作用，在保养时更换纸质精滤，定期冲洗或更换钢制粗滤，齿轮与轴承在更加清洁的环境、合适的温度下工作，延长减速器寿命。
以上结合附图详细描述了本公开的优选实施方式，但是，本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本公开的技术构思范围内，可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本公开的思想，其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种变速器，其特征在于，包括：
    第一壳体(100)；
    第二壳体(200)，连接于所述第一壳体(100)，并与所述第一壳体(100)围成容纳腔体(500)；
    变速机构(300)，包括设于所述容纳腔体(500)内部的齿轮组件(300a)和轴承组件(300b)，所述齿轮组件(300a)通过所述轴承组件(300b)连接于所述第一壳体(100)和所述第二壳体(200)；和
    润滑油道(600)，包括设于所述第一壳体(100)和/或所述第二壳体(200)的壳体油道(301)和设于所述容纳腔体(500)内部并与所述壳体油道(601)连通的润滑管路(602)，所述壳体油道(601)和所述润滑管路(602)用于朝向所述齿轮组件(300a)和所述轴承组件(300b)提供润滑油，用以所述齿轮组件(300a)和所述轴承组件(300b)的润滑冷却。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的变速器，其特征在于，所述齿轮组件(300a)包括具有齿轮部(311)的第一轴(310)、安装有输出齿轮(341)的第二轴(340)；
    所述轴承组件(300b)包括第一轴承组件(312)、第二轴承组件(313)、第三轴承组件(342)和第四轴承组件(343)；
    所述第一轴(310)的一端通过所述第一轴承组件(312)连接于所述第一壳体(100)，另一端通过所述第二轴承组件(313)连接于所述第二壳体(200)；
    所述第二轴(340)的一端通过所述第三轴承组件(342)连接于所述第一壳体(100)，另一端通过所述第四轴承组件(343)连接于所述第二壳体(200)；
    所述第一壳体(100)设有用于所述第一轴承组件(312)和所述第三轴承组件(342)润滑的第一壳体油道(110)，所述第二壳体(200)设有用于所述第二轴承组件(313)润滑的第二壳体油道(201)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的变速器，其特征在于，所述第一壳体(100)设有第一进油口(101)，所述第一壳体油道(110)包括连通所述第一进油口(101)和所述第三轴承组件(342)的安装位的第一油道(1101)，以及连通所述第一轴承组件(312)的安装位和所述第三轴承组件(342)的安装位的连通油道(1103)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的变速器，其特征在于，所述第三轴承组件(342)的安装位位于所述第一轴承组件(312)的安装位的上方，所述连通油道(1103)大体沿竖直方向延伸。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4中任意一项所述的变速器，其特征在于，所述齿轮组件(300a)包括传动连接于所述齿轮部(311)和所述输出齿轮(341)的至少一个传动齿轮(301a)，以及分别固定连接于所述第一壳体(100)和所述第二壳体(200)的至少一个传动轴(302a)；所述传动齿轮(301a)通过传动轴承(301b)转动连接于所述传动轴(302a)；
    所述传动轴(302a)内形成有连接所述第一壳体油道(110)和所述第二壳体油道(201)的内部油道(700c)，用以所述第一壳体油道(110)的润滑油流向所述第二壳体油道(201)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的变速器，其特征在于，所述传动轴(302a)上形成有与所述内部油道(700c)连通并对应于所述传动轴承(301b)的出油口。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的变速器，其特征在于，所述第一壳体油道(110)还包括第二油道(1102)，所述内部油道(700c)的一端与所述第二油道(1102)连通；
    所述第二壳体油道(201)包括与内部油道(700c)的另一端连通的进油口，以及对应于所述第二轴承组件(313)的安装位的第三出油口(204)，使得所述第一壳体油道(110)的所述第二油道(1102)的润滑油能够经所述内部油道(700c)传递至所述第二壳体油道(201)以对所述第二轴承组件(313)进行润滑。
  8. 根据权利要求5-7中任意一项所述的变速器，其特征在于，所述齿轮组件(300a)包括分别与所述齿轮部(311)和所述输出齿轮(341)啮合的第一传动齿轮(321)和第二传动齿轮(331)，分别连接所述第一壳体(100)和所述第二壳体(200)的第三轴(320)和第四轴(330)；
    所述第一传动齿轮(321)和所述第二传动齿轮(331)分别通过第一传动轴承(322)、第二传动轴承(332)连接于所述第三轴(320)和所述第四轴(330)；
