WO2026016906A1 - 高载流直流岸电扁电缆及其制造方法 - Google Patents
高载流直流岸电扁电缆及其制造方法Info
- Publication number
- WO2026016906A1 WO2026016906A1 PCT/CN2025/106709 CN2025106709W WO2026016906A1 WO 2026016906 A1 WO2026016906 A1 WO 2026016906A1 CN 2025106709 W CN2025106709 W CN 2025106709W WO 2026016906 A1 WO2026016906 A1 WO 2026016906A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- core
- flat cable
- carrying
- shore power
- current
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/02—Stranding-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
- H01B13/14—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
- H01B13/24—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by extrusion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/08—Flat or ribbon cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/30—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for reducing conductor losses when carrying alternating current, e.g. due to skin effect
Definitions
- This invention relates to a high current-carrying DC shore power flat cable and its manufacturing method.
- shore power cables require the installation of shore power cable storage reels to accommodate applications with varying distances between the power supply and receiving ends.
- the outer diameter and bending performance of shore power cables are key factors affecting the size of the storage reel and even the overall size of the shore power system.
- Common shore power cables are generally cylindrical structures composed of multi-strand stranded conductors, insulation, and sheathing. Their bending performance is closely related to the cable's outer diameter. When the cable is stored in a storage reel in a disc shape, there are large gaps between adjacent layers, resulting in a large storage reel size and consequently a large overall size of the shore power equipment.
- the purpose of this invention is to provide a high current-carrying DC shore power flat cable to solve the problem of poor bending performance of existing round shore power cables.
- the present invention provides a high current-carrying DC shore power flat cable, the high current-carrying DC shore power flat cable including two adjacent power cores and two control lines arranged adjacent to the power cores.
- the two power cores are arranged adjacent to each other, and the cross-section of the power core is circular.
- the power core includes a circular dividing unit with a circular cross-section arranged in the middle and a plurality of fan-shaped dividing units with fan-shaped cross-sections arranged around the circular dividing unit.
- the circular dividing unit and the fan-shaped dividing units are surrounded by dividing unit isolation layers.
- each of the power cores includes four sector-shaped segmentation units.
- each of the power cores is surrounded by a core insulation layer, and the insulation layers of two adjacent cores abut against each other.
- the core insulation layer is made of high-insulation, high-modulus elastomer flame-retardant ethylene propylene insulating rubber material.
- the control unit line 61 in the control line 6 is made of oxygen-free copper wire with a diameter of ⁇ 0.2mm or less twisted together to realize the function of control electrical signal transmission.
- the inner sheath 3 is made of polyether-type polyurethane sheath material with a high tear resistance and high wear resistance of 1.2 g/cm 3. Its tensile strength is ⁇ 25 MPa, elongation at break is ⁇ 300%, and tear resistance is ⁇ 40 N. This material is beneficial to improving the overall flexibility, tensile strength and wear resistance of the high current-carrying DC shore power flat cable 100, and meets the requirements of repeated dragging use of the high current-carrying DC shore power flat cable 100.
- the braided reinforcing layer 4 is made of metal composite carbon fiber filament, which has a tensile strength of 5880MPa, about 20 times that of copper. Under the same outer diameter, the weight of its braided armor layer is reduced by up to 86% compared with the weight of copper braided armor layer. This is beneficial to ensure the high tensile strength of the braided reinforcing layer 4, while also having an electric field shielding effect. This effectively improves the overall anti-interference performance of the high current-carrying DC shore power flat cable 100 and the impact of the electric radiation generated by the high current-carrying DC shore power flat cable 100 during operation on the external environment.
- the outer sheath layer 5 is made of polyether-type polyurethane sheath material with a high tear resistance and high wear resistance of 1.2 g/cm 3. Its tensile strength is ⁇ 25MPa, elongation at break is ⁇ 300%, and tear resistance is ⁇ 40N. This material is beneficial to improving the overall flexibility, tensile strength and wear resistance of the high current-carrying DC shore power flat cable 100, and meets the requirements of repeated dragging use of the high current-carrying DC shore power flat cable 100.
- the high-current-carrying DC shore power flat cable 100 can also be used as a single-phase parallel connection in AC shore power systems, which can further improve the overall current-carrying capacity and help reduce the size of the shore power system cable reel.
- the manufacturing method of the high current-carrying DC shore power flat cable 100 includes the following steps:
- a core insulation layer 2 is formed outside the power core 1;
- Step S1 specifically includes the following steps:
- split conductor strands are twisted and compressed into shape: The single filaments of the split conductor strands are first twisted into 5 circular split conductor strands according to the cross-sectional size of the split conductor strands. Then, 4 of the circular split conductor strands are compressed into 90° fan-shaped split conductor strands by passing them through 7 sets of fan-shaped conductor half-type compression roller molds as shown in Figure 2.
- the 7 sets of fan-shaped conductor half-type compression roller molds consist of an upper pressure roller 71 and a lower pressure roller 74.
