WO2025256512A1 - 无线充能方法和相关装置 - Google Patents

无线充能方法和相关装置

Info

Publication number
WO2025256512A1
WO2025256512A1 PCT/CN2025/100105 CN2025100105W WO2025256512A1 WO 2025256512 A1 WO2025256512 A1 WO 2025256512A1 CN 2025100105 W CN2025100105 W CN 2025100105W WO 2025256512 A1 WO2025256512 A1 WO 2025256512A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
merging
circuit
terminal device
information
type
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2025/100105
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘雅婷
李成
吴方舟
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025256512A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025256512A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
    • H02J50/27—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves characterised by the type of receiving antennas, e.g. rectennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/80—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the exchange of data, concerning supply or distribution of electric power, between transmitting devices and receiving devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/21—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of wireless charging, and more particularly to a wireless charging method and related apparatus.
  • IoT nodes With the development of wireless networks and the evolution of business needs, a massive number of Internet of Things (IoT) nodes exist in the network. These IoT nodes are low-cost, small in size, and cannot carry large-capacity batteries, facing the problem of short standby life. To solve this problem, a current approach is to charge IoT nodes using radio electromagnetic waves emitted by base stations in cellular mobile communication networks.
  • This application provides a wireless charging method and related apparatus to improve charging efficiency.
  • this application provides a wireless charging method, which can be executed by a terminal device, or by a component (such as a chip, chip system, etc.) configured in the terminal device, or by a logic module or software capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the terminal device.
  • a component such as a chip, chip system, etc.
  • a logic module or software capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the terminal device. This application does not limit the method in this regard.
  • the wireless charging method includes: sending first information to a network device, the first information indicating the merging type of a merging circuit included in the terminal device, the merging circuit merging the energy of a received charging signal, different merging types corresponding to different merging methods of the charging signal, and the charging signal being used to charge the terminal device.
  • merging can be interpreted as: the merging circuit obtains the energy to charge the terminal device based on the charging signals received by each antenna.
  • the terminal device after receiving the first request from the network device, the terminal device sends first information to the network device.
  • the first request is used to request the terminal device to provide feedback on the first information.
  • the merging methods of the charging signals are different for different merging types.
  • the merging types include any one of the following: a first merging type, a second merging type, or a third merging type.
  • the merging circuit is a first merging circuit that converts radio frequency signals or intermediate frequency signals into DC signals and merges the converted DC signals.
  • the merging circuit is a second merging circuit that merges radio frequency signals or intermediate frequency signals and converts the merged signal into a DC signal.
  • the merging circuit includes a first merging circuit and a second merging circuit. One part of the antenna in the terminal device is connected to the first merging circuit, and another part of the antenna in the terminal device is connected to the second merging circuit.
  • the network device can determine whether the terminal device includes a second merging circuit. If the network device determines that the terminal device includes a second merging circuit, it can also feed back a first weight vector obtained by the network device based on channel measurement results. This first weight vector is used by the merging circuit on the terminal device side to process the received charging signal (e.g., phase shifting), thereby increasing the charging efficiency of the terminal device.
  • the method further includes: receiving second information from the network device, the second information being used by the terminal device to determine a first weight vector, the first weight vector being used by the second merging circuit to merge the energy of the received charging signal.
  • the second information includes one or more of the following: information indicating the first channel coefficient, the first channel coefficient, the first weight vector, or an index of the first weight vector.
  • the terminal device can send a first reference signal to the network device.
  • the network device obtains a first measurement result of the channel based on the received first reference signal, then obtains a first weight vector based on the first measurement result, and sends second information to the terminal device for the terminal device to determine the first weight vector.
  • the network device may send third information to the terminal device, the third information indicating the frequency domain resources of the charging signal, the frequency domain resources of the charging signal being based on the first measurement result.
  • the terminal device receives the charging signal on the indicated frequency domain resources.
  • the method further includes: sending fourth information to the network device, the fourth information being used to determine the second weight vector, and the second weight vector being used by the network device to process the charging signal to be sent.
  • the network device can send a second reference signal to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device obtains a second measurement result of the channel based on the received second reference signal, then obtains a second weight vector based on the second measurement result, and sends fourth information to the network device for the network device to determine the second weight vector.
  • the network device can obtain the beamforming charging signal to be transmitted based on the second weight vector. It can be understood that through beamforming, the charging signal transmitted by the network device has a certain spatial directionality, thereby concentrating radio frequency energy towards the terminal device to charge it, thus improving the charging efficiency of the terminal device.
  • the fourth information includes one or more of the following: information indicating the second channel coefficient, the second channel coefficient, the second weight vector, or an index of the second weight vector.
  • the first information includes information indicating the circuit type of the circuit corresponding to each antenna port of the terminal device; the circuit type of the circuit corresponding to each antenna port is either a first circuit type or a second circuit type.
  • the circuit type when the circuit type is the first type, the circuit is used to convert radio frequency signals or intermediate frequency signals into DC signals and merge the converted DC signals.
  • the circuit type when the circuit type is the second type, the circuit is used to merge radio frequency signals or intermediate frequency signals and convert the merged signals into DC signals.
  • the terminal device will also specifically indicate the circuit type of the circuit corresponding to each antenna port to the network device, so that the network device can determine the first weight vector to be sent to the terminal device based on this information.
  • the first information when the merging type of the merging circuit is the second merging type, the first information also includes information for indicating the number of antenna ports included in the terminal device.
  • the terminal device does not need to report the circuit type of the circuit corresponding to each antenna port, thus saving signaling overhead.
  • the first information when the merging type of the merging circuit is a first merging type, the first information also includes information for indicating the number of antenna ports included in the terminal device.
  • the terminal device does not need to report the circuit type of the circuit corresponding to each antenna port, thus saving signaling overhead.
  • the method further includes: sending fifth information to a network device, the fifth information indicating a first frequency band, the first frequency band being a frequency band that the terminal device can use to receive charging signals; wherein the frequency domain resources of the charging signals sent by the network device are located within the first frequency band.
  • the network device sends a sixth piece of information to the terminal device.
  • This sixth piece of information indicates to the terminal device a second frequency band supported by the network device for charging.
  • the terminal device determines a first frequency band that can be used to receive charging signals based on its own supported frequency bands and the second frequency band. For example, the terminal device obtains the first frequency band by taking the intersection of its own supported frequency bands and the second frequency band.
  • this application provides a wireless charging method, which can be executed by a network device, or by a component (such as a chip, chip system, etc.) configured in the network device, or by a logic module or software capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the network device.
  • a component such as a chip, chip system, etc.
  • a logic module or software capable of realizing all or part of the functions of the network device. This application does not limit the method in this regard.
  • the wireless charging method includes: receiving first information from a terminal device, the first information indicating the merging type of a merging circuit included in the terminal device, the merging circuit merging the energy of the received charging signal, different merging types corresponding to different merging methods of the charging signal, and the charging signal being used to charge the terminal device.
  • the merge type includes any of the following: a first merge type, a second merge type, or a third merge type.
  • the merging circuit When the merging type is the first merging type, the merging circuit is a first merging circuit that converts radio frequency signals or intermediate frequency signals into DC signals and merges the converted DC signals; when the merging type is the second merging type, the merging circuit is a second merging circuit that merges radio frequency signals or intermediate frequency signals and converts the merged signals into DC signals; when the merging type is the third merging type, the merging circuit includes a first merging circuit and a second merging circuit, a portion of the antennas in the terminal device is connected to the first merging circuit, and another portion of the antennas in the terminal device is connected to the second merging circuit.
  • the network device can determine whether to feed back the first weight vector to the terminal device based on the merging type reported by the terminal device.
  • the first weight vector is used by the merging circuit on the terminal device side to process the received charging signal (e.g., phase shifting), thereby increasing the charging efficiency of the terminal device.
  • the method further includes: sending a first request to a terminal device, the first request being used to request the terminal device to provide first information.
  • the method further includes: sending second information to the terminal device, the second information being used by the terminal device to determine a first weight vector, the first weight vector being used by the second merging circuit to merge the energy of the received charging signal.
  • the second information includes one or more of the following: information indicating the first channel coefficient, the first channel coefficient, the first weight vector, or an index of the first weight vector.
  • the method further includes: receiving a first reference signal sent by a terminal device; obtaining a first measurement result based on the first reference signal; and determining a first weight vector based on the first measurement result and first information.
  • the method further includes: sending third information to a terminal device, the third information indicating the frequency domain resources of a charging signal, the frequency domain resources of the charging signal being based on a first measurement result.
  • the method further includes: receiving fourth information sent by a terminal device, the fourth information being used by the network device to determine a second weight vector, and the second weight vector being used by the network device to process the charging signal to be sent.
  • the fourth information includes one or more of the following: information indicating the second channel coefficients, the second channel coefficients, the second weight vector, or an index of the second weight vector.
  • the method further includes: sending a second reference signal to a terminal device; wherein the second reference signal is used by the terminal device to obtain a second measurement result, and the second measurement result is used by the terminal device to determine a second weight vector.
  • the first information includes information indicating the circuit type of the circuit corresponding to each antenna port of the terminal device; the circuit type of the circuit corresponding to each antenna port is either a first circuit type or a second circuit type; wherein, when the circuit type corresponding to the circuit is the first circuit type, the circuit is used to convert the radio frequency signal or intermediate frequency signal into a DC signal and combine the converted DC signals; when the circuit type corresponding to the circuit is the second circuit type, the circuit is used to combine the radio frequency signal or intermediate frequency signal and convert the combined signal into a DC signal.
  • the first information when the merging type of the merging circuit is the second merging type, the first information also includes information for indicating the number of antenna ports included in the terminal device.
  • the method further includes: receiving fifth information from a terminal device, the fifth information indicating a first frequency band, the first frequency band being a frequency band that the terminal device can use to receive charging signals; wherein the frequency domain resources of the charging signals sent by the network device are located within the first frequency band.
  • the method further includes: sending sixth information to a terminal device, the sixth information being used to indicate to the terminal device a second frequency band supported by the network device for charging; wherein the first frequency band is obtained based on the second frequency band and the first frequency band is located within the second frequency band.
  • this application provides an apparatus including modules or units for implementing the methods of the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof. It should be understood that each module or unit can implement its corresponding function by executing a computer program.
  • this application provides a communication device including modules or units for implementing the methods of the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof. It should be understood that each module or unit can implement its corresponding function by executing a computer program.
  • an apparatus comprising a processor and a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause a method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be implemented, or cause a method as described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be implemented.
  • a sixth aspect provides an apparatus comprising a processing circuit for processing data and/or information such that a method as in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof is implemented, or a method as in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof is implemented.
  • the processing circuit may include one or more processors, or all or part of the circuitry in one or more processors used for control or processing functions.
  • the apparatus may further include a memory for storing programs or instructions, and the processor for running the programs or instructions to implement the methods as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof, or to implement the methods as described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof.
  • the device may also include the transceiver circuit, or an input/output interface.
  • a chip including processing circuitry for running a program or instructions to cause the method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be implemented, or to cause the method as described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be implemented.
  • the chip may further include a memory for storing programs or instructions.
  • the chip may also include transceiver circuitry, or input/output interfaces.
  • an apparatus comprising one or more processors and a communication circuit, the communication circuit being used by the apparatus to perform at least one of signal input or output; the one or more processors being used to implement a method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof, or to implement a method as described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof.
  • a ninth aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the method as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be implemented, or cause the method as described in the second aspect or any possible implementation thereof to be implemented.
  • a computer program product comprising computer program code or instructions, which, when executed, cause the method as described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof to be implemented, or cause the method as described in the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof to be implemented.
  • a communication system including means for performing the first or second aspect and any possible implementation thereof.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system based on a split architecture network device
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a network device chip architecture provided in this application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of several different scenarios in which the wireless charging method provided in this application can be applied;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of a wireless charging method in the prior art
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of the wireless charging method provided in this application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic flowchart of three merging types of the merging circuit provided in this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a wireless charging method provided in another embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the time-frequency resource occupancy rules of the embodiment shown in Figure 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a wireless charging method provided in another embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the time-frequency resource occupancy rules of the embodiment shown in Figure 9;
  • FIGS 11 and 12 are schematic block diagrams of the apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application.
  • prefixes such as “first” and “second” in this application is solely for the purpose of distinguishing and describing different things belonging to the same category, and does not constrain the order, size, or quantity of things.
  • first information and second information are simply different pieces of information, and there is no temporal sequence, size, or priority relationship between them.
  • “send” and “receive” indicate the direction of signal transmission.
  • “send first information to a network device” can be understood as the destination of the information being the network device, which may include direct transmission via the air interface or indirect transmission via the air interface from other units or modules.
  • “Receive first information from a terminal device” can be understood as the source of the first information being the terminal device, which may include direct reception from the terminal device via the air interface or indirect reception from the terminal device via the air interface from other units or modules.
  • “Send” can also be understood as the "output” of the chip interface, and “receive” can also be understood as the "input” of the chip interface.
  • sending and receiving can occur between devices, such as between network devices and terminal devices; or they can occur within a device, such as between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within a device via a bus, wiring, or interface.
  • At least one means one or more, and “more than one” means two or more.
  • “And/or” describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist.
  • a and/or B can mean: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates an “or” relationship between the preceding and following related objects, but it does not exclude the possibility of indicating an "and” relationship; the specific meaning can be understood in context.
  • At least one of the following” or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items.
  • At least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c; a and b; a and c; b and c; or a and b and c.
  • a, b, and c can be single or multiple.
  • the indication includes direct indication (also known as explicit indication) and indirect indication (also known as implicit indication).
  • Direct indication information A refers to information A; indirect indication information A can refer to indicating information A through the correspondence between information A and information B and direct indication information B; or it can refer to indicating information A through a preset rule that can be used to determine A based on B and direct indication information B.
  • the correspondence between information A and information B, and the preset rule can be predefined, pre-stored, pre-burned, or pre-configured.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • FDD Frequency Division Duplex
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • SL sidelink
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
  • WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
  • 5G mobile communication systems can include non-standalone (NSA) and/or standalone (SA) networking.
  • NSA non-standalone
  • SA standalone
  • the technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to future communication systems, such as future mobile communication systems. This application does not limit the scope of these applications.
  • the terminal equipment involved in the embodiments of this application can also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent, or user device.
  • a terminal device can be a device that provides voice and/or data connectivity to a user, such as a handheld device or vehicle-mounted device with wireless connectivity.
  • examples of such terminals include: mobile phones, tablets, laptops, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, wireless terminals in smart grids, and wireless terminals in transportation safety.
  • the embodiments of this application do not limit the scope to wireless terminals in smart cities, smart homes, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem, wearable devices, terminal devices in 5G networks, or terminal devices in future evolved public land mobile networks (PLMNs).
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • PDAs personal digital assistants
  • handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities computing devices or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem
  • wearable devices wearable devices
  • terminal devices in 5G networks or terminal devices in future evolved public land mobile networks (PLMNs).
  • PLMNs public land mobile networks
  • the terminal device can also be an IoT node.
  • IoT is an important component of future information technology development. Its main technical characteristic is connecting objects to networks via communication technologies, thereby achieving an intelligent network that enables human-machine interaction and machine-to-machine interaction. Connections can be made through broadband or narrowband technologies. IoT technology, for example, can achieve massive connectivity, deep coverage, and low power consumption on terminals using narrowband (NB) technology. IoT technologies include reflective communication technology, spread spectrum technology, and ultra-wideband (UWB), which will not be elaborated further.
  • NB narrowband
  • UWB ultra-wideband
  • the terminal device can also be a wearable device.
  • Wearable devices also known as wearable smart devices, are a general term for devices that utilize wearable technology to intelligently design and develop everyday wearables, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes.
  • Wearable devices are portable devices that are worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories.
  • Wearable devices are not merely hardware devices, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction.
  • wearable smart devices include those that are feature-rich, large in size, and can achieve complete or partial functions without relying on a smartphone, such as smartwatches or smart glasses, as well as those that focus on a specific type of application function and require the use of other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.
  • the device for implementing the functions of the terminal device can be the terminal device itself, or it can be any device capable of supporting the terminal device in implementing those functions, such as a chip system.
  • This device can be installed in or used in conjunction with the terminal device.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete components.
  • This embodiment only uses the terminal device as an example to illustrate the device for implementing the functions of the terminal device, and does not constitute a limitation on the solution of this embodiment.
  • the radio access network (RAN) devices involved in the embodiments of this application are devices with wireless transceiver capabilities.
  • RAN devices can provide wireless communication services, enabling terminal devices to access the wireless network.
  • a radio access network can also be called an access network device or a network device.
  • the RAN device can refer to a radio access network (RAN) node (or device) used in a cellular network (or mobile network) to connect terminal devices to the wireless network; it can also be a Zigbee base station, a Bluetooth master, a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) master, a LoRa base station, or a Wi-Fi access point.
  • RAN radio access network
  • RAN equipment can be, for example, a base station.
  • a base station can broadly encompass, or be replaced by, various names such as: NodeB, evolved NodeB (eNB), next-generation NodeB (gNB), relay station, access point, transmitting and receiving point (TRP), transmitting point (TP), master station, auxiliary station, motor slide retainer (MSR) node, home base station, network controller, access node, wireless node, access point (AP), transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), radio unit (RU), positioning node, etc.
  • NodeB evolved NodeB
  • gNB next-generation NodeB
  • TRP transmitting and receiving point
  • TP transmitting point
  • MSR motor slide retainer
  • home base station network controller, access node, wireless node, access point (AP), transmission node, transceiver node, baseband unit (
  • a base station can be a macro base station, micro base station, relay node, donor node, or a combination thereof.
  • a base station can also refer to a device used to install communication modules, modems, or chips within the aforementioned equipment or apparatus.
  • a base station can also be a mobile switching center, equipment performing base station functions in D2D, V2X, and M2M communications, network-side equipment in future communication networks, or equipment performing base station functions in future communication systems.
  • a base station can support networks using the same or different access technologies.
  • a RAN node can also be a server, wearable device, vehicle, or in-vehicle equipment.
  • the access network equipment in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can be a roadside unit (RSU).
  • V2X vehicle-to-everything
  • RSU roadside unit
  • RAN nodes collaborate to assist terminals in achieving wireless access, with different RAN nodes each implementing some of the base station's functions.
