WO2025236173A1 - 电池单体、电池及用电装置 - Google Patents
电池单体、电池及用电装置Info
- Publication number
- WO2025236173A1 WO2025236173A1 PCT/CN2024/093135 CN2024093135W WO2025236173A1 WO 2025236173 A1 WO2025236173 A1 WO 2025236173A1 CN 2024093135 W CN2024093135 W CN 2024093135W WO 2025236173 A1 WO2025236173 A1 WO 2025236173A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- insulating
- electrode
- wall portion
- battery cell
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
- H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
- H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more specifically, to a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device.
- a battery cell In battery technology, a battery cell includes a casing and an electrode assembly housed within the casing.
- the electrode assembly has tabs that are used to electrically connect with electrode terminals located on the casing to enable the input or output of electrical energy from the battery cell.
- existing battery cells are prone to short-circuiting between the tabs and the casing during use, which can lead to the risk of internal short-circuiting in the battery cell and thus hinder the improvement of the battery cell's reliability.
- This application provides a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device, which can effectively improve the reliability of the battery cell.
- a battery cell including a housing, electrode terminals, an electrode assembly, and a first insulating member; the housing has a wall portion; the electrode terminals are disposed on the wall portion; the electrode assembly is housed within the housing, the electrode assembly has a first tab, the first tab being disposed at one end of the electrode assembly near the wall portion in the thickness direction, and the first tab being electrically connected to the electrode terminals; the first insulating member includes a first insulating portion and a second insulating portion, at least a portion of the first insulating portion being located between the wall portion and the first tab along the thickness direction of the wall portion, the second insulating portion surrounding the first insulating portion, the second insulating portion and the first insulating portion jointly defining a receiving space, and at least a portion of the first tab being inserted into the receiving space.
- a first insulating member is provided inside the outer casing for insulating and isolating the first electrode tab from the outer casing.
- the first insulating member includes a first insulating part and a second insulating part that are connected to each other.
- the first insulating part is disposed between the wall and the first electrode tab, and the second insulating part surrounds the first insulating part, so that the first insulating part and the second insulating part together form a receiving space for inserting the first electrode tab.
- the battery cell with this structure facilitates the assembly of the first insulating member.
- the first insulating member can realize the separation between the first electrode tab and the outer casing, and can improve the insulation and isolation effect of the first insulating member between the first electrode tab and the outer casing, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit of the battery cell and improving the reliability of the battery cell.
- the battery cell further includes a first current collector; the first current collector is disposed between the first electrode tab and the first insulating portion along the thickness direction of the wall portion, the first current collector is connected to the first electrode tab, the first insulating portion is provided with a through hole, the through hole is connected to the receiving space, and the electrode terminal is inserted into the through hole and connected to the first current collector.
- a first current collector is also provided inside the casing.
- the first current collector is disposed between the first insulating part and the first electrode tab, and the first insulating part is provided with a through hole for inserting the power supply terminal, so that the first current collector can connect the electrode terminal and the first electrode tab.
- the battery cell with this structure can reduce the difficulty of electrically connecting the electrode terminal and the first electrode tab to each other, thereby reducing the assembly difficulty of the battery cell.
- the first current collector is also located in the accommodating space of the first insulating part, so that the first insulating part can not only insulate the first electrode tab and the casing, but also insulate the first current collector and the casing, which helps to reduce the risk of short circuit between the current collector and the casing, and further reduces the risk of short circuit in the battery cell, thereby further improving the reliability of the battery cell.
- the first insulating portion is connected to the first current collector.
- the first insulating member is fixed on the first current collector.
- the battery cell with this structure can improve the stability of the first insulating member when assembled into the shell, which helps to alleviate the phenomenon of the first insulating member moving or shifting during use, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell.
- it can realize the assembly of the first insulating member, the first current collector, and the electrode assembly first, and then assemble the whole into the shell, thereby reducing the assembly deviation between the first insulating member and the electrode assembly, thus improving the assembly quality between the first insulating member and the electrode assembly.
- it can reduce the risk of the first insulating member damaging the electrode assembly during the assembly of the electrode assembly into the shell, which is conducive to improving the production quality of the battery cell.
- the first insulating portion is bonded to the first current collector.
- the first insulating part of the first insulating component is connected to the first current collector by an adhesive connection structure.
- this can reduce the connection difficulty between the first insulating component and the first current collector, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the battery cell.
- it can ensure that the connection and assembly between the first insulating component and the first current collector does not affect the first current collector, which helps to reduce the phenomenon of damage to the first current collector.
- the battery cell further includes a second insulating member; at least a portion of the second insulating member is disposed between the wall portion and the first insulating portion, and the second insulating member is configured to insulate the first current collector and the wall portion; wherein, along the thickness direction of the wall portion, a limiting portion is provided on the side of the second insulating member opposite to the wall portion, the limiting portion is inserted into the through hole, and the limiting portion is located between the electrode terminal and the hole wall surface of the through hole.
- a second insulating member is also provided inside the housing, and at least a portion of the second insulating member is located between the wall portion and the first insulating portion.
- the second insulating member can further separate the wall portion and the first current collecting member, thereby further improving the mutual insulation and isolation effect between the wall portion and the first current collecting member.
- the limiting part of the second insulating member can also play a certain limiting and positioning role for the first insulating member. This is beneficial to further reduce the phenomenon of the first insulating member moving or shifting during use, and can improve the stability and quality of the first insulating member assembled into the housing.
- the limiting portion is disposed around the electrode terminal.
- the second insulating member is fixedly connected to the first insulating member.
- the battery cell further includes a second insulating member; the second insulating member is disposed along the thickness direction of the wall portion on the side of the wall portion facing the electrode assembly; wherein, along the thickness direction of the wall portion, at least a portion of the first insulating member is located between the second insulating member and the wall portion.
- the second insulating member is disposed on the side of the wall facing the electrode assembly, and at least a portion of the first insulating part of the first insulating member is located between the second insulating member and the wall, so that the second insulating member and the wall can also cooperate to assemble the first insulating part, thereby securing the first insulating member to the housing.
- the battery cell with this structure can, on the one hand, improve the stability of the first insulating member assembled into the housing, which helps to alleviate the phenomenon of the first insulating member moving or shifting during use, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell and reducing the difficulty of securing the first insulating member into the housing, thus reducing the assembly difficulty of the battery cell.
- the risk of damage to the electrode assembly due to the displacement of the first insulating member can be reduced during the assembly of the electrode assembly into the housing, which is conducive to improving the production quality of the battery cell.
- the battery cell further includes a first current collector; the first current collector is disposed between the first tab and the wall portion, and the first current collector connects the electrode terminal and the first tab; wherein, along the thickness direction of the wall portion, a second insulating member is located between the wall portion and the first current collector, and the second insulating member is further configured to insulate and isolate the wall portion and the first current collector.
- a first current collector is also provided inside the casing.
- the first current collector is disposed between the first electrode tab and the wall, so that the first current collector can connect the electrode terminal and the first electrode tab. This helps to reduce the difficulty of electrically connecting the electrode terminal and the first electrode tab.
- both the first current collector and the wall are provided with the second insulating member, and the first current collector is also located within the accommodating space of the first insulating member.
- the second insulating member is fixedly connected to the first insulating member.
- the structural stability of the first insulating component disposed between the wall and the second insulating component can be further improved, so as to further reduce the phenomenon of the first insulating component moving or shifting during use.
- the phenomenon of the first insulating component shaking or shifting can be alleviated, which helps to improve the assembly quality of the first insulating component.
- the wall portion is provided with a mounting hole that penetrates the wall portion along its thickness direction, and a portion of the electrode terminal is disposed within the mounting hole; wherein, the electrode terminal has a first clamping portion located on the side of the wall portion facing the electrode assembly along its thickness direction, and at least a portion of the first insulating portion is disposed between the wall portion and the first clamping portion to insulate and isolate the wall portion and the first clamping portion.
- the electrode terminal has a first clamping portion located on the side of the wall facing the electrode assembly in the thickness direction of the wall portion, and at least a portion of the first insulating portion of the first insulating member is located between the first clamping portion and the wall portion, so that the first clamping portion and the wall portion can also cooperate to assemble the first insulating portion to fasten the first insulating member in the housing.
- the battery cell with this structure can, on the one hand, achieve insulation isolation between the first electrode tab and the housing, and on the other hand, achieve insulation isolation between the first clamping portion and the wall portion, so that there is no need to set a separate insulating component between the first clamping portion and the wall portion, which is beneficial to reduce the manufacturing cost of the battery cell.
- it can improve the stability of the first insulating member assembled in the housing, which is beneficial to alleviate the phenomenon of the first insulating member shifting or displacement during use, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell.
- the battery cell further includes a seal, at least a portion of which is located between the wall portion and the first clamping portion, and the seal abuts against the first insulating portion.
- the seal can not only perform a sealing function, but also clamp the seal through the first clamping portion and the wall. This improves the structural stability and reliability of the seal assembly to the electrode terminal and the hole wall of the mounting hole. Furthermore, by setting the seal and the first insulating portion to abut against each other, the gap between the seal and the first insulating portion is reduced. This improves the insulation and isolation effect between the first insulating portion and the seal between the first clamping portion and the wall, thereby further reducing the risk of short circuit between the first clamping portion and the wall and improving the reliability of the battery cell.
- the wall portion is provided with a mounting hole that penetrates the wall portion along its thickness direction.
- the electrode terminal is fixed to the mounting hole and has a first clamping portion located on the side of the wall portion facing the electrode assembly.
- the battery cell further includes a seal, at least a portion of which is located between the wall portion and the first clamping portion. In a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion, the seal extends beyond the outer peripheral surface of the first clamping portion and abuts against the first insulating portion.
- the electrode terminal has a second clamping portion along the thickness direction of the wall portion, the second clamping portion being located on the side of the wall portion away from the electrode assembly, and the second clamping portion and the first clamping portion being configured to cooperate in clamping the wall portion.
- the electrode terminal is also provided with a second clamping part, and the second clamping part is located on the side of the wall away from the electrode assembly, so that the first clamping part and the second clamping part of the electrode terminal are respectively located on both sides of the wall.
- the electrode terminal can be assembled and fastened to the wall.
- the structure is simple and easy to assemble, which helps to reduce the difficulty of assembling the electrode terminal to the wall and improves the stability and reliability of assembling the electrode terminal to the wall.
- the battery cell further includes a third insulating member; the third insulating member is at least partially disposed between the wall portion and the second clamping portion to insulate and isolate the wall portion and the second clamping portion.
- the battery cell is further provided with a third insulating member, and at least a portion of the third insulating member is located between the wall portion and the second clamping portion of the electrode terminal, so that the third insulating member can achieve insulation isolation between the wall portion and the second clamping portion of the electrode terminal, which helps to reduce the risk of short circuit between the second clamping portion and the wall portion, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell.
- the electrode assembly includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator.
- the first electrode and the second electrode have opposite polarities.
- the first electrode includes a first body and a first tab.
- the first tab is connected to the end of the first body near the wall in the thickness direction of the wall portion.
- a portion of the separator is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode to separate the first electrode and the second electrode, and a portion of the separator covers the outside of the electrode assembly.
- the first tab extends beyond the separator near the wall portion, and the portion of the separator covering the outside of the electrode assembly near the wall portion is inserted into the receiving space.
- the separator used to separate the first electrode and the second electrode surrounds and covers the outside of the electrode assembly, so that the separator can also serve to insulate and isolate the first electrode and the shell, as well as the second electrode and the shell.
- the portion of the separator covering the outside of the electrode assembly to be inserted into the receiving space of the first insulating member in the thickness direction of the wall, the portion of the second insulating part overlaps with the portion of the separator, thereby improving the effect of the second insulating part of the first insulating member and the separator in insulating and isolating the first electrode and the shell, as well as the second electrode and the shell, and reducing the risk of the first tab being exposed and overlapping with the shell.
- this can further improve the reliability of the battery cell, and on the other hand, it eliminates the need for further covering the outside of the electrode assembly with insulating film or other structures, which helps to reduce the manufacturing cost of the battery cell and optimize the production process of the battery cell.
- the housing further has a sidewall surrounding the wall portion, and the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating portion is interference-fitted with the inner peripheral surface of the sidewall.
- the first insulating part is fixed inside the shell, thereby improving the stability of the first insulating part assembled into the shell, which helps to alleviate the phenomenon of the first insulating part moving or shifting during use, so as to improve the reliability of the battery cell.
- one end of the second insulating portion is connected to the first insulating portion, and the other end is provided with a notch, the notch penetrating the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the second insulating portion.
- the second insulating part is more easily deformed in the radial direction of the second insulating part, so as to facilitate the assembly of the first insulating member into the housing.
- the second insulating portion is provided with a plurality of the notches, and the plurality of notches are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the second insulating portion.
- the deformation capability of the second insulating part in the radial direction of the second insulating part is further improved, thereby further reducing the difficulty of interference fit between the second insulating part and the side wall, and further reducing the difficulty of assembling the first insulating member into the housing.
- the electrode assembly includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator.
- the first electrode and the second electrode have opposite polarities.
- the first electrode includes a first body and a first tab.
- the first tab is connected to one end of the first body near the wall in the thickness direction of the wall portion.
- a portion of the separator is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode to separate the first electrode and the second electrode, and a portion of the separator covers the outside of the electrode assembly.
- the projection of the notch along the radial direction of the second insulating portion is located within the portion of the separator that covers the outside of the electrode assembly, and the radial direction of the second insulating portion is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion.
- the portion of the separator covering the outside of the electrode assembly is a structure that covers and blocks the notch in the radial direction of the second insulating part. This reduces the phenomenon of the first tab leaking out from the notch and overlapping with the outer casing, thereby reducing the risk of internal short circuit in the battery cell and improving the reliability of the battery cell.
- the second insulating portion is elastic and configured to deform in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion.
- the second insulating part by setting the second insulating part to a flexible structure and enabling it to deform in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall, it is easier to assemble the first insulating member into the housing, which reduces the difficulty of assembling the first insulating member into the housing and improves the assembly efficiency of the battery cell.
- the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating part and the inner peripheral surface of the side wall to be configured as an interference fit structure, so that the first insulating member is fixed in the housing, which further improves the stability of the first insulating member assembled into the housing and helps to alleviate phenomena such as movement or displacement of the first insulating member during use, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell.
- the Rockwell hardness of the second insulating portion is less than the Rockwell hardness of the outer casing.
- At least a portion of the radial dimension of the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating portion gradually decreases from one end away from the first insulating portion to one end closer to the first insulating portion.
- the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating part can play a certain guiding role in the process of assembling the second insulating part of the first insulating member into the housing, which helps to reduce the difficulty of assembling the second insulating part and the housing, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the battery cell.
- the maximum radial dimension of the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating portion is L1
- the minimum radial dimension of the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating portion is L2 , where 0 ⁇ L1 - L2 ⁇ 6 mm.
- the housing further has a sidewall surrounding the wall portion, and the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating portion abuts against the inner peripheral surface of the sidewall; wherein at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating portion and the sidewall are spaced apart in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion from one end away from the first insulating portion to one end closer to the first insulating portion.
- the electrode assembly includes a first electrode plate, the first electrode plate includes a first body and a first electrode tab, the first electrode tab includes a root and a stacked portion, the root is connected to one end of the first body near the wall along the thickness direction of the wall, the stacked portion is connected to one end of the root near the wall, the stacked portion is electrically connected to the electrode terminal, and the entire stacked portion is located within the receiving space.
- the second insulating part is a structure that does not extend between the outer shell and the first body of the first electrode in the thickness direction of the wall. This reduces the interference between the second insulating part and the first body of the first electrode and reduces the risk of the second insulating part scratching or damaging the first body of the first electrode, thereby improving the stability of the battery cell.
- the thickness of the first insulating portion is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 1.2 mm.
- the thickness of the first insulating part of the first insulating member is 0.3mm to 1.2mm.
- the structural strength of the first insulating part is improved, which is beneficial to improving the insulation and isolation effect of the first insulating part on the first electrode tab and the shell, and also helps to alleviate the phenomenon of damage or warping of the first insulating part during use. This can effectively improve the stability and reliability of the insulation and isolation effect of the first insulating part on the first electrode tab and the shell.
- the thickness of the first insulating part is less than or equal to 1.2mm, the phenomenon of the first insulating part occupying too much space in the shell is alleviated, thereby improving the space utilization rate inside the shell and increasing the energy density of the battery cell.
- the minimum thickness of the second insulating portion is greater than or equal to 0.05 mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm.
- the minimum thickness of the second insulating part of the first insulating member is 0.05mm to 0.5mm.
- the structural strength of the second insulating part is improved, which is beneficial to improving the insulation isolation effect of the second insulating part between the first electrode tab and the shell, and also helps to alleviate the phenomenon of damage or warping of the second insulating part during use. This can effectively improve the stability and reliability of the insulation isolation between the second insulating part and the shell.
- the minimum thickness of the second insulating part is set to be less than or equal to 0.5mm, the phenomenon of the second insulating part occupying too much space in the shell is alleviated, thereby improving the space utilization rate inside the shell and increasing the energy density of the battery cell.
- the first insulating portion and the second insulating portion are integrally formed.
- the connection strength between the first insulating part and the second insulating part can be improved, thereby reducing the phenomenon of the first insulating part and the second insulating part separating from each other, which is beneficial to improving the stability and reliability of the first insulating member during use.
- the maximum thickness of the second insulating portion is less than the thickness of the first insulating portion.
- the second insulating part is a structure that is thinner than the first insulating part, thereby saving the space occupied by the second insulating part between the first electrode and the outer casing, which is beneficial to improving the internal space utilization of the battery cell.
- the thickness of the second insulating portion gradually increases from the end away from the first insulating portion to the end closer to the first insulating portion.
- the second insulating part by setting the thickness of the second insulating part to gradually increase from the end away from the first insulating part to the end closer to the first insulating part, the second insulating part has a larger thickness at the end that is connected to the first insulating part. This improves the connection reliability between the second and first insulating parts and enhances the overall structural stability of the first insulating component. Furthermore, it reduces the thickness of the first insulating part. The molding difficulty of the first insulating part and the second insulating part is reduced to decrease the manufacturing difficulty of the first insulating part.
- the difference between the thickness of the first insulating portion and the minimum thickness of the second insulating portion is greater than or equal to 0 mm and less than or equal to 0.8 mm.
- the difference between the thickness of the first insulating part and the minimum thickness of the second insulating part is set to be greater than or equal to 0 mm and less than or equal to 0.8 mm, the phenomenon of excessive difference between the thickness of the first insulating part and the thickness of the second insulating part is alleviated, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the integrally formed first insulating part and the second insulating part and improving the production efficiency of the first insulating part of the battery cell.
- the difference between the thickness of the first insulating portion and the maximum thickness of the second insulating portion is greater than or equal to 0 mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm.
- the difference between the thickness of the first insulating part and the maximum thickness of the second insulating part is set to be greater than or equal to 0 mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm, the phenomenon of excessive difference between the thickness of the first insulating part and the thickness of the second insulating part is alleviated, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the integrally formed first insulating part and the second insulating part, and improving the production efficiency of the first insulating part of the battery cell.
- the Rockwell hardness of the first insulating element is greater than or equal to 30 HRC.
- the structural strength of the first insulating component is improved, which is beneficial to improving the insulation isolation effect of the first insulating component between the first electrode tab and the shell, and also helps to alleviate the phenomenon of damage or warping of the first insulating component during use, thereby effectively improving the stability and reliability of the first insulating component in insulating isolation between the first electrode tab and the shell.
- the inner surface of the first insulating portion facing the electrode assembly and the inner surface of the second insulating portion facing the electrode assembly are connected by an arc surface, and the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode tab is formed with an inclined surface opposite to the arc surface.
- the radial dimension of the inclined surface near the wall portion is smaller than the radial dimension of the inclined surface away from the wall portion.
- the sides of the first and second insulating portions facing the electrode assembly are formed by an arc chamfer. This helps reduce the risk of the first insulating component damaging the electrode assembly, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell. Furthermore, by setting at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the first tab as an inclined surface corresponding to the arc surface, the risk of the first tab being damaged by the first insulating component is effectively reduced when the first tab of the electrode assembly is inserted into the receiving space of the first insulating component, thereby improving the assembly quality of the battery cell.
- the housing is cylindrical, and the central axis of the housing extends along the thickness direction of the wall portion.
- the battery cell can be easily manufactured into a cylindrical structure, resulting in advantages such as high capacity, long cycle life, and wide operating temperature range. Furthermore, by setting the outer casing to a cylindrical shape, the electrode assembly can be configured as a cylindrical structure with its central axis extending along the thickness direction of the wall, facilitating the insertion of the first electrode tab into the receiving space of the first insulating member, and reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the first insulating member.
- the housing includes a shell and an end cap;
- the shell includes an integrally formed sidewall and a bottom wall, the sidewall surrounding the bottom wall, one end of the sidewall being connected to the bottom wall along the thickness direction of the wall portion, and the other end forming an opening, the sidewall and the bottom wall together defining a receiving cavity for accommodating the electrode assembly; the end cap closes the opening; wherein, the bottom wall is the wall portion.
- the battery cell with this structure can make the wall with electrode terminals far away from the end cover, so that there is no direct connection between the wall and the end cover. This can alleviate the phenomenon that the force generated when the electrode terminals and other components pull or twist the wall acts on the end cover, thereby reducing the risk of connection failure between the end cover and the casing, and thus helping to reduce the risk of leakage of the battery cell during use.
- the housing includes a shell and an end cap; the interior of the shell forms a receiving cavity with an opening for receiving the electrode assembly; the end cap closes the opening; wherein the end cap is the wall portion.
- the battery cell with this structure is easy to assemble electrode terminals on the end cap and easy to electrically connect the electrode terminals to the first tab, which helps to reduce the assembly difficulty of the battery cell and improve the production efficiency of the battery cell.
- embodiments of this application also provide a battery, including the aforementioned battery cell.
- embodiments of this application also provide an electrical device, including the aforementioned battery cell, wherein the battery cell is used to provide electrical energy.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the battery structure provided in some embodiments of this application.
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application.
- Figure 4 is an exploded view of the structure of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application.
- Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of point A of the battery cell shown in Figure 5;
- Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first insulating element provided in some embodiments of this application.
- Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a first insulating member provided in some embodiments of this application.
- Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application.
- Figure 10 is a partial enlarged view of point B of the battery cell shown in Figure 9;
- Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application.
- Figure 12 is a magnified view of part C of the battery cell shown in Figure 11.
- Icons 1000 - Vehicle; 100 - Battery; 10 - Housing; 11 - First Housing Body; 12 - Second Housing Body; 20 - Battery Cell; 21 - Housing; 211 - Wall; 2111 - Mounting Hole; 212 - Housing; 2121 - Opening; 2122 - Bottom Wall; 2123 - Side Wall; 213 - End Cap; 22 - Electrode Terminal; 221 - First Clamping Part; 222 - Second Clamping Part; 23 - Electrode Assembly; 231 - Main Body; 232 - First Tab; 2321 - Root; 2322 - Stacked Part; 23 23- Inclined surface; 233- Second electrode tab; 234- Separating membrane; 24- First insulating element; 241- First insulating part; 2411- Through hole; 242- Second insulating part; 2421- Notch; 243- Accommodating space; 244- Arc surface; 25- Second insulating element; 251- Limiting part; 26- Third insulating element; 27- Sealing element
- connection should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.
- connection can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.
- the term "and/or” is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist.
- a and/or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone.
- the character "/" generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.
- multiple means two or more (including two).
- the battery cell can be a secondary battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be recharged to activate the active materials and continue to be used after the battery cell has been discharged.
- the battery cell can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.
- a single battery cell typically includes an electrode assembly.
- the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator.
- active ions such as lithium ions
- the separator positioned between the positive and negative electrodes, prevents short circuits while allowing active ions to pass through.
- the positive electrode may be a positive electrode sheet, which may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.
- the positive current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the positive active material is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive current collector.
- the positive electrode current collector can be a metal foil or a composite current collector.
- a metal foil it can be aluminum with a silver-plated surface, stainless steel with a silver-plated surface, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, carbon, nickel, or titanium, etc.
- Composite current collectors can include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer.
- Composite current collectors can be formed by forming a metal material (aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).
- the positive electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: lithium phosphate, lithium transition metal oxide, and their respective modified compounds.
- lithium phosphate include, but are not limited to, at least one of lithium iron phosphate (such as LiFePO4 (also referred to as LFP)), lithium iron phosphate and carbon composites, lithium manganese phosphate (such as LiMnPO4 ), lithium manganese phosphate and carbon composites, lithium manganese iron phosphate, and lithium manganese iron phosphate and carbon composites.
- lithium transition metal oxides include, but are not limited to , lithium cobalt oxides (such as LiCoO2 ), lithium nickel oxides (such as LiNiO2 ), lithium manganese oxides (such as LiMnO2 , LiMn2O4 ), lithium nickel cobalt oxides, lithium manganese cobalt oxides, lithium nickel manganese oxides, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxides (such as LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O2 (also abbreviated as NCM 333 ), LiNi 0.5 Co 0.2 Mn 0.3 O2 (also abbreviated as NCM 523 ), LiNi 0.5 Co 0.25 Mn 0.25 O2 (also abbreviated as NCM 211 ), LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O2 (also abbreviated as NCM 622 ), and LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O2 (also abbreviated as NCM 811) ). At least one of the following: lithium nickel cobalt aluminum
- the positive electrode can be a foamed metal.
- the foamed metal can be foamed nickel, foamed copper, foamed aluminum, foamed alloys, etc.
- the surface of the foamed metal may or may not contain a positive electrode active material.
- lithium source material, potassium metal, or sodium metal can also be filled and/or deposited within the foamed metal, where the lithium source material is lithium metal and/or a lithium-rich material.
- the negative electrode may be a negative electrode sheet, and the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector.
- the negative electrode current collector can be a metal foil, a foamed metal, or a composite current collector.
- a metal foil it can be silver-treated aluminum or stainless steel, stainless steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, carbon electrode, nickel, or titanium, etc.
- Foamed metal can be foamed nickel, foamed copper, foamed aluminum, foamed alloy, etc.
- Composite current collectors can include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer.
- Composite current collectors can be formed by forming a metal material (copper, copper alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.).
- a metal material copper, copper alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver and silver alloy, etc.
- a polymer material substrate such as a substrate of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polyethylene, etc.
- the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.
- the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the negative electrode active material is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.
- the negative electrode active material may be a negative electrode active material known in the art for use in battery cells.
- the negative electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, and lithium titanate, etc.
- Silicon-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental silicon, silicon oxide compounds, silicon-carbon composites, silicon-nitrogen composites, and silicon alloys.
- Tin-based materials may be selected from at least one of elemental tin, tin oxide compounds, and tin alloys.
- this application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as battery negative electrode active materials may also be used. These negative electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the positive current collector can be made of aluminum, and the negative current collector can be made of copper.
- the electrode assembly further includes an isolator disposed between the positive and negative electrodes.
- the separator is a separator membrane.
- the separator membrane can be of various types, and any known porous separator membrane with good chemical and mechanical stability can be selected.
