WO2026016604A1 - 壳体结构及电子设备 - Google Patents

壳体结构及电子设备

Info

Publication number
WO2026016604A1
WO2026016604A1 PCT/CN2025/094671 CN2025094671W WO2026016604A1 WO 2026016604 A1 WO2026016604 A1 WO 2026016604A1 CN 2025094671 W CN2025094671 W CN 2025094671W WO 2026016604 A1 WO2026016604 A1 WO 2026016604A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sound outlet
sound
channel
hole
speaker
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2025/094671
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒋元武
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honor Device Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Honor Device Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Honor Device Co Ltd filed Critical Honor Device Co Ltd
Publication of WO2026016604A1 publication Critical patent/WO2026016604A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of electronic equipment technology, and in particular to a housing structure and electronic equipment.
  • a loudspeaker commonly known as a "horn,” is a very common electroacoustic transducer. It is usually installed inside electronic devices that produce sound (such as mobile phones and tablets).
  • a loudspeaker includes a front cavity, and a transition channel is formed between the loudspeaker and the housing of the electronic device, which is connected to the front cavity. The transition channel is connected to the sound outlet on the electronic device.
  • This application provides a housing structure and an electronic device to solve the technical problem of relatively large noise generated by electronic devices through speakers in the prior art.
  • the first aspect of this application provides a housing structure, including: a main body and a plurality of sound outlet holes;
  • the main body includes a first side and a second side, which are arranged opposite to each other;
  • Multiple sound outlets are provided on the main body, and the multiple sound outlets are connected to the first side and the second side;
  • Multiple sound outlets are used to connect with the transition channel of the loudspeaker. At least some of the multiple sound outlets are inclined holes, and the axis of the inclined hole makes an angle with a first direction, which is the direction from the first side to the second side.
  • the speaker's sound output can be effectively improved without changing the speaker's structure or making minor modifications to the electronic device.
  • the speaker's sound output can be effectively improved, noise reduced, sound quality enhanced, and user experience improved.
  • the housing structure also includes one or more sound outlet groups, which include sound outlets that cooperate with the same loudspeaker among a plurality of sound outlets.
  • Electronic devices are equipped with one or more speakers, each speaker corresponding to a sound outlet group, that is, a reasonable number of sound outlet groups are set according to the needs.
  • the sound hole group includes a target sound hole group, and all sound holes in the target sound hole group are tilted holes.
  • the axes of all the tilted holes in the target sound hole group are at the same angle to the first direction.
  • the second direction the further away the tilted holes in the target sound hole group are from the matching loudspeaker, the larger the angle between the axis of the tilted holes and the first direction, where the second direction is the arrangement direction of the tilted holes.
  • the airflow direction differs at each sound outlet.
  • the tilt angle of the tilting hole By setting the tilt angle of the tilting hole to gradually increase from the direction closer to the speaker to the direction farther away from the speaker, it is beneficial to improve the airflow during speaker vibration, thereby helping to reduce noise.
  • the housing structure also includes a narrow slit sound outlet, which is connected to a sound outlet group and a transition channel of a loudspeaker that mates with the sound outlet group.
  • the speaker outputs sound in two modes: a lower volume earpiece mode and a higher volume external speaker mode.
  • earpiece mode the speaker power is reduced to produce a low volume sound.
  • external speaker mode the speaker power is increased to produce a high volume sound, and the sound is transmitted through the sound hole group.
  • the angle between the axis of the inclined hole and the first direction ranges from 0 to 60°.
  • the manufacturing process can be realized by taking into account the structural dimensions of existing electronic devices.
  • the shell structure is a middle frame; or, the shell structure is a middle frame and a rear shell.
  • the housing of an electronic device typically includes a screen, a mid-frame, and a back cover.
  • the sound holes are usually located on the mid-frame.
  • the housing structure can serve as the mid-frame; of course, it can also be a structure composed of the mid-frame and the back cover.
  • a second aspect of this application provides an electronic device including one or more speakers and a housing structure as provided in any of the above technical solutions, wherein the speaker includes a front cavity, a rear cavity, and a transition channel.
  • the electronic device since the electronic device includes the aforementioned housing structure, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects of the housing structure, which will not be elaborated further here.
  • the transition channel includes a first end and a second end, the first end of which is connected to the front cavity, and the second end of which is connected to at least some of the multiple sound holes.
  • the second end of the channel is connected to the corresponding sound outlet; when only one speaker is included, the second end of the channel is connected to all the sound outlets on the housing structure.
  • the sound hole forms a first end on a first side and a second end on a second side; the offset direction of the second end relative to the first end is the same as the offset direction of the second end of the channel relative to the first end of the channel in at least one direction.
  • tilting holes are set according to the offset between the first and second ends of the transition channel to reduce speaker noise and improve sound quality.
  • the offset direction of the second hole end relative to the first hole end in the second direction is the same as the offset direction of the second end of the channel relative to the first end of the channel in the second direction; or, the offset direction of the second hole end relative to the first hole end in the third direction is the same as the offset direction of the second end of the channel relative to the first end of the channel in the third direction. Both the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the offset of the tilted hole from the speaker transition channel in the second or third direction is the same. This facilitates the processing of the tilted hole while reducing speaker noise and improving sound quality.
  • the offset direction of the second hole end relative to the first hole end in the second direction is the same as the offset direction of the second end of the channel relative to the first end of the channel in the second direction
  • the offset direction of the second hole end relative to the first hole end in the third direction is the same as the offset direction of the second end of the channel relative to the first end of the channel in the third direction
  • both the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to the first direction
  • the tilted hole is offset from the speaker transition channel in both the second and third directions to further reduce speaker noise and improve sound quality.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram of the existing related mobile phone processor, audio module, and speaker, receiver and microphone connections;
  • Figure 2 is a structural diagram of an existing related mobile phone
  • Figure 3 is a front view schematic diagram of an existing related mobile phone
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the first speaker in Figure 3 along the X direction;
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the first transition channel and the first sound outlet of the first loudspeaker
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 3;
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view along line B-B in Figure 3;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the existing related second speaker's second transition channel and second sound outlet
  • Figure 9 is a front view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a right-side view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mobile phone provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 12 is a magnified view of part A in Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the mobile phone provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a transition channel and an inclined hole provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 15 is another schematic diagram of the transition channel and the inclined hole provided in the embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 16 is another schematic diagram of the transition channel and the inclined hole provided in the embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 17 is a partial structural diagram of the mobile phone provided in the embodiment of this application (showing that the tilting hole is tilted to the right);
  • Figure 18 is a partial structural diagram of a mobile phone provided in an embodiment of this application (showing that the tilting hole is tilted to the left);
  • Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the transition channel and the inclined hole provided in the embodiment of this application (showing that the inclined hole is inclined downward);
  • Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the transition channel and the inclined hole provided in the embodiment of this application (showing that the inclined hole is inclined upward);
  • Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mobile phone provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 22 is another structural schematic diagram of the mobile phone provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 23 illustrates the area where no airflow flows from the sound outlet during the simulation.
  • Figure 24 is a partial structural diagram of a mobile phone provided in an embodiment of this application (showing the narrow slit sound outlet).
  • Shell structure 264. Sound outlet; 265. Inclined hole; 266. First side surface; 267. Second side surface; 268. 269. Straight hole; 2610. Sound hole group; 2611. No airflow area; 2612. Narrow slit sound hole; 2613. Second end of the channel; 2614. First hole end; 2615. Second hole end.
  • first and second are used to distinguish identical or similar items with essentially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms “first” and “second” do not limit the quantity or execution order, and that the terms “first” and “second” do not necessarily imply that they are different.
  • connection and linked should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components.
  • connection can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components.
  • PDAs personal digital assistants
  • in-vehicle computers televisions
  • smart wearable devices such as smartwatches, smart bracelets, smart head-mounted displays, and smart glasses
  • smart home devices are equipped with speakers.
  • a loudspeaker is a transducer that converts electrical energy into sound energy. Specifically, it converts the electrical signal from an amplifier into the mechanical vibration of a diaphragm, which in turn causes changes in the density of the surrounding air, creating air waves and ultimately producing audible sound.
  • the specific working principle of a loudspeaker is as follows: When the loudspeaker receives an electrical signal, its internal coil generates a magnetic field. This magnetic field interacts with a permanent magnet, causing the coil to vibrate. The loudspeaker's diaphragm (usually a thin sheet of paper or plastic) also vibrates, causing the surrounding air to wave and ultimately producing audible sound.
  • the process of converting electrical signals into sound signals relies on the force generated by electromagnetic induction and the vibration of the diaphragm; this process converts changing electrical signals into sound signals.
  • Mobile phone 1 includes an external structure 16 and a processor 11, internal memory 14, antenna, communication module, audio module 12, sensor module, speaker 13 (including a first speaker 13A and a second speaker 13B), microphone 15, etc., disposed within the external structure 16.
  • the external structure 16 includes a screen 161 and a housing.
  • the housing includes a mid-frame 163 and a back cover 162.
  • the screen 161 can be a flexible screen or a rigid screen.
  • the screen 161, mid-frame 163, and back cover 162 are sequentially fixed and enclosed to form the external structure 16.
  • the length direction of mobile phone 1 is defined as the X-axis, the width direction as the Y-axis, and the thickness direction as the Z-axis.
  • the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are mutually perpendicular.
  • the two ends of mobile phone 1 are defined as the top and bottom, respectively.
  • FIG 1 illustrates the block diagram of the connection between the processor 11, the audio module 12, and the first speaker 13A.
  • the audio module 12 and the memory 14 are connected to the processor 11.
  • the audio module 12 is used to convert digital audio signals into analog audio signals for output, and also to convert analog audio signals into digital audio signals for input.
  • the audio module 12 is connected to the first speaker 13A, the second speaker 13B, and the microphone 15. For example, the audio module 12 converts digital audio signals into analog audio signals for output, which are then played through the speaker 13.
  • Microphone 15 also known as a "microphone,” is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals.
  • the user can speak by bringing their mouth close to microphone 15, inputting sound signals into microphone 15.
  • the first speaker 13A and the second speaker 13B are used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. Please refer to Figures 2 and 3, which are schematic diagrams of mobile phone 1, and also illustrate the first speaker 13A and the second speaker 13B.
  • the first speaker 13A is located near the bottom of mobile phone 1, and the second speaker 13B is located near the top of mobile phone 1.
  • a first sound outlet 164 is provided at the bottom of the casing of the mobile phone 1.
  • a first transition channel 13A5 is formed inside the first speaker 13A, and the first transition channel 13A5 is connected to the first sound outlet 164.
  • the sound generated by the vibration of the first speaker 13A is output through the first transition channel and then further output to the outside of the mobile phone 1 through the first sound outlet 164. Sound can be emitted through the first speaker 13A in the external speaker mode of the mobile phone 1.