  • RAN nodes can be CUs, DUs, CU-CPs, CU-UPs, or RUs.
  • CUs and DUs can be configured separately or included in the same network element, such as a BBU.
  • RUs can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as RRUs, AAUs, or RRHs.
  • RAN nodes can support one or more types of fronthaul interfaces, each corresponding to a DU and RU with different functions. If the fronthaul interface between the DU and RU is a common public radio interface (CPRI), the DU is configured to implement one or more baseband functions, and the RU is configured to implement one or more radio frequency functions.
  • CPRI common public radio interface
  • some downlink and/or uplink baseband functions such as, for downlink, precoding, digital beamforming (BF), or one or more of inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT)/cyclic prefix addition (CP), are moved from the DU to the RU; and for uplink, one or more of digital beamforming (BF), or fast Fourier transform (FFT)/cyclic prefix removal (CP), are moved from the DU to the RU.
  • the interface can be an enhanced common public radio interface (eCPRI).
  • eCPRI enhanced common public radio interface
  • the segmentation between DU and RU differs, corresponding to different categories (Cat) of eCPRI, such as eCPRI Cat A, B, C, D, E, F.
  • the processing unit in the BBU used to implement baseband functions is called the baseband high (BBH) unit
  • the processing unit in the RRU/AAU/RRH used to implement baseband functions is called the baseband low (BBL) unit.
  • CU or CU-CP and CU-UP
  • DU or RU
  • RU may also be called O-RU.
  • O-RAN open-RAN
  • CU may also be called O-CU (open CU)
  • DU may also be called O-DU
  • CU-CP may also be called O-CU-CP
  • CU-UP may also be called O-CU-UP
  • RU may also be called O-RU.
  • Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application may be implemented through a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of software and hardware modules.
  • the RAN device e.g., an eNB, gNB, or next-generation access network device
  • the BBU in the RAN device communicates with the core network device via the backhaul link
  • the RU in the RAN device communicates with at least one terminal via an air interface.
  • the BBU communicates with at least one RU via a fronthaul link (FH).
  • the BBU and RU may or may not be co-located.
  • the BBU may include at least one CU and at least one DU, which can communicate with each other via a midhaul link.
  • the apparatus for implementing the functions of a network device can be a network device itself; it can also be an apparatus capable of supporting the network device in implementing those functions, such as a chip system, hardware circuit, software module, or a hardware circuit plus a software module.
  • This apparatus can be installed in the network device or used in conjunction with the network device.
  • the example of a network device being used to implement the functions of a network device is provided only and does not constitute a limitation on the solutions described in this embodiment.
  • the network device in this application can be a hardware device, a software function running on dedicated hardware, or a software function running on general-purpose hardware. It can also be a virtualized device, for example, implemented through general-purpose hardware and instantiated virtualization functions, or dedicated hardware and instantiated virtualization functions.
  • general-purpose hardware can be a server, such as a cloud server.
  • the chip is divided into a CU, DU, and RU.
  • the CU is a platform that performs layer 2 (L2) and layer 3 (L3) functions; the midhaul and backhaul interfaces carry traffic between the CU and DU, and between the CU and the core network; the DU performs layer 1 (L1) and some L2 functions; the RU performs L1 computation and radio frequency (RF) digital functions; the fronthaul and backhaul interfaces carry traffic between the RU and DU, and between the CU and DU; the RU is connected to an antenna, which can be used to transmit and receive RF signals.
  • An integrated DU includes the functions of both the DU and RU.
  • the CU/DU hardware includes a chassis platform, motherboard, peripherals, and cooling system.
  • the motherboard contains processing units, memory, internal input/output (I/O) interfaces, and external connection ports.
  • I/O input/output
  • Its hardware accelerators are designed with interfaces, and hardware functional components include: storage for software, hardware, and system debugging interfaces, and a single-board management controller.
  • the CU/DU hardware includes a chassis platform, motherboard, peripherals, and cooling system.
  • the motherboard contains processing units, memory, internal I/O interfaces, and external connection ports.
  • Its hardware accelerator is designed with interfaces, and hardware functional components include: storage for software, hardware, and system debugging interfaces, and a single-board management controller.
  • DU systems are typically implemented using multi-core processors and one or more hardware accelerators.
  • Parts of the DU protocol stack can be implemented in software running on the multi-core processor, while computationally intensive L1 and L2 functions can be offloaded to a field-programmable gate array (FPGA)/graphics processing unit (GPU)-based hardware accelerator or other accelerators; or all L1 functions can be offloaded to an FPGA/GPU-based hardware accelerator or other accelerator, while other protocol stack content is implemented in software running on the processor; or the entire protocol stack can be implemented in software running on the processor.
  • Hardware accelerators support interconnection with x86 or non-x86 processors.
  • accelerators have a multi-channel peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) interface pointing to the central processing unit (CPU) and external connections via GbE (Gigabit Ethernet).
  • PCIe peripheral component interconnect express
  • the RU consists of three parts: the RAN FH processing unit, the digital processing unit (DPU), and the RF processing unit.
  • the RAN FH processing unit of the O-RU can be an O-RAN processing unit (OPU).
  • OPU receives enhanced common public radio interface (eCPRI) frames from the O-RAN fronthaul and performs fronthaul interface processing, the lowest level L1 (coding, scrambling, modulation, layer mapping, precoding), synchronization, beamforming, and resource unit mapping.
  • eCPRI enhanced common public radio interface
  • the OPU can be implemented as a CPU, FPGA, or application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).
  • the DPU performs synchronization, digital downconversion (DDC) (digital downconversion in uplink (UL)), digital upconversion (DUC) (digital upconversion in downlink (DL)), crest factor reduction (CFR), and digital pre-distortion (DPD) to improve power amplifier efficiency by reducing the peak-to-average power ratio (PARP)/adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) of the RF front end.
  • the DPU can be implemented as an FPGA or ASIC.
  • the RF processing unit of the O-RU includes a transceiver module, up/downconverters, power amplifiers (PA), low-noise amplifiers (LNA), and transmit (Tx)/receive (Rx) filters.
  • DAC digital-to-analog converter
  • ADC analog-to-digital converter
  • RF sampling frequency conversion using RF in up-conversion and down-conversion, and mixing of intermediate frequency (IF) and local oscillator (LO)
  • IF intermediate frequency
  • LO local oscillator
  • the apparatus for implementing the functions of a network device can be a network device itself; it can also be an apparatus capable of supporting the network device in implementing those functions, such as a chip system, hardware circuit, software module, or a hardware circuit plus a software module.
  • This apparatus can be installed in the network device or used in conjunction with the network device.
  • the example of a network device being used to implement the functions of a network device is provided only and does not constitute a limitation on the solutions described in this embodiment.
  • Network devices and/or terminal devices can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can also be deployed in the air on airplanes, balloons, and satellites. This application does not limit the scenario in which the network devices and terminal devices are located.
  • terminal devices and network devices can be hardware devices, or software functions running on dedicated hardware or general-purpose hardware, such as virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform), or entities that include dedicated or general-purpose hardware devices and software functions. This application does not limit the specific form of the terminal devices and network devices.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of several scenarios applicable to the embodiments of this application. These include point-to-point transmission between a base station and a terminal, or between terminals (as shown in Figure 3(a)), multi-hop transmission between a base station and a terminal (as shown in Figure 3(b) and Figure 3(c)), dual connectivity (DC) between multiple RAN devices and terminals (as shown in Figure 3(d)), or multiple connections.
  • point-to-point transmission between a base station and a terminal or between terminals (as shown in Figure 3(a)
  • multi-hop transmission between a base station and a terminal
  • DC dual connectivity
  • multiple RAN devices and terminals as shown in Figure 3(d)
  • the specific communication application scenarios described above are merely examples and do not constitute a limitation.
  • the embodiments of this application are applicable to many business scenarios, such as data encoding scenarios in extended reality (XR) services and high-capacity uplink scenarios.
  • XR extended reality
  • WPT wireless energy transfer
  • wireless charging may also be referred to as “charging,” “energy transfer,” “charging,” “wireless energy transfer,” “wireless charging,” “wireless energy transmission,” “radio frequency energy transmission,” “radio frequency energy transfer,” “radio frequency charging,” “radio frequency charging,” etc., and such descriptions do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application.
  • charging will be used for all descriptions.
  • An antenna port is a logical concept.
  • An antenna port typically refers to a set of resource elements (REs) with specific resources used to transmit a particular signal. For example, in LTE's Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS) and NR and LTE's CSI-RS, each antenna port has its own RE position or code division position. Based on these parameters, the signal transmitted on that antenna port can be determined, allowing for channel estimation and obtaining the channel information for that antenna port.
  • the concept of an antenna port differs from that of a physical antenna because it is a logical abstraction and does not involve specific physical implementations. Unlike the logical concept of an antenna port, a physical antenna is a physical, concrete concept.
  • a physical antenna generally refers to the physical channel on a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) or Active Antenna Unit (AAU) that includes filters and power amplifiers, i.e., the number of antennas (T and R) commonly referred to in the device.
  • RRU Remote Radio Unit
  • AAU Active Antenna Unit
  • a physical antenna is a physical entity, and each physical antenna has corresponding physical components such as power amplifiers and filters.
  • antenna ports and downlink reference signals can have a one-to-one correspondence: if the same reference signal is transmitted through multiple physical antennas, then these physical antennas correspond to one antenna port. This means that one physical port can correspond to one physical antenna, and one antenna port can correspond to one reference signal. Multiple physical ports can be mapped to the same antenna port.
  • Channel state information includes channel-related information between the terminal device and the access network device, used to indicate the channel state between them.
  • channel state information includes at least one of the following: signal strength value, amplitude and phase of channel coefficients, or the rank of the channel matrix.
  • the signal strength value can also be called the signal energy value, and can be the reference signal receiving power (RSRP) or the received signal strength indication (RSSI).
  • RSRP reference signal receiving power
  • RSSI received signal strength indication
  • Channel coefficients can be frequency domain channel coefficients or time domain channel coefficients.
  • Channel coefficient The signal transmitted by the transmitter travels through the channel to the receiver.
  • the signal received by the receiver can be represented as the transmitted signal multiplied by the channel coefficient. Therefore, the channel coefficient describes the changes in the transmitted signal as it travels through the channel.
  • the channel coefficient can be in the frequency domain or the time domain, and can be expressed by the following simple mathematical formula: Formula 1:
  • x represents the signal transmitted by the transmitter
  • y represents the signal received by the receiver
  • n represents the noise signal.
  • h represents the time-domain channel coefficient.
  • h represents the frequency-domain channel coefficient.
  • the channel coefficient can be estimated using a channel estimation algorithm.
  • the channel estimation algorithm can be the least squares (LS) channel estimation algorithm, the minimum mean square error (MMSE) algorithm, or the linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) algorithm, or other channel estimation algorithms, which will not be elaborated on here.
  • the wireless signal used to charge the terminal device i.e., the charging signal
  • the wireless signal used to charge the terminal device can be at least one of the following:
  • a signal used to transmit data that is, to achieve the function of energy transmission at the same time as communication.
  • Signals used to transmit control signaling such as signals carried by the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) and/or the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH).
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • PDCCH physical downlink control channel
  • Reference signals For example, CSI-RS, demodulation reference signal (DMRS), positioning reference signal (PRS), or phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc.
  • DMRS demodulation reference signal
  • PRS positioning reference signal
  • PTRS phase tracking reference signal
  • Dedicated non-communication signals such as single-frequency signals transmitted at a certain frequency point, on a certain subcarrier, or within a certain frequency band, such as sine wave signals.
  • charging signals can also be other wireless signals, such as square wave signals, pulse wave signals, or multicarrier signals.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a method for charging a terminal device using radio electromagnetic waves in the prior art.
  • the method for charging a terminal device using radio electromagnetic waves includes:
  • Step 1 The terminal device sends a reference signal to the network device.
  • Step 2 The network device estimates the channel based on the reference signal sent by the terminal device and obtains the channel measurement results.
  • Step 3 The network device generates a precoding matrix based on the channel measurement results.
  • Step 4 The network device performs precoding processing on the modulated signal based on the precoding matrix.
  • Step 5 The network device sends the pre-encoded signal to the terminal device to power the terminal device.
  • the network device uses precoding to make the energy of the signal directional, thus enabling better charging of the terminal devices.
  • multi-antenna terminal devices have a wider signal reception range, thus potentially improving charging efficiency.
  • the charging efficiency of multi-antenna terminal devices remains very low.
  • this application provides a wireless charging method and related apparatus to improve the charging efficiency of multi-antenna terminal devices.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of the wireless charging method 500 provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 5 only illustrates the method from the perspective of interaction between network devices and terminal devices, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application in any way.
  • the network device in Figure 5 can be replaced by components configured in the network device (such as chips, chip systems, processors, etc.), or by logic modules or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the network device;
  • the terminal device in Figure 5 can be replaced by components configured in the terminal device (such as chips, chip systems, processors, etc.), or by logic modules or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the terminal device.
  • the method 500 includes S510 and S520.
  • the terminal device sends first information to the network device, and the network device receives the first information accordingly; the first information is used to indicate the merging type of the merging circuit included in the terminal device, the merging circuit is used to merge the energy of the received charging signal, different merging types correspond to different merging methods of the charging signal, and the charging signal is used to charge the terminal device.
  • the terminal device includes a merging circuit, which is used to merge the energy of the received charging signals. Merging can be interpreted as the merging circuit obtaining the energy to charge the terminal device based on the charging signals received by each antenna.
  • a charging signal can also be called a power transmission signal, a charging signal, a wireless charging signal, a wireless power transmission signal, a wireless charging signal, an energy signal, etc.
  • combining circuits that can be used to combine the energy of received charging signals
  • different combining circuits use different combining methods when combining the energy of received charging signals.
  • the different combining methods can be understood as: the way the energy used to charge the terminal device is obtained based on the charging signals received by each antenna is different.
  • a merger may include any of the following: a first merger type, a second merger type, or a third merger type.
  • the merging circuit is a first merging circuit that converts radio frequency signals or intermediate frequency signals into DC signals and merges the converted DC signals.
  • the merging circuit when the merging circuit is of the first merging type, all antennas of the terminal device are connected to the merging circuit.
  • the merging circuit first rectifies the radio frequency or intermediate frequency signals received by each connected antenna and then merges the rectified signals.
  • the merging circuit when the merging circuit is of the first merging type, the merging circuit is connected to all antennas of the terminal device.
  • the merging circuit first rectifies the charging signals received by each connected antenna and then merges the rectified signals to obtain the energy supplied to the load (e.g., the terminal device's battery).
  • the first merging type is also referred to as the DC merging type.
  • Figure 6(a) shows a schematic diagram of a multi-antenna terminal device being powered by a combining circuit of a first combining type.
  • the combining circuit in the receiving end (terminal device) includes a rectifier and a combining unit. All antennas of the terminal device are connected to the combining circuit. Specifically, each antenna is connected to a rectifier, which rectifies the radio frequency signal or intermediate frequency signal received by the connected antenna into DC power. The DC power outputs from all rectifiers are added together by the combining unit to obtain the energy supplied to the load.
  • the combining unit can be an adder.
  • the merging circuit is a second merging circuit that merges radio frequency signals or intermediate frequency signals and converts the merged signals into DC signals.
  • the merging circuit uses the second merging type, all antennas of the terminal device are connected to the merging circuit.
  • the merging circuit merges the radio frequency (RF) or intermediate frequency (IF) signals received by each connected antenna and then rectifies the merged signal.
  • the merging circuit merges the RF or IF signals received by each connected antenna, it first performs a first processing on the RF or IF signals received by each connected antenna, and then merges the signals obtained after the first processing.
  • the first processing includes phase shifting. It is understood that the first processing in the embodiments of this application does not include rectification.
  • the merging circuit uses the second merging type, the merging circuit is connected to all antennas of the terminal device, the merging circuit first performs a first processing on the charging signals received by each connected antenna, then merges the signals obtained after the first processing, and then rectifies the merged signal.
  • the second merging type is referred to as a radio frequency (RF) merging type.
  • RF radio frequency
  • the RF merging type merging circuit since the RF merging type merging circuit is a passive device, the input power of the RF merging type merging circuit is less than or equal to the output power.
  • Figure 6(b) shows a schematic diagram of a multi-antenna terminal device being powered by a combining circuit of the second combining type.
  • the combining circuit in the receiving end includes a signal processing unit and a combining unit. All antennas of the terminal device are connected to the combining circuit. Specifically, the combining circuit first combines the radio frequency signals or intermediate frequency signals received by each antenna through the combining unit, and then rectifies the combined signal through a rectifier to obtain the energy supplied to the load.
  • the merging circuit when the merging type is the third merging type, the merging circuit includes a first merging circuit and a second merging circuit. A portion of the antennas in the terminal device is connected to the first merging circuit, and another portion of the antennas in the terminal device is connected to the second merging circuit. That is, when the merging type of the merging circuit is the third merging type, the merging circuit can be considered to consist of the first merging circuit and the second merging circuit.
  • the first merging circuit is connected to a portion of the antennas in the terminal device, and the first merging circuit first rectifies the radio frequency (RF) or intermediate frequency (IF) signals received by each antenna in that portion of the antennas, and then merges the rectified signals.
  • the second merging circuit is connected to the other portion of the antennas in the terminal device, and the second merging circuit merges the RF or IF signals received by each antenna in that other portion of the antennas and converts the merged signal into a DC signal.
  • the third merger type is also referred to as the hybrid merger type.
  • Figure 6(c) shows a schematic diagram of a multi-antenna terminal device being powered by a third-type combining circuit.
  • the third-type combining circuit in the receiving end (terminal device) includes a first combining circuit and a second combining circuit.
  • the first combining circuit includes a rectifier and a combining unit 1
  • the second combining circuit includes a combining unit 2.
  • a portion of the antennas in the terminal device are connected to the first combining circuit, and another portion of the antennas in the terminal device are connected to the second combining circuit.
  • the first combining circuit rectifies the radio frequency signals received by each connected antenna into DC power, and then adds the DC power outputs from all rectifiers through the combining unit 1.
  • the second combining circuit combines the radio frequency signals or intermediate frequency signals received by each connected antenna through the combining unit 2, and then rectifies the combined signal.