- the material of the separator may include at least one of glass fiber, nonwoven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride.
- the separator may be a single-layer film or a multi-layer composite film. When the separator is a multi-layer composite film, the materials of each layer may be the same or different.
- the separator may be a separate component located between the positive and negative electrodes, or it may be attached to the surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes.
- the separator is a solid electrolyte.
- the solid electrolyte is disposed between the positive and negative electrodes, serving both to transport ions and to isolate the positive and negative electrodes.
- the battery cell also includes an electrolyte, which acts as a conductor of ions between the positive and negative electrodes.
- the electrolyte can be liquid, gel-like, or solid. Liquid electrolytes include electrolyte salts and solvents.
- the electrolyte salt may include at least one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluorooxalate borate, lithium dioxalate borate, lithium difluorodioxalate phosphate, and lithium tetrafluorooxalate phosphate.
- the solvent may include at least one selected from ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, ethyl propyl carbonate, butyl carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, 1,4-butyrolactone, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfone, methyl ethyl sulfone, and diethyl sulfone.
- the solvent may also be an ether solvent.
- Ether solvents may include one or more selected from ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, methyl tetrahydrofuran, diphenyl ether, and crown ethers.
- the gel electrolyte includes a polymer as the electrolyte backbone network, combined with an ionic liquid - lithium salt.
- Solid electrolytes include polymer solid electrolytes, inorganic solid electrolytes, and composite solid electrolytes.
- polymer solid electrolytes can be polyether (polyoxyethylene), polysiloxane, polycarbonate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polymethyl methacrylate, monoionic polymers, polyionic liquids-lithium salts, cellulose, etc.
- inorganic solid electrolytes may include one or more of the following: oxide solid electrolytes (crystalline perovskite, sodium superconducting ion conductor, garnet, amorphous LiPON thin film), sulfide solid electrolytes (crystalline lithium superconducting ion conductor (lithium germanium phosphate sulfide, silver sulfide germanium ore), amorphous sulfides), halide solid electrolytes, nitride solid electrolytes, and hydride solid electrolytes.
- oxide solid electrolytes crystalline perovskite, sodium superconducting ion conductor, garnet, amorphous LiPON thin film
- sulfide solid electrolytes crystalline lithium superconducting ion conductor (lithium germanium phosphate sulfide, silver sulfide germanium ore), amorphous sulfides)
- halide solid electrolytes nitride solid electrolytes, and hydr
- composite solid electrolytes are formed by adding inorganic solid electrolyte fillers to polymer solid electrolytes.
- the electrode assembly is a wound structure.
- the positive and negative electrode sheets are wound into a wound structure.
- the electrode assembly is a stacked structure.
- multiple positive and negative electrodes can be set, and multiple positive and multiple negative electrodes can be stacked alternately.
- multiple positive electrode plates can be provided, and negative electrode plates can be folded to form multiple stacked folded segments, with a positive electrode plate sandwiched between adjacent folded segments.
- both the positive and negative electrode plates are folded to form multiple stacked folded segments.
- multiple separators can be provided, each positioned between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates.
- the separators can be continuously arranged, either by folding or rolling between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates.
- the electrode assembly can be cylindrical, flat, or polygonal, etc.
- the electrode assembly has tabs that allow current to be drawn from the electrode assembly.
- the tabs include a positive tab and a negative tab.
- the battery cell may include a housing.
- the housing is used to encapsulate components such as electrode assemblies and electrolytes.
- the housing may be made of steel, aluminum, plastic (such as polypropylene), composite metal (such as copper-aluminum composite), or aluminum-plastic film, etc.
- a battery cell can be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, a pouch battery cell, or a battery cell of other shapes.
- Prismatic battery cells include, but are not limited to, square battery cells, blade-shaped battery cells, and multi-prismatic batteries, such as hexagonal prismatic batteries.
- the battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module comprising one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
- the battery can be a battery module, and when there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells are arranged and fixed to form a battery module.
- the battery can be a battery pack, which includes a housing and individual battery cells, with the individual battery cells or battery modules housed within the housing. middle.
- the battery can be an energy storage device.
- Energy storage devices include energy storage containers, energy storage cabinets, etc.
- the development of battery technology must simultaneously consider multiple design factors, such as performance parameters like energy density, cycle life, discharge capacity, and charge/discharge rate.
- performance parameters like energy density, cycle life, discharge capacity, and charge/discharge rate.
- battery safety must also be taken into account.
- a typical battery cell it usually includes a casing and an electrode assembly housed within the casing.
- the casing has electrode terminals, and correspondingly, one end of the electrode assembly has a tab.
- the battery cell can input or output electrical energy.
- the tab since the tab is very likely to come into contact with the casing, the battery cell is prone to short-circuiting. Therefore, in related technologies, an insulating film is wrapped around the outside of the electrode assembly to insulate and isolate the tab and the casing.
- battery cells with this structure are prone to the insulating film peeling or breaking during use, which still leads to the risk of short-circuiting between the tab and the casing during use, thus hindering the improvement of the battery cell's reliability.
- this application provides a battery cell including a casing, electrode terminals, an electrode assembly, and a first insulating member.
- the casing has a wall portion.
- the electrode terminals are disposed in the wall portion.
- the electrode assembly is housed within the casing and has a first tab.
- the first tab is disposed at one end of the electrode assembly near the wall portion in the thickness direction of the wall portion, and is electrically connected to the electrode terminal.
- the first insulating member includes a first insulating portion and a second insulating portion.
- the first insulating portion is located between the wall portion and the first tab, and the second insulating portion surrounds the first insulating portion.
- the second insulating portion and the first insulating portion together define a receiving space, and at least a portion of the first tab is inserted into the receiving space.
- the first insulating member can separate the first tab from the outer casing and improve the insulation effect of the first insulating member on the first tab and the outer casing, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit in the battery cell and improving the reliability of the battery cell.
- the battery cells disclosed in this application can be used, but are not limited to, in electrical devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft.
- a power system for such an electrical device can be constructed using battery cells and batteries disclosed in this application. This helps to alleviate the problem of internal short circuits in battery cells, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cells.
- the electrical device can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc.
- Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc.
- Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.
- FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of this application.
- the vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc.
- a battery 100 is installed inside the vehicle 1000.
- the battery 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000.
- the battery 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000; for example, the battery 100 can serve as the operating power source or general power source for the vehicle 1000.
- the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300.
- the controller 200 controls the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during startup, navigation, and driving.
- Figure 2 is an exploded view of the battery 100 provided in some embodiments of this application
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of this application.
- the battery 100 includes a housing 10 and a battery cell 20, which is housed within the housing 10.
- the housing 10 provides assembly space for the battery cell 20, and can adopt various structures.
- the housing 10 may include a first housing body 11 and a second housing body 12, which overlap each other, and together define an assembly space for accommodating the battery cell 20.
- the second housing body 12 may be a hollow structure open at one end, and the first housing body 11 may be a plate-like structure, with the first housing body 11 covering the open side of the second housing body 12 so that the first housing body 11 and the second housing body 12 together define the assembly space; alternatively, the first housing body 11 and the second housing body 12 may both be hollow structures open on one side, with the open side of the first housing body 11 covering the open side of the second housing body 12.
- the box 10 formed by the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, or a cube.
- the shape of the box 10 is a cuboid.
- battery 100 there can be one or more battery cells 20 disposed within housing 10.
- battery cells 20 When there are multiple battery cells 20 disposed within housing 10, they can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed configuration.
- a mixed configuration means that multiple battery cells 20 are connected in both series and parallel configurations. Multiple battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed configuration, and then the entire assembly of multiple battery cells 20 is housed within housing 10.
- battery 100 can also be composed of multiple battery cells 20 first connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form a whole, which is then housed within housing 10.
- the battery 100 may also include other structures.
- the battery 100 may also include a busbar for connecting multiple battery cells 20 to achieve electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 20.
- Each battery cell 20 can be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it can also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited to these.
- the battery cell 20 can be in the form of a cuboid, cylinder, prism, or other shapes.
- the battery cell 20 is a cylindrical structure.
- FIG4 is an exploded view of the structure of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of this application
- FIG5 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of this application
- FIG6 is a partial enlarged view of section A of the battery cell 20 shown in FIG5
- FIG7 is a structural schematic diagram of a first insulating member 24 provided in some embodiments of this application
- FIG8 is a cross-sectional view of a first insulating member 24 provided in some embodiments of this application.
- This application provides a battery cell 20, which includes a housing 21, electrode terminals 22, an electrode assembly 23 and a first insulating member 24.
- the housing 21 has a wall portion 211.
- the electrode terminals 22 are disposed in the wall portion 211.
- the electrode assembly 23 is housed within the housing 21, and the electrode assembly 23 has a first tab 232.
- the first tab 232 is disposed at one end of the electrode assembly 23 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion near the wall portion 211, and the first tab 232 is electrically connected to the electrode terminals 22.
- the first insulating member 24 includes a first insulating portion 241 and a second insulating portion 242. Along the thickness direction X of the wall portion, at least a portion of the first insulating portion 241 is located between the wall portion 211 and the first electrode tab 232.
- the second insulating portion 242 surrounds the first insulating portion 241.
- the second insulating portion 242 and the first insulating portion 241 together define a receiving space 243. At least a portion of the first electrode tab 232 is inserted into the receiving space 243.
- the housing 212 may include a bottom wall 2122 and a side wall 2123.
- the side wall 2123 surrounds the bottom wall 2122.
- One end of the side wall 2123 is connected to the bottom wall 2122, and the other end forms an opening 2121.
- the electrode assembly 23 When assembling the battery cell 20, the electrode assembly 23 can be placed into the housing 212 first, and the electrolyte can be filled into the housing 212. Then, the end cap 213 can be placed on the opening 2121 of the housing 212 to close the opening 2121 of the housing 212.
- the housing 212 can have various shapes, such as a cylinder or a cuboid.
- the shape of the housing 212 can be determined according to the specific shape of the electrode assembly 23. For example, if the electrode assembly 23 is a cylindrical structure, then the housing 212 can be a cylindrical structure; if the electrode assembly 23 is a cuboid structure, then the housing 212 can be a cuboid structure.
- the end cap 213 can also have various structures, such as a plate-like structure or a hollow structure with one end open.
- the housing 212 is a cylindrical structure, and the central axis of the housing 212 extends along the thickness direction X of the wall.
- the end cap 213 is a circular plate-like structure.
- the housing 21 is not limited to the structure described above.
- the housing 21 can also be other structures.
- the housing 21 includes a shell 212 and two end caps 213.
- the shell 212 is a hollow structure with openings 2121 on both sides opposite to each other.
- One end cap 213 is fitted onto one opening 2121 of the shell 212 to form a sealed connection, thereby forming a sealed space for accommodating the electrode assembly 23 and the electrolyte.
- the electrode assembly 23 is the component in the battery cell 20 where the electrochemical reaction occurs.
- the electrode assembly 23 includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator 234.
- the first and second electrodes have opposite polarities, and a portion of the separator 234 is disposed between the first and second electrodes to separate them.
- the structure of the electrode assembly 23 can be varied.
- the electrode assembly 23 can be a wound structure formed by winding the first electrode, separator 234, and second electrode, or a stacked structure formed by cascading the first electrode, separator 234, and second electrode.
- the electrode assembly 23 is a wound structure formed by winding the first electrode, separator 234, and second electrode.
- the electrode assembly 23 has a cylindrical structure, and its central axis extends along the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- the first electrode includes a first body and a first tab 232 connected to one end of the first body.
- the first body is the area on the first electrode coated with an active material layer, while the first tab 232 is the area on the first electrode not coated with an active material layer.
- the first electrode is a positive electrode
- the first body is the area on the first electrode coated with a positive active material layer
- the first tab 232 is the area on the first electrode not coated with a positive active material layer.
- the first tab 232 is used as the positive electrode of the input or output electrode assembly 23.
- the first electrode is a negative electrode
- the first body is the area on the first electrode coated with a negative active material layer, while the first tab 232 is the area on the first electrode not coated with a negative active material layer.
- the first tab 232 is used as the negative electrode of the input or output electrode assembly 23.
- the second electrode includes a second body and a second tab 233 connected to one end of the second body.
- the second body is the area on the second electrode coated with an active material layer, while the second tab 233 is the area on the second electrode not coated with an active material layer. If the second electrode is a positive electrode, the second body is the area on the second electrode coated with a positive active material layer, while the second tab 233 is the area on the second electrode not coated with a positive active material layer.
- the second tab 233 is used as the positive electrode of the input or output electrode assembly 23.
- the second electrode is a negative electrode
- the second body is the area on the second electrode coated with a negative active material layer
- the second tab 233 is the area on the second electrode not coated with a negative active material layer.
- the second tab 233 is used as the negative electrode of the input or output electrode assembly 23.
- the part formed by the first body of the first electrode and the second body of the second electrode being rolled together is the main body 231 of the electrode assembly 23.
- the first tab 232 and the second tab 233 are respectively formed at both ends of the main body 231 in the thickness direction X of the wall.
- the first tab 232 is located at the end of the main body 231 in the thickness direction X of the wall that is close to the wall 211, so that the first tab 232 is disposed at the end of the electrode assembly 23 in the thickness direction X of the wall that is close to the wall 211.
- the second tab 233 is located at the end of the main body 231 in the thickness direction X of the wall that is away from the wall 211.
- the material of the first electrode 232 can be copper or aluminum, and similarly, the material of the second electrode 233 can also be copper or aluminum.
- a portion of the separator 234 is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode to insulate and isolate the first electrode and the second electrode, and the separator 234...
- Part of the membrane surrounds and covers the outer side of the main body 231 of the electrode assembly 23 around an axis extending along the thickness direction X of the wall, so that the insulating membrane 234 can also insulate and isolate the electrode assembly 23 and the side wall 2123.
- the main material of the separator 234 may be selected from at least one of glass fiber, non-woven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinylidene fluoride.
- the electrode assembly 23 housed within the housing 21 can be one or more.
- only one electrode assembly 23 is provided within the housing 21 of the battery cell 20.
- the electrode assembly 23 housed within the housing 21 can be two, three, four, five, six, seven, or eight, etc.
- the electrode terminal 22 serves to input or output electrical energy of the battery cell 20.
- the electrode terminal 22 is insulated and installed on the wall 211 of the housing 21, and is used to electrically connect with the electrode assembly 23 to output or input electrical energy of the battery cell 20.
- the electrode terminal 22 is insulated and mounted on the wall portion 211, meaning that no electrical connection is formed between the electrode terminal 22 and the wall portion 211.
- the electrode terminal 22 is riveted to the wall portion 211.
- the wall portion 211 has mounting holes 2111 that extend through both sides of the wall portion 211 along its thickness direction X.
- the electrode terminal 22 passes through the mounting holes 2111.
- the electrode terminal 22 has a first clamping portion 221 located on the side of the wall portion 211 facing the electrode assembly 23 and a second clamping portion 222 located on the side of the wall portion 211 away from the electrode assembly 23.
- At least a portion of the wall portion 211 is located between the first clamping portion 221 and the second clamping portion 222 along its thickness direction X, allowing the first clamping portion 221 and the second clamping portion 222 to cooperate in clamping the wall portion 211, thereby riveting the electrode terminal 22 to the wall portion 211.
- the electrode terminal 22 may also be welded or bonded to the wall portion 211.
- the battery cell 20 may further include a second insulating member 25 and a third insulating member 26.
- the second insulating member 25 is located on the side of the wall portion 211 facing the electrode assembly 23, and a portion of the second insulating member 25 is located between the first clamping portion 221 and the wall portion 211 to insulate and isolate the first clamping portion 221 and the wall portion 211.
- the third insulating member 26 is located on the side of the wall portion 211 away from the electrode assembly 23, and a portion of the third insulating member is located between the second clamping portion 222 and the wall portion 211 to insulate and isolate the second clamping portion 222 and the wall portion 211.
- the battery cell 20 may further include a seal 27 disposed between the wall portion 211 and the electrode terminal 22, and at least a portion of the seal 27 extends into the mounting hole 2111, such that at least a portion of the seal 27 is located between the electrode terminal 22 and the hole wall of the mounting hole 2111, so that the seal 27 can seal the gap between the electrode terminal 22 and the hole wall of the mounting hole 2111, and also can insulate and isolate the electrode terminal 22 and the hole wall of the mounting hole 2111.
- the material of the seal 27 can be various, such as rubber, plastic or silicone.
- the first tab 232 is electrically connected to the electrode terminal 22, and the second tab 233 is electrically connected to the outer casing 21.
- the wall 211 is the bottom wall 2122 of the casing 212.
- the end cap 213 of the outer casing 21 is electrically connected to the second tab 233. If the end cap 213 is the wall 211, then the bottom wall 2122 of the casing 212 is electrically connected to the second tab 233.
- the battery cell 20 may also include two electrode terminals 22, which are respectively installed at both ends of the outer casing 21 in the thickness direction X.
- the two electrode terminals 22 are respectively electrically connected to the first tab 232 and the second tab 233 located at both ends of the electrode assembly 23 in the thickness direction X, thereby realizing the input or output of electrical energy from the battery cell 20.
- the electrode terminal 22 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel or aluminum alloy.
- the battery cell 20 may further include two current collectors, namely a first current collector 28 and a second current collector 29. Both the first current collector 28 and the second current collector 29 are disposed within the housing 21.
- the first current collector 28 is used to connect the first tab 232 and the electrode terminal 22, and the second current collector 29 is used to connect the second tab 233 and the housing 21, thereby helping to reduce the assembly difficulty between the first tab 232 and the electrode terminal 22 and between the second tab 233 and the housing 21.
- the wall portion 211 is the bottom wall 2122 of the shell 212
- the second current collector 29 is a structure that connects the second electrode ear 233 and the end cap 213.
- the materials of the first current collector 28 and the second current collector 29 can be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, steel or aluminum alloy.
- the first insulating member 24 serves to insulate and isolate the first electrode tab 232 and the outer shell 21.
- the first insulating member 24 includes a first insulating part 241 and a second insulating part 242, that is, the first insulating member 24 is composed of two parts.
- the second insulating portion 242 surrounds the first insulating portion 241.
- the second insulating portion 242 and the first insulating portion 241 together define the receiving space 243.
- the first insulating member 24 has a hollow structure with an open opening at least one end in the thickness direction X of the wall portion, so that the first insulating member 24 can be sleeved on the electrode assembly 23 from the end of the electrode assembly 23 near the wall portion 211, that is, the end of the electrode assembly 23 forming the first tab 232 can be inserted into the first insulating member 24.
- the second insulating portion 242 is connected to the first insulating portion 241 at one end near the wall portion 211 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion, so that the first insulating member 24 forms a hollow structure with an open opening at the end of the second insulating portion 242 away from the first insulating portion 241.
- the first insulating portion 241 may also be connected to the inner peripheral surface of the second insulating portion 242, that is, the end of the second insulating portion 242 near the wall portion 211 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion extends beyond the side of the first insulating portion 241 facing the wall portion 211.
- the first insulating portion 241 is located between the wall portion 211 and the first tab 232. That is, in the thickness direction X of the wall portion, the wall portion 211 and the first tab 232 are located on both sides of the first insulating portion 241, and the second insulating portion 242 surrounds the outside of the first tab 232. That is, the second insulating portion 242 has a ring structure, and the second insulating portion 242 is arranged around the first tab 232 so that the first insulating member 24 can insulate and isolate the outer shell 21 and the first tab 232.
- the first insulating portion 241 is provided with a through hole 2411 for inserting the power supply terminal 22, and the through hole 2411 extends along the wall portion.
- the thickness direction X extends through both sides of the first insulating part 241 so that the through hole 2411 communicates with the receiving space 243, and the electrode terminal 22 is inserted into the through hole 2411 along the thickness direction X of the wall and is electrically connected to the first electrode tab 232.
- the material of the first insulating element 24 can be various, such as rubber, plastic or silicone.
- the pressure relief mechanism can be mounted on the end cap 213 of the outer casing 21 or on the housing 212 of the outer casing 21.
- the pressure relief mechanism and the outer casing 21 can be integrally formed or separate structures. If the pressure relief mechanism and the outer casing 21 are separate structures, the pressure relief mechanism can be connected to the outer casing 21 by welding or other means.
- the pressure relief mechanism can be a pressure relief component such as an explosion-proof valve, explosion-proof disc, gas valve, pressure relief valve, or safety valve. If the pressure relief mechanism and the outer casing 21 can also be integrally formed, the pressure relief mechanism is a region on the outer casing 21 with a weak structure, such as a region on the outer casing 21 with a groove.
- a first insulating member 24 for insulating and isolating the first electrode tab 232 from the outer casing 21 is provided inside the outer casing 21.
- the first insulating member 24 includes a first insulating portion 241 and a second insulating portion 242 connected to each other.
- the first insulating portion 241 is disposed between the wall portion 211 and the first electrode tab 232, and the second insulating portion 242 surrounds the first insulating portion 241, so that the first insulating portion 241 and the second insulating portion 242 together form a receiving space 243 for inserting the first electrode tab 232.
- the battery cell 20 with this structure facilitates the first insulating member 24.
- Assembly is simple: just insert the end of the electrode assembly 23 with the first tab 232 into the receiving space 243 of the first insulating member 24 to complete the assembly between the first insulating member 24 and the electrode assembly 23. This helps to reduce the assembly difficulty between the first insulating member 24 and the electrode assembly 23.
- the first insulating member 24 can separate the first tab 232 from the outer shell 21 and improve the insulation effect of the first insulating member 24 on the first tab 232 and the outer shell 21, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit of the battery cell 20 and improving the reliability of the battery cell 20.
- the first current collector 28 is disposed between the first tab 232 and the first insulating part 241 along the thickness direction X of the wall. That is, in the thickness direction X of the wall, the first insulating part 241 of the first insulating member 24 and the first tab 232 of the electrode assembly 23 are respectively located on both sides of the first current collector 28, so that the first current collector 28 is located in the receiving space 243 jointly defined by the first insulating part 241 and the second insulating part 242.
- the first insulating part 241 is provided with a through hole 2411, which communicates with the receiving space 243. That is, the through hole 2411 on the first insulating part 241 is a structure that extends along the thickness direction X of the wall, and the through hole 2411 penetrates both sides of the first insulating part 241 in the thickness direction X of the wall, so that the electrode terminal 22 can extend into the receiving space 243 through the through hole 2411, so that the first current collector 28 can connect the electrode terminal 22 and the first tab 232.
- the first insulating portion 241 is connected to the first current collector 28 on the side of the wall portion facing the first electrode 232 in the thickness direction X.
- an adhesive layer 30 is provided between the first insulating portion 241 and the first current collector 28 along the thickness direction X of the wall portion, and the first insulating portion 241 and the first current collector 28 are bonded together by the adhesive layer 30.
- the adhesive layer 30 may be glue, double-sided tape, or hot melt adhesive, etc., disposed between the first insulating portion 241 and the first current collector 28.
- At least a portion of the second insulating member 25 is disposed between the wall portion 211 and the first insulating portion 241, that is, at least a portion of the second insulating member 25 extends between the wall portion 211 and the first insulating portion 241, such that in the thickness direction X of the wall portion, the wall portion 211 and the first insulating portion 241 are respectively located on both sides of the second insulating member 25.
- the limiting part 251 is inserted into the through hole 2411, and the limiting part 251 is located between the electrode terminal 22 and the hole wall surface of the through hole 2411. That is, at least a portion of the limiting part 251 extends along the thickness direction X of the wall to the through hole 2411 of the first insulating part 241, and the limiting part 251 is located between the outer peripheral surface of the portion of the electrode terminal 22 inserted into the through hole 2411 and the hole wall surface of the through hole 2411.
- the Rockwell hardness of the second insulating element 25 is greater than or equal to 50 HRC and less than or equal to 100 HRC.
- a second insulating member 25 is also provided inside the outer casing 21, and at least a portion of the second insulating member 25 is located between the wall portion 211 and the first insulating portion 241.
- the second insulating member 25 can further separate the wall portion 211 and the first current collector 28, thereby further improving the mutual insulation and isolation effect between the wall portion 211 and the first current collector 28.
- a limiting portion 251 is provided on the side of the second insulating member 25 away from the wall portion 211, and the limiting portion 251 is inserted into the through hole 2411 of the first insulating portion 241. This allows the limiting portion 251 of the second insulating member 25 to also play a certain limiting and positioning role for the first insulating member 24. This helps to further reduce the phenomenon of the first insulating member 24 moving or shifting during use, and can improve the stability and quality of the first insulating member 24 assembled into the outer casing 21.
- the limiting portion 251 is provided around the electrode terminal 22. That is, the limiting portion 251 is an annular structure extending circumferentially along the wall surface of the through hole 2411, and the limiting portion 251 is also an annular structure surrounding the outer side of the portion of the electrode terminal 22 inserted into the through hole 2411.
- the limiting part 251 is an annular structure extending circumferentially along the hole wall of the through hole 2411. This is beneficial to further improve the effect of the limiting part 251 of the second insulating member 25 in limiting and positioning the first insulating member 24, thereby further improving the assembly quality between the first insulating member 24 and the second insulating member 25.
- the second insulating member 25 is fixedly connected to the first insulating member 24.
- the structure in which the second insulating member 25 and the first insulating member 24 are fixedly connected to each other can be various, such as adhesive bonding or thermal fusion bonding.
- Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of this application
- Figure 10 is a partial enlarged view of point B of the battery cell 20 shown in Figure 9.
- the battery cell 20 may further include a second insulating member 25, at least a portion of which is disposed along the thickness direction X of the wall portion on the side of the wall portion 211 facing the electrode assembly 23.
- a first insulating portion 241 is located between the second insulating member 25 and the wall portion 211, and the second insulating member 25 and the wall portion 211 are configured to cooperate in clamping the first insulating portion 241.
- the electrode terminal 22 has a first clamping portion 221 located on the side of the wall portion 211 facing the electrode assembly 23 along the thickness direction X of the wall portion. In other words, a portion of the electrode terminal 22 is located on the side of the wall portion 211 facing the electrode assembly 23 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- the electrode terminal 22 also has a second clamping portion 222 located on the side of the wall portion 211 away from the electrode assembly 23 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- the second clamping portion 222 and the first clamping portion 221 are configured to cooperate in clamping the wall portion 211 to realize the assembly and fastening of the electrode terminal 22 onto the wall portion 211.
- the second insulating member 25 is disposed between the wall portion 211 and the first clamping portion 221.
- the wall portion 211 and the first clamping portion 221 are configured to cooperate in clamping the second insulating member 25. That is, the second insulating member 25 is disposed within the housing 21, and at least a portion of the second insulating member 25 extends between the wall portion 211 and the first clamping portion 221 of the electrode terminal 22, so that the wall portion 211 and the first clamping portion 221 of the electrode terminal 22 can jointly clamp and fix the second insulating member 25 to assemble and fasten the second insulating member 25 to the wall portion 211.
- the second insulating member 25 may also be a structure that is bonded, snapped, or bolted to the wall portion 211, or a structure that is bonded, snapped, or bolted to the electrode terminal 22.
