WO2025227342A1 - 随机接入方法、通信设备及存储介质 - Google Patents
随机接入方法、通信设备及存储介质Info
- Publication number
- WO2025227342A1 WO2025227342A1 PCT/CN2024/090701 CN2024090701W WO2025227342A1 WO 2025227342 A1 WO2025227342 A1 WO 2025227342A1 CN 2024090701 W CN2024090701 W CN 2024090701W WO 2025227342 A1 WO2025227342 A1 WO 2025227342A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- information
- random access
- value
- epc
- ros
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a random access method, communication device and storage medium.
- Ambient-IoT Ambient Power Enabled Internet of Things
- NB-IoT Narrowband Internet of Things
- Ambient-IoT devices are less complex and less expensive.
- Ambient-IoT devices are generally low-power devices, so they can potentially operate for extended periods using energy from the environment or their own batteries. However, energy is finite, and once it runs out, the Ambient-IoT device will stop working without receiving further energy from the environment, thus affecting the user experience.
- This disclosure provides a random access method, a communication device, and a storage medium.
- a random access method executed by a first device, the method comprising: receiving first information sent by a second device, the first information including configuration information, the configuration information being used to indicate a plurality of random access opportunities (ROs), the ROs being used for random access by the first device.
- first information sent by a second device the first information including configuration information, the configuration information being used to indicate a plurality of random access opportunities (ROs), the ROs being used for random access by the first device.
- ROs random access opportunities
- a random access method comprising: sending first information to a first device, the first information including configuration information, the configuration information being used to indicate a plurality of random access opportunities (ROs), the ROs being used for random access by the first device.
- first information including configuration information
- configuration information being used to indicate a plurality of random access opportunities (ROs)
- ROs random access opportunities
- a third aspect of the present disclosure provides a first device, wherein the first device includes:
- the receiving module is also configured to receive first information sent by the second device, the first information including configuration information, the configuration information being used to indicate multiple random access opportunities (ROs), the ROs being used for random access by the first device.
- first information sent by the second device the first information including configuration information, the configuration information being used to indicate multiple random access opportunities (ROs), the ROs being used for random access by the first device.
- ROs random access opportunities
- a second device is provided according to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, wherein the second device includes a transmitting module configured to transmit first information to a first device; the first information includes configuration information; the configuration information is used to indicate a plurality of random access opportunities (ROs); the ROs are used for random access by the first device.
- a transmitting module configured to transmit first information to a first device; the first information includes configuration information; the configuration information is used to indicate a plurality of random access opportunities (ROs); the ROs are used for random access by the first device.
- the second device includes a transmitting module configured to transmit first information to a first device; the first information includes configuration information; the configuration information is used to indicate a plurality of random access opportunities (ROs); the ROs are used for random access by the first device.
- ROs random access opportunities
- a communication device is provided according to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, wherein the communication device includes: one or more processors; wherein the processors are configured to invoke commands to cause the communication device to execute the random access method provided by any of the technical means of the first to second aspects.
- a sixth aspect of the present disclosure provides a storage medium storing a command that, when executed on a communication device, causes the communication device to perform a random access method provided by any one of the first or second aspects.
- a communication system is provided according to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, wherein the communication system includes a first device and a second device; the first device is configured to implement the random access method according to any one of the first aspects, and the second device is configured to implement the random access method according to any one of the second aspects.
- the technical approach provided in this disclosure allows a first device to carry configuration information of ROs for random access via first information.
- the first device can perform random access according to the configuration information carried in the first information, thereby achieving successful random access for the first device.
- Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an exemplary embodiment
- Figure 1B is a schematic diagram illustrating one of the wireless communication methods based on a backscatter transmission mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment
- Figure 1C is a schematic diagram of one of the topologies for wireless communication using a backscatter transmission mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment
- Figure 1D is a second schematic diagram illustrating wireless communication based on a backscatter transmission mechanism according to an exemplary embodiment
- Figure 1E is a second topological schematic diagram illustrating a backscatter transmission mechanism for wireless communication according to an exemplary embodiment
- Figure 1F is a third topological schematic diagram illustrating a backscatter transmission mechanism for wireless communication according to an exemplary embodiment
- Figure 1G is a schematic diagram of a device for wireless communication according to an exemplary embodiment, illustrating three backscatter transmission mechanisms.