  • the second combining circuit performs a first processing on the radio frequency signals or intermediate frequency signals received by each connected antenna, such as phase shifting, before combining them through the combining unit 2.
  • the terminal device sends first information to the network device, the first information indicating the merging type of the merging circuit included in the terminal device.
  • method 500 further includes: S520, the network device sends a first request to the terminal device, the first request requesting the terminal device to provide feedback on the first information; correspondingly, the terminal device executing S510 includes: the terminal device responding to the first request by sending the first information to the network device.
  • the first request could also be called a charging capability query request, or a query for charging capability information, etc.
  • the first request, used to request feedback from the terminal device can also be interpreted as: the first request is used to request feedback from the terminal device regarding the merging type of the merging circuit.
  • this paper explains how the terminal device indicates to the network device the merging type of the merging circuit included in the terminal device through the first information.
  • the first information may include a first information cell (an information cell may also be referred to as a field).
  • a first value indicates that the merging type of the merging circuit included in the terminal device is a first merging type (DC merging type).
  • DC merging type indicates that the merging type of the merging circuit included in the terminal device is a second merging type (RF merging type).
  • RF merging type indicates that the merging type of the merging circuit included in the terminal device is a third merging type (hybrid merging type).
  • the first information cell is 2 bits.
  • the value of these 2 bits is 00, it indicates the first merging type; when the value of these 2 bits is 01, it indicates the second merging type; and when the value of these 2 bits is 10, it indicates the third merging type.
  • the first information cell is 3 bits.
  • the value of these 3 bits is 100, it indicates the first merging type; when the value of these 3 bits is 010, it indicates the second merging type; and when the value of these 3 bits is 001, it indicates the third merging type.
  • the network device may also send a second information element to the terminal device, the second information element being used to indicate the number of antenna ports included in the terminal device for receiving charging signals.
  • the second information element may be included in the first information.
  • the information including the second information element and the first information may be included in the same message.
  • the information including the second information element and the first information are different information, or the information including the second information element and the first information are included in different messages.
  • the network device can also send a third information element to the terminal device.
  • This third information element indicates the circuit type of the circuit corresponding to each antenna port of the terminal device.
  • the circuit type of the circuit corresponding to each antenna port can be either a first circuit type or a second circuit type. Specifically, when the circuit type is the first circuit type, the circuit is used to convert the radio frequency signal or intermediate frequency signal into a DC signal and then combine the converted DC signals. When the circuit type is the second circuit type, the circuit is used to combine the radio frequency signal or intermediate frequency signal and then convert the combined signal into a DC signal.
  • the third information element may be included in the first information.
  • the information including the third information element and the first information may be included in the same message.
  • the information including the third information element and the first information may be different information, or they may be included in different messages.
  • bit values listed here are merely examples and do not constitute a limitation of this application.
  • the first information may include K indication information, where K is the number of antenna ports included in the terminal device.
  • K is the number of antenna ports included in the terminal device.
  • the K indication information corresponds one-to-one with the K antenna ports, and each indication information is used to indicate the circuit type of the circuit corresponding to the antenna port.
  • the antenna port corresponding to each indication message can be predefined by the protocol, configured by the network device, or indicated to the network device by the terminal device.
  • the terminal device can report the index information of the antenna port corresponding to each of the K indication messages to the network device, so that the network device can determine the antenna port corresponding to each of the K indication messages.
  • a terminal device has 4 antenna ports, 0 indicates the first circuit type, and 1 indicates the second circuit type: if the terminal device reports 0000, then after the network device receives 0000, it determines that all antenna ports of the terminal device correspond to the first circuit type, thereby obtaining the first merging type of the merging circuit of the terminal device.
  • the network device determines that all antenna ports of the terminal device correspond to the second circuit type, thereby obtaining the second merging type of the merging circuit of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device taking a terminal device with 4 antenna ports, where 0 indicates the first circuit type and 1 indicates the second circuit type as an example: if the terminal device can report 0101, then after the network device receives 0101, it determines that the first and third antenna ports of the terminal device correspond to the first circuit type and the second and fourth antenna ports of the terminal device correspond to the second circuit type, thereby obtaining the third merging type of the merging circuit of the terminal device.
  • the network can directly obtain the number of antenna ports of the terminal device based on the number of indication information included in the first information.
  • the first information may include a fourth information element.
  • the fourth information element indicates a first merging type (DC merging type); when the fourth information element takes a fifth value, it indicates a second merging type (RF merging type) or a third merging type (hybrid merging type).
  • the fourth information element in the first information takes a fifth value, the first information also includes other information elements. These other information elements are used to allow the network device to determine, in conjunction with the fourth information element, whether the merging circuit included in the terminal device is a second merging type or a third merging type.
  • the first information includes not only the fourth information cell but also the fifth information cell.
  • the value of the fourth information cell is the fifth value
  • the fifth information cell is used to indicate the number of antenna ports included in the terminal device, which is 4.
  • the network device combines the fourth information cell and the fifth information cell to determine that the merging circuit included in the terminal device is of the second merging type.
  • the network device determines that the merging circuit included in the terminal device is of the third merging type by combining the fourth information element and the sixth information element.
  • the terminal device when the merging type of its merging circuit is the second or third merging type, that is, when the terminal device includes the second merging circuit, the terminal device can maximize the energy obtained after merging by appropriate processing parameters (such as phase shift parameters), thereby improving the charging efficiency of the multi-antenna terminal device.
  • processing parameters such as phase shift parameters
  • the network device can learn the merging type of the merging circuit included in the terminal device.
  • the network device can further determine a first weight vector based on the channel measurement results.
  • the first weight vector is used by the second merging circuit on the terminal device side to process the received charging signal (e.g., phase shifting), thereby increasing the charging efficiency of the terminal device.
  • the method 700 includes:
  • the network device sends a first request to the terminal device; correspondingly, the terminal device receives the first request, which is used to request the terminal device to provide feedback on the merging type of the merging circuit.
  • method 700 may further include S7011: the network device sends a sixth message to the terminal device, the sixth message indicating to the terminal device a second frequency band supported by the network device for charging.
  • the terminal device in response to the first request, reports first information to the network device, the first information being used to indicate the merging type of the merging circuit included in the terminal device.
  • method 700 may further include S7021: sending fifth information to the network device, the fifth information being used to determine a first frequency band, the first frequency band being a frequency band that the terminal device can use to receive charging signals.
  • the first information is used to indicate the merging type of the merging circuit included in the terminal device.
  • the implementation of indicating the merging type of the merging circuit using the first information can be found in the description of the embodiment in Figure 5, and will not be repeated here.
  • the fifth piece of information reported by the terminal device is the frequency band information supported by the terminal device itself.
  • the network device determines the first frequency band based on the fifth piece of information and the second frequency band supported by the network device for charging. For example, the network device determines the frequency band obtained by taking the intersection of the frequency bands supported by the terminal device and the second frequency band as the first frequency band.
  • method 700 further includes S7011, after the terminal device receives the sixth information, the terminal device can determine the first frequency band that the terminal device can use to receive charging signals based on the frequency bands supported by the terminal device and the second frequency band indicated by the sixth information.
  • the fifth information reported by the terminal device can be the information of the first frequency band.
  • the terminal device determines the frequency band obtained by taking the intersection of its supported frequency bands and the second frequency band as the first frequency band.
  • the fifth information includes the frequency band range information of the first frequency band, so that the network device can obtain the first frequency band based on the fifth information.
  • the terminal device transmits an uplink reference signal in the first frequency band; correspondingly, the network device receives the uplink reference signal.
  • the uplink reference signal sent by the terminal device is also referred to as the first reference signal.
  • the uplink reference signal can be a sounding reference signal (SRS).
  • network devices measure the channel based on the received uplink reference signal.
  • the measurement result obtained by the network device after measuring the channel based on the received uplink reference signal is also referred to as the first measurement result.
  • the network device sends a charging signal on the first frequency domain unit within the first frequency band based on the first measurement result obtained from the measurement; correspondingly, the terminal device receives the charging signal.
  • the first frequency domain unit in this application may include one or more subcarriers (i.e., can be considered as subcarrier granularity), one or more resource blocks (RBs) (i.e. can be considered as RB granularity), one or more subbands, or resource units divided at other frequency domain granularities.
  • subcarriers i.e., can be considered as subcarrier granularity
  • resource blocks i.e. can be considered as RB granularity
  • subbands i.e. can be considered as resource blocks
  • the terminal device can achieve greater charging efficiency.
  • the specific principle is as follows:
  • 2
  • 2 Ef ⁇
  • the upper limit of energy that can be received in the first frequency domain unit depends on the channel quality in the first frequency domain unit, i.e. , the magnitude of
  • the upper limit of the energy of the receivable charging signal on the first frequency domain unit depends on the channel quality on that first frequency domain unit, i.e., the magnitude of
  • the network device can determine a first frequency domain unit based on the first measurement result. This first frequency domain unit satisfies the condition that the energy received by the terminal device when receiving a charging signal in this unit is higher than the energy received by the terminal device when receiving a charging signal in other frequency domain positions within the first frequency band; that is, the channel quality in the first frequency domain unit is better. The network device then concentrates the charging signal on the first frequency domain unit with better channel quality for transmission, thereby improving the received energy on the terminal device side.
  • method 700 further includes S7051: the network device sends third information to the terminal device, the third information being used to indicate the first frequency domain unit, that is, the third information being used to indicate the frequency domain unit carrying the charging signal, that is, the network device indicates the frequency domain resource or frequency domain location carrying the charging signal to the terminal device through the third information.
  • the terminal device receiving the charging signal includes: the terminal device receiving the charging signal on the first frequency domain unit based on the third information.
  • the terminal device may also use the entire first frequency band to receive charging signals.
  • method 700 further includes:
  • the network device sends second information to the terminal device, the second information being used to indicate a first weight vector, wherein the first weight vector is used by the second merging circuit included in the terminal device to merge the energy of the received charging signal.
  • the second information includes a first weight vector determined by the network device. That is, in this first implementation, the network device directly indicates to the terminal device the first weight vector obtained by the terminal device based on the first measurement result. For example, in one implementation, the network device performs singular value decomposition on the measured channel matrix to obtain the first weight vector.
  • the first weight vector is the conjugate transpose of the left singular vector corresponding to the largest singular value of the channel matrix.
  • a codebook can be preset in both the network device and the terminal device.
  • This codebook includes at least one weight vector.
  • the network device determines the weight vector as the first weight vector by taking the conjugate transpose of the left singular vector corresponding to the largest singular value of the channel matrix in the preset codebook. Then, it sends the index of the first weight vector to the terminal device, which is called, for example, the first index.
  • the terminal device retrieves the first weight vector with the first index from the preset codebook.
  • the second information includes information indicating the first channel coefficients, or the second information includes the first channel coefficients; correspondingly, the terminal device determines the first weight vector based on the second information.
  • the information on the first channel coefficients includes one or more of the following: precoding matrix information, layer number information, or channel matrix information.
  • the network device includes information indicating the transmission precoding matrix indication (TPMI) and the transmission rank indication (TRI) in the second information sent to the terminal device. Accordingly, the terminal device determines the first weight vector based on the second information.
  • TPMI transmission precoding matrix indication
  • TRI transmission rank indication
  • the terminal device obtains the channel matrix determined by the network device based on the second information sent by the network device, then performs singular value decomposition on the channel matrix, and determines the first weight vector as the conjugate transpose of the left singular vector corresponding to the largest singular value of the channel matrix.
  • the network device sends a first request. After receiving the first request, the terminal device reports first information and a first frequency band that can be used for charging on both the network device and the terminal device side.
  • the first frequency band reported by the terminal device in Figure 8 includes frequency domain unit f2 , frequency domain unit f3 , and frequency domain unit f4 .
  • the terminal device sends a first reference signal at these three frequency domain units.
  • the network device performs channel measurement based on the received reference signal.
  • the network device sends third information to indicate the frequency domain unit carrying the charging signal. For example, the network device indicates that frequency domain units f3 and f4 carry the charging signal. Then, the network device only sends the charging signal at the aforementioned frequency domain units f3 and f4 , and the terminal device also receives the charging signal at the corresponding frequency domain units f3 and f4 .
  • the terminal device reports the merging type of the included merging circuit, enabling the network device to determine whether it needs to send a first weight vector to the terminal device, thereby improving the charging efficiency of the terminal device. Furthermore, because the terminal device reports the frequency band it can use to receive charging signals to the network device, the frequency band range for channel measurement by the network device is limited.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic flowchart of the wireless charging method provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 9 only illustrates the method from the perspective of interaction between network devices and terminal devices, and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application in any way.
  • the network device in Figure 9 can be replaced by components configured in the network device (such as chips, chip systems, processors, etc.), or by logic modules or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the network device;
  • the terminal device in Figure 9 can be replaced by components configured in the terminal device (such as chips, chip systems, processors, etc.), or by logic modules or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the terminal device.
  • the method 900 includes:
  • the network device sends a first request to the terminal device, and the corresponding terminal device receives the first request; the first request is used to request the terminal device to provide feedback on the merging type of the merging circuit.
  • method 900 may further include S9011: the network device sends a sixth message to the terminal device, the sixth message indicating to the terminal device a second frequency band supported by the network device for charging.
  • the terminal device in response to the first request, sends first information to the network device, the first information being used to indicate the merging type of the merging circuit included in the terminal device.
  • method 900 may further include S9021: the terminal device sends fifth information to the network device, the fifth information being used to determine a first frequency band, the first frequency band being a frequency band that the terminal device can use to receive charging signals.
  • the downlink reference signal transmitted by the network device on the first frequency band is also referred to as the second reference signal.
  • the downlink reference signal may be CSI-RS.
  • the fourth information includes a second weight vector. That is, in this first implementation, the terminal device directly indicates to the network device the second weight vector obtained by the terminal device based on the second measurement result. For example, in one implementation, the terminal device performs singular value decomposition on the channel matrix obtained from the measurement to obtain the second weight vector.
  • the second weight vector is the conjugate transpose of the right singular vector corresponding to the largest singular value of the channel matrix.
  • a codebook can be preset in both the network device and the terminal device.
  • This codebook includes at least one weight vector.
  • the terminal device determines the weight vector as the second weight vector by taking the conjugate transpose of the right singular vector corresponding to the largest singular value of the channel matrix in the preset codebook. Then, it sends the index of the second weight vector to the network device, which is called, for example, the second index.
  • the network device retrieves the second weight vector with the second index from the preset codebook.
  • the fourth information includes information for indicating the second channel coefficients, or the fourth information includes the second channel coefficients.
  • the terminal device after obtaining the second measurement result, feeds back a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) to the network device.
  • the network device determines the precoding matrix indicated by the terminal device based on the PMI fed back by the terminal device, and then obtains the corresponding second weight vector.
  • the indicated precoding matrix can be the second weight vector.
  • the network device sends a charging signal on the second frequency domain unit; correspondingly, the terminal device receives the charging signal on the second frequency domain unit.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the embodiment in Figure 7 is that, after the terminal device performs channel measurement, if the merging circuit of the terminal device includes a second merging circuit, the first weight vector of the terminal device can be calculated by the terminal device itself (for example, the first weight vector is the conjugate transpose of the left singular vector corresponding to the maximum singular value of the channel matrix measured by the terminal device based on the downlink reference signal), without the need for feedback from the network device. Furthermore, the terminal device can also calculate the second weight vector used by the network device when sending the charging signal and send fourth information to the network device for the network device to determine the second weight vector, thereby improving the charging efficiency of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device indicates that frequency domain units f3 and f4 carry the charging signal. Then the network device only sends the charging signal on frequency domain units f3 and f4 , and the terminal device also receives the charging signal on frequency domain units f3 and f4 .
  • the methods described above can be applied to different network architectures.
  • the network devices mentioned above can be distributed access network devices, which may include CU, DU, and RU.
  • Step 1-2 CU sends a request command to DU, and DU receives the request command.
  • Steps 1-3 The DU sends a capability query request to the RU and receives a response request via the fronthaul link.
  • the request to receive feedback may include a request for feedback on one or more of the time-domain or frequency-domain resources that the terminal device can use to receive charging signals.
  • Steps 1-4 The terminal device receives the capability query request, provides the first information (i.e., reports the capability), and sends an uplink reference signal.
  • Steps 1-5 After receiving the uplink reference signal sent by the terminal device, the RU starts signal measurement, downconverts the measured signal, and sends it back to the DU for further processing.
  • Steps 1-6 The DU receives the baseband signal, performs channel measurements, and sends the processed measurement information to the CU.
  • Steps 1-7 The CU packages the received information and returns it to the core network equipment.
  • Steps 1-8 If the terminal device has a second merging circuit, the core network device, based on the measurement information fed back by the CU, sends the first weight vector required by the second merging circuit to the terminal device through the backhaul link, midhaul link, and fronthaul link, via the CU and DU, and finally by the RU.
  • Steps 1-9 The core network equipment charges the terminal equipment based on the measurement information fed back by the CU.
  • the core network equipment requests the network equipment to report the multi-antenna configuration capabilities of the terminal equipment.
  • the access network equipment completes the reporting of the terminal equipment's capabilities and the measurement of reference signals through the cooperation of at least two of the CU, DU, and RU. Finally, based on the capabilities of the terminal equipment, it determines whether it is necessary to send the corresponding information to the terminal equipment. This helps the core network equipment design the transmitted signal waveform and improves the charging efficiency.
  • the wireless charging method provided in this application is applied to the architecture shown in FIG2.
  • a possible flow of the wireless charging method is as follows:
  • Step 1-1 The core network device sends a capability query request to the access network device via the backhaul link.
  • the CU in the access network device receives the capability query request.
  • the CU includes an x86-based or non-x86-based CPU, as well as FPGA, GPU, or other accelerator chips.
  • the x86-based or non-x86-based CPU processes the request from the core network device. Some logical operations involved, such as simple summation, are handled by the FPGA, GPU, or other accelerators. After processing, the result is fed back to the CPU, which then performs further control operations, such as determining whether to send a measurement command to the DU.
  • the interface between the CPU and the FPGA, GPU, or other accelerators can be a PCIe interface.
  • Steps 1-2 The CU sends a signal measurement and terminal device capability reporting request to the DU, and the DU receives the measurement command.
  • the DU also includes an x86 or non-x86 architecture CPU, as well as FPGA, GPU, or other accelerator chips.