    所述第三轴(320)和所述第四轴(330)内分别形成有连接所述第一壳体油道(110)和所述第二壳体油道(201)的第一内部油道(3201)和第二内部油道(3301)，以使得所述第一壳体油道(110)的润滑油流向所述第二壳体油道(201)；
    所述第一内部油道(3201)和所述第二内部油道(3301)上分别形成有对应于所述第一传动轴承(322)和所述第二传动轴承(332)的第一出油口(3202)和第二出油口(3302)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的变速器，其特征在于，所述第一壳体油道(110)还包括第二油道(1102)，所述第一内部油道(3201)和所述第二内部油道(3301)的一端分别与所述第二油道(1102)连通；
    所述第二壳体油道(201)包括两个分别与所述第一内部油道(3201)和所述第二内部油道(3301)的另一端连通的进油口一(202)和进油口二(203)，以及对应于所述第二轴承组件(313)的安装位的第三出油口(204)，使得所述第一壳体(100)的所述第二油道(1102)的润滑油能够经所述第一内部油道(3201)、所述第二内部油道(3301)传递至所述第二壳体油道(201)以对所述第二轴承组件(313)进行润滑。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的变速器，其特征在于，所述第一壳体(100)设有与所述第二油道(1102)连通的第二进油口(102)；或者
    所述第二油道(1102)与所述第一壳体(100)的第一进油口(101)连通。
  11. 根据权利要求8-10中任意一项所述的变速器，其特征在于，所述润滑管路(602)包括至少部分所述轴承组件(300b)和/或对应于所述齿轮组件(300a)的齿轮啮合处的管口(701a)，用于所述轴承组件(300b)和所述齿轮组件(300a)的润滑。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的变速器，其特征在于，所述润滑管路(602)包括与所述第一壳体(100)的第一油道(1101)连通的第一管路(130)，所述第一管路(130)包括对应于所述第四轴承组件(343)且用于所述第四轴承组件(343)润滑的第一管口(131)。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的变速器，其特征在于，所述第一管路(130)还包括对应于所述第一传动齿轮(321)和所述输出齿轮(341)啮合处的第一侧的第二管口(132)；和/或
    所述第一管路(130)还包括对应于所述第一传动齿轮(321)和所述输出齿轮(341)啮合处的第二侧，以及对应于所述齿轮部(311)和所述第一传动齿轮(321)啮合处的第一侧的第三管口(133)。
  14. 根据权利要求11-13中任意一项所述的变速器，其特征在于，所述润滑管路还包括第二管路(140)，所述第二管路(140)包括对应于所述齿轮部(311)和所述第一传动齿轮(321)啮合处的第二侧的第四管口(141)；和/或
    所述第二管路(140)还包括对应于所述齿轮部(311)和所述第二传动齿轮(331)啮合处的第一侧的第五管口(142)；和/或
    所述第二管路(140)还包括对应于所述齿轮部(311)和所述第二传动齿轮(331)啮合处的第二侧，以及对应于所述第二传动齿轮(331)和所述输出齿轮(341)啮合处的第一侧的第六管口(143)；和/或
    所述第二管路(140)还包括对应于所述第二传动齿轮(331)和所述输出齿轮(341)啮合处的第二侧的第七管口(144)。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14中任意一项所述的变速器，其特征在于，所述润滑油道(600)配置能够调节提供给所述齿轮组件(300a)和所述轴承组件(300b)的油量，以适应不同的工况。
  16. 一种轮边驱动桥总成，包括电机座(1)和半轴套管(2)，其特征在于，所述轮边驱动桥总成(800)还包括权利要求1-15中任意一项所述的变速器(10)；
    所述电机座(1)形成所述第一壳体(100)，所述半轴套管(2)形成所述第二壳体(200)。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的轮边驱动桥总成，其特征在于，所述轮边驱动桥总成(800)还包括供油泵(400)，所述供油泵(400)的一端连接油箱(900)，另一端连接所述润滑油道(700)。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的轮边驱动桥总成，其特征在于，所述轮边驱动桥总成(800)还包括设于所述供油泵(400)与所述润滑油道(700)之间油路的油冷器(801)和/或过滤器(802)。
  19. 一种车辆，其特征在于，所述车辆包括权利要求1-15中任意一项所述的变速器(10)或者包括权利要求16-18中任意一项所述的轮边驱动桥总成(800)。
PCT/CN2025/091296 2024-08-02 2025-04-25 变速器、轮边驱动桥总成及车辆 Pending WO2026026054A1 (zh)

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