- the upper compression surface 72 of the upper pressure roller 71 is the top arc surface of the fan, and the lower compression surface 73 of the lower pressure roller 74 is the bottom arc surface and the two sides of the fan.
- the remaining 1 circular split conductor strand is a circular dividing unit 12, and the 4 fan-shaped split conductor strands form a fan-shaped dividing unit 11.
- S13 Wrapping of split conductor strands: The isolation wrapping tape is spirally overlapped and wound around the outside of the split conductor strands, with a wrapping overlap rate of 10% to 15%, to form the isolation layer 13 of the split unit outside the fan-shaped split unit 11 and the circular split unit 12.
- Step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
- S21 Rubber compound mixing: Using an internal mixer, at a temperature of 100°C ⁇ 130°C, add EPDM raw rubber, zinc oxide, stearic acid, magnesium silicate powder, sulfur, paraffin oil, antioxidant, and DCP (diisopropylbenzene peroxide). After mixing evenly, add compounding agents according to their respective formulas, mix evenly again, extrude into sheets, then extrude and granulate at high temperature, cool through a vibrating screen, and package for later use.
- EPDM raw rubber zinc oxide
- stearic acid magnesium silicate powder
- sulfur paraffin oil
- antioxidant antioxidant
- DCP diisopropylbenzene peroxide
- S22 Insulating rubber extrusion: The well-mixed high-insulation, high-modulus elastomer flame-retardant ethylene propylene insulating rubber is extruded and melted using a cold-feed rubber extruder, and then extruded through a die to uniformly coat the outside of the power core 1 to form the core insulation layer 2.
- the die temperature is 70°C ⁇ 90°C
- the screw temperature is 55°C ⁇ 65°C
- the die body temperature is 60°C ⁇ 70°C.
- Step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
- S31 Copper wire drawing and annealing: The number of drawing heads is set according to the number of conductor single wires in control unit line 61. A multi-strand single wire continuous drawing and annealing process is adopted. Multiple strands of single wires are drawn and formed simultaneously at one time to ensure that the conductor single wire length and tension are consistent. The diameter of each single wire does not exceed ⁇ 0.2mm. After being annealed and softened in an oven at 500°C ⁇ 600°C, it is cooled, dried and then wound onto a wire spool.
- S32 Conductor stranding: The multi-strand monofilaments formed by drawing are stranded into a bundle by a high-speed double-twist stranding machine through the rotation of the stranding bow.
- the stranding pitch ratio is 8 to 10 times, and the stranding direction is left-handed, forming a control unit wire 61 with a cross-sectional area of 0.5 mm2 to 2.5 mm2 .
- S33 Rubber compound mixing: Using an internal mixer, at a temperature of 100°C ⁇ 130°C, add EPDM raw rubber, zinc oxide, stearic acid, magnesium silicate powder, sulfur, paraffin oil, antioxidant, and DCP (diisopropylbenzene peroxide), mix evenly, then add compounding agents according to their respective formulas, mix evenly again, extrude into sheets, then extrude and granulate at high temperature, cool through a vibrating screen, and package for later use.
- EPDM raw rubber zinc oxide
- stearic acid magnesium silicate powder
- sulfur paraffin oil
- antioxidant antioxidant
- DCP diisopropylbenzene peroxide
- S34 Insulating rubber extrusion: The mixed high-insulation, high-modulus elastomer flame-retardant ethylene propylene insulating rubber is extruded and melted using a cold-feed rubber extruder, and then extruded through a die to evenly coat the outside of the control unit line 61.
- S35 Core stranding and shielding wrapping: A high-speed untwisting stranding machine is used to untwise the wire in the reverse direction and then twist it into shape by rotating the stranding bow. The stranding pitch ratio is 8 to 10 times, and the stranding direction is to the right to form two sets of 4-core control unit cable cores. Three sets of high-speed concentric wrapping machines are used to spirally overlap and wrap three layers of wrapping tape around the control unit cable cores. From the inside to the outside, they are non-metallic isolation film tape, metallic composite shielding film tape, and non-metallic isolation film tape. The wrapping overlap rate is ⁇ 25%. This step is used to form the shielding cover layer 63. After the shielding cover layer 63 is formed, the control line 6 is obtained.
- Step S4 specifically includes the following steps:
- the inner sheath paralleling die core opening 8 shown in Figure 3 is used for bundling.
- the inner sheath paralleling die core opening 8 consists of a power core paralleling die core opening 81 and a control unit core paralleling die core opening 82.
- the power core 1 and the control line 6 are bundled into the inner sheath paralleling die core opening 8.
- the power core 1 is threaded through the power core paralleling die core opening 81, and the control line 6 is threaded through the control unit core paralleling die core opening 82. After the units are paralleled, a fixed and stable arrangement structure is formed.
