WO2025255891A1 - 一种污泥全水分的测定方法 - Google Patents
一种污泥全水分的测定方法Info
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- WO2025255891A1 WO2025255891A1 PCT/CN2024/105290 CN2024105290W WO2025255891A1 WO 2025255891 A1 WO2025255891 A1 WO 2025255891A1 CN 2024105290 W CN2024105290 W CN 2024105290W WO 2025255891 A1 WO2025255891 A1 WO 2025255891A1
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- sludge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
- G01N5/045—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder for determining moisture content
Definitions
- This invention belongs to the field of coal composition analysis, specifically relating to a method for determining the total moisture content of sludge.
- Sludge incineration is a process that utilizes the heat contained in the sludge itself, with the addition of auxiliary fuel when necessary, to achieve the complete and harmless disposal of sludge through combustion.
- Sludge incineration results in thorough volume reduction, can be co-processed with other materials, has a fast processing speed, saves space, and the heat energy generated during sludge combustion can be recovered and reused.
- Sludge testing items generally include elemental analysis, industrial analysis, calorific value analysis, mercury and chlorine analysis, etc.
- sludge testing items are generally expressed on an as-received basis, that is, based on the sludge in its received state.
- Total moisture content is an important data point for converting to an as-received basis. Therefore, accurate measurement of sludge total moisture content is fundamental to sludge co-firing in power plants.
- the present invention aims to solve the above problems and provides a method for determining the total moisture content of sludge, which is simple, fast and efficient.
- a method for determining the total moisture content of sludge characterized by comprising the following steps:
- sample particles undergo secondary drying and mixing with additives; the dried and dehydrated sample particles are mixed with a certain mass of drying additives and then powdered.
- step 1) a certain mass of sludge sample is weighed and recorded as m1;
- step 2) the mass of the additive is recorded as m2;
- step 1)
- the sludge sample is placed in an oven to dry for a certain period of time, and the sludge sample forms a solid block after preliminary drying;
- step 2)
- step 3
- the additive contains inorganic mineral materials and consists of the following components by weight percentage: 50-70% artificial volcanic ash, 10-30% gypsum, and 0-20% limestone.
- Artificial volcanic ash is a composite of one or more of the following: slag, steel slag, fly ash, magnesium smelting reducing slag, coal gasification furnace ash, and silica fume.
- the raw materials of the inorganic mineral material are mixed according to the mixing ratio, and then stirred into a uniform mixture to obtain the inorganic mineral composite material. After mixing, the inorganic mineral composite material is placed in an oven and dried for a certain period of time to obtain the pre-dried additive.
- All raw materials for the additives have a particle size of less than 200 mesh.
- the additives and sludge should be mixed at a ratio of 1:5-10.
- drying sludge additive Due to the strong adhesive properties of sludge, a two-step crushing method was adopted, involving the addition of a drying sludge additive.
- This drying sludge additive features low moisture content, weak adhesiveness, and good wear resistance. When mixed with the sludge for pulverization, it solves the problem of sludge easily sticking to the pulverizing tank and being difficult to crush. Furthermore, it facilitates the sludge drying process. Water evaporates and precipitates upon heating. Three drying processes are performed at different particle sizes, overcoming the drawback of high porosity in sludge samples where free water within the pores is difficult to precipitate. Furthermore, sludge samples have strong adhesion; without drying the external moisture before crushing, they easily stick to the crushing equipment. The entire testing process involves only three weighings, making it simple to operate, easy to execute, and providing accurate and reliable results.
- Figure 1 is a flowchart of the detection process of the present invention.
- the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for determining the total moisture content of sludge. This invention can detect sludge with high total moisture content with high accuracy.
- a method for determining the total moisture content of sludge includes the following steps:
- step 2-3 The sample particles, which have been further dried and dehydrated in step 2-1), are mixed with a certain mass of drying aid, denoted as m2. After thorough mixing, the mixture is placed in a pulverizer and ground for 90-120 seconds. The resulting powder is carefully prepared to prevent sample loss during sampling.