  • the first loudspeaker 13A includes a first housing 13A2 and a first core 13A1.
  • the first housing 13A2 supports and fixes the first core 13A1, which is located inside the first housing 13A2.
  • the first housing 13A2 and the first core 13A1 cooperate to form a front cavity region 13A3 and a rear cavity region 13A4, which respectively form the front cavity and rear cavity of the first loudspeaker 13A.
  • the main function of the rear cavity of the loudspeaker is to prevent short circuits in the low-frequency range, making the low-frequency sound powerful and giving it a rounded feel.
  • the main function of the front cavity is to adjust the frequency response.
  • the first loudspeaker 13A has a first transition channel 13A5, which connects the front cavity region 13A3 of the first loudspeaker 13A to the first sound outlet 164.
  • the first sound outlet 164 is a straight hole, that is, the axis of the first sound outlet 164 is parallel to the X-axis in Figure 3.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the first loudspeaker 13A along the X-axis in Figure 3.
  • the first transition channel 13A5 is inclined upward from the side near the front cavity region 13A3 to the side away from the front cavity region 13A3. Therefore, when the first loudspeaker 13A is working, the airflow direction in the first transition channel 13A5 is different from that in the first sound outlet 164.
  • the excessively fast airflow velocity inside the front cavity of the first speaker 13A can cause turbulence.
  • This turbulence generates noise.
  • the misalignment between the first transition channel 13A5 and the first sound outlet 164 of the first speaker 13A can easily exacerbate turbulence and create eddies, further increasing the noise and affecting the user experience.
  • the solid arrow b indicates airflow in the first transition channel 13A5
  • the dashed arrow a indicates airflow in the first sound outlet 164.
  • the arrows clearly indicate that the airflow directions in the first transition channel 13A5 and the first sound outlet 164 are different.
  • a second sound outlet 165 and a sound outlet slit 166 are provided on the top of the external structure 16.
  • the second sound outlet 165 is located on the top surface of the external structure 16, and the sound outlet slit 166 is formed on the screen side of the mobile phone 1.
  • Figures 2 and 3 which illustrate the sound outlet slit 166.
  • a second transition channel 13B5 is formed between the second speaker 13B and the external structure 16, and both the second sound outlet 165 and the sound outlet slit 166 are connected to the second transition channel 13B5.
  • Figure 6, is a partial structural schematic diagram of the cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 3.
  • both the second sound outlet 165 and the sound outlet slit 166 are connected to the second transition channel 13B5.
  • the sound generated by the vibration of the second speaker 13B is output through the second transition channel 13B5 and then further output to the outside of the mobile phone 1 through the second sound outlet 165 and the sound outlet slit 166.
  • the second speaker 13B outputs sound in two modes: a lower volume earpiece mode and a higher volume external speaker mode.
  • earpiece mode the power of the second speaker 13B is reduced to achieve a lower volume.
  • external speaker mode the power of the second speaker 13B is increased to achieve a higher volume.
  • the second speaker 13B includes a second housing 13B2 and a second core 13B1.
  • the second housing 13B2 supports and fixes the second core 13B1.
  • the second housing 13B2 and the second core 13B1 cooperate to form the rear cavity space 13B4 of the second speaker 13B, i.e., the rear cavity of the second speaker 13B.
  • the second core 13B1 together with the screen 161 and the mid-frame 163 of the mobile phone 1, forms the front cavity space 13B3 of the second speaker 13B, i.e., the front cavity of the second speaker 13B.
  • a second transition channel 13B5 is formed within the external structure 16 of the mobile phone 1.
  • the second sound outlet 165 is connected to the front cavity space 13B3 through the second transition channel 13B5, and the sound outlet slit 166 is connected to the front cavity space 13B3 through the second transition channel 13B5.
  • the second core 13B1 When the second core 13B1 is powered on, it can drive the air in the front cavity space 13B3 to vibrate to form sound, thereby converting the audio electrical signal into a sound signal.
  • the sound can be transmitted to the outside of the mobile phone 1 through the second transition channel 13B5, the second sound outlet 165, and the sound outlet slit 166.
  • Figure 8 illustrates the second core 13B1, the front cavity space 13B3, the second transition channel 13B5, and the second sound outlet 165.
  • Figure 9 is a front view of Figure 8
  • Figure 10 is a right view of Figure 8.
  • the front cavity space 13B3 and the second sound outlet 165 are offset in the Y-axis direction.
  • the second sound outlet 165 is a straight hole, and its axis is parallel to the X-axis direction.
  • Figure 10 shows the second sound outlet 165 located near the lower side of the second transition channel 13B5 in the Z-axis direction.
  • Figures 9 and 10 illustrate the airflow in the second transition channel 13B5 and the second sound outlet 165 when the second speaker 13B emits sound.
  • the solid arrow b indicates the airflow in the second transition channel 13B5
  • the dashed arrow a indicates the airflow in the second sound outlet 165. From the direction of the arrows in Figures 9 and 10, it can be seen that the airflow directions in the second transition channel 13B5 and the second sound outlet 165 are different.
  • This application aims to change the direction of the sound outlet on the electronic device so that the airflow direction in the sound outlet is as consistent as possible with the airflow direction in the transition channel, so that the airflow in the transition channel can flow smoothly out through the sound outlet, thereby improving the sound output of the speaker 13 at high volume and reducing noise.
  • This application provides a housing structure 263, including a main body and a plurality of sound outlet holes 264.
  • the plurality of sound outlet holes 264 are disposed on the main body and are used to cooperate with the transition channel 131 of the speaker 13.
  • the housing structure 263 is a component with a sound outlet 264 that mates with the speaker 13, and is typically part of the electronic device housing or the entire housing of the electronic device. Please refer to Figure 11, which illustrates a mobile phone 1 and shows a schematic diagram of the housing structure 263 applied to the mobile phone.
  • main body all structures on the shell structure 263 except for the sound hole 264 are called the main body.
  • the loudspeaker 13 includes a housing and a core.
  • the transition channel 131 of the loudspeaker 13 can be formed on the housing of the loudspeaker 13, as in the first loudspeaker 13A above; or, as in the second loudspeaker 13B above, the housing of the electronic device forms a transition channel 131 that communicates with the front cavity of the loudspeaker 13; or, a front transition channel is formed in the housing of the loudspeaker 13, which communicates with the front cavity of the loudspeaker 13, and a rear transition channel is formed in the housing of the electronic device, with the front transition channel and the rear transition channel forming the transition channel 131.
  • the sound outlet 264 is matched with the transition channel 131 of the loudspeaker 13. That is, when the loudspeaker 13 is working, the airflow in the front cavity of the loudspeaker 13 flows through the transition channel 131 to the sound outlet 264 and flows out through the sound outlet 264 so as to transmit the sound waves.
  • Figure 11 shows the speaker 13 and the transition channel 131 that cooperates with the speaker 13, and also shows that the transition channel 131 is connected to the sound outlet 264.
  • the sound outlet 264 is disposed on the main body.
  • the main body includes a first side surface 266 and a second side surface 267, which are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the sound outlet 264 is disposed on the main body and connects the first side surface 266 and the second side surface 267.
  • the first direction is from the first side surface 266 to the second side surface 267.
  • At least some of the multiple sound outlets 264 are inclined holes 265.
  • the axis of the inclined hole 265 forms an angle ⁇ with the first direction. Referring to Figure 12, the first direction is parallel to the X-axis in Figure 12, and the first direction forms an angle ⁇ with the axis of the inclined hole 265.
  • angle ⁇ between the first direction and the axis of the inclined hole 265 the value of angle ⁇ ranges from 0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90°, meaning the axis of the inclined hole 265 is not parallel to the first direction.
  • the size of angle ⁇ can be reasonably set according to the transition channel 131.
  • the angle between the axis of the inclined hole and the first direction ranges from 0 to 60°, which allows for smoother airflow through the inclined hole 265 while also facilitating manufacturing based on the existing structural dimensions of electronic devices.
  • the axis of the inclined hole 265 forms an angle with the first direction to improve the noise of the speaker 13. That is, by setting it as an inclined hole 265, the airflow flowing in the transition channel 131 can flow more smoothly out through the inclined hole 265 when the speaker 13 is working, thereby improving the sound output of the speaker 13 and reducing noise.
  • the sound output of the speaker 13 can be effectively improved without changing the structure of the speaker 13 and with minimal changes to the structure of the electronic device. That is, by changing the direction of the sound hole, the sound output of the speaker can be effectively improved, noise can be reduced, sound quality can be improved, and user experience can be enhanced.
  • At least some of the multiple sound outlet holes 264 are inclined holes 265. Referring to Figure 13, it is shown that among the sound outlet holes 264 connected to the same transition channel 131, some are inclined holes 265, and some are straight holes 268.
  • straight hole 268 refers to a sound outlet hole 264 whose axis is parallel to the first direction.
  • the sound outlets 264 closer to the speaker 13 are inclined holes 265, and the sound outlets 264 farther from the speaker 13 are straight holes 268.
  • Figure 13 which illustrates the inclined holes 265 and straight holes 268.
  • the inclined holes 265 are closer to the speaker 13 than the straight holes 268. Since simulations have shown that the flow velocity in the sound outlets 264 closer to the speaker 13 is greater than that in the sound outlets 264 farther from the speaker 13, setting at least the sound outlets 264 closer to the speaker 13 as inclined holes 265 is more conducive to improving the sound output of the speaker 13 and reducing noise.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the sound outlet 264 is circular, or the cross-sectional shape of the sound outlet 264 is elliptical.
  • the axis of the tilted aperture 265 forms an angle with the first direction to improve the noise of the speaker 13.
  • the tilt direction of the tilted aperture 265 is explained in detail below:
  • the position where the transition channel 131 connects to the front cavity 132 of the speaker 13 is called the first end of the channel 2613, and the position where the transition channel 131 connects to the sound outlet 264 is called the second end of the channel 2612.
  • the first side 266 is close to the transition channel 131.
  • the hole formed by the inclined hole 265 on the first side 266 is called the first hole end 2614, and the hole formed by the inclined hole 265 on the second side 267 is called the second hole end 2615.
  • the offset direction of the second hole end 2615 relative to the first hole end 2614 is the same as the offset direction of the second end of the channel 2612 relative to the first end of the channel 2613.
  • the front cavity 132 of the speaker 13 When the speaker 13 vibrates, the front cavity 132 of the speaker 13 generates airflow.
  • the airflow flows through the first end 2613 of the transition channel 131 to the second end 2612 of the channel, and then through the first end 2614 of the inclined hole 265 to the second end 2615. Since the offset direction of the second end 2615 relative to the first end 2614 is the same as the offset direction of the second end 2612 relative to the first end 2613 in at least one direction, it is beneficial for the airflow in the transition channel 131 to flow out more smoothly through the inclined hole 265, so as to improve the noise of the speaker 13.