  • the x86 or non-x86 architecture CPU processes the measurement command from the CU. Some logical operations involved, such as simple summation, are handled by the FPGA, GPU, or other accelerators. After processing, the result is fed back to the CPU, which then performs further control operations, such as determining whether to send a control command to the RU.
  • the interface between the CPU and the FPGA, GPU, or other accelerators can be a PCIe interface.
  • Steps 1-3 The DU sends a request for signal measurement and feedback to the RU via the fronthaul link.
  • the RU includes a fronthaul processing unit for processing instructions from the DU.
  • the fronthaul processing unit can be a CPU or a dedicated chip, such as an FPGA or ASIC.
  • the fronthaul processing chip Based on the instructions from the DU, the fronthaul processing chip schedules the digital signal processing module to process the signals from the RF processing module.
  • the digital signal processing module performs operations including Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) modulation and demodulation.
  • FFT Fast Fourier Transform
  • the RF processing chip mainly handles down-conversion, spectrum splicing/shifting operations, and sends the processing results to the digital processing chip.
  • Steps 1-4 The radio frequency unit sends out the signal measurement and terminal equipment capability reporting request, and after downconverting the received capability report and reference signal, it sends it back to the DU for further processing.
  • Steps 1-5 The DU receives the baseband signal, processes it, obtains the terminal capability and channel information, and calculates the design of the transmitted charging signal under the given conditions.
  • Steps 1-6 DU sends the processed information to CU.
  • Steps 1-7 The CU packages the received measurement information and terminal device capabilities and returns them to the core network equipment.
  • Steps 1-8 If the terminal device has a second merging circuit, after the core network device receives the measurement information fed back by the CU and the capabilities of the terminal device, it needs to send the first weight vector required by the second merging circuit to the terminal device through the CU, DU and RU.
  • Steps 1-9 The core network equipment receives the measurement information and terminal equipment capabilities fed back by the CU and charges the terminal equipment.
  • the collaboration between different chips for example, the CPU primarily controls logic decisions, the accelerator handles simple parallel calculations, and the digital processing chip specializes in digital signal processing—improves efficiency.
  • This chip cooperation also enables terminal devices to report multi-antenna capabilities and allows for the design of multiple-transmit, multiple-receive charging signals, thereby enhancing charging efficiency.
  • the CU of the access network device can be replaced by the first CU
  • the DU of the access network device can be replaced by the first DU
  • the RU of the access network device can be replaced by the first RU.
  • one or more of the first CU, the first DU, and the first RU can also be their own independent devices, and the actions involved in each of them can form their own implementation methods, which will not be elaborated here.
  • FIG 11 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Specifically, as shown in Figure 11, the device 1100 includes a transceiver module 1101 and a processing module 1102.
  • the device 1100 is used to implement the functions of the terminal device or network device in the method embodiments shown in Figures 5 to 9.
  • the following description uses the example of the device 1100 implementing the functions of the terminal device in the method embodiments shown in Figures 5 to 9 as an example.
  • the transceiver module 1101 is used to send first information to the network device.
  • the first information is used to indicate the merging type of the merging circuit included in the terminal device.
  • the merging circuit is used to merge the energy of the received charging signal. Different merging types correspond to different merging methods of the charging signal.
  • the charging signal is used to charge the terminal device.
  • the circuit type includes any of the following: the merging type includes any of the following: a first merging type, a second merging type, or a third merging type;
  • the merging circuit When the merging type is the first merging type, the merging circuit is a first merging circuit that converts radio frequency signals or intermediate frequency signals into DC signals and merges the converted DC signals; when the merging type is the second merging type, the merging circuit is a second merging circuit that merges radio frequency signals or intermediate frequency signals and converts the merged signals into DC signals; when the merging type is the third merging type, the merging circuit includes a first merging circuit and a second merging circuit, a portion of the antennas in the terminal device is connected to the first merging circuit, and another portion of the antennas in the terminal device is connected to the second merging circuit.
  • the transceiver module 1101 is further configured to: receive a first request from a network device, the first request being used to request the terminal device to provide first information.
  • the method further includes that the transceiver module 1101 is also used to: receive second information from the network device, the second information being used by the terminal device to determine a first weight vector, and the first weight vector being used by the second merging circuit to merge the energy of the received charging signal.
  • the second information includes one or more of the following: information indicating the first channel coefficient, the first channel coefficient, the first weight vector, or an index of the first weight vector.
  • the transceiver module 1101 is further configured to: send a first reference signal to the network device; wherein the second information is based on the first measurement result, and the first measurement result is based on the first reference signal.
  • the transceiver module 1101 is further configured to: receive third information from the network device, the third information being used to indicate the frequency domain resources of the charging signal, the frequency domain resources of the charging signal being based on the first measurement result.
  • the transceiver module 1101 is further configured to: send fourth information to the network device, the fourth information being used to determine the second weight vector, and the second weight vector being used by the network device to process the charging signal to be sent.
  • the fourth information includes one or more of the following: information indicating the second channel coefficient, the second channel coefficient, the second weight vector, or a second index of the second weight vector.
  • the transceiver module 1101 is further configured to: receive a second reference signal sent by the network device; and the processing module 1102 is further configured to: obtain a second weight vector based on the second measurement result, wherein the second measurement result is obtained based on the second reference signal.
  • the first information includes a circuit type for indicating the circuit corresponding to each antenna port of the terminal device; the circuit type corresponding to each antenna port is a first circuit type or a second circuit type, wherein when the circuit type corresponding to the circuit is the first circuit type, the circuit is used to convert the radio frequency signal or intermediate frequency signal into a DC signal and merge the converted DC signal; when the circuit type corresponding to the circuit is the second circuit type, the circuit is used to merge the radio frequency signal or intermediate frequency signal and convert the merged signal into a DC signal.
  • the first information also includes information indicating the number of antenna ports included in the terminal device.
  • the transceiver module 1101 is further configured to: send fifth information to the network device, the fifth information being used to indicate a first frequency band, the first frequency band being a frequency band that the terminal device can use to receive charging signals; wherein the frequency domain resources of the charging signals sent by the network device are located within the first frequency band.
  • the transceiver module 1101 is further configured to: receive sixth information from the network device, the sixth information being used to indicate to the terminal device a second frequency band supported by the network device for charging; wherein the first frequency band is obtained based on the second frequency band and the first frequency band is located within the second frequency band.
  • the following description uses the device 1100 as an example to illustrate the function of the network device in the method embodiment shown in Figures 5 to 9.
  • the transceiver module 1101 is used to receive first information from the terminal device.
  • the first information is used to indicate the merging type of the merging circuit included in the terminal device.
  • the merging circuit is used to merge the energy of the received charging signal. Different merging types correspond to different merging methods of the charging signal.
  • the charging signal is used to charge the terminal device.
  • the merge type includes any of the following: a first merge type, a second merge type, or a third merge type;
  • the merging circuit When the merging type is the first merging type, the merging circuit is a first merging circuit that converts radio frequency signals or intermediate frequency signals into DC signals and merges the converted DC signals; when the merging type is the second merging type, the merging circuit is a second merging circuit that merges radio frequency signals or intermediate frequency signals and converts the merged signals into DC signals; when the merging type is the third merging type, the merging circuit includes the first merging circuit and the second merging circuit, a portion of the antennas in the terminal device is connected to the first merging circuit, and another portion of the antennas in the terminal device is connected to the second merging circuit.
  • the transceiver module 1101 is further configured to: send a first request to the terminal device, the first request being used to request the terminal device to provide first information.
  • the transceiver module 1101 is further configured to: send second information to the terminal device, the second information being used by the terminal device to determine a first weight vector, the first weight vector being used by the second merging circuit to merge the energy of the received charging signal.
  • the second information includes one or more of the following: information indicating the first channel coefficient, the first channel coefficient, the first weight vector, or the first index of the first weight vector.
  • the transceiver module 1101 is further configured to: receive a first reference signal sent by the terminal device; the processing module 1102 is configured to: obtain a first measurement result based on the first reference signal; the processing module 1102 is further configured to: determine a first weight vector based on the first measurement result and the first information.
  • the transceiver module 1101 is further configured to: send third information to the terminal device, the third information being used to indicate the frequency domain resources of the charging signal, the frequency domain resources of the charging signal being based on the first measurement result.
  • the transceiver module 1101 is further configured to: receive fourth information sent by the terminal device, the fourth information being used by the network device to determine the second weight vector, and the second weight vector being used by the network device to process the charging signal to be sent.
  • the fourth information includes one or more of the following: information indicating the second channel coefficients, the second channel coefficients, the second weight vector, or an index of the second weight vector.