- S42 Inner sheath extrusion: The high tear-resistant and high wear-resistant elastomer polyether polyurethane sheath material is extruded and melted using an extruder. After being shaped by the extrusion die, it is immediately and evenly wrapped around the outside of the cable core after the unit is connected by the inner sheath connecting die core 8, forming the inner sheath layer 3.
- Step S5 specifically includes the following steps: using a high-speed non-metallic fiber weaving machine to spirally weave metal composite carbon fiber filaments on the outer layer of the inner sheath 3 to form a mesh-like woven reinforcing layer 4;
- Step S6 specifically includes the following steps: using an extruder to extrude and melt high tear-resistant and high wear-resistant elastomer polyether polyurethane sheath material, and after being shaped by an extrusion die, immediately and evenly covering the outside of the woven reinforcing layer 4 to form the outer sheath layer 5.
- the manufacturing method of the high current-carrying DC shore power flat cable of the present invention can realize the high current-carrying DC shore power flat cable 100.
- the high-current-carrying DC shore power flat cable 100 of the present invention satisfies the basic power transmission function of shore power cables, as well as tensile and abrasion resistance, which is beneficial for repeated dragging use of the high-current-carrying DC shore power flat cable 100.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种高载流直流岸电扁电缆及其制造方法,所述高载流直流岸电扁电缆包括两个相邻设置的动力线芯、相邻动力线芯设置的两根控制线,两个所述动力线芯相邻设置以使得高载流直流岸电扁电缆呈扁平状,所述动力线芯的截面呈圆形,所述动力线芯包括设置在中部截面呈圆形的圆形分割单元和环绕所述圆形分割单元设置的多个截面呈扇形的扇形分割单元,所述圆形分割单元和所述扇形分割单元的周围均环绕设置有分割单元隔离层。本发明的高载流直流岸电扁电缆,通过采用双动力线芯结构设计,以及采用扁形电缆结构设计,有益于减小高载流直流岸电扁电缆整体的外径,有益于提高高载流直流岸电扁电缆整体的弯曲性能。
Description
本发明涉及一种高载流直流岸电扁电缆及其制造方法。
岸电电缆作为岸电系统的关键元件,为了满足供电端与受电端不同距离的应用,需在岸电系统中设置岸电电缆储放线盘装置,而岸电电缆的外径尺寸、弯曲性能则是影响储放装置尺寸乃至岸电装置整体尺寸的关键因素之一。
现有常见的岸电电缆一般为多股绞合成型导体及其绝缘和护层组成的圆柱形结构,其弯曲性能与电缆外径息息相关,且电缆以圆盘状储存在储放线盘中时,电缆相邻层之间存在较大的间隙,造成储放线盘尺寸较大,导致岸电设备整体尺寸较大。