  • the second speaker 13B has been explained in detail above.
  • Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram of the interaction between the transition channel 131 of the speaker 13 and the inclined hole 265 on the housing structure 263.
  • the direction pointed to by arrow Y is called the right side, and the direction away from arrow Y is called the left side.
  • the airflow direction in the transition channel 131 is from left to right.
  • the inclined direction of the inclined hole 265 is from left to right, that is, the second hole end 2615 is biased to the right relative to the first hole end 2614, and the airflow direction in the inclined hole 265 is from left to right. This facilitates smoother airflow through the inclined hole 265 in the transition channel 131, thereby improving the noise of the speaker 13.
  • the tilting angle of the tilted hole 265 can be divided into the three cases mentioned above:
  • the solid arrow b indicates the airflow direction in the transition channel 131
  • the dashed arrow a indicates the airflow direction in the sound outlet 264.
  • the solid arrow b and the dashed arrow a are parallel.
  • the tilt angle of the tilting hole 265 can effectively improve the sound output of the speaker 13 and reduce the noise caused by the difference between the airflow direction in the transition channel 131 and the airflow direction in the sound outlet 264.
  • Figure 15 illustrates the interaction between the transition channel 131 of the speaker 13 and the inclined hole 265 on the housing structure 263.
  • solid arrow b indicates the airflow direction within the transition channel 131
  • dashed arrow a indicates the airflow direction within the sound outlet hole 264.
  • solid arrow b and dashed arrow a are not parallel, and the angle between solid arrow b and the Y-direction in Figure 15 is smaller than the angle between dashed arrow a and the Y-direction.
  • the deflection angle of the inclined hole 265 relative to the X-axis is smaller than that in Figure 14.
  • Figure 16 illustrates the interaction between the transition channel 131 of the speaker 13 and the inclined hole 265 on the housing structure 263.
  • solid arrow b indicates the airflow direction within the transition channel 131
  • dashed arrow a indicates the airflow direction within the sound outlet hole 264.
  • solid arrow b and dashed arrow a are not parallel, and the angle between solid arrow b and the Y-direction in Figure 16 is greater than the angle between dashed arrow a and the Y-direction.
  • the deflection angle of the inclined hole 265 relative to the X-axis is greater than that in Figure 14.
  • the second transition channel 13B5 of the second speaker 13B is offset not only in one direction (parallel to the Y-axis in Figure 9) but also in another direction (parallel to the Z-axis in Figure 10).
  • the second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 in Figures 14-16 is offset from the first end 2614 only in the Y-axis direction (i.e., the second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 in Figures 14-16 is not offset from the first end 2614 in the Z-axis direction), it still improves the sound output of the speaker 13.
  • the offset direction of the second end 2615 relative to the first end 2614 is the same as the offset direction of the second end 2612 of the channel relative to the first end 2613 of the channel in at least one direction, which facilitates the smoother flow of air in the transition channel 131 through the inclined hole 265.
  • the second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 can be offset upward in the Z-axis direction relative to the first end 2614.
  • the second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 can be offset not only in the Y-axis direction but also upward in the Z-axis direction relative to the first end 2614. That is, the second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 is offset in both directions relative to the first end 2614, which facilitates the airflow in the transition channel 131 to flow out more smoothly through the inclined hole 265.
  • the offset direction of the second hole end 2615 relative to the first hole end 2614 is the same as the offset direction of the second end 2612 of the channel relative to the first end 2613 of the channel in at least one direction, in order to improve the sound output of the speaker 13.
  • the tilt direction of the tilted hole 265 on the housing structure 263 will be further described for different speakers 13 (different speakers 13 have different biases in their transition channel 131).
  • the first direction is defined as the X-axis direction in Figures 17-20, which is the front-back direction.
  • the second direction is defined as the Y-axis direction in Figures 17-20, which is the left-right direction.
  • the third direction is defined as the Z-axis direction in Figures 17-20, which is the up-down direction.
  • Scenario 1 The second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 is offset to the right relative to the first end 2614.
  • This scenario is suitable for the second end 2612 of the transition channel 131 to tilt to the right relative to the first end 2613 of the channel.
  • Figure 17 shows a front view schematic diagram of the transition channel 131 of the speaker 13 cooperating with the sound outlet 264 on the housing structure 263.
  • the second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 is offset to the right relative to the first end 2614, and the second end 2612 of the transition channel 131 is offset to the right relative to the first end 2613.
  • the airflow direction in the transition channel 131 is from left to right, and the airflow direction in the inclined hole 265 is from left to right.
  • Scenario 2 The second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 is offset to the left relative to the first end 2614.
  • This scenario is suitable for the second end 2612 of the transition channel 131 to tilt to the left relative to the first end 2613 of the channel.
  • Figure 18 shows a front view schematic diagram of the transition channel 131 of the speaker 13 cooperating with the sound outlet 264 on the housing structure 263.
  • the second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 is offset to the left relative to the first end 2614, and the second end 2612 of the transition channel 131 is offset to the left relative to the first end 2613.
  • the airflow direction in the transition channel 131 is from right to left, and the airflow direction in the inclined hole 265 is from right to left.
  • Scenario 3 The second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 is offset downward relative to the first end 2614.
  • This scenario is suitable for the second end 2612 of the transition channel 131 to be tilted downward relative to the first end 2613 of the channel.
  • Figure 19 shows a front view of the transition channel 131 of the speaker 13 cooperating with the sound outlet 264 on the housing structure 263.
  • the second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 is offset downward relative to the first end 2614, and the second end 2612 of the transition channel 131 is offset downward relative to the first end 2613.
  • the airflow direction in the transition channel 131 is from the upper side to the lower side, and the airflow direction in the inclined hole 265 is from the upper side to the lower side.
  • Scenario 4 The second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 is offset upward relative to the first end 2614.
  • This scenario is suitable for the second end 2612 of the transition channel 131 to be tilted upward relative to the first end 2613 of the channel.
  • Figure 20 shows a front view of the transition channel 131 of the speaker 13 cooperating with the sound outlet 264 on the housing structure 263.
  • the second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 is offset upward relative to the first end 2614, and the second end 2612 of the transition channel 131 is offset upward relative to the first end 2613.
  • the airflow direction in the transition channel 131 is from the lower side to the upper side, and the airflow direction in the inclined hole 265 is from the lower side to the upper side.
  • Scenario 5 The second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 is offset to the right relative to the first end 2614, and the second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 is offset to the upper side relative to the first end 2614.
  • This scenario is suitable for the second end 2612 of the transition channel 131 to tilt to the right and upward relative to the first end 2613 of the channel.
  • Scenario 6 The second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 is offset to the left relative to the first end 2614, and the second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 is offset to the upper side relative to the first end 2614.
  • This scenario is suitable for the second end 2612 of the transition channel 131 to tilt to the left and upward relative to the first end 2613 of the channel.
  • Scenario 7 The second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 is offset to the left relative to the first end 2614, and the second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 is offset to the downward relative to the first end 2614.
  • This scenario is suitable for the second end 2612 of the transition channel 131 to tilt to the left and downward relative to the first end 2613 of the channel.
  • Scenario 8 The second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 is offset to the right relative to the first end 2614, and the second end 2615 of the inclined hole 265 is offset to the downward relative to the first end 2614.
  • This scenario is suitable for the second end 2612 of the transition channel 131 to tilt to the right and downward relative to the first end 2613 of the channel.
  • the housing structure 263 includes one or more sound outlet groups 269, which include a plurality of sound outlets 264 that cooperate with the same loudspeaker 13.
  • the mobile phone 1 includes a first speaker 13A and a second speaker 13B, meaning that the mobile phone 1 has two speakers 13.
  • two corresponding sound outlet groups 269 are provided on the housing structure 263.
  • the electronic device includes a number of speakers 13 other than two, a corresponding number of sound outlet groups 269 will also be provided on the housing structure 263.
  • multiple sound hole groups 269 refers to two or more sound hole groups 269, such as two, three, etc.
  • Case 1 The main body is provided with a sound outlet group 269, which includes an inclined hole 265.
  • the main body is provided with a sound outlet group 269, suitable for situations where only one speaker 13 is installed in the electronic device, and the second end 2612 of the speaker 13 transition channel 131 is inclined relative to the first end 2612 of the channel;
  • the sound outlet group 269 includes one or more sound outlet holes 264, at least one of which is an inclined hole 265, and in at least one direction the offset direction of the second hole end 2615 relative to the first hole end 2614 is the same as the offset direction of the second end 2612 of the channel relative to the first end 2613 of the channel.
  • Figure 21 illustrates the main body being provided with a sound outlet group 269.
  • Case 2 The main body is provided with two or more sound outlet groups 269, and some sound outlet groups 269 include inclined holes 265.
  • the main body is provided with two sets of sound outlet holes 269.
  • One set of sound outlet holes 269 includes an inclined hole 265, while the other set of sound outlet holes 269 does not include an inclined hole 265, meaning that all sound outlet holes 269 are straight holes 268.
  • the second end 2612 of the transition channel 131 is inclined relative to the first end 2613 of the channel.
  • the second end 2612 of the transition channel 131 of the speaker 13 is not inclined relative to the first end 613 of the channel, that is, the direction from the first end 2613 to the second end 2612 of the channel is consistent with the direction from the first side 266 to the second side 267.
  • This speaker 13 does not need a corresponding inclined sound outlet hole 264.
  • Case 3 The main body is provided with two or more sound outlet groups 269, and all sound outlet groups 269 include inclined holes 265.
  • the main body is provided with two sound outlet groups 269, each of which includes an inclined hole 265.
  • Each sound outlet group 269 corresponds to a speaker 13, and the second end 2612 of the transition channel 131 of the two speakers 13 is inclined relative to the first end 2613.
  • the inclination direction of the inclined hole 265 in the two sound outlet groups 269 may be different, and the inclination direction of the inclined hole 265 in the two sound outlet groups 269 corresponds to the inclination direction of the transition channel 131 of their respective speakers 13.
  • each sound outlet group 269 includes one or more sound outlets 264.
  • each sound outlet group 269 includes one, two, three, four, or five sound outlets 264.
  • the number of sound outlets 264 in each sound outlet group 269 can be reasonably set according to the actual situation.
  • the sound hole group 269 including the inclined hole 265 is the target sound hole group, and each sound hole 264 in all target sound hole groups is an inclined hole 265.
  • each sound hole 264 in the target sound hole group is an inclined hole 265, the sound quality of the loudspeaker 13 that is matched with the target sound hole group is improved, and the noise of the loudspeaker 13 is reduced.
  • all tilted holes 265 in the same target sound hole group have the same tilt angle.
