WO2025246766A1 - 保险装置、电机控制器、电机组件和车辆 - Google Patents

保险装置、电机控制器、电机组件和车辆

Info

Publication number
WO2025246766A1
WO2025246766A1 PCT/CN2025/091544 CN2025091544W WO2025246766A1 WO 2025246766 A1 WO2025246766 A1 WO 2025246766A1 CN 2025091544 W CN2025091544 W CN 2025091544W WO 2025246766 A1 WO2025246766 A1 WO 2025246766A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conductive sheet
hole
holes
circuit board
sub
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2025/091544
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐鲁辉
郭彩芳
许杰
张有新
李彬
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BYD Co Ltd
Original Assignee
BYD Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BYD Co Ltd filed Critical BYD Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025246766A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025246766A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/42—Induction-motor, induced-current, or electrodynamic release mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
    • H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of motor technology, and more particularly to a safety device, a motor controller, a motor assembly, and a vehicle.
  • insulated-gate bipolar transistor When the insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is off, a large current continues to flow through the motor controller due to reverse current.
  • IGBT insulated-gate bipolar transistor
  • multiple break holes and sampling ports need to be set on some of the three-phase copper busbars.
  • the break holes are used to disconnect the three-phase copper busbars after an impact, and the sampling ports are used for Hall effect chip detection.
  • setting too many break holes and sampling ports on the copper busbars makes the copper busbar processing complex, resulting in low processing and production efficiency and high cost.
  • This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a safety device that reduces the number of first through holes, thereby simplifying the processing of the first conductive sheet, improving the processing and production efficiency of the safety device, and reducing production costs.
  • This application also proposes a motor controller that includes the aforementioned safety device.
  • This application also proposes a motor assembly including the aforementioned motor controller.
  • This application also proposes a vehicle including the aforementioned motor assembly.
  • An insurance device includes: a first conductive sheet having a first through hole penetrating the first conductive sheet in the thickness direction, the first conductive sheet forming a first weak portion at the first through hole, the first weak portion being configured to break upon impact; a circuit board; a Hall effect chip disposed on the circuit board, a portion of the Hall effect chip being disposed opposite to at least a portion of the first through hole, or a portion of the Hall effect chip being at least partially inserted into the first through hole.
  • the safety device has a first through hole extending through the thickness of the first conductive sheet.
  • the first conductive sheet is formed as a first weak part at the first through hole.
  • a Hall chip is disposed on the circuit board. Some Hall chips are disposed opposite to at least some of the first through holes, or some Hall chips are inserted into the first through hole. This allows the first through hole to serve as both a break hole for the first conductive sheet, facilitating the disconnection of the first conductive sheet in case of abnormal current, and a sampling hole for the Hall chip. This achieves dual use of the first through hole, thereby reducing the number of first through holes required. This simplifies the processing of the first conductive sheet, improves the processing and production efficiency of the safety device, and reduces production costs.
  • the safety device further includes: a detonation device disposed on the circuit board, the detonation device having a first striker, at least a portion of the first striker being an insulating element, the first striker being disposed corresponding to the first conductive sheet, the first striker being opposite to the first weak portion of the first conductive sheet, and the insulating portion of the first striker being used to strike the first weak portion of the first conductive sheet.
  • the first impact pin includes a first impact post, the first impact post and the first weak portion are disposed opposite each other in the width direction of the first conductive sheet; or, the first impact pin includes a first impact post and a first cutting plate, the first cutting plate is disposed on the side of the first impact post facing the first conductive sheet, the first cutting plate and the first through hole are disposed opposite each other in the width direction of the first conductive sheet, and the first cutting plate is perpendicular to the first conductive sheet.
  • the safety device further includes a current sensor disposed on and connected to the circuit board for detecting the current signal on the Hall chip.
  • the detonation device is configured to detonate and eject the first striker to strike the weak portion corresponding to the first conductive sheet when the current sensor detects an abnormality in the current signal of the Hall chip.
  • the safety device further includes: a second conductive sheet, the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet being spaced apart, the second conductive sheet having a second through hole penetrating the second conductive sheet in the thickness direction of the second conductive sheet, the second conductive sheet forming a second weak portion at the second through hole, the second weak portion being configured to break upon impact, and a portion of the Hall chip being disposed opposite to at least a portion of the second through hole, or a portion of the Hall chip being at least partially inserted into the second through hole.
  • the detonation device is located between the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet.
  • the detonation device also has a second striking pin, which is opposite to the second weak portion of the second conductive sheet. At least a portion of the second striking pin is an insulating member, and the insulating portion of the second striking pin is used to strike the second weak portion of the second conductive sheet. In the arrangement direction of the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet, the first striking pin and the second striking pin are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the detonation device.
  • the safety device further includes a third conductive sheet located between the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet.
  • the third conductive sheet has a third through hole extending through the third conductive sheet in the thickness direction.
  • a portion of the Hall chip is disposed opposite to at least a portion of the third through hole, or at least a portion of the Hall chip is inserted into the third through hole.
  • the first conductive sheet, the second conductive sheet, and the third conductive sheet are located on the same side of the thickness direction of the circuit board, at least a portion of the first conductive sheet and at least a portion of the second conductive sheet are stacked with the circuit board, the detonation device is located between the third conductive sheet and the circuit board, the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet are arranged parallel to each other in the thickness direction of the circuit board, and the first conductive sheet and the third conductive sheet are staggered in the thickness direction of the circuit board.
  • the outer contour of the first through hole is U-shaped or V-shaped; and/or, the outer contour of the second through hole is U-shaped or V-shaped; and/or, the outer contour of the third through hole is U-shaped or V-shaped.
  • one end of the first conductive sheet, the second conductive sheet, and the third conductive sheet is bent and extended away from the circuit board along the thickness direction of the circuit board, and the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet are disposed closer to the circuit board than the third conductive sheet.
  • At least one of the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet includes a first sub-conductive sheet, a second sub-conductive sheet and a third sub-conductive sheet connected in sequence.
  • the first sub-conductive sheet, the second sub-conductive sheet and the third sub-conductive sheet are separate processed parts.
  • the first through hole is provided on the second sub-conductive sheet of the first conductive sheet, and/or the second through hole is provided on the second sub-conductive sheet of the second conductive sheet.
  • the thickness of the first sub-conductive sheet and the third sub-conductive sheet is greater than the thickness of the second sub-conductive sheet.
  • first through hole which is open on one side facing the width direction of the first conductive sheet; or, there are two first through holes, which are respectively located at both ends of the width direction of the first conductive sheet and are arranged opposite to each other in the width direction of the first conductive sheet, with the sides of the two first through holes facing away from each other open; or, there are four first through holes, which are divided into two groups, each group including two first through holes arranged opposite to each other in the width direction of the first conductive sheet, with the two first through holes in each group located at both ends of the width direction of the first conductive sheet and the sides of the two first through holes facing away from each other open, the two groups of first through holes being spaced apart in the length direction of the first conductive sheet, and the first conductive sheet between the two groups of first through holes being constructed as the first weak part.
  • the Hall chip is a Hall chip without a magnetic core, or the Hall chip is a Hall chip with a magnetic core.
  • the motor controller includes the aforementioned safety device.
  • a first through hole is provided on the first conductive sheet in the thickness direction of the first conductive sheet, and the first conductive sheet is formed as a first weak part at the first through hole.
  • Hall chips are set on the circuit board, and some Hall chips are arranged opposite to at least some of the first through holes, or some Hall chips are inserted into the first through hole.
  • the first through hole can be used as a break hole for the first conductive sheet, which facilitates the disconnection of the first conductive sheet when the current is abnormal.
  • the first through hole can also be used as a sampling hole for the Hall chip, realizing the dual use of the first through hole. This reduces the number of first through holes, simplifies the processing of the first conductive sheet, improves the processing and production efficiency of the safety device, and reduces production costs.
  • the safety device further includes a second conductive sheet, a third conductive sheet, and a power component.
  • the first conductive sheet, the second conductive sheet, and the third conductive sheet are configured as three-phase conductive components.
  • One end of the first conductive sheet, the second conductive sheet, and the third conductive sheet is connected to the power component, and the other end is used to connect to a motor.
  • the circuit board is configured as the control board of the motor controller.
  • the motor assembly includes the motor controller described above.
  • a first through hole is provided on the first conductive sheet in the thickness direction of the first conductive sheet, and the first conductive sheet is formed as a first weak part at the first through hole.
  • Hall chips are set on the circuit board, and some Hall chips are arranged opposite to at least some of the first through holes, or some Hall chips are inserted into the first through hole.
  • the first through hole can be used as a break hole for the first conductive sheet, which facilitates the disconnection of the first conductive sheet when the current is abnormal.
  • the first through hole can also be used as a sampling hole for the Hall chip, realizing the dual use of the first through hole. This reduces the number of first through holes, simplifies the processing of the first conductive sheet, improves the processing and production efficiency of the safety device, and reduces the production cost.
  • the vehicle according to an embodiment of this application includes the motor assembly described above.
  • a first through hole is provided on the first conductive sheet in the thickness direction of the first conductive sheet, and the first conductive sheet forms a first weak part at the first through hole.
  • Hall chips are set on the circuit board, and some Hall chips are arranged opposite to at least some of the first through holes, or some Hall chips are inserted into the first through hole.
  • the first through hole can be used as a break hole for the first conductive sheet, which facilitates the disconnection of the first conductive sheet when the current is abnormal.
  • the first through hole can also be used as a sampling hole for the Hall chip, realizing the dual use of the first through hole. This reduces the number of first through holes, simplifies the processing of the first conductive sheet, improves the processing and production efficiency of the safety device, and reduces production costs.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a safety device according to an embodiment of this application.
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the safety device according to Embodiment 1 of this application, wherein the first striking pin includes a first striking post and two first through holes;
  • Figure 3 is a top view of the safety device according to Embodiment 2 of this application, wherein the first striking pin includes a first striking post, and there are four first through holes, the outer contour of which is U-shaped;
  • Figure 4 is a top view of the safety device according to Embodiment 3 of this application, wherein the first striking pin includes a first striking post, and there are four first through holes, some of which have a U-shaped outer contour and some have a V-shaped outer contour.
  • Figure 5 is a top view of the safety device after activation according to Embodiment 2 or 3 of this application;
  • Figure 6 is a top view of the safety device according to Embodiment 4 of this application, wherein the first striking pin includes a first impact post and a first cutting plate;
  • Figure 7 is a top view of a safety device according to Embodiment 5 of this application, wherein the first conductive sheet and the second conductive sheet each include a first sub-conductive sheet, a second sub-conductive sheet and a third conductive sheet connected in sequence;
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of the safety device according to Embodiment 5 of this application.
  • Figure 9 is an enlarged view of point A in Figure 7;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of this application.
  • connection should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components.
  • connection should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components.
  • the insurance device 10 according to an embodiment of this application is described below with reference to Figures 1-9.
  • the insurance device 10 includes: a first conductive sheet 11, a circuit board 2, and a Hall chip 3.
  • the first conductive sheet 11 has a first through hole 111 penetrating through the thickness of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • a first weak portion 112 is formed at the first through hole 111, and the first weak portion 112 is configured to break upon impact. It should be noted that the first conductive sheet 11 connects the motor and the motor controller 100. When the first weak portion 112 is not broken, it can carry current, allowing the first conductive sheet 11 to be normally energized, ensuring the circuit connection between the motor controller 100 and the motor, thus enabling the motor to operate normally.
  • the first weak portion 112 When the current is abnormal, the first weak portion 112 will be impacted and break, causing the first conductive sheet 11 to open the circuit, thereby cutting off the loop between the motor and the motor controller 100, thus preventing damage to the motor and motor controller 100 from abnormal current and improving safety.
  • the Hall chip 3 is disposed on the circuit board 2, with a portion of the Hall chip 3 opposite to at least a portion of the first through hole 111, or a portion of the Hall chip 3 inserted into the first through hole 111.
  • a portion of the Hall chip 3 and at least a portion of the first through hole 111 are opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the circuit board 2.
  • this application is not limited to this; a portion of the Hall chip 3 may also be inserted into the first through hole 111.
  • the Hall chip 3 can determine the magnitude of the current passing through the first conductive sheet 11 by the strength of the magnetic field, thereby determining whether the current on the first conductive sheet 11 is abnormal.