- m2 a certain mass of drying aid
- the additive contains inorganic mineral materials and is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 50-70% artificial volcanic ash, 10-30% gypsum and 0-20% limestone, with all raw materials having a particle size of less than 200 mesh.
- a composite material possesses the dual functions of potential adjustment and capillary structure (i.e., framework).
- the composite composition formed from artificial volcanic ash, gypsum, and limestone generates and dissolves cations, anions, and anionic clusters ( Ca2+ , Mg2+ , Al3+ , Na+ , K+ , OH ⁇ , SO42 ⁇ , AlO32 ⁇ , SiO32 ⁇ ) on the particle surface upon contact with water .
- These ions and clusters can regulate the surface charge of the sludge particles, lowering their kinetic potential and converting colloidal water into free water.
- the mineral materials within the composite particles act as a sludge adhesion framework.
- the sludge sample is dispersed by the mineral materials, facilitating the evaporation and precipitation of water during the sludge drying process. Furthermore, the additives possess characteristics of low moisture content, weak adhesion, and good wear resistance. When mixed with sludge for pulverization, they overcome the shortcomings of sludge easily sticking to the pulverizing tank and being difficult to break.
- Artificial volcanic ash is a composite of one or more of the following: slag, steel slag, fly ash, magnesium smelting reducing slag, coal gasification furnace ash, and silica fume, preferably a composite of one or more of the following: slag, steel slag, and fly ash.
- the raw materials of the inorganic mineral material are mixed according to the mixing ratio, and then vigorously stirred into a uniform mixture for 15 minutes to obtain the inorganic mineral composite material. After mixing, the inorganic mineral composite material is placed in an oven for 1 hour to obtain the pre-dried additive.
- the additive and sludge should be mixed at a ratio of 1:5-10.
- the additive consists of the following components by weight percentage: 50% slag, 30% gypsum, and 20% limestone.
- a method for determining the total moisture content of sludge includes the following steps:
- the sample was mixed with 53.2g of additives, and after being mixed evenly, it was ground in a pulverizer for 120s. During sampling, the sample was ensured to be intact.
- the additive consists of the following components by weight percentage: 70% steel slag and 30% gypsum.
- the crushed sludge sample was placed in an oven at 105-110°C for 2.5 hours until the external moisture of the sludge sample was dried, that is, the surface of the sludge sample was obviously dry and the moisture content was about 12%.
- the sample was placed in an oven at 105-110°C for 1 hour. The sample was then removed and weighed, and the moisture content was approximately 0%.
- the additive is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 20% slag, 20% steel slag, 20% fly ash, 30% gypsum, and 10% limestone.
- a method for determining the total moisture content of sludge includes the following steps:
- the crushed sludge sample was placed in an oven at 105-110°C for 3 hours, until the sludge sample was exposed to water. Partial drying, meaning the surface of the sludge sample is visibly dry, with a moisture content of approximately 10%.