  • the axis of the inclined hole 265 forms an angle ⁇ with the first direction. All inclined holes 265 are inclined at the same angle, meaning that the axis of each inclined hole 265 is at the same angle ⁇ with the first direction. In the same target sound outlet hole group, by setting all inclined holes 265 to be inclined at the same angle, the machining of the housing structure 263 is facilitated.
  • all tilt holes 265 have the same tilt angle.
  • the same tilt angle here includes the case within the error range, that is, when the tilt angle of the tilt hole 265 is different due to the error range, it is still considered that the tilt angle of the tilt hole 265 is the same.
  • the tilted holes 265 in the same target sound outlet group, it is not necessary to set all the tilted holes 265 to have the same tilt angle. That is, along the second direction, the further away the tilted hole 265 in the target sound outlet group is from the cooperating loudspeaker 13, the larger the angle between the axis of the tilted hole 265 and the first direction.
  • the second direction is the arrangement direction of the tilted holes.
  • Figure 23 illustrates the second speaker 13B, the second transition channel 13B5, and the second sound outlet 165.
  • the direction pointed to by arrow Y is called the right side
  • the direction away from arrow Y is called the left side.
  • Simulation results show that there are areas with no airflow on the left side of each second sound outlet 165; that is, the shaded area of each second sound outlet 165 in Figure 23 represents the area 2610 with no airflow, and the size of the area 2610 with no airflow in each second sound outlet 165 is different.
  • Each second sound outlet 165 can be tilted along the Y-axis, with the tilt gradually increasing to reduce the area 2610 with no airflow in each second sound outlet 165. This can help improve airflow during speaker vibration, thereby reducing noise.
  • high manufacturing precision is required.
  • the difference in tilt angle between two adjacent tilt holes 265 is related to the distance between the two tilt holes 265.
  • the tilt angle between two adjacent tilt holes 265 can differ by 0 to 10°. Since the tilt holes 265 are evenly spaced in the same target sound outlet group, the difference in tilt angle between any two adjacent tilt holes 265 can be set to be the same.
  • the housing structure further includes a narrow slit sound outlet 2611, which is connected to a sound outlet group 269 and a transition channel 131 of a loudspeaker 13 that cooperates with the sound outlet group 269.
  • a second sound outlet 165 and a sound outlet slit 166 are provided on the top of the outer structure 16.
  • the second sound outlet 165 is located on the top surface of the outer structure 16, and the sound outlet slit 166 is formed on the screen side of the mobile phone 1.
  • the second speaker 13B outputs sound in two modes: a lower volume earpiece mode and a higher volume external speaker mode. In earpiece mode, the power of the second speaker 13B is reduced to achieve a lower volume. In this mode, the user can pick up the mobile phone 1 and bring it close to their ear; the user can hear the sound through the sound outlet slit 166.
  • a narrow slit sound outlet 2611 is formed on the housing structure 263.
  • the function of the narrow slit sound outlet 2611 is the same as that of the existing related sound outlet slit 166. Please refer to Figure 24, which illustrates the narrow slit sound outlet 2611.
  • housing structure 263 is the mid-frame of the electronic device, or housing structure 263 is the mid-frame and rear shell of the electronic device.
  • the casing of mobile phone 1 typically includes a screen and a housing.
  • the housing typically includes a mid-frame and a back cover.
  • the screen, mid-frame, and back cover enclose to form the casing.
  • the sound outlet 264 that cooperates with the speaker 13 is located on the mid-frame. Therefore, in this embodiment, the casing structure 263 is defined as the mid-frame of an electronic device.
  • the mid-frame and rear shell of the electronic device are two separate components, while in other scenarios, the mid-frame and rear shell of the electronic device are an integral structure. Therefore, the shell structure 263 provided in this embodiment may be only the mid-frame, or it may be a shell formed by the mid-frame and the rear shell.
  • This embodiment provides an electronic device including one or more speakers 13 and a housing structure 263 described in any of the embodiments above.
  • the speaker 13 includes a front cavity 132, a rear cavity, and a transition channel 131.
  • the electronic device provided in this embodiment can be a mobile phone 1, tablet computer, laptop computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), in-vehicle computer, television, smart wearable device (such as smartwatch, smart bracelet, smart head-mounted display, smart glasses), smart home device, etc., equipped with a speaker 13.
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • in-vehicle computer television
  • smart wearable device such as smartwatch, smart bracelet, smart head-mounted display, smart glasses
  • smart home device etc.
  • the housing structure 263 is typically part of the electronic device housing.
  • the housing structure 263 includes a main body and a sound outlet 264.
  • the main body includes a first side and a second side, which are disposed opposite to each other.
  • the sound outlet 264 is disposed on the main body and communicates with the first side and the second side.
  • the loudspeaker 13 includes a core that divides the internal space of the loudspeaker 13 into a front cavity and a rear cavity.
  • a transition channel 131 connects the front cavity and the sound outlet.
  • the transition channel 131 includes a first channel end 2613 and a second channel end 2612. The first channel end 2613 is connected to the front cavity 132, and the second channel end 2612 is connected to at least a portion of the multiple sound outlets 264.
  • At least some of the multiple sound holes 264 are inclined holes 265.
  • the axis of the inclined hole 265 is at an angle to the first direction, which is the direction from the first side to the second side. Please refer to Figure 11.
  • the first direction is the X-axis direction.
  • the hole formed by the tilted hole 265 on the first side 266 is called the first hole end 2614
  • the hole formed by the tilted hole 265 on the second side 267 is called the second hole end 2615.
  • the offset direction of the second hole end 2615 relative to the first hole end 2614 is the same as the offset direction of the second end 2612 of the channel relative to the first end 2613 of the channel.
  • the airflow flowing in the transition channel 131 can flow more smoothly out through the angled aperture 265 when the speaker 13 is working, thereby improving the sound output of the speaker 13 and reducing noise.
  • the offset direction of the second hole end 2615 relative to the first hole end 2614 is the same as the offset direction of the second end of the channel 2612 relative to the first end of the channel 2613 in at least one direction
  • the offset direction of the second hole end 2615 relative to the first hole end 2614 in the second direction is the same as the offset direction of the second end of the channel 2612 relative to the first end of the channel 2613 in the second direction
  • the offset direction of the second hole end 2615 relative to the first hole end in the third direction is the same as the offset direction of the second end of the channel 2612 relative to the first end of the channel 2613 in the third direction, and both the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the third direction is the Z-axis direction in Figures 19 and 20.
  • the second direction can also be the Z-axis direction in Figures 19 and 20, in which case the third direction is the Y-axis direction in Figures 17 and 18.
  • Figures 17 and 18, which illustrate the offset of the second hole end 2615 relative to the first hole end 2614 in the Y-axis direction, and the offset of the second end of the channel 2612 relative to the first end of the channel 2613 also in the Y-axis direction; please refer to Figures 19 and 20, which illustrate the offset of the second hole end 2615 relative to the first hole end 2614 in the Z-axis direction, and the offset of the second end of the channel 2612 relative to the first end of the channel 2613 also in the Z-axis direction.
  • the offset direction of the second hole end 2615 relative to the first hole end 2614 is the same as the offset direction of the second end of the channel 2612 relative to the first end of the channel 2613 in at least one direction
  • the offset direction of the second hole end 2615 relative to the first hole end 2614 in the second direction is the same as the offset direction of the second end of the channel 2612 relative to the first end of the channel 2613 in the second direction
  • the offset direction of the second hole end 2615 relative to the first hole end in the third direction is the same as the offset direction of the second end of the channel 2612 relative to the first end of the channel 2613 in the third direction, both the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the number of loudspeakers 13 is one or more, and the housing structure 263 also includes one or more sound outlet groups 269.
  • the sound outlet group 269 includes a plurality of sound outlet holes 264 that cooperate with the same loudspeaker 13. That is, the number of sound outlet groups 269 is consistent with the number of loudspeakers 13. Each sound outlet group 269 corresponds to one loudspeaker 13.
  • the loudspeaker 13 that cooperates with the inclined hole 265 is the target loudspeaker.
  • speakers 13 there are two or more speakers 13. Not all speakers 13 in the electronic device are target speakers. That is, speakers 13 other than target speakers are non-target speakers.
  • the sound outlet 264 that cooperates with the non-target speakers is a straight hole 268. The axis of the straight hole 268 is perpendicular to the first side 266 and the second side 267.
  • the side of the transition channel 131 of the non-target loudspeaker closest to the front cavity of the loudspeaker 13 is called the first end, and the position where the transition channel 131 of the non-target loudspeaker connects to the straight hole is called the second end.
  • the direction from the first end to the second end is perpendicular to the axis of the straight hole, or the second end is deflected relative to the first end in a second direction or/and a third direction upward.
  • the housing structure 263 is the mid-frame of the electronic device, and the housing structure 263 and the screen 161 of the electronic device form a transition channel 131 for the target speaker.