  • the first through hole 111 allows the magnetic field lines generated on the first conductive sheet 11 to pass through, thus making the first through hole 111 a sampling hole of the Hall chip 3, which facilitates the Hall chip 3 to detect the current on the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the first conductive sheet 11 is formed as a first weak point 112 at the first through hole 111, meaning the first through hole 111 can serve as a break hole for the first conductive sheet 11, facilitating the disconnection of the first conductive sheet 11 in case of abnormal current. Simultaneously, the first through hole 111 can also serve as a sampling hole for the Hall chip 3, achieving a dual function for the first through hole 111. Compared to separately setting break holes and sampling holes on the conductive sheet, this reduces the number of first through holes 111, simplifying the processing of the first conductive sheet 11, improving the processing and production efficiency of the safety device 10, and reducing production costs.
  • the safety device 10 has a first through hole 111 extending through the thickness of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the first conductive sheet 11 forms a first weak part 112 at the first through hole 111.
  • a Hall chip 3 is disposed on the circuit board 2. Some Hall chips 3 are disposed opposite to at least some of the first through hole 111, or some Hall chips 3 are inserted into the first through hole 111.
  • the first through hole 111 can serve as a break hole for the first conductive sheet 11, facilitating the disconnection of the first conductive sheet 11 when the current is abnormal.
  • the first through hole 111 can also serve as a sampling hole for the Hall chip 3, realizing the dual purpose of the first through hole 111. This reduces the number of first through holes 111, simplifies the processing of the first conductive sheet 11, improves the processing and production efficiency of the safety device 10, and reduces production costs.
  • the safety device 10 further includes: a detonation device 4, which is disposed on the circuit board 2.
  • the detonation device 4 has a first striking pin 41, at least a portion of which is an insulating element.
  • the first striking pin 41 is correspondingly disposed with the first conductive sheet 11 and is opposite to the first weak portion 112 of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the insulating portion of the first striking pin 41 is used to strike the first weak portion 112 of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the first striking pin 41 can be entirely made of insulating material such as plastic, or the first striking pin 41 can be partially made of insulating material, such as the outer peripheral wall of the first striking pin 41 can be made of insulating material. This can prevent the formation of a circuit connection between the first striking pin 41 and the first conductive piece 11. This ensures that when the first striking pin 41 is inserted into the broken part of the first conductive piece 11, the circuit is broken after the first conductive piece 11 breaks. This further ensures that the motor and the motor controller 100 cannot form a circuit when the current is abnormal, thereby improving safety.
  • the first striker 41 face the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11
  • the first striker 41 is more likely to break the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11 when the current is abnormal, thereby further ensuring that the motor and the motor controller 100 cannot form a circuit when the current is abnormal, thus improving safety.
  • the detonating device 4 when the detonating device 4 is detonated, inert gas is injected into the first weak point 112 of the first conductive sheet 11, thereby eliminating the electric arc generated after the first weak point 112 of the first conductive sheet 11 breaks, thus improving safety.
  • the first firing pin 41 can extend into the fracture point of the first weak point 112 of the first conductive sheet 11. Since at least a portion of the first firing pin 41 is an insulating component, it can further eliminate the electric arc generated after the first weak point 112 of the first conductive sheet 11 breaks, further improving safety.
  • the first striking pin 41 When the current is normal, the first striking pin 41 is tightly retracted in the detonation device 4. When the Hall element detects an abnormal current, the detonation device 4 is detonated, causing the first striking pin 41 to pop out. The first striking pin 41 impacts the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11, causing the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11 to break. At the same time, inert gas is sprayed into the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11, thereby eliminating the electric arc generated after the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11 breaks, thus cutting off the circuit between the motor and the motor controller 100, thereby improving safety.
  • the first striking pin 41 includes a first impact post 411.
  • the first impact post 411 and the corresponding first weak portion 112 of the first conductive sheet 11 are disposed opposite each other in the width-upward direction of the first conductive sheet 11. It should be noted that at least a portion of the first impact post 411 is an insulating component, and the insulating portion of the first impact post 411 is used to impact the first weak portion 112 of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the impact post has a robust and reliable structure, thereby ensuring that the first impact post 411 is not easily broken when impacting the first weak portion 112 of the first conductive sheet 11, thus improving the reliability of the first striking pin 41 colliding with the first weak portion 112 of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the first impact pin 41 includes a first impact post 411 and a first cutting plate 412.
  • the first cutting plate 412 is disposed on the side of the first impact post 411 facing the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the first cutting plate 412 and the first through hole 111 are disposed opposite to each other in the width direction of the first conductive sheet 11, and the first cutting plate 412 is perpendicular to the first conductive sheet 11.
  • at least a portion of the first cutting plate 412 is an insulating member, and the insulating portion of the first cutting plate 412 is used to impact the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the first cutting plate 412 being perpendicular to the first conductive sheet 11 means that the plane containing the end face of the first conductive sheet 11 in the thickness direction is perpendicular to the plane containing the end face of the first cutting plate 412 in the thickness direction.
  • the arrangement of the first impact post 411 ensures that the first impact pin 41 has sufficient structural strength when it impacts the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11, thus preventing the first impact pin 41 from breaking.
  • the first cutting plate 412 is sharper than the first impact post 411, and its arrangement makes it easier for the first impact pin 41 to break the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11. This further ensures that the motor and the motor controller 100 cannot form a circuit when the current is abnormal, thereby improving safety.
  • the first cutting plate 412 is thin, which makes it easier for the first cutting plate 412 to extend into the break of the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11, thereby further eliminating the electric arc generated after the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11 breaks, and improving safety.
  • the safety device 10 further includes a current sensor 5, which is disposed on and connected to the circuit board 2 and is used to detect the current signal on the Hall chip 3.
  • the detonation device 4 is configured to detonate and eject the first firing pin 41 to strike the weak part of the corresponding first conductive sheet 11 when the current sensor 5 detects an abnormal current signal on the Hall chip 3.
  • the current sensor 5 is connected to the circuit board 2, and the Hall chip 3 is also connected to the circuit board 2. This allows the current signal on the Hall chip 3 to be transmitted to the current sensor 5.
  • the current sensor 5 processes the current signal on the Hall chip 3 to determine whether the current is abnormal.
  • the detonation device 4 is connected to the circuit board 2.
  • the current sensor 5 determines that the current is abnormal, it can control the detonation device 4 to detonate, causing the first firing pin 41 to eject and strike the first weak point 112 of the corresponding first conductive sheet 11, thereby breaking the first weak point 112 of the first conductive sheet 11. This further ensures that the motor and the motor controller 100 cannot form a circuit when the current is abnormal, thus improving safety.
  • the safety device 10 further includes: a second conductive sheet 12, the first conductive sheet 11 and the second conductive sheet 12 being spaced apart, the second conductive sheet 12 having a second through hole 121 penetrating the second conductive sheet 12 in the thickness direction of the second conductive sheet 12, the second conductive sheet 12 forming a second weak portion 122 at the second through hole 121, the second weak portion 122 being configured to break when impacted, a portion of the Hall chip 3 being disposed opposite to at least a portion of the second through hole 121, or a portion of the Hall chip 3 being at least partially inserted into the second through hole 121.
  • first conductive piece 11 and the second conductive piece 12 are spaced apart in the width direction of the first conductive piece 11.
  • the second conductive piece 12 is also used to connect the motor and the motor controller 100.
  • the second weak part 122 can carry current, thereby ensuring that the second conductive piece 12 is normally energized and that the circuit between the motor controller 100 and the motor is connected, allowing the motor to work normally.
  • the second weak part 122 will be impacted and disconnected, causing the second conductive piece 12 to be open-circuited, thus cutting off the circuit between the motor and the motor controller 100, thereby preventing the motor and the motor controller 100 from being damaged by abnormal current and improving safety. Therefore, when either the first conductive piece 11 or the second conductive piece 12 is disconnected, the circuit between the motor and the motor controller 100 can be cut off, thereby preventing the motor and the motor controller 100 from being damaged by abnormal current and further improving safety.
  • a portion of the Hall chip 3 is disposed opposite to at least a portion of the second through-hole 121, or a portion of the Hall chip 3 is inserted into the second through-hole 121.
  • a portion of the Hall chip 3 and at least a portion of the second through-hole 121 are disposed opposite to each other in the thickness direction of the circuit board 2.
  • this application is not limited to this; a portion of the Hall chip 3 may also be inserted into the second through-hole 121.
  • the Hall chip 3 can determine the magnitude of the current passing through the second conductive sheet 12 by measuring the strength of the magnetic field, thereby determining whether the current on the second conductive sheet 12 is abnormal.
  • the second through-hole 121 allows the magnetic field lines generated on the second conductive sheet 12 to pass through, thus making the second through-hole 121 a sampling hole for the Hall chip 3, facilitating the detection of the current on the second conductive sheet 12 by the Hall chip 3.
  • the second conductive sheet 12 is formed as a second weak point 122 at the second through hole 121. That is, the second through hole 121 can serve as a break hole for the second conductive sheet 12, thereby facilitating the disconnection of the second conductive sheet 12 in case of abnormal current. At the same time, the second through hole 121 can also serve as a sampling hole for the Hall chip 3, realizing the dual function of the second through hole 121. Compared with setting the break hole and sampling hole separately on the conductive sheet, the number of second through holes 121 can be reduced, thereby simplifying the processing of the second conductive sheet 12, improving the processing and production efficiency of the safety device 10, and reducing production costs.
  • the detonation device 4 is located between the first conductive sheet 11 and the second conductive sheet 12.
  • the detonation device 4 also has a second striking pin 42, which is opposite to the second weak portion 122 of the second conductive sheet 12. At least a portion of the second striking pin 42 is an insulating member, and the insulating portion of the second striking pin 42 is used to strike the second weak portion 122 of the second conductive sheet 12.
  • the second striker 42 can be entirely made of insulating material such as plastic, or it can be partially made of insulating material, such as the outer peripheral wall of the second striker 42. This can prevent the formation of a circuit connection between the second conductive piece 12 and the second conductive piece 12. When the second striker 42 extends into the broken part of the second conductive piece 12, it can ensure that the circuit is broken after the second conductive piece 12 breaks. This further ensures that the motor and the motor controller 100 cannot form a circuit when the current is abnormal, thereby improving safety.
  • the second striker 42 face the second weak part 122 of the second conductive sheet 12
  • the second striker 42 is more likely to break the second weak part 122 of the second conductive sheet 12 when the current is abnormal, thereby further ensuring that the motor and the motor controller 100 cannot form a circuit when the current is abnormal, thus improving safety.
  • the detonating device 4 when the detonating device 4 is detonated, inert gas is injected into the second weak point 122 of the second conductive sheet 12, thereby eliminating the electric arc generated after the second weak point 122 of the second conductive sheet 12 breaks, improving safety.
  • the second firing pin 42 can extend into the broken point of the second weak point 122 of the second conductive sheet 12. Since at least a portion of the second firing pin 42 is an insulating component, it can further eliminate the electric arc generated after the second weak point 122 of the second conductive sheet 12 breaks, improving safety.
  • the second striker 42 When the current is normal, the second striker 42 is tightly retracted in the detonation device 4. When the Hall element detects an abnormal current, the detonation device 4 is detonated, causing the second striker 42 to pop out. The impact of the second striker 42 on the second weak part 122 of the second conductive sheet 12 causes the second weak part 122 of the second conductive sheet 12 to break. At the same time, inert gas is sprayed into the second weak part 122 of the second conductive sheet 12 to eliminate the electric arc generated after the second weak part 122 of the second conductive sheet 12 breaks, thereby cutting off the circuit between the motor and the motor controller 100, thus improving safety.
  • the first firing pin 41 and the second firing pin 42 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the detonating device 4 in the arrangement direction of the first conductive sheet 11 and the second conductive sheet 12. This allows one detonating device 4 to simultaneously cut off the first conductive sheet 11 and the second conductive sheet 12, thereby reducing the number of detonating devices 4 required, simplifying the structure, and reducing costs.
  • the second striking pin 42 includes a second impact post 421.
  • the second impact post 421 and the corresponding second weak portion 122 of the second conductive sheet 12 are disposed opposite each other in the width-upward direction of the second conductive sheet 12. It should be noted that at least a portion of the second impact post 421 is an insulating component, and the insulating portion of the second impact post 421 is used to impact the second weak portion 122 of the second conductive sheet 12.