有鉴于此,有必要对现有的岸电电缆予以改进,以解决上述问题。
本发明的目的在于提供一种高载流直流岸电扁电缆,以解决现有圆形岸电电缆弯曲性能较差的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供一种高载流直流岸电扁电缆,所述高载流直流岸电扁电缆包括两个相邻设置的动力线芯、相邻动力线芯设置的两根控制线,两个所述动力线芯相邻设置,所述动力线芯的截面呈圆形,所述动力线芯包括设置在中部截面呈圆形的圆形分割单元和环绕所述圆形分割单元设置的多个截面呈扇形的扇形分割单元,所述圆形分割单元和所述扇形分割单元的周围均环绕设置有分割单元隔离层。
作为本发明的进一步改进,每一所述动力线芯包括四个扇形分割单元。
作为本发明的进一步改进,每一所述动力线芯周围包覆有线芯绝缘层,相邻两个所述线芯绝缘层抵接。
作为本发明的进一步改进,每一所述控制线与两个所述线芯绝缘层抵接。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述线芯绝缘层采用高绝缘高模量弹性体阻燃乙丙绝缘橡胶材料制得。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述控制线包括四根截面呈圆形的控制单元线、包覆在每一所述控制单元线外侧的控制绝缘层、包覆在多个所述控制绝缘层外侧的控制屏蔽包覆层。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述控制单元线采用无氧铜丝绞合成型,所述控制绝缘层采用高绝缘高模量弹性体阻燃乙丙绝缘橡胶材料制得,所述控制屏蔽包覆层采用金属复合碳纤维丝制得。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述高载流直流岸电扁电缆还包括包覆所述控制线和所述动力线芯的内护层、包覆在内护层外的编织加强层、包覆在所述编织加强层外的外护套层。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述内护层采用聚醚型聚氨酯护套材料制得,所述编织加强层采用金属复合碳纤维丝制得,所述外护套层采用聚醚型聚氨酯护套材料制得。
本发明还提供一种如上述的高载流直流岸电扁电缆的制造方法,所述高载流直流岸电扁电缆的制造方法包括如下步骤:
S1:制备动力线芯;
S2:在动力线芯外形成线芯绝缘层;
S3:制备控制线;
S4:单元并线,同步挤出内护层;
S5:纤维编织形成编织加强层;
S6:外护挤出形成外护套层。
作为本发明的进一步改进,步骤S1具体包括如下步骤:
S11:铜丝拉丝退火:根据分裂导体股线单丝根数设定拉丝头数,采用多股单丝连拉连退工艺,多股单丝一次性同步拉拔成形,确保导体单丝长度和张力一致,经过500℃~600℃的烘箱进行高温退火软化,冷却烘干后卷绕至线盘上;
S12:分裂导体股线绞合紧压成型:分裂导体股线单丝根据分裂导体股线截面大小先绞合成5股圆形分裂导体股线,再将其中4股圆形分裂导体股线通过扇面形导体哈夫式紧压滚轮模具组紧压为扇面形分裂导体股线;
S13:分裂导体股线绕包:采用隔离绕包带螺旋重叠缠绕在分裂导体股线外侧以形成分割单元隔离层;
S14:分裂导体股线复绞:分别将4股扇面形分裂导体股线绞合在1股圆形分裂导体股线外侧形成动力线芯。
作为本发明的进一步改进,步骤S2具体包括如下步骤:
S21:胶料混炼:采用密炼机,在100℃~130℃温度下,投入三元乙丙橡胶原胶和氧化锌、硬脂酸、硅酸镁粉、硫磺、石蜡油、防老剂、DCP,混炼均匀后,再按各自配方添加配合剂,再次混炼均匀,挤压成片,再经高温挤出切粒,经振动筛冷却后包装待用;
S22:绝缘胶挤出:采用冷喂料橡胶挤出机对混炼好的高绝缘高模量弹性体阻燃乙丙绝缘橡胶进行挤压熔融,经模具挤出均匀包覆在动力线芯的外面。
作为本发明的进一步改进,步骤S3具体包括如下步骤:
S31:铜丝拉丝退火:根据控制单元线导体单丝根数设定拉丝头数,采用多股单丝连拉连退工艺,多股单丝一次性同步拉拔成形,确保导体单丝长度和张力一致,并经过500℃~600℃的烘箱进行高温退火软化,冷却烘干后卷绕至线盘上;
S32:导体绞合:拉丝形成的多股单丝采用高速双扭绞线机,通过绞弓旋转将单丝绞合成束,绞合节径比为8~10倍,绞向左向,形成截面积为0.5mm2~2.5mm2的控制单元线。
S33:胶料混炼:采用密炼机,在100℃~130℃温度下,投入三元乙丙橡胶原胶和氧化锌、硬脂酸、硅酸镁粉、硫磺、石蜡油、防老剂、DCP,混炼均匀后,再按各自配方添加配合剂,再次混炼均匀,挤压成片,再经高温挤出切粒,经振动筛冷却后包装待用;