- the sample was placed in an oven at 105-110°C for 1 hour. The sample was then removed and weighed, and the moisture content was approximately 0%.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
一种污泥全水分的测定方法;包括以下步骤:1)污泥样品经初步干燥和制备样品颗粒;2)样品颗粒经二次干燥和混合助剂;干燥脱水的样品颗粒与一定质量的干燥助剂进行混合并制粉;3)样品粉末经三次干燥和分析含水量;三次干燥分别在不同粒度下进行,解决了污泥样品孔隙率高,孔隙中的游离水分不易析出的缺点,整个检测过程仅称重3次,操作简单,易执行且检测结果准确可靠。
Description
本发明属于煤成分分析领域,具体涉及一种污泥全水分的测定方法。
污泥焚烧是利用污泥自身所含的热量、必要时引入外加辅助燃料,通过燃烧实现污泥彻底无害化处置的过程。污泥焚烧减量化彻底,可与其他物料协同处置,处理速度快、占地省,同时污泥燃烧产生热能可回收利用。目前国内很多电厂已进行了污泥掺烧的改造工作。对于污泥掺烧的电站锅炉,需对污泥的检测准确性有较高要求,污泥检测项目一般包括元素分析、工业分析、发热量分析、汞和氯分析等。为了准确反映污泥各特性指标的情况,污泥检测项目一般用收到基表示,即以收到状态的污泥为基准,而全水分是换算收到基的重要数据。因此,准确测量污泥全水分,是电厂污泥掺烧的基础。
目前国内尚无污泥全水分检测的标准,一般采用煤中全水分的检测方法对污泥进行检测。但由于污泥全水分大,且难以直接破碎到规定粒度以下,采用煤的标准检测污泥全水分会导致结果偏低,从而使得污泥收到基数据不准确。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决上述问题,提供一种污泥全水分的测定方法,试验过程简单、快捷、效率高。
本发明采用如下技术方案来实现的:
一种污泥全水分的测定方法;其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)污泥样品经初步干燥和制备样品颗粒;
2)样品颗粒经二次干燥和混合助剂;干燥脱水的样品颗粒与一定质量的干燥助剂进行混合并制粉;
3)样品粉末经三次干燥和分析含水量。
进一步地,
步骤1)中,称取一定质量的污泥样品,质量记为m1;
步骤2)中,助剂质量记为m2;
步骤3)中,样品粉末经三次干燥质量记为m3;分析计算污泥全水分比Mt=(m1+m2-m3)*100/m1。
进一步地,
步骤1)中,
1-2),污泥样品置于烘箱中干燥一定时长,污泥样品经过初步干燥形成固态块状;
2-2),对污泥样品进行破碎,经破碎后形成样品颗粒。
进一步地,
步骤2)中,
2-1)将样品颗粒置于烘箱中干燥一定时长,直到污泥样品颗粒外在水分烘干,即污泥样品颗粒表面明显干燥。
2-3)将干燥脱水的样品颗粒与一定质量的干燥助剂进行混合,混合均匀后置于制粉机中磨样形成样品粉末。
进一步地,
步骤3)中,
将样品粉末置于烘箱中干燥一定时长后取出样品粉末。
进一步地,
助剂包含无机矿物材料,由如下质量百分比的组分组成:人造火山灰50~70%、石膏10~30%和石灰石0~20%
进一步地,
人造火山灰为矿渣、钢渣、粉煤灰、镁冶炼还原渣、煤气化炉灰、硅灰中的一种或一种以上的复合。
进一步地,
制备助剂时,将无机矿物材料中各组成原料,按照配合比进行配料,然后搅拌为均匀混合体,得到无机矿物复合材料;混合后无机矿物复合材料放入烘箱中干燥一定时长,即可得到预干燥的助剂。
进一步地,
助剂所有原料的粒度小于200目。
进一步地,
按助剂:污泥为1:5-10的比例进行混合使用。
本发明的有益效果:
根据污泥粘结性较强的特点,采取了两步破碎,并添加干燥大渣助剂的方法进行破碎。干燥大渣助剂具有水分含量低,粘结性弱,耐磨性好的特点,与污泥混合后进行制粉,解决了污泥易粘在制粉罐上,不易破碎的缺点,并在污泥干燥过程中,便于