  • the impact post has a robust and reliable structure, thereby ensuring that the second impact post 421 is not easily broken when impacting the second weak portion 122 of the second conductive sheet 12, thus improving the reliability of the second striking pin 42 colliding with the second weak portion 122 of the second conductive sheet 12.
  • the second impact pin 42 includes a second impact post 421 and a second cutting plate 422.
  • the second cutting plate 422 is disposed on the side of the second impact post 421 facing the second conductive sheet 12.
  • the second cutting plate 422 and the second through hole 121 are disposed opposite to each other in the width direction of the second conductive sheet 12, and the second cutting plate 422 is perpendicular to the second conductive sheet 12.
  • at least a portion of the second cutting plate 422 is an insulating member, and the insulating portion of the second cutting plate 422 is used to impact the second weak portion 122 of the second conductive sheet 12.
  • the second cutting plate 422 being perpendicular to the second conductive sheet 12 means that the plane containing the end face of the second conductive sheet 12 in the thickness direction is perpendicular to the plane containing the end face of the second cutting plate 422 in the thickness direction.
  • the arrangement of the second impact post 421 ensures that the second impact pin 42 has sufficient structural strength when it impacts the second weak part 122 of the second conductive sheet 12, thus preventing the second impact pin 42 from breaking.
  • the second cutting plate 422 is sharper than the second impact post 421, and its arrangement makes it easier for the second impact pin 42 to break the second weak part 122 of the second conductive sheet 12. This further ensures that the motor and the motor controller 100 cannot form a circuit when the current is abnormal, thereby improving safety.
  • the second cutting plate 422 is thinner, it is easier for the second cutting plate 422 to extend into the break of the second weak part 122 of the second conductive sheet 12, thereby further eliminating the electric arc generated after the second weak part 122 of the second conductive sheet 12 breaks, and improving safety.
  • the safety device 10 further includes a third conductive sheet 16, which is located between the first conductive sheet 11 and the second conductive sheet 12.
  • the third conductive sheet 16 has a third through hole 161 extending through the third conductive sheet 16 in the thickness direction.
  • a portion of the Hall effect chip 3 is disposed opposite to at least a portion of the third through hole 161, or at least a portion of the Hall effect chip 3 is inserted into the third through hole 161. It should be noted that by configuring the first conductive sheet 11, the second conductive sheet 12, and the third conductive sheet 16, a three-phase current output can be achieved, thereby enabling the operation of a three-phase motor.
  • the third through-hole 161 allows magnetic field lines generated on the third conductive sheet 16 to pass through, thus making the third through-hole 161 a sampling hole for the Hall chip 3, facilitating the Hall chip 3 to detect the current on the third conductive sheet 16.
  • the detonation device 4 is detonated, with the first striking pin 41 striking the first weak part 112 and the second striking pin 42 striking the second weak part 122, thereby severing the first weak part 112 and the second weak part 122. This prevents the motor and the motor controller 100 from forming a circuit, thus improving safety.
  • the first conductive sheet 11, the second conductive sheet 12, and the third conductive sheet 16 are located on the same side of the circuit board 2 in the thickness direction. At least a portion of the first conductive sheet 11 and at least a portion of the second conductive sheet 12 are stacked with the circuit board 2.
  • the detonating device 4 is located between the third conductive sheet 16 and the circuit board 2.
  • the first conductive sheet 11 and the second conductive sheet 12 are arranged parallel to each other in the thickness direction of the circuit board 2, while the first conductive sheet 11 and the third conductive sheet 16 are staggered in the thickness direction of the circuit board 2. It can be understood that by staggering the first conductive sheet 11 and the third conductive sheet 16 in the thickness direction of the circuit board 2, it is easier to install the detonating device 4, thereby improving installation and production efficiency.
  • the outer contour of the first through hole 111 is U-shaped or V-shaped; thus, the outer contour of the first through hole 111 has more options, thereby making the safety device 10 applicable to different scenarios and improving its applicability.
  • the outer contours of all the first through holes 111 can be U-shaped, or part of the outer contours of the multiple first through holes 111 can be U-shaped and the other part can be V-shaped, or the outer contours of the multiple first through holes 111 can all be V-shaped.
  • the outer contours of the first through holes 111 can all be U-shaped; as shown in Figures 4 and 5, part of the outer contours of the multiple first through holes 111 can be U-shaped and the other part can be V-shaped; as shown in Figure 7, the outer contours of the multiple first through holes 111 can all be V-shaped.
  • the outer contour of the second through hole 121 is U-shaped or V-shaped; thus, the outer contour of the second through hole 121 has more options, thereby making the safety device 10 applicable to different scenarios and improving its applicability.
  • the outer contours of all the second through holes 121 can be U-shaped, or part of the outer contours of the multiple second through holes 121 can be U-shaped and the other part can be V-shaped, or the outer contours of the multiple second through holes 121 can all be V-shaped.
  • the outer contours of the second through holes 121 can all be U-shaped; as shown in Figures 4 and 5, part of the outer contours of the multiple second through holes 121 can be U-shaped and the other part can be V-shaped; as shown in Figure 7, the outer contours of the multiple second through holes 121 can all be V-shaped.
  • the outer contour of the third through hole 161 is U-shaped or V-shaped. This allows for more choices in the outer contour of the third through hole 161, enabling the safety device 10 to be applicable to different scenarios and thus improving its applicability.
  • one end of the first conductive sheet 11, the second conductive sheet 12, and the third conductive sheet 16 is bent and extends away from the circuit board 2 along the thickness direction of the circuit board 2.
  • the first conductive sheet 11 and the second conductive sheet 12 are positioned closer to the circuit board 2 than the third conductive sheet 16. Therefore, by bending and extending one end of the first conductive sheet 11, the second conductive sheet 12, and the third conductive sheet 16 away from the circuit board 2 along the thickness direction of the circuit board 2, the first conductive sheet 11, the second conductive sheet 12, and the third conductive sheet 16 can utilize part of the space in the thickness direction of the circuit board 2, thereby optimizing the spatial arrangement and making the structure more compact.
  • At least one of the first conductive sheet 11 and the second conductive sheet 12 includes a first sub-conductive sheet 13, a second sub-conductive sheet 14, and a third sub-conductive sheet 15 connected in sequence.
  • the first sub-conductive sheet 13, the second sub-conductive sheet 14, and the third sub-conductive sheet 15 are separate processed parts.
  • a first through hole 111 is provided on the second sub-conductive sheet 14 of the first conductive sheet 11, and/or, a second through hole 121 is provided on the second sub-conductive sheet 14 of the second conductive sheet 12.
  • one of the first sub-conductive piece 13 and the third sub-conductive piece 15 is connected to the motor, and the other is connected to the motor controller 100.
  • the first conductive piece 11 which includes the first sub-conductive piece 13, the second sub-conductive piece 14, and the third sub-conductive piece 15, as an example, when the current is normal, the two ends of the second sub-conductive piece 14 are connected to the first sub-conductive piece 13 and the third sub-conductive piece 15 respectively, thereby realizing the circuit connection between the motor and the motor controller 100, and realizing the normal operation of the motor.
  • the second sub-conductive sheet 14 forms a first weak point 112 at the first through hole 111.
  • the first weak point 112 of the second sub-conductive sheet 14 is impacted and breaks, thereby disconnecting the first sub-conductive sheet 13 and the third sub-conductive sheet 15, thus disconnecting the circuit between the motor and the motor controller 100, thereby improving safety.
  • the second sub-conductive sheet 14 may fly out, but the first sub-conductive sheet 13 and the third sub-conductive sheet 15 will not be affected by the impact, thus protecting the integrity of the first sub-conductive sheet 13 and the third sub-conductive sheet 15, thereby ensuring the integrity of the motor and the motor controller 100.
  • the thickness of the first sub-conductive sheet 13 and the third sub-conductive sheet 15 is greater than the thickness of the second sub-conductive sheet 14. This makes the second sub-conductive sheet 14 thinner, thus making its first weak point 112 more easily broken, thereby improving safety. Simultaneously, it reduces the manufacturing cost of the second sub-conductive sheet 14, thereby improving economic efficiency.
  • first through hole 111 there is only one first through hole 111, which is open to one side of the first conductive sheet 11 in the width direction. It is understood that in this case, the first through hole 111 and the first striking pin 41 are arranged opposite each other in the width direction of the first conductive sheet 11, with the first through hole 111 open to one side of the width direction of the first conductive sheet 11. This makes the first weak point 112 of the first conductive sheet 11 easier to break, thereby improving safety. At the same time, providing only one first through hole 111 reduces the number of first through holes 111, thus simplifying the processing of the first conductive sheet 11, improving the processing and production efficiency of the safety device 10, and reducing production costs.
  • first through holes 111 there are two first through holes 111. These two first through holes 111 are located at opposite ends of the width direction of the first conductive sheet 11 and are positioned opposite each other in that direction. The sides of the two first through holes 111 facing away from each other are open. In this case, the first through holes 111 and the first striking pin 41 are positioned opposite each other in the width direction of the first conductive sheet 11. Therefore, by providing two first through holes 111, the area of the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11 is reduced, thereby further reducing the structural strength of the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11. This makes the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11 easier to break, thus improving safety.
  • first through holes 111 there are four first through holes 111, which are divided into two groups.
  • Each group includes two first through holes 111 arranged opposite each other in the width direction of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the two first through holes 111 in each group are located at both ends of the width direction of the first conductive sheet 11, and the side of the two first through holes 111 facing away from each other is open.
  • the two groups of first through holes 111 are spaced apart in the length direction of the first conductive sheet 11, and the first conductive sheet 11 between the two groups of first through holes 111 is constructed as a first weak part 112.
  • first through holes 111 on the first conductive sheet 11 there are four first through holes 111 on the first conductive sheet 11, while there are still two first through holes 161 on the third conductive sheet 16. Since the first through holes 161 on the third conductive sheet 16 are only used to cooperate with the Hall chip 3, it is sufficient to set the first through holes 161 on the third conductive sheet 16 to be two. This simplifies the processing of the third conductive sheet 16, improves the processing and production efficiency of the safety device 10, and reduces the production cost.
  • first through holes 111 there are four first through holes 111 on the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the four first through holes 111 are divided into two groups. Each group includes two first through holes 111 disposed opposite to each other in the width direction of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the two first through holes 111 in each group are located at both ends in the width direction of the first conductive sheet 11, and the sides of the two first through holes 111 that are away from each other are open.
  • the two groups of first through holes 111 are spaced apart in the length direction of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the first conductive sheet 11 between the two groups of first through holes 111 is constructed as a first weak part 112.
  • the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11 and the first striker 41 are arranged opposite each other in the width direction of the first conductive sheet 11, and the Hall chip 3 cooperates with two of the first through holes 111.
  • the structural strength of the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11 is further reduced, making the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11 easier to break, thereby improving safety.
  • the first conductive sheet 11 between the two sets of first through holes 111 is constructed as a first weak part 112.
  • first weak part 112 When the first weak part 112 is broken, it is easier to form a gap between the two sets of first through holes 111, which makes it easier for the first firing pin 41 to extend into the broken part of the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11. This can further eliminate the electric arc generated after the first weak part 112 of the first conductive sheet 11 breaks, thus improving safety.
  • there is only one second through hole 121 which is open to one side facing the width direction of the second conductive sheet 12.
  • the second through hole 121 and the second striking pin 42 are arranged opposite to each other in the width direction of the second conductive sheet 12, with the second through hole 121 open to one side facing the width direction of the second conductive sheet 12.
  • providing only one second through hole 121 reduces the number of second through holes 121, thus simplifying the processing of the second conductive sheet 12, improving the processing and production efficiency of the safety device 10, and reducing production costs.
  • FIG. 2 Alternatively, as shown in Figures 2, 6, and 7, there are two second through holes 121. These two through holes 121 are located at opposite ends of the width direction of the second conductive sheet 12 and are positioned opposite each other in that direction. The sides of the two through holes 121 facing away from each other are open. In this case, the second through holes 121 and the second striking pin 42 are positioned opposite each other in the width direction of the second conductive sheet 12. Therefore, by providing two second through holes 121, the area of the second weak portion 122 of the second conductive sheet 12 is reduced, thereby further reducing the structural strength of the second weak portion 122. This makes the second weak portion 122 of the second conductive sheet 12 easier to break, thus improving safety.
  • each group includes two second through holes 121 arranged opposite each other in the width direction of the second conductive sheet 12.
  • the two second through holes 121 in each group are located at both ends of the width direction of the second conductive sheet 12, and the side of the two second through holes 121 facing away from each other is open.