- At least a portion of the first insulating portion 241 is located between the second insulating member 25 and the wall portion 211. That is, at least a portion of the first insulating portion 241 extends between the wall portion 211 and the second insulating member 25, so that the wall portion 211 and the second insulating member 25 can jointly clamp and fix the first insulating portion 241 of the first insulating member 24, thereby assembling and fastening the first insulating member 24 to the wall portion 211. It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the first insulating portion 241 of the first insulating member 24 can also be directly assembled and fastened to the wall portion 211 by means of adhesive bonding or bolting.
- the second insulating member 25 is disposed on the side of the wall portion 211 facing the electrode assembly 23, and at least a portion of the first insulating portion 241 of the first insulating member 24 is located between the second insulating member 25 and the wall portion 211, so that the second insulating member 25 and the wall portion 211 can also cooperate to assemble the first insulating portion 241, thereby securing the first insulating member 24 within the housing 21.
- This structure of the battery cell 20 improves the stability of the first insulating member 24 assembled within the housing 21, helping to mitigate phenomena such as movement or displacement of the first insulating member 24 during use, thus improving the reliability of the battery cell 20.
- the first insulating member 24 can be fixed inside the housing 21 by the second insulating member 25, so that the risk of damage to the electrode assembly 23 due to displacement of the first insulating member 24 can be reduced during the assembly of the electrode assembly 23 to the housing 21, which is conducive to improving the production quality of the battery cell 20.
- the battery cell 20 may further include a first current collector 28.
- the first current collector 28 is disposed between the first tab 232 and the wall portion 211, and connects the electrode terminal 22 and the first tab 232.
- a second insulating member 25 is located between the wall portion 211 and the first current collector 28, and the second insulating member 25 is also configured to insulate and isolate the wall portion 211 and the first current collector 28.
- the first current collector 28 is disposed between the first tab 232 and the wall portion 211.
- the first current collector 28 connects the electrode terminal 22 and the first tab 232. That is, in the thickness direction X of the wall portion, the wall portion 211 and the electrode assembly 23 are respectively located on both sides of the first current collector 28, and the first current collector 28 serves to connect the first tab 232 of the electrode terminal 22 and the electrode assembly 23 to realize the electrical connection between the electrode terminal 22 and the electrode assembly 23.
- the second insulating member 25 is located between the wall portion 211 and the first current collector 28. That is, in the thickness direction X of the wall portion, the wall portion 211 and the first current collector 28 are located on both sides of the second insulating member 25.
- a portion of the second insulating member 25 is located on the side of the first insulating portion 241 facing the first tab 232, and the first current collector 28 is located on the side of the first insulating portion 241 facing the first tab 232, so that a portion of the second insulating member 25 is located within the receiving space 243 jointly defined by the first insulating portion 241 and the second insulating portion 242.
- the first current collector 28 is also located within the receiving space 243 jointly defined by the first insulating portion 241 and the second insulating portion 242.
- the first insulating part 241 is provided with a through hole 2411, which extends through both sides of the first insulating part 241 along the thickness direction X of the wall.
- the electrode terminal 22 passes through the through hole 2411 and is connected to the first current collector 28.
- a portion of the second insulating member 25 also passes through the through hole 2411, so that a portion of the second insulating member 25 can be located on the side of the first insulating part 241 facing the first electrode tab 232.
- a first current collector 28 is also provided inside the outer casing 21.
- the first current collector 28 is disposed between the first tab 232 and the wall portion 211, so that the first current collector 28 can connect the electrode terminal 22 and the first tab 232. This helps to reduce the difficulty of electrically connecting the electrode terminal 22 and the first tab 232.
- the first current collector 28 and the wall portion 211 are both provided with the second insulator 25, and the first current collector 28 is also located within the receiving space 243 of the first insulator 24.
- the first insulator 24 achieves insulation isolation between the first tab 232 and the outer casing 21
- the first insulator 24 and the second insulator 25 can also achieve insulation isolation between the first current collector 28 and the outer casing 21. This helps to reduce the risk of short circuit between the first current collector 28 and the outer casing 21, and further reduces the risk of short circuit between the battery cell 20, thereby further improving the reliability of the battery cell 20.
- the second insulating member 25 is fixedly connected to the first insulating member 24.
- the structure in which the second insulating member 25 and the first insulating member 24 are fixedly connected to each other can be various, such as adhesive bonding or thermal fusion bonding.
- the structural stability of the first insulating member 24 disposed between the wall portion 211 and the second insulating member 25 can be further improved, thereby further reducing the phenomenon of the first insulating member 24 shifting or displacing during use.
- the phenomenon of the first insulating member 24 shaking or shifting can be alleviated, which helps to improve the assembly quality of the first insulating member 24.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the battery cell 20 provided in some embodiments of this application
- Figure 12 is a partial enlarged view of point C of the battery cell 20 shown in Figure 11.
- the battery cell 20 can also have other structures.
- a mounting hole 2111 is provided on the wall portion 211, and the mounting hole 2111 penetrates the wall portion 211 along the thickness direction X.
- a portion of the electrode terminal 22 passes through the mounting hole 2111.
- the electrode terminal 22 has a first clamping portion 221, which is located on the side of the wall portion 211 facing the electrode assembly 23 along the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- At least a portion of the first insulating portion 241 is disposed between the wall portion 211 and the first clamping portion 221 to insulate and isolate the wall portion 211 and the first clamping portion 221.
- the first clamping portion 221 is configured to cooperate with the wall portion 211 to clamp the first insulating portion 241.
- At least a portion of the first insulating part 241 is disposed between the wall part 211 and the first clamping part 221. That is, the first clamping part 221 and the wall part 211 of the electrode terminal 22 are structured to directly clamp the first insulating part 241 of the first insulating member 24, so as to assemble and fasten the first insulating member 24 to the wall part 211.
- the first insulating member 24 can also play the role of insulating and isolating the first clamping part 221 and the wall part 211, thereby eliminating the need to provide the second insulating member 25 between the first clamping part 221 and the wall part 211.
- the electrode terminal 22 has a first clamping portion 221 located on the side of the wall 211 facing the electrode assembly 23 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion, and at least a portion of the first insulating portion 241 of the first insulating member 24 is located between the first clamping portion 221 and the wall portion 211, so that the first clamping portion 221 and the wall portion 211 can also cooperate to assemble the first insulating portion 241 to fasten the first insulating member 24 into the housing 21.
- the battery cell 20 with this structure can, on the one hand, achieve insulation isolation between the first electrode tab 232 and the housing 21, and also achieve insulation isolation between the first clamping portion 221 and the wall portion 211, so that there is no need to set a separate insulating component between the first clamping portion 221 and the wall portion 211, which is beneficial to reduce the manufacturing cost of the battery cell 20.
- it can improve the stability of the first insulating member 24 assembled into the housing 21, which is beneficial to alleviate the phenomenon of the first insulating member 24 shifting or displacing during use, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell 20.
- the battery cell 20 may further include a seal 27 disposed between the electrode terminal 22 and the wall portion 211 to seal the gap between the electrode terminal 22 and the wall portion 211. At least a portion of the seal 27 is located between the wall portion 211 and the first clamping portion 221, and the seal 27 abuts against the first insulating portion 241.
- the main body of the electrode terminal 22 is inserted into the mounting hole 2111 along the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- the first clamping part 221 and the second clamping part 222 are respectively connected to the two ends of the main body of the electrode terminal 22 along the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- the first clamping part 221 and the second clamping part 222 both extend beyond the outer peripheral surface of the main body of the electrode terminal 22, so that the first clamping part 221 and the second clamping part 222 are respectively located on both sides of the wall portion 211.
- At least a portion of the seal 27 is located between the wall portion 211 and the first clamping portion 221. That is, the seal 27 may be entirely or partially located between the wall portion 211 and the first clamping portion 221 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion, so that the wall portion 211 and the first clamping portion 221 can cooperate to clamp at least a portion of the seal 27.
- a portion of the seal 27 is located between the wall portion 211 and the first clamping portion 221.
- the seal 27 and the first insulating portion 241 abut against each other along the radial direction Y of the second insulating portion.
- the seal 27 and the first insulating portion 241 may also be a structure in which they abut against each other along the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- the radial direction Y of the second insulating part is: in a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction X of the wall part, the direction from the center position of the second insulating part 242 to the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating part 242 or the direction from the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating part 242 to the center position of the second insulating part 242.
- a portion of the seal 27 is disposed between the electrode terminal 22 and the wall surface of the mounting hole 2111.
- the seal 27 can seal the gap between the electrode terminal 22 and the wall surface of the mounting hole 2111, thereby sealing the gap between the electrode terminal 22 and the wall portion 211.
- the seal 27 can also be a structure in which the entire seal is located between the wall portion 211 and the first clamping portion 221, so that the seal 27 indirectly seals the gap between the electrode terminal 22 and the wall surface of the mounting hole 2111 by sealing the gap between the wall portion 211 and the first clamping portion 221.
- a sealing element 27 is provided between the electrode terminal 22 and the wall surface of the mounting hole 2111, so that the sealing element 27 can seal the gap between the electrode terminal 22 and the wall surface of the mounting hole 2111, thereby mitigating the risk of leakage of the battery cell 20 during use.
- the sealing element 27 by distributing at least a portion of the sealing element 27 between the wall portion 211 and the first clamping portion 221, the sealing element 27 not only provides a sealing function but also clamps the sealing element 27 through the first clamping portion 221 and the wall portion 211, thereby improving...
- the structure stability and reliability of the seal 27 being assembled to the wall of the electrode terminal 22 and the mounting hole 2111 are improved.
- the battery cell 20 can also have other structures.
- a mounting hole 2111 is provided on the wall portion 211, the mounting hole 2111 penetrates the wall portion 211 along the thickness direction X, the electrode terminal 22 is fixed to the mounting hole 2111, and the electrode terminal 22 has a first clamping portion 221, the first clamping portion 221 is located on the side of the wall portion 211 facing the electrode assembly 23.
- the battery cell 20 can also include a seal 27, at least a portion of which is located between the wall portion 211 and the first clamping portion 221, and in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X of the wall portion, the seal 27 extends beyond the outer peripheral surface of the first clamping portion 221 and abuts against the first insulating portion 241.
- the sealing member 27 extends beyond the outer peripheral surface of the first clamping portion 221 in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X of the wall portion. In other words, the sealing member 27 extends beyond the outer peripheral surface of the first clamping portion 221 in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X of the wall portion, such that the projection of the outer peripheral surface of the first clamping portion 221 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion lies within the sealing member 27. For example, the sealing member 27 extends beyond the outer peripheral surface of the first clamping portion 221 in the radial direction Y of the second insulating portion.
- the seal 27 abuts against the first insulating part 241.
- the seal 27 and the first insulating part 241 can be a structure in which they abut against each other along the radial direction Y of the second insulating part, or they can be a structure in which they abut against each other along the thickness direction X of the wall part.
- the seal 27 by disposing at least a portion of the seal 27 between the wall portion 211 and the first clamping portion 221, and by disposing the seal 27 in a structure in which the first clamping portion 221 extends in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X of the wall portion, the effect of the seal 27 in insulatingly separating the first clamping portion 221 and the wall portion 211 is improved. Furthermore, by disposing the seal 27 in a structure in which the first insulating portion 241 abuts against each other, the phenomenon of gaps appearing between the seal 27 and the first insulating portion 241 is reduced.
- the electrode terminal 22 further has a second clamping portion 222.
- the second clamping portion 222 is located on the side of the wall portion 211 opposite to the electrode assembly 23.
- the second clamping portion 222 and the first clamping portion 221 are configured to cooperate in clamping the wall portion 211 to fasten the electrode terminal 22 to the wall portion 211.
- the electrode terminal 22 also has a second clamping part 222.
- the second clamping part 222 is located on the side of the wall 211 away from the electrode assembly 23. That is, part of the electrode terminal 22 passes through the mounting hole 2111.
- the first clamping part 221 and the second clamping part 222 of the electrode terminal 22 are located on both sides of the wall 211 along the thickness direction X of the wall.
- the first clamping part 221 is located inside the housing 21, and the second clamping part 222 is located outside the housing 21, so that the first clamping part 221 and the second clamping part 222 can cooperate to clamp the wall 211 to assemble and fasten the electrode terminal 22 to the wall 211.
- first clamping part 221 and the second clamping part 222 are both structures formed by riveting and flanging the electrode terminal 22, such that the first clamping part 221 and the second clamping part 222 are both structures that protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the portion of the electrode terminal 22 inserted into the mounting hole 2111.
- first clamping part 221 and the second clamping part 222 can be a structure that directly clamps the wall part 211, that is, the first clamping part 221 and the second clamping part 222 directly abut against the wall part 211.
- first clamping part 221 and the second clamping part 222 can be a structure that indirectly clamps the wall part 211, that is, other components are provided between the first clamping part 221 and the wall part 211.
- the second insulating member 25 is provided between the first clamping part 221 and the wall part 211 to insulate and isolate the first clamping part 221 and the wall part 211 through the second insulating member 25.
- the third insulating member 26 is provided between the second clamping part 222 and the wall part 211 to insulate and isolate the second clamping part 222 and the wall part 211 through the third insulating member 26.
- the electrode terminal 22 is further provided with a second clamping part 222, and the second clamping part 222 is located on the side of the wall portion 211 away from the electrode assembly 23, so that the first clamping part 221 and the second clamping part 222 of the electrode terminal 22 are respectively located on both sides of the wall portion 211.
- the electrode terminal 22 can be assembled and fastened to the wall portion 211.
- the structure is simple and easy to assemble, which helps to reduce the difficulty of assembling the electrode terminal 22 to the wall portion 211, and also helps to improve the stability and reliability of assembling the electrode terminal 22 to the wall portion 211.
- the battery cell 20 may further include a third insulating member 26, which is at least partially disposed between the wall portion 211 and the second clamping portion 222 to insulate and isolate the wall portion 211 and the second clamping portion 222.
- the third insulating member 26 is at least partially disposed between the wall portion 211 and the second clamping portion 222. That is, the third insulating member 26 may be entirely located between the wall portion 211 and the second clamping portion 222, or it may only be partially located between the wall portion 211 and the second clamping portion 222. For example, in Figures 6 and 10, a portion of the third insulating member 26 extends between the wall portion 211 and the second clamping portion 222, so that the third insulating member 26 can provide insulation. Partition 211 and second clamping part 222.
- the material of the third insulating element 26 can be various, such as plastic, rubber or silicone.
- the Rockwell hardness of the third insulating element 26 is greater than or equal to 50 HRC and less than or equal to 100 HRC.
- the battery cell 20 is further provided with a third insulating member 26, and at least a portion of the third insulating member 26 is located between the wall portion 211 and the second clamping portion 222 of the electrode terminal 22, so that the third insulating member 26 can achieve insulation isolation between the wall portion 211 and the second clamping portion 222 of the electrode terminal 22, which helps to reduce the risk of short circuit between the second clamping portion 222 and the wall portion 211, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell 20.
- the electrode assembly 23 may include a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator 234.
- the first and second electrodes have opposite polarities.
- the first electrode includes a first body and a first tab 232.
- the first tab 232 is connected to the end of the first body near the wall 211 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- a portion of the separator 234 is disposed between the first and second electrodes to separate them.
- a portion of the separator 234 covers the outside of the body portion 231 of the electrode assembly 23 around an axis extending along the thickness direction X of the wall portion to separate the body portion 231 of the electrode assembly 23 from the outer shell 21.
- the first tab 232 extends beyond the end of the separator 234 near the wall 211, and the portion of the separator 234 covering the outside of the electrode assembly 23 near the wall 211 is inserted into the receiving space 243.
- the separator 234 is partially wrapped around the outer side of the main body 231 of the electrode assembly 23 along the axis extending in the thickness direction X of the wall. In other words, the end portion of the separator 234 continues to extend circumferentially along the electrode assembly 23 and is disposed around the outer periphery of the electrode assembly 23.
- the first tab 232 extends beyond the end of the separator 234 near the wall portion 211, and the portion of the separator 234 covering the outside of the electrode assembly 23 near the wall portion 211 is inserted into the receiving space 243. That is, the portion of the separator 234 covering the outside of the main body 231 is inserted into the receiving space 243 of the first insulating member 24 along the thickness direction X of the wall portion, and the first tab 232 has a structure that extends beyond the separator 234 along the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- the portion of the separator 234 located between the first electrode and the second electrode mainly serves to separate the first main body of the first electrode and the second main body of the second electrode.
- a portion of the separator 234 used to separate the first electrode and the second electrode surrounds and covers the outside of the electrode assembly 23, so that the separator 234 can also serve to insulate and isolate the first electrode and the outer shell 21, as well as the second electrode and the outer shell 21.
- the portion of the separator 234 covering the outer side of the electrode assembly 23 is inserted into the receiving space 243 of the first insulating member 24 in the thickness direction X of the wall, the portion of the second insulating portion 242 overlaps with the portion of the separator 234.
- This improves the effectiveness of the second insulating portion 242 of the first insulating member 24 and the separator 234 in insulating and isolating the first electrode and the outer shell 21, as well as the second electrode and the outer shell 21.
- This reduces the risk of the first electrode tab 232 being exposed and overlapping with the outer shell 21.
- this further improves the reliability of the battery cell 20.
- it eliminates the need to further cover the outer side of the electrode assembly 23 with insulating film or other structures, which helps to reduce the manufacturing cost of the battery cell 20 and optimize the production process of the battery cell 20.
- the housing 21 further has a sidewall 2123 surrounding the wall portion 211, and the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating portion 242 is interference-fitted with the inner peripheral surface of the sidewall 2123.
- the side wall 2123 is arranged around the wall portion 211, that is, the side wall 2123 is a ring structure arranged around the wall portion 211.
- the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating part 242 is interference-fitted with the inner peripheral surface of the side wall 2123. That is, before the first insulating member 24 is assembled into the housing 21, the radial dimension of the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating part 242 of the first insulating member 24 is greater than the radial dimension of the inner peripheral surface of the side wall 2123.
- the first insulating member 24 is fastened to the shell 21, thereby improving the stability of the first insulating member 24 assembled into the shell 21, which helps to alleviate the phenomenon of the first insulating member 24 moving or shifting during use, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell 20.
- one end of the second insulating portion 242 is connected to the first insulating portion 241, and the other end is provided with a notch 2421, which penetrates the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the second insulating portion 242.
- One end of the second insulating part 242 is connected to the first insulating part 241, and the other end is provided with a notch 2421. That is, the second insulating part 242 has a notch 2421 on the end face of the end away from the first insulating part 241 in the thickness direction X of the wall.
- the notch 2421 penetrates the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the second insulating part 242. That is, the notch 2421 is a structure that extends radially Y along the second insulating part, and the two ends of the notch 2421 in the radial Y of the second insulating part extend to the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating part 242, respectively.
- the second insulating portion 242 is made easier to deform in the radial direction Y of the second insulating portion, so as to facilitate the assembly of the first insulating member 24 into the housing 21. This reduces the difficulty of the interference fit between the second insulating portion 242 and the side wall 2123, thereby reducing the difficulty of assembling the first insulating member 24 into the housing 21 and improving the assembly efficiency of the battery cell 20.
- the second insulating portion 242 is provided with a plurality of notches 2421, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the second insulating portion 242.
- the deformation capability of the second insulating portion 242 in the radial Y direction of the second insulating portion is further improved, thereby further reducing the difficulty of interference fit between the second insulating portion 242 and the side wall 2123, and further reducing the difficulty of assembling the first insulating member 24 into the housing 21.
- the electrode assembly 23 may include a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator 234.
- the first and second electrodes have opposite polarities.
- the first electrode includes a first body and a first tab 232.
- the first tab 232 is connected to one end of the first body near the wall 211 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- a portion of the separator 234 is disposed between the first and second electrodes to separate them, and a portion of the separator 234 covers the outer side of the electrode assembly 23.
- the projection of the notch 2421 is located within the portion of the separator 234 covering the outer side of the electrode assembly 23.
- the radial direction Y of the second insulating portion is perpendicular to the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- the projection of the notch 2421 is located within the portion of the insulating film 234 covering the outer side of the electrode assembly 23, that is, the insulating film 234 covers and shields the notch 2421 in the radial Y of the second insulating portion.
- the portion of the separator 234 covering the outer side of the electrode assembly 23 is such that it covers and blocks the notch 2421 in the radial Y direction of the second insulating portion. This reduces the phenomenon of the first tab 232 leaking out from the notch 2421 and overlapping with the outer casing 21, thereby reducing the risk of internal short circuit in the battery cell 20 and improving the reliability of the battery cell 20.
- the second insulating portion 242 is elastic and is configured to deform in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X of the wall portion. That is, the second insulating portion 242 can elastically deform in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X of the wall portion when subjected to an external force.
- the second insulating portion 242 by setting the second insulating portion 242 to an elastic structure and enabling it to deform in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X of the wall portion, it is easier to assemble the first insulating member 24 into the housing, reducing the difficulty of assembling the first insulating member 24 into the housing 21 and improving the assembly efficiency of the battery cell 20.
- the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating portion 242 and the inner peripheral surface of the side wall 2123 to be configured as an interference fit, so that the first insulating member 24 is fastened to the housing 21. This further improves the stability of the first insulating member 24 assembled into the housing 21 and helps to alleviate phenomena such as movement or displacement of the first insulating member 24 during use, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell 20.
- the Rockwell hardness of the second insulating portion 242 is less than the Rockwell hardness of the outer casing 21.
- the second insulating part 242 is made of plastic, rubber or rubber, etc.
- the outer shell 21 is made of copper, iron, aluminum, steel or aluminum alloy, etc.
- the phenomenon of scratches or wear caused by the second insulating part 242 to the outer shell 21 during the assembly process is alleviated, thereby reducing the risk of wire drawing or burrs on the outer shell 21 and improving the production quality of the battery cell 20.
- At least a portion of the radial dimension of the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating portion 242 gradually decreases from the end away from the first insulating portion 241 to the end near the first insulating portion 241. That is, the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating portion 242 has a structure that slopes outward from the end near the first insulating portion 241 to the end away from the first insulating portion 241.
- the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating portion 242 can play a certain guiding role in the process of assembling the second insulating portion 242 of the first insulating member 24 into the housing 21, which helps to reduce the difficulty of assembling the second insulating portion 242 and the housing 21, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the battery cell 20.
- the maximum radial dimension L1 of the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating portion 242 is and the minimum radial dimension L2 of the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating portion 242 is 0 ⁇ L1 - L2 ⁇ 6 mm.
- the difference between the maximum radial dimension L1 of the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating part 242 and the minimum radial dimension L2 of the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating part 242 can be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, 5.5mm or 6mm, etc.
- the difference between the maximum radial dimension of the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating part 242 and the minimum radial dimension of the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating part 242 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 6 mm, the phenomenon that the tilt angle of the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating part 242 is too large, which makes it too difficult to assemble the first insulating member 24 into the housing 21 is alleviated.
- This helps to reduce the difficulty of the interference fit assembly between the second insulating part 242 and the side wall 2123, thereby effectively improving the assembly efficiency of the battery cell 20.
- the housing 21 further has a sidewall 2123 surrounding the wall portion 211, and the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating portion 242 abuts against the inner peripheral surface of the sidewall 2123.
- the distance between at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating portion 242 and the sidewall 2123 in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X of the wall portion gradually increases from the end away from the first insulating portion 241 to the end near the first insulating portion 241.
- the distance between at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating portion 242 and the sidewall 2123 in the radial Y direction of the second insulating portion gradually increases from the end away from the first insulating portion 241 to the end near the first insulating portion 241; in other words, the size of the gap between at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating portion 242 and the sidewall 2123 gradually increases from the end away from the first insulating portion 241 to the end near the first insulating portion 241.
- the distance between at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the second insulating part 242 and the side wall 2123 in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X of the wall part to gradually increase from the end away from the first insulating part 241 to the end close to the first insulating part 241
- the laminated portion 2322 is the part of the first electrode tab 232 formed by a flattening or smoothing process, and the laminated portion 2322 is the part of the first electrode tab 232 used to connect with the first current collector 28.
- the laminated portion 2322 is formed at one end of the first electrode tab 232 facing the wall portion 211 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- the root portion 2321 is the part of the first electrode tab 232 that has not been flattened or smoothed. The root portion 2321 serves to connect the laminated portion 2322 and the first main body of the first electrode sheet.
- the electrode assembly 23 also includes a separating membrane 234, the end of the separating membrane 234 near the wall portion 211 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion is located inside the root portion 2321, such that the stacked portion 2322 of the first tab 232 extends beyond the end of the separating membrane 234 near the wall portion 211 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- the projection of the second insulating portion 242 does not overlap with the projection of the first body in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- the projection of the second insulating portion 242 does not overlap with the projection of the first main body. That is, the second insulating portion 242 does not extend beyond the root 2321 of the first electrode tab 232 to one end of the first main body in the thickness direction X of the wall portion, so that the projection of the second insulating portion 242 in the radial direction Y of the second insulating portion does not overlap with the projection of the first main body in the radial direction Y of the second insulating portion.
- the second insulating portion 242 does not extend between the main body portion 231 and the side wall 2123 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- the second insulating portion 242 is a structure that does not extend in the thickness direction X of the wall portion to the space between the outer shell 21 and the first body of the first electrode portion. This reduces the interference between the second insulating portion 242 and the first body of the first electrode portion, and reduces the risk of the second insulating portion 242 scratching or damaging the first body of the first electrode portion, thereby improving the stability of the battery cell 20 in use.
- the thickness of the first insulating portion 241 is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 1.2 mm. That is, in FIG8, the thickness of the first insulating portion 241 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion is D1 , which satisfies 0.3 mm ⁇ D1 ⁇ 1.2 mm, i.e., the wall thickness of the first insulating portion 241 is D1 .
- the thickness D1 of the first insulating portion 241 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion can be 0.3mm, 0.32mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, 0.5mm, 0.55mm, 0.6mm, 0.65mm, 0.7mm, 0.75mm, 0.8mm, 0.85mm, 0.9mm, 0.95mm, 1mm, 1.05mm, 1.1mm, 1.15mm or 1.2mm, etc.
- the thickness D1 of the first insulating part 241 is the thickness of most of the flat areas in the first insulating part 241 in the thickness direction X of the wall, without considering the local protruding or recessed areas in the first insulating part 241.
- the thickness of the first insulating portion 241 of the first insulating member 24 is 0.3mm to 1.2mm.
- the structural strength of the first insulating portion 241 is improved, which is beneficial to improving the insulation and isolation effect of the first insulating portion 241 on the first electrode tab 232 and the outer shell 21, and also helps to alleviate the phenomenon of damage or warping of the first insulating portion 241 during use. This can effectively improve the stability and reliability of the insulation and isolation effect of the first insulating portion 241 on the first electrode tab 232 and the outer shell 21.
- the thickness of the first insulating portion 241 is less than or equal to 1.2mm, the phenomenon of the first insulating portion 241 occupying too much space in the outer shell 21 is alleviated, thereby improving the space utilization rate inside the outer shell 21 and increasing the energy density of the battery cell 20.