水成份受热蒸发析出。三次干燥分别在不同粒度下进行,解决了污泥样品孔隙率高,孔隙中的游离水分不易析出的缺点。并且污泥样品粘结性较强,破碎前不将外在水分烘干,易粘在破碎设备上。整个检测过程仅称重3次,操作简单,易执行且检测结果准确可靠。
图1是本发明的检测流程图。
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明做出进一步说明。
本发明的目的是提供一种污泥全水分的测定方法。本发明能够检测高全水分的污泥,准确度高。
本发明采用如下技术方案来实现的:
一种污泥全水分的测定方法,包括以下步骤:
1)污泥样品经初步干燥和制备样品颗粒;
1-1)称取一定质量的污泥样品,质量记为m1,置于105-110℃的烘箱中1个小时,污泥样品经过初步干燥形成固态块状,但其中仍具有较高含水量。
1-2)取出污泥样品,用制样锤对污泥样品进行破碎,破碎过程保证污泥样品不损失,不飞溅。经破碎后形成样品颗粒,粒径约为5-10mm。
2)样品颗粒经二次干燥和混合助剂;
2-1)将样品颗粒置于105-110℃的烘箱中1-3个小时,直到污泥样品颗粒外在水分烘干,即污泥样品颗粒表面明显干燥。
2-3)将经第2-1)步进一步干燥脱水的样品颗粒与一定质量的干燥助剂进行混合,干燥助剂质量记为m2,混合均匀后置于制粉机中磨样90s-120s。经磨样后形成样品粉末,取样时保证样品不损失。
3)样品粉末经三次干燥和分析含水量;
3-1)将经第2-3)步的样品粉末置于105-110℃的烘箱中1个小时,取出样品粉
末,质量记为m3。
3-1)分析计算:Mt=(m1+m2-m3)*100/m1。
所述助剂包含无机矿物材料,由如下质量百分比的组分组成:人造火山灰50~70%、石膏10~30%和石灰石0~20%,所有原料的粒度小于200目筛孔。
通过选用几种特定的无机矿物材料,具备电位调整和毛细管架构(即骨架)的双重作用。人造火山灰、石膏、石灰石形成的复合组合物在遇水后在颗粒表面产生和溶出阳离子、阴离子、阴离子团(Ca2+、Mg2+、Al3+、Na+、K+、OH-、SO4
2-、AlO3
-、SiO3
2-),离子、离子团可以调解污泥中粒子表面的电荷,使其动电位下降,使胶态水成份了转为游离水成份,同时复合物颗粒中的矿物材料又充当了污泥附着骨架。通过加入助剂,污泥样本被矿物材料所散布,在污泥干燥过程中,便于水成份受热蒸发析出。另外助剂具有水分含量低,粘结性弱,耐磨性好的特点,与污泥混合后进行制粉,解决了污泥易粘在制粉罐上,不易破碎的缺点。
人造火山灰为矿渣、钢渣、粉煤灰、镁冶炼还原渣、煤气化炉灰、硅灰中的一种或一种以上的复合,优选为矿渣、钢渣、粉煤灰中的一种或一种以上的复合。
制备助剂时,将无机矿物材料中各组成原料,按照配合比进行配料,然后强力搅拌为均匀混合体,搅拌时间15min,得到无机矿物复合材料;混合后无机矿物复合材料放入烘箱中1个小时,即可得到预干燥的助剂。
检测使用中按助剂:污泥为1:5-10的比例进行混合使用。
实施例1:
助剂由如下质量百分比的组分组成:矿渣50%、石膏30%和石灰石20%
一种污泥全水分的测定方法,包括以下步骤:
称取496.0g污泥样品,置于105-110℃的烘箱中1个小时,污泥样品经过初步干燥形成固态块状,但其中仍具有较高含水量,含水率约为20%。
取出污泥样品,用制样锤对污泥样品进行破碎,破碎过程保证样品不损失,不飞溅。
将经过破碎的污泥样品置于105-110℃的烘箱中3个小时,直到污泥样品外在水分烘干,即污泥样品表面明显干燥,含水率约为10%。
将样品与53.2g的助剂进行混合,混合均匀后置于制粉机中磨样120s,取样时保证样品不损失。
将样品置于105-110℃的烘箱中1个小时,取出样品,称重为193.2g,含水率约
为0%。
计算:
污泥全水分比Mt(%)=(m1+m2-m3)*100/m1=(496.0+53.2-193.2)*100/496.0=71.8(%)。
实施例2:
助剂由如下质量百分比的组分组成:钢渣70%、石膏30%。
一种污泥全水分的测定方法,包括以下步骤:
称取490.7g污泥样品,置于105-110℃的烘箱中1个小时,污泥样品经过初步干燥形成固态块状,但其中仍具有较高含水量,含水率约为20%。