  • the two groups of second through holes 121 are spaced apart in the length direction of the second conductive sheet 12, and the second conductive sheet 12 between the two groups of second through holes 121 is constructed as a second weak part 122.
  • each group includes two second through holes 121 that are disposed opposite each other in the width direction of the second conductive sheet 12.
  • the two second through holes 121 in each group are located at both ends in the width direction of the second conductive sheet 12, and the side of the two second through holes 121 that is away from each other is open.
  • the two groups of second through holes 121 are spaced apart in the length direction of the second conductive sheet 12.
  • the second conductive sheet 12 between the two groups of second through holes 121 is constructed as a second weak part 122.
  • the second weak portion 122 of the second conductive sheet 12 and the second striker 42 are arranged opposite to each other in the width direction of the second conductive sheet 12, and the Hall chip 3 cooperates with two of the two second through holes 121.
  • the structural strength of the second weak portion 122 of the second conductive sheet 12 is further reduced, making the second weak portion 122 of the second conductive sheet 12 easier to break, thereby improving safety.
  • the second conductive sheet 12 between the two sets of second through holes 121 is configured as a second weak part 122.
  • the second weak part 122 When the second weak part 122 is broken, it is easier to form a gap between the two sets of second through holes 121, which makes it easier for the second firing pin 42 to extend into the broken part of the second weak part 122 of the second conductive sheet 12. This can further eliminate the electric arc generated after the second weak part 122 of the second conductive sheet 12 breaks, thus improving safety.
  • the Hall chip 3 is a coreless Hall chip 3, or a Hall chip 3 with a magnetic core 3. This allows for a diverse selection of the Hall chip 3, enabling the safety device 10 to be applicable to different scenarios and thus improving its applicability. When a coreless Hall chip 3 is selected, its size is small and it occupies little space, which helps to optimize the size of the safety device 10.
  • the safety device 10 includes: a first conductive sheet 11, a second conductive sheet 12, a third conductive sheet 16, a circuit board 2, a Hall chip 3, a detonation device 4, and a current sensor 5.
  • a first conductive sheet 11 has a first through hole 111 penetrating through the first conductive sheet 11 in the thickness direction of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • a first weak portion 112 is formed at the first through hole 111 in the first conductive sheet 11, and the first weak portion 112 is configured to break upon impact.
  • a Hall chip 3 is disposed on a circuit board 2, with a portion of the Hall chip 3 facing at least a portion of the first through hole 111, or a portion of the Hall chip 3 being inserted into the first through hole 111.
  • a first conductive sheet 11 and a second conductive sheet 12 are spaced apart.
  • the second conductive sheet 12 has a second through hole 121 penetrating through the second conductive sheet 12 in the thickness direction of the second conductive sheet 12.
  • a second weak portion 122 is formed at the second through hole 121 in the second conductive sheet 12, and the second weak portion 122 is configured to break upon impact.
  • a portion of the Hall chip 3 is facing at least a portion of the second through hole 121, or a portion of the Hall chip 3 is at least partially inserted into the second through hole 121.
  • the third conductive sheet 16 is located between the first conductive sheet 11 and the second conductive sheet 12.
  • the third conductive sheet 16 has a third through hole 161 that penetrates the third conductive sheet 16 in the thickness direction.
  • a portion of the Hall chip 3 is disposed opposite to at least a portion of the third through hole 161, or at least a portion of the Hall chip 3 is inserted into the third through hole 161.
  • the detonation device 4 is disposed on the circuit board 2, located between the first conductive sheet 11 and the second conductive sheet 12.
  • the detonation device 4 has a first striking pin 41 and a second striking pin 42.
  • the first striking pin 41 and the second striking pin 42 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the detonation device 4.
  • At least a portion of the first striking pin 41 is an insulating member.
  • the first striking pin 41 is correspondingly disposed to the first conductive sheet 11 and faces the first weak portion 112 of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the insulating portion of the first striking pin 41 is used to strike the first weak portion 112 of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the second striking pin 42 faces the second weak portion 122 of the second conductive sheet 12. At least a portion of the second striking pin 42 is an insulating member. The insulating portion of the second striking pin 42 is used to strike the second weak portion 122 of the second conductive sheet 12.
  • the first firing pin 41 includes a first impact post 411 and a second impact post 421. The first impact post 411 and the corresponding first weak portion 112 of the first conductive sheet 11 are arranged opposite each other in the width-upward direction of the first conductive sheet 11. The first conductive sheet 11, the second conductive sheet 12, and the third conductive sheet 16 are located on the same side of the thickness direction of the circuit board 2.
  • At least a portion of the first conductive sheet 11 and at least a portion of the second conductive sheet 12 are stacked with the circuit board 2.
  • the detonation device 4 is located between the third conductive sheet 16 and the circuit board 2.
  • the first conductive sheet 11 and the second conductive sheet 12 are arranged parallel to each other in the thickness direction of the circuit board 2, and the first conductive sheet 11 and the third conductive sheet 16 are staggered in the thickness direction of the circuit board 2.
  • One end of the first conductive sheet 11, the second conductive sheet 12, and the third conductive sheet 16 bends and extends away from the circuit board 2 along the thickness direction of the circuit board 2.
  • the first conductive sheet 11 and the second conductive sheet 12 are arranged closer to the circuit board 2 than the third conductive sheet 16.
  • a current sensor 5 is disposed on and connected to a circuit board 2 for detecting the current signal on a Hall chip 3.
  • the detonation device 4 is configured to detonate and eject a first firing pin 41 to strike the weak part of the corresponding first conductive sheet 11 when the current sensor 5 detects an abnormal current signal on the Hall chip 3.
  • Embodiment 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 5, the structure of Embodiment 2 is largely the same as that of Embodiment 1. The same structures are shown with the same reference numerals in the figures. The only difference is that there are four first through holes 111.
  • the four first through holes 111 are divided into two groups. Each group includes two first through holes 111 arranged opposite each other in the width direction of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the two first through holes 111 in each group are located at both ends of the width direction of the first conductive sheet 11, and the side of the two first through holes 111 facing away from each other is open.
  • the two groups of first through holes 111 are spaced apart in the length direction of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the first conductive sheet 11 between the two groups of first through holes 111 is constructed as a first weak part 112.
  • Embodiment 3 As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the structure of Embodiment 3 is the same as that of Embodiment 2. The same structures are shown with the same markings in the figures. The only difference is that the outer contour of some of the first through holes 111 is U-shaped and the outer contour of some of the first through holes 111 is V-shaped.
  • Embodiment 4 is mostly the same as that of Embodiment 1.
  • the same structures are shown with the same markings in the figures.
  • the only difference is that the first striking pin 41 includes an impact post and a cutting plate.
  • the cutting plate is located on the side of the impact post facing the corresponding first conductive sheet 11.
  • the cutting plate and the first through hole 111 of the corresponding first conductive sheet 11 are arranged opposite to each other in the width direction of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the cutting plate is perpendicular to the first conductive sheet 11.
  • Embodiment 5 has most of the same structure as Embodiment 1. Identical structures are shown with the same reference numerals in the figures. The only difference is that both the first conductive sheet 11 and the second conductive sheet 12 include a first sub-conductive sheet 13, a second sub-conductive sheet 14, and a third sub-conductive sheet 15 connected sequentially. The first sub-conductive sheet 13, the second sub-conductive sheet 14, and the third sub-conductive sheet 15 are separate manufactured parts.
  • a first through hole 111 is provided on the second sub-conductive sheet 14 of the first conductive sheet 11, and a second through hole 121 is provided on the second sub-conductive sheet 14 of the second conductive sheet 12.
  • the thickness of the first sub-conductive sheet 13 and the third sub-conductive sheet 15 is greater than the thickness of the second conductive sheet 14.
  • the outer contour of the first through hole 111 is V-shaped.
  • the motor controller 100 according to an embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to Figures 1 and 10.
  • the motor controller 100 includes the aforementioned safety device 10.
  • the motor controller 100 by setting the above-mentioned safety device 10, has a first through hole 111 extending through the thickness direction of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the first conductive sheet 11 forms a first weak part 112 at the first through hole 111.
  • a Hall chip 3 is set on the circuit board 2. Some Hall chips 3 are arranged opposite to at least some of the first through holes 111, or some Hall chips 3 are inserted into the first through hole 111.
  • the first through hole 111 can serve as a break hole for the first conductive sheet 11, facilitating the disconnection of the first conductive sheet 11 when the current is abnormal.
  • the first through hole 111 can also serve as a sampling hole for the Hall chip 3, realizing the dual use of the first through hole 111. This reduces the number of first through holes 111, simplifies the processing of the first conductive sheet 11, improves the processing and production efficiency of the safety device 10, and reduces production costs.
  • the safety device 10 further includes a second conductive sheet 12, a third conductive sheet 16, and a power component.
  • the first conductive sheet 11, the second conductive sheet 12, and the third conductive sheet 16 are configured as three-phase conductive components.
  • One end of the first conductive sheet 11, the second conductive sheet 12, and the third conductive sheet 16 is connected to the power component, and the other end is used to connect to the motor.
  • the normal operation of the three-phase motor can be achieved.
  • the circuit board 2 is configured as the control board of the motor controller 100. This enables the circuit board 2 to perform a control function, allowing it to control the detonation of the detonating device 4 based on the current signal detected by the Hall chip 3.
  • the circuit board 2 serves both as a bridge circuit for the Hall chip 3 and as a control function, improving integration.
  • the motor assembly 1000 includes the motor controller 100 described above.
  • the motor assembly 1000 by setting the motor controller 100 described above, has a first through hole 111 extending through the thickness direction of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the first conductive sheet 11 forms a first weak part 112 at the first through hole 111.
  • a Hall chip 3 is set on the circuit board 2. Some Hall chips 3 are arranged opposite to at least some of the first through holes 111, or some Hall chips 3 are inserted into the first through hole 111.
  • the first through hole 111 can serve as a break hole for the first conductive sheet 11, facilitating the disconnection of the first conductive sheet 11 when the current is abnormal.
  • the first through hole 111 can also serve as a sampling hole for the Hall chip 3, realizing the dual use of the first through hole 111. This reduces the number of first through holes 111, simplifies the processing of the first conductive sheet 11, improves the processing and production efficiency of the safety device 10, and reduces production costs.
  • the vehicle 10000 according to an embodiment of this application is described below with reference to FIG10.
  • the vehicle 10000 includes the motor assembly 1000 described above.
  • a first through hole 111 is provided on the first conductive sheet 11, penetrating the first conductive sheet 11 in the thickness direction of the first conductive sheet 11.
  • the first conductive sheet 11 forms a first weak part 112 at the first through hole 111.
  • a Hall chip 3 is provided on the circuit board 2. Part of the Hall chip 3 is arranged opposite to at least part of the first through hole 111, or part of the Hall chip 3 is inserted into the first through hole 111.
  • the first through hole 111 can be used as a break hole of the first conductive sheet 11, which facilitates the disconnection of the first conductive sheet 11 when the current is abnormal.
  • the first through hole 111 can also be used as a sampling hole of the Hall chip 3, realizing the dual use of the first through hole 111. This reduces the number of first through holes 111, simplifies the processing of the first conductive sheet 11, improves the processing and production efficiency of the safety device 10, and reduces the production cost.
  • references to terms such as “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “illustrative embodiment,” “example,” “specific example,” or “some examples,” etc. indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application.