- the minimum thickness of the second insulating portion 242 is greater than or equal to 0.05 mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm. That is, in FIG8, the minimum thickness of the second insulating portion 242 in the radial direction Y of the second insulating portion is D2 , which satisfies 0.05 mm ⁇ D2 ⁇ 0.5 mm, i.e., the minimum wall thickness of the second insulating portion 242 is D2 .
- the minimum thickness D2 of the second insulating portion 242 in the radial Y direction of the second insulating portion can be 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.08mm, 0.1mm, 0.12mm, 0.15mm, 0.2mm, 0.25mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, 0.48mm or 0.5mm, etc.
- the minimum thickness of the second insulating portion 242 of the first insulating member 24 is 0.05mm to 0.5mm.
- the structural strength of the second insulating portion 242 is improved, which is beneficial to improving the insulation and isolation effect of the second insulating portion 242 on the first electrode tab 232 and the outer shell 21, and also helps to alleviate the phenomenon of damage or warping of the second insulating portion 242 during use. This can effectively improve the stability and reliability of the second insulating portion 242 in insulating and isolating the first electrode tab 232 and the outer shell 21.
- the minimum thickness of the second insulating portion 242 is set to be less than or equal to 0.5mm, the phenomenon of the second insulating portion 242 occupying too much space in the outer shell 21 is alleviated, thereby improving the space utilization rate inside the outer shell 21 and increasing the energy density of the battery cell 20.
- the first insulating part 241 and the second insulating part 242 are integrally formed, that is, the first insulating part 241 and the second insulating part 242 are an integral structure formed by an integral molding process.
- first insulating portion 241 and the second insulating portion 242 of the first insulating member 24 can be formed by an integral molding process such as injection molding or milling.
- first insulating part 241 and the second insulating part 242 may also be separate structures, that is, the first insulating part 241 and the second insulating part 242 are separate structures, and the first insulating part 241 and the second insulating part 242 can be connected to each other by adhesive or snap-fit structures.
- the connection strength between the first insulating part 241 and the second insulating part 242 can be improved, thereby reducing the phenomenon of the first insulating part 241 and the second insulating part 242 detaching from each other, which is beneficial to improving the stability and reliability of the first insulating member 24 during use.
- the maximum thickness of the second insulating portion 242 is less than the thickness of the first insulating portion 241.
- the thickness of the first insulating part 241 is D1
- the maximum thickness of the second insulating part 242 is the thickness of the end of the second insulating part 242 connected to the first insulating part 241.
- the maximum thickness of the second insulating part 242 is not shown in the figure.
- the second insulating portion 242 by setting the maximum thickness of the second insulating portion 242 to be less than the thickness of the first insulating portion 241, the second insulating portion...
- the structure 242 is thinner than the first insulating part 241, thereby saving the space occupied by the second insulating part 242 between the first tab 232 and the outer casing 21, which is beneficial to improving the internal space utilization of the battery cell 20.
- the thickness of the second insulating portion 242 gradually increases from the end away from the first insulating portion 241 to the end closer to the first insulating portion 241. That is, the thickness of the second insulating portion 242 is greatest at the end connected to the first insulating portion 241, such that the thickness of the end of the second insulating portion 242 connected to the first insulating portion 241 is the maximum thickness of the second insulating portion 242, while the thickness of the end of the second insulating portion 242 away from the first insulating portion 241 is the minimum thickness D2 of the second insulating portion 242.
- the second insulating portion 242 is a structure with a larger thickness at the end that is connected to the first insulating portion 241. This is beneficial to improving the connection reliability between the second insulating portion 242 and the first insulating portion 241, and also to improving the overall structural stability of the first insulating member 24. On the other hand, it can reduce the molding difficulty of the first insulating portion 241 and the second insulating portion 242, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the first insulating member 24.
- the difference between the thickness D1 of the first insulating portion 241 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion and the minimum thickness D2 of the second insulating portion 242 in the radial direction Y of the second insulating portion is greater than or equal to 0 mm and less than or equal to 0.8 mm. That is, the difference between the thickness of the first insulating portion 241 and the minimum thickness of the second insulating portion 242 is between 0 and 0.8 mm.
- the difference between the thickness of the first insulating portion 241 and the minimum thickness of the second insulating portion 242 is set to be greater than or equal to 0 mm and less than or equal to 0.8 mm.
- the difference between the thickness D1 of the first insulating portion 241 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion and the maximum thickness (not shown) of the second insulating portion 242 in the radial direction Y of the second insulating portion is greater than or equal to 0 mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm. That is, the difference between the thickness of the first insulating portion 241 and the maximum thickness of the second insulating portion 242 is between 0 and 0.5 mm.
- the difference between the thickness of the first insulating portion 241 and the maximum thickness of the second insulating portion 242 is set to be greater than or equal to 0 mm and less than or equal to 0.5 mm, the phenomenon of excessive difference between the thickness of the first insulating portion 241 and the thickness of the second insulating portion 242 is alleviated, thereby reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the integrally formed first insulating portion 241 and second insulating portion 242, and improving the production efficiency of the first insulating component 24 of the battery cell 20.
- the Rockwell hardness of the first insulating member 24 is greater than or equal to 30 HRC. That is, the first insulating member 24 is a plastic or the like with high hardness, rather than the tape surrounding the outside of the first tab 232 of the electrode assembly 23.
- the structural strength of the first insulating member 24 is improved, which is beneficial to improving the insulation and isolation effect of the first insulating member 24 on the first tab 232 and the outer shell 21, and is also beneficial to alleviating the phenomenon of damage or warping of the first insulating member 24 during use, thereby effectively improving the stability and reliability of the first insulating member 24 in insulating and isolating the first tab 232 and the outer shell 21.
- the inner surface of the first insulating portion 241 facing the electrode assembly 23 and the inner surface of the second insulating portion 242 facing the electrode assembly 23 are connected by an arc surface 244, and the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode tab 232 is formed with an inclined surface 2323 opposite to the arc surface 244.
- the radial dimension of the inclined surface 2323 near the wall portion 211 is smaller than the radial dimension of the inclined surface 2323 away from the wall portion 211.
- the inner surface of the first insulating part 241 facing the electrode assembly 23 and the inner surface of the second insulating part 242 facing the electrode assembly 23 are connected by an arc surface 244. That is, a rounded corner structure is formed between the inner surface of the first insulating part 241 facing the electrode assembly 23 and the inner surface of the second insulating part 242 facing the electrode assembly 23, and the surface of the rounded corner structure facing the electrode assembly 23 is the arc surface 244.
- the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode tab 232 has an inclined surface 2323 that is disposed opposite to the arc surface 244, that is, at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode tab 232 has an inclined surface 2323 corresponding to the arc surface 244.
- the inclined surface 2323 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the stacked portion 2322.
- the radial dimension of the inclined surface 2323 at the end near the wall portion 211 is smaller than the radial dimension of the inclined surface 2323 at the end away from the wall portion 211.
- the inclined surface 2323 is a structure that slopes inward from the end near the main body portion 231 to the end away from the main body portion 231.
- the sides of the first insulating portion 241 and the second insulating portion 242 facing the electrode assembly 23 are rounded and chamfered. This helps reduce the risk of the first insulating member 24 damaging the electrode assembly 23, thereby improving the reliability of the battery cell 20.
- the risk of the first tab 232 being damaged by the first insulating member 24 when the first tab 232 of the electrode assembly 23 is inserted into the receiving space 243 of the first insulating member 24 is effectively reduced, thereby improving the assembly quality of the battery cell 20.
- the outer shell 21 is cylindrical, and the central axis of the outer shell 21 extends along the thickness direction X of the wall.
- the shell 212 of the outer shell 21 is cylindrical, and correspondingly, the end cap 213 of the outer shell 21 is a circular plate structure.
- the central axis of the outer shell 21 extends along the thickness direction X of the wall, that is, the outer shell 21 is a cylindrical structure with the central axis extending along the thickness direction X of the wall.
- the shape of the outer shell 21 may also be cuboid, cube, or prism.
- the battery cell 20 is facilitated to form a cylindrical structure, giving it advantages such as high capacity, long cycle life, and a wide operating temperature range.
- the electrode assembly 23 can be configured as a cylindrical structure with its central axis extending along the thickness direction X of the wall, facilitating the insertion of the first tab 232 of the electrode assembly 23 into the receiving space 243 of the first insulating member 24, and reducing the manufacturing difficulty of the first insulating member 24.
- the outer casing 21 may include a housing 212 and an end cap 213.
- the housing 212 includes an integrally formed side wall 2123 and a bottom wall 2122.
- the side wall 2123 surrounds the bottom wall 2122.
- One end is connected to the bottom wall 2122, and the other end is enclosed to form an opening 2121.
- the side wall 2123 and the bottom wall 2122 together define a receiving cavity for accommodating the electrode assembly 23.
- the end cap 213 closes the opening 2121, and the bottom wall 2122 is a wall portion 211.
- the shell 212 includes an integrally formed side wall 2123 and bottom wall 2122. That is, the shell 212 is manufactured by an integral forming process, such as stamping, casting or extrusion molding. In other words, the side wall 2123 and bottom wall 2122 of the shell 212 are an integral structure.
- the bottom wall 2122 is a wall portion 211, that is, the wall portion 211 is a wall of the housing 212 that is opposite to the end cap 213 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- the electrode terminal 22 is installed on the bottom wall 2122 of the housing 212.
- the first electrode tab 232 is disposed on one end of the electrode assembly 23 facing the bottom wall 2122 of the housing 212 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- the first insulating portion 241 of the first insulating member 24 is located between the first electrode tab 232 and the bottom wall 2122 of the housing 212.
- the battery cell 20 with this structure can make the wall portion 211 where the electrode terminals 22 are provided far away from the end cap 213, so that there is no direct connection between the wall portion 211 and the end cap 213.
- This can alleviate the phenomenon that the force generated when the electrode terminals 22 and other components pull or twist the wall portion 211 acts on the end cap 213, thereby reducing the risk of connection failure between the end cap 213 and the casing 212, and thus helping to reduce the risk of leakage of the battery cell 20 during use.
- the structure of the battery cell 20 is not limited to this. In some embodiments, the battery cell 20 can also have other structures.
- the outer casing 21 may include a housing 212 and an end cap 213.
- the housing 212 forms a receiving cavity with an opening 2121 inside, which is used to receive the electrode assembly 23.
- the end cap 213 closes the opening 2121 and is a wall portion 211. That is, the electrode terminal 22 is mounted on the end cap 213 of the housing 21.
- the first tab 232 is disposed on the end of the electrode assembly 23 facing the end cap 213 in the thickness direction X of the wall portion.
- the first insulating portion 241 of the first insulating member 24 is located between the first tab 232 and the end cap 213.
- the battery cell 20 with this structure is easy to assemble the electrode terminal 22 on the end cap 213 and easy to electrically connect the electrode terminal 22 to the first tab 232, which helps to reduce the assembly difficulty of the battery cell 20 and improve the production efficiency of the battery cell 20.
- this application also provides a battery 100, which includes a battery cell 20 of any of the above schemes.
- the battery 100 may also include a housing 10, in which the battery cells 20 are housed.
- the housing 10 may include a first housing body 11 and a second housing body 12, the first housing body 11 and the second housing body 12 covering each other, the first housing body 11 and the second housing body 12 together defining an assembly space for accommodating the battery cell 20.
- the second box body 12 can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first box body 11 can be a plate-like structure.
- the first box body 11 covers the open side of the second box body 12 so that the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 together define the assembly space;