取出污泥样品,用制样锤对污泥样品进行破碎,破碎过程保证样品不损失,不飞溅。
将经过破碎的污泥样品置于105-110℃的烘箱中2.5个小时,直到污泥样品外在水分烘干,即污泥样品表面明显干燥,含水率约为12%。
将样品与55.4g的助剂进行混合,混合均匀后置于制粉机中磨样120s,取样时保证样品不损失。
将样品置于105-110℃的烘箱中1个小时,取出样品,称重为195.2g,含水率约为0%。
计算:
污泥全水分比Mt(%)=(m1+m2-m3)*100/m1=(490.7+55.4-195.2)*100/490.7=71.5。
实施例3:
助剂由如下质量百分比的组分组成:矿渣20%、钢渣20%、粉煤灰20%、石膏30%和石灰石10%。
一种污泥全水分的测定方法,包括以下步骤:
称取485.0g污泥样品,置于105-110℃的烘箱中1个小时,污泥样品经过初步干燥形成固态块状,但其中仍具有较高含水量,含水率约为20%。
取出污泥样品,用制样锤对污泥样品进行破碎,破碎过程保证样品不损失,不飞溅。
将经过破碎的污泥样品置于105-110℃的烘箱中3个小时,直到污泥样品外在水
分烘干,即污泥样品表面明显干燥,含水率约为10%。
将样品与60.2g的助剂进行混合,混合均匀后置于制粉机中磨样120s,取样时保证样品不损失。
将样品置于105-110℃的烘箱中1个小时,取出样品,称重为193.2g,含水率约为0%。
计算:污泥全水分比Mt(%)=(m1+m2-m3)*100/m1=(485.0+60.2-196.5)*100/485.0=71.9。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的解释,并不用于限制本发明,尽管对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
- 一种污泥全水分的测定方法;其特征在于,包括以下步骤:1)污泥样品经初步干燥和制备样品颗粒;2)样品颗粒经二次干燥和混合助剂;干燥脱水的样品颗粒与一定质量的干燥助剂进行混合并制粉;3)样品粉末经三次干燥和分析含水量。
- 根据权利要求1所述污泥全水分的检测方法,其特征在于,步骤1)中,称取一定质量的污泥样品,质量记为m1;步骤2)中,助剂质量记为m2;步骤3)中,样品粉末经三次干燥质量记为m3;分析计算污泥全水分比Mt=(m1+m2-m3)*100/m1。
- 根据权利要求1所述污泥全水分的检测方法,其特征在于,步骤1)中,1-2),污泥样品置于烘箱中干燥一定时长,污泥样品经过初步干燥形成固态块状;2-2),对污泥样品进行破碎,经破碎后形成样品颗粒。
- 根据权利要求1所述污泥全水分的检测方法,其特征在于,步骤2)中,2-1)将样品颗粒置于烘箱中干燥一定时长,直到污泥样品颗粒外在水分烘干,即污泥样品颗粒表面明显干燥。2-3)将干燥脱水的样品颗粒与一定质量的干燥助剂进行混合,混合均匀后置于制粉机中磨样形成样品粉末。
- 根据权利要求1所述污泥全水分的检测方法,其特征在于,步骤3)中,将样品粉末置于烘箱中干燥一定时长后取出样品粉末。
- 根据权利要求1所述污泥全水分的检测方法,其特征在于,助剂包含无机矿物材料,由如下质量百分比的组分组成:人造火山灰50~70%、石膏10~30%和石灰石0~20%
- 根据权利要求6所述污泥全水分的检测方法,其特征在于,人造火山灰为矿渣、钢渣、粉煤灰、镁冶炼还原渣、煤气化炉灰、硅灰中的一种或一种以上的复合。
- 根据权利要求6所述污泥全水分的检测方法,其特征在于,制备助剂时,将无机矿物材料中各组成原料,按照配合比进行配料,然后搅拌为均匀混合体,得到无机矿物复合材料;混合后无机矿物复合材料放入烘箱中干燥一定时长,即可得到预干 燥的助剂。
- 根据权利要求6所述污泥全水分的检测方法,其特征在于,助剂所有原料的粒度小于200目。
- 根据权利要求1所述污泥全水分的检测方法,其特征在于,按助剂:污泥为1:5-10的比例进行混合使用。
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