  • the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
  • the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

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Abstract

一种保险装置(10)、电机控制器、电机组件和车辆，保险装置(10)包括：第一导电片(11)，第一导电片(11)上具有在第一导电片(11)厚度方向贯穿第一导电片(11)的第一通孔(111)，第一导电片(11)在第一通孔(111)处形成为第一薄弱部(112)，第一薄弱部(112)被构造成在受到撞击时断开；电路板(2)；霍尔芯片(3)，霍尔芯片(3)设于电路板(2)上，部分霍尔芯片(3)与至少部分第一通孔(111)相对设置，或部分霍尔芯片(3)至少部分插入第一通孔(111)中。

Description

保险装置、电机控制器、电机组件和车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为202410685064.3，申请日为2024年5月29日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及电机技术领域，尤其涉及一种保险装置、电机控制器、电机组件和车辆。
背景技术
当绝缘栅双极型晶体管关波，由于电机反拖，此时电机控制器仍持续有大电流通过。为了保护电机控制器不被反拖电流烧坏，需要在部分三相铜排上设置多个断口和多个采样口，断孔用于受到撞击后使三相铜排断开，采样孔用于霍尔芯片的检测，但在铜排上设置过多的断孔和采样孔使得铜排加工复杂，加工和生产效率低，成本高。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本申请提出一种保险装置，所述保险装置减少第一通孔的设置，从而使得第一导电片加工简单，提高了保险装置的加工和生产效率，降低了生产成本。
本申请还提出了一种电机控制器，包括上述的保险装置。
本申请还提出了一种电机组件，包括上述的电机控制器。
本申请还提出了一种车辆，包括上述的电机组件。
根据本申请实施例的保险装置，包括：第一导电片，所述第一导电片上具有在所述第一导电片厚度方向贯穿所述第一导电片的第一通孔，所述第一导电片在所述第一通孔处形成为第一薄弱部，所述第一薄弱部被构造成在受到撞击时断开；电路板；霍尔芯片，所述霍尔芯片设于所述电路板上，部分所述霍尔芯片与至少部分所述第一通孔相对设置，或部分所述霍尔芯片至少部分插入所述第一通孔中。
根据本申请实施例的保险装置，通过在第一导电片上设置在第一导电片厚度方向贯穿第一导电片的第一通孔，第一导电片在第一通孔处形成为第一薄弱部，在电路板上设置霍尔芯片，部分霍尔芯片与至少部分第一通孔相对设置，或部分霍尔芯片插入第一通孔中，从而使得第一通孔既可以成为第一导电片的断孔，便于电流异常时第一导电片的断开，同时第一通孔又可以作为霍尔芯片的采样孔，实现第一通孔的一孔两用，从而可以减少第一通孔的设置，从而使得第一导电片加工简单，提高了保险装置的加工和生产效率，降低了生产成本。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述保险装置还包括：引爆装置，所述引爆装置设于所述电路板上，所述引爆装置具有第一撞针，所述第一撞针的至少部分为绝缘件，所述第一撞针与所述第一导电片对应设置，所述第一撞针与所述第一导电片的所述第一薄弱部相对，所述第一撞针的绝缘部分用于撞击所述第一导电片的所述第一薄弱部。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述第一撞针包括第一撞击柱，所述第一撞击柱与所述第一薄弱部在所述第一导电片的宽度向上相对设置；或，所述第一撞针包括第一撞击柱和第一切板，所述第一切板设于所述第一撞击柱的朝向所述第一导电片的一侧，所述第一切板与所述第一通孔在所述第一导电片的宽度方向上相对设置，所述第一切板与所述第一导电片垂直。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述保险装置还包括电流传感器，所述电流传感器设于所述电路板上且与所述电路板连接，用于检测所述霍尔芯片上的电流信号，所述引爆装置被构造成在所述电流传感器检测所述霍尔芯片电流信号异常时引爆且弹出所述第一撞针撞击对应所述第一导电片的所述薄弱部。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述保险装置还包括：第二导电片，所述第一导电片和所述第二导电片间隔开，所述第二导电片上具有在所述第二导电片厚度方向贯穿所述第二导电片的第二通孔，所述第二导电片在所述第二通孔处形成为第二薄弱部，所述第二薄弱部被构造成在受到撞击时断开，部分所述霍尔芯片与至少部分所述第二通孔相对设置，或部分所述霍尔芯片至少部分插入所述第二通孔中。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述引爆装置位于所述第一导电片和所述第二导电片之间，所述引爆装置还具有第二撞针，所述第二撞针与所述第二导电片的所述第二薄弱部相对，所述第二撞针的至少部分为绝缘件，所述第二撞针的绝缘部分用于撞击所述第二导电片的所述第二薄弱部，在所述第一导电片和所述第二导电片的排布方向上，所述第一撞针和所述第二撞针分别设于所述引爆装置相对的两侧。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述保险装置还包括第三导电片，所述第三导电片位于所述第一导电片和所述第二导电片之间，所述第三导电片上具有在所述第三导电片厚度方向贯穿所述第三导电片的第三通孔，部分所述霍尔芯片与至少部分所述第三通孔相对设置，或部分所述霍尔芯片至少部分插入所述第三通孔中。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述第一导电片、所述第二导电片和所述第三导电片位于所述电路板厚度方向的同一侧，所述第一导电片的至少部分和所述第二导电片的至少部分与所述电路板层叠设置，所述引爆装置位于所述第三导电片和所述电路板之间，所述第一导电片和所述第二导电片在所述电路板的厚度方向上平行设置，所述第一导电片和所述第三导电片在所述电路板的厚度方向上错位设置。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述第一通孔的外轮廓为U型或V型；和/或，所述第二通孔的外轮廓为U型或V型；和/或，所述第三通孔的外轮廓为U型或V型。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述第一导电片、所述第二导电片和所述第三导电片的一端沿所述电路板厚度方向背离所述电路板弯折延伸，所述第一导电片和所述第二导电片相比于所述第三导电片靠近所述电路板设置。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述第一导电片和所述第二导电片中的至少一个包括依次连接的第一子导电片、第二子导电片和第三子导电片，所述第一子导电片、所述第二子导电片和所述第三子导电片为分体加工件，所述第一通孔设于所述第一导电片的所述第二子导电片上，和/或，所述第二通孔设于所述第二导电片的所述第二子导电片上。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述第一子导电片和所述第三子导电片的厚度大于所述第二子导电片的厚度。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述第一通孔为一个，所述第一通孔朝向所述第一导电片宽度方向的一侧敞开；或，所述第一通孔为两个，两个所述第一通孔分别位于所述第一导电片宽度方向的两端且在所述第一导电片的宽度方向上相对设置，两个所述第一通孔的背离彼此的一侧敞开；或，所述第一通孔为四个，四个所述第一通孔分为两组，每组包括在所述第一导电片的宽度方向上相对设置的两个所述第一通孔，每组的两个所述第一通孔分别位于所述第一导电片宽度方向的两端且两个所述第一通孔的背离彼此的一侧敞开，两组所述第一通孔在所述第一导电片的长度方向上间隔开，两组所述第一通孔之间的所述第一导电片被构造成所述第一薄弱部。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述霍尔芯片为无磁芯的霍尔芯片，或，所述霍尔芯片为有磁芯的霍尔芯片。
根据本申请实施例的电机控制器，包括上述的保险装置。
根据本申请实施例的电机控制器，通过设置上述的保险装置，在第一导电片上设置在第一导电片厚度方向贯穿第一导电片的第一通孔，第一导电片在第一通孔处形成为第一薄弱部，在电路板上设置霍尔芯片，部分霍尔芯片与至少部分第一通孔相对设置，或部分霍尔芯片插入第一通孔中，从而使得第一通孔既可以成为第一导电片的断孔，便于电流异常时第一导电片的断开，同时第一通孔又可以作为霍尔芯片的采样孔，实现第一通孔的一孔两用，从而可以减少第一通孔的设置，从而使得第一导电片加工简单，提高了保险装置的加工和生产效率，降低了生产成本。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述保险装置还包括第二导电片、第三导电片和功率组件，所述第一导电片、所述第二导电片和所述第三导电片被构造三相导电件，所述第一导电片、所述第二导电片和所述第三导电片的一端连接所述功率组件，另一端用于连接电机。
在本申请的一些实施例中，所述电路板被配置为所述电机控制器的控制板。
根据本申请实施例的电机组件，包括上述的电机控制器。
根据本申请实施例的电机组件，通过设置上述的电机控制器，在第一导电片上设置在第一导电片厚度方向贯穿第一导电片的第一通孔，第一导电片在第一通孔处形成为第一薄弱部，在电路板上设置霍尔芯片，部分霍尔芯片与至少部分第一通孔相对设置，或部分霍尔芯片插入第一通孔中，从而使得第一通孔既可以成为第一导电片的断孔，便于电流异常时第一导电片的断开，同时第一通孔又可以作为霍尔芯片的采样孔，实现第一通孔的一孔两用，从而可以减少第一通孔的设置，从而使得第一导电片加工简单，提高了保险装置的加工和生产效率，降低了生产成本。
根据本申请实施例的车辆，包括上述的电机组件。
根据本申请实施例的车辆，通过设置上述的电机组件，在第一导电片上设置在第一导电片厚度方向贯穿第一导电片的第一通孔，第一导电片在第一通孔处形成为第一薄弱部，在电路板上设置霍尔芯片，部分霍尔芯片与至少部分第一通孔相对设置，或部分霍尔芯片插入第一通孔中，从而使得第一通孔既可以成为第一导电片的断孔，便于电流异常时第一导电片的断开，同时第一通孔又可以作为霍尔芯片的采样孔，实现第一通孔的一孔两用，从而可以减少第一通孔的设置，从而使得第一导电片加工简单，提高了保险装置的加工和生产效率，降低了生产成本。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是根据本申请实施例的保险装置的立体图；
图2是根据本申请实施例一的保险装置的俯视图，其中，第一撞针包括第一撞击柱，第一通孔为两个；
图3是根据本申请实施例二的保险装置的俯视图，其中，第一撞针包括第一撞击柱，第一通孔为四个，第一通孔的外轮廓为U型；
图4是根据本申请实施例三的保险装置的俯视图，其中，第一撞针包括第一撞击柱，第一通孔为四个，部分第一通孔的外轮廓为U型，部分第一通孔的外轮廓为V型；
图5是根据本申请实施例二或三的保险装置启动后的俯视图；
图6是根据本申请实施例四的保险装置的俯视图，其中，第一撞针包括第一撞击柱和第一切板；
图7是根据本申请实施例五的保险装置的俯视图，其中，第一导电片和第二导电片均包括依次连接的第一子导电片、第二子导电片和第三子导电片；
图8是根据本申请实施例五的保险装置的立体图；
图9是图7中A处的放大图；
图10是根据本申请实施例的车辆的示意图。
附图标记：
10000、车辆；
1000、电机组件；
100、电机控制器；
10、保险装置；
11、第一导电片；111、第一通孔；112、第一薄弱部；12、第二导电片；121、第二通孔；122、
第二薄弱部；13、第一子导电片；14、第二子导电片；15、第三子导电片；16、第三导电片；161、第三通孔；
2、电路板；
3、霍尔芯片；
4、引爆装置；41、第一撞针；411、第一撞击柱；412、第一切板；42、第二撞针；421、第二
撞击柱；422、第二切板；
5、电流传感器。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
下面参考图1-图9描述根据本申请实施例的保险装置10。
如图1-图9所示，根据本申请实施例的保险装置10，包括：第一导电片11、电路板2和霍尔芯片3。
具体地，参考图2-图7，第一导电片11上具有在第一导电片11厚度方向贯穿第一导电片11的第一通孔111，第一导电片11在第一通孔111处形成为第一薄弱部112，第一薄弱部112被构造成在受到撞击时断开。其中，需要说明的是，第一导电片11用于连接电机和电机控制器100，当第一薄弱部112未断开时，第一薄弱部112可以用于载流，从而使得第一导电片11正常通电，保证电机控制器100和电机之间的电路连通，从而使得电机可以正常工作。当电流异常时，第一薄弱部112会受到撞击从而断开，从而使得第一导电片11断路，从而切断电机与电机控制器100之间的回路，从而避免电机和电机控制器100被异常电流损坏，提高了安全性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图8和图9所示，霍尔芯片3设于电路板2上，部分霍尔芯片3与至少部分第一通孔111相对设置，或部分霍尔芯片3插入第一通孔111中，其中，例如在图1-图9所示的示例中，部分霍尔芯片3与至少部分第一通孔111在电路板2的厚度方向相对设置。但是本申请并不限于此，部分霍尔芯片3也可以插入第一通孔111中。
可以理解的是，霍尔芯片3可以通过磁场的大小判断第一导电片11上经过的电流大小，从而判断第一导电片11上的电流是否异常。第一通孔111的设置可以使得第一导电片11上产生的磁感线穿过，从而使得第一通孔111成为了霍尔芯片3的采样孔，从而便于霍尔芯片3对第一导电片11上的电流进行检测。
第一导电片11在第一通孔111处形成为第一薄弱部112，即第一通孔111可以成为第一导电片11的断孔，从而便于电流异常时第一导电片11的断开，同时第一通孔111又可以作为霍尔芯片3的采样孔，实现第一通孔111的一孔两用。相比于在导电片上分别设置断孔和采样孔，从而可以减少第一通孔111的设置，从而使得第一导电片11加工简单，提高了保险装置10的加工和生产效率，降低了生产成本。
根据本申请实施例的保险装置10，通过在第一导电片11上设置在第一导电片11厚度方向贯穿第一导电片11的第一通孔111，第一导电片11在第一通孔111处形成为第一薄弱部112，在电路板2上设置霍尔芯片3，部分霍尔芯片3与至少部分第一通孔111相对设置，或部分霍尔芯片3插入第一通孔111中，从而使得第一通孔111既可以成为第一导电片11的断孔，便于电流异常时第一导电片11的断开，同时第一通孔111又可以作为霍尔芯片3的采样孔，实现第一通孔111的一孔两用，从而可以减少第一通孔111的设置，从而使得第一导电片11加工简单，提高了保险装置10的加工和生产效率，降低了生产成本。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图1-图8所示，保险装置10还包括：引爆装置4，引爆装置4设于电路板2上，引爆装置4具有第一撞针41，第一撞针41的至少部分为绝缘件，第一撞针41与第一导电片11对应设置，第一撞针41与第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112相对，第一撞针41的绝缘部分用于撞击第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112。