- Figure 2 is an interactive schematic diagram of a random access method according to an exemplary embodiment
- Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating one of the random access methods according to an exemplary embodiment
- Figure 4 is a second flowchart illustrating a random access method according to an exemplary embodiment
- Figure 5A is a flowchart illustrating one of the random access methods according to an exemplary embodiment
- Figure 5B is a second schematic flowchart illustrating a random access method according to an exemplary embodiment
- Figure 6A is a third schematic flowchart illustrating a random access method according to an exemplary embodiment
- Figure 6B is a fourth flowchart illustrating a random access method according to an exemplary embodiment
- Figure 7A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first device according to an exemplary embodiment
- Figure 7B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second device according to an exemplary embodiment
- Figure 8A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an exemplary embodiment
- Figure 8B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a chip according to an exemplary embodiment.
- This disclosure provides a random access method, a communication device, a communication system, and a storage medium.
- a first aspect provides a random access method, wherein the method is executed by a first device, the method comprising: receiving first information sent by a second device; the first information including configuration information, the configuration information being used to indicate multiple random access opportunities (ROs); the ROs being used for random access by the first device.
- the method is executed by a first device, the method comprising: receiving first information sent by a second device; the first information including configuration information, the configuration information being used to indicate multiple random access opportunities (ROs); the ROs being used for random access by the first device.
- ROs random access opportunities
- the first device can carry configuration information of RO for random access through the first information.
- the first device can perform random access according to the configuration information carried in the first information, thereby achieving successful random access for the first device.
- the method further includes:
- a first value is generated based on the second information
- the third message includes the first value.
- receiving the first information sent by the second device includes:
- the first information sent by the second device is received.
- the configuration information includes at least one of the following: frequency domain information, used to indicate the frequency domain resource set of the random access resource; and time domain information, used to indicate the time domain resource set of the random access resource.
- the frequency domain resource set includes at least one random access channel and/or at least one sub-channel.
- the time-domain resource set includes one or more time slots, one of the time slots including one or more random access times (ROs), and the plurality of ROs being frequency-division multiplexed and/or time-division multiplexed.
- ROs random access times
- the method further includes: selecting a first RO from the plurality of ROs and sending fourth information to the second device; the fourth information is used by the first device to request random access.
- the fourth information further includes at least one of the following:
- the second value wherein the second value is generated based on the resource identifier or based on the resource identifier and the first value; is the permanent identifier of the first device.
- the resource identifier of the first RO, the second value, and/or the EPC of the first device can all be used to identify the first device.
- the permanent identifier of the first device includes: the electronic product code (EPC) of the first device.
- EPC electronic product code
- the second information includes at least one of the following: a first parameter for generating the first value; and a second parameter for generating the second value.
- the first parameter and/or the second parameter are sent through the second information, so that the first device can obtain the parameters required for subsequent random access through the second information.
- the method further includes at least one of the following: generating the second value based on the resource identifier; generating the second value based on the first value and the resource identifier.
- the above scheme provides two methods for obtaining the second numerical value.
- implementation is limited to these two methods, thus using the second numerical value to further differentiate between devices requesting random access. For example, assuming two devices generate the same first numerical value, the second numerical value will still be the same. The probability of the same device will decrease, so by introducing a second value, different devices can be further distinguished to achieve concurrent random access of different devices.
- the method further includes: receiving fifth information sent by the second device; and determining whether the random access of the first device is successful based on the fifth information.
- the success of the random access of the first device can be easily determined by receiving the fifth information.
- determining whether the random access of the first device is successful based on the fifth information includes at least one of the following:
- the success of the random access of the first device is determined by receiving the fifth message within the timer's duration.
- determining whether the random access of the first device was successful based on the fifth information includes:
- the fifth piece of information includes at least one of the following:
- the first value of the first device is the first value of the first device
- the resource identifier The resource identifier.
- determining whether the first device has successfully connected based on the information content of the fifth information includes at least one of the following:
- the fifth piece of information includes the second value of the first device, it is determined that the random access of the first device was successful
- the fifth piece of information includes the EPC of the first device, it is determined that the random access of the first device was successful;
- the fifth piece of information includes the resource identifier of the first RO, it is determined that the random access of the first device was successful;
- the fifth information includes the first value of the first device and the resource identifier, it is determined that the random access of the first device was successful;
- the fifth information includes the first value of the first device and the EPC of the fifth information is not the EPC of the first device, it is determined that the random access of the first device has failed.
- the fifth information includes the second value of the first device and the EPC of the fifth information is not the EPC of the first device, it is determined that the random access of the first device has failed.
- the fifth information includes the resource identifier of the first RO of the first device and the EPC of the fifth information is not the EPC of the first device, then the random access of the first device is determined to be failed.