  • the transceiver module 1101 is further configured to: send a second reference signal to the terminal device; wherein the second reference signal is used by the terminal device to obtain a second measurement result, and the second measurement result is used by the terminal device to determine a second weight vector.
  • the first information includes information indicating the circuit type of the circuit corresponding to each antenna port of the terminal device; the circuit type of the circuit corresponding to each antenna port is a first circuit type or a second circuit type, wherein when the circuit type corresponding to the circuit is the first circuit type, the circuit is used to convert the radio frequency signal or intermediate frequency signal into a DC signal and merge the converted DC signal; when the circuit type corresponding to the circuit is the second circuit type, the circuit is used to merge the radio frequency signal or intermediate frequency signal and convert the merged signal into a DC signal.
  • the first information also includes information indicating the number of antenna ports included in the terminal device.
  • Figure 12 is a structural schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the device shown in Figure 12 can be used to perform the method described in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the device 1200 of this embodiment includes a processing circuit 1202.
  • the processing circuit 1202 may be one or more processors, or all or part of the circuitry in one or more processors used for processing or control.
  • the device 1200 further includes a communication circuit 1203.
  • the communication circuit 1203 can be a transceiver, an input/output circuit, or a communication interface. Furthermore, it may also include a memory 1201.
  • the device 1200 may also include a bus 1204, through which at least two of the memory 1201, processing circuitry 1202, and communication interface 1203 are connected to each other.
  • the communication circuit 1203 can be a transceiver, an input/output circuit, or a communication interface.
  • the communication circuit 1203 can be an input/output circuit.
  • the chip can be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system-on-a-chip (SoC), or a module.
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • SoC system-on-a-chip
  • processing circuit 1202 is used to perform the functions of the processing unit
  • communication circuit 1203 is used to perform the functions of the transceiver module. Whether communication circuit 1203 is used for sending or receiving depends on whether the device 1200 is used to perform a sending or receiving action in the execution scheme.
  • the memory 1201 may be a read-only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or a random access memory (RAM).
  • the memory 1201 may store a program, and when the program stored in the memory 1201 is executed by the processing circuit 1202, the processing circuit 1202 is used to execute the various steps of the method shown in Figures 5 to 10.
  • the processing circuit 1202 may employ a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits to execute relevant programs to implement the methods shown in Figures 5 to 10 of the embodiments of this application.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • the processing circuit 1202 can also be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities.
  • each step of the method in Figures 5 to 10 of the embodiments of this application can be completed by the integrated logic circuitry in the hardware of the processing circuit 1202 or by instructions in software form.
  • the aforementioned processing circuit 1202 can also be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application.
  • the general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or a conventional processor, etc.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the software modules can reside in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. This storage medium is located in memory 1201.
  • the processing circuit 1202 reads the information in memory 1201 and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the functions required by the units included in the device of this application. For example, it can execute the various steps/functions of the embodiments shown in Figures 5 to 10.
  • the communication circuit 1203 can use, but is not limited to, transceivers to enable communication between the device 1200 and other devices or communication networks.
  • Bus 1204 may include a path for transmitting information between various components of device 1200 (e.g., memory 1201, processing circuitry 1202, communication circuitry 1203).
  • the device 1200 shown in the embodiments of this application can be an electronic device, or it can be a chip configured in an electronic device.
  • the device 1200 can be deployed in a terminal device, or it can be deployed in a network device.
  • the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof.
  • the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated.
  • the computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another.
  • the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be a usable medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center containing one or more sets of usable media.
  • the usable medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium.
  • a semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.
  • At least one means one or more, and “more than one” means two or more.
  • At least one of the following” or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items.
  • at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.
  • the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways.
  • the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed.
  • the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate.
  • the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.
  • the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

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Abstract

本提供一种无线充能方法及相关装置，以提升多天线终端设备的充能效率。方法包括：终端设备向网络设备发送第一信息，第一信息用于指示终端设备包括的合并电路的电路类型，合并电路用于合并接收的充能信号的能量，不同的电路类型对应的充能信号的合并方式不同，充能信号用于为终端设备充能。

Description

无线充能方法和相关装置
本申请要求于2024年06月13日提交中国专利局、申请号为202410768790.1、申请名称为“无线充能方法和相关装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及无线充能领域，尤其涉及一种无线充能方法及相关装置。
背景技术
随着无线网络的发展与业务需求的演进，网络中存在海量的物联网(internet of things，IoT)节点。这些IoT节点成本低、体积小、不能携带大容量的电池，面临着待机寿命短的问题。为解决该问题，目前提出了通过蜂窝移动通信网中基站发射的无线电磁波来为IoT节点进行充能。
但是，当前在为多天线的IoT节点进行充能时，充能效率比较低。
发明内容
本申请提供一种无线充能方法及相关装置，以提升充能效率。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种无线充能方法，该方法可以由终端设备来执行，或者也可以由配置在终端设备中的部件(如芯片、芯片系统等)，或者，还可以是能够实现全部或部分终端设备功能的逻辑模块或软件，本申请对此不作限定。
示例性地，该无线充能方法包括：向网络设备发送第一信息，第一信息用于指示终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型，合并电路用于合并接收的充能信号的能量，不同的合并类型对应的充能信号的合并方式不同，充能信号用于为终端设备充能。
合并可以解释为：合并电路基于各个天线接收的充能信号得到为终端设备进行充能的能量。
可选的，终端设备接收到网络设备发送的第一请求后，向网络设备发送第一信息，第一请求用于请求终端设备反馈第一信息。
本申请提供的方法中，不同的合并类型对应的充能信号的合并方式不同。示例性的，合并类型包括以下任意一种：第一合并类型、第二合并类型、或者第三合并类型。
在合并类型为第一合并类型时，合并电路为将射频信号或中频信号转化为直流信号并将转化后的直流信号进行合并的第一合并电路。
在合并类型为第二合并类型时，合并电路为对射频信号或中频信号进行合并并将合并后的信号转化为直流信号的第二合并电路。
在合并类型为第三合并类型时，合并电路包括第一合并电路和第二合并电路，终端设备的一部分天线与第一合并电路连接，终端设备中的另一部分天线与第二合并电路连接。
基于上述方案，终端设备向网络设备上报终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型后，以便于网络设备可以确定出终端设备侧是否包括第二合并电路。这样，若网络设备确定出终端设备侧包括第二合并电路，那么还可以向终端设备反馈网络设备基于信道测量结果得到的第一权值向量，第一权值向量用于终端设备侧的合并电路对接收的充能信号的处理(例如移相处理)，从而增加终端设备的充能效率。
结合第一方面，在一些可能的实现方式中，若第一信息指示合并类型为第二合并类型或者第三合并类型，所述方法还包括：接收来自网络设备的第二信息，第二信息用于终端设备确定第一权值向量，第一权值向量用于第二合并电路合并接收的充能信号的能量。
示例性的，第二信息中包括以下一种或多种：指示第一信道系数的信息、第一信道系数、第一权值向量、或者第一权值向量的索引。
示例性的，终端设备可以向网络设备发送第一参考信号，对应的，网络设备基于接收的第一参考信号得到对信道的第一测量结果，然后基于第一测量结果得到第一权值向量，并向终端设备发送用于终端设备确定第一权值向量的第二信息。
可选的，网络设备可以向终端设备发送第三信息，第三信息用于指示充能信号的频域资源，充能信号的频域资源基于第一测量结果。对应的，终端设备在指示的频域资源上接收充能信号。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：向网络设备发送第四信息，第四信息用于第二权值向量的确定，第二权值向量用于网络设备对待发送的充能信号的处理。
示例性的，网络设备可以向终端设备发送第二参考信号，对应的，终端设备基于接收的第二参考信号得到对信道的第二测量结果，然后基于第二测量结果得到第二权值向量，并向网络设备发送用于网络设备确定第二权值向量的第四信息。
该实现方式下，由于终端设备向终端设备反馈第二权值向量，这样，网络设备可以基于第二权值向量得到待发送的经过波束赋形(beamforming)的充能信号。可以理解的，通过波束赋形，网络设备发送的充能信号则具有一定的空间指向性，从而将射频能量集中指向终端设备的方向来为终端设备进行充能，因此可以提升为终端设备的充能效率。
示例性的，第四信息中包括以下一种或多种：指示第二信道系数的信息、第二信道系数、第二权值向量、或者第二权值向量的索引。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，第一信息中包括用于指示所述终端设备的每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型的信息；每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型为第一电路类型或者第二电路类型；
其中，在电路对应的电路类型为第一电路类型时，电路用于将射频信号或中频信号转化为直流信号并将转化后的直流信号进行合并，在电路对应的电路类型为第二电路类型时，电路用于对射频信号或中频信号进行合并并将合并后的信号转化为直流信号。
该实现方式中，终端设备还会向网络设备具体指示每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型，以便于网络设备基于该信息确定向终端设备发送的第一权值向量。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，在合并电路的合并类型为第二合并类型时，第一信息中还包括用于指示终端设备包括的天线端口数的信息。
这种实现方式，终端设备无需上报每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型，因此可以节省信令开销。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，在合并电路的合并类型为第一合并类型时，第一信息中还包括用于指示终端设备包括的天线端口数的信息。
这种实现方式，终端设备无需上报每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型，因此可以节省信令开销。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：向网络设备发送第五信息，第五信息用于指示第一频段，第一频段为终端设备可用于接收充能信号的频段；其中，网络设备发送的充能信号的频域资源位于第一频段内。
可选的，网络设备向终端设备发送第六信息，第六信息用于向终端设备指示网络设备支持的用于充能的第二频段，对应的，终端设备基于自身支持的频段和第二频段，确定出可用于接收充能信号的第一频段。例如，终端设备将自身支持的频段和第二频段取交集得到第一频段。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种无线充能方法，该方法可以由网络设备来执行，或者也可以由配置在网络设备中的部件(如芯片、芯片系统等)，或者，还可以是能够实现全部或部分网络设备功能的逻辑模块或软件，本申请对此不作限定。
示例性地，该无线充能方法包括：接收来自终端设备的第一信息，第一信息用于指示终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型，合并电路用于合并接收的充能信号的能量，不同的合并类型对应的充能信号的合并方式不同，充能信号用于为终端设备充能。
示例性的，合并类型包括以下任意一种：第一合并类型、第二合并类型、或者第三合并类型。
在合并类型为第一合并类型时，合并电路为将射频信号或中频信号转化为直流信号并将转化后的直流信号进行合并的第一合并电路；在合并类型为第二合并类型时，合并电路为对射频信号或中频信号进行合并并将合并后的信号转化为直流信号的第二合并电路；在合并类型为第三合并类型时，合并电路包括第一合并电路和第二合并电路，终端设备的一部分天线与第一合并电路连接，终端设备中的另一部分天线与第二合并电路连接。
基于上述方案，由于终端设备向网络设备上报了终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型，使得网络设备可以基于终端设备上报的合并类型，确定是否向终端设备反馈第一权值向量，第一权值向量用于终端设备侧的合并电路对接收的充能信号的处理(例如移相处理)，从而增加终端设备的充能效率。
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：向终端设备发送第一请求，第一请求用于请求终端设备反馈第一信息。
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，若第一信息指示合并类型为第二合并类型或者第三合并类型，所述方法还包括：向终端设备发送第二信息，第二信息用于终端设备确定第一权值向量，第一权值向量用于第二合并电路合并接收的充能信号的能量。
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，第二信息中包括以下一种或多种：指示第一信道系数的信息、第一信道系数、第一权值向量、或者第一权值向量的索引。
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：接收终端设备发送的第一参考信号；基于第一参考信号得到第一测量结果；基于第一测量结果和第一信息确定第一权值向量。
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：向终端设备发送第三信息，第三信息用于指示充能信号的频域资源，充能信号的频域资源基于第一测量结果。
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：接收终端设备发送的第四信息，第四信息用于网络设备确定第二权值向量，第二权值向量用于网络设备对待发送的充能信号的处理。
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，第四信息中包括以下一种或多种：指示第二信道系数的信息、第二信道系数、第二权值向量、或者第二权值向量的索引。
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：向终端设备发送第二参考信号；其中，第二参考信号用于终端设备得到第二测量结果，第二测量结果用于终端设备确定第二权值向量。
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，第一信息包括用于指示终端设备的每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型的信息；每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型为第一电路类型或者第二电路类型；其中，在电路对应的电路类型为第一电路类型时，电路用于将射频信号或中频信号转化为直流信号并将转化后的直流信号进行合并，在电路对应的电路类型为第二电路类型时，电路用于对射频信号或中频信号进行合并并将合并后的信号转化为直流信号
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，在合并电路的合并类型为第二合并类型时，第一信息中还包括用于指示终端设备包括的天线端口数的信息。
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：接收来自终端设备的第五信息，第五信息用于指示第一频段，第一频段为终端设备可用于接收充能信号的频段；其中，网络设备发送的充能信号的频域资源位于第一频段内。
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：向终端设备发送第六信息，第六信息用于向终端设备指示网络设备支持的用于充能的第二频段；其中，第一频段基于第二频段得到且第一频段位于第二频段内。
第三方面，本申请提供一种装置，包括用于实现第一方面以及第一方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法的模块或单元。应理解，各个模块或单元可通过执行计算机程序来实现相应的功能。
第四方面，本申请提供一种通信装置，包括用于实现第二方面以及第二方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法的模块或单元。应理解，各个模块或单元可通过执行计算机程序来实现相应的功能。
第五方面，提供一种装置，包括处理器和存储介质，该存储介质存储有指令，该指令被处理器运行时，以使得如第一方面或第一方面中任一可能的实现方式中的方法被实现，或者使得如第二方面或第二方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法被实现。
第六方面，提供一种装置，包括处理电路，所述处理电路用于处理数据和/或信息，以使得如第一方面或第一方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法被实现，或者使得如第二方面或第二方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法被实现。
该处理电路可以包括一个或多个处理器，或者，一个或多个处理器中用于控制或处理功能的电路中的全部或部分。
可选地，所述装置还可以包括存储器，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，所述处理器用于运行所述程序或指令，以使得如第一方面或第一方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法被实现，或者使得如第二方面或第二方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法被实现。