- the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 can also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first box body 11 covers the open side of the second box body 12.
- the box 10 formed by the first box body 11 and the second box body 12 can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder or a cuboid.
- the box 10 is a cuboid structure.
- the battery 100 may also include other structures.
- the battery 100 may also include a busbar component that connects multiple battery cells 20 to achieve electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 20.
- the battery 100 may not have a housing 10.
- the battery 100 includes multiple battery cells 20, and the battery 100 composed of multiple battery cells 20 can be directly mounted onto an electrical device to provide power to the electrical device through the multiple battery cells 20. That is, the housing 10 can be part of the electrical device.
- the housing 10 can be part of the chassis structure of the vehicle 1000.
- a portion of the housing 10 can be at least a part of the floor of the vehicle 1000, or a portion of the housing 10 can be at least a part of the crossbeams and longitudinal beams of the vehicle 1000.
- the electrical device can be any of the aforementioned devices or systems that utilize battery cells 20.
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Abstract
本申请提供了一种电池单体、电池及用电装置,属于电池技术领域。其中,电池单体包括外壳、电极端子、电极组件和第一绝缘件。外壳具有壁部。电极端子设置于壁部。电极组件容纳于外壳内,电极组件具有第一极耳,第一极耳设置于电极组件在壁部的厚度方向上靠近壁部的一端,第一极耳与电极端子电连接。第一绝缘件包括第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部,沿壁部的厚度方向,第一绝缘部的至少部分位于壁部和第一极耳之间,第二绝缘部围设于第一绝缘部的周围,第二绝缘部与第一绝缘部共同限定出容纳空间,第一极耳的至少部分插设于容纳空间内。通过第一绝缘件能够实现第一极耳与外壳之间的分隔,且能够提升第一绝缘件绝缘隔离第一极耳和外壳的效果。
Description
本申请涉及电池技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种电池单体、电池及用电装置。
近些年,新能源汽车有了飞跃式的发展,在电动汽车领域,动力电池作为电动汽车的动力源,起着不可替代的重要作用。随着新能源汽车的大力推广,对动力电池产品的需求也日益增长,其中,电池作为新能源汽车核心零部件在使用性能和生产质量方面均有着较高的要求。
在电池技术中,电池单体包括外壳和容纳于外壳内的电极组件,电极组件形成有极耳,极耳用于与设置于外壳上的电极端子电连接,以实现电池单体的电能的输入或输出,但是,现有的电池单体在使用过程中容易出现极耳与外壳发生短接的现象,以导致电池单体存在内部短接的风险,从而不利于提升电池单体的使用可靠性。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种电池单体、电池及用电装置,能够有效提升电池单体的使用可靠性。
第一方面,本申请实施例提供一种电池单体,包括外壳、电极端子、电极组件和第一绝缘件;所述外壳具有壁部;所述电极端子设置于所述壁部;所述电极组件容纳于所述外壳内,所述电极组件具有第一极耳,所述第一极耳设置于所述电极组件在所述壁部的厚度方向上靠近所述壁部的一端,所述第一极耳与所述电极端子电连接;所述第一绝缘件包括第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第一绝缘部的至少部分位于所述壁部和所述第一极耳之间,所述第二绝缘部围设于所述第一绝缘部的周围,所述第二绝缘部与所述第一绝缘部共同限定出容纳空间,所述第一极耳的至少部分插设于所述容纳空间内。
在上述技术方案中,外壳内设置有用于绝缘隔离第一极耳与外壳的第一绝缘件,第一绝缘件包括相互连接的第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部,第一绝缘部设置于壁部和第一极耳之间,且第二绝缘部围设于第一绝缘部的周围,以使第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部共同形成有供第一极耳插入的容纳空间,采用这种结构的电池单体一方面便于对第一绝缘件进行装配,只需将电极组件形成有第一极耳的一端插设于第一绝缘件的容纳空间内即可完成第一绝缘件与电极组件之间的装配,有利于降低第一绝缘件和电极组件之间的装配难度,另一方面通过第一绝缘件能够实现第一极耳与外壳之间的分隔,且能够提升第一绝缘件绝缘隔离第一极耳和外壳的效果,从而能够降低电池单体的短接风险,以提升电池单体的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中,所述电池单体还包括第一集流构件;所述第一集流构件沿所述壁部的厚度方向设置于所述第一极耳和所述第一绝缘部之间,所述第一集流构件与所述第一极耳相连,所述第一绝缘部设置有通孔,所述通孔与所述容纳空间连通,所述电极端子插设于所述通孔内并与所述第一集流构件相连。
在上述技术方案中,外壳内还设置有第一集流构件,第一集流构件设置于第一绝缘部和第一极耳之间,且第一绝缘部设置有供电极端子插入的通孔,使得第一集流构件能够连接电极端子和第一极耳,采用这种结构的电池单体一方面能够降低电极端子与第一极耳相互电连接的难度,以降低电池单体的装配难度,另一方面使得第一集流构件也位于第一绝缘件的容纳空间内,以使第一绝缘件在实现绝缘隔离第一极耳和外壳的同时还能够绝缘隔离第一集流构件和外壳,有利于降低集流构件与外壳之间的短接风险,进而能够进一步降低电池单体的短接风险,以进一步提升电池单体的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中,所述第一绝缘部与所述第一集流构件相连。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第一绝缘件的第一绝缘部与第一集流构件相互连接,使得第一绝缘件为固定于第一集流构件上的结构,采用这种结构的电池单体一方面能够提升第一绝缘件装配至外壳内的稳定性,有利于缓解第一绝缘件在使用过程中出现窜动或移位等现象,以提升电池单体的使用可靠性,另一方面能够实现先将第一绝缘件、第一集流构件以及电极组件装配完成后再将形成的整体装配至外壳内,从而能够减少第一绝缘件与电极组件之间的装配偏差,进而能够提升第一绝缘件与电极组件之间的装配质量,且在电极组件装配至外壳的过程中能够降低第一绝缘件损坏电极组件的风险,有利于提升电池单体的生产质量。
在一些实施例中,所述第一绝缘部粘接连接于所述第一集流构件。
在上述技术方案中,采用粘接连接的结构将第一绝缘件的第一绝缘部连接于第一集流构件上,一方面能够降低第一绝缘件与第一集流构件之间的连接难度,以提升电池单体的装配效率,另一方面能够实现第一绝缘件与第一集流构件之间的连接装配不影响第一集流构件,有利于减少第一集流构件被损坏的现象。
在一些实施例中,所述电池单体还包括第二绝缘件;所述第二绝缘件的至少部分设置于所述壁部和所述第一绝缘部之间,所述第二绝缘件被配置为绝缘隔离所述第一集流构件和所述壁部;其中,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第二绝缘件背离所述壁部的一侧凸设有限位部,所述限位部插设于所述通孔内,且所述限位部位于所述电极端子和所述通孔的孔壁面之间。
在上述技术方案中,外壳内还设置有第二绝缘件,且第二绝缘件的至少部分位于壁部和第一绝缘部之间,以通过第二绝缘件还能够进一步分隔壁部和第一集流构件,从而能够进一步提升壁部和第一集流构件之间相互绝缘隔离的效果,其中,通过在第二绝缘件背离壁部的一侧凸设限位部,且限位部插设于第一绝缘部的通孔内,从而使得第二绝缘件的限位部还能够对第一绝缘件起到一定的限位和定位作用,有利于进一步减少第一绝缘件在使用过程中出现窜动或移位的现象,且能够提升第一绝缘件装配至外壳内的稳定性和质量。
在一些实施例中,所述限位部环绕所述电极端子设置。
在上述技术方案中,通过将限位部设置为环绕电极端子设置的环形结构,使得限位部为沿通孔的孔壁面的周向延伸的环形结构,有利于进一步提升第二绝缘件的限位部对第一绝缘件进行限位和定位的效果,从而能够进一步提升第一绝缘件与第二绝缘件之间的装配质量。
在一些实施例中,所述第二绝缘件固定连接于所述第一绝缘件。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第一绝缘件与第二绝缘件固定连接,有利于提升第一绝缘件和第二绝缘件装配至外壳内的结构稳定性,且能够进一步减少第一绝缘件在使用过程中出现窜动或移位的现象。
在一些实施例中,所述电池单体还包括第二绝缘件;所述第二绝缘件沿壁部的厚度方向设置于所述壁部面向所述电极组件的一侧;其中,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第一绝缘部的至少部分位于所述第二绝缘件与所述壁部之间。
在上述技术方案中,第二绝缘件设置于壁部面向电极组件的一侧,且第一绝缘件的第一绝缘部的至少部分位于第二绝缘件和壁部之间,使得第二绝缘件和壁部还能够配合对第一绝缘部进行装配,以实现将第一绝缘件紧固于外壳内,采用这种结构的电池单体一方面能够提升第一绝缘件装配至外壳内的稳定性,有利于缓解第一绝缘件在使用过程中出现窜动或移位等现象,以提升电池单体的使用可靠性,且能够降低第一绝缘件紧固于外壳内的难度,以降低电池单体的装配难度,另一方面能够通过第二绝缘件先将第一绝缘件固定于外壳内,使得在电极组件装配至外壳的过程中能够降低因第一绝缘件出现移位而损坏电极组件的风险,有利于提升电池单体的生产质量。
在一些实施例中,所述电池单体还包括第一集流构件;所述第一集流构件设置于所述第一极耳和所述壁部之间,所述第一集流构件连接所述电极端子和所述第一极耳;其中,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第二绝缘件位于所述壁部和所述第一集流构件之间,所述第二绝缘件还被配置为绝缘隔离所述壁部和所述第一集流构件。
在上述技术方案中,外壳内还设置有第一集流构件,第一集流构件设置于第一极耳和壁部之间,使得第一集流构件能够连接电极端子和第一极耳,有利于降低电极端子与第一极耳相互电连接的难度,此外,通过将第一集流构件设置于第二绝缘件背离壁部的一侧,使得第一集流构件与壁部之间既设置有第二绝缘件,还能够使得第一集流构件也位于第一绝缘件的容纳空间内,从而在实现第一绝缘件绝缘隔离第一极耳和外壳的同时还能够实现第一绝缘件和第二绝缘件对第一集流构件和外壳绝缘隔离,有利于降低第一集流构件与外壳之间的短接风险,进而能够进一步降低电池单体的短接风险,以进一步提升电池单体的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中,所述第二绝缘件固定连接于所述第一绝缘件。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第一绝缘件与第二绝缘件固定连接,一方面能够进一步提升第一绝缘件设置于壁部和第二绝缘件之间的结构稳定性,以进一步减少第一绝缘件在使用过程中出现窜动或移位的现象,另一方面能够便于将第一绝缘件和第二绝缘件先固定装配后一起装配至外壳内,有利于降低第一绝缘件装配至第二绝缘件和壁部之间的难度,且在装配第一绝缘件的过程中能够缓解第一绝缘件出现晃动或移位的现象,有利于提升第一绝缘件的装配质量。
在一些实施例中,所述壁部上设置有安装孔,所述安装孔沿所述壁部的厚度方向贯穿所述壁部,所述电极端子的部分穿设于所述安装孔内;其中,所述电极端子具有第一夹持部,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第一夹持部位于所述壁部面向所述电极组件的一侧,所述第一绝缘部的至少部分设置于所述壁部和所述第一夹持部之间,以绝缘隔离所述壁部和所述第一夹持部。
在上述技术方案中,电极端子在壁部的厚度方向上具有位于壁部面向电极组件的一侧的第一夹持部,且第一绝缘件的第一绝缘部的至少部分位于第一夹持部和壁部之间,使得第一夹持部和壁部还能够配合对第一绝缘部进行装配,以将第一绝缘件紧固于外壳内,采用这种结构的电池单体一方面使得第一绝缘件在实现第一极耳与外壳之间的绝缘隔离的同时还能够实现对第一夹持部和壁部进行绝缘隔离,从而无需在第一夹持部和壁部之间单独设置绝缘的部件,有利于降低电池单体的制造成本,另一方面能够提升第一绝缘件装配至外壳内的稳定性,有利于缓解第一绝缘件在使用过程中出现窜动或移位等现象,以提升电池单体的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中,所述电池单体还包括密封件,所述密封件的至少部分位于所述壁部和所述第一夹持部之间,且所述密封件与所述第一绝缘部抵接。
在上述技术方案中,通过将密封件的至少部分设置于壁部和第一夹持部之间,从而在密封件起到密封作用的同时,一方面还能够通过第一夹持部和壁部还能够对密封件起到夹持作用,以提升密封件装配至电极端子和安装孔的孔壁面之间的结构稳定性和可靠性,另一方面通过将密封件与第一绝缘部设置为相互抵接的结构,以减少密封件与第一绝缘部之间出现间隙的现象,有利于提升第一绝缘部和密封件配合绝缘隔离第一夹持部和壁部的效果,进而能够进一步降低第一夹持部与壁部之间的短接风险,以提升电池单体的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中,所述壁部上设置有安装孔,所述安装孔沿所述壁部的厚度方向贯穿所述壁部,所述电极端子固定于所述安装孔,且所述电极端子具有第一夹持部,所述第一夹持部位于所述壁部面向所述电极组件的一侧;所述电池单体还包括密封件,所述密封件的至少部分位于所述壁部和所述第一夹持部之间,且在与所述壁部的厚度方向垂直的方向上,所述密封件超出所述第一夹持部的外周面并与所述第一绝缘部抵接。
在上述技术方案中,通过将密封件的至少部分设置于壁部和第一夹持部之间,且将密封件设置于在与壁部的厚度方向垂直的方向上延伸出第一夹持部的结构,以提升密封件绝缘分隔第一夹持部和壁部的效果,此外,通过将密封件设置于为第一绝缘部相互抵接的结构,以减少密封件与第一绝缘部之间出现间隙的现象,从而无需在第一夹持部和壁部之间单独设置绝缘的部件,有利于降低电池单体的制造成本,且有利于提升第一绝缘部和密封件配合绝缘隔离第一夹持部和壁部的效果,进而能够降低第一夹持部与壁部之间的短接风险,以提升电池单体的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中,所述电极端子具有第二夹持部,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第二夹持部位于所述壁部背离所述电极组件的一侧,所述第二夹持部和所述第一夹持部被配置为配合夹持所述壁部。
在上述技术方案中,电极端子还设置有第二夹持部,且第二夹持部位于壁部背离电极组件的一侧,使得电极端子的第一夹持部和第二夹持部分别位于壁部的两侧,从而通过第一夹持部和第二夹持部配合夹持壁部能够实现将电极端子装配和紧固于壁部上,结构简单,便于装配,有利于降低电极端子装配至壁部上的难度,且有利于提升电极端子装配至壁部上的稳定性和牢靠性。
在一些实施例中,所述电池单体还包括第三绝缘件;所述第三绝缘件至少部分设置于所述壁部和所述第二夹持部之间,以绝缘隔离所述壁部和所述第二夹持部。
在上述技术方案中,电池单体还设置有第三绝缘件,且第三绝缘件的至少部分位于壁部和电极端子的第二夹持部之间,使得第三绝缘件能够实现壁部与电极端子的第二夹持部之间的绝缘隔离,有利于降低第二夹持部与壁部之间的短接风险,以提升电池单体的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中,所述电极组件包括第一极片、第二极片和隔离膜,所述第一极片和所述第二极片的极性相反,所述第一极片包括第一主体和所述第一极耳,所述第一极耳连接于所述第一主体在所述壁部的厚度方向上靠近所述壁部的一端,所述隔离膜的部分设置于所述第一极片和所述第二极片之间,以分隔所述第一极片和所述第二极片,且所述隔离膜的部分包覆于所述电极组件的外侧;其中,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第一极耳超出所述隔离膜靠近所述壁部的一端,且所述隔离膜包覆于所述电极组件的外侧的部分靠近所述壁部的一端插设于所述容纳空间内。
在上述技术方案中,用于分隔第一极片和第二极片的隔离膜的部分环绕且包覆于电极组件的外侧,以使隔离膜还能够起到绝缘隔离第一极片和外壳以及第二极片和外壳的作用,通过将第一极耳设置为在壁部的厚度方向上超出隔离膜靠近壁部的一端,以便于第一极耳与电极端子电连接,有利于降低第一极耳与电极端子之间的装配难度,且在第一极耳和电极端子相互装配连接时能够降低损坏隔离膜的风险。此外,通过将隔离膜包覆于电极组件的外侧的部分在壁部的厚度方向上设置为插设于第一绝缘件的容纳空间内,使得第二绝缘部的部分与隔离膜的部分相互重叠,从而能够提升第一绝缘件的第二绝缘部和隔离膜配合绝缘隔离第一极片和外壳以及第二极片和外壳的效果,以降低第一极耳的部分裸露后与外壳搭接的风险,一方面能够进一步提升电池单体的使用可靠性,另一方面无需在电极组件的外侧再进一步包覆绝缘膜等结构,有利于降低电池单体的制造成本,且有利于优化电池单体的生产工艺。
在一些实施例中,所述外壳还具有侧壁,所述侧壁围设于所述壁部的周围,所述第二绝缘部的外周面与所述侧壁的内周面过盈配合。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第二绝缘部的外周面与侧壁的内周面设置为过盈配合的结构,使得第一绝缘件为紧固于外壳内的结构,从而能够提升第一绝缘件装配至外壳内的稳定性,有利于缓解第一绝缘件在使用过程中出现窜动或移位等现象,以提升电池单体的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第二绝缘部的一端与所述第一绝缘部相连,另一端设置有缺口,所述缺口贯穿所述第二绝缘部的内周面和外周面。
在上述技术方案中,通过在第二绝缘部在壁部的厚度方向上远离第一绝缘部的一端设置缺口,且缺口为贯穿第二绝缘部的内周面和外周面的结构,从而使得第二绝缘部在第二绝缘部的径向上更容易变形,以便于将第一绝缘件装配至外壳内,进而能够降低第二绝缘部与侧壁相互过盈配合的难度,以降低第一绝缘件装配至外壳内的难度,有利于提升电池单体的装配效率。
在一些实施例中,所述第二绝缘部设置有多个所述缺口,多个所述缺口沿所述第二绝缘部的周向间隔排布。
在上述技术方案中,通过在第二绝缘部上设置沿第二绝缘部的周向间隔排布的多个缺口,以进一步提升第二绝缘部在第二绝缘部的径向上的变形能力,从而能够进一步降低第二绝缘部与侧壁相互过盈配合的难度,以进一步降低第一绝缘件装配至外壳内的难度。
在一些实施例中,所述电极组件包括第一极片、第二极片和隔离膜,所述第一极片和所述第二极片的极性相反,所述第一极片包括第一主体和所述第一极耳,所述第一极耳连接于所述第一主体在所述壁部的厚度方向上靠近所述壁部的一端,所述隔离膜的部分设置于所述第一极片和所述第二极片之间,以分隔所述第一极片和所述第二极片,且所述隔离膜的部分包覆于所述电极组件的外侧;其中,沿所述第二绝缘部的径向,所述缺口的投影位于所述隔离膜包覆于所述电极组件的外侧的部分内,所述第二绝缘部的径向与所述壁部的厚度方向垂直。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第二绝缘部上的缺口在第二绝缘部的径向上的投影设置为位于隔离膜包覆于电极组件的外侧的部分内,以使隔离膜包覆于电极组件的外侧的部分为在第二绝缘部的径向上覆盖且遮挡缺口的结构,从而能够减少第一极耳从缺口处漏出后与外壳相互搭接的现象,以降低电池单体出现内部短路的风险,进而有利于提升电池单体的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中,所述第二绝缘部具有弹性,且所述第二绝缘部被配置为能够沿与所述壁部的厚度方向垂直的方向变形。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第二绝缘部设置为具有弹性的结构,且将第二绝缘部设置为能够沿与壁部的厚度方向垂直的方向发生变形,一方面便于将第一绝缘件装配至外壳内,有利于降低第一绝缘件装配至外壳内的难度,以提升电池单体的装配效率,另一方面能够实现将第二绝缘部的外周面与侧壁的内周面设置为过盈配合的结构,以使第一绝缘件为紧固于外壳内的结构,有利于进一步提升第一绝缘件装配至外壳内的稳定性,且有利于缓解第一绝缘件在使用过程中出现窜动或移位等现象,以提升电池单体的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中,所述第二绝缘部的洛氏硬度小于所述外壳的洛氏硬度。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第二绝缘部的洛氏硬度设置为小于外壳的洛氏硬度,以缓解第二绝缘部在装配至外壳内的过程中对外壳造成刮伤或磨损的现象,从而有利于减少外壳出现拉丝或毛刺的风险,以提升电池单体
的生产质量。
在一些实施例中,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第二绝缘部的外周面的至少部分的径向尺寸从远离所述第一绝缘部的一端到靠近所述第一绝缘部的一端逐渐减小。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第二绝缘部的外周面的至少部分的径向尺寸从远离第一绝缘部的一端到靠近第一绝缘部的一端设置为逐渐减小的结构,以使第二绝缘部的外周面能够在第一绝缘件的第二绝缘部装配至外壳内的过程中起到一定的导向作用,有利于降低第二绝缘部与外壳相互装配的难度,从而能够提升电池单体的装配效率。
在一些实施例中,所述第二绝缘部的外周面的最大径向尺寸L1,且所述第二绝缘部的外周面的最小径向尺寸为L2,0<L1-L2≤6mm。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第二绝缘部的外周面的最大径向尺寸和第二绝缘部的外周面的最小径向尺寸的差值设置为大于0且小于或等于6mm,以缓解第二绝缘部的外周面的倾斜角度过大而造成第一绝缘件装配至外壳内的难度过大的现象,有利于降低第二绝缘部与侧壁相互过盈配合装配的难度,从而能够有效提升电池单体的装配效率。
在一些实施例中,所述外壳还具有侧壁,所述侧壁围设于所述壁部的周围,所述第二绝缘部的外周面与所述侧壁的内周面抵接;其中,所述第二绝缘部的外周面的至少部分与所述侧壁在与所述壁部的厚度方向垂直的方向上的间距从远离所述第一绝缘部的一端到靠近所述第一绝缘部的一端逐渐增大。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第二绝缘部的外周面的至少部分与侧壁在与壁部的厚度方向垂直的方向上的间距从远离第一绝缘部的一端到靠近第一绝缘部的一端设置为逐渐增大的结构,以便于将第二绝缘部连接有第一绝缘部的一端先插设于外壳的侧壁内,有利于降低第二绝缘部与侧壁相互装配的难度,从而能够提升电池单体的装配效率。
在一些实施例中,所述电极组件包括第一极片,所述第一极片包括第一主体和所述第一极耳,所述第一极耳包括根部和层叠部,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述根部连接于所述第一主体靠近所述壁部的一端,所述层叠部连接于所述根部靠近所述壁部的一端,所述层叠部与所述电极端子电连接,且所述层叠部整体位于所述容纳空间内。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第一极耳中用于与电极端子电连接的层叠部设置为整体均容纳于容纳空间内,从而能够提升第一绝缘件绝缘隔离第一极耳的层叠部和外壳的效果,以降低第一极耳与外壳发生短接的风险。
在一些实施例中,沿与所述壁部的厚度方向垂直的方向,所述第二绝缘部的投影与所述第一主体的投影不重叠。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第二绝缘部与第一极片的第一主体在与壁部的厚度方向垂直的方向上的投影设置为互不重叠,使得第二绝缘部为在壁部的厚度方向上未延伸至外壳与第一极片的第一主体之间的结构,从而能够减少第二绝缘部与第一极片的第一主体之间的干涉影响,且能够降低第二绝缘部划伤或损伤第一极片的第一主体的风险,以提升电池单体的使用稳定性。
在一些实施例中,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第一绝缘部的厚度大于或等于0.3mm,且小于或等于1.2mm。
在上述技术方案中,第一绝缘件的第一绝缘部的厚度为0.3mm到1.2mm,一方面通过将第一绝缘部的厚度设置为大于或等于0.3mm,以提升第一绝缘部的结构强度,有利于提升第一绝缘部绝缘隔离第一极耳和外壳的效果,且有利于缓解第一绝缘部在使用过程中出现损坏或起翘等现象,从而能够有效提升第一绝缘部绝缘隔离第一极耳和外壳的稳定性和可靠性,另一方面通过将第一绝缘部的厚度设置为小于或等于1.2mm,以缓解第一绝缘部在外壳内占用的空间过多的现象,从而能够提高外壳内部的空间利用率,以提升电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施例中,所述第二绝缘部的最小厚度大于或等于0.05mm,且小于或等于0.5mm。
在上述技术方案中,第一绝缘件的第二绝缘部的最小厚度为0.05mm到0.5mm,一方面通过将第二绝缘部的最小厚度设置为大于或等于0.05mm,以提升第二绝缘部的结构强度,有利于提升第二绝缘部绝缘隔离第一极耳和外壳的效果,且有利于缓解第二绝缘部在使用过程中出现损坏或起翘等现象,从而能够有效提升第二绝缘部绝缘隔离第一极耳和外壳的稳定性和可靠性,另一方面通过将第二绝缘部的最小厚度设置为小于或等于0.5mm,以缓解第二绝缘部在外壳内占用的空间过多的现象,从而能够提高外壳内部的空间利用率,以提升电池单体的能量密度。
在一些实施例中,所述第一绝缘部与所述第二绝缘部一体成型。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第一绝缘件的第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部设置为一体成型的结构,使得第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部为一体式结构,从而能够提升第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部之间的连接强度,以减少第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部相互脱离的现象,有利于提升第一绝缘件在使用过程中的稳定性和可靠性。
在一些实施例中,所述第二绝缘部的最大厚度小于所述第一绝缘部的厚度。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第二绝缘部的最大厚度设置为小于第一绝缘部的厚度,以使第二绝缘部为相较于第一绝缘部被减薄的结构,从而能够节省第二绝缘部在第一极耳与外壳之间占用的空间,有利于提升电池单体的内部空间利用率。
在一些实施例中,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第二绝缘部的厚度从远离所述第一绝缘部的一端到靠近所述第一绝缘部的一端逐渐增大。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第二绝缘部的厚度设置为从远离第一绝缘部的一端到靠近第一绝缘部的一端逐渐增大的结构,使得第二绝缘部为与第一绝缘部相互连接的一端的厚度较大的结构,从而一方面有利于提升第二绝缘部和第一绝缘部之间的连接可靠性,且有利于提升第一绝缘件整体的结构稳定性,另一方面能够降低第一绝缘
部和第二绝缘部的成型难度,以降低第一绝缘件的制造难度。
在一些实施例中,所述第一绝缘部的厚度减去所述第二绝缘部的最小厚度的差值大于或等于0mm,且小于或等于0.8mm。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第一绝缘部的厚度与第二绝缘部的最小厚度的差值设置为大于或等于0mm且小于或等于0.8mm,以缓解第一绝缘部的厚度与第二绝缘部的厚度相差过大的现象,从而有利于降低一体成型的第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部的制造难度,以提升电池单体的第一绝缘件的生产效率。
在一些实施例中,所述第一绝缘部的厚度减去所述第二绝缘部的最大厚度的差值大于或等于0mm,且小于或等于0.5mm。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第一绝缘部的厚度与第二绝缘部的最大厚度的差值设置为大于或等于0mm且小于或等于0.5mm,以缓解第一绝缘部的厚度与第二绝缘部的厚度相差过大的现象,从而有利于降低一体成型的第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部的制造难度,以提升电池单体的第一绝缘件的生产效率。
在一些实施例中,所述第一绝缘件的洛氏硬度大于或等于30HRC。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第一绝缘件的洛氏硬度设置为大于或等于30HRC,以提升第一绝缘件的结构强度,有利于提升第一绝缘件绝缘隔离第一极耳和外壳的效果,且有利于缓解第一绝缘件在使用过程中出现损坏或起翘等现象,从而能够有效提升第一绝缘件绝缘隔离第一极耳和外壳的稳定性和可靠性。
在一些实施例中,所述第一绝缘部面向所述电极组件的内表面和所述第二绝缘部面向所述电极组件的内表面通过圆弧面连接,且所述第一极耳的外周面形成有与所述圆弧面相对设置的倾斜面,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述倾斜面靠近所述壁部的一端的径向尺寸小于所述倾斜面远离所述壁部的一端的径向尺寸。
在上述技术方案中,通过将第一绝缘部面向电极组件的内表面和第二绝缘部面向电极组件的内表面设置为通过圆弧面相连的结构,以实现第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部面向电极组件的一侧为圆弧倒角的结构,有利于降低第一绝缘件损伤电极组件的风险,以提升电池单体的使用可靠性。此外,通过将第一极耳的外周面的至少部分设置为与圆弧面对应设的倾斜面,使得在电极组件的第一极耳插设于第一绝缘件的容纳空间内时能够有效降低第一极耳被第一绝缘件损坏的风险,以提升电池单体的装配质量。
在一些实施例中,所述外壳呈圆柱状,所述外壳的中心轴线沿所述壁部的厚度方向延伸。
在上述技术方案中,通过将电池单体的外壳设置为圆柱状,以便于加工形成圆柱体结构的电池单体,使得电池单体具有容量高、循环寿命长、使用环境温度宽广等优点。此外,通过将外壳设置为圆柱状,从而能够将电极组件设置为中心轴线沿壁部的厚度方向延伸的圆柱状结构,以便于将电极组件的第一极耳插设于第一绝缘件的容纳空间内,且能够降低第一绝缘件的制造难度。
在一些实施例中,所述外壳包括壳体和端盖;所述壳体包括一体成型的侧壁和底壁,所述侧壁围设于所述底壁的周围,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述侧壁的一端连接于所述底壁,另一端围合形成开口,所述侧壁和所述底壁共同界定出用于容纳所述电极组件的容纳腔;所述端盖封闭所述开口;其中,所述底壁为所述壁部。
在上述技术方案中,通过将外壳的壁部设置为壳体在壁部的厚度方向上与端盖相对设置的底壁,采用这种结构的电池单体能够使得设置有电极端子的壁部远离端盖,使得壁部与端盖之间不存在直接连接关系,从而能够缓解电极端子等部件对壁部进行拉扯或扭转时产生的力作用在端盖上的现象,以降低端盖与壳体之间出现连接失效的风险,进而有利于降低电池单体在使用过程中出现漏液的风险。
在一些实施例中,所述外壳包括壳体和端盖;所述壳体的内部形成具有开口的容纳腔,所述容纳腔用于容纳所述电极组件;所述端盖封闭所述开口;其中,所述端盖为所述壁部。
在上述技术方案中,通过将外壳的壁部设置为外壳用于封闭壳体的开口的端盖,采用这种结构的电池单体便于在端盖上装配电极端子,且便于将电极端子与第一极耳进行电连接,有利于降低电池单体的装配难度,以提升电池单体的生产效率。
第二方面,本申请实施例还提供一种电池,包括上述的电池单体。
第三方面,本申请实施例还提供一种用电装置,包括上述的电池单体,所述电池单体用于提供电能。
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图;