- the random access of the first device is determined to have failed.
- the fifth information when the fifth information indicates that the random access of the first device is successful, the fifth information further includes at least one of the following: an acknowledgment; and a third value, which is generated by the second device and used to identify the first device.
- the second device can achieve unified management of the temporary identifiers of randomly accessed devices.
- a second aspect provides a random access method, wherein the method is performed by a second device, wherein the method includes sending first information to a first device, the first information including configuration information, the configuration information being used to indicate a plurality of random access opportunities (ROs), the ROs being used for random access by the first device.
- the method includes sending first information to a first device, the first information including configuration information, the configuration information being used to indicate a plurality of random access opportunities (ROs), the ROs being used for random access by the first device.
- ROs random access opportunities
- second information is sent to the first device; the second information is used by the first device to randomly generate a first value.
- Sending the first information to the first device includes:
- the third information is sent to the first device.
- the first information further includes a first value of the first device.
- the configuration information includes at least one of the following: frequency domain information, used to indicate the frequency domain resource set of the random access resource; and time domain information, used to indicate the time domain resource set of the random access resource.
- the frequency domain resource set includes at least one random access channel and/or at least one sub-channel.
- the time-domain resource set includes one or more time slots; one of the time slots includes one or more random access opportunities (ROs); and the multiple ROs are frequency-division multiplexed and/or time-division multiplexed.
- ROs random access opportunities
- the method further includes: receiving fourth information sent by the first device; the fourth information is used by the first device to request random access.
- the fourth information further includes at least one of the following: a first value, a resource identifier of a first RO; the first RO is the RO that transmits the fourth information;
- the second value wherein the second value is generated based on the resource identifier; the electronic product code (EPC) of the first device.
- EPC electronic product code
- the second information includes one of the following: a first parameter for generating the first value; and a second parameter for generating the second value.
- the method further includes:
- a fifth message is sent to the first device, which is used by the first device to determine whether the random access was successful.
- the fifth piece of information indicating successful random access to the first device includes at least one of the following:
- the first value of the first device The first value of the first device, the second value of the first device, the EPC of the first device, and the resource identifier.
- the fifth information further includes at least one of the following:
- a third value which is generated by the second device and used to identify the first device.
- a third aspect provides a first device, wherein the first device includes: a receiving module, further configured to receive first information sent by a second device; the first information includes configuration information; the configuration information is used to indicate a plurality of random access opportunities (ROs); the ROs are used for random access by the first device.
- a receiving module further configured to receive first information sent by a second device
- the first information includes configuration information
- the configuration information is used to indicate a plurality of random access opportunities (ROs); the ROs are used for random access by the first device.
- ROs random access opportunities
- a fourth aspect provides a second device, wherein the second device includes: a sending module configured to send first information to a first device, the first information including configuration information for indicating a plurality of random access opportunities (ROs), the ROs being used for random access by the first device.
- a sending module configured to send first information to a first device, the first information including configuration information for indicating a plurality of random access opportunities (ROs), the ROs being used for random access by the first device.
- ROs random access opportunities
- embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication device, which includes: one or more processors;
- the processor is used to invoke commands to cause the communication device to execute the random access method described in the optional implementations of the first and second aspects.
- embodiments of this disclosure provide a storage medium storing commands that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the random access method described in the optional implementations of the first to second aspects.
- an embodiment of this disclosure provides a communication system, wherein the communication system includes a first device and a second device; the first device is configured to implement a random access method according to any one of the first aspects, and the second device is configured to implement a random access method according to any technical solution of the second aspect.
- embodiments of this disclosure provide a program product that, when executed by a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the random access method described in the optional implementations of the first to second aspects.
- embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the random access method described in optional implementations of the first to second aspects.
- This disclosure provides a random access method, communication device, communication system, and storage medium.
- the embodiments of this disclosure are not exhaustive, but merely illustrative of some embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure.
- each step in a particular embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined.
- removing some steps in a particular embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily interchanged.
- the optional implementations in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; moreover, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, for example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with optional implementations of other embodiments.
- multiple refers to two or more.
- the terms “at least one of”, “one or more”, “a plurality of”, “multiple”, etc., may be used interchangeably.
- the notation "at least one of A and B", “A and/or B", “A in one case, B in another”, “A in one case, B in another”, etc. may include the following technical methods depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (A is executed regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (B is executed regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.