可选地，所述装置还可以包括所述收发电路，或，输入输出接口。
第七方面，提供一种芯片，包括处理电路，所述处理电路用于运行程序或指令，以使得如第一方面或第一方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法被实现，或者使得如第二方面或第二方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法被实现。
可选地，所述芯片还可以包括存储器，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令。
可选地，所述芯片还可以包括收发电路，或，输入输出接口。
第八方面，提供一种装置，包括一个或多个处理器和通信电路，通信电路用于装置进行信号的输入或输出中的至少一项；所述一个或多个处理器用于实现如第一方面或第一方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法或者用于实现如第二方面或第二方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法。
第九方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质包括指令，当该指令被处理器运行时，使得如第一方面或第一方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法被实现，或者使得如第二方面或第二方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法被实现。
第十方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机程序代码或指令，当所述计算机程序代码或指令被运行时，使得如第一方面及第一方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法被实现，或者使得如第二方面或第二方面的任一可能的实现方式中的方法被实现。
第十一方面，提供一种通信系统，该通信系统包括执行第一或第二方面及第一或第二方面的任一可能的实现方式中的装置。
附图说明
图1是一种基于分离式架构的网络设备的通信系统的示意图；
图2是本申请提供的一种网络设备芯片架构的示意图；
图3是适用于本申请提供的无线充能方法可以应用的几种不同的场景的示意图；
图4是现有技术中的一种无线充能的方法的示意性流程图；
图5是本申请提供的无线充能方法的示意性流程图；
图6是本申请提供的合并电路的三种合并类型的示意性流程图；
图7是本申请另一个实施例提供的无线充能方法的示意性流程图；
图8示出了图7所示的实施例的时频资源占用规则示意图；
图9是本申请又一个实施例提供的无线充能方法的示意性流程图；
图10示出了图9所示的实施例的时频资源占用规则示意图；
图11和图12是本申请实施例提供的装置的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施例作进一步地详细描述。
在介绍本申请实施例提供的无线充能方法及相关装置之前，先做出以下几点说明：
第一，本申请中，“第一”、“第二”等前缀字样的使用仅仅为了便于对归属于同一个名称类别下的不同事物进行区分描述，不对事物的次序、大小或者数量进行约束。例如，“第一信息”和“第二信息”仅仅为不同的信息，二者没有时间先后关系、大小关系或优先级高低关系。
第二，本申请中的“发送”和“接收”，表示信号传递的走向。例如，“向网络设备发送第一信息”可以理解为该信息的目的端是网络设备，可以包括通过空口直接发送，也包括其他单元或模块通过空口间接发送。“接收来自终端设备的第一信息”可以理解为该第一信息的源端是终端设备，可以包括通过空口直接从终端设备接收，也可以包括通过空口从其他单元或模块间接地从终端设备接收。“发送”也可以理解为芯片接口的“输出”，“接收”也可以理解为芯片接口的“输入”。
换言之，发送和接收可以是在设备之间进行的，例如，网络设备和终端设备置之间进行的；也可以是在设备内进行的，例如，通过总线、走线或接口在设备内的部件之间、模组之间、芯片之间、软件模块或者硬件模块之间发送或接收。
第三，本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系，但并不排除表示前后关联对象是一种“和”的关系的情况，具体表示的含义可以结合上下文进行理解。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a，b，或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c；a和b；a和c；b和c；或a和b和c。其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
第四，本申请中，指示包括直接指示(也称为显式指示)和间接指示(也称为隐式指示)。其中，直接指示信息A，是指包括该信息A；间接指示信息A，可以是指通过信息A和信息B的对应关系以及直接指示信息B，来指示信息A；或者通过可用于根据B确定A的预设规则，以及直接指示信息B，来指示信息A。其中，信息A和信息B的对应关系、以及预设规则可以是预定义的，预存储的，预烧制的，或者，预先配置的。
第五，在本申请实施例中，“当…时”、“若”以及“如果”均指在某种客观情况下装置会做出相应的处理，并非是限定时间，且也不要求装置实现时一定要有判断的动作，也不意味着存在其它限定。
第六，为了便于理解，本申请中通过多个附图来描述了本申请提供的方法，这些附图仅为示例，不应对本申请构成任何限定。例如，各附图中所示的步骤之间的先后顺序可以根据其功能和内在逻辑做出简单的变换；又例如，各附图中的步骤可以全部执行，也可以执行其中的一部分，只要能够实现与本申请实施例中相同的功能即可。
第七，本申请中，“示例”、“示例性地”、“例如”或“比如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例”、“示例性地”、“例如”或“比如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其他实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例”、“示例性地”、“例如”或“比如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。
本申请提供的技术方案可以应用于多种移动通信系统，例如：长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、侧链(sidelink，SL)通信系统，通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统或新无线接入技术(new radio access technology，NR)。其中，5G移动通信系统可以包括非独立组网(non-standalone，NSA)和/或独立组网(standalone，SA)。本申请提供的技术方案还可以应用于未来的通信系统，如未来移动通信系统等。本申请对此不作限定。
本申请实施例中所涉及的终端设备也可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置，终端设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端(access terminal)、用户单元(user unit)、用户站(user station)、移动站(mobile station)、移动台(mobile)、远方站(remote station)、远程终端(remote terminal)、移动设备(mobile equipment)、用户终端(user terminal)、无线通信设备(wireless telecom equipment)、用户代理(user agent)、用户装备(user equipment)或用户装置。终端设备可以是一种向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备，例如，具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、车载设备等。目前，一些终端的举例为：手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self-driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、可穿戴设备，5G网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的公用陆地移动通信网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的终端设备等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
作为示例而非限定，终端设备还可以IoT节点。IoT是未来信息技术发展的重要组成部分，其主要技术特点是将物品通过通信技术与网络连接，从而实现人机互连，物物互连的智能化网络。连接可以通过宽带技术，也可以通过窄带技术。IoT技术可以通过例如窄带(narrow band，NB)技术，做到海量连接，深度覆盖，终端省电。IoT技术包括反射通信技术、扩频技术、超宽带(ultra wide band，UWB)等，不再赘述。
作为示例而非限定，在本申请实施例中，该终端设备还可以是可穿戴设备。可穿戴设备也可以称为穿戴式智能设备，是应用穿戴式技术对日常穿戴进行智能化设计、开发出可以穿戴的设备的总称，如眼镜、手套、手表、服饰及鞋等。可穿戴设备即直接穿在身上，或是整合到用户的衣服或配件的一种便携式设备。可穿戴设备不仅仅是一种硬件设备，更是通过软件支持以及数据交互、云端交互来实现强大的功能。广义穿戴式智能设备包括功能全、尺寸大、可不依赖智能手机实现完整或者部分的功能，例如：智能手表或智能眼镜等，以及只专注于某一类应用功能，需要和其它设备如智能手机配合使用，如各类进行体征监测的智能手环、智能首饰等。
本申请实施例中，用于实现终端设备的功能的装置可以是终端设备，也可以是能够支持终端设备实现该功能的装置，例如芯片系统，该装置可以被安装在终端设备中或者和终端设备匹配使用。本申请实施例中，芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。在本申请实施例中仅以用于实现终端设备的功能的装置为终端设备为例进行说明，不对本申请实施例的方案构成限定。
本申请实施例中所涉及无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)设备是具有无线收发功能的设备。无线接入网设备可以提供无线通信功能服务，可以将终端设备接入到无线网络中。无线接入网也可以称为接入网设备或网络设备。本申请实施例中的RAN设备可以是指应用于蜂窝网络(或者说移动网络)中将终端设备接入到无线网络的无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)节点(或设备)，还可以是zig bee基站、主蓝牙(BT master)、主低功耗(bluetooth low energy，BLE)蓝牙(BLE master)、Lora基站、Wi-Fi接入点。
RAN设备例如可以是基站。基站可以广义地覆盖如下中的各种名称，或与如下名称进行替换，比如：节点B(NodeB)、演进型基站(evolved NodeB，eNB)、下一代基站(next generation NodeB，gNB)、中继站、接入点、传输点(transmitting and receiving point，TRP)、发射点(transmitting point，TP)、主站、辅站、多制式无线(motor slide retainer，MSR)节点、家庭基站、网络控制器、接入节点、无线节点、接入点(access point，AP)、传输节点、收发节点、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)、射频拉远单元(remote radio unit，RRU)、有源天线单元(active antenna unit，AAU)、射频头(remote radio head，RRH)、中心单元(central unit，CU)、分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)、射电单元(radio unit，RU)、定位节点等。基站可以是宏基站、微基站、中继节点、施主节点或类似物，或其组合。基站还可以指用于设置与前述设备或装置内的通信模块、调制解调器或芯片。基站还可以是移动交换中心以及D2D、V2X、M2M通信中承担基站功能的设备、未来通信网络中的网络侧设备、未来的通信系统中承担基站功能的设备等。基站可以支持相同或不同接入技术的网络。可选地，RAN节点还可以是服务器，可穿戴设备，车辆或车载设备等。例如，车辆外联(vehicle to everything，V2X)技术中的接入网设备可以为路侧单元(road side unit，RSU)。本申请的实施例对网络设备所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。
在一些部署中，由多个RAN节点协作协助终端实现无线接入，不同RAN节点分别实现基站的部分功能。例如，RAN节点可以是CU，DU，CU-CP，CU-UP，或者RU等。CU和DU可以是单独设置，或者也可以包括在同一个网元中，例如BBU中。RU可以包括在射频设备或者射频单元中，例如包括在RRU、AAU或RRH中。
RAN节点可以支持一种或多种类型的前传接口，不同前传接口，分别对应具有不同功能的DU和RU。若DU和RU之间的前传接口为通用公共无线电接口(common public radio interface，CPRI)，DU被配置用于实现基带功能中的一项或多项，RU被配置用于实现射频功能中的一项或多项。若DU和RU之间的前传接口为另一种接口，其相对于CPRI，将下行和/或上行的部分基带功能，比如，针对下行，预编码(precoding)，数字波束赋形(beamforming，BF)，或快速傅立叶反变换(inverse fast Fourier transform，IFFT)/添加循环前缀(cyclic prefix，CP)中的一项或多项，从DU中移至RU中实现，针对上行，数字波束赋形(beamforming，BF)，或快速傅立叶变换(fast Fourier transform，FFT)/去除循环前缀(cyclic prefix，CP)中的一项或多项，从DU中移至RU中实现。在一种可能的实现方式中，该接口可以为增强型通用公共无线电接口(enhanced common public radio interface，eCPRI)。在eCPRI架构下，DU和RU之间的切分方式不同，对应不同类型(category，Cat)的eCPRI，比如eCPRI Cat A,B,C,D,E,F。
一种可能的设计中，BBU中用于实现基带功能的处理单元称为基带高层(base band high，BBH)单元，RRU/AAU/RRH中用于实现基带功能的处理单元称为基带低层(base band low，BBL)单元。
应理解，在不同系统中，CU(或CU-CP和CU-UP)、DU或RU也可以有不同的名称，但是本领域的技术人员可以理解其含义。例如，在开放式无线接入网(open-RAN，O-RAN或ORAN)系统中，CU也可以称为O-CU(开放式CU)，DU也可以称为O-DU，CU-CP也可以称为O-CU-CP，CU-UP也可以称为O-CU-UP，RU也可以称为O-RU。本申请中的CU(或CU-CP、CU-UP)、DU和RU中的任一单元，可以是通过软件模块、硬件模块、或者软件模块与硬件模块结合来实现。
示例性的，参考图1，图1是一种基于分离式架构的网络设备的通信系统的示意图。如图1所示，RAN设备(例如可以是eNB或gNB或下一代接入网设备)通过回传链路(backhaul)与核心网(core network，CN)设备通信，并通过空口与终端通信。如图1所示，RAN设备中的BBU通过回传链路与核心网设备通信；RAN设备中的RU通过空口与至少一个终端通信。BBU通过前传链路(fronthaul，FH)与至少一个RU通信，BBU和RU可以是共址的，也可以不是共址的。BBU可以包括至少一个CU和至少一个DU，CU和DU之间可以通过中传链路(midhaul)进行通信。
本申请实施例中，用于实现网络设备的功能的装置可以是网络设备；也可以是能够支持网络设备实现该功能的装置，例如芯片系统、硬件电路、软件模块、或硬件电路加软件模块。该装置可以被安装在网络设备中或者和网络设备匹配使用。在本申请实施例中仅以用于实现网络设备的功能的装置为网络设备为例进行说明，不对本申请实施例的方案构成限定。
本申请中的网络设备可以为硬件设备，也可以是在专用硬件上运行的软件功能、或通用硬件上运行的软件功能，还可以是虚拟化的设备，比如，通过通用硬件和实例化的虚拟化功能，或者，专用硬件和实例化的虚拟化功能来实现。其中，通用硬件可以为服务器，比如，云服务器。
参考图2，图2示出了一种RAN设备芯片架构的示意图。如图2所示，区分为CU、DU和RU。CU执行层2(layer 2，L2)和层3(layer 3，L3)功能的平台；中传链路和回传链路接口用于承载CU和DU以及CU和核心网之间的流量；DU执行层1(layer 1，L1)和部分L2功能；RU执行L1计算和射频(radio frequency，RF)数字部分功能；前传链路和回传链路接口用于承载RU与DU以及CU和DU之间的流量；RU连接天线，天线可用于实现射频信号的收发。一体化DU则包括上述DU与RU功能。
CU/DU硬件包括机箱平台、主板、外围设备和冷却设备。主板包含处理单元、内存、内部输入输出(input/output，I/O)接口和外部连接端口。其硬件加速器设计有接口，硬件功能组件包括：软件、硬件和系统调试接口的存储、单板管理控制器。
CU/DU硬件包括机箱平台、主板、外围设备和冷却设备。主板包含处理单元、内存、内部I/O接口和外部连接端口。其硬件加速器设计有接口，硬件功能组件包括：软件、硬件和系统调试接口的存储、单板管理控制器。
DU系统通常也使用多核处理器和一个或多个硬件加速器实现。DU协议栈的部分内容可以在多核处理器上运行的软件中实现，计算密集型L1和L2功能可以卸载到基于现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)/图形处理单元(graphics processing unit，GPU)的硬件加速器或其他加速器上；或者全部L1功能卸载到基于FPGA/GPU的硬件加速器或其他加速器上，而其他协议栈内容在处理器上运行的软件中实现；或者全部协议栈在处理器上运行的软件中实现。硬件加速器支持与x86或非x86处理器互联。同理，加速器具有指向中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)的多通道外设组件互连扩展总线(peripheral component interconnect express，PCIe)接口，并通过GbE(Gigabit Ethernet)连接进行外部连接。
RU包括三个部分：RAN FH处理单元，数字处理单元(digital processing unit，DPU)和RF处理单元。
以O-RAN为例。O-RU的RAN FH处理单元可以为O-RAN处理单元(O-RAN processing unit，OPU)。OPU接收来自O-RAN前传的增强型通用公共无线电接口(enhanced common public radio interface，eCPRI)帧，并执行前传接口、最底层L1(编码、加扰、调制、层映射、预编码)、同步、波束赋形和资源单元映射。OPU可以实现为CPU、FPGA或专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)。
DPU执行同步、数字下变频(digital down converter，DDC)(上行(uplink，UL)中的数字下变频)、数字上变频(digital up converter，DUC)(下行(downlink，DL)中的数字上变频)、峰因子缩减(crest factor reduction，CFR)和数字预失真(digital pre-distortion，DPD)，通过降低RF前端的峰值平均功率比(peak to average power ratio，PARP)/相邻信道泄露比(adjacent channel leakage ratio，ACLR)来提高功放效率；DPU可以实现为FPGA或ASIC。O-RU的RF处理单元包括收发器模块、上/下变频器、功率放大器(power amplifier，PA)、低噪声放大器(low noise amplifier，LNA)、发送(transport，Tx)/接收(receive，Rx)滤波器。模拟域和数字域之间的所有转换(数模转换(digital-to-analog converter，DAC)和模数转换(analog-to-digital converter，ADC))(例如，(RF采样、在上变频和下变频中使用RF、中频(intermediate frequency，IF)和本地振荡器(local oscillator，LO)混合进行频率转换)都在收发器模块内执行。应注意，RF处理单元内的物理和逻辑分区不需要特定边界。
本申请实施例中，用于实现网络设备的功能的装置可以是网络设备；也可以是能够支持网络设备实现该功能的装置，例如芯片系统、硬件电路、软件模块、或硬件电路加软件模块。该装置可以被安装在网络设备中或者和网络设备匹配使用。在本申请实施例中仅以用于实现网络设备的功能的装置为网络设备为例进行说明，不对本申请实施例的方案构成限定。
网络设备和/或终端设备可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载；也可以部署在水面上；还可以部署在空中的飞机、气球和卫星上。本申请实施例中对网络设备和终端设备所处的场景不做限定。此外，终端设备和网络设备可以是硬件设备，也可以是在专用硬件上运行的软件功能，通用硬件上运行的软件功能，比如，是平台(例如，云平台)上实例化的虚拟化功能，又或者，是包括专用或通用硬件设备和软件功能的实体，本申请对终端设备和网络设备的具体形态不作限定。
示例性的，图3是适用于本申请实施例可以应用的几种场景的示意图。例如，基站和终端之间或终端之间的点对点传输(如图3中的(a)为基站和终端之间的点对点传输)、基站和终端的多跳(如图3中的(b)、图3中的(c))传输、多个RAN设备和终端的双连接(dual connectivity，DC)(如图3中的(d))或多连接等场景。需要说明的是，如上具体通信应用场景只是举例，并不产生限制。特别地，从业务的角度看，本申请实施例适用于诸多业务场景，例如扩展现实(extended reality，XR)业务中的数据编码场景、上行大容量场景等。
随着无线网络的发展与业务需求的演进，网络中存在一些成本低、体积小、不能携带大容量的电池的终端设备，例如IoT节点，这些终端设备面临着待机寿命短的问题。为解决该问题，提出了无线能量传输(wireless energy transfer，WPT)技术：通过收集环境中存在的能量来为这些终端设备进行无线充能，以为这些终端设备提供源源不断的能量。
在此说明的是，本申请实施例中，无线充能还可以简称为“充能”、“传能”、“充电”、“无线传能”、“无线充电”、“无线能量传输”、“射频能量传输”、“射频传能”、“射频充能”、“射频充电”等，其描述不构成本申请实施例的限制。下文中，均已“充能”进行描述。
下面介绍本申请涉及的技术术语。
天线端口：天线端口是一个逻辑上的概念。天线端口通常指的是一组有特定资源的资源元素(resource element，RE)，用于发送某种特定的信号。例如，LTE的信道状态信息参考信号(channel state information reference signals，CSI-RS)和NR及LTE的CSI-RS，每个天线端口都有自己的RE位置或码分位置，根据这些参数，可以知道这个天线端口上所发送的信号，进而进行信道估计，得到这个天线端口的信道信息。天线端口的概念与物理天线不同，因为它是一个逻辑上的抽象，不涉及具体的物理实现。与天线端口的逻辑概念不同，物理天线是一个物理上的实际概念。物理天线一般是指射频拉远单元RRU或有源天线单元AAU上的有滤波器和功放等的物理通道，即通常所说的这个设备几T几R的天线数。物理天线是一个物理实体，每个物理天线都会有对应的功率放大器、滤波器等实体器件。天线端口和物理天线之间不存在一一对应的关系。下行链路中，天线端口和下行参考信号可以是一一对应的：如果通过多个物理天线来传输同一个参考信号，那么这些物理天线就对应于一个天线端口。这意味着，一个物理端口可以对应一个物理天线，而一个天线端口则对应一个参考信号。多个物理端口可以映射到同一个天线端口上。
信道状态信息：包括终端设备与接入网设备之间的信道相关的信息，用于指示终端设备与接入网设备之间的信道状态。例如，信道状态信息包括以下至少一项：信号强度值、信道系数(channel coefficiency)的幅度、相位、或信道矩阵的秩等。信号强度值也可以称为信号能量值，信道强度值可以是参考信号接收功率(reference signal receiving power，RSRP)、或接收信号强度指示(received signal strength indication，RSSI)。信道系数可以是频域信道系数，或时域信道系数。
信道系数：发送端发送信号，该信号经过信道传播至接收端，接收端接收到的信号可以表示为发送端发送的信号乘以信道系数，因此信道系数刻画了发送端发送的信号经过信道传播产生的变化。信道系数可以为频域信道系数或者时域信道系数，用简单的数学公式可以表示如下公式1：
y＝hx+n——公式1
其中，x表示发送端发送的信号，y表示接收端接收到的信号，n表示噪声信号。x和y均为时域信号时，h表示时域信道系数。x和y均为频域信号时，h表示频域信道系数。信道系数可以通过信道估计算法估计得到。可选的，信道估计算法可以是最小二乘法(least square，LS)信道估计算法、最小均方误差(minimum mean square error，MMSE)，或线性最小均方误差(linear minimum mean square error，LMMSE)，还可以是其他信道估计算法，具体在此不再详细展开。
本申请中，可选的，用于为终端设备充能的无线信号，也即，充能信号，可以是以下至少一项：
1、用于传输数据的信号，即在通信的过程同时也实现能量传输的功能。
2、用于传输控制信令的信号，例如，物理下行共享信道(physical downlink shared channel，PDSCH)和/或物理下行控制信道(physical downlink control channel，PDCCH)承载的信号。
3、参考信号。例如，CSI-RS，解调参考信号(de-modulation reference signal，DMRS)，定位参考信号(positioning reference signal，PRS)，或相位跟踪参考信号(phase tracking reference signal，PTRS)等各类参考信号。
4、专用的非通信信号，例如，在某一个频点，某一个子载波，或者某一个频段内发送的单频点信号，例如正弦波信号等。
需要说明的是，上述充能信号仅仅是一些示例，充能信号也可以是其他无线信号。例如，方波信号，脉冲波信号，或多载波信号等。
观察到蜂窝移动通信网有大量网络设备部署，这些网络设备具备多天线，在发射电磁波信号的时候可以通过具有指向性的波束来增强发射的电磁波信号的能量，因此，提出了通过蜂窝移动通信网中基站发射的无线电磁波来为IoT节点提供源源不断的能量的方法。
示例性的，图4示出了现有技术中的一种通过无线电磁波为终端设备充能的方法。如图4所示，通过无线电磁波为终端设备充能的方法包括：
步骤1：终端设备向网络设备发送参考信号。
步骤2：网络设备基于终端设备发送的参考信号进行信道的估计，获得信道的测量结果。
步骤3：网络设备根据信道的测量结果生成预编码矩阵。
步骤4：网络设备基于预编码矩阵对调制信号进行预编码处理。
步骤5：网络设备将进行预编码处理后得到的信号发送至终端设备为终端设备进行充能。
该通过无线电磁波为终端设备充能的方法中，网络设备通过预编码的处理使得信号的能量具有指向性，因此可以较好的为终端设备进行充能。