  • the size of the target speaker can be reduced by forming a transition channel 131 around the target speaker by means of the housing structure 263 and the screen 161 of the electronic device.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种壳体结构及电子设备，属于电子设备技术领域。壳体结构包括主体部和多个出音孔；主体部包括第一侧面和第二侧面，第一侧面和第二侧面相对设置；多个出音孔设置于主体部，且多个出音孔连通第一侧面和第二侧面；多个出音孔用于与扬声器的过渡通道相连通，多个出音孔中的至少部分出音孔为倾斜孔，倾斜孔的轴线与第一方向存在夹角，第一方向为从第一侧面到第二侧面的方向。本申请通过设置倾斜孔，以便于在过渡通道流动的气流更顺畅的通过倾斜孔流出，实现通过改变出音孔的方向，即可以有效改善扬声器的出声情况，减少杂音，提升音质。

Description

壳体结构及电子设备
本申请要求于2024年7月19日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202410978661.5、申请名称为“壳体结构及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电子设备技术领域，特别涉及一种壳体结构及电子设备。
背景技术
扬声器俗称“喇叭”，是一种十分常用的电声换能器件，通常安装在发声的电子设备(如手机、平板电脑等)内部，扬声器包括前腔，扬声器与电子设备壳体之间形成有与前腔相连通的过渡通道，过渡通道与电子设备上的出音孔相连通。
用户在大音量下使用电子设备时，扬声器前腔内部气流流速过快会导致产生湍流，湍流会产生杂音，且现有的电子设备，扬声器的过渡通道与出音孔的方向不一致，易导致湍流加剧、产生涡流等，使得杂音效果进一步增加，影响用户体验。
发明内容
本申请提供一种壳体结构及电子设备，以解决现有技术中电子设备通过扬声器发声杂音相对大的技术问题。
所述技术方案如下：
本申请第一方面提供一种壳体结构，包括：主体部和多个出音孔；
主体部包括第一侧面和第二侧面，第一侧面和第二侧面相对设置；
多个出音孔设置于主体部，且多个出音孔连通第一侧面和第二侧面；
多个出音孔用于与扬声器的过渡通道相连通，多个出音孔中的至少部分出音孔为倾斜孔，倾斜孔的轴线与第一方向存在夹角，第一方向为从第一侧面到第二侧面的方向。
通过设置倾斜孔以用于改善扬声器的杂音，实现不改变扬声器的结构且对电子设备的结构改动小的情况下即可有效改善扬声器的出音，即实现通过改变出音孔的方向，就可有效改善扬声器的出声情况，减少杂音，提升音质，提高用户体验。
在一些实现方式中，壳体结构还包括一个或多个出音孔组，出音孔组包括多个出音孔中与同一扬声器相配合的出音孔。
电子设备中设置扬声器的数量为一个以上，每个扬声器对应一个出音孔组，即根据需求，设置合理数量的出音孔组。
在一些实现方式中，出音孔组包括目标出音孔组，目标出音孔组中的所有出音孔均为倾斜孔。
通过设置目标出音孔组中的各出音孔均为倾斜孔，利于减少扬声器出声杂音，提升音质。
在一些实现方式中，目标出音孔组中的所有倾斜孔的轴线与第一方向的夹角均相同。
通过设置同一目标出音孔组中各出音孔倾斜角度相同，可便于壳体结构的生产制造。
在一些实现方式中，沿第二方向，目标出音孔组中的倾斜孔越远离相配合的扬声器，倾斜孔的轴线与第一方向的夹角越大，其中，第二方向为倾斜孔的排列方向。
为更好地改善扬声器振动时气流的流动情况，发现气流在每个出音孔的流向有差异，而设置沿靠近扬声器的方向到远离扬声器的方向，倾斜孔的倾斜角度逐渐增大，可有利于改善扬声器振动时气流的流动，进而有利于减小杂音。
在一些实现方式中，壳体结构还包括窄缝出音孔，窄缝出音孔与一个出音孔组、出音孔组相配合的扬声器的过渡通道相连通。
该实现方式中，实现扬声器有两种输出声音的模式，一种是音量较小的听筒模式，一种是音量较大的外放模式。听筒模式下，通过降低扬声器的功率实现小音量发声，此时，使用者可以将手机拿起并将手机靠进耳朵，使用者通过窄缝出音孔可以听到声音；在外放模式下，通过提高扬声器的功率实现大音量发声，声音可通过出音孔组传出。
在一些实现方式中，倾斜孔的轴线与第一方向的夹角范围为0～60°。
该实现方式中，在实现在满足气流更顺畅的通过倾斜孔流出的同时，结合现有电子设备的结构尺寸情况，可实现加工生产。
在一些实现方式中，壳体结构为中框；或者，壳体结构为中框和后壳。
通常电子设备的壳体包括屏幕、中框和后壳，出音孔通常设置在中框上，当壳体结构应用于电子设备上时，壳体结构可作为中框；当然，可以结构也可以为中框和后壳组起来的结构。
本申请第二方面提供一种电子设备，包括一个或多个扬声器和如上述任一技术方案提供的壳体结构，扬声器包括前腔、后腔和过渡通道。
通过上述技术方案，由于电子设备包括上述壳体结构，因此至少具备壳体结构的所有有益效果，在此不再赘述。
在一些实现方式中，过渡通道包括通道第一端和通道第二端，通道第一端与前腔连通，通道第二端与多个出音孔中的至少部分出音孔连通。
即该实现方式中，若包括多个扬声器，则通道第二端与对应的出音孔相连通；当包括一个扬声器时，通道第二端与壳体结构上所有的出音孔相连通。
在一些实现方式中，出音孔在第一侧面上形成第一孔端，出音孔在第二侧面上形成第二孔端；沿至少一个方向，第二孔端相对于第一孔端的偏移方向与通道第二端相对于通道第一端偏移的方向相同。
该实现方式中，依据过渡通道的通道第一端和通道第二端的偏移情况设置倾斜孔，以实现减少扬声器出声杂音，提升音质。
在一些实现方式中，第二孔端相对于第一孔端在第二方向上的偏移方向与通道第二端相对于通道第一端在第二方向上的偏移方向相同，或者，第二孔端相对于第一孔端在第三方向上的偏移方向与通道第二端相对于通道第一端在第三方向上的偏移方向相同，第二方向和第三方向均与第一方向相垂直。
该实现方式中，倾斜孔在第二方向或第三方向一个方位上与扬声器过渡通道的偏移请情况相同，在减少扬声器出声杂音、提升音质的情况下，可方便倾斜孔的加工。
在一些实现方式中，第二孔端相对于第一孔端在第二方向上的偏移方向与通道第二端相对于通道第一端在第二方向上的偏移方向相同，以及，第二孔端相对于第一孔端在第三方向上的偏移方向与通道第二端相对于通道第一端在第三方向上的偏移方向相同，第二方向和第三方向均与第一方向相垂直。
该实现方式中，倾斜孔在第二方向和第三方向两个方位上均与扬声器过渡通道的偏移请情况相同，以进一步减少扬声器出声杂音，提升音质。
附图说明
图1是现有相关手机处理器、音频模块以及扬声器、受话器以及麦克风连接的框图；
图2是现有相关手机的结构示意图；
图3是现有相关手机的主视示意图；
图4是图3中第一扬声器沿X方向的剖视示意图；
图5示意出了第一扬声器的第一过渡通道与第一出音孔之间配合的示意图；
图6是图3中A-A向的剖视示意图；
图7是图3中B-B向的剖视示意图；
图8是现有相关第二扬声器第二过渡通道与第二出音孔的示意图；
图9是图8的主视示意图；
图10是图8的右视示意图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的手机的结构示意图；
图12是图11中A处的局部放大图；
图13是本申请实施例提供的手机的部分结构示意图；
图14是本申请实施例提供的过渡通道与倾斜孔相配合的一种示意图；
图15是本申请实施例提供的过渡通道与倾斜孔相配合的另一种示意图；
图16是本申请实施例提供的过渡通道与倾斜孔相配合的另一种示意图；
图17是本申请实施例提供的手机的部分结构示意图(示意出倾斜孔向右倾斜)；
图18是本申请实施例提供的手机的部分结构示意图(示意出倾斜孔向左倾斜)；
图19是本申请实施例提供的过渡通道与倾斜孔相配合的示意图(示意出倾斜孔向下倾斜)；
图20是本申请实施例提供的过渡通道与倾斜孔相配合的示意图(示意出倾斜孔向上倾斜)；
图21是本申请实施例提供的手机的结构示意图；
图22是本申请实施例提供的手机的另一结构示意图；
图23示意出了模拟仿真时出音孔未流气流区域；
图24是本申请实施例提供的手机的部分结构示意图(示意出了窄缝出音孔)。
其中，各附图标号所代表的含义分别为：
1、手机；
11、处理器；12、音频模块；13、扬声器；14、内部存储器；15、麦克风；16、外部
结构；
161、屏幕；162、后壳；
相关技术：
13A、第一扬声器；13B、第二扬声器；
13A1、第一内核；13A2、第一壳体；13A3、前腔区域；13A4、后腔区域；13A5、第
一过渡通道；
13B1、第二内核；13B2、第二壳体；13B3、前腔空间；13B4、后腔空间；13B5、第
二过渡通道；
163、中框；164、第一出音孔；165、第二出音孔；166、出音窄缝；
本申请：
131、过渡通道；132-前腔；
263、壳体结构；264、出音孔；265、倾斜孔；266、第一侧面；267、第二侧面；268、
直孔；269、出音孔组；2610、未流气流区域；2611、窄缝出音孔；2612、通道第二端；2613、通道第一端；2614、第一孔端；2615、第二孔端。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请的实施方式作进一步地详细描述。通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
为了便于清楚描述本申请的技术方案，采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请中，“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系；例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
需要说明的是，本申请中，“在一个实施例中”、“示例性地”、“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“在一个实施例中”、“示例性地”、“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其他实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“在一个实施例中”、“示例性地”、“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。
在对本申请实施例提供的壳体结构进行详细的解释说明之前，先对现有相关技术以及扬声器的应用场景予以说明。
现有的一些电子设备，如手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，简称PDA)、车载电脑、电视、智能穿戴式设备(如智能手表、智能手环、智能头戴显示器、智能眼镜)、智能家居设备等，均设置有扬声器。
扬声器是一种将电能转换成声能的转换器(transducer)，具体是把放大器的电信号转换成振膜的机械振动，进而使周围的空气产生疏密的变化，推动周围的空气产生波动，最终形成可听的声音。扬声器具体的工作原理如下：当扬声器接收到电信号时，内部的线圈会产生磁场，这个磁场与永久磁铁相互作用，使线圈产生振动。扬声器的振动膜(通常是纸或塑料薄片)也会随之振动，推动周围的空气产生波动，最终形成可听的声音。扬声器转换电信号为声音信号的过程，依赖于电磁感应产生的力以及振动膜的振动，这一过程能够将变化的电流信号转换为声音信号。
请参见图1-图10，下面以手机1为例，具体说明现有相关扬声器13的使用场景。
手机1包括外部结构16以及设置在外部结构16内的处理器11、内部存储器14、天线、通信模块、音频模块12、传感器模块、扬声器13(包括第一扬声器13A和第二扬声器13B)以及麦克风15等等。外部结构16包括屏幕161以及壳体，壳体包括中框163和后壳162，屏幕161可以是柔性屏或硬性屏，沿手机1的厚度方向，屏幕161、中框163和后壳162依次固定并围合形成外部结构16。
为了便于下文描述，将手机1的长度方向定义为X轴方向，将手机1的宽度方向定义为Y轴方向，将手机1的厚度方向定义为Z轴方向。X轴方向、Y轴方向和Z轴方向两两相互垂直。沿X轴方向，手机1的两端分别定义为顶端和底端。
请参见图1，示意出了处理器11、音频模块12以及第一扬声器13A等连接的框图。音频模块12、存储器14与处理器11相连接，音频模块12用于将数字音频信号转换成模拟音频信号输出，也用于将模拟音频信号输入转换为数字音频信号。音频模块12与第一扬声器13A、第二扬声器13B以及麦克风15相连接，比如，音频模块12将数字音频信号转换成模拟音频信号输出，然后再通过扬声器13播出。
麦克风15，也称为“话筒”，用于将声音信号转换为电信号。当拨打电话或发送语音信息时，用户可以通过人嘴靠近麦克风15发声，将声音信号输入到麦克风15。
第一扬声器13A和第二扬声器13B用于将音频电信号转换为声音信号。请参见图2和图3，为手机1的示意图，同时示意出了第一扬声器13A和第二扬声器13B，第一扬声器13A靠近手机1的底部，第二扬声器13B靠近手机1的顶部。