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池的结构爆炸图;
图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的结构示意图;
图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的结构爆炸图;
图5为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体的剖视图;
图6为图5所示的电池单体的A处的局部放大图;
图7为本申请一些实施例提供的第一绝缘件的结构示意图;
图8为本申请一些实施例提供的第一绝缘件的剖视图;
图9为本申请又一些实施例提供的电池单体的剖视图;
图10为图9所示的电池单体的B处的局部放大图;
图11为本申请再一些实施例提供的电池单体的剖视图;
图12为图11所示的电池单体的C处的局部放大图。
图标:1000-车辆;100-电池;10-箱体;11-第一箱本体;12-第二箱本体;20-电池单体;21-外壳;211-壁部;2111-安装孔;212-壳体;2121-开口;2122-底壁;2123-侧壁;213-端盖;22-电极端子;221-第一夹持部;222-第二夹持部;23-电极组件;231-主体部;232-第一极耳;2321-根部;2322-层叠部;2323-倾斜面;233-第二极耳;234-隔离膜;24-第一绝缘件;241-第一绝缘部;2411-通孔;242-第二绝缘部;2421-缺口;243-容纳空间;244-圆弧面;25-第二绝缘件;251-限位部;26-第三绝缘件;27-密封件;28-第一集流构件;29-第二集流构件;30-粘接层;200-控制器;300-马达;X-壁部的厚度方向;Y-第二绝缘部的径向。
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义,本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同;本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在于限制本申请;本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象,而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着,结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例,也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”,仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系,表示可以存在三种关系,例如,A和/或B,可以表示:单独存在A,同时存在A和B,单独存在B这三种情况。另外,本申请中字符“/”,一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中,相同的附图标记表示相同的部件,并且为了简洁,在不同实施例中,省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解,附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸,以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明,而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请实施例中,电池单体可以为二次电池,二次电池是指在电池单体放电后可通过充电的方式使活性材料激活而继续使用的电池单体。
电池单体可以为锂离子电池、钠离子电池、钠锂离子电池、锂金属电池、钠金属电池、锂硫电池、镁离子电池、镍氢电池、镍镉电池、铅蓄电池等,本申请实施例对此并不限定。
电池单体一般包括电极组件。电极组件包括正极、负极以及隔离件。在电池单体充放电过程中,活性离子(例如锂离子)在正极和负极之间往返嵌入和脱出。隔离件设置在正极和负极之间,可以起到防止正负极短路的作用,同时可以使活性离子通过。
在一些实施例中,正极可以为正极片,正极片可以包括正极集流体以及设置在正极集流体至少一个表面的正极活性材料。
作为示例,正极集流体具有在其自身厚度方向相对的两个表面,正极活性材料设置在正极集流体相对的两个表面的任意一者或两者上。
作为示例,正极集流体可采用金属箔片或复合集流体。例如,作为金属箔片,可采用表面镀银处理的铝、表面镀银处理的不锈钢、不锈钢、铜、铝、镍、炭精电极、碳、镍或钛等。复合集流体可包括高分子材料基层和金属层。复合集流体可通过将金属材料(铝、铝合金、镍、镍合金、钛、钛合金、银及银合金等)形成在高分子材料基材(如聚丙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯等的基材)上而形成。
作为示例,正极活性材料可包括以下材料中的至少一种:含锂磷酸盐、锂过渡金属氧化物及其各自的改性化合物。但本申请并不限定于这些材料,还可以使用其他可被用作电池正极活性材料的传统材料。这些正极活性材料可以仅单独使用一种,也可以将两种以上组合使用。其中,含锂磷酸盐的示例可包括但不限于磷酸铁锂(如LiFePO4(也可以简称为LFP))、磷酸铁锂与碳的复合材料、磷酸锰锂(如LiMnPO4)、磷酸锰锂与碳的复合材料、磷酸锰铁锂、磷酸锰铁锂与碳的复合材料中的至少一种。锂过渡金属氧化物的示例可包括但不限于锂钴氧化物(如LiCoO2)、锂镍氧化物(如LiNiO2)、锂锰氧化物(如LiMnO2、LiMn2O4)、锂镍钴氧化物、锂锰钴氧化物、锂镍锰氧化物、锂镍钴锰氧化物(如LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2(也可以简称为NCM333)、LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2(也可以简称为NCM523)、LiNi0.5Co0.25Mn0.25O2(也可以简称为NCM211)、LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2(也可以简称为NCM622)、LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2(也可以简称为NCM811)、锂镍钴铝氧化物(如LiNi0.85Co0.15Al0.05O2)及其改性化合物等中的至少一种。
在一些实施例中,正极可以采用泡沫金属。泡沫金属可以为泡沫镍、泡沫铜、泡沫铝、泡沫合金等。泡沫金属作为正极时,泡沫金属表面可以不设置正极活性材料,当然也可以设置正极活性材料。作为示例,在泡沫金属内还可以填充或/和沉积有锂源材料、钾金属或钠金属,锂源材料为锂金属和/或富锂材料。
在一些实施例中,负极可以为负极片,负极片可以包括负极集流体。
作为示例,负极集流体可采用金属箔片、泡沫金属或复合集流体。例如,作为金属箔片,可以采用银表面处理的铝或不锈钢、不锈钢、铜、铝、镍、炭精电极、镍或钛等。泡沫金属可以为泡沫镍、泡沫铜、泡沫铝、泡沫合金等。复合集流体可包括高分子材料基层和金属层。复合集流体可通过将金属材料(铜、铜合金、镍、镍合金、钛、钛合金、银及银合金等)形成在高分子材料基材(如聚丙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯等的基材)上而形成。
作为示例,负极片可以包括负极集流体以及设置在负极集流体至少一个表面上的负极活性材料。
作为示例,负极集流体具有在其自身厚度方向相对的两个表面,负极活性材料设置在负极集流体相对的两个表面中的任意一者或两者上。
作为示例,负极活性材料可采用本领域公知的用于电池单体的负极活性材料。作为示例,负极活性材料可包括以下材料中的至少一种:人造石墨、天然石墨、软炭、硬炭、硅基材料、锡基材料和钛酸锂等。硅基材料可选自单质硅、硅氧化合物、硅碳复合物、硅氮复合物以及硅合金中的至少一种。锡基材料可选自单质锡、锡氧化合物以及锡合金中的至少一种。但本申请并不限定于这些材料,还可以使用其他可被用作电池负极活性材料的传统材料。这些负极活性材料可以仅单独使用一种,也可以将两种以上组合使用。
在一些实施例中,正极集流体的材料可以为铝,负极集流体的材料可以为铜。
在一些实施方式中,电极组件还包括隔离件,隔离件设置在正极和负极之间。
在一些实施方式中,隔离件为隔离膜。隔离膜的种类可以是多种,可以选用任意公知的具有良好的化学稳定性和机械稳定性的多孔结构隔离膜。
作为示例,隔离膜的材质可以包括玻璃纤维、无纺布、聚乙烯、聚丙烯及聚偏二氟乙烯中的至少一种。隔离膜可以是单层薄膜,也可以是多层复合薄膜。在隔离膜为多层复合薄膜时,各层的材料可以相同或不同。隔离件可以是单独的一个部件位于正负极之间,也可以附着在正负极的表面。
在一些实施方式中,隔离件为固态电解质。固态电解质设于正极和负极之间,同时起到传输离子和隔离正负极的作用。
在一些实施方式中,电池单体还包括电解质,电解质在正、负极之间起到传导离子的作用。电解质可以是液态的、凝胶态的或固态的。其中,液态电解质包括电解质盐和溶剂。
在一些实施方式中,电解质盐可以包括六氟磷酸锂、四氟硼酸锂、高氯酸锂、六氟砷酸锂、双氟磺酰亚胺锂、双三氟甲磺酰亚胺锂、三氟甲磺酸锂、二氟磷酸锂、二氟草酸硼酸锂、二草酸硼酸锂、二氟二草酸磷酸锂及四氟草酸磷酸锂中的至少一种。
在一些实施方式中,溶剂可以包括碳酸亚乙酯、碳酸亚丙酯、碳酸甲乙酯、碳酸二乙酯、碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二丙酯、碳酸甲丙酯、碳酸乙丙酯、碳酸亚丁酯、氟代碳酸亚乙酯、甲酸甲酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯、丙酸甲酯、丙酸乙酯、丙酸丙酯、丁酸甲酯、丁酸乙酯、1,4-丁内酯、环丁砜、二甲砜、甲乙砜及二乙砜中的至少一种。溶剂也可选醚类溶剂。醚类溶剂可以包括乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇二乙醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、三乙二醇二甲醚、四乙二醇二甲醚、1,3-二氧戊环、四氢呋喃、甲基四氢呋喃、二苯醚及冠醚中的一种或多种。
其中,凝胶态电解质包括以聚合物作为电解质的骨架网络,搭配离子液体-锂盐。
其中,固态电解质包括聚合物固态电解质、无机固态电解质、复合固态电解质。
作为示例,聚合物固态电解质可以为聚醚(聚氧化乙烯)、聚硅氧烷、聚碳酸酯、聚丙烯腈、聚偏氟乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、单离子聚合物、聚离子液体-锂盐、纤维素等。
作为示例,无机固态电解质可以包括氧化物固体电解质(晶态的钙钛矿、钠超导离子导体、石榴石、非晶态的LiPON薄膜)、硫化物固体电解质(晶态的锂超离子导体(锂锗磷硫、硫银锗矿)、非晶体硫化物)以及卤化物固体电解质、氮化物固体电解质及氢化物固体电解质中的一种或多种。
作为示例,复合固态电解质通过在聚合物固体电解质中增加无机固态电解质填料形成。
在一些实施方式中,电极组件为卷绕结构。正极片、负极片卷绕成卷绕结构。
在一些实施方式中,电极组件为叠片结构。
作为示例,正极片、负极片可分别设置多个,多个正极片和多个负极片交替层叠设置。
作为示例,正极片可设置多个,负极片折叠形成多个层叠设置的折叠段,相邻的折叠段之间夹持一个正极片。
作为示例,正极片和负极片均折叠形成多个层叠设置的折叠段。
作为示例,隔离件可设置多个,分别设置在任意相邻的正极片或负极片之间。
作为示例,隔离件可连续地设置,通过折叠或者卷绕方式设置在任意相邻的正极片或负极片之间。
在一些实施方式中,电极组件的形状可以为圆柱状,扁平状或多棱柱状等。
在一些实施方式中,电极组件设有极耳,极耳可以将电流从电极组件导出。极耳包括正极耳和负极耳。
在一些实施方式中,电池单体可以包括外壳。外壳用于封装电极组件及电解质等部件。外壳可以为钢壳、铝壳、塑料壳(如聚丙烯)、复合金属壳(如铜铝复合外壳)或铝塑膜等。
作为示例,电池单体可以为圆柱形电池单体、棱柱电池单体、软包电池单体或其它形状的电池单体,棱柱电池单体包括但不限于方壳电池单体、刀片形电池单体、多棱柱电池,多棱柱电池例如为六棱柱电池等。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。
在一些实施例中,电池可以为电池模块,电池单体有多个时,多个电池单体排列并固定形成一个电池模块。
在一些实施例中,电池可以为电池包,电池包包括箱体和电池单体,电池单体或电池模块容纳于箱体
中。
在一些实施例中,箱体可以作为车辆的底盘结构的一部分。例如,箱体的部分可以成为车辆的地板的至少一部分,或者,箱体的部分可以成为车辆的横梁和纵梁的至少一部分。
在一些实施例中,电池可以为储能装置。储能装置包括储能集装箱、储能电柜等。
电池具有能量密度高、环境污染小、功率密度大、使用寿命长、适应范围广、自放电系数小等突出的优点,是现今新能源发展的重要组成部分。电池技术的发展要同时考虑多方面的设计因素,例如,能量密度、循环寿命、放电容量、充放电倍率等性能参数,另外,还需要考虑电池的安全性。
对于一般的电池单体而言,电池单体通常包括外壳和容纳于外壳内的电极组件,外壳上设置有电极端子,对应地,电极组件的一端形成有极耳,通过将电极端子与极耳电连接,以实现电池单体的电能的输入或输出,但是,由于极耳极容易与外壳相互接触,造成电池单体容易发生短接风险,因此,在相关技术中,通过在电极组件的外侧包覆有绝缘膜,以通过绝缘膜绝缘隔离极耳和外壳,然而,这种结构的电池单体在使用过程中容易出现绝缘膜起翘或破损等现象,从而导致电池单体在使用过程中仍旧容易发生极耳与外壳短接的风险,进而不利于提升电池单体的使用可靠性。
基于以上考虑,为了解决电池单体的使用可靠性较低的问题,本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体,电池单体包括外壳、电极端子、电极组件和第一绝缘件。外壳具有壁部。电极端子设置于壁部。电极组件容纳于外壳内,电极组件具有第一极耳,第一极耳设置于电极组件在壁部的厚度方向上靠近壁部的一端,第一极耳与电极端子电连接。第一绝缘件包括第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部,沿壁部的厚度方向,第一绝缘部的至少部分位于壁部和第一极耳之间,第二绝缘部围设于第一绝缘部的周围,第二绝缘部与第一绝缘部共同限定出容纳空间,第一极耳的至少部分插设于容纳空间内。
在这种结构的电池单体中,外壳内设置有用于绝缘隔离第一极耳与外壳的第一绝缘件,第一绝缘件包括相互连接的第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部,第一绝缘部设置于壁部和第一极耳之间,且第二绝缘部围设于第一绝缘部的周围,以使第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部共同形成有供第一极耳插入的容纳空间,采用这种结构的电池单体一方面便于对第一绝缘件进行装配,只需将电极组件形成有第一极耳的一端插设于第一绝缘件的容纳空间内即可完成第一绝缘件与电极组件之间的装配,有利于降低第一绝缘件和电极组件之间的装配难度,另一方面通过第一绝缘件能够实现第一极耳与外壳之间的分隔,且能够提升第一绝缘件绝缘隔离第一极耳和外壳的效果,从而能够降低电池单体的短接风险,以提升电池单体的使用可靠性。
本申请实施例公开的电池单体可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。可以使用具备本申请公开的电池单体、电池等组成该用电装置的电源系统,这样,有利于缓解电池单体出现内部短接的问题,以提升电池单体的使用可靠性。
本申请实施例提供一种使用电池作为电源的用电装置,用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中,电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具,例如,游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等,航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明,以本申请一实施例的一种用电装置为车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图1,图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车,新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部设置有电池100,电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部,也可以设置在车辆1000的头部,还可以设置在车辆1000的尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的进行供电,例如,电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源或使用电源等。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300,控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电,例如,用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中,电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源或使用电源,还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源,代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2和图3,图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池100的结构爆炸图,图3为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的结构示意图。电池100包括箱体10和电池单体20,电池单体20用于容纳于箱体10内。
其中,箱体10用于为电池单体20提供装配空间,箱体10可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中,箱体10可以包括第一箱本体11和第二箱本体12,第一箱本体11与第二箱本体12相互盖合,第一箱本体11和第二箱本体12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体20的装配空间。第二箱本体12可以为一端开放的空心结构,第一箱本体11可以为板状结构,第一箱本体11盖合于第二箱本体12的开放侧,以使第一箱本体11与第二箱本体12共同限定出装配空间;第一箱本体11和第二箱本体12也可以是均为一侧开放的空心结构,第一箱本体11的开放侧盖合于第二箱本体12的开放侧。
当然,第一箱本体11和第二箱本体12形成的箱体10可以是多种形状,比如,圆柱体、长方体或正方体等。示例性地,在图2中,箱体10的形状为长方体。
在电池100中,设置于箱体10内的电池单体20可以是一个,也可以是多个。当设置于箱体10内的电池单体20为多个时,多个电池单体20之间可以是串联或并联或混联,混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起,再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内;当然,电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式,多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体,并整体容纳于箱体10内。
在一些实施例中,电池100还可以包括其他结构,例如,该电池100还可以包括汇流部件,汇流部件用于连接多个电池单体20,以实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
其中,每个电池单体20可以为二次电池或一次电池;还可以是锂硫电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池,但并不局限于此。电池单体20可以呈长方体、圆柱体、棱柱体或其它形状等。示例性地,在图3中,电池单体20为圆柱体结构。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参照图3,并请进一步参照图4、图5、图6、图7和图8,图4为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的结构爆炸图,图5为本申请一些实施例提供的电池单体20的剖视图,图6为图5所示的电池单体20的A处的局部放大图,图7为本申请一些实施例提供的第一绝缘件24的结构示意图,图8为本申请一些实施例提供的第一绝缘件24的剖视图。本申请提供了一种电池单体20,电池单体20包括外壳21、电极端子22、电极组件23和第一绝缘件24。外壳21具有壁部211。电极端子22设置于壁部211。电极组件23容纳于外壳21内,电极组件23具有第一极耳232,第一极耳232设置于电极组件23在壁部的厚度方向X上靠近壁部211的一端,第一极耳232与电极端子22电连接。第一绝缘件24包括第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242,沿壁部的厚度方向X,第一绝缘部241的至少部分位于壁部211和第一极耳232之间第二绝缘部242围设于第一绝缘部241的周围,第二绝缘部242与第一绝缘部241共同限定出容纳空间243,第一极耳232的至少部分插设于容纳空间243内。
其中,外壳21还可以用于容纳电解质,例如电解液。外壳21可以是多种结构形式。外壳21的材质也可以是多种,比如,铜、铁、铝、钢、铝合金等。
在一些实施例中,外壳21可以包括壳体212和端盖213,壳体212的内部形成有容纳腔,且容纳腔具有开口2121,即壳体212为一端开放的空心结构,端盖213盖合于壳体212的开口2121处并形成密封连接,以形成用于容纳电极组件23和电解质的密封空间。
其中,壳体212可以包括底壁2122和侧壁2123,侧壁2123围设于底壁2122的周围,侧壁2123的一端与底壁2122相连,另一端围合形成开口2121。
可选地,设置有电极端子22的壁部211可以是外壳21的端盖213,也可以是壳体212的底壁2122或侧壁2123。示例性地,在图4和图5中,壁部211为壳体212在壁部的厚度方向X上与端盖213相对设置的底壁2122,对应地,壁部的厚度方向X则为端盖213与壁部211的排布方向,也为端盖213的厚度方向。当然,在其他实施例中,壁部211也可以为外壳21的端盖213。
在组装电池单体20时,可先将电极组件23放入壳体212内,并向壳体212内填充电解质,再将端盖213盖合于壳体212的开口2121,以封闭壳体212的开口2121。
壳体212可以是多种形状,比如,圆柱体、长方体等。壳体212的形状可根据电极组件23的具体形状来确定。比如,若电极组件23为圆柱体结构,则壳体212可选用圆柱体结构;若电极组件23为长方体结构,则壳体212可选用长方体结构。当然,端盖213也可以是多种结构,比如,端盖213为板状结构或一端开放的空心结构等。示例性地,在图3和图4中,壳体212为圆柱体结构,且壳体212的中心轴线沿壁部的厚度方向X延伸,对应地,端盖213为圆形板状结构。
可理解地,外壳21并不仅仅局限于上述结构,外壳21也可以是其他结构,比如,外壳21包括壳体212和两个端盖213,壳体212为相对的两侧开口2121的空心结构,一个端盖213对应盖合于壳体212的一个开口2121处并形成密封连接,以形成用于容纳电极组件23和电解质的密封空间。
需要说明的是,电极组件23是电池单体20中发生电化学反应的部件,电极组件23包括第一极片、第二极片和隔离膜234,第一极片和第二极片的极性相反,隔离膜234的部分设置于第一极片和第二极片之间,以分隔第一极片和第二极片。其中,电极组件23的结构可以是多种,比如,电极组件23可以是由第一极片、隔离膜234和第二极片通过卷绕形成的卷绕式结构,也可以是由第一极片、隔离膜234和第二极片通过层叠布置形成的层叠式结构。在图4中,电极组件23是由第一极片、隔离膜234和第二极片通过卷绕形成的卷绕式结构,电极组件23呈圆柱状结构,且电极组件23的中心轴线沿壁部的厚度方向X延伸。
其中,第一极片包括第一主体和连接于第一主体的一端的第一极耳232,第一主体为第一极片上涂覆有活性物质层的区域,而第一极耳232为第一极片上未涂覆活性物质层的区域,若第一极片为正极片,则第一主体为第一极片上涂覆有正极活性物质层的区域,而第一极耳232为第一极片上未涂覆正极活性物质层的区域,且第一极耳232用于输入或输出电极组件23的正极,若第一极片为负极片,则第一主体为第一极片上涂覆有负极活性物质层的区域,而第一极耳232为第一极片上未涂覆负极活性物质层的区域,且第一极耳232用于输入或输出电极组件23的负极。同样地,第二极片包括第二主体和连接于第二主体的一端的第二极耳233,第二主体为第二极片上涂覆有活性物质层的区域,而第二极耳233为第二极片上未涂覆活性物质层的区域,若第二极片为正极片,则第二主体为第二极片上涂覆有正极活性物质层的区域,而第二极耳233为第二极片上未涂覆正极活性物质层的区域,且第二极耳233用于输入或输出电极组件23的正极,若第二极片为负极片,则第二主体为第二极片上涂覆有负极活性物质层的区域,而第二极耳233为第二极片上未涂覆负极活性物质层的区域,且第二极耳233用于输入或输出电极组件23的负极。
第一极片和第二极片的极性相反,即第一极片为正极片,则第二极片为负极片,反正,第一极片为负极片,则第二极片为正极片。
需要说明的是,第一极片的第一主体和第二极片的第二主体相互卷绕共同形成的部分为电极组件23的主体部231,而第一极耳232和第二极耳233分别形成于主体部231在壁部的厚度方向X上的两端,第一极耳232位于主体部231在壁部的厚度方向X上靠近壁部211的一端,以使第一极耳232设置于电极组件23在壁部的厚度方向X上靠近壁部211的一端,第二极耳233位于主体部231在壁部的厚度方向X上远离壁部211的一端。
示例性地,第一极耳232的材质可以是铜或铝等,同样地,第二极耳233的材质也可以是铜或铝等。
隔离膜234的部分设置于第一极片和第二极片之间,以绝缘隔离第一极片和第二极片,且隔离膜234的
部分绕沿壁部的厚度方向X延伸的轴线环绕并包覆于电极组件23的主体部231的外侧,使得隔离膜234还能够绝缘隔离电极组件23和侧壁2123。
需要说明的是,在图6中仅示出了隔离膜234包覆于电极组件23的外侧的部分,而隔离膜234位于第一极片和第二极片之间的部分未示出,其中,隔离膜234绕沿壁部的厚度方向X延伸的轴线环绕并包覆于电极组件23的外侧的部分为电极组件23中的隔离膜234用于收尾的部分。
示例性地,隔离膜234的主要材质可选自玻璃纤维、无纺布、聚乙烯、聚丙烯以及聚偏二氟乙烯中的至少一种。
可选地,容纳于外壳21内的电极组件23可以是一个,也可以是多个。示例性地,在图4和图5中,电池单体20的外壳21内仅设置有一个电极组件23,当然,在其他实施例中,容纳于外壳21内的电极组件23可以是两个、三个、四个、五个、六个、七个或八个等。
在本申请实施例中,电极端子22起到输入或输出电池单体20的电能的作用,电极端子22绝缘安装于外壳21的壁部211上,且电极端子22用于与电极组件23电连接,以输出或输入电池单体20的电能。
需要说明的是,电极端子22绝缘安装于壁部211上,也就是说,电极端子22与壁部211之间未形成电连接。
参见图5和图6所示,电极端子22为铆接于壁部211上的结构,也就是说,壁部211上设置有安装孔2111,安装孔2111沿壁部的厚度方向X贯穿壁部211的两侧,电极端子22穿设于安装孔2111内,且电极端子22具有位于壁部211面向电极组件23的一侧的第一夹持部221和位于壁部211背离电极组件23的一侧的第二夹持部222,壁部211的至少部分在壁部的厚度方向X上位于第一夹持部221和第二夹持部222之间,使得第一夹持部221和第二夹持部222能够配合夹持壁部211,以实现将电极端子22铆接于壁部211上。当然,在其他实施例中,电极端子22也可以是焊接或粘接于壁部211上的结构。
在一些实施例中,请继续参见图5和图6所示,电池单体20还可以包括第二绝缘件25和第三绝缘件26,第二绝缘件25位于壁部211面向电极组件23的一侧,且第二绝缘件25的部分位于第一夹持部221和壁部211之间,以绝缘隔离第一夹持部221和壁部211,第三绝缘件26位于壁部211背离电极组件23的一侧,且第三绝缘部的部分位于第二夹持部222和壁部211之间,以绝缘隔离第二夹持部222和壁部211。
在图6中,电池单体20还可以包括密封件27,密封件27设置于壁部211和电极端子22之间,且密封件27的至少部分延伸至安装孔2111内,使得密封件27的至少部分位于电极端子22和安装孔2111的孔壁面之间,以使密封件27能够密封电极端子22和安装孔2111的孔壁面之间的间隙,且使密封件27还能够绝缘隔离电极端子22和安装孔2111的孔壁面。
示例性地,密封件27的材质可以是多种,比如,橡胶、塑胶或硅胶等。
其中,参见图4和图5所示,第一极耳232与电极端子22电连接,第二极耳233与外壳21电连接,外壳21在壁部的厚度方向X上和壁部211相对设置的一个壁与第二极耳233电连接,示例性地,壁部211为壳体212的底壁2122,对应地,则为外壳21的端盖213与第二极耳233电连接,若端盖213为壁部211,则为壳体212的底壁2122与第二极耳233电连接。当然,在其他实施例中,电池单体20也可以包括两个电极端子22,两个电极端子22分别安装于外壳21在壁部的厚度方向X上的两端,且两个电极端子22分别与电极组件23在壁部的厚度方向X上位于两端的第一极耳232和第二极耳233电连接,以实现电池单体20的电能的输入或输出。
示例性地,电极端子22的材质也可以是多种,比如,电极端子22的材质可以是铜、铁、铝、钢或铝合金等。
在一些实施例中,参见图4、图5和图6所示,电池单体20还可以包括两个集流构件,两个集流构件分别为第一集流构件28和第二集流构件29,第一集流构件28和第二集流构件29均设置于外壳21内,第一集流构件28用于连接第一极耳232和电极端子22,第二集流构件29用于连接第二极耳233和外壳21,从而有利于降低第一极耳232与电极端子22之间以及第二极耳233与外壳21之间的装配难度。
其中,壁部211为壳体212的底壁2122,则第二集流构件29为连接第二极耳233和端盖213的结构。
示例性地,第一集流构件28和第二集流构件29的材质可以是多种,比如,第一集流构件28和第二集流构件29的材质可以是铜、铁、铝、钢或铝合金等。
在本申请实施例中,第一绝缘件24起到绝缘隔离第一极耳232和外壳21的作用,第一绝缘件24包括第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242,即第一绝缘件24由两部分组成。
第二绝缘部242围设于第一绝缘部241的周围,第二绝缘部242与第一绝缘部241共同限定出容纳空间243,也就是说,第一绝缘件24为在壁部的厚度方向X上的至少一端形成开放口的中空结构,使得第一绝缘件24能够从电极组件23靠近壁部211的一端套设于电极组件23上,即电极组件23形成第一极耳232的一端能够插设于第一绝缘件24内。
示例性地,参见图7和图8所示,第二绝缘部242在壁部的厚度方向X上靠近壁部211的一端与第一绝缘部241相连,以使第一绝缘件24为第二绝缘部242远离第一绝缘部241的一端形成开放口的中空结构。当然,在其他实施例中,第一绝缘部241也可以是连接于第二绝缘部242的内周面上,即第二绝缘部242在壁部的厚度方向X上靠近壁部211的一端超出第一绝缘部241面向壁部211的一侧。
沿壁部的厚度方向X,第一极耳232的至少部分插设于容纳空间243内,且第一绝缘部241位于壁部211和第一极耳232之间,也就是说,在壁部的厚度方向X上,壁部211和第一极耳232分别位于第一绝缘部241的两侧,且第二绝缘部242环绕于第一极耳232的外侧,即第二绝缘部242为环形结构,且第二绝缘部242环绕第一极耳232设置,以使第一绝缘件24能够绝缘隔离外壳21和第一极耳232。
示例性地,在图6和图7中,第一绝缘部241设置有供电极端子22插入的通孔2411,通孔2411沿壁部
的厚度方向X贯穿第一绝缘部241的两侧,以使通孔2411与容纳空间243连通,且电极端子22沿壁部的厚度方向X插设于通孔2411内并与第一极耳232电连接。
可选地,第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242可以是一体成型的结构,也可以是分体设置的结构,示例性地,在图7和图8中,第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242为一体成型的结构,即第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242为一体式结构,第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242可以通过注塑工艺等形成,当然,在其他实施例中,第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242也可以是分体设置的结构,第二绝缘部242靠近壁部211的一端可以通过粘接或卡接等结构连接于第一绝缘部241。
示例性地,第一绝缘件24的材质可以是多种,比如,橡胶、塑胶或硅胶等。
在一些实施例中,电池单体20还可以包括泄压机构,泄压机构设置于外壳21上,泄压机构用于在电池单体20的内部压力或温度达到预定值时泄放电池单体20的内部压力。