S34:绝缘胶挤出:采用冷喂料橡胶挤出机对混炼好的高绝缘高模量弹性体阻燃乙丙绝缘橡胶进行挤压熔融,经模具挤出均匀包覆在控制单元线的外面;
S35:线芯绞合和屏蔽绕包:采用高速退扭绞线机,通过放行反向退扭,再经绞弓旋转绞合成型,绞合节径比为8~10倍,绞向右向,形成两组4芯控制单元缆芯,并采用三组高速同心式绕包机在控制单元缆芯外螺旋重叠缠绕三层包带,由内至外分别为非金属隔离薄膜带、金属复合屏蔽薄膜带、非金属隔离薄膜带,绕包搭盖率≥25%。
作为本发明的进一步改进,步骤S4具体包括如下步骤:
S41:单元并线:采用多台缆芯张力控制放线装置,放线张力统一设定为相同大小,使用内护并线模芯模口进行集束,所述内护并线模芯模口由动力线芯并线模口和控制单元线芯并线模口组成,动力线芯和控制线集束至内护并线模芯模口内,动力线芯穿线通过动力线芯并线模口,控制线穿线通过控制单元线芯并线模口,各单元并线后形成固定的稳定排列结构;
S42:内护挤出:采用挤塑机对高抗撕高耐磨弹性体聚醚型聚氨酯护套材料进行挤压熔融,经挤出模具定型后立即均匀包覆在由内护并线模芯模口完成单元并线后的缆芯外侧。
作为本发明的进一步改进,步骤S5具体包括如下步骤:采用高速非金属纤维编织机在内护外层螺旋编织的金属复合碳纤维丝,形成网状的编织加强层;步骤S6具体包括如下步骤:采用挤塑机对高抗撕高耐磨弹性体聚醚型聚氨酯护套材料进行挤压熔融,经挤出模具定型后立即均匀包覆在编织加强层外侧,形成外护套层。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明的高载流直流岸电扁电缆,满足岸电电缆基本的电能传输功能,以及抗拉耐磨性能,有益于高载流直流岸电扁电缆的反复拖曳使用。通过采用双动力线芯结构设计,以及采用扁形电缆结构设计,有益于减小高载流直流岸电扁电缆整体的外径,有益于提高高载流直流岸电扁电缆整体的弯曲性能,有益于消除集肤效应,有益于降低功率损耗、电晕损耗和干扰,有益于提升岸电系统的电能传输效率,进一步有益于降低岸电电力传输系统的制造和运营成本,有益于实现节能减排和绿色环保效果。
图1是本发明的高载流直流岸电扁电缆的截面示意图;
图2是用以制备本发明的高载流直流岸电扁电缆的扇面形导体哈夫式紧压滚轮模具的示意图;
图3是本发明的用以制备本发明的高载流直流岸电扁电缆的内护并线模芯模口的示意图;
图4是本发明的高载流直流岸电扁电缆的制造方法的流程图。
下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。此外,下面所描述的本发明不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
如图1所示,本发明的高载流直流岸电扁电缆100包括两个相邻设置的动力线芯1、相邻动力线芯1设置的两根控制线6、包覆所述控制线6和所述动力线芯1的内护层3、包覆在内护层3外的编织加强层4、包覆在所述编织加强层4外的外护套层5。
两个所述动力线芯1相邻设置以使得高载流直流岸电扁电缆100呈扁平状,所述动力线芯1的截面呈圆形,所述动力线芯1包括设置在中部截面呈圆形的圆形分割单元12和环绕所述圆形分割单元12设置的多个截面呈扇形的扇形分割单元11。
本实施例中,每一所述动力线芯1包括四个扇形分割单元11。在其他实施例中,扇形分割单元11的数量也可以为三个或者五个或者更多个。
由四股扇形分割单元11和一股圆形分割单元12再经绞合工艺组成圆形所述动力线芯1,与同截面单股圆形导体相比,其具有减小集肤效应和降低阻抗的功能,有益于提升整体载流约10%及以上。当应用中频·(300Hz~30kHz)电力传输技术时,或应用直流电力传输技术时,与同截面单股圆形导体比,其减小集肤效应和降低阻抗的功能更有益于提升电缆的传输效率,减小电能损耗,有效降低能源浪费。
所述圆形分割单元12和所述扇形分割单元11的周围均环绕设置有分割单元隔离层13,以避免直接相互接触导通。
每一所述动力线芯1周围包覆有线芯绝缘层2,相邻两个所述线芯绝缘层2抵接。所述线芯绝缘层2采用高绝缘高模量弹性体阻燃乙丙绝缘橡胶材料制得。在保证电气安全性和机械强度的前提下,有益于高载流直流岸电扁电缆100整体弯曲性能。
每一所述控制线6与两个所述线芯绝缘层2抵接。所述控制线6包括四根截面呈圆形的控制单元线61、包覆在每一所述控制单元线61外侧的控制绝缘层62、包覆在多个所述控制绝缘层62外侧的控制屏蔽包覆层63。
所述控制线6中控制单元线61采用φ0.2mm及以下无氧铜丝绞合成型,实现控制电信号传输功能。
所述控制线6中控制绝缘层62采用高绝缘高模量弹性体阻燃乙丙绝缘橡胶材料制得,在保证电气安全性的前提下,有益于控制线6的弯曲性能。