关于第一扬声器13A，请参见图2和图3，在手机1的壳体的底部设置有第一出音孔164。第一扬声器13A内形成有第一过渡通道13A5，第一过渡通道13A5与第一出音孔164相连通。第一扬声器13A振动产生的声音由第一过渡通道输出后，进一步由第一出音孔164输出至手机1外。在手机1外放模式下可通过第一扬声器13A发声。
关于第一扬声器13A的结构，请参见图4，第一扬声器13A包括第一壳体13A2和第一内核13A1，第一壳体13A2用于支撑并固定第一内核13A1，第一内核13A1位于第一壳体13A2内，第一壳体13A2与第一内核13A1配合可以围成前腔区域13A3和后腔区域13A4，前腔区域13A3和后腔区域13A4分别形成第一扬声器13A的前腔和后腔。扬声器的后腔的主要作用是防止扬声器中低频的声短路，使低频声音有力度，让人感觉声音圆润。扬声器前腔的最主要作用是调整频率响应，通过合理设计前腔的体积、形状和结构，可以对扬声器的中高频频率响应进行优化，以达到期望的声学性能。第一扬声器13A形成有第一过渡通道13A5，第一过渡通道13A5连通第一扬声器13A的前腔区域13A3与第一出音孔164。请参见图3，第一出音孔164为直孔，即第一出音孔164的轴线与图3中的X轴相平行；参见图4，图4为第一扬声器13A沿图3中X轴方向的剖视示意图，第一过渡通道13A5靠近前腔区域13A3的一侧到远离前腔区域13A3的一侧向上倾斜，所以，当第一扬声器13A工作时，气流在第一过渡通道13A5与第一出音孔164的流向不同。
用户在外放模式大音量下使用手机1的第一扬声器13A时，第一扬声器13A的前腔内部气流流速过快会导致产生湍流，湍流会产生杂音，且第一扬声器13A的第一过渡通道13A5与第一出音孔164的方向不一致，易导致湍流加剧以及形成涡流等，使得杂音效果进一步增加，影响用户体验。请参见图5，带实线的箭头b表示气流在第一过渡通道13A5流动，带虚线的箭头a表示气流在第一出音孔164流动，从箭头表示的方向可以看出，第一过渡通道13A5与第一出音孔164两者气流的流向不同。
关于第二扬声器13B，在外部结构16的顶部设置有第二出音孔165以及出音窄缝166，第二出音孔165位于外部结构16的顶面上，出音窄缝166形成于手机1的屏幕侧，请参见图2和图3，示意出了出音窄缝166。第二扬声器13B与外部结构16之间形成第二过渡通道13B5，第二出音孔165以及出音窄缝166均与第二过渡通道13B5相连通。请参见图6，图6为图3中A-A向剖视视图的部分结构示意图，从图6中可以看出第二出音孔165以及出音窄缝166均与第二过渡通道13B5相连通。第二扬声器13B振动产生的声音由第二过渡通道13B5输出后，进一步由第二出音孔165和出音窄缝166输出至手机1外。
第二扬声器13B输出声音有两种模式，一种是音量较小的听筒模式，一种是音量较大的外放模式。听筒模式下，通过降低第二扬声器13B的功率实现小音量发声，此时，使用者可以将手机1拿起并将手机1靠进耳朵，使用者通过出音窄缝166可以听到声音；在外放模式下，通过提高第二扬声器13B的功率实现大音量发声。
关于第二扬声器13B的结构，请参见图7，图7为图3中B-B向的剖视示意图，图7中示意出了第二扬声器13B。第二扬声器13B包括第二壳体13B2和第二内核13B1，第二壳体13B2用于支撑并固定第二内核13B1。第二壳体13B2与第二内核13B1相配合形成第二扬声器13B的后腔空间13B4，即第二扬声器13B的后腔，第二内核13B1与手机1的屏幕161以及中框163形成第二扬声器13B的前腔空间13B3，即第二扬声器13B的前腔。手机1的外部结构16内形成有第二过渡通道13B5，第二出音孔165通过第二过渡通道13B5与前腔空间13B3相连通，出音窄缝166通过第二过渡通道13B5与前腔空间13B3相连通。第二内核13B1在通电工作时，可以推动前腔空间13B3内的空气振动以形成声音，由此将音频电信号转换为声音信号，该声音可由第二过渡通道13B5以及第二出音孔165和出音窄缝166传递到手机1的外侧。
请参见图8，示意出了第二内核13B1、前腔空间13B3、第二过渡通道13B5以及第二出音孔165。图9为图8的主视示意图，图10为图8的右视示意图。
为了避开手机1内摄像头、电路板等一些电元器件，请参见图9，前腔空间13B3与第二出音孔165在图中Y轴方向错位设置，第二出音孔165为直孔，第二出音孔165的轴线与X轴方向相平行。请参见图10，示意图出了第二出音孔165在图中Z轴方向靠近第二过渡通道13B5的下侧。
请再参见图9和图10，图9和图10中示意出了第二扬声器13B发声时气流在第二过渡通道13B5与第二出音孔165内的流通情况，带实线的箭头b表示气流在第二过渡通道13B5流动，带虚线的箭头a表示气流在第二出音孔165流动，从图9和图10中箭头的表示的方向可以看出，第二过渡通道13B5与第二出音孔165两者气流的流向不同。
用户在外放模式大音量下使用手机1的第二扬声器13B时，第二扬声器13B的前腔内部气流流速过快会导致产生湍流，湍流会产生杂音，且参见图9和图10，由于第二过渡通道13B5与第二出音孔165两者气流的流向不同，易导致湍流加剧以及形成涡流等，使得杂音效果进一步增加，影响用户体验。
本申请旨在改变电子设备上出音孔的方向，以便于气流在出音孔的流向尽量与气流在过渡通道内的流动方向相一致，使得过渡通道内的气流顺畅的通过出音孔流出，以改善扬声器13在大音量下的出音情况，降低杂音。
下面结合附图，对本申请实施例提供的壳体结构进行详细的解释说明。
本申请实施例提供一种壳体结构263，包括主体部和多个出音孔264，多个出音孔264设置在主体部上，出音孔264用于与扬声器13的过渡通道131相配合。
壳体结构263为一设置有与扬声器13相配合的出音孔264的部件，通常作为电子设备壳体的一部分，或者作为电子设备的整个壳体。请参见图11，示意出了手机1，示意出了当壳体结构263应用于手机时的示意图。
关于主体部，可以理解为壳体结构263上除出音孔264以外的结构均称为主体部。
扬声器13包括外壳体和内核，关于扬声器13的过渡通道131，如前文介绍，可如上文中的第一扬声器13A，即在扬声器13的外壳体上形成过渡通道131；或者，如上文中的第二扬声器13B，即电子设备的壳体形成与扬声器13前腔相连通的过渡通道131；或者，扬声器13的外壳体内形成前段过渡通道，前段过渡通道与扬声器13的前腔相连通，电子设备的壳体内形成有后段过渡通道，前段过渡通道与后段过渡通道形成过渡通道131。
出音孔264配合扬声器13的过渡通道131，即当扬声器13工作时，扬声器13前腔内的气流通过过渡通道131流向出音孔264，并通过出音孔264流出，以便于将声波传出。
请参见图11，示意出了扬声器13以及与扬声器13配合的过渡通道131，同时示意出了过渡通道131与出音孔264相连通。
请参见图12，为图11中A处的局部放大图。出音孔264设置在主体部上，具体为：主体部包括第一侧面266和第二侧面267，第一侧面266和第二侧面267相对设置，出音孔264设置于主体部上且连通第一侧面266和第二侧面267，第一方向为从第一侧面266到第二侧面267，多个出音孔264中的至少部分出音孔264为倾斜孔265，倾斜孔265的轴线与第一方向存在夹角a，参见图12，第一方向与图12中X轴的方向相平行，第一方向与倾斜孔265的轴线存在夹角a。
关于第一方向与倾斜孔265轴线的夹角a，夹角a的取值范围为0＜a＜90°，即倾斜孔265的轴线不与第一方向相平行。可根据过渡通道131，合理设置夹角a的大小。示例性的，倾斜孔的轴线与第一方向的夹角范围为0～60°，实现在满足气流更顺畅的通过倾斜孔265流出的同时，结合现有电子设备的结构尺寸情况，可实现加工生产。
本实施例中，倾斜孔265的轴线与第一方向存在夹角，以用于改善扬声器13的杂音。即通过设置为倾斜孔265，以便于扬声器13工作时，在过渡通道131流动的气流更顺畅的通过倾斜孔265流出，以改善扬声器13的出声情况，减少杂音。
本实施例中，通过设置倾斜孔265以用于改善扬声器13的杂音，实现不改变扬声器13的结构且对电子设备的结构改动较小的情况下，即可有效改善扬声器13的出音，即实现通过改变出音孔的方向，就可有效改善扬声器的出声情况，减少杂音，提升音质，提高用户体验。
本实施例中，多个出音孔264中至少部分出音孔264为倾斜孔265，请参见图13，示意出了与同一过渡通道131相连通的出音孔264中，部分出音孔264为倾斜孔265，部分出音孔264为直孔268。这里的直孔268，指的是轴线与第一方向相平行的出音孔264为直孔268。
当与同一过渡通道131相连通的出音孔264中，部分出音孔264为倾斜孔265时，优选靠近扬声器13的部分出音孔264为倾斜孔265，远离扬声器13的出音孔264为直孔268。请参见图13，示意出了倾斜孔265和直孔268，倾斜孔265相对于直孔268更靠近扬声器13。由于在仿真模拟中，发现在靠近扬声器13的出音孔264其内的流速大于远离扬声器13出音孔264的流速，所以，通过至少将靠近扬声器13的出音孔264设置为倾斜孔265，相对更利于改善扬声器13的出声情况，减少杂音。
本实施例中，出音孔264的横截面形状为圆形，或者，出音孔264的横截面形状为椭圆形。
上文介绍，倾斜孔265的轴线与第一方向存在夹角，以用于改善扬声器13的杂音，关于倾斜孔265的倾斜方向，具体说明如下：
过渡通道131连通扬声器13前腔132的位置称为通道第一端2613，过渡通道131连通出音孔264的位置称为通道第二端2612；第一侧面266靠近过渡通道131，倾斜孔265在第一侧面266上形成的孔称为第一孔端2614，倾斜孔265在第二侧面267上形成的孔称为第二孔端2615，至少在一个方向上第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614的偏移方向与通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613偏移的方向相同。
当扬声器13振动时，扬声器13的前腔132产生气流，气流通过过渡通道131的通道第一端2613流向通道第二端2612，然后通过倾斜孔265的第一孔端2614流向第二孔端2615，由于至少在一个方向上第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614的偏移方向与通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613偏移的方向相同，利于过渡通道131内的气流更顺畅的通过倾斜孔265流出，以用于改善扬声器13的杂音。
上文具体解释了第二扬声器13B，以第二扬声器13B具体说明如下：请参见图14，示意出了扬声器13的过渡通道131与壳体结构263上倾斜孔265相配合的示意图。图14中箭头Y指向的方位称为右侧，背离箭头Y指向的方向称为左侧。图中14，因为通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613偏向右侧，气流在过渡通道131内的流动方向为从左侧偏向右侧流动，倾斜孔265的倾斜方向为从左侧偏向右侧，即第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614偏向右侧，气流在倾斜孔265内的流动方向为从左侧偏向右侧流动，利于过渡通道131内的气流更顺畅的通过倾斜孔265流出，以用于改善扬声器13的杂音。
这里，要说明的是，图14中的虚线方框代表相应的端部，同理其他附图中虚线方框代表相应的端部。
对于上述倾斜孔265的倾斜方向为从左侧偏向右侧时，倾斜孔265的倾斜角度可以分为上述三种情况：
情况一：
请参见图14，图14中用实线箭头b示意出了过渡通道131内气流的流动方向，用虚线箭头a示意出了气流在出音孔264内的流动方向，其中，图14中实线箭头b与虚线箭头a相平行，此时，倾斜孔265倾斜的角度可以达到很好的改善扬声器13发音的效果，减缓现有因为气流在过渡通道131内的流动方向与气流在出音孔264内的流动方向不同而产生的杂音。
情况二：
请参见图15，示意出了扬声器13的过渡通道131与壳体结构263上倾斜孔265相配合的示意图。图15中用实线箭头b示意出了过渡通道131内气流的流动方向，用虚线箭头a示意出了气流在出音孔264内的流动方向，其中，图15中实线箭头b与虚线箭头a不平行，实线箭头b与图15中Y方向的夹角小于虚线箭头a与Y方向的夹角。相对于X轴，倾斜孔265的偏转角度小于图14中倾斜孔265的偏转角度。虽然改善扬声器13发音的效果不如上述情况一，但相对于现有相关技术，仍能具有改善扬声器13发音的作用。
情况三：
请参见图16，示意出了扬声器13的过渡通道131与壳体结构263上倾斜孔265相配合的示意图。图16中用实线箭头b示意出了过渡通道131内气流的流动方向，用虚线箭头a示意出了气流在出音孔264内的流动方向，其中，图16中实线箭头b与虚线箭头a不平行，实线箭头b与图16中Y方向的夹角大于虚线箭头a与Y方向的夹角。相对于X轴，倾斜孔265的偏转角度大于图14中倾斜孔265的偏转角度。虽然改善扬声器13发音的效果不如上述情况一，但相对于现有相关技术，仍能具有改善扬声器13发音的作用。