其中，需要说明的是，第一撞针41可以整体为绝缘件如塑料等，或者第一撞针41可以部分为绝缘件，例如第一撞针41的外周壁可以为绝缘件，从而可以避免和第一导电片11之间产生电路连接，从而使得第一撞针41伸入第一导电片11断裂处时，可以保证第一导电片11断裂后断开电路，从而进一步地保证在电流异常时，电机与电机控制器100无法构成回路，从而提高了安全性。
可以理解的是，通过第一撞针41与第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112相对，从而使得电流异常时，第一撞针41更容易撞断第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112，从而进一步地保证在电流异常时，电机与电机控制器100无法构成回路，从而提高了安全性。
另外，当引爆装置4被引爆时，会向第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112喷射惰性气体，从而消除第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112断裂后产生的电弧，提高了安全性。同时，第一撞针41可以伸入第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112的断裂处，由于第一撞针41的至少部分为绝缘件，从而可以进一步地消除第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112断裂后产生的电弧，提高了安全性。
当电流正常时，第一撞针41紧缩于引爆装置4中，当霍尔元件检测到异常电流时，引爆装置4被引爆，从而使得第一撞针41弹出，通过第一撞针41对第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112的撞击，从而使得第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112断开，且同时向第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112喷射惰性气体，从而消除第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112断裂后产生的电弧，从而切断电机与电机控制器100之间的回路，从而提高了安全性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图2-图5和图7所示，第一撞针41包括第一撞击柱411，第一撞击柱411与对应的第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112在第一导电片11的宽度向上相对设置；其中，需要说明的是，第一撞击柱411的至少部分为绝缘件，第一撞击柱411的绝缘部分用于撞击第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112。可以理解的是，撞击柱的结构坚固可靠，从而保证了第一撞击柱411在撞击第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112时，第一撞击柱411不易折断，提高了第一撞针41碰撞第一导电片11第一薄弱部112的可靠性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图6所示，第一撞针41包括第一撞击柱411和第一切板412，第一切板412设于第一撞击柱411的朝向第一导电片11的一侧，第一切板412与第一通孔111在第一导电片11的宽度方向上相对设置，第一切板412与第一导电片11垂直。其中，需要说明的是，第一切板412的至少部分为绝缘件，第一切板412的绝缘部分用于撞击第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112。第一切板412与第一导电片11垂直指的是第一导电片11厚度方向端面所在的平面与第一切板412厚度方向端面所在的平面垂直。
可以理解的是，第一撞击柱411的设置使得第一撞针41在撞击第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112时，第一撞针41具有足够的结构强度，从而避免第一撞针41折断，而第一切板412相对于第一撞击柱411更加锋利，第一切板412的设置使得第一撞针41可以更容易撞断第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112，从而进一步地保证在电流异常时，电机与电机控制器100无法构成回路，从而提高了安全性。
另外，当第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112被切断时，由于第一切板412的厚度较薄，从而便于第一切板412伸入第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112的断开处，从而进一步地消除第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112断裂后产生的电弧，提高了安全性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图2-图7所示，保险装置10还包括电流传感器5，电流传感器5设于电路板2上且与电路板2连接，用于检测霍尔芯片3上的电流信号，引爆装置4被构造成在电流传感器5检测霍尔芯片3电流信号异常时引爆且弹出第一撞针41撞击对应第一导电片11的薄弱部。
可以理解的是，电流传感器5与电路板2连接，霍尔芯片3与电路板2连接，从而使得霍尔芯片3上的电流信号可以传递至电流传感器5，通过电流传感器5处理霍尔芯片3上的电流信号，从而判断电流的异常与否。同时，引爆装置4与电路板2连接，当电流传感器5判断电流为异常时，电流传感器5可以控制引爆装置4引爆，从而使得第一撞针41弹出撞击对应第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112，从而撞断第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112，从而进一步地保证在电流异常时，电机与电机控制器100无法构成回路，从而提高了安全性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图2-图7所示，保险装置10还包括：第二导电片12，第一导电片11和第二导电片12间隔开，第二导电片12上具有在第二导电片12厚度方向贯穿第二导电片12的第二通孔121，第二导电片12在第二通孔121处形成为第二薄弱部122，第二薄弱部122被构造成在受到撞击时断开，部分霍尔芯片3与至少部分第二通孔121相对设置，或部分霍尔芯片3至少部分插入第二通孔121中。
其中，需要说明的是，第一导电片11和第二导电片12在第一导电片11的宽度方向间隔开。第二导电片12也用于连接电机和电机控制器100，当第二薄弱部122未断开时，第二薄弱部122可以用于载流，从而使得第二导电片12正常通电，保证电机控制器100和电机之间的电路连通，从而使得电机可以正常工作。当电流异常时，第二薄弱部122会受到撞击从而断开，从而使得第二导电片12断路，从而切断电机与电机控制器100之间的回路，从而避免电机和电机控制器100被异常电流损坏，提高了安全性。由此，当第一导电片11和第二导电片12其中一个断开时，就能切断电机与电机控制器100之间的回路，从而避免电机和电机控制器100被异常电流损坏，从而进一步地提高了安全性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图8和图9所示，部分霍尔芯片3与至少部分第二通孔121相对设置，或部分霍尔芯片3插入第二通孔121中，其中，例如在图1-图9所示的示例中，部分霍尔芯片3与至少部分第二通孔121在电路板2的厚度方向相对设置。但是本申请并不限于此，部分霍尔芯片3也可以插入第二通孔121中。
可以理解的是，霍尔芯片3可以通过磁场的大小判断第二导电片12上经过的电流大小，从而判断第二导电片12上的电流是否异常。第二通孔121的设置可以使得第二导电片12上产生的磁感线穿过，从而使得第二通孔121成为了霍尔芯片3的采样孔，从而便于霍尔芯片3对第二导电片12上的电流进行检测。
第二导电片12在第二通孔121处形成为第二薄弱部122，即第二通孔121可以成为第二导电片12的断孔，从而便于电流异常时第二导电片12的断开，同时第二通孔121又可以作为霍尔芯片3的采样孔，实现第二通孔121的一孔两用。相比于在导电片上分别设置断孔和采样孔，从而可以减少第二通孔121的设置，从而使得第二导电片12加工简单，提高了保险装置10的加工和生产效率，降低了生产成本。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图1-图8所示，引爆装置4位于第一导电片11和第二导电片12之间，引爆装置4还具有第二撞针42，第二撞针42与第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122相对，第二撞针42的至少部分为绝缘件，第二撞针42的绝缘部分用于撞击第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122。
其中，需要说明的是，第二撞针42可以整体为绝缘件如塑料等，或者第二撞针42可以部分为绝缘件，例如第二撞针42的外周壁可以为绝缘件，从而可以避免和第二导电片12之间产生电路连接，从而使得第二撞针42伸入第二导电片12断裂处时，可以保证第二导电片12断裂后断开电路，从而进一步地保证在电流异常时，电机与电机控制器100无法构成回路，从而提高了安全性。
可以理解的是，通过第二撞针42与第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122相对，从而使得电流异常时，第二撞针42更容易撞断第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122，从而进一步地保证在电流异常时，电机与电机控制器100无法构成回路，从而提高了安全性。
另外，当引爆装置4被引爆时，会向第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122喷射惰性气体，从而消除第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122断裂后产生的电弧，提高了安全性。同时，第二撞针42可以伸入第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122的断裂处，由于第二撞针42的至少部分为绝缘件，从而可以进一步地消除第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122断裂后产生的电弧，提高了安全性。
当电流正常时，第二撞针42紧缩于引爆装置4中，当霍尔元件检测到异常电流时，引爆装置4被引爆，从而使得第二撞针42弹出，通过第二撞针42对第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122的撞击，从而使得第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122断开，且同时向第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122喷射惰性气体，从而消除第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122断裂后产生的电弧，从而切断电机与电机控制器100之间的回路，从而提高了安全性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图2-图7所示，在第一导电片11和第二导电片12的排布方向上，第一撞针41和第二撞针42分别设于引爆装置4相对的两侧。由此，使得一个引爆装置4可以同时切断第一导电片11和第二导电片12，从而减少了引爆装置4的设置，从而简化了结构，减少了成本。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图2-图5和图7所示，第二撞针42包括第二撞击柱421，第二撞击柱421与对应的第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122在第二导电片12的宽度向上相对设置；其中，需要说明的是，第二撞击柱421的至少部分为绝缘件，第二撞击柱421的绝缘部分用于撞击第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122。可以理解的是，撞击柱的结构坚固可靠，从而保证了第二撞击柱421在撞击第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122时，第二撞击柱421不易折断，提高了第二撞针42碰撞第二导电片12第二薄弱部122的可靠性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图6所示，第二撞针42包括第二撞击柱421和第二切板422，第二切板422设于第二撞击柱421的朝向第二导电片12的一侧，第二切板422与第二通孔121在第二导电片12的宽度方向上相对设置，第二切板422与第二导电片12垂直。其中，需要说明的是，第二切板422的至少部分为绝缘件，第二切板422的绝缘部分用于撞击第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122。第二切板422与第二导电片12垂直指的是第二导电片12厚度方向端面所在的平面与第二切板422厚度方向端面所在的平面垂直。
可以理解的是，第二撞击柱421的设置使得第二撞针42在撞击第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122时，第二撞针42具有足够的结构强度，从而避免第二撞针42折断，而第二切板422相对于第二撞击柱421更加锋利，第二切板422的设置使得第二撞针42可以更容易撞断第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122，从而进一步地保证在电流异常时，电机与电机控制器100无法构成回路，从而提高了安全性。
另外，当第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122被切断时，由于第二切板422的厚度较薄，从而便于第二切板422伸入第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122的断开处，从而进一步地消除第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122断裂后产生的电弧，提高了安全性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图2-图7所示，保险装置10还包括第三导电片16，第三导电片16位于第一导电片11和第二导电片12之间，第三导电片16上具有在第三导电片16厚度方向贯穿第三导电片16的第三通孔161，部分霍尔芯片3与至少部分第三通孔161相对设置，或部分霍尔芯片3至少部分插入第三通孔161中。其中，需要说明的是，通过设置第一导电片11、第二导电片12和第三导电片16，从而可以实现三相电流的输出，从而可以实现三相电机的工作。