所述控制线6中控制屏蔽包覆层63采用金属复合碳纤维丝制得,其抗拉强度可达到5880MPa,约是铜的20倍,且相同外径下其编织屏蔽层重量较铜编织屏蔽层重量减少达86%,实现对高载流直流岸电扁电缆100运行时动力线芯1产生的高能电场的抗干扰性能,还有益于提升控制单元的抗拉能力。
所述控制线6中也可以增加光纤单元,实现光信号传输,使高载流直流岸电扁电缆100具备光电复合的综合传输功能。
本实施例中,所述控制线6的直径小于所述动力线芯1的直径,因此两个所述动力线芯1之间的空间可以收容下两个所述控制线6,如此使得高载流直流岸电扁电缆100呈扁平状,便于卷曲。
所述内护层3采用1.2g/cm3的高抗撕高耐磨弹性体的聚醚型聚氨酯护套材料制得,其抗张强度≥25MPa,断裂伸长率≥300%,抗撕力≥40N,有益于提升高载流直流岸电扁电缆100整体的柔性、抗拉性和耐磨性,满足高载流直流岸电扁电缆100反复拖曳使用的需求。
所述编织加强层4采用金属复合碳纤维丝制得,其抗拉强度可达到5880MPa,约是铜的20倍,且相同外径下其编织铠装层重量较铜编织铠装层重量减少达86%,有益于保证编织加强层4高抗拉能力的前提下,同时还具备电场屏蔽效果,有效提升高载流直流岸电扁电缆100整体的抗干扰性能以及高载流直流岸电扁电缆100运行时产生的电辐射对外界环境的影响。
所述外护套层5采用1.2g/cm3的高抗撕高耐磨弹性体的聚醚型聚氨酯护套材料制得,其抗张强度≥25MPa,断裂伸长率≥300%,抗撕力≥40N,有益于提升高载流直流岸电扁电缆100整体的柔性、抗拉性和耐磨性,满足高载流直流岸电扁电缆100反复拖曳使用的需求。
所述高载流直流岸电扁电缆100,同时也可在交流岸电系统中作为单相并联应用,可进一步提升整体的载流能力,有益于减小岸电系统电缆卷盘的尺寸。
所述高载流直流岸电扁电缆100的制造方法包括如下步骤:
S1:制备动力线芯1;
S2:在动力线芯1外形成线芯绝缘层2;
S3:制备控制线6;
S4:单元并线,同步挤出内护层3;
S5:纤维编织形成编织加强层4;
S6:外护挤出形成外护套层5。
其中步骤S1具体包括如下步骤:
S11:铜丝拉丝退火:根据分裂导体股线单丝根数设定拉丝头数,采用多股单丝连拉连退工艺,多股单丝一次性同步拉拔成形,确保导体单丝长度和张力一致,每根单丝丝径不超过φ0.5mm,经过500℃~600℃的烘箱进行高温退火软化,冷却烘干后卷绕至线盘上。
S12:分裂导体股线绞合紧压成型:分裂导体股线单丝根据分裂导体股线截面大小先绞合成5股圆形分裂导体股线,再将其中4股圆形分裂导体股线通过如图2所示的扇面形导体哈夫式紧压滚轮模具7组紧压为90°的扇面形分裂导体股线;扇面形导体哈夫式紧压滚轮模具7组由上压轮71和下压轮74组成,上压轮71的上紧压面72为扇面顶弧形面,下压轮74的下紧压面73为扇面底弧形面及扇面双侧面,剩余的1股圆形分裂导体股线为圆形分割单元12,4股扇面形分裂导体股线形成扇形分割单元11。
S13:分裂导体股线绕包:采用隔离绕包带螺旋重叠缠绕在分裂导体股线外侧,绕包搭盖率10%~15%,以形成扇形分割单元11和圆形分割单元12外的分割单元隔离层13。
S14:分裂导体股线复绞:分别将绕包后的4股扇面形分裂导体股线绞合在1股圆形分裂导体股线外侧形成动力线芯1,其中成品直流电缆的正相分裂导体股线和负相分裂导体股线的复绞绞合方向相反,即若正相为顺时针,则负相为逆时针,确保正负两相导体内应力相互抵消,避免成品电缆出现扭曲现象。
步骤S2具体包括如下步骤:
S21:胶料混炼:采用密炼机,在100℃~130℃温度下,投入三元乙丙橡胶原胶和氧化锌、硬脂酸、硅酸镁粉、硫磺、石蜡油、防老剂、DCP(过氧化二异丙苯),混炼均匀后,再按各自配方添加配合剂,再次混炼均匀,挤压成片,再经高温挤出切粒,经振动筛冷却后包装待用。
S22:绝缘胶挤出:采用冷喂料橡胶挤出机对混炼好的高绝缘高模量弹性体阻燃乙丙绝缘橡胶进行挤压熔融,经模具挤出均匀包覆在动力线芯1的外面形成线芯绝缘层2,其中,模口温度为70℃~90℃,螺杆温度55℃~65℃,机身温度为60℃~70℃。
步骤S3具体包括如下步骤:
S31:铜丝拉丝退火:根据控制单元线61导体单丝根数设定拉丝头数,采用多股单丝连拉连退工艺,多股单丝一次性同步拉拔成形,确保导体单丝长度和张力一致,每根单丝丝径不超过φ0.2mm,并经过500℃~600℃的烘箱进行高温退火软化,冷却烘干后卷绕至线盘上。
S32:导体绞合:拉丝形成的多股单丝采用高速双扭绞线机,通过绞弓旋转将单丝绞合成束,绞合节径比为8~10倍,绞向左向,形成截面积为0.5mm2~2.5mm2的控制单元线61。