可选地,泄压机构可以是设置于外壳21的端盖213上,也可以是设置于外壳21的壳体212上。同样地,泄压机构与外壳21可以是一体成型的结构,也可以是分体设置的结构。若泄压机构与外壳21为分体式结构,则泄压机构可以通过焊接等方式连接于外壳21上,对应地,泄压机构可以是诸如防爆阀、防爆片、气阀、泄压阀或安全阀等泄压部件;若泄压机构与外壳21也可以为一体成型的结构,则泄压机构为外壳21上形成有薄弱结构的区域,比如,外壳21上设置有刻痕槽的区域。
在本实施例中,外壳21内设置有用于绝缘隔离第一极耳232与外壳21的第一绝缘件24,第一绝缘件24包括相互连接的第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242,第一绝缘部241设置于壁部211和第一极耳232之间,且第二绝缘部242围设于第一绝缘部241的周围,以使第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242共同形成有供第一极耳232插入的容纳空间243,采用这种结构的电池单体20一方面便于对第一绝缘件24进行装配,只需将电极组件23形成有第一极耳232的一端插设于第一绝缘件24的容纳空间243内即可完成第一绝缘件24与电极组件23之间的装配,有利于降低第一绝缘件24和电极组件23之间的装配难度,另一方面通过第一绝缘件24能够实现第一极耳232与外壳21之间的分隔,且能够提升第一绝缘件24绝缘隔离第一极耳232和外壳21的效果,从而能够降低电池单体20的短接风险,以提升电池单体20的使用可靠性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参见图4、图5、图6和图7所示,电池单体20还可以包括第一集流构件28。第一集流构件28沿壁部的厚度方向X设置于第一极耳232和第一绝缘部241之间,第一集流构件28与第一极耳232相连,第一绝缘部241设置有通孔2411,通孔2411与容纳空间243连通,电极端子22插设于通孔2411内并与第一集流构件28相连。
其中,第一集流构件28沿壁部的厚度方向X设置于第一极耳232和第一绝缘部241之间,也就是说,在壁部的厚度方向X上,第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241和电极组件23的第一极耳232分别位于第一集流构件28的两侧,以使第一集流构件28位于第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242共同限定的容纳空间243内。
第一绝缘部241设置有通孔2411,通孔2411与容纳空间243连通,也就是说,第一绝缘部241上的通孔2411为沿壁部的厚度方向X延伸的结构,且通孔2411在壁部的厚度方向X上贯穿第一绝缘部241的两侧,使得电极端子22能够通过通孔2411延伸至容纳空间243内,以使第一集流构件28能够连接电极端子22和第一极耳232。
需要说明的是,在其他实施例中,电极端子22也可以是未插设于通孔2411内的结构,比如,第一集流构件28面向壁部211的一侧形成有凸起,凸起沿壁部的厚度方向X插设于通孔2411内并与电极端子22相连,以实现电极端子22未插设于通孔2411内。
示例性地,第一集流构件28与第一极耳232之间的连接结构可以是多种,比如,焊接连接或抵接等,同样地,第一集流构件28与电极端子22之间的连接结构也可以是多种,比如,焊接连接或抵接等。
在本实施例中,外壳21内还设置有第一集流构件28,第一集流构件28设置于第一绝缘部241和第一极耳232之间,且第一绝缘部241设置有供电极端子22插入的通孔2411,使得第一集流构件28能够连接电极端子22和第一极耳232,采用这种结构的电池单体20一方面能够降低电极端子22与第一极耳232相互电连接的难度,以降低电池单体20的装配难度,另一方面使得第一集流构件28也位于第一绝缘件24的容纳空间243内,以使第一绝缘件24在实现绝缘隔离第一极耳232和外壳21的同时还能够绝缘隔离第一集流构件28和外壳21,有利于降低集流构件与外壳21之间的短接风险,进而能够进一步降低电池单体20的短接风险,以进一步提升电池单体20的使用可靠性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参见图6所示,第一绝缘部241与第一集流构件28相连。
示例性地,第一绝缘部241在壁部的厚度方向X上面向第一极耳232的一侧与第一集流构件28相互连接。
可选地,第一绝缘部241与第一集流构件28之间的连接结构可以是多种,比如,粘接、卡接或螺栓螺接等。
在本实施例中,通过将第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241与第一集流构件28相互连接,使得第一绝缘件24为固定于第一集流构件28上的结构,采用这种结构的电池单体20一方面能够提升第一绝缘件24装配至外壳21内的稳定性,有利于缓解第一绝缘件24在使用过程中出现窜动或移位等现象,以提升电池单体20的使用可靠性,另一方面能够实现先将第一绝缘件24、第一集流构件28以及电极组件23装配完成后再将形成的整体装配至外壳21内,从而能够减少第一绝缘件24与电极组件23之间的装配偏差,进而能够提升第一绝缘件24与电极组件23之间的装配质量,且在电极组件23装配至外壳21的过程中能够降低第一绝缘件24损坏电极组件23的风险,有利于提升电池单体20的生产质量。
在一些实施例中,参见图6所示,第一绝缘部241粘接连接于第一集流构件28。
其中,在壁部的厚度方向X上,第一绝缘部241和第一集流构件28之间设置有粘接层30,第一绝缘部241和第一集流构件28通过粘接层30相互粘接连接。示例性地,粘接层30可以是设置于第一绝缘部241和第一集流构件28之间的胶水、双面胶或热熔胶等。
在本实施例中,采用粘接连接的结构将第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241连接于第一集流构件28上,一方面能够降低第一绝缘件24与第一集流构件28之间的连接难度,以提升电池单体20的装配效率,另一方面能够实现第一绝缘件24与第一集流构件28之间的连接装配不影响第一集流构件28,有利于减少第一集流构件28被损坏的现象。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参见图5和图6所示,电池单体20还可以包括第二绝缘件25。第二绝缘件25的至少部分设置于壁部211和第一绝缘部241之间,第二绝缘件25被配置为绝缘隔离第一集流构件28和壁部211。沿壁部的厚度方向X,第二绝缘件25背离壁部211的一侧凸设有限位部251,限位部251插设于通孔2411内,且限位部251位于电极端子22和通孔2411的孔壁面之间。
其中,第二绝缘件25的至少部分设置于壁部211和第一绝缘部241之间,即第二绝缘件25的至少部分延伸至壁部211和第一绝缘部241之间,使得在壁部的厚度方向X上,壁部211和第一绝缘部241分别位于第二绝缘件25的两侧。
限位部251插设于通孔2411内,且限位部251位于电极端子22和通孔2411的孔壁面之间,也就是说,限位部251的至少部分沿壁部的厚度方向X延伸至第一绝缘部241的通孔2411内,且限位部251位于电极端子22插设于通孔2411内的部分的外周面与通孔2411的孔壁面之间。
示例性地,第二绝缘件25的材质可以是多种,比如,橡胶、塑胶或硅胶等。
可选地,第二绝缘件25的洛氏硬度大于或等于50HRC,且小于或等于100HRC。
在本实施例中,外壳21内还设置有第二绝缘件25,且第二绝缘件25的至少部分位于壁部211和第一绝缘部241之间,以通过第二绝缘件25还能够进一步分隔壁部211和第一集流构件28,从而能够进一步提升壁部211和第一集流构件28之间相互绝缘隔离的效果,其中,通过在第二绝缘件25背离壁部211的一侧凸设限位部251,且限位部251插设于第一绝缘部241的通孔2411内,从而使得第二绝缘件25的限位部251还能够对第一绝缘件24起到一定的限位和定位作用,有利于进一步减少第一绝缘件24在使用过程中出现窜动或移位的现象,且能够提升第一绝缘件24装配至外壳21内的稳定性和质量。
在一些实施例中,参见图6所示,限位部251环绕电极端子22设置。也就是说,限位部251为沿通孔2411的孔壁面的周向延伸的环形结构,且限位部251同时也为环绕于电极端子22插设于通孔2411内的部分的外侧的环形结构。
在本实施例中,通过将限位部251设置为环绕电极端子22设置的环形结构,使得限位部251为沿通孔2411的孔壁面的周向延伸的环形结构,有利于进一步提升第二绝缘件25的限位部251对第一绝缘件24进行限位和定位的效果,从而能够进一步提升第一绝缘件24与第二绝缘件25之间的装配质量。
在一些实施例中,参见图6所示,第二绝缘件25固定连接于第一绝缘件24。
示例性地,第二绝缘件25与第一绝缘件24相互固定连接的结构可以是多种,比如,粘接或热熔连接等。
在本实施例中,通过将第一绝缘件24与第二绝缘件25固定连接,有利于提升第一绝缘件24和第二绝缘件25装配至外壳21内的结构稳定性,且能够进一步减少第一绝缘件24在使用过程中出现窜动或移位的现象。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参照图9和图10,图9为本申请又一些实施例提供的电池单体20的剖视图,图10为图9所示的电池单体20的B处的局部放大图。电池单体20还可以包括第二绝缘件25,第二绝缘件25的至少部分沿壁部的厚度方向X设置于壁部211面向电极组件23的一侧。沿壁部的厚度方向X,第一绝缘部241的至少部分位于第二绝缘件25与壁部211之间,第二绝缘件25与壁部211被配置为配合夹持第一绝缘部241。
其中,电极端子22具有第一夹持部221,沿壁部的厚度方向X,第一夹持部221位于壁部211面向电极组件23的一侧,也就是说,电极端子22的部分在壁部的厚度方向X上位于壁部211面向电极组件23的一侧上,对应地,电极端子22还具有在壁部的厚度方向X上位于壁部211背离电极组件23的一侧上第二夹持部222,第二夹持部222和第一夹持部221被配置为配合夹持壁部211,以实现将电极端子22装配和紧固于壁部211上。
示例性地,第二绝缘件25的至少部分设置于壁部211和第一夹持部221之间,壁部211和第一夹持部221被配置为配合夹持第二绝缘件25,也就是说,第二绝缘件25设置于外壳21内,且第二绝缘件25的至少部分延伸至壁部211和电极端子22的第一夹持部221之间,使得壁部211和电极端子22的第一夹持部221能够共同对第二绝缘件25进行夹持固定,以将第二绝缘件25装配和紧固于壁部211上。需要说明的是,在其他实施例中,第二绝缘件25也可以是粘接、卡接或螺栓螺接于壁部211上的结构,还可以是粘接、卡接或螺栓螺接于电极端子22上的结构。
第一绝缘部241的至少部分位于第二绝缘件25与壁部211之间,也就是说,第一绝缘部241的至少部分延伸至壁部211和第二绝缘件25之间,使得壁部211和第二绝缘件25能够共同对第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241进行夹持固定,以将第一绝缘件24装配和紧固于壁部211上。需要说明的是,在其他实施例中,第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241也可以是通过粘接或螺栓螺接等结构直接装配和紧固于壁部211上的结构。
在本实施例中,第二绝缘件25设置于壁部211面向电极组件23的一侧,且第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241的至少部分位于第二绝缘件25和壁部211之间,使得第二绝缘件25和壁部211还能够配合对第一绝缘部241进行装配,以实现将第一绝缘件24紧固于外壳21内,采用这种结构的电池单体20一方面能够提升第一绝缘件24装配至外壳21内的稳定性,有利于缓解第一绝缘件24在使用过程中出现窜动或移位等现象,以提升电池单体20的使用可靠性,且能够降低第一绝缘件24紧固于外壳21内的难度,以降低电池单体20的装配难度,另一方面能
够通过第二绝缘件25先将第一绝缘件24固定于外壳21内,使得在电极组件23装配至外壳21的过程中能够降低因第一绝缘件24出现移位而损坏电极组件23的风险,有利于提升电池单体20的生产质量。
在一些实施例中,请继续参见图9和图10所示,电池单体20还可以包括第一集流构件28。第一集流构件28设置于第一极耳232和壁部211之间,第一集流构件28连接电极端子22和第一极耳232。沿壁部的厚度方向X,第二绝缘件25位于壁部211和第一集流构件28之间,第二绝缘件25还被配置为绝缘隔离壁部211和第一集流构件28。
其中,第一集流构件28设置于第一极耳232和壁部211之间,第一集流构件28连接电极端子22和第一极耳232,也就是说,在壁部的厚度方向X上,壁部211和电极组件23分别位于第一集流构件28的两侧,且第一集流构件28起到连接电极端子22和电极组件23的第一极耳232的作用,以实现电极端子22和电极组件23之间的电连接。
第二绝缘件25位于壁部211和第一集流构件28之间,即在壁部的厚度方向X上,壁部211和第一集流构件28分别位于第二绝缘件25的两侧,对应地,由于第一绝缘部241的至少部分延伸至第二绝缘件25和壁部211之间,使得第二绝缘件25的部分位于第一绝缘部241面向第一极耳232的一侧,且使得第一集流构件28位于第一绝缘部241面向第一极耳232的一侧,以使第二绝缘件25的部分位于第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242共同限定的容纳空间243内,对应地,第一集流构件28也位于第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242共同限定的容纳空间243内。
在图10中,第一绝缘部241设置有通孔2411,通孔2411沿壁部的厚度方向X贯穿第一绝缘部241的两侧,电极端子22穿设于通孔2411内并与第一集流构件28相互连接,且第二绝缘件25的部分也穿设于通孔2411内,使得第二绝缘件25的部分能够位于第一绝缘部241面向第一极耳232的一侧。
在本实施例中,外壳21内还设置有第一集流构件28,第一集流构件28设置于第一极耳232和壁部211之间,使得第一集流构件28能够连接电极端子22和第一极耳232,有利于降低电极端子22与第一极耳232相互电连接的难度,此外,通过将第一集流构件28设置于第二绝缘件25背离壁部211的一侧,使得第一集流构件28与壁部211之间既设置有第二绝缘件25,还能够使得第一集流构件28也位于第一绝缘件24的容纳空间243内,从而在实现第一绝缘件24绝缘隔离第一极耳232和外壳21的同时还能够实现第一绝缘件24和第二绝缘件25对第一集流构件28和外壳21绝缘隔离,有利于降低第一集流构件28与外壳21之间的短接风险,进而能够进一步降低电池单体20的短接风险,以进一步提升电池单体20的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中,参见图10所示,第二绝缘件25固定连接于第一绝缘件24。
示例性地,第二绝缘件25与第一绝缘件24相互固定连接的结构可以是多种,比如,粘接或热熔连接等。
在本实施例中,通过将第一绝缘件24与第二绝缘件25固定连接,一方面能够进一步提升第一绝缘件24设置于壁部211和第二绝缘件25之间的结构稳定性,以进一步减少第一绝缘件24在使用过程中出现窜动或移位的现象,另一方面能够便于将第一绝缘件24和第二绝缘件25先固定装配后一起装配至外壳21内,有利于降低第一绝缘件24装配至第二绝缘件25和壁部211之间的难度,且在装配第一绝缘件24的过程中能够缓解第一绝缘件24出现晃动或移位的现象,有利于提升第一绝缘件24的装配质量。
需要说明的是,电池单体20的结构并不仅仅局限于此,在一些实施例中,参照图11和图12,图11为本申请再一些实施例提供的电池单体20的剖视图,图12为图11所示的电池单体20的C处的局部放大图。电池单体20还可以是其他结构,比如,壁部211上设置有安装孔2111,安装孔2111沿壁部的厚度方向X贯穿壁部211,电极端子22的部分穿设于安装孔2111内。电极端子22具有第一夹持部221,沿壁部的厚度方向X,第一夹持部221位于壁部211面向电极组件23的一侧。第一绝缘部241的至少部分设置于壁部211和第一夹持部221之间,以绝缘隔离壁部211和第一夹持部221,第一夹持部221被配置为与壁部211配合夹持第一绝缘部241。
其中,第一绝缘部241的至少部分设置于壁部211和第一夹持部221之间,也就是说,电极端子22的第一夹持部221和壁部211为直接夹持第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241的结构,以将第一绝缘件24装配和紧固于壁部211上,从而使得第一绝缘件24还能够起到绝缘隔离第一夹持部221和壁部211的作用,进而能够取消在第一夹持部221和壁部211之间设置第二绝缘件25。
在本实施例中,电极端子22在壁部的厚度方向X上具有位于壁部211面向电极组件23的一侧的第一夹持部221,且第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241的至少部分位于第一夹持部221和壁部211之间,使得第一夹持部221和壁部211还能够配合对第一绝缘部241进行装配,以将第一绝缘件24紧固于外壳21内,采用这种结构的电池单体20一方面使得第一绝缘件24在实现第一极耳232与外壳21之间的绝缘隔离的同时还能够实现对第一夹持部221和壁部211进行绝缘隔离,从而无需在第一夹持部221和壁部211之间单独设置绝缘的部件,有利于降低电池单体20的制造成本,另一方面能够提升第一绝缘件24装配至外壳21内的稳定性,有利于缓解第一绝缘件24在使用过程中出现窜动或移位等现象,以提升电池单体20的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中,参见图12所示,电池单体20还可以包括密封件27,密封件27的设置于电极端子22与壁部211之间,以密封电极端子22与壁部211之间的间隙。密封件27的至少部分位于壁部211和第一夹持部221之间,且密封件27与第一绝缘部241抵接。
其中,电极端子22的主体沿壁部的厚度方向X穿设于安装孔2111内,第一夹持部221和第二夹持部222分别连接于电极端子22的主体在壁部的厚度方向X上的两端,且第一夹持部221和第二夹持部222均超出电极端子22的主体的外周面,使得第一夹持部221和第二夹持部222分别位于壁部211的两侧。
密封件27的至少部分位于壁部211和第一夹持部221之间,即密封件27可以是整体或部分在壁部的厚度方向X上位于壁部211和第一夹持部221之间,以使壁部211和第一夹持部221能够配合夹持密封件27的至少
部分,示例性地,在图12中,密封件27的部分位于壁部211和第一夹持部221之间。
示例性地,在图12中,密封件27与第一绝缘部241沿第二绝缘部的径向Y相互抵接,当然,在其他实施例中,密封件27与第一绝缘部241也可以是沿壁部的厚度方向X相互抵接的结构。
需要说明的是,第二绝缘部的径向Y为:在垂直于壁部的厚度方向X的平面内,第二绝缘部242的中心位置指向第二绝缘部242的外周面的方向或第二绝缘部242的外周面指向第二绝缘部242的中心位置的方向。
可选地,密封件27的部分设置于电极端子22与安装孔2111的孔壁面之间,密封件27能够密封电极端子22与安装孔2111的孔壁面之间的间隙,以实现密封件27密封电极端子22与壁部211之间的间隙。当然,在其他实施例中,密封件27也可以是整体均位于壁部211和第一夹持部221之间的结构,使得密封件27通过密封壁部211和第一夹持部221之间的间隙来实现间接密封电极端子22与安装孔2111的孔壁面之间的间隙。
在本实施例中,电极端子22与安装孔2111的孔壁面之间设置有密封件27,使得密封件27能够密封电极端子22与安装孔2111的孔壁面之间的间隙,以缓解电池单体20在使用过程中的漏液风险,其中,通过将密封件27的至少部分设置于壁部211和第一夹持部221之间,从而在密封件27起到密封作用的同时,一方面还能够通过第一夹持部221和壁部211还能够对密封件27起到夹持作用,以提升密封件27装配至电极端子22和安装孔2111的孔壁面之间的结构稳定性和可靠性,另一方面通过将密封件27与第一绝缘部241设置为相互抵接的结构,以减少密封件27与第一绝缘部241之间出现间隙的现象,有利于提升第一绝缘部241和密封件27配合绝缘隔离第一夹持部221和壁部211的效果,进而能够进一步降低第一夹持部221与壁部211之间的短接风险,以提升电池单体20的使用可靠性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,电池单体20还可以是其他结构,比如,壁部211上设置有安装孔2111,安装孔2111沿壁部的厚度方向X贯穿壁部211,电极端子22固定于安装孔2111,且电极端子22具有第一夹持部221,第一夹持部221位于壁部211面向电极组件23的一侧。电池单体20还可以包括密封件27,密封件27的至少部分位于壁部211和第一夹持部221之间,且在与壁部的厚度方向X垂直的方向上,密封件27超出第一夹持部221的外周面并与第一绝缘部241抵接。
其中,密封件27在与壁部的厚度方向X垂直的方向上超出第一夹持部221的外周面,也就是说,密封件27沿与壁部的厚度方向X垂直的方向延伸出第一夹持部221的外周面,使得第一夹持部221的外周面在壁部的厚度方向X上的投影位于密封件27内。示例性地,密封件27在第二绝缘部的径向Y上超出第一夹持部221的外周面。
密封件27与第一绝缘部241抵接,可选地,密封件27与第一绝缘部241可以是沿第二绝缘部的径向Y相互抵接的结构,也可以是沿壁部的厚度方向X相互抵接的结构。
在本实施例中,通过将密封件27的至少部分设置于壁部211和第一夹持部221之间,且将密封件27设置于在与壁部的厚度方向X垂直的方向上延伸出第一夹持部221的结构,以提升密封件27绝缘分隔第一夹持部221和壁部211的效果,此外,通过将密封件27设置于为第一绝缘部241相互抵接的结构,以减少密封件27与第一绝缘部241之间出现间隙的现象,从而无需在第一夹持部221和壁部211之间单独设置绝缘的部件,有利于降低电池单体20的制造成本,且有利于提升第一绝缘部241和密封件27配合绝缘隔离第一夹持部221和壁部211的效果,进而能够降低第一夹持部221与壁部211之间的短接风险,以提升电池单体20的使用可靠性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参见图5和图6、图9和图10以及图11和图12所示,电极端子22还具有第二夹持部222,沿壁部的厚度方向X,第二夹持部222位于壁部211背离电极组件23的一侧,第二夹持部222和第一夹持部221被配置为配合夹持壁部211,以将电极端子22紧固于壁部211上。
其中,电极端子22还具有第二夹持部222,沿壁部的厚度方向X,第二夹持部222位于壁部211背离电极组件23的一侧,也就是说,电极端子22的部分穿设于安装孔2111内,且电极端子22的第一夹持部221和第二夹持部222在壁部的厚度方向X上分别位于壁部211的两侧,第一夹持部221位于外壳21的内部,第二夹持部222位于外壳21的外部,以使第一夹持部221和第二夹持部222能够配合夹持壁部211,以将电极端子22装配和紧固于壁部211上。
示例性地,第一夹持部221和第二夹持部222均为电极端子22铆接翻边形成的结构,使得第一夹持部221和第二夹持部222均为凸设于电极端子22插设于安装孔2111内的部分的外周面上的结构。
需要说明的是,第一夹持部221和第二夹持部222可以是直接夹持壁部211的结构,即第一夹持部221和第二夹持部222直接与壁部211抵接,当然,第一夹持部221和第二夹持部222可以是间接夹持壁部211的结构,即第一夹持部221和壁部211之间还设置有其他部件,比如,第二绝缘件25设置于第一夹持部221和壁部211之间,以通过第二绝缘件25绝缘隔离第一夹持部221和壁部211,同样地,第二夹持部222和壁部211之间还设置有其他部件,比如,第三绝缘件26设置于第二夹持部222和壁部211之间,以通过第三绝缘件26绝缘隔离第二夹持部222和壁部211。
在本实施例中,电极端子22还设置有第二夹持部222,且第二夹持部222位于壁部211背离电极组件23的一侧,使得电极端子22的第一夹持部221和第二夹持部222分别位于壁部211的两侧,从而通过第一夹持部221和第二夹持部222配合夹持壁部211能够实现将电极端子22装配和紧固于壁部211上,结构简单,便于装配,有利于降低电极端子22装配至壁部211上的难度,且有利于提升电极端子22装配至壁部211上的稳定性和牢靠性。
在一些实施例中,请继续参见图5和图6、图9和图10以及图11和图12所示,电池单体20还可以包括第三绝缘件26,第三绝缘件26至少部分设置于壁部211和第二夹持部222之间,以绝缘隔离壁部211和第二夹持部222。
其中,第三绝缘件26至少部分设置于壁部211和第二夹持部222之间,也就是说,第三绝缘件26可以是整体均位于壁部211和第二夹持部222之间,也可以是仅部分位于壁部211和第二夹持部222之间,示例性地,在图6和图10中,第三绝缘件26的部分延伸至壁部211和第二夹持部222之间,以使第三绝缘件26能够绝缘分
隔壁部211和第二夹持部222。
示例性地,第三绝缘件26的材质可以是多种,比如,塑胶、橡胶或硅胶等。
可选地,第三绝缘件26的洛氏硬度大于或等于50HRC,且小于或等于100HRC。
在本实施例中,电池单体20还设置有第三绝缘件26,且第三绝缘件26的至少部分位于壁部211和电极端子22的第二夹持部222之间,使得第三绝缘件26能够实现壁部211与电极端子22的第二夹持部222之间的绝缘隔离,有利于降低第二夹持部222与壁部211之间的短接风险,以提升电池单体20的使用可靠性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参见图6、图10和图12所示,电极组件23可以包括第一极片、第二极片和隔离膜234,第一极片和第二极片的极性相反,第一极片包括第一主体和第一极耳232,第一极耳232连接于第一主体在壁部的厚度方向X上靠近壁部211的一端,隔离膜234的部分设置于第一极片和第二极片之间,以分隔第一极片和第二极片,且隔离膜234的部分绕沿壁部的厚度方向X延伸的轴线包覆于电极组件23的主体部231的外侧,以分隔电极组件23的主体部231和外壳21。沿壁部的厚度方向X,第一极耳232超出隔离膜234靠近壁部211的一端,且隔离膜234包覆于电极组件23的外侧的部分靠近壁部211的一端插设于容纳空间243内。
其中,隔离膜234的部分绕沿壁部的厚度方向X延伸的轴线包覆于电极组件23的主体部231的外侧,也就是说,隔离膜234收尾的部分继续沿电极组件23的周向延长并环绕设置于电极组件23的外周侧上。
沿壁部的厚度方向X,第一极耳232超出隔离膜234靠近壁部211的一端,且隔离膜234包覆于电极组件23的外侧的部分靠近壁部211的一端插设于容纳空间243内,也就是说,隔离膜234包覆于主体部231的外侧的部分在壁部的厚度方向X上的一端插设于第一绝缘件24的容纳空间243内,且第一极耳232为在壁部的厚度方向X上超出隔离膜234的结构,隔离膜234位于第一极片和第二极片之间的部分主要起到分隔第一极片的第一主体和第二极片的第二主体的作用。
在本实施例中,用于分隔第一极片和第二极片的隔离膜234的部分环绕且包覆于电极组件23的外侧,以使隔离膜234还能够起到绝缘隔离第一极片和外壳21以及第二极片和外壳21的作用,通过将第一极耳232设置为在壁部的厚度方向X上超出隔离膜234靠近壁部211的一端,以便于第一极耳232与电极端子22电连接,有利于降低第一极耳232与电极端子22之间的装配难度,且在第一极耳232和电极端子22相互装配连接时能够降低损坏隔离膜234的风险。此外,通过将隔离膜234包覆于电极组件23的外侧的部分在壁部的厚度方向X上设置为插设于第一绝缘件24的容纳空间243内,使得第二绝缘部242的部分与隔离膜234的部分相互重叠,从而能够提升第一绝缘件24的第二绝缘部242和隔离膜234配合绝缘隔离第一极片和外壳21以及第二极片和外壳21的效果,以降低第一极耳232的部分裸露后与外壳21搭接的风险,一方面能够进一步提升电池单体20的使用可靠性,另一方面无需在电极组件23的外侧再进一步包覆绝缘膜等结构,有利于降低电池单体20的制造成本,且有利于优化电池单体20的生产工艺。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参见图4、图6、图10和图12所示,外壳21还具有侧壁2123,侧壁2123围设于壁部211的周围,第二绝缘部242的外周面与侧壁2123的内周面过盈配合。
其中,侧壁2123围设于壁部211的周围,也就是说,侧壁2123为环绕壁部211设置的环形结构。
第二绝缘部242的外周面与侧壁2123的内周面过盈配合,也就是说,在第一绝缘件24装配至外壳21内之间,第一绝缘件24的第二绝缘部242的外周面的径向尺寸大于侧壁2123的内周面的径向尺寸,使得第一绝缘件24的第二绝缘部242沿壁部的厚度方向X插设于外壳21内后,第一绝缘件24的第二绝缘部242的外周面能够抵接于侧壁2123的内周面上,且第一绝缘件24的第二绝缘部242能够发生径向变形。
在本实施例中,通过将第二绝缘部242的外周面与侧壁2123的内周面设置为过盈配合的结构,使得第一绝缘件24为紧固于外壳21内的结构,从而能够提升第一绝缘件24装配至外壳21内的稳定性,有利于缓解第一绝缘件24在使用过程中出现窜动或移位等现象,以提升电池单体20的使用可靠性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参见图6、图7和图8所示,沿壁部的厚度方向X,第二绝缘部242的一端与第一绝缘部241相连,另一端设置有缺口2421,缺口2421贯穿第二绝缘部242的内周面和外周面。
其中,第二绝缘部242的一端与第一绝缘部241相连,另一端设置有缺口2421,也就是说,第二绝缘部242在壁部的厚度方向X上远离第一绝缘部241的一端的端面上设置有缺口2421。
缺口2421贯穿第二绝缘部242的内周面和外周面,即缺口2421为沿第二绝缘部的径向Y延伸的结构,且缺口2421在第二绝缘部的径向Y上的两端分别延伸至第二绝缘部242的内周面和第二绝缘部242的外周面上。
在本实施例中,通过在第二绝缘部242在壁部的厚度方向X上远离第一绝缘部241的一端设置缺口2421,且缺口2421为贯穿第二绝缘部242的内周面和外周面的结构,从而使得第二绝缘部242在第二绝缘部的径向Y上更容易变形,以便于将第一绝缘件24装配至外壳21内,进而能够降低第二绝缘部242与侧壁2123相互过盈配合的难度,以降低第一绝缘件24装配至外壳21内的难度,有利于提升电池单体20的装配效率。
在一些实施例中,参见图7所示,第二绝缘部242设置有多个缺口2421,多个缺口2421沿第二绝缘部242的周向间隔排布。
在本实施例中,通过在第二绝缘部242上设置沿第二绝缘部242的周向间隔排布的多个缺口2421,以进一步提升第二绝缘部242在第二绝缘部的径向Y上的变形能力,从而能够进一步降低第二绝缘部242与侧壁2123相互过盈配合的难度,以进一步降低第一绝缘件24装配至外壳21内的难度。
根据本申请的一些实施例,结合图6、图7和图8所示,电极组件23可以包括第一极片、第二极片和隔离膜234,第一极片和第二极片的极性相反,第一极片包括第一主体和第一极耳232,第一极耳232连接于第一主体在壁部的厚度方向X上靠近壁部211的一端,隔离膜234的部分设置于第一极片和第二极片之间,以分隔第一极片和第二极片,且隔离膜234的部分包覆于电极组件23的外侧。沿第二绝缘部的径向Y,缺口2421的投影位于隔离膜234包覆于电极组件23的外侧的部分内,第二绝缘部的径向Y与壁部的厚度方向X垂直。
其中,沿第二绝缘部的径向Y,缺口2421的投影位于隔离膜234包覆于电极组件23的外侧的部分内,也就是说,隔离膜234在第二绝缘部的径向Y上覆盖和遮盖缺口2421。
在本实施例中,通过将第二绝缘部242上的缺口2421在第二绝缘部的径向Y上的投影设置为位于隔离膜234包覆于电极组件23的外侧的部分内,以使隔离膜234包覆于电极组件23的外侧的部分为在第二绝缘部的径向Y上覆盖且遮挡缺口2421的结构,从而能够减少第一极耳232从缺口2421处漏出后与外壳21相互搭接的现象,以降低电池单体20出现内部短路的风险,进而有利于提升电池单体20的使用可靠性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,第二绝缘部242具有弹性,且第二绝缘部242被配置为能够沿与壁部的厚度方向X垂直的方向变形。也就是说,第二绝缘部242在受到外力时能够沿与壁部的厚度方向X垂直的方向发生弹性形变。
示例性地,第二绝缘部242被配置为能够沿第二绝缘部的径向Y变形。
在本实施例中,通过将第二绝缘部242设置为具有弹性的结构,且将第二绝缘部242设置为能够沿与壁部的厚度方向X垂直的方向发生变形,一方面便于将第一绝缘件24装配至外壳内,有利于降低第一绝缘件24装配至外壳21内的难度,以提升电池单体20的装配效率,另一方面能够实现将第二绝缘部242的外周面与侧壁2123的内周面设置为过盈配合的结构,以使第一绝缘件24为紧固于外壳21内的结构,有利于进一步提升第一绝缘件24装配至外壳21内的稳定性,且有利于缓解第一绝缘件24在使用过程中出现窜动或移位等现象,以提升电池单体20的使用可靠性。
在一些实施例中,第二绝缘部242的洛氏硬度小于外壳21的洛氏硬度。
示例性地,第二绝缘部242的材质为塑料、塑胶或橡胶等,外壳21的材质为铜、铁、铝、钢或铝合金等。
在本实施例中,通过将第二绝缘部242的洛氏硬度设置为小于外壳21的洛氏硬度,以缓解第二绝缘部242在装配至外壳21的过程中对外壳21造成刮伤或磨损的现象,从而有利于减少外壳21出现拉丝或毛刺的风险,以提升电池单体20的生产质量。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参见图8所示,沿壁部的厚度方向X,第二绝缘部242的外周面的至少部分的径向尺寸从远离第一绝缘部241的一端到靠近第一绝缘部241的一端逐渐减小。也就是说,第二绝缘部242的外周面为从靠近第一绝缘部241的一端到远离第一绝缘部241的一端向外倾斜的结构。
在本实施例中,通过将第二绝缘部242的外周面的至少部分的径向尺寸从远离第一绝缘部241的一端到靠近第一绝缘部241的一端设置为逐渐减小的结构,以使第二绝缘部242的外周面能够在第一绝缘件24的第二绝缘部242装配至外壳21内的过程中起到一定的导向作用,有利于降低第二绝缘部242与外壳21相互装配的难度,从而能够提升电池单体20的装配效率。