可以理解的是，第三通孔161的设置可以使得第三导电片16上产生的磁感线穿过，从而使得第三通孔161成为了霍尔芯片3的采样孔，从而便于霍尔芯片3对第三导电片16上的电流进行检测。当第三导电片16上的电流异常时，引爆装置4被引爆，通过第一撞针41撞击第一薄弱部112，第二撞针42撞击第二薄弱部122，从而切断第一薄弱部112和第二薄弱部122，从而使得电机与电机控制器100无法构成回路，从而提高了安全性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图1-图8所示，第一导电片11、第二导电片12和第三导电片16位于电路板2厚度方向的同一侧，第一导电片11的至少部分和第二导电片12的至少部分与电路板2层叠设置，引爆装置4位于第三导电片16和电路板2之间，第一导电片11和第二导电片12在电路板2的厚度方向上平行设置，第一导电片11和第三导电片16在电路板2的厚度方向上错位设置。可以理解的是，通过第一导电片11和第三导电片16在电路板2的厚度方向上错位设置，从而便于安装引爆装置4，从而提高了安装和生产效率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图2-图7所示，第一通孔111的外轮廓为U型或V型；由此，使得第一通孔111的外轮廓有更多的选择，从而使得保险装置10可以适用于不同的场景，从而提高了适用范围。
其中，当第一通孔111为多个时，多个第一通孔111的外轮廓可以全是U型，或多个第一通孔111的外轮廓中，一部分为U型，另一部分为V型，或多个第一通孔111的外轮廓全是V型。如图2、图3和图6所示，第一通孔111的外轮廓可以均为U型；如图4和图5所示，多个第一通孔111的外轮廓中，一部分为U型，另一部分为V型；如图7所示，多个第一通孔111的外轮廓全是V型。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图2-图7所示，第二通孔121的外轮廓为U型或V型；由此，使得第二通孔121的外轮廓有更多的选择，从而使得保险装置10可以适用于不同的场景，从而提高了适用范围。
其中，当第二通孔121为多个时，多个第二通孔121的外轮廓可以全是U型，或多个第二通孔121的外轮廓中，一部分为U型，另一部分为V型，或多个第二通孔121的外轮廓全是V型。如图2、图3和图6所示，第二通孔121的外轮廓可以均为U型；如图4和图5所示，多个第二通孔121的外轮廓中，一部分为U型，另一部分为V型；如图7所示，多个第二通孔121的外轮廓全是V型。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图2-图7所示，第三通孔161的外轮廓为U型或V型。由此，使得第三通孔161的外轮廓有更多的选择，从而使得保险装置10可以适用于不同的场景，从而提高了适用范围。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图1-图8所示，第一导电片11、第二导电片12和第三导电片16的一端沿电路板2厚度方向背离电路板2弯折延伸，第一导电片11和第二导电片12相比于第三导电片16靠近电路板2设置。由此，通过第一导电片11、第二导电片12和第三导电片16的一端沿电路板2厚度方向背离电路板2弯折延伸，从而使得第一导电片11、第二导电片12和第三导电片16可以利用部分电路板2厚度方向的空间，从而使得优化了空间布置，使得结构更加紧凑。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图7-图9所示，第一导电片11和第二导电片12中的至少一个包括依次连接的第一子导电片13、第二子导电片14和第三子导电片15，第一子导电片13、第二子导电片14和第三子导电片15为分体加工件，第一通孔111设于第一导电片11的第二子导电片14上，和/或，第二通孔121设于第二导电片12的第二子导电片14上。
可以理解的是，第一子导电片13和第三子导电片15的其中一个与电机连接，另一个与电机控制器100连接。以第一导电片11包括第一子导电片13、第二子导电片14和第三子导电片15为例，当电流正常时，通过第二子导电片14的两端分别与第一子导电片13和第三子导电片15连接，从而实现电机和电机控制器100回路连通，实现电机的正常工作。
以第一导电片11包括第一子导电片13、第二子导电片14和第三子导电片15为例，第二子导电片14在第一通孔111处形成为第一薄弱部112，当电流异常时，第二子导电片14的第一薄弱部112受到撞击从而断开，从而使得第一子导电片13和第三子导电片15之间断开，从而使得电机和电机控制器100回路断开，从而提高了安全性。同时，第二子导电片14受到过重的撞击时会造成第二子导电片14的飞出，但是第一子导电片13和第三子导电片15不会受到撞击影响，从而保护了第一子导电片13和第三子导电片15的完整性，从而保证了电机和电机控制器100的完整性。
另外，当第二子导电片14撞断后，可以对第二子导电片14进行更换后，保险装置10仍然可以正常使用，从而避免更换整个第一导电片11，降低了成本。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第一子导电片13和第三子导电片15的厚度大于第二子导电片14的厚度。由此，使得第二子导电片14的厚度更薄，从而使得第二子导电片14的第一薄弱部112更容易被撞断，从而提高了安全性。同时，可以减少第二子导电片14的制造成本，从而提高了经济性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第一通孔111为一个，第一通孔111朝向第一导电片11宽度方向的一侧敞开。可以理解的是，此时，第一通孔111和第一撞针41在第一导电片11宽度方向上相对设置，第一通孔111朝向第一导电片11宽度方向的一侧敞开，从而使得第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112易被断开，从而提高了安全性。同时，设置一个第一通孔111，使得第一通孔111的数量少，从而使得第一导电片11加工简单，提高了保险装置10的加工和生产效率，降低了生产成本。
或，如图2、图6和图7所示，第一通孔111为两个，两个第一通孔111分别位于第一导电片11宽度方向的两端且在第一导电片11的宽度方向上相对设置，两个第一通孔111的背离彼此的一侧敞开；此时，第一通孔111和第一撞针41在第一导电片11宽度方向上相对设置。由此，通过设置两个第一通孔111，从而减少了第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112的面积，从而进一步地降低第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112的结构强度，从而使得第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112易被断开，从而提高了安全性。
或，如图3-图5所示，第一通孔111为四个，四个第一通孔111分为两组，每组包括在第一导电片11的宽度方向上相对设置的两个第一通孔111，每组的两个第一通孔111分别位于第一导电片11宽度方向的两端且两个第一通孔111的背离彼此的一侧敞开，两组第一通孔111在第一导电片11的长度方向上间隔开，两组第一通孔111之间的第一导电片11被构造成第一薄弱部112。
其中，需要说明的是，第一导电片11上的第一通孔111为四个，而第三导电片16上的第一通孔161仍然为两个，由于第三导电片16上的第一通孔161只用于与霍尔芯片3配合，从而使得第三导电片16上的第一通孔161设为两个即可，从而使得第三导电片16加工简单，提高了保险装置10的加工和生产效率，降低了生产成本。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图3-图5所示，第一导电片11上的第一通孔111为四个，四个第一通孔111分为两组，每组包括在第一导电片11的宽度方向上相对设置的两个第一通孔111，每组的两个第一通孔111分别位于第一导电片11宽度方向的两端且两个第一通孔111的背离彼此的一侧敞开，两组第一通孔111在第一导电片11的长度方向上间隔开，两组第一通孔111之间的第一导电片11被构造成第一薄弱部112。
可以理解的是，此时，第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112和第一撞针41在第一导电片11宽度方向上相对设置，霍尔芯片3与其中一组的两个第一通孔111配合。通过设置四个第一通孔111，从而进一步地降低第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112的结构强度，从而使得第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112易被断开，从而提高了安全性。
另外，两组第一通孔111之间的第一导电片11被构造成第一薄弱部112，当第一薄弱部112被断开时，两组第一通孔111之间更容易形成间隙，从而更加便于第一撞针41伸入第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112的断裂处，从而可以进一步地消除第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112断裂后产生的电弧，提高了安全性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第二通孔121为一个，第二通孔121朝向第二导电片12宽度方向的一侧敞开。可以理解的是，此时，第二通孔121和第二撞针42在第二导电片12宽度方向上相对设置，第二通孔121朝向第二导电片12宽度方向的一侧敞开，从而使得第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122易被断开，从而提高了安全性。同时，设置一个第二通孔121，使得第二通孔121的数量少，从而使得第二导电片12加工简单，提高了保险装置10的加工和生产效率，降低了生产成本。
或，如图2、图6和图7所示，第二通孔121为两个，两个第二通孔121分别位于第二导电片12宽度方向的两端且在第二导电片12的宽度方向上相对设置，两个第二通孔121的背离彼此的一侧敞开；此时，第二通孔121和第二撞针42在第二导电片12宽度方向上相对设置。由此，通过设置两个第二通孔121，从而减少了第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122的面积，从而进一步地降低第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122的结构强度，从而使得第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122易被断开，从而提高了安全性。
或，如图3-图5所示，第二通孔121为四个，四个第二通孔121分为两组，每组包括在第二导电片12的宽度方向上相对设置的两个第二通孔121，每组的两个第二通孔121分别位于第二导电片12宽度方向的两端且两个第二通孔121的背离彼此的一侧敞开，两组第二通孔121在第二导电片12的长度方向上间隔开，两组第二通孔121之间的第二导电片12被构造成第二薄弱部122。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图3-图5所示，第二导电片12上的第二通孔121为四个，四个第二通孔121分为两组，每组包括在第二导电片12的宽度方向上相对设置的两个第二通孔121，每组的两个第二通孔121分别位于第二导电片12宽度方向的两端且两个第二通孔121的背离彼此的一侧敞开，两组第二通孔121在第二导电片12的长度方向上间隔开，两组第二通孔121之间的第二导电片12被构造成第二薄弱部122。
可以理解的是，此时，第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122和第二撞针42在第二导电片12宽度方向上相对设置，霍尔芯片3与其中一组的两个第二通孔121配合。通过设置四个第二通孔121，从而进一步地降低第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122的结构强度，从而使得第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122易被断开，从而提高了安全性。
另外，两组第二通孔121之间的第二导电片12被构造成第二薄弱部122，当第二薄弱部122被断开时，两组第二通孔121之间更容易形成间隙，从而更加便于第二撞针42伸入第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122的断裂处，从而可以进一步地消除第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122断裂后产生的电弧，提高了安全性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，霍尔芯片3为无磁芯的霍尔芯片3，或，霍尔芯片3为有磁芯的霍尔芯片3。由此，使得霍尔芯片3的选择多样化，从而使得保险装置10可以适用于不同的场景，从而提高了适用范围。其中，当霍尔芯片3选用为无磁芯的霍尔芯片3时，体积小，占用空间小，从而有利于优化保险装置10的体积。
下面描述根据本申请具体实施例一、实施例二、实施例三、实施例四和实施例五的保险装置10，值得理解的是，下述描述只是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
实施例一：