S33:胶料混炼:采用密炼机,在100℃~130℃温度下,投入三元乙丙橡胶原胶和氧化锌、硬脂酸、硅酸镁粉、硫磺、石蜡油、防老剂、DCP(过氧化二异丙苯),混炼均匀后,再按各自配方添加配合剂,再次混炼均匀,挤压成片,再经高温挤出切粒,经振动筛冷却后包装待用。
S34:绝缘胶挤出:采用冷喂料橡胶挤出机对混炼好的高绝缘高模量弹性体阻燃乙丙绝缘橡胶进行挤压熔融,经模具挤出均匀包覆在控制单元线61的外面。
S35:线芯绞合和屏蔽绕包:采用高速退扭绞线机,通过放行反向退扭,再经绞弓旋转绞合成型,绞合节径比为8~10倍,绞向右向,形成两组4芯控制单元缆芯,并采用三组高速同心式绕包机在控制单元缆芯外螺旋重叠缠绕三层包带,由内至外分别为非金属隔离薄膜带、金属复合屏蔽薄膜带、非金属隔离薄膜带,绕包搭盖率≥25%,此步骤用以形成屏蔽包覆层63,形成屏蔽包覆层63后即获得控制线6。
步骤S4具体包括如下步骤:
S41:单元并线:采用多台缆芯张力控制放线装置,放线张力统一设定为相同大小,使用如图3所示的内护并线模芯模口8进行集束,所述内护并线模芯模口8由动力线芯并线模口81和控制单元线芯并线模口82组成,动力线芯1和控制线6集束至内护并线模芯模口8内,动力线芯1穿线通过动力线芯并线模口81,控制线6穿线通过控制单元线芯并线模口82,各单元并线后形成固定的稳定排列结构。
S42:内护挤出:采用挤塑机对高抗撕高耐磨弹性体聚醚型聚氨酯护套材料进行挤压熔融,经挤出模具定型后立即均匀包覆在由内护并线模芯模口8完成单元并线后的缆芯外侧,形成内护层3。
步骤S5具体包括如下步骤:采用高速非金属纤维编织机在内护层3外层螺旋编织的金属复合碳纤维丝,形成网状的编织加强层4;步骤S6具体包括如下步骤:采用挤塑机对高抗撕高耐磨弹性体聚醚型聚氨酯护套材料进行挤压熔融,经挤出模具定型后立即均匀包覆在编织加强层4外侧,形成外护套层5。
本发明的高载流直流岸电扁电缆的制造方法,可以实现高载流直流岸电扁电缆100。
本发明的高载流直流岸电扁电缆100,满足岸电电缆基本的电能传输功能,以及抗拉耐磨性能,有益于高载流直流岸电扁电缆100的反复拖曳使用。通过采用双动力线芯1结构设计,以及采用扁形电缆结构设计,有益于减小高载流直流岸电扁电缆100整体的外径,有益于提高高载流直流岸电扁电缆100整体的弯曲性能,有益于消除集肤效应,有益于降低功率损耗、电晕损耗和干扰,有益于提升岸电系统的电能传输效率,进一步有益于降低岸电电力传输系统的制造和运营成本,有益于实现节能减排和绿色环保效果。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (15)
- 一种高载流直流岸电扁电缆,其特征在于:所述高载流直流岸电扁电缆包括两个相邻设置的动力线芯、相邻动力线芯设置的两根控制线,两个所述动力线芯相邻设置以使得高载流直流岸电扁电缆呈扁平状,所述动力线芯的截面呈圆形,所述动力线芯包括设置在中部截面呈圆形的圆形分割单元和环绕所述圆形分割单元设置的多个截面呈扇形的扇形分割单元,所述圆形分割单元和所述扇形分割单元的周围均环绕设置有分割单元隔离层。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高载流直流岸电扁电缆,其特征在于:每一所述动力线芯包括四个扇形分割单元。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高载流直流岸电扁电缆,其特征在于:每一所述动力线芯周围包覆有线芯绝缘层,相邻两个所述线芯绝缘层抵接。
- 根据权利要求3所述的高载流直流岸电扁电缆,其特征在于:每一所述控制线与两个所述线芯绝缘层抵接。
- 根据权利要求3所述的高载流直流岸电扁电缆,其特征在于:所述线芯绝缘层采用高绝缘高模量弹性体阻燃乙丙绝缘橡胶材料制得。
- 根据权利要求1所述的高载流直流岸电扁电缆,其特征在于:所述控制线包括四根截面呈圆形的控制单元线、包覆在每一所述控制单元线外侧的控制绝缘层、包覆在多个所述控制绝缘层外侧的控制屏蔽包覆层。
- 根据权利要求6所述的高载流直流岸电扁电缆,其特征在于:所述控制单元线采用无氧铜丝绞合成型,所述控制绝缘层采用高绝缘高模量弹性体阻燃乙丙绝缘橡胶材料制得,所述控制屏蔽包覆层采用金属复合碳纤维丝制得。
- 根据权利要求1-7任意一项所述的高载流直流岸电扁电缆,其特征在于:所述高载流直流岸电扁电缆还包括包覆所述控制线和所述动力线芯的内护层、包覆在内护层外的编织加强层、包覆在所述编织加强层外的外护套层。
- 根据权利要求8所述的高载流直流岸电扁电缆,其特征在于:所述内护层采用聚醚型聚氨酯护套材料制得,所述编织加强层采用金属复合碳纤维丝制得,所述外护套层采用聚醚型聚氨酯护套材料制得。