- the notation "A or B” may include the following technical approaches, depending on the circumstances: in some embodiments, A (execution of A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execution of B regardless of A); in some embodiments, selective execution from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.
- the descriptive object is a "field,” the ordinal numbers preceding "field” in “first field” and “second field” do not restrict the position or order of the "fields.” "First” and “second” do not restrict whether the "fields” they modify are in the same message, nor do they restrict the order of "first field” and “second field.”
- the descriptive object is a "level,” the ordinal numbers preceding "level” in “first level” and “second level” do not restrict the priority between “levels.”
- the number of descriptive objects is not limited by ordinal numbers and can be one or more. For example, in “first device,” the number of "devices" can be one or more.
- the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different.
- first device and second device can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different.
- first type of information and second type of information can be the same information or different information, and their content can be the same or different.
- “including A,” “containing A,” “for indicating A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.
- the terms “greater than,” “greater than or equal to,” “not less than,” “more than,” “more than or equal to,” “not less than,” “higher than,” “higher than or equal to,” “not lower than,” and “above” can be used interchangeably, as can the terms “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not greater than,” “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not more than,” “lower than,” “lower than or equal to,” “not higher than,” and “below”.
- devices, etc. can be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments.
- Terms such as “device”, “equipment”, “circuit”, “network element”, “node”, “function”, “unit”, “section”, “system”, “network”, “chip”, “chip system”, “entity”, and “subject” can be used interchangeably.
- network can be interpreted as devices included in a network (e.g., access network devices, core network devices, etc.).
- access network device AN device
- radio access network device radio device
- terminal In some embodiments, the terms "terminal”, “terminal device”, “user equipment (UE)”, “user terminal”, “mobile station (MS)”, “mobile terminal (MT)", “subscriber station”, “mobile unit”, “subscriber unit”, “wireless unit”, “remote unit”, “mobile device”, “wireless communication device”, “remote device”, “mobile subscriber station”, “access terminal”, “mobile terminal”, “wireless terminal”, “remote terminal”, “handset”, “user agent”, “mobile client”, and “client” can be used interchangeably.
- access network devices, core network devices, or network devices can be replaced with terminals.
- embodiments of this disclosure can also be applied to structures where communication between access network devices, core network devices, or network devices and terminals is replaced with communication between multiple terminals (e.g., device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), etc.).
- the structure can also be configured such that the terminal has all or part of the functions of the access network device.
- terms such as "uplink” and “downlink” can be replaced with terms corresponding to communication between terminals (e.g., "sidelink”).
- uplink channel, downlink channel, etc. can be replaced with sidelink channel
- uplink link, downlink link, etc. can be replaced with sidelink link.
- the terminal may be replaced by an access network device, a core network device, or a network device.
- the access network device, core network device, or network device may also be configured to have all or some of the functions of the terminal.
- the acquisition of data, information, etc. may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the location is situated.
- data, information, etc. may be obtained with the user's consent.
- each element, each row, or each column in the table of this disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and any combination of any element, any row, or any column can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.
- terminal 101 can be any device that uses a backscatter transmission mechanism for wireless communication.
- the terminal can be the first device.
- the backscatter transmission mechanism is a wireless communication mechanism that utilizes the principle of backscattering radio frequency signals with extremely low-power modulation and transmission technology.
- the reader sends a physical layer signal to the ambient IoT device.
- This physical layer signal can be various AC signals such as pulse signals.
- this physical layer signal is used to provide energy for the ambient IoT device to transmit signals. Therefore, this physical layer signal can be called an excitation signal or a trigger signal.
- the ambient IoT device can adjust the matching between the receiving antenna and impedance according to the information to be transmitted, enhancing the reflection of the incident excitation signal, and modulating the sensed data it acquires onto the reflected signal to complete the data transmission. This process is similar to a reflector.
- backscatter transmission does not require complex radio frequency structures, reducing the use of devices such as power amplifiers, high-precision crystal oscillators, duplexers, and high-precision filters. It also does not require complex baseband processing, thus simplifying the design of ambient IoT devices and significantly reducing the cost of ambient IoT device nodes.
- Ambient IoT devices are IoT devices that operate using ambient energy. This ambient energy may include the signal energy of the aforementioned wireless signals, and may also include other environmental capabilities such as geothermal energy and/or solar energy.
- Backscatter communication has been widely used in Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems, resulting in many large-scale commercial applications. Its working principle is that a receiver (typically an RFID reader) sends a radio frequency excitation signal to activate a passive node (typically an RFID tag). The tag uses backscatter communication to modulate its own information onto the radio frequency signal. The reader receives the reflected signal from the passive tag and demodulates it to achieve information transmission.