如图1-图9所示，根据本申请实施例的保险装置10，包括：第一导电片11、第二导电片12、第三导电片16、电路板2、霍尔芯片3、引爆装置4和电流传感器5。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图1-图9所示，第一导电片11上具有在第一导电片11厚度方向贯穿第一导电片11的第一通孔111，第一导电片11在第一通孔111处形成为第一薄弱部112，第一薄弱部112被构造成在受到撞击时断开。霍尔芯片3设于电路板2上，部分霍尔芯片3与至少部分第一通孔111相对设置，或部分霍尔芯片3插入第一通孔111中。第一导电片11和第二导电片12间隔开，第二导电片12上具有在第二导电片12厚度方向贯穿第二导电片12的第二通孔121，第二导电片12在第二通孔121处形成为第二薄弱部122，第二薄弱部122被构造成在受到撞击时断开，部分霍尔芯片3与至少部分第二通孔121相对设置，或部分霍尔芯片3至少部分插入第二通孔121中。第三导电片16位于第一导电片11和第二导电片12之间，第三导电片16上具有在第三导电片16厚度方向贯穿第三导电片16的第三通孔161，部分霍尔芯片3与至少部分第三通孔161相对设置，或部分霍尔芯片3至少部分插入第三通孔161中。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图1-图9所示，引爆装置4设于电路板2上，引爆装置4位于第一导电片11和第二导电片12之间，引爆装置4具有第一撞针41和第二撞针42，在第一导电片11和第二导电片12的排布方向上，第一撞针41和第二撞针42分别设于引爆装置4相对的两侧。第一撞针41的至少部分为绝缘件，第一撞针41与第一导电片11对应设置，第一撞针41与第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112相对，第一撞针41的绝缘部分用于撞击第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112。第二撞针42与第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122相对，第二撞针42的至少部分为绝缘件，第二撞针42的绝缘部分用于撞击第二导电片12的第二薄弱部122。第一撞针41包括第一撞击柱411和第二撞击柱421，第一撞击柱411与对应的第一导电片11的第一薄弱部112在第一导电片11的宽度向上相对设置。第一导电片11、第二导电片12和第三导电片16位于电路板2厚度方向的同一侧，第一导电片11的至少部分和第二导电片12的至少部分与电路板2层叠设置，引爆装置4位于第三导电片16和电路板2之间，第一导电片11和第二导电片12在电路板2的厚度方向上平行设置，第一导电片11和第三导电片16在电路板2的厚度方向上错位设置。第一导电片11、第二导电片12和第三导电片16的一端沿电路板2厚度方向背离电路板2弯折延伸，第一导电片11和第二导电片12相比于第三导电片16靠近电路板2设置。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图2-图7所示，电流传感器5设于电路板2上且与电路板2连接，用于检测霍尔芯片3上的电流信号，引爆装置4被构造成在电流传感器5检测霍尔芯片3电流信号异常时引爆且弹出第一撞针41撞击对应第一导电片11的薄弱部。
实施例二：
如图3和图5所示，实施例二与实施例一的大部分结构相同，其中，相同的结构在附图中用相同的标记显示，不同之处仅在于第一通孔111为四个，四个第一通孔111分为两组，每组包括在第一导电片11的宽度方向上相对设置的两个第一通孔111，每组的两个第一通孔111分别位于第一导电片11宽度方向的两端且两个第一通孔111的背离彼此的一侧敞开，两组第一通孔111在第一导电片11的长度方向上间隔开，两组第一通孔111之间的第一导电片11被构造成第一薄弱部112。
实施例三：
如图4和图5所示，实施例三与实施例二的大部分结构相同，其中，相同的结构在附图中用相同的标记显示，不同之处仅在于部分第一通孔111的外轮廓为U型，部分第一通孔111的外轮廓为V型。
实施例四：
如图6所示，实施例四与实施例一的大部分结构相同，其中，相同的结构在附图中用相同的标记显示，不同之处仅在于第一撞针41包括撞击柱和切板，切板设于撞击柱的朝向对应的第一导电片11的一侧，切板与对应的第一导电片11的第一通孔111在第一导电片11的宽度方向上相对设置，切板与第一导电片11垂直。
实施例五：
如图7-图9所示，实施例五与实施例一的大部分结构相同，其中，相同的结构在附图中用相同的标记显示，不同之处仅在于第一导电片11和第二导电片12均包括依次连接的第一子导电片13、第二子导电片14和第三子导电片15，第一子导电片13、第二子导电片14和第三子导电片15为分体加工件，第一通孔111设于第一导电片11的第二子导电片14上，第二通孔121设于第二导电片12的第二子导电片14上，第一子导电片13和第三子导电片15的厚度大于第二子导电片14的厚度。第一通孔111的外轮廓为V型。
下面参考图1和图10描述描述根据本申请实施例的电机控制器100。
如图1和图10所示，根据本申请实施例的电机控制器100，包括上述的保险装置10。
根据本申请实施例的电机控制器100，通过设置上述的保险装置10，在第一导电片11上设置在第一导电片11厚度方向贯穿第一导电片11的第一通孔111，第一导电片11在第一通孔111处形成为第一薄弱部112，在电路板2上设置霍尔芯片3，部分霍尔芯片3与至少部分第一通孔111相对设置，或部分霍尔芯片3插入第一通孔111中，从而使得第一通孔111既可以成为第一导电片11的断孔，便于电流异常时第一导电片11的断开，同时第一通孔111又可以作为霍尔芯片3的采样孔，实现第一通孔111的一孔两用，从而可以减少第一通孔111的设置，从而使得第一导电片11加工简单，提高了保险装置10的加工和生产效率，降低了生产成本。
在本申请的一些实施例中，保险装置10还包括第二导电片12、第三导电片16和功率组件，第一导电片11、第二导电片12和第三导电片16被构造三相导电件，第一导电片11、第二导电片12和第三导电片16的一端连接功率组件，另一端用于连接电机。由此，可以实现三相电机的正常工作。
在本申请的一些实施例中，电路板2被配置为电机控制器100的控制板。由此，使得电路板2具有控制作用，从而便于电路板2可以根据霍尔芯片3检测到的电流信号控制引爆装置4的引爆，从而既作为霍尔芯片3的电桥，又可以实现控制功能，提高了集成度。
下面参考图10描述根据本申请实施例的电机组件1000。
如图10所示，根据本申请实施例的电机组件1000，包括上述的电机控制器100。
根据本申请实施例的电机组件1000，通过设置上述的电机控制器100，在第一导电片11上设置在第一导电片11厚度方向贯穿第一导电片11的第一通孔111，第一导电片11在第一通孔111处形成为第一薄弱部112，在电路板2上设置霍尔芯片3，部分霍尔芯片3与至少部分第一通孔111相对设置，或部分霍尔芯片3插入第一通孔111中，从而使得第一通孔111既可以成为第一导电片11的断孔，便于电流异常时第一导电片11的断开，同时第一通孔111又可以作为霍尔芯片3的采样孔，实现第一通孔111的一孔两用，从而可以减少第一通孔111的设置，从而使得第一导电片11加工简单，提高了保险装置10的加工和生产效率，降低了生产成本。
下面参考图10描述根据本申请实施例的车辆10000。
如图10所示，根据本申请实施例的车辆10000，包括上述的电机组件1000。
根据本申请实施例的车辆10000，通过设置上述的电机组件1000，在第一导电片11上设置在第一导电片11厚度方向贯穿第一导电片11的第一通孔111，第一导电片11在第一通孔111处形成为第一薄弱部112，在电路板2上设置霍尔芯片3，部分霍尔芯片3与至少部分第一通孔111相对设置，或部分霍尔芯片3插入第一通孔111中，从而使得第一通孔111既可以成为第一导电片11的断孔，便于电流异常时第一导电片11的断开，同时第一通孔111又可以作为霍尔芯片3的采样孔，实现第一通孔111的一孔两用，从而可以减少第一通孔111的设置，从而使得第一导电片11加工简单，提高了保险装置10的加工和生产效率，降低了生产成本。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本申请的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种保险装置，其中，包括：
    第一导电片，所述第一导电片上具有在所述第一导电片厚度方向贯穿所述第一导电片的第一通孔，所述第一导电片在所述第一通孔处形成为第一薄弱部，所述第一薄弱部被构造成在受到撞击时断开；
    电路板；
    霍尔芯片，所述霍尔芯片设于所述电路板上，部分所述霍尔芯片与至少部分所述第一通孔相对设置，或部分所述霍尔芯片至少部分插入所述第一通孔中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的保险装置，其中，所述保险装置还包括：
    引爆装置，所述引爆装置设于所述电路板上，所述引爆装置具有第一撞针，所述第一撞针的至少部分为绝缘件，所述第一撞针与所述第一导电片对应设置，所述第一撞针与所述第一导电片的所述第一薄弱部相对，所述第一撞针的绝缘部分用于撞击所述第一导电片的所述第一薄弱部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的保险装置，其中，所述第一撞针包括第一撞击柱，所述第一撞击柱与所述第一薄弱部在所述第一导电片的宽度向上相对设置；
    或，所述第一撞针包括第一撞击柱和第一切板，所述第一切板设于所述第一撞击柱的朝向所述第一导电片的一侧，所述第一切板与所述第一通孔在所述第一导电片的宽度方向上相对设置，所述第一切板与所述第一导电片垂直。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的保险装置，其中，所述保险装置还包括电流传感器，所述电流传感器设于所述电路板上且与所述电路板连接，用于检测所述霍尔芯片上的电流信号，所述引爆装置被构造成在所述电流传感器检测所述霍尔芯片电流信号异常时引爆且弹出所述第一撞针撞击对应所述第一导电片的所述薄弱部。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4中任一项所述的保险装置，其中，还包括：第二导电片，所述第一导电片和所述第二导电片间隔开，所述第二导电片上具有在所述第二导电片厚度方向贯穿所述第二导电片的第二通孔，所述第二导电片在所述第二通孔处形成为第二薄弱部，所述第二薄弱部被构造成在受到撞击时断开，部分所述霍尔芯片与至少部分所述第二通孔相对设置，或部分所述霍尔芯片至少部分插入所述第二通孔中。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的保险装置，其中，所述引爆装置位于所述第一导电片和所述第二导电片之间，所述引爆装置还具有第二撞针，所述第二撞针与所述第二导电片的所述第二薄弱部相对，所述第二撞针的至少部分为绝缘件，所述第二撞针的绝缘部分用于撞击所述第二导电片的所述第二薄弱部，在所述第一导电片和所述第二导电片的排布方向上，所述第一撞针和所述第二撞针分别设于所述引爆装置相对的两侧。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的保险装置，其中，还包括第三导电片，所述第三导电片位于所述第一导电片和所述第二导电片之间，所述第三导电片上具有在所述第三导电片厚度方向贯穿所述第三导电片的第三通孔，部分所述霍尔芯片与至少部分所述第三通孔相对设置，或部分所述霍尔芯片至少部分插入所述第三通孔中。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的保险装置，其中，所述第一导电片、所述第二导电片和所述第三导电片位于所述电路板厚度方向的同一侧，所述第一导电片的至少部分和所述第二导电片的至少部分与所述电路板层叠设置，所述引爆装置位于所述第三导电片和所述电路板之间，所述第一导电片和所述第二导电片在所述电路板的厚度方向上平行设置，所述第一导电片和所述第三导电片在所述电路板的厚度方向上错位设置。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的保险装置，其中，所述第一通孔的外轮廓为U型或V型；
    和/或，所述第二通孔的外轮廓为U型或V型；
    和/或，所述第三通孔的外轮廓为U型或V型。
  10. 根据权利要求7-9中任一项所述的保险装置，其中，所述第一导电片、所述第二导电片和所述第三导电片的一端沿所述电路板厚度方向背离所述电路板弯折延伸，所述第一导电片和所述第二导电片相比于所述第三导电片靠近所述电路板设置。
  11. 根据权利要求5-10中任一项所述的保险装置，其中，所述第一导电片和所述第二导电片中的至少一个包括依次连接的第一子导电片、第二子导电片和第三子导电片，所述第一子导电片、所述第二子导电片和所述第三子导电片为分体加工件，所述第一通孔设于所述第一导电片的所述第二子导电片上，和/或，所述第二通孔设于所述第二导电片的所述第二子导电片上。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的保险装置，其中，所述第一子导电片和所述第三子导电片的厚度大于所述第二子导电片的厚度。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的保险装置，其中，所述第一通孔为一个，所述第一通孔朝向所述第一导电片宽度方向的一侧敞开；
    或，所述第一通孔为两个，两个所述第一通孔分别位于所述第一导电片宽度方向的两端且在所述第一导电片的宽度方向上相对设置，两个所述第一通孔的背离彼此的一侧敞开；
    或，所述第一通孔为四个，四个所述第一通孔分为两组，每组包括在所述第一导电片的宽度方向上相对设置的两个所述第一通孔，每组的两个所述第一通孔分别位于所述第一导电片宽度方向的两端且两个所述第一通孔的背离彼此的一侧敞开，两组所述第一通孔在所述第一导电片的长度方向上间隔开，两组所述第一通孔之间的所述第一导电片被构造成所述第一薄弱部。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13中任一项所述的保险装置，其中，所述霍尔芯片为无磁芯的霍尔芯片，或，所述霍尔芯片为有磁芯的霍尔芯片。
  15. 一种电机控制器，其中，包括根据权利要求1-14中任一项所述的保险装置。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电机控制器，其中，所述保险装置还包括第二导电片、第三导电片和功率组件，所述第一导电片、所述第二导电片和所述第三导电片被构造三相导电件，所述第一导电片、所述第二导电片和所述第三导电片的一端连接所述功率组件，另一端用于连接电机。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电机控制器，其中，所述电路板被配置为所述电机控制器的控制板。
  18. 一种电机组件，其中，包括根据权利要求15-17中任一项所述的电机控制器。
  19. 一种车辆，其中，包括根据权利要求18所述的电机组件。
PCT/CN2025/091544 2024-05-29 2025-04-27 保险装置、电机控制器、电机组件和车辆 Pending WO2025246766A1 (zh)

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CN109478482A (zh) * 2016-05-16 2019-03-15 阿丽亚娜集团联合股份公司 用于连接至电路的断路器设备
CN113454746A (zh) * 2019-02-19 2021-09-28 株式会社大赛璐 电气电路切断装置
DE102021125555A1 (de) * 2021-10-01 2023-04-06 Pierburg Gmbh Sicherungsvorrichtung für Hochvoltanwendungen
CN119811955A (zh) * 2024-05-29 2025-04-11 比亚迪股份有限公司 保险装置、电机控制器、电机组件和车辆

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CN109478482A (zh) * 2016-05-16 2019-03-15 阿丽亚娜集团联合股份公司 用于连接至电路的断路器设备
CN113454746A (zh) * 2019-02-19 2021-09-28 株式会社大赛璐 电气电路切断装置
DE102021125555A1 (de) * 2021-10-01 2023-04-06 Pierburg Gmbh Sicherungsvorrichtung für Hochvoltanwendungen
CN119811955A (zh) * 2024-05-29 2025-04-11 比亚迪股份有限公司 保险装置、电机控制器、电机组件和车辆

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