- 一种如权利要求1-9任意一项所述的高载流直流岸电扁电缆的制造方法,其特征在于:所述高载流直流岸电扁电缆的制造方法包括如下步骤:S1:制备动力线芯;S2:在动力线芯外形成线芯绝缘层;S3:制备控制线;S4:单元并线,同步挤出内护层;S5:纤维编织形成编织加强层;S6:外护挤出形成外护套层。
- 根据权利要求10所述的高载流直流岸电扁电缆的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤S1具体包括如下步骤:S11:铜丝拉丝退火:根据分裂导体股线单丝根数设定拉丝头数,采用多股单丝连拉连退工艺,多股单丝一次性同步拉拔成形,确保导体单丝长度和张力一致,经过500℃~600℃的烘箱进行高温退火软化,冷却烘干后卷绕至线盘上;S12:分裂导体股线绞合紧压成型:分裂导体股线单丝根据分裂导体股线截面大小先绞合成5股圆形分裂导体股线,再将其中4股圆形分裂导体股线通过扇面形导体哈夫式紧压滚轮模具组紧压为扇面形分裂导体股线;S13:分裂导体股线绕包:采用隔离绕包带螺旋重叠缠绕在分裂导体股线外侧以形成分割单元隔离层;S14:分裂导体股线复绞:分别将4股扇面形分裂导体股线绞合在1股圆形分裂导体股线外侧形成动力线芯。
- 根据权利要求10所述的高载流直流岸电扁电缆的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤S2具体包括如下步骤:S21:胶料混炼:采用密炼机,在100℃~130℃温度下,投入三元乙丙橡胶原胶和氧化锌、硬脂酸、硅酸镁粉、硫磺、石蜡油、防老剂、DCP,混炼均匀后,再按各自配方添加配合剂,再次混炼均匀,挤压成片,再经高温挤出切粒,经振动筛冷却后包装待用;S22:绝缘胶挤出:采用冷喂料橡胶挤出机对混炼好的高绝缘高模量弹性体阻燃乙丙绝缘橡胶进行挤压熔融,经模具挤出均匀包覆在动力线芯的外面。
- 根据权利要求10所述的高载流直流岸电扁电缆的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤S3具体包括如下步骤:S31:铜丝拉丝退火:根据控制单元线导体单丝根数设定拉丝头数,采用多股单丝连拉连退工艺,多股单丝一次性同步拉拔成形,确保导体单丝长度和张力一致,并经过500℃~600℃的烘箱进行高温退火软化,冷却烘干后卷绕至线盘上;S32:导体绞合:拉丝形成的多股单丝采用高速双扭绞线机,通过绞弓旋转将单丝绞合成束,绞合节径比为8~10倍,绞向左向,形成截面积为0.5mm2~2.5mm2的控制单元线;S33:胶料混炼:采用密炼机,在100℃~130℃温度下,投入三元乙丙橡胶原胶和氧化锌、硬脂酸、硅酸镁粉、硫磺、石蜡油、防老剂、DCP,混炼均匀后,再按各自配方添加配合剂,再次混炼均匀,挤压成片,再经高温挤出切粒,经振动筛冷却后包装待用;S34:绝缘胶挤出:采用冷喂料橡胶挤出机对混炼好的高绝缘高模量弹性体阻燃乙丙绝缘橡胶进行挤压熔融,经模具挤出均匀包覆在控制单元线的外面;S35:线芯绞合和屏蔽绕包:采用高速退扭绞线机,通过放行反向退扭,再经绞弓旋转绞合成型,绞合节径比为8~10倍,绞向右向,形成两组4芯控制单元缆芯,并采用三组高速同心式绕包机在控制单元缆芯外螺旋重叠缠绕三层包带,由内至外分别为非金属隔离薄膜带、金属复合屏蔽薄膜带、非金属隔离薄膜带,绕包搭盖率≥25%。
- 根据权利要求10所述的高载流直流岸电扁电缆的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤S4具体包括如下步骤:S41:单元并线:采用多台缆芯张力控制放线装置,放线张力统一设定为相同大小,使用内护并线模芯模口进行集束,所述内护并线模芯模口由动力线芯并线模口和控制单元线芯并线模口组成,动力线芯和控制线集束至内护并线模芯模口内,动力线芯穿线通过动力线芯并线模口,控制线穿线通过控制单元线芯并线模口,各单元并线后形成固定的稳定排列结构;S42:内护挤出:采用挤塑机对高抗撕高耐磨弹性体聚醚型聚氨酯护套材料进行挤压熔融,经挤出模具定型后立即均匀包覆在由内护并线模芯模口完成单元并线后的缆芯外侧。
- 根据权利要求10所述的高载流直流岸电扁电缆的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤S5具体包括如下步骤:采用高速非金属纤维编织机在内护外层螺旋编织的金属复合碳纤维丝,形成网状的编织加强层;步骤S6具体包括如下步骤:采用挤塑机对高抗撕高耐磨弹性体聚醚型聚氨酯护套材料进行挤压熔融,经挤出模具定型后立即均匀包覆在编织加强层外侧,形成外护套层。
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