- RFID Radio Frequency Identification
- RFID technology also has many drawbacks, such as short coverage distance (the wireless signal experiences double-path fading during communication, resulting in significant path loss and a short effective communication distance), single -channel transmission, the need for strict tag alignment, and lack of power control.
- short coverage distance the wireless signal experiences double-path fading during communication, resulting in significant path loss and a short effective communication distance
- single -channel transmission the need for strict tag alignment
- lack of power control There is significant room for improvement in the communication aspects of RFID technology. It is necessary to integrate 3GPP communication technologies to improve the wireless communication performance of RFID technology in passive IoT applications.
- IoT device features low memory, low processing power, low power consumption, small data transmission, and mass deployment.
- Environmental IoT devices can be maintenance-free and have a long lifespan (e.g., over 10 years).
- This new type of IoT device requires energy from radio waves emitted by network nodes to operate. Therefore, before receiving energy, the IoT device is typically in a "power-off" state, i.e., offline.
- the communication system needs to support... It supports data communication methods with shorter transmission time, lower memory consumption, and more convenient terminal management to complete the data communication process as quickly as possible.
- a network topology for backscatter transmission can include one of the following:
- Topology 1 As shown in Figure 1C, ambient IoT devices and access network devices directly transmit data uplink (UL) and downlink (DL).
- UL data uplink
- DL downlink
- Topology 2 As shown in Figure 1D, ambient IoT devices and access network devices indirectly transmit DL and UL data; there are intermediate nodes (or auxiliary nodes) in the middle to forward the data.
- intermediate nodes can be relays, integrated access backhaul (IAB), user equipment (UE), or repeaters (RP).
- IAB integrated access backhaul
- UE user equipment
- RP repeaters
- Topology 3 As shown in Figure 1E, Ambient IoT devices and access network devices directly receive or transmit data at DL or UL. Then, auxiliary nodes exist on the UL or DL, responsible for receiving or sending UL data or receiving DL data.
- auxiliary nodes can be relays, integrated access backhaul (IAB) nodes, terminals, or network-controlled repeaters (NCRs).
- IAB integrated access backhaul
- NCRs network-controlled repeaters
- Topology 4 As shown in Figure 1F, the environmental IoT device and UE directly receive and transmit DL and UL data; the UE is responsible for collecting data and forwarding the collected data to the network side.
- Ambient IoT communication i.e., communication between ambient IoT devices and base stations (topology 1 as shown in Figure 1C) and UEs (topology 2 as shown in Figure 1D)
- spectrum resources in three forms: in-band, guard-band, or stand-alone.
- in-band refers to the uplink and/or downlink spectrum resources used for normal New Radio (NR) communication.
- NR New Radio
- the guard band is the spectrum resource of the guard zone that uses the normal NR communication DL and/or UL spectrum.
- Standalone networking uses spectrum resources that are not related to normal NR communication.
- devices that use the backscatter transmission mechanism for wireless communication can be divided into three types:
- Device A It has no energy storage, cannot independently generate and/or amplify signals, and can only perform backscatter transmission.
- Device B It has energy storage but cannot generate signals independently; it can only transmit signals via backscatter. The stored energy can be used to amplify the backscattered signal.
- Device C It has energy storage and can generate signals independently, that is, it has an active radio frequency (RF) component for transmission.
- RF radio frequency
- each device in Figure 1G has two grids.
- the first grid indicates whether the device has the ability to independently generate signals; the second grid indicates whether the device has the ability to store energy.
- a device's grid is an unfilled grid, it means that the device does not have the capability corresponding to that grid; when a device's grid is a filled grid, it means that the device has the capability corresponding to that grid.
- the following constraints apply to ambient IoT devices:
- the first type of device has a peak power consumption of approximately 1 ⁇ W, energy storage, and an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) as high as 10X ppm; it lacks both downlink and uplink amplification.
- SFO initial sampling frequency offset
- the uplink transmission of the device relies on backscattering on an externally provided carrier.
- the second type of device has a peak power consumption of less than or equal to several hundred ⁇ W, energy storage, and an initial SFO of up to 10X ppm; the device has downlink amplification and/or uplink amplification functions.
- the uplink transmission of the device can be generated internally or backscattered on an externally provided carrier. X is determined by the working group.
- a device in the network can support one or more of these functionalities.
- the function of serving as an energy source (ES) is only used for devices B and C.