目前，已经出现了配置有多天线的终端设备。可以理解的，多天线的终端设备相比单天线的终端设备来说，其接收信号的范围会增加，因此可以进一步提升充能效率。但是，当前为多天线的终端设备进行充能时，多天线的终端设备的充能效率仍非常低。
有鉴于此，本申请提供一种无线充能方法及相关装置，以提升为多天线的终端设备进行充能的充能效率。
下面，结合附图，说明本申请提供的无线充能方法。
参考图5，图5是本申请实施例提供的无线充能方法500的示意性流程图。图5只是以网络设备、终端设备交互的角度为例描述了该方法，而不应对本申请实施例构成任何限定。图5中的网络设备可替换为配置在网络设备设备中的组件(如芯片、芯片系统、处理器等)，或者，能够实现该网络设备的全部或部分功能的逻辑模块或软件等；图5中的终端设备可替换为配置在端设备中的组件(如芯片、芯片系统、处理器等)，或者，能够实现该终端设备设备的全部或部分功能的逻辑模块或软件等。
如图5所述，该方法500包括S510、S520。
S510，终端设备向网络设备发送第一信息，对应的，网络设备接收第一信息；第一信息用于指示终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型，合并电路用于合并接收的充能信号的能量，不同的合并类型对应的充能信号的合并方式不同，充能信号用于为终端设备充能。
本实施例中，终端设备中包括合并电路，合并电路用于合并接收的充能信号的能量。合并可以解释为：合并电路基于各个天线接收的充能信号得到为终端设备进行充能的能量。
示例性的，充能信号也可以称为传能信号，充电信号，无线充能信号，无线传能信号，无线充电信号，能量信号等。
可理解的，能够用于合并接收的充能信号的能量的合并电路的合并类型有多种，不同合并类型的合并电路在合并接收的充能信号的能量时的合并方式是不同的。合并方式不同可以理解为：基于各个天线接收的充能信号得到为终端设备进行充能的能量的方式不同。
示例性的，合并包括以下任意一种：第一合并类型、第二合并类型、第三合并类型。
具体地，在合并电路的合并类型为第一合并类型时，合并电路为将射频信号或中频信号转化为直流信号并将转化后的直流信号进行合并的第一合并电路。
例如，合并电路的合并类型为第一合并类型时，终端设备的所有天线均与合并电路连接，合并电路对连接的各个天线接收的射频信号或中频信号先分别经过整流再对分别进行整流后得到的信号进行合并。或者也可以解释为：在合并电路的合并类型为第一合并类型时，合并电路与终端设备的所有天线连接、合并电路对连接的各个天线接收的充能信号先分别经过整流再对分别进行整流后得到的信号进行合并，以得到向负载(例如终端设备的电池)提供的能量。
本申请中，将第一合并类型也称为直流合并类型。
示例性地，图6中的(a)示出了多天线的终端设备基于第一合并类型的合并电路为终端设备充能的示意图。如图6中的(a)所示，接收端(终端设备)中的合并电路包括整流器、1个合并单元，终端设备的所有天线都连接至合并电路。具体地：每个天线与一个整流器相连，整流器将连接的天线接收到的射频信号或者中频信号整流为直流电，所有整流器输出的直流电通过合并单元相加得到向负载提供的能量。例如，合并单元可以是加法器。
具体地，在合并电路的合并类型为第二合并类型时，合并电路为对射频信号或中频信号进行合并并将合并后的信号转化为直流信号的第二合并电路。
例如，合并电路的合并类型为第二合并类型时，终端设备的所有天线均与合并电路连接，合并电路对连接的各个天线接收的射频信号或中频信号进行合并以及再对合并后得到的信号进行整流。可选的，合并电路对连接的各个天线接收的射频信号或中频信号进行合并时，先对连接的各个天线接收的射频信号或中频信号进行第一处理，然后再对分别进行第一处理后得到的信号合并。例如第一处理包括移相处理。可理解的，本申请实施例中的第一处理不包括整流处理。或者也可以解释为：在合并电路的合并类型为第二合并类型时，合并电路与终端设备的所有天线连接、合并电路对连接的各个天线接收的充能信号先分别进行第一处理再对分别进行第一处理后得到的信号进行合并以及再对合并后得到的信号进行整流。
本申请的一种可能的实现方式中，将第二合并类型称为射频(RF)合并类型。在RF合并类型的合并电路中，由于RF合并类型的合并电路是无源器件，因此RF合并类型的合并电路的输入功率小于或等于输出功率。
示例性地，图6中的(b)示出了多天线的终端设备基于第二合并类型的合并电路为终端设备充能的示意图。如图6中的(b)所示，接收端(终端设备)中的合并电路包括信号处理单元、1个合并单元，终端设备的所有天线都连接至合并电路。具体地：合并电路先对各个天线接收的射频信号或中频信号通过合并单元进行合并，然后再对合并后得到的信号经过整流器进行整流，得到向负载提供的能量。
具体地，在合并类型为第三合并类型时，合并电路包括第一合并电路和第二合并电路，终端设备的一部分天线与第一合并电路连接，终端设备中的另一部分天线与第二合并电路连接。也即：在合并电路的合并类型为第三合并类型时，合并电路可以认为由第一合并电路和第二合并电路构成，第一合并电路与终端设备的一部分天线连接且第一合并电路对该一部分天线中的各个天线接收的射频信号或者中频信号先分别进行整流再对分别进行整流后得到的信号进行合并，第二合并电路与终端设备的另一部分天线连接，且第二合并电路对另一部分天线中的各个天线接收的射频信号或中频信号进行合并并将合并后的信号转化为直流信号。
本申请中，将第三合并类型也称为混合合并类型。
示例性地，图6中的(c)示出了多天线的终端设备基于第三合并类型的合并电路为终端设备充能的示意图。如图6中的(c)所示，接收端(终端设备)中的第三合并类型的合并电路包括第一合并电路和第二合并电路，第一合并电路中包括整流器和一个合并单元1，第二合并电路中包括一个合并单元2，终端设备的一部分天线与第一合并电路连接，终端设备中的另一部分天线与第二合并电路连接。第一合并电路将连接的每个天线接收到的射频信号整流为直流电，然后将所有整流器输出的直流电通过合并单元1相加；第二合并电路将连接的每个天线接收到的射频信号或者中频信号通过合并单元2进行合并，然后再对合并后得到的信号进行整流。可选的，第二合并电路将连接的每个天线接收到的射频信号或者中频信号进行第一处理，比如，移相处理后，通过合并单元2进行合并。
本实施例中，终端设备向网络设备发送第一信息，第一信息用于指示终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型。可选的，方法500还包括：S520，网络设备向终端设备发送第一请求，第一请求用于请求终端设备反馈第一信息；对应的，终端设备执行S510包括：终端设备响应于第一请求向网络设备发送第一信息。
示例性的，第一请求例如也可以称为充电能力查询请求信息，或者查询充能能力信息等。第一请求用于请求终端设备反馈第一信息则也可以解释为：第一请求用于请求终端设备反馈合并电路的合并类型。
以第一合并类型、第二合并类型和第三合并类型为例，说明终端设备通过第一信息向网络设备指示终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型的实现方式。
示例性的，在第一种实现方式中，第一信息可以包括第一信元(信元例如也可称为字段)，在第一信元取值是第一值时，表示终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型是第一合并类型(直流合并类型)，在第一信元取值是第二值时，表示终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型是第二合并类型(RF合并类型)，在第一信元取值是第三值时，表示终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型是第三合并类型(混合合并类型)。
例如，第一信元为2比特，该2比特取值为00时，表示第一合并类型；该2比特取值为01时，表示第二合并类型；该2比特取值为10时，表示第三合并类型。
又例如，第一信元为3比特，该3比特取值为100时，表示第一合并类型；该3比特取值为010时，表示第二合并类型；该3比特取值为001时，表示第三合并类型。
可选的，网络设备还可以向终端设备发送第二信元，第二信元用于指示终端设备包括的用于接收充能信号的天线端口的个数。在一种实现方式中，第二信元可以包含于第一信息中。在一种实现方式中，包括第二信元的信息和第一信息可以包括在同一消息中。在另一种实现方式中，包括第二信元的信息与第一信息是不同的信息，或者，包括第二信元的信息与第一信息包括在不同的消息中。
可选的，网络设备还可以向终端设备发送第三信元，第三信元用于指示终端设备的每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型。其中，每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型为以下任意一种：第一电路类型或者第二电路类型。其中，在电路对应的电路类型为第一电路类型时，电路用于将射频信号或中频信号转化为直流信号并将转化后的直流信号进行合并，在电路对应的电路类型为第二电路类型时，电路用于对射频信号或中频信号进行合并并将合并后的信号转化为直流信号。
在一种实现方式中，第三信元可以包含于第一信息中。在一种实现方式中，包括第三信元的信息和第一信息可以包含于同一消息中。在另一种实现方式中，包括第三信元的信息与第一信息是不同的信息，或者，包括在不同消息中。
在此说明的是，此处的比特取值列举的数字仅是示例，不构成本申请的限制。
示例性的，在第二种实现方式中，第一信息中可以包括K个指示信息，K的取值为终端设备包括的天线端口的个数，K个指示信息与K个天线端口一一对应，每个指示信息用于指示对应的天线端口对应的电路的电路类型。
可选的，每个指示信息对应的天线端口是协议预定义的，或者，由网络设备配置的，或者，由终端设备指示给网络设备的。比如，终端设备可以向网络设备上报K个指示信息中每个指示信息对应的天线端口的索引信息，以使得网络设备确定出K个指示信息中的每个指示信息对应的天线端口。
例如，以终端设备包括4个天线端口、0指示第一电路类型，1指示第二电路类型为例：若终端设备上报0000，那么网络设备接收到0000后，确定出终端设备的所有天线端口均对应第一电路类型的电路，从而得到终端设备的合并电路的合并类型的第一合并类型。
例如，以终端设备包括4个天线端口、0指示第一电路类型，1指示第二电路类型为例：若终端设备上报1111，那么网络设备接收到1111后，确定出终端设备的所有天线端口均对应第二电路类型的电路，从而得到终端设备的合并电路的合并类型的第二合并类型。
例如，以终端设备包括4个天线端口、0指示第一电路类型，1指示第二电路类型为例：若终端设备可以上报0101，那么网络设备接收到0101后，确定出终端设备的第一个天线端口和第三个天线端口都对应第一电路类型的电路以及终端设备的第二个天线端口和第四个天线端口都对应第二电路类型的电路，从而得到终端设备的合并电路的合并类型的第三合并类型。
可以理解的，在该第二种实现方式中，网络可以基于第一信息包括的指示信息的个数直接得到终端设备的天线端口的个数。
示例性的，在第三种实现方式中，第一信息中可以包括第四信元，在第四信元取值是第四值时表示是第一合并类型(直流合并类型)，在第四信元取值是第五值时表示是第二合并类型(RF合并类型)或者第三合并类型(混合合并类型)。进一步地，在第一信息中的第四信元的取值是第五值时，第一信息中还包括其他信元，该其他信元用于让网络设备结合第四信元确定出终端设备包括的合并电路到底是第二合并类型还是第三合并类型。
例如，以终端设备包括4个天线端口为例：若终端设备中的合并电路是第二合并类型的合并电路，第一信息中除了包括第四信元，还包括第五信元，第四信元取值是第五值，第五信元用于指示终端设备包括的天线端口的个数4；对应的，网络设备结合第四信元和第五信元确定出终端设备包括的合并电路是第二合并类型。
例如，以终端设备包括4个天线端口为例：若终端设备中的合并电路是第三合并类型的合并电路，第一信息中包括第四信元和第六信元，第四信元取值是第五值，第六信元用于指示每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型；对应的，网络设备结合第四信元和第六信元确定出终端设备包括的合并电路是第三合并类型。
可理解的，对于多天线的终端设备，当其合并电路的合并类型为第二合并类型或者第三合并类型时，也即终端设备包括第二合并电路时，终端设备可以通过合适的处理参数(例如包括移相参数)使得合并后得到的为终端设备充能的能量最大，从而提升多天线的终端设备的充电效率。
而本申请实施例提供的方法中，可以理解的，当终端设备向网络设备上报了第一信息后，网络设备就可以获知终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型。这样，网络设备在合并电路的合并类型为第二合并类型或者第三合并类型时，还可以基于信道的测量结果进一步确定第一权值向量，第一权值向量用于终端设备侧的第二合并电路对接收的充能信号的处理(例如移相处理)，从而增加终端设备的充能效率。
下面，结合图7，给出一个详细的为终端设备进行充能的实施例。如图7所示，该方法700包括：
S701，网络设备向终端设备发送第一请求；对应的，终端设备接收第一请求，第一请求用于请求终端设备反馈合并电路的合并类型。
其中，合并电路的合并类型的概念可以参考图5实施例中的描述，此次不予赘述。
可选的，方法700还可以包括S7011：网络设备向终端设备发送第六信息，第六信息用于向终端设备指示网络设备支持的用于充能的第二频段。
S702，终端设备响应于第一请求，向网络设备上报第一信息，第一信息用于指示终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型。
可选的，方法700还可以包括S7021：向网络设备发送第五信息，第五信息用于第一频段的确定，第一频段为终端设备可用于接收充能信号的频段。
其中，第一信息用于指示终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型。通过第一信息指示合并电路的合并类型的实现方式可以参考图5实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。
在一种实现方式中，终端设备上报的第五信息为终端设备自身支持的频段信息，对应的，网络设备基于第五信息和网络设备支持的用于充能的第二频段确定出第一频段。例如，网络设备将终端设备支持的频段和第二频段取交集后得到的频段确定为第一频段。
可选的，在方法700还包括S7011时，端设备接收到第六信息后，终端设备可以基于终端设备支持的频段和第六信息指示的第二频段确定终端设备可用于接收充能信号的第一频段，此时终端设备上报的第五信息则可以是第一频段的信息。例如，终端设备将自身支持的频段和第二频段取交集后得到的频段确定为第一频段。
示例性的，第五信息中包括第一频段的频段范围信息，以使得网络设备基于第五信息得到第一频段。
S703，终端设备在第一频段内发上行参考信号；对应的，网络设备接收上行参考信号。
将终端设备发送的上行参考信号也称为第一参考信号，本实施例对第一参考信号的具体形态不做限制。例如，上行参考信号可以是探测参考信号(sounding reference signal，SRS)。
S704，网络设备基于接收的上行参考信号进行信道的测量。
本实施例中，将网络设备基于接收的上行参考信号进行信道的测量后得到的测量结果也称为第一测量结果。
S705，网络设备基于测量得到的第一测量结果，在第一频段内的第一频域单元上发送充能信号；对应的，终端设备接收充能信号。
需要说明的是，本申请中的第一频域单元可以包括第一频段内的一个或多个子载波(即可以认为是子载波粒度的)、一个或多个资源块(resource block，RB)(即可以认为是RB粒度的)、一个或多个子带、或者以其他频域粒度划分的资源单元。
可理解的，当网络设备将充能信号集中在信道系数更大的第一频域单元上发送时，终端设备可以获得更大的充能效率。具体原理如下：
以将第一频域单元的信道矩阵记为Hf、分配到第一频域单元上的能量为Ef的充能信号记为sf，终端设备接收到的充能信号记为yf为例，那么：
若终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型是直流合并类型，终端设备接收到的充能信号yf＝Hfsf，接收到的充能信号的能量为||yf||2＝||Hfsf||2≤||Hf||2·||sf||2＝Ef·||Hf||2。也就是说，在第一频域单元上可以接收到的能量上限取决于第一频域单元上的信道质量，即||Hf||2的大小。
若终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型是RF合并类型，将终端设备还可以确定的第一权值向量记为wf，则在该RF合并类型下，第一频域单元上的接收到的充能信号的能量为y＝wfHfsf。由于RF合并电路是无源的，即终端设备包括的电路的输出功率小于或等于输入功率，这就导致了接收的第一权值向量受到||wf||2≤1的约束，因此，终端设备接收到的充能信号的能量为：
||yf||2＝||wfHfsf||2≤||wf||2·||Hf||2·||sf||2≤Ef·||Hf||2
也就是说，对于不同的合并类型，第一频域单元上的可接收的充能信号的能量上限均取决于该第一频域单元上的信道质量，即||Hf||2的大小。
因此，在一种实现方式中，网络设备可以基于测量得到的第一测量结果，确定出第一频域单元，第一频域单元满足终端设备在第一频域单元上接收充能信号时终端设备获得的能量高于终端设备在第一频段内的其他频域位置上接收充能信号时终端设备获得的能量，也即第一频域单元上的信道质量比较好。然后网络设备将充能信号集中到信道质量好的第一频域单元上发送，以提高终端设备侧的接收能量。
可选的，如图7所示，方法700还包括S7051：网络设备向终端设备发送第三信息，第三信息用于指示第一频域单元，即第三信息用于指示承载充能信号的频域单元，也即网络设备通过第三信息向终端设备指示承载充能信号的频域资源或者频域位置。对应的，终端设备接收充能信号，包括：终端设备基于第三信息接收在第一频域单元上接收充能信号。
可选的，在一种实现方式中，终端设备也可以使用全部的第一频段接收充能信号。
可选的，当终端设备上报的合并类型为RF合并类型或者混合合并类型时，在S705之前，方法700还包括：
S706，网络设备向终端设备发送第二信息，第二信息用于指示第一权值向量，其中，第一权值向量用于终端设备包括的第二合并电路合并接收的充能信号的能量。
例如，在一种实现方式中，第二信息中包括网络设备确定出的第一权值向量。即，该第一种实现方式中，网络设备向终端设备直接指示终端设备基于第一测量结果得到的第一权值向量。例如，在一种实现方式中，网络设备对测量得到的信道矩阵进行奇异值分解，得到第一权值向量。示例性的，第一权值向量为信道矩阵的最大奇异值对应的左奇异向量的共轭转置。
例如，在另一种实现方式中，可以在网络设备和终端设备中预设码本，该码本中包括至少一个权值向量。网络设备基于第一测量结果将预设的码本中最接近信道矩阵的最大奇异值对应的左奇异向量的共轭转置的权值向量确定为第一权值向量然后将第一权值向量的索引发送给终端设备，该第一权值向量的索引例如称为第一索引；对应的，终端设备从预设码本中获取索引为第一索引的第一权值向量。
例如，在又一种实现方式中，第二信息中包括用于指示第一信道系数的信息或者第二信息中包括第一信道系数；对应的，终端设备基于第二信息确定出第一权值向量。示例的，第一信道系数的信息包括预编码矩阵的信息，层数信息，或，信道矩阵的信息等中的一项或多项。例如，网络设备根据第一测量结果，在向终端设备发送的第二信息中包括用于指示传输预编码矩阵(transmission precoding matrix indication，TPMI)和传输层数(transmission rank indication，TRI)的信息。相应地，终端设备基于第二信息确定第一权值向量。例如，终端设备基于网络设备发送的第二信息得到网络设备确定的信道矩阵，然后对该信道矩阵进行奇异值分解，将信道矩阵的最大奇异值对应的左奇异向量的共轭转置确定为第一权值向量。
结合图8，给出该图8所示的实施例的时频资源占用规则。如图8所示，网络设备发送第一请求，终端设备接收到第一请求后上报第一信息以及网络设备和终端设备侧均可用于充能的第一频段，例如，图8中终端设备反馈的第一频段中包括频域单元f2、频域单元f3、频域单元f4，终端设备在该三个频域单元处发送第一参考信号，网络设备基于接收的参考信号进行信道的测量，测量完成后，网络设备发送第三信息用于指示承载充能信号的频域单元，例如，网络设备指示频域单元f3和频域单元f4承载充能信号，则网络设备只在上述频域单元f3和频域单元f4发送充能信号，终端设备也在相应频域单元f3和频域单元f4上接收充能信号。
可以看出，该图7的实施例中，终端设备通过上报包括的合并电路的合并类型，使得网络设备可以确定是否需要向终端设备发送第一权值向量，从而提升终端设备充能效率。另外，由于终端设备向网络设备上报终端设备可用于接收充能信号的频段，限制了网络设备进行信道测量的频段范围。
图9是本申请实施例提供的无线充能方法的示意性流程图。图9只是以网络设备、终端设备交互的角度为例描述了该方法，而不应对本申请实施例构成任何限定。图9中的网络设备可替换为配置在网络设备设备中的组件(如芯片、芯片系统、处理器等)，或者，能够实现该网络设备的全部或部分功能的逻辑模块或软件等；图9中的终端设备可替换为配置在端设备中的组件(如芯片、芯片系统、处理器等)，或者，能够实现该终端设备设备的全部或部分功能的逻辑模块或软件等。
如图9所述，该方法900包括：
S901，网络设备向终端设备发送第一请求，对应的，终端设备接收第一请求；第一请求用于请求终端设备反馈合并电路的合并类型。
其中，合并电路的合并类型的概念可以参考图5实施例中的描述，此次不再赘述。
可选的，方法900还可以包括S9011：网络设备向终端设备发送第六信息，第六信息用于向终端设备指示网络设备支持的用于充能的第二频段。
S902，终端设备响应于第一请求，向网络设备发送第一信息，第一信息用于指示终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型。
可选的，该图9的实施例中，方法900还可以包括S9021：终端设备向网络设备发送第五信息，第五信息用于第一频段的确定，第一频段为终端设备可用于接收充能信号的频段。
第一频段的详细描述可以参考图7实施例中S701～S702的描述，此处不再赘述。
S903，网络设备在第一频段上发送下行参考信号；对应的，终端设备接收下行参考信号。
在此说明的是，本实施例中，将网络设备在第一频段上发送的下行参考信号也称为第二参考信号。例如，下行参考信号可以是CSI-RS。
S904，终端设备基于接收的下行参考信号进行信道的测量。
本实施例中，将终端设备基于接收的下行参考信号进行信道的测量后得到的测量结果也称为第二测量结果。
S905，终端设备基于测量得到的第二测量结果，向网络设备发送第四信息以及向网络设备指示承载充能信号的第二频域单元，第四信息用于网络设备确定发送充能信号时使用的第二权值向量。
本实施例中，承载网络设备发送的充能信号的第二频域单元位于第一频段内。可选的，在一种实现方式中，终端设备可以基于测量得到的信道系数，确定出第二频域单元，第二频域单元满足终端设备在第二频域单元上接收充能信号时终端设备获得的能量高于终端设备在第一频段内的其他频域位置上接收充能信号时终端设备获得的能量，也即第二频域单元可以认为是信道质量好的频段。然后终端设备指示网络设备在第二频域单元上发送充能信号。
例如，在一种实现方式中，第四信息中包括第二权值向量。即，该第一种实现方式中，终端设备向网络设备直接指示终端设备基于第二测量结果得到的第二权值向量。例如，在一种实现方式中，终端设备对测量得到的得到的信道矩阵进行奇异值分解，得到第二权值向量。示例性的，第二权值向量为信道矩阵的最大奇异值对应的右奇异向量的共轭转置。
例如，在另一种实现方式中，可以在网络设备和终端设备中预设码本，该码本中包括至少一个权值向量。终端设备基于第二测量结果将预设的码本中最接近信道矩阵的最大奇异值对应的右奇异向量的共轭转置的权值向量确定为第二权值向量，然后将第二权值向量的索引发送给网络设备，该第二权值向量的索引例如称为第二索引；对应的，网络设备从预设码本中获取索引为第二索引的第二权值向量。
例如，在另一种实现方式中，第四信息中包括用于指示第二信道系数的信息或者第四信息中包括第二信道系数。例如，在一种实现方式中，终端设备得到第二测量结果后，向网络设备反馈预编码矩阵指示(precoding matrix indicator，PMI)，对应的，网络设备基于终端设备反馈的PMI确定出终端设备指示的预编码矩阵，进而获得相应的第二权值向量。可选的，指示的预编码矩阵可以为第二权值向量。
S906，网络设备在第二频域单元上发送充能信号；对应的，终端设备在第二频域单元上接收充能信号。
可以看出，该实施例与图7实施例的不同之处在于，终端设备进行信道测量后，若终端设备的合并电路中包括第二合并电路，终端设备的第一权值向量可以由终端设备自己计算得到(例如第一权值向量为终端设备基于下行参考信号测量得到的信道矩阵的最大奇异值对应的左奇异向量的共轭转置)，不需要网络设备反馈。此外，终端设备也可以计算出网络设备发送充能信号时使用的第二权值向量，并向网络设备发送用于网络设备确定第二权值向量的第四信息，从而提升终端设备的充能效率。
结合图10，给出该图9所示的实施例的时频资源占用规则。如图10所示，网络设备发送第一请求，终端设备接收到第一请求后上报第一信息以及网络设备和终端设备侧均可用于充能的第一频段，例如，图10中终端设备反馈的第一频段中包括频域单元f2、频域单元f3、频域单元f4，则网络设备在该三个频域单元处发送下行参考信号，终端设备基于接收的参考信号进行信道的测量，测量完成后，终端设备指示承载充能信号的频域单元并指示网络设备发送充能信号时使用的第二权值向量，例如，终端设备指示频域单元f3、频域单元f4承载充能信号，则网络设备只在频域单元f3、频域单元f4上发送充能信号，终端设备也在频域单元f3、频域单元f4上接收充能信号。
上文所提供的方法可应用于不同的网络架构中。例如，上述网络设备可以是分布式部署的接入网设备，该接入网设备可以包括CU、DU和RU。
示例性地，将本申请提供的无线充能方法应用于图1所示的架构中的一种可能的流程如下：
步骤1-1：核心网设备通过回传链路向接入网设备发送能力查询请求，接入网设备中的CU收到能力查询请求。
步骤1-2：CU向DU发送请求指令，DU收到请求指令。
步骤1-3：DU通过前传链路向RU发送能力查询请求和接收反馈的请求。
可选的，接收反馈的请求中可以包括请求反馈终端设备可用于接收充能信号的时域资源或频域资源中的一项或多项的请求。
步骤1-4：终端设备接收能力查询请求，反馈第一信息(即进行能力上报)，并发送上行参考信号。
步骤1-5：RU收到终端设备发送的上行参考信号后，开始信号测量，并将测量到的信号下变频处理之后返回发送给DU进行进一步的处理。
步骤1-6：DU收到基带信号，并进行信道测量，并将处理之后的测量信息发送给CU。
步骤1-7：CU将收到的信息打包好，返回给核心网设备。
步骤1-8：若终端设备存在第二合并电路，核心网设备根据CU反馈的测量信息，通过回传链路、中传链路、前传链路，经过CU、DU，最终由RU将第二合并电路所需的第一权值向量发送给终端设备。
步骤1-9：核心网设备根据CU反馈的测量信息，对终端设备进行充能。
该方案中，核心网设备请求网络设备上报终端设备的多天线配置能力，接入网设备通过CU，DU，RU中的至少两项之间的相互配合完成终端设备的能力上报和参考信号的测量，最后根据终端设备的能力，判断是否需要下发相应信息给终端设备，有助于核心网设备设计发射信号波形，提高充能效率。
示例性地，本申请提供的无线充能方法应用于图2所示的架构中。例如，以图7所示的实施例为例，无线充能方法的一种可能的流程如下：
步骤1-1：核心网设备通过回传链路向接入网设备发送能力查询请求，接入网设备中的CU收到能力查询请求。CU包括x86架构或者非x86架构的CPU，以及FPGA、GPU或其它加速器等类型芯片。该x86架构或者非x86架构的CPU处理来自核心网设备的请求，其中涉及到的一些逻辑运算，例如简单的求和等底层运算模块由FPGA、GPU或其它加速器处理，处理完之后将结果反馈给CPU，CPU进行进一步地控制操作，例如判断是否向DU发送测量指令。CPU和FPGA、GPU或其它加速器之间的接口可以为PCIe接口。
步骤1-2：CU向DU发送信号测量和终端设备能力上报请求，DU收到测量指令。DU同样包括x86架构或者非x86架构的CPU，以及FPGA、GPU或其它加速器等类型芯片；该x86架构或者非x86架构的CPU处理来CU的测量指令，其中涉及到的一些逻辑运算，例如简单的求和等底层运算模块由FPGA、GPU或其它加速器处理，处理完之后将结果反馈给CPU，CPU进行进一步地控制操作，例如判断是否向RU发送控制指令。CPU和FPGA、GPU或其它加速器之间的接口可以为PCIe接口。