要说明的是，图14-图16中的箭头示意出的气流流动方向仅为大致的示意图。
前文介绍到，第二扬声器13B的第二过渡通道13B5不仅在一个方向上(图9中平行Y轴的方向上)偏移，同时还在另一方向上(图10中平行Z轴的方向上)偏移，虽然图14-图16中倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614仅在Y轴方向的偏移上与第二过渡通道13B5的偏移相同(即图14-图16中倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614在Z轴方向上不偏移)，仍能具有改善扬声器13发音的作用。即至少在一个方向上第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614的偏移方向与通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613偏移的方向相同，就能利于过渡通道131内的气流更顺畅的通过倾斜孔265流出。
当然，对于第二扬声器13B的第二过渡通道13B5，也可以设置倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614在Z轴方向上向上偏移，或者，设置倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614不仅在Y轴方向的偏移，同时在Z轴方向上向上偏移，即倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614在两个方向上偏移，利于过渡通道131内的气流更顺畅的通过倾斜孔265流出。
上文结合第二扬声器13B，说明了至少在一个方向上第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614的偏移方向与通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613偏移的方向相同，以改善扬声器13发音。接下来，针对不同扬声器13(不同扬声器13其过渡通道131的偏向不同)的场景下进一步描述壳体结构263上的倾斜孔265倾斜的方向。
在描述之前，相对方位进行限定，定义第一方向为图17-图20中的X轴方向，即前后方向，定义第二方向为图17-图20中的Y轴方向，即左右方向，定义第三方向为图17-图20中的Z轴方向，即上下方向。
场景一：倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614向右侧偏移。
该场景适合于过渡通道131的通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613向右倾斜。
请参见图17，示意出了扬声器13的过渡通道131与壳体结构263上出音孔264相配合的主视示意图。倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614向右侧偏移，过渡通道131的通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613向右偏移，气流在过渡通道131内的流动方向为从左侧偏向右侧流动，气流在倾斜孔265内的流动方向为从左侧偏向右侧流动。
场景二：倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614向左侧偏移。
该场景适合于过渡通道131的通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613向左倾斜。
请参见图18，示意出了扬声器13的过渡通道131与壳体结构263上出音孔264相配合的主视示意图。倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614向左侧偏移，过渡通道131的通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613向左偏移，气流在过渡通道131内的流动方向为从右侧偏向左侧流动，气流在倾斜孔265内的流动方向为从右侧偏向左侧流动。
场景三：倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614向下侧偏移。
该场景适合于过渡通道131的通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613向下倾斜。
请参见图19，图19示意出了扬声器13的过渡通道131与壳体结构263上出音孔264相配合的主视示意图。倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614向下侧偏移，过渡通道131的通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613向下偏移，气流在过渡通道131内的流动方向为从上侧偏向下侧流动，气流在倾斜孔265内的流动方向为从上侧偏向下侧流动。
场景四：倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614向上侧偏移。
该场景适合于过渡通道131的通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613向上倾斜。
请参见图20，图20示意出了扬声器13的过渡通道131与壳体结构263上出音孔264相配合的主视示意图。倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614向上侧偏移，过渡通道131的通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613向上偏移，气流在过渡通道131内的流动方向为从下侧偏向上侧流动，气流在倾斜孔265内的流动方向为从下侧偏向上侧流动。
场景五：倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614向右侧偏移，且倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614向上侧偏移。
该场景适合于过渡通道131的通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613向右倾斜以及向上倾斜。
场景六：倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614向左侧偏移，且倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614向上侧偏移。
该场景适合于过渡通道131的通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613向左倾斜以及向上倾斜。
场景七：倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614向左侧偏移，且倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614向下侧偏移。
该场景适合于过渡通道131的通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613向左倾斜以及向下倾斜。
场景八：倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614向右侧偏移，且倾斜孔265的第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614向下侧偏移。
该场景适合于过渡通道131的通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613向右倾斜以及向下倾斜。
接下来，对出音孔264进一步介绍。
在一种实施中，壳体结构263包括一个或多个出音孔组269，出音孔组包括多个出音孔264中与同一扬声器13相配合的出音孔264。
如前文所述，描述了手机1包括第一扬声器13A和第二扬声器13B，即手机1内设置有两个扬声器13。此时，壳体结构263上对应设置两个出音孔组269。当然，当电子设备包括除两个以外其他数量个扬声器13时，壳体结构263上也会设置相对应数量的出音孔组269。
本实施例中，多个出音孔组269指的是两个以上出音孔组269，比如，出音孔组269为两个、三个等等。
本实施例中，包括有以下三种情况：
情况一：主体部设置一个出音孔组269，该出音孔组269包括有倾斜孔265。
主体部设置一个出音孔组269，适合于电子设备内只设置一个扬声器13的情况，且扬声器13过渡通道131的通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2612倾斜；出音孔组269包括一个以上出音孔264，至少一个出音孔264为倾斜孔265，至少在一个方向上第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614的偏移方向与通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613偏移的方向相同。请参见图21，示意出了主体部设置一个出音孔组269。
情况二：主体部设置两个以上出音孔组269，部分出音孔组269包括有倾斜孔265。
比如，主体部设置两个出音孔组269，其中一个出音孔组269包括有倾斜孔265，而另外一个出音孔组269不包括倾斜孔265，即该出音孔组269均为直孔268。此时，适合于电子设备有两个扬声器13，其中一个扬声器13过渡通道131的通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613倾斜。另一个扬声器13中，扬声器13过渡通道131的通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端613不偏斜，即通道第一端2613到通道第二端2612的方向与第一侧面266到第二侧面267的方向一致，该扬声器13不需要对应倾斜的出音孔264。
另外，如果电子设备有两个扬声器13，这两个扬声器13过渡通道131的通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613都存在偏斜，虽然其中一组的出音孔组269不包括倾斜孔265，但相对于现有相关技术，已改善其中一个扬声器13的出音情况，相对于现有相关技术仍有进步。请参见图21，示意出了主体部设置两个出音孔组269。
情况三：主体部设置两个以上出音孔组269，所有出音孔组269均包括有倾斜孔265。
比如，主体部设置两个出音孔组269，两个出音孔组269均包括有倾斜孔265。每个出音孔组269分别对应一扬声器13，两个扬声器13过渡通道131的通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613都存在偏斜。两个出音孔组269中，倾斜孔265的倾斜方向可以不相同，两个出音孔组269中，倾斜孔265的倾斜方向分别对应各自扬声器13过渡通道131的偏斜方向。
在本实施例中，每个出音孔组269包括一个以上出音孔264，比如，每个出音孔组269包括一个、两个、三个、四个或五个出音孔264。关于每个出音孔组269中出音孔264的数量，可以根据实际情况做合理的设置。
在一种实施中，包括倾斜孔265的出音孔组269为目标出音孔组，所有目标出音孔组中各出音孔264均为倾斜孔265。
通过设置目标出音孔组中各出音孔264均为倾斜孔265，以改善与目标出音孔组相配合的扬声器13出音的质量，改善扬声器13杂音情况。
在一种实施中，同一目标出音孔组中，全部倾斜孔265的倾斜角度相同。
请参见图12，倾斜孔265的轴线与第一方向存在夹角a，全部倾斜孔265倾斜的角度相同即为各倾斜孔265的轴线分别与第一方向的角度a相同。同一目标出音孔组中，通过设置全部倾斜孔265倾斜的角度相同，以便于壳体结构263的加工。
对于同一扬声器13(扬声器13过渡通道131的通道第二端相对于通道第一端倾斜偏斜)，对倾斜的出音孔264与直孔268对比进行仿真模拟，会达到如下结果：
(1)倾斜的出音孔264相对于直孔268，气动噪声声功率分布显著下降；
(2)倾斜的出音孔264相对于直孔268，气动噪声频谱下降；
(3)倾斜的出音孔264相对于直孔268，A计权总声压级由69dB变成60dB；
(4)单频激励下宽频噪声(气流杂音)对比显示斜孔方案收益明显；
(5)频响实验基本无差异。
同一目标出音孔组中，优选全部倾斜孔265的倾斜角度相同。这里的倾斜角度相同包括了误差范围内的情况，即对于在误差范围内导致倾斜孔265的倾斜角度有差异时，仍认定为倾斜孔265的倾斜角度相同。