在一些实施例中,请继续参见图8所示,第二绝缘部242的外周面的最大径向尺寸L1,且第二绝缘部242的外周面的最小径向尺寸为L2,0<L1-L2≤6mm。
示例性地,第二绝缘部242的外周面的最大径向尺寸L1与第二绝缘部242的外周面的最小径向尺寸L2的差值可以是0.1mm、0.2mm、0.3mm、0.5mm、0.8mm、1mm、1.2mm、1.5mm、1.8mm、2mm、2.5mm、3mm、3.5mm、4mm、4.5mm、5mm、5.5mm或6mm等。
在本实施例中,通过将第二绝缘部242的外周面的最大径向尺寸和第二绝缘部242的外周面的最小径向尺寸的差值设置为大于0且小于或等于6mm,以缓解第二绝缘部242的外周面的倾斜角度过大而造成第一绝缘件24装配至外壳21内的难度过大的现象,有利于降低第二绝缘部242与侧壁2123相互过盈配合装配的难度,从而能够有效提升电池单体20的装配效率。
在一些实施例中,参见图6所示,外壳21还具有侧壁2123,侧壁2123围设于壁部211的周围,第二绝缘部242的外周面与侧壁2123的内周面抵接。第二绝缘部242的外周面的至少部分与侧壁2123在与壁部的厚度方向X垂直的方向上的间距从远离第一绝缘部241的一端到靠近第一绝缘部241的一端逐渐增大。即第二绝缘部242的外周面的至少部分与侧壁2123在第二绝缘部的径向Y上的间距从远离第一绝缘部241的一端到靠近第一绝缘部241的一端逐渐增大,也就是说,第二绝缘部242的外周面的至少部分与侧壁2123之间的间隙的尺寸从远离第一绝缘部241的一端到靠近第一绝缘部241的一端逐渐增大。
在本实施例中,通过将第二绝缘部242的外周面的至少部分与侧壁2123在与壁部的厚度方向X垂直的方向上的间距从远离第一绝缘部241的一端到靠近第一绝缘部241的一端设置为逐渐增大的结构,以便于将第二绝缘部242连接有第一绝缘部241的一端先插设于外壳21的侧壁2123内,有利于降低第二绝缘部242与侧壁2123相互装配的难度,从而能够提升电池单体20的装配效率。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参见图6、图10和图12所示,电极组件23包括第一极片,第一极片包括第一主体和第一极耳232,第一极耳232可以包括根部2321和层叠部2322,沿壁部的厚度方向X,根部2321连接于第一主体靠近壁部211的一端,层叠部2322连接于根部2321靠近壁部211的一端,层叠部2322与电极端子22电连接,且层叠部2322整体位于容纳空间243内。
其中,层叠部2322为第一极耳232通过揉平工艺或抚平工艺形成的部分,且层叠部2322为第一极耳232用于与第一集流构件28相互连接的部分,层叠部2322形成于第一极耳232在壁部的厚度方向X上面向壁部211的一端,而根部2321为第一极耳232中未被揉平或抚平的部分,根部2321起到连接层叠部2322和第一极片的第一主体的作用,在第一极片的第一主体和第二极片的第二主体相互卷绕形成主体部231的实施例中,则根部2321连接于电极组件23的主体部231在壁部的厚度方向X上靠近壁部211的一端。
层叠部2322整体位于容纳空间243内,也就是说,在壁部的厚度方向X上层叠部2322未超出容纳空间243,也未超出第二绝缘部242远离第一绝缘部241的一端,即在第二绝缘部的径向Y上,层叠部2322的投影位于
第二绝缘部242内。
需要说明的是,在电极组件23还包括隔离膜234的实施例中,隔离膜234在壁部的厚度方向X上靠近壁部211的一端位于根部2321内,使得第一极耳232的层叠部2322为超出隔离膜234在壁部的厚度方向X上靠近壁部211的一端的结构。
在本实施例中,通过将第一极耳232中用于与电极端子22电连接的层叠部2322设置为整体均容纳于容纳空间243内,使得层叠部2322在第二绝缘部的径向Y上的投影整体位于第二绝缘部242内,从而能够提升第一绝缘件24绝缘隔离第一极耳232的层叠部2322和外壳21的效果,以降低第一极耳232与外壳21发生短接的风险。
在一些实施例中,请继续参见图6、图10和图12所示,沿与壁部的厚度方向X垂直的方向,第二绝缘部242的投影与第一主体的投影不重叠。
其中,沿与壁部的厚度方向X垂直的方向,第二绝缘部242的投影与第一主体的投影不重叠,也就是说,第二绝缘部242在壁部的厚度方向X上未超出第一极耳232的根部2321连接于第一主体的一端,使得第二绝缘部242在第二绝缘部的径向Y上的投影与第一主体在第二绝缘部的径向Y上的投影不重叠,需要说明的是,在第一极片的第一主体和第二极片的第二主体相互卷绕形成主体部231的实施例中,则第二绝缘部242在壁部的厚度方向X上未延伸至主体部231和侧壁2123之间。
在本实施例中,通过将第二绝缘部242与第一极片的第一主体在与壁部的厚度方向X垂直的方向上的投影设置为互不重叠,使得第二绝缘部242为在壁部的厚度方向X上未延伸至外壳21与第一极片的第一主体之间的结构,从而能够减少第二绝缘部242与第一极片的第一主体之间的干涉影响,且能够降低第二绝缘部242划伤或损伤第一极片的第一主体的风险,以提升电池单体20的使用稳定性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参见图8所示,沿壁部的厚度方向X,第一绝缘部241的厚度大于或等于0.3mm,且小于或等于1.2mm。也就是说,在图8中,第一绝缘部241在壁部的厚度方向X上的厚度为D1,满足,0.3mm≤D1≤1.2mm,即第一绝缘部241的壁厚为D1。
示例性地,第一绝缘部241在壁部的厚度方向X上的厚度D1可以是0.3mm、0.32mm、0.35mm、0.4mm、0.45mm、0.5mm、0.55mm、0.6mm、0.65mm、0.7mm、0.75mm、0.8mm、0.85mm、0.9mm、0.95mm、1mm、1.05mm、1.1mm、1.15mm或1.2mm等。
需要说明的是,第一绝缘部241的厚度D1为第一绝缘部241中大部分平整的区域在壁部的厚度方向X上的厚度,不考虑第一绝缘部241中局部凸出或凹陷的区域。
在本实施例中,第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241的厚度为0.3mm到1.2mm,一方面通过将第一绝缘部241的厚度设置为大于或等于0.3mm,以提升第一绝缘部241的结构强度,有利于提升第一绝缘部241绝缘隔离第一极耳232和外壳21的效果,且有利于缓解第一绝缘部241在使用过程中出现损坏或起翘等现象,从而能够有效提升第一绝缘部241绝缘隔离第一极耳232和外壳21的稳定性和可靠性,另一方面通过将第一绝缘部241的厚度设置为小于或等于1.2mm,以缓解第一绝缘部241在外壳21内占用的空间过多的现象,从而能够提高外壳21内部的空间利用率,以提升电池单体20的能量密度。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参见图8所示,沿第二绝缘部的径向Y,第二绝缘部242的最小厚度大于或等于0.05mm,且小于或等于0.5mm。也就是说,在图8中,第二绝缘部242在第二绝缘部的径向Y上的最小厚度为D2,满足,0.05mm≤D2≤0.5mm,即第二绝缘部242的最小壁厚为D2。
示例性地,第二绝缘部242在第二绝缘部的径向Y上的最小厚度D2可以是0.05mm、0.06mm、0.08mm、0.1mm、0.12mm、0.15mm、0.2mm、0.25mm、0.3mm、0.35mm、0.4mm、0.45mm、0.48mm或0.5mm等。
在本实施例中,第一绝缘件24的第二绝缘部242的最小厚度为0.05mm到0.5mm,一方面通过将第二绝缘部242的最小厚度设置为大于或等于0.05mm,以提升第二绝缘部242的结构强度,有利于提升第二绝缘部242绝缘隔离第一极耳232和外壳21的效果,且有利于缓解第二绝缘部242在使用过程中出现损坏或起翘等现象,从而能够有效提升第二绝缘部242绝缘隔离第一极耳232和外壳21的稳定性和可靠性,另一方面通过将第二绝缘部242的最小厚度设置为小于或等于0.5mm,以缓解第二绝缘部242在外壳21内占用的空间过多的现象,从而能够提高外壳21内部的空间利用率,以提升电池单体20的能量密度。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参见图7和图8所示,第一绝缘部241与第二绝缘部242一体成型,即第一绝缘部241与第二绝缘部242为通过一体成型工艺形成的一体式结构。
示例性地,第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242可以通过注塑成型、铣削等一体成型工艺形成。
需要说明的是,在其他实施例中,第一绝缘部241与第二绝缘部242也可以是分体设置的结构,即第一绝缘部241与第二绝缘部242为分体式结构,且第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242可以通过粘接或卡接等结构相互连接。
在本实施例中,通过将第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242设置为一体成型的结构,使得第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242为一体式结构,从而能够提升第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242之间的连接强度,以减少第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242相互脱离的现象,有利于提升第一绝缘件24在使用过程中的稳定性和可靠性。
在一些实施例中,参见图8所示,第二绝缘部242的最大厚度小于第一绝缘部241的厚度。
其中,第一绝缘部241的厚度为D1,而第二绝缘部242的最大厚度为第二绝缘部242连接于第一绝缘部241的一端的厚度,第二绝缘部242的最大厚度在图中未示出。
在本实施例中,通过将第二绝缘部242的最大厚度设置为小于第一绝缘部241的厚度,以使第二绝缘部
242为相较于第一绝缘部241被减薄的结构,从而能够节省第二绝缘部242在第一极耳232与外壳21之间占用的空间,有利于提升电池单体20的内部空间利用率。
在一些实施例中,请继续参见图8所示,沿壁部的厚度方向X,第二绝缘部242的厚度从远离第一绝缘部241的一端到靠近第一绝缘部241的一端逐渐增大。也就是说,第二绝缘部242连接于第一绝缘部241的一端的厚度最大,使得第二绝缘部242与第一绝缘部241相连的一端的厚度为第二绝缘部242的最大厚度,而第二绝缘部242远离第一绝缘部241的一端的厚度最小,使得第二绝缘部242远离第一绝缘部241的一端的厚度为第二绝缘部242的最小厚度D2。
在本实施例中,通过将第二绝缘部242的厚度设置为从远离第一绝缘部241的一端到靠近第一绝缘部241的一端逐渐增大的结构,使得第二绝缘部242为与第一绝缘部241相互连接的一端的厚度较大的结构,从而一方面有利于提升第二绝缘部242和第一绝缘部241之间的连接可靠性,且有利于提升第一绝缘件24整体的结构稳定性,另一方面能够降低第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242的成型难度,以降低第一绝缘件24的制造难度。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参见图8所示,第一绝缘部241在壁部的厚度方向X上的厚度D1减去第二绝缘部242在第二绝缘部的径向Y上的最小厚度D2的差值大于或等于0mm,且小于或等于0.8mm。也就是说,第一绝缘部241的厚度与第二绝缘部242的最小厚度的差值在0到0.8mm之间。
在本实施例中,通过将第一绝缘部241的厚度与第二绝缘部242的最小厚度的差值设置为大于或等于0mm且小于或等于0.8mm,以缓解第一绝缘部241的厚度与第二绝缘部242的厚度相差过大的现象,从而有利于降低一体成型的第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242的制造难度,以提升电池单体20的第一绝缘件24的生产效率。
根据本申请的一些实施例,请继续参见图8所示,第一绝缘部241在壁部的厚度方向X上的厚度D1减去第二绝缘部242在第二绝缘部的径向Y上的最大厚度(图中未示出)的差值大于或等于0mm,且小于或等于0.5mm。也就是说,第一绝缘部241的厚度与第二绝缘部242的最大厚度的差值在0到0.5mm之间。
在本实施例中,通过将第一绝缘部241的厚度与第二绝缘部242的最大厚度的差值设置为大于或等于0mm且小于或等于0.5mm,以缓解第一绝缘部241的厚度与第二绝缘部242的厚度相差过大的现象,从而有利于降低一体成型的第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242的制造难度,以提升电池单体20的第一绝缘件24的生产效率。
根据本申请的一些实施例,第一绝缘件24的洛氏硬度大于或等于30HRC。也就是说,第一绝缘件24为硬度较大的塑料等,而非环绕于电极组件23的第一极耳232的外侧的胶带。
在本实施例中,通过将第一绝缘件24的洛氏硬度设置为大于或等于30HRC,以提升第一绝缘件24的结构强度,有利于提升第一绝缘件24绝缘隔离第一极耳232和外壳21的效果,且有利于缓解第一绝缘件24在使用过程中出现损坏或起翘等现象,从而能够有效提升第一绝缘件24绝缘隔离第一极耳232和外壳21的稳定性和可靠性。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参见图8和图10所示,第一绝缘部241面向电极组件23的内表面和第二绝缘部242面向电极组件23的内表面通过圆弧面244连接,且第一极耳232的外周面形成有与圆弧面244相对设置的倾斜面2323,沿壁部的厚度方向X,倾斜面2323靠近壁部211的一端的径向尺寸小于倾斜面2323远离壁部211的一端的径向尺寸。
其中,第一绝缘部241面向电极组件23的内表面和第二绝缘部242面向电极组件23的内表面通过圆弧面244连接,即第一绝缘部241面向电极组件23的内表面和第二绝缘部242面向电极组件23的内表面之间形成有圆角结构,而圆角结构面向电极组件23的表面则为圆弧面244。
第一极耳232的外周面形成有与圆弧面244相对设置的倾斜面2323,即第一极耳232的外周面的至少部分形成有与圆弧面244对应的倾斜面2323。示例性地,在第一极耳232包括根部2321和层叠部2322的实施例中,倾斜面2323形成于层叠部2322的外周面上。
沿壁部的厚度方向X,倾斜面2323靠近壁部211的一端的径向尺寸小于倾斜面2323远离壁部211的一端的径向尺寸,也就是说,倾斜面2323为从靠近主体部231的一端到远离主体部231的一端向内倾斜的结构。
在本实施例中,通过将第一绝缘部241面向电极组件23的内表面和第二绝缘部242面向电极组件23的内表面设置为通过圆弧面244相连的结构,以实现第一绝缘部241和第二绝缘部242面向电极组件23的一侧为圆弧倒角的结构,有利于降低第一绝缘件24损伤电极组件23的风险,以提升电池单体20的使用可靠性。此外,通过将第一极耳232的外周面的至少部分设置为与圆弧面244对应设的倾斜面2323,使得在电极组件23的第一极耳232插设于第一绝缘件24的容纳空间243内时能够有效降低第一极耳232被第一绝缘件24损坏的风险,以提升电池单体20的装配质量。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参见图3、图4和图5所示,外壳21呈圆柱状,外壳21的中心轴线沿壁部的厚度方向X延伸。
其中,外壳21的壳体212呈圆柱状,对应地,外壳21的端盖213为圆形板状结构。
外壳21的中心轴线沿壁部的厚度方向X延伸,即外壳21为中轴线沿壁部的厚度方向X延伸的圆柱结构。
需要说明的是,在其他实施例中,外壳21的形状也可以是长方体状、正方体状或棱柱状等。
在本实施例中,通过将电池单体20的外壳21设置为圆柱状,以便于加工形成圆柱体结构的电池单体20,使得电池单体20具有容量高、循环寿命长、使用环境温度宽广等优点。此外,通过将外壳21设置为圆柱状,从而能够将电极组件23设置为中心轴线沿壁部的厚度方向X延伸的圆柱状结构,以便于将电极组件23的第一极耳232插设于第一绝缘件24的容纳空间243内,且能够降低第一绝缘件24的制造难度。
根据本申请的一些实施例,参见图3、图4和图5所示,外壳21可以包括壳体212和端盖213,壳体212包括一体成型的侧壁2123和底壁2122,侧壁2123围设于底壁2122的周围,沿壁部的厚度方向X,侧壁2123
的一端连接于底壁2122,另一端围合形成开口2121,侧壁2123和底壁2122共同界定出用于容纳电极组件23的容纳腔,端盖213封闭开口2121,底壁2122为壁部211。
其中,壳体212包括一体成型的侧壁2123和底壁2122,即壳体212为采用一体成型工艺加工制成,比如,冲压、铸造或挤出成型等一体成型工艺,也就是说,壳体212的侧壁2123和底壁2122为一体式结构。
底壁2122为壁部211,即壁部211为壳体212在壁部的厚度方向X上与端盖213相对设置的一个壁,对应地,即电极端子22安装于壳体212的底壁2122上,对应地,第一极耳232设置于电极组件23在壁部的厚度方向X上面向壳体212的底壁2122的一端上,同样地,第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241位于第一极耳232和壳体212的底壁2122之间。
在本实施例中,通过将外壳21的壁部211设置为壳体212在壁部的厚度方向X上与端盖213相对设置的底壁2122,采用这种结构的电池单体20能够使得设置有电极端子22的壁部211远离端盖213,使得壁部211与端盖213之间不存在直接连接关系,从而能够缓解电极端子22等部件对壁部211进行拉扯或扭转时产生的力作用在端盖213上的现象,以降低端盖213与壳体212之间出现连接失效的风险,进而有利于降低电池单体20在使用过程中出现漏液的风险。
在需要说明的是,电池单体20的结构并不局限于此,在一些实施例中,电池单体20还可以是其他结构,比如,外壳21可以包括壳体212和端盖213,壳体212的内部形成具有开口2121的容纳腔,容纳腔用于容纳电极组件23,端盖213封闭开口2121,端盖213为壁部211。也就是说,电极端子22安装于外壳21的端盖213上,对应地,第一极耳232设置于电极组件23在壁部的厚度方向X上面向端盖213的一端上,同样地,第一绝缘件24的第一绝缘部241位于第一极耳232和端盖213之间。
在本实施例中,通过将外壳21的壁部211设置为外壳21用于封闭壳体212的开口2121的端盖213,采用这种结构的电池单体20便于在端盖213上装配电极端子22,且便于将电极端子22与第一极耳232进行电连接,有利于降低电池单体20的装配难度,以提升电池单体20的生产效率。
根据本申请的一些实施例,本申请还提供了一种电池100,电池100包括以上任一方案的电池单体20。
其中,参见图2所示,电池100还可以包括箱体10,电池单体20容纳于箱体10内。
在一些实施例中,箱体10可以包括第一箱本体11和第二箱本体12,第一箱本体11与第二箱本体12相互盖合,第一箱本体11和第二箱本体12共同限定出用于容纳电池单体20的装配空间。
可选地,第二箱本体12可以为一端开放的空心结构,第一箱本体11可以为板状结构,第一箱本体11盖合于第二箱本体12的开放侧,以使第一箱本体11与第二箱本体12共同限定出装配空间;第一箱本体11和第二箱本体12也可以是均为一侧开放的空心结构,第一箱本体11的开放侧盖合于第二箱本体12的开放侧。
当然,第一箱本体11和第二箱本体12形成的箱体10可以是多种形状,比如,圆柱体或长方体等。示例性地,在图2中,箱体10为长方体结构。
可选地,设置于箱体10内的电池单体20可以是一个,也可以是多个。示例性地,在图2中,电池100的箱体10内设置有多个电池单体20,多个电池单体20之间可以是串联或并联或混联,混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起,再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于箱体10内;当然,电池100也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式,多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体,并容纳于箱体10内。
其中,电池100还可以包括其他结构,例如,该电池100还可以包括汇流部件,汇流部件连接多个电池单体20,以实现多个电池单体20之间的电连接。
需要说明的是,在一些实施例中,电池100也可以不设置箱体10,电池100包括多个电池单体20,而由多个电池单体20组成的电池100可以直接装配至用电装置上,以通过多个电池单体20为用电装置提供电能。也就是说,箱体10可以作为用电装置的一部分。用电装置以车辆1000为例,箱体10可以作为车辆1000的底盘结构的一部分,例如,箱体10的部分可以成为车辆1000的地板的至少一部分,或者,箱体10的部分可以成为车辆1000的横梁和纵梁的至少一部分。
根据本申请的一些实施例,本申请还提供了一种用电装置,用电装置包括以上任一方案的电池单体20,并且电池单体20用于为用电装置提供电能。
其中,用电装置可以是前述任一应用电池单体20的设备或系统。
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
以上仅为本申请的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本申请,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (41)
- 一种电池单体,包括:外壳,具有壁部;电极端子,设置于所述壁部;电极组件,容纳于所述外壳内,所述电极组件具有第一极耳,所述第一极耳设置于所述电极组件在所述壁部的厚度方向上靠近所述壁部的一端,所述第一极耳与所述电极端子电连接;以及第一绝缘件,包括相互连接的第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第一绝缘部的至少部分位于所述壁部和所述第一极耳之间,所述第二绝缘部围设于所述第一绝缘部的周围,所述第二绝缘部与所述第一绝缘部共同限定出容纳空间,所述第一极耳的至少部分插设于所述容纳空间内。
- 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体,其中,所述电池单体还包括:第一集流构件,沿所述壁部的厚度方向设置于所述第一极耳和所述第一绝缘部之间,所述第一集流构件与所述第一极耳相连,所述第一绝缘部设置有通孔,所述通孔与所述容纳空间连通,所述电极端子插设于所述通孔内并与所述第一集流构件相连。
- 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体,其中,所述第一绝缘部与所述第一集流构件相连。
- 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体,其中,所述第一绝缘部粘接连接于所述第一集流构件。
- 根据权利要求2-4中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述电池单体还包括:第二绝缘件,至少部分设置于所述壁部和所述第一绝缘部之间,所述第二绝缘件被配置为绝缘隔离所述第一集流构件和所述壁部;其中,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第二绝缘件背离所述壁部的一侧凸设有限位部,所述限位部插设于所述通孔内,且所述限位部位于所述电极端子和所述通孔的孔壁面之间。
- 根据权利要求5所述的电池单体,其中,所述限位部环绕所述电极端子设置。
- 根据权利要求5或6所述的电池单体,其中,所述第二绝缘件固定连接于所述第一绝缘件。
- 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体,其中,所述电池单体还包括:第二绝缘件,沿所述壁部的厚度方向设置于所述壁部面向所述电极组件的一侧;其中,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第一绝缘部的至少部分位于所述第二绝缘件与所述壁部之间。
- 根据权利要求8所述的电池单体,其中,所述电池单体还包括:第一集流构件,设置于所述第一极耳和所述壁部之间,所述第一集流构件连接所述电极端子和所述第一极耳;其中,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第二绝缘件位于所述壁部和所述第一集流构件之间,所述第二绝缘件还被配置为绝缘隔离所述壁部和所述第一集流构件。
- 根据权利要求8或9所述的电池单体,其中,所述第二绝缘件固定连接于所述第一绝缘件。
- 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体,其中,所述壁部上设置有安装孔,所述安装孔沿所述壁部的厚度方向贯穿所述壁部,所述电极端子的部分穿设于所述安装孔内;其中,所述电极端子具有第一夹持部,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第一夹持部位于所述壁部面向所述电极组件的一侧,所述第一绝缘部的至少部分设置于所述壁部和所述第一夹持部之间,以绝缘隔离所述壁部和所述第一夹持部。
- 根据权利要求11所述的电池单体,其中,所述电池单体还包括:密封件,至少部分位于所述壁部和所述第一夹持部之间,且所述密封件与所述第一绝缘部抵接。
- 根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述壁部上设置有安装孔,所述安装孔沿所述壁部的厚度方向贯穿所述壁部,所述电极端子固定于所述安装孔,且所述电极端子具有第一夹持部,所述第一夹持部位于所述壁部面向所述电极组件的一侧;所述电池单体还包括密封件,所述密封件的至少部分位于所述壁部和所述第一夹持部之间,且在与所述壁部的厚度方向垂直的方向上,所述密封件超出所述第一夹持部的外周面并与所述第一绝缘部抵接。
- 根据权利要求11-13中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述电极端子具有第二夹持部,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第二夹持部位于所述壁部背离所述电极组件的一侧,所述第二夹持部和所述第一夹持部被配置为配合夹持所述壁部。
- 根据权利要求14所述的电池单体,其中,所述电池单体还包括:第三绝缘件,至少部分设置于所述壁部和所述第二夹持部之间,以绝缘隔离所述壁部和所述第二夹持部。
- 根据权利要求1-15中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述电极组件包括第一极片、第二极片和隔离膜,所述第一极片和所述第二极片的极性相反,所述第一极片包括第一主体和所述第一极耳,所述第一极耳连接于所述第一主体在所述壁部的厚度方向上靠近所述壁部的一端,所述隔离膜的部分设置于所述第一极片和所述第二极片之间,以分隔所述第一极片和所述第二极片,且所述隔离膜的部分包覆于所述电极组件的外侧;其中,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第一极耳超出所述隔离膜靠近所述壁部的一端,且所述隔离膜包覆于所述电极组件的外侧的部分靠近所述壁部的一端插设于所述容纳空间内。
- 根据权利要求1-16中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述外壳还具有侧壁,所述侧壁围设于所述壁部的周围,所述第二绝缘部的外周面与所述侧壁的内周面过盈配合。
- 根据权利要求17所述的电池单体,其中,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第二绝缘部的一端与所述第一绝缘 部相连,另一端设置有缺口,所述缺口贯穿所述第二绝缘部的内周面和外周面。
- 根据权利要求18所述的电池单体,其中,所述第二绝缘部设置有多个所述缺口,多个所述缺口沿所述第二绝缘部的周向间隔排布。
- 根据权利要求18或19所述的电池单体,其中,所述电极组件包括第一极片、第二极片和隔离膜,所述第一极片和所述第二极片的极性相反,所述第一极片包括第一主体和所述第一极耳,所述第一极耳连接于所述第一主体在所述壁部的厚度方向上靠近所述壁部的一端,所述隔离膜的部分设置于所述第一极片和所述第二极片之间,以分隔所述第一极片和所述第二极片,且所述隔离膜的部分包覆于所述电极组件的外侧;其中,沿所述第二绝缘部的径向,所述缺口的投影位于所述隔离膜包覆于所述电极组件的外侧的部分内,所述第二绝缘部的径向与所述壁部的厚度方向垂直。
- 根据权利要求1-20中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述第二绝缘部具有弹性,且所述第二绝缘部被配置为能够沿与所述壁部的厚度方向垂直的方向变形。
- 根据权利要求1-21中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述第二绝缘部的洛氏硬度小于所述外壳的洛氏硬度。
- 根据权利要求1-22中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第二绝缘部的外周面的至少部分的径向尺寸从远离所述第一绝缘部的一端到靠近所述第一绝缘部的一端逐渐减小。
- 根据权利要求23所述的电池单体,其中,所述第二绝缘部的外周面的最大径向尺寸L1,且所述第二绝缘部的外周面的最小径向尺寸为L2,0<L1-L2≤6mm。
- 根据权利要求23或24所述的电池单体,其中,所述外壳还具有侧壁,所述侧壁围设于所述壁部的周围,所述第二绝缘部的外周面与所述侧壁的内周面抵接;其中,所述第二绝缘部的外周面的至少部分与所述侧壁在与所述壁部的厚度方向垂直的方向上的间距从远离所述第一绝缘部的一端到靠近所述第一绝缘部的一端逐渐增大。
- 根据权利要求1-25中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述电极组件包括第一极片,所述第一极片包括第一主体和所述第一极耳,所述第一极耳包括根部和层叠部,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述根部连接于所述第一主体靠近所述壁部的一端,所述层叠部连接于所述根部靠近所述壁部的一端,所述层叠部与所述电极端子电连接,且所述层叠部整体位于所述容纳空间内。
- 根据权利要求26所述的电池单体,其中,沿与所述壁部的厚度方向垂直的方向,所述第二绝缘部的投影与所述第一主体的投影不重叠。
- 根据权利要求1-27中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第一绝缘部的厚度大于或等于0.3mm,且小于或等于1.2mm。
- 根据权利要求1-28中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述第二绝缘部的最小厚度大于或等于0.05mm,且小于或等于0.5mm。
- 根据权利要求1-29中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述第一绝缘部与所述第二绝缘部一体成型。
- 根据权利要求30所述的电池单体,其中,所述第二绝缘部的最大厚度小于所述第一绝缘部的厚度。
- 根据权利要求30或31所述的电池单体,其中,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述第二绝缘部的厚度从远离所述第一绝缘部的一端到靠近所述第一绝缘部的一端逐渐增大。
- 根据权利要求30-32中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述第一绝缘部的厚度减去所述第二绝缘部的最小厚度的差值大于或等于0mm,且小于或等于0.8mm。
- 根据权利要求30-33中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述第一绝缘部的厚度减去所述第二绝缘部的最大厚度的差值大于或等于0mm,且小于或等于0.5mm。
- 根据权利要求1-34中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述第一绝缘件的洛氏硬度大于或等于30HRC。
- 根据权利要求1-35中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述第一绝缘部面向所述电极组件的内表面和所述第二绝缘部面向所述电极组件的内表面通过圆弧面连接,且所述第一极耳的外周面形成有与所述圆弧面相对设置的倾斜面,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述倾斜面靠近所述壁部的一端的径向尺寸小于所述倾斜面远离所述壁部的一端的径向尺寸。
- 根据权利要求1-36中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述外壳呈圆柱状,所述外壳的中心轴线沿所述壁部的厚度方向延伸。
- 根据权利要求1-37中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述外壳包括:壳体,包括一体成型的侧壁和底壁,所述侧壁围设于所述底壁的周围,沿所述壁部的厚度方向,所述侧壁的一端连接于所述底壁,另一端围合形成开口,所述侧壁和所述底壁共同界定出用于容纳所述电极组件的容纳腔;端盖,封闭所述开口;其中,所述底壁为所述壁部。
- 根据权利要求1-37中任一项所述的电池单体,其中,所述外壳包括:壳体,内部形成具有开口的容纳腔,所述容纳腔用于容纳所述电极组件;端盖,封闭所述开口;其中,所述端盖为所述壁部。
- 一种电池,包括如权利要求1-39中任一项所述的电池单体。
- 一种用电装置,包括如权利要求1-39中任一项所述的电池单体,所述电池单体用于提供电能。
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