步骤1-3：DU通过前传链路向RU发送信号测量和接收反馈的请求。RU包括前传处理单元，用于处理来自DU的指令，前传处理单元可以为CPU，或者专用芯片，例如FPGA或ASIC类型芯片；前传处理芯片基于DU的指令，调度数字信号处理模块处理来自RF处理模块的信号；数字信号处理模块执行包括快速傅立叶变换(fast Fourier transform，FFT)调制解调等相关的操作；RF处理芯片主要处理下变频，频谱拼接/搬移类的操作，并将处理结果发送给数字处理芯片。
步骤1-4：射频单元将信号测量和终端设备能力上报请求发送出去，并将收到的能力上报和参考信号下变频处理之后返回发送给DU进行进一步的处理。
步骤1-5：DU收到基带信号，进行处理，得到终端能力以及信道信息，并计算在该条件下，发射的充能信号的设计。
步骤1-6：DU将处理之后的信息发送给CU。
步骤1-7：CU将收到的测量信息和终端设备能力打包好，返回给核心网设备。
步骤1-8：若终端设备存在第二合并电路，核心网设备收到CU反馈的测量信息以及终端设备能力后，需要通过CU、DU和RU将第二合并电路所需的第一权值向量发送给终端设备。
步骤1-9：核心网设备收到CU反馈的测量信息以及终端设备能力，对终端设备进行充能。
接入网设备内部通过不同芯片之间的相互协同，例如，CPU主要控制逻辑决策，加速器处理并行简单运算，数字处理芯片专门进行数字信号处理操作等，有利于提升效率。通过芯片之间的相互协作，实现终端设备多天线的能力上报，对多发多收的充能信号进行设计，从而提升充能效率。
可以理解的是，以上接入网设备的CU可以替换为第一CU，接入网设备的DU可以替换为第一DU，接入网设备的RU可以替换为第一RU。这种情况下，第一CU，第一DU，第一RU中的一项或多项也可以为各自独立的设备，以上它们分别所涉及的动作可以形成它们各自实现的方法，在此不予赘述。
下面将结合图11和图12详细描述本申请实施例提供的通信装置。
图11为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构性示意图。具体地，如图11所示，该装置1100包括：收发模块1101和处理模块1102。
一种可能的设计是，装置1100用于实现上述图5至图9实施例中所示的方法实施例中终端设备或网络设备的功能。下面以装置1100用于实现上述图5至图9实施例中所示的方法实施例中终端设备的功能为例进行说明。
示例性的，收发模块1101，用于向网络设备发送第一信息，第一信息用于指示终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型，合并电路用于合并接收的充能信号的能量，不同的合并类型对应的充能信号的合并方式不同，充能信号用于为终端设备充能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，电路类型包括以下任意一种：合并类型包括以下任意一种：第一合并类型、第二合并类型、或者第三合并类型；
在合并类型为第一合并类型时，合并电路为将射频信号或中频信号转化为直流信号并将转化后的直流信号进行合并的第一合并电路；在合并类型为第二合并类型时，合并电路为对射频信号或中频信号进行合并并将合并后的信号转化为直流信号的第二合并电路；在合并类型为第三合并类型时，合并电路包括第一合并电路和第二合并电路，终端设备的一部分天线与第一合并电路连接，终端设备中的另一部分天线与第二合并电路连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块1101还用于：接收来自网络设备的第一请求，第一请求用于请求终端设备反馈第一信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若第一信息指示合并类型为第二合并类型或者第三合并类型，所述方法还包括，收发模块1101还用于：接收来自网络设备的第二信息，第二信息用于终端设备确定第一权值向量，第一权值向量用于第二合并电路合并接收的充能信号的能量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二信息中包括以下一种或多种：指示第一信道系数的信息、第一信道系数、所述第一权值向量、或者第一权值向量的索引。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块1101还用于：向网络设备发送第一参考信号；其中，第二信息基于第一测量结果，第一测量结果基于第一参考信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块1101还用于：接收来自网络设备的第三信息，第三信息用于指示充能信号的频域资源，充能信号的频域资源基于第一测量结果。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块1101还用于：向网络设备发送第四信息，第四信息用于第二权值向量的确定，第二权值向量用于网络设备对待发送的充能信号的处理。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第四信息中包括以下一种或多种：指示第二信道系数的信息、第二信道系数、所述第二权值向量、或者所述第二权值向量的第二索引。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块1101还用于：接收所述网络设备发送的第二参考信号；处理模块1102还用于：基于第二测量结果得到第二权值向量，第二测量结果基于第二参考信号得到。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一信息中包括用于指示终端设备的每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型；每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型为第一电路类型或者第二电路类型，其中，在电路对应的电路类型为第一电路类型时，电路用于将射频信号或中频信号转化为直流信号并将转化后的直流信号进行合并，在电路对应的电路类型为第二电路类型时，电路用于对射频信号或中频信号进行合并并将合并后的信号转化为直流信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一信息中还包括用于指示终端设备包括的天线端口数的信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块1101还用于：向网络设备发送第五信息，第五信息用于指示第一频段，第一频段为终端设备可用于接收充能信号的频段；其中，网络设备发送的充能信号的频域资源位于第一频段内。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块1101还用于：接收来自网络设备的第六信息，第六信息用于向终端设备指示网络设备支持的用于充能的第二频段；其中，第一频段基于第二频段得到且第一频段位于第二频段内。
下面以装置1100用于实现上述图5至图9实施例中所示的方法实施例中网络设备的功能为例进行说明。
具体地，收发模块1101，用于接收来自终端设备的第一信息，第一信息用于指示终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型，合并电路用于合并接收的充能信号的能量，不同的合并类型对应的充能信号的合并方式不同，充能信号用于为所述终端设备充能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，合并类型包括以下任意一种：第一合并类型、第二合并类型、或者第三合并类型；
在合并类型为第一合并类型时，合并电路为将射频信号或中频信号转化为直流信号并将转化后的直流信号进行合并的第一合并电路；在合并类型为第二合并类型时，合并电路为对射频信号或中频信号进行合并并将合并后的信号转化为直流信号的第二合并电路；在合并类型为第三合并类型时，合并电路包括第一合并电路和所述第二合并电路，终端设备的一部分天线与第一合并电路连接，终端设备中的另一部分天线与第二合并电路连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块1101还用于：向终端设备发送第一请求，第一请求用于请求终端设备反馈第一信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若第一信息指示合并类型为第二合并类型或者第三合并类型，收发模块1101还用于：向终端设备发送向终端设备发送第二信息，第二信息用于终端设备确定第一权值向量，第一权值向量用于第二合并电路合并接收的充能信号的能量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二信息中包括以下一种或多种：指示第一信道系数的信息、第一信道系数、第一权值向量、或者第一权值向量的第一索引。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块1101还用于：接收终端设备发送的第一参考信号；处理模块1102用于：基于第一参考信号得到第一测量结果；处理模块1102还用于：基于第一测量结果和第一信息确定第一权值向量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块1101还用于：向终端设备发送第三信息，第三信息用于指示充能信号的频域资源，充能信号的频域资源基于第一测量结果。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块1101还用于：接收终端设备发送的第四信息，第四信息用于网络设备确定第二权值向量，第二权值向量用于网络设备对待发送的充能信号的处理。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第四信息中包括以下一种或多种：指示第二信道系数的信息、第二信道系数、第二权值向量、或者第二权值向量的索引。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块1101还用于：向终端设备发送第二参考信号；其中，第二参考信号用于终端设备得到第二测量结果，第二测量结果用于终端设备确定第二权值向量。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一信息包括用于指示终端设备的每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型的信息；每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型为第一电路类型或者第二电路类型，其中，在所述电路对应的电路类型为所述第一电路类型时，所述电路用于将射频信号或中频信号转化为直流信号并将转化后的直流信号进行合并，在所述电路对应的电路类型为所述第二电路类型时，所述电路用于对射频信号或中频信号进行合并并将合并后的信号转化为直流信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一信息中还包括用于指示终端设备包括的天线端口数的信息。
图12为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构性示意图。图12所示的装置可以用于执行前述任意一个实施例所述的方法。
如图12所示，本实施例的装置1200包括：处理电路1202。
该处理电路1202可以为一个或多个处理器，或者，为一个或多个处理器中用于处理或控制的电路中的全部或部分电路。
在一种实现方式中，装置1200还包括通信电路1203。
该通信电路1203可以为收发器，输入输出电路，或，通信接口。进一步的，还可以包括存储器1201。
可选的，装置1200还可以包括总线1204，该存储器1201、处理电路1202、通信接口1203中的至少两项通过总线1204实现彼此之间的通信连接。
可选的，当装置1200为网络设备或终端设备时，所述通信电路1203可以为收发器，输入输出电路，或，通信接口。
可选的，当装置1200为用于网络设备或终端设备的芯片时，所述通信电路1203可以为输入输出电路。
可选的，该芯片可以为专用集成电路ASIC，或者，片上系统SOC，或者，模组。
当装置1200用于实现前述实施例中所述的方法时，处理电路1202用于执行上述处理单元的功能，通信电路1203用于执行上述收发模块的功能。通信电路1203用于发送还是接收，具体可以视该装置1200执行的方案中用于执行发送动作还是接收动作。
存储器1201可以是只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)，静态存储设备，动态存储设备或者随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)。存储器1201可以存储程序，当存储器1201中存储的程序被处理电路1202执行时，处理电路1202用于执行图5至图10所示的方法的各个步骤。
处理电路1202可以采用通用的中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，微处理器，应用专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或者一个或多个集成电路，用于执行相关程序，以实现本申请实施例图5至图10所示的方法。
处理电路1202还可以是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，本申请实施例图5至图10的方法的各个步骤可以通过处理电路1202中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。
上述处理电路1202还可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processing，DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是常规的处理器等。
结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器1201，处理电路1202读取存储器1201中的信息，结合其硬件完成本申请装置包括的单元所需执行的功能，例如，可以执行图5至图10所示实施例的各个步骤/功能。
通信电路1203可以使用但不限于收发器一类的收发装置，来实现装置1200与其他设备或通信网络之间的通信。
总线1204可以包括在装置1200各个部件(例如，存储器1201、处理电路1202、通信电路1203)之间传送信息的通路。
应理解，本申请实施例所示的装置1200可以是电子设备，或者，也可以是配置于电子设备中的芯片。该装置1200可以部署在终端设备中，或者也可以部署在网络设备中。
上述实施例，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或其他任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，上述实施例可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令或计算机程序。在计算机上加载或执行所述计算机指令或计算机程序时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以为通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集合的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质。半导体介质可以是固态硬盘。
应理解，本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况，其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系，但也可能表示的是一种“和/或”的关系，具体可参考前后文进行理解。
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a,b,或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a,b,c,a-b,a-c,b-c,或a-b-c，其中a,b,c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器、随机存取存储器、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。

Claims (32)

  1. 一种无线充电方法，其特征在于，应用于终端设备，包括：
    向网络设备发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示所述终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型，所述合并电路用于合并接收的充能信号的能量，不同的合并类型对应的充能信号的合并方式不同，所述充能信号用于为所述终端设备充能。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述合并类型包括以下任意一种：第一合并类型、第二合并类型、或者第三合并类型；
    在所述合并类型为所述第一合并类型时，所述合并电路为将射频信号或中频信号转化为直流信号并将转化后的直流信号进行合并的第一合并电路；
    在所述合并类型为所述第二合并类型时，所述合并电路为对射频信号或中频信号进行合并并将合并后的信号转化为直流信号的第二合并电路；
    在所述合并类型为所述第三合并类型时，所述合并电路包括所述第一合并电路和所述第二合并电路，所述终端设备的一部分天线与所述第一合并电路连接，所述终端设备中的另一部分天线与所述第二合并电路连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述网络设备的第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求所述终端设备反馈所述第一信息。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述第一信息指示所述合并类型为所述第二合并类型或者第三合并类型，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述网络设备的第二信息，所述第二信息用于所述终端设备确定第一权值向量，所述第一权值向量用于所述第二合并电路合并接收的充能信号的能量。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息中包括以下一种或多种：指示第一信道系数的信息、第一信道系数、所述第一权值向量、或者所述第一权值向量的索引。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述网络设备发送第一参考信号；
    其中，所述第二信息基于第一测量结果，所述第一测量结果基于所述第一参考信号。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述网络设备的第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示所述充能信号的频域资源，所述充能信号的频域资源基于所述第一测量结果。
  8. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述网络设备发送第四信息，所述第四信息用于第二权值向量的确定，所述第二权值向量用于所述网络设备对待发送的所述充能信号的处理。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第四信息中包括以下一种或多种：指示第二信道系数的信息、第二信道系数、所述第二权值向量、或者所述第二权值向量的索引。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收所述网络设备发送的第二参考信号；
    基于第二测量结果得到所述第四信息，所述第二测量结果基于所述第二参考信号得到。
  11. 根据权利要求2至10中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息包括用于指示所述终端设备的每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型的信息；
    所述每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型为第一电路类型或者第二电路类型；
    其中，在所述电路对应的电路类型为所述第一电路类型时，所述电路用于将射频信号或中频信号转化为直流信号并将转化后的直流信号进行合并，在所述电路对应的电路类型为所述第二电路类型时，所述电路用于对射频信号或中频信号进行合并并将合并后的信号转化为直流信号。
  12. 根据权利要求2至10中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息中还包括用于指示所述终端设备包括的天线端口数的信息。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12中任一项的所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述网络设备发送第五信息，所述第五信息用于指示第一频段，所述第一频段为所述终端设备可用于接收所述充能信号的频段；
    其中，所述网络设备发送的充能信号的频域资源位于所述第一频段内。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述网络设备的第六信息，所述第六信息用于向所述终端设备指示所述网络设备支持的用于充能的第二频段；
    其中，所述第一频段基于所述第二频段得到且所述第一频段位于所述第二频段内。
  15. 一种无线充电方法，其特征在于，应用于网络设备，包括：
    接收来自终端设备的第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示所述终端设备包括的合并电路的合并类型，所述合并电路用于合并接收的充能信号的能量，不同的合并类型对应的充能信号的合并方式不同，所述充能信号用于为所述终端设备充能。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述合并类型包括以下任意一种：第一合并类型、第二合并类型、或者第三合并类型；
    在所述合并类型为所述第一合并类型时，所述合并电路为将射频信号或中频信号转化为直流信号并将转化后的直流信号进行合并的第一合并电路；
    在所述合并类型为所述第二合并类型时，所述合并电路为对射频信号或中频信号进行合并并将合并后的信号转化为直流信号的第二合并电路；
    在所述合并类型为所述第三合并类型时，所述合并电路包括所述第一合并电路和所述第二合并电路，所述终端设备的一部分天线与所述第一合并电路连接，所述终端设备中的另一部分天线与所述第二合并电路连接。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述终端设备发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求所述终端设备反馈所述第一信息。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述第一信息指示所述合并类型为所述第二合并类型或者第三合并类型，所述方法还包括：
    向所述终端设备发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于所述终端设备确定第一权值向量，所述第一权值向量用于所述第二合并电路合并接收的充能信号的能量。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息中包括以下一种或多种：指示第一信道系数的信息、第一信道系数、所述第一权值向量、或者所述第一权值向量的索引。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收所述终端设备发送第一参考信号；
    其中，所述第二信息基于第一测量结果，所述第一测量结果基于所述第一参考信号。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述终端设备发送第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示所述充能信号的频域资源，所述充能信号的频域资源基于所述第一测量结果。
  22. 根据权利要求16或17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收所述终端设备发送的第四信息，所述第四信息用于所述网络设备确定第二权值向量，所述第二权值向量用于所述网络设备对待发送的所述充能信号的处理。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第四信息中包括以下一种或多种：指示第二信道系数的信息、第二信道系数、所述第二权值向量、或者所述第二权值向量的索引。
  24. 根据权利要求22或23所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述终端设备发送第二参考信号；
    其中，第二参考信号用于所述终端设备得到第二测量结果，所述第二测量结果用于所述终端设备确定第二权值向量。
  25. 根据权利要求16至24中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息包括用于指示所述终端设备的每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型的信息；
    所述每个天线端口对应的电路的电路类型为第一电路类型或者第二电路类型；
    其中，在所述电路对应的电路类型为所述第一电路类型时，所述电路用于将射频信号或中频信号转化为直流信号并将转化后的直流信号进行合并，在所述电路对应的电路类型为所述第二电路类型时，所述电路用于对射频信号或中频信号进行合并并将合并后的信号转化为直流信号。
  26. 根据权利要求16至24中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息中还包括用于指示所述终端设备包括的天线端口数的信息。
  27. 根据权利要求15至26中任一项的所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收来自所述终端设备的第五信息，所述第五信息用于指示第一频段，所述第一频段为所述终端设备可用于接收所述充能信号的频段；
    其中，所述网络设备发送的充能信号的频域资源位于所述第一频段内。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述终端设备发送第六信息，所述第六信息用于向所述终端设备指示所述网络设备支持的用于充能的第二频段；
    其中，所述第一频段基于所述第二频段得到且所述第一频段位于所述第二频段内。
  29. 一种无线充能装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求1至28中任一项所述的方法的模块。
  30. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被运行时，使得如权利要求1至28中任一项所述的方法被实现。
  31. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品中包括计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被运行时，使得如权利要求1至28中任一项所述的方法被实现。
  32. 一种无线充能装置，其特征在于，包括一个或多个处理器和通信电路，通信电路用于装置进行信号的输入或输出中的至少一项；所述一个或多个处理器用于实现如权利要求1至28中任一项所述的方法。
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