在一种实施中，在同一目标出音孔组中，可不用设置全部倾斜孔265倾斜的角度相同，即沿第二方向，目标出音孔组中的倾斜孔265越远离相配合的扬声器13，倾斜孔265的轴线与第一方向的夹角越大，其中，第二方向为倾斜孔的排列方向。
请参见图23，图23示意出了第二扬声器13B、第二过渡通道13B5以及第二出音孔165。图23中箭头Y指向的方位称为右侧，背离箭头Y指向的方向称为左侧。通过仿真模拟，发现每个第二出音孔165的左侧区域会存在未有气流的地方，即图23中每个第二出音孔165的阴影部分表示未流气流区域2610，且每个第二出音孔165中未流气流区域2610的大小不相同。可设置各第二出音孔165倾斜且沿Y轴的方向，各第二出音孔165的倾斜程度逐渐增大，以减小每个第二出音孔165未流气流区域2610，可有利于改善扬声器振动时气流的流动，进而有利于减小杂音。但是，从加工的角度上考虑，加工精度高。
相邻的两个倾斜孔265之间倾斜角度的大小差异，与两个倾斜孔265之间的间距相关。示例性的，相邻的两个倾斜孔265中，倾斜孔265之间的倾斜角度可以相差0～10°。由于同一目标出音孔组中，各倾斜孔265为等间距分布，所以，可设置任意相邻的两个倾斜孔265倾斜角度的差值相同。
接下来，对于壳体结构263的主体部进一步介绍。
在一种实施中，壳体结构还包括窄缝出音孔2611，窄缝出音孔2611与一个出音孔组269、出音孔组269相配合的扬声器13的过渡通道131相连通。
上文记载，请参见图2和图3，在外部结构16的顶部设置有第二出音孔165以及出音窄缝166，第二出音孔165位于外部结构16的顶面上，出音窄缝166形成于手机1的屏幕侧。第二扬声器13B输出声音有两种模式，一种是音量较小的听筒模式，一种是音量较大的外放模式。听筒模式下，通过降低第二扬声器13B件的功率实现小音量发声，此时，使用者可以将手机1拿起并将手机1靠进耳朵，使用者通过出音窄缝166可以听到声音。
本实施例中，在壳体结构263上形成有窄缝出音孔2611，窄缝出音孔2611的功能与现有相关出音窄缝166的作用相同。请参见图24，示意出了窄缝出音孔2611。
在一种实施中，壳体结构263为电子设备的中框，或者，壳体结构263为电子设备的中框和后壳。
如前文以手机1为例的描述中，手机1的壳体通常包括屏幕以及壳体，壳体包括通常包括中框和后壳，沿手机1的厚度方向，屏幕、中框和后壳围合形成壳体，通常，壳体上与扬声器13相配合的出音孔264设置在中框上。所以，本实施例中，限定了壳体结构263为电子设备的中框。
具体地，在一些场景中，电子设备的中框与后壳为两个分体部件，在另一些场景中，电子设备的中框与后壳为一体结构。所以，本实施例提供的壳体结构263，可仅为中框，或者，为中框和后壳形成的壳体。
下面对本申请实施例提供的电子设备进行详细的解释说明。
本实施提供例一种电子设备，包括一个或多个扬声器13和上文任一实施例描述的壳体结构263，扬声器13包括前腔132、后腔和过渡通道131。
本实施例提供的电子设备，可以为手机1、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，简称PDA)、车载电脑、电视、智能穿戴式设备(如智能手表、智能手环、智能头戴显示器、智能眼镜)、智能家居设备等设置有扬声器13的设备。
壳体结构263通常作为电子设备壳体的一部分，壳体结构263包括主体部和出音孔264，主体部包括第一侧面和第二侧面，第一侧面和第二侧面相对设置；出音孔264设置于主体部上且连通第一侧面和第二侧面。
扬声器13包括内核，内核将扬声器13内部的空间分隔为前腔和后腔，过渡通道131连通前腔与出音孔，具体地，过渡通道131包括通道第一端2613和通道第二端2612，通道第一端2613与前腔132连通，通道第二端2612与多个出音孔264中的至少部分出音孔264连通。
多个出音孔264中的至少部分出音孔264为倾斜孔265，倾斜孔265的轴线与第一方向存在夹角，第一方向为第一侧面到第二侧面的方向，请参见图11，图11中，第一方向即为X轴方向。
关于倾斜孔265的倾斜方向，具体为：倾斜孔265在第一侧面266上形成的孔称为第一孔端2614，倾斜孔265在第二侧面267上形成的孔称为第二孔端2615，至少在一个方向上第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614的偏移方向与通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613偏移的方向相同。
通过设置为倾斜孔265，以便于扬声器13工作时，在过渡通道131流动的气流更顺畅的通过倾斜孔265流出，以改善扬声器13的出声情况，减少杂音。
关于至少在一个方向上第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614的偏移方向与通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613偏移的方向相同，在一种示例中，第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614在第二方向上的偏移方向与通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613在第二方向上的偏移方向相同，或者，第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端在第三方向上的偏移方向与通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613在第三方向上的偏移方向相同，第二方向和第三方向均与第一方向相垂直。
若第二方向为图17和图18中Y轴方向，则第三方向为图19和图20中Z轴的方向。当然，第二方向也可以为图19和图20中Z轴的方向，则第三方向为图17和图18中Y轴方向。请参见图17和图18，示意出了第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614在Y轴方向偏移，且通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613也在Y轴方向上的偏移；请参见图19和图20，示意出了第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614在Z轴方向偏移，且通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613也在Z轴方向上的偏移。
关于至少在一个方向上第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614的偏移方向与通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613偏移的方向相同，在一种示例中，第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端2614在第二方向上的偏移方向与通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613在第二方向上的偏移方向相同，以及，第二孔端2615相对于第一孔端在第三方向上的偏移方向与通道第二端2612相对于通道第一端2613在第三方向上的偏移方向相同，第二方向和第三方向均与第一方向相垂直。
扬声器13的数量为一个或多个，壳体结构263还包括一个或多个出音孔组269，出音孔组269包括多个出音孔264中与同一扬声器13相配合的出音孔264，即出音孔组269的数量与扬声器13的数量相一致，每个出音孔组269分别对应一扬声器13，与倾斜孔265相配合的扬声器13为目标扬声器。
在一种实施例中，扬声器13为两个以上，电子设备中所有的扬声器13均为目标扬声器，以改善电子设备中各扬声器13发音时的杂音。
在一种实施例中，扬声器13为两个以上，电子设备中并非所有的扬声器13为目标扬声器，即除目标扬声器以外的扬声器13为于非目标扬声器，且与非目标扬声器相配合的出音孔264为直孔268，直孔268的轴线与第一侧面266和第二侧面267相垂直。
非目标扬声器的过渡通道131靠近扬声器13前腔的一侧称为第一端，非目标扬声器的过渡通道131连通直孔的位置称为第二端，第一端到第二端的方向与直孔的轴线相垂直，或者，第二端相对于第一端在第二方向或/和第三方向上发生偏转。
在一种实施例中，壳体结构263为电子设备的中框，壳体结构263和电子设备的屏幕161围成目标扬声器的过渡通道131。
通过壳体结构263和电子设备的屏幕161围成目标扬声器的过渡通道131，可减小目标扬声器的体积大小。
以上所述实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种壳体结构，其特征在于，包括：主体部和多个出音孔；
    所述主体部包括第一侧面和第二侧面，所述第一侧面和所述第二侧面相对设置；
    所述多个出音孔设置于所述主体部，且所述多个出音孔连通所述第一侧面和所述第二侧面；
    所述多个出音孔用于与扬声器的过渡通道相连通，所述多个出音孔中的至少部分出音孔为倾斜孔，所述倾斜孔的轴线与第一方向存在夹角，所述第一方向为从所述第一侧面到所述第二侧面的方向。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的壳体结构，其特征在于，所述壳体结构还包括一个或多个出音孔组，所述出音孔组包括所述多个出音孔中与同一扬声器相配合的出音孔。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的壳体结构，其特征在于，所述出音孔组包括目标出音孔组，所述目标出音孔组中的所有出音孔均为倾斜孔。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的壳体结构，其特征在于，所述目标出音孔组中的所有倾斜孔的轴线与所述第一方向的夹角均相同。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的壳体结构，其特征在于，沿第二方向，所述目标出音孔组中的倾斜孔越远离相配合的扬声器，所述倾斜孔的轴线与所述第一方向的夹角越大，其中，所述第二方向为所述倾斜孔的排列方向。
  6. 如权利要求2-5中任一项所述的壳体结构，其特征在于，所述壳体结构还包括窄缝出音孔，所述窄缝出音孔与一个所述出音孔组、所述出音孔组相配合的扬声器的过渡通道相连通。
  7. 如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的壳体结构，其特征在于，所述倾斜孔的轴线与所述第一方向的夹角范围为0～60°。
  8. 如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的壳体结构，其特征在于，所述壳体结构为中框；或者，所述壳体结构为中框和后壳。
  9. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括：一个或多个扬声器和权利要求1-8中任一项所述壳体结构；
    所述扬声器包括前腔、后腔和过渡通道。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述过渡通道包括通道第一端和通道第二端，所述通道第一端与所述前腔连通，所述通道第二端与所述多个出音孔中的至少部分出音孔连通。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述出音孔在所述第一侧面上形成第一孔端，所述出音孔在所述第二侧面上形成第二孔端；
    沿至少一个方向，所述第二孔端相对于所述第一孔端的偏移方向与所述通道第二端相对于所述通道第一端偏移的方向相同。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述第二孔端相对于所述第一孔端在第二方向上的偏移方向与所述通道第二端相对于所述通道第一端在第二方向上的偏移方向相同，或者，所述第二孔端相对于所述第一孔端在第三方向上的偏移方向与所述通道第二端相对于所述通道第一端在第三方向上的偏移方向相同，所述第二方向和所述第三方向均与所述第一方向相垂直。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述第二孔端相对于所述第一孔端在第二方向上的偏移方向与所述通道第二端相对于所述通道第一端在第二方向上的偏移方向相同，以及，所述第二孔端相对于所述第一孔端在第三方向上的偏移方向与所述通道第二端相对于所述通道第一端在第三方向上的偏移方向相同，所述第二方向和所述第三方向均与所述第一方向相垂直。
PCT/CN2025/094671 2024-07-19 2025-05-13 壳体结构及电子设备 Pending WO2026016604A1 (zh)

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