- the Downlink Transmission (DT) function sends indication information to environmental IoT devices, thereby triggering uplink transmission from the environmental IoT devices.
- CW continuous wave
- BS backscatter
- CW is actually a type of energy storage (ES), and environmental IoT devices can receive and store CW signals.
- the Uplink Receiver (UR) function receives uplink information backscattered from environmental IoT devices, or receives uplink information actively transmitted by environmental IoT devices.
- the device performing the aforementioned ES, DT, CW, or UR functions can be a UE, repeater, or base station, etc.
- a device may support only one of the aforementioned functions.
- a device may support multiple of the aforementioned functions simultaneously.
- a device may support all of the aforementioned functions simultaneously.
- This embodiment provides a random access method, executed by a communication system.
- the method may include:
- First step The second device sends the first transmission.
- the first device may be a wireless device without its own power supply module, a wireless device with a weak power supply capability of its own power supply module, a wireless device with its own power supply module but whose power supply module has lost its power supply capability, or any wireless device that supports backscatter communication.
- the first device may be any passive device, an ambient energy device, or an ambient IoT device, etc.
- the first device may be device A, device B and/or device C as shown in FIG1G.
- the second device can be any communication device that includes its own power supply module.
- the second device can be any type of communication device with its own battery.
- the communication device can include, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, smart home devices, and/or smart office devices.
- the second device may include, but is not limited to, a server or an application function (AF).
- AF application function
- the second device may be an interrogator and/or a reader, etc.
- the first transmission may be any transmission sent by the second device, such as including but not limited to commands and/or various signals. In some embodiments, the first transmission may be any transmission by which the first device determines how to process commands from the second device over a subsequent period of time.
- Figure 2 is an interactive schematic diagram of a random access method according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in Figure 2, this disclosure relates to a random access method for a communication system 100, the method comprising:
- S2101 The second device sends the second information to the first device.
- the second device broadcasts, multicasts, or unicasts second information to the first device.
- the first device receives second information sent by the second device.
- the first device is an IoT device
- the second device may be an IoT server.
- the first device may be an IoT device.
- the second device may be a regular user equipment (UE) and/or a base station, etc.
- UE user equipment
- the second device may be any network device located within the trust domain of the mobile communication network.
- the second device may be any network device located within the trust domain of the mobile communication network, and such a second device may access the mobile communication network through network open functions, etc.
- the second information may be any command sent by the second device.
- the second information may be a downlink (DL) command sent by the base station.
- DL downlink
- the second information is used by the first device to generate a random number; exemplarily, this random number may be a first value. That is, the first value is a random number generated based on a random algorithm. In some embodiments, the random number is used to determine the timing when the first device sends information to the second device.
- the first value can be used as a temporary identifier for communication between the first device and the second device.
- the first value can be used at least to temporarily identify the first device when transmitting third and fifth information between the first device and the second device.
- the second value can also be used to temporarily identify the first device during communication between the first device and the second device after the first device has completed random access. For example, if the second device does not generate a third value for the first device, the second value can also be used to temporarily identify the first device during communication between the first device and the second device after the first device has completed random access.
- the random access may be random access during initial access, random access during cell handover or cell reselection, or random access during the establishment, restoration, or reconstruction of an RRC connection.
- the second information can be used to trigger random access to the first device.
- the second information is used by the first device to determine when to send information to the second device.
- the second information can also serve as an incentive for the first device, thereby enabling the first device to communicate with the second device based on the capabilities provided by the second information.
- the second device sends second information to the first device, enabling the first device to generate a random number based on the second information; and determines whether to send information to the second device based on the random number.
- the second information in an inventory scenario may include any one or more inventory commands.
- the second information may be a query command.
- the second information may be a query repetition command and/or a query adjust command.
- inventory commands may include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following:
- a query command is received.
- each tag selected based on a first set criterion Upon receiving a query command, each tag selected based on a first set criterion generates a random number.
- Each tag whose random number is a specified value will return a response to the device that sent the query command.
- the response may carry a random number generated based on the query command. This random number can be replaced with RN-a.
- the device that returns a response based on the query command enters the reply state.
- Tags that meet a second set criterion can modify their own attributes or identifiers to leave the tag listening group. Tags within this tag group will then listen for commands from the device that sent the query command.
- the second set criterion may be tags that were not selected. It is worth noting that "tag" is used here in place of the aforementioned.
- the first device By partially removing tags from a tag group, duplicate identification can be reduced.
- the QueryAdjust command After receiving a valid command, the tag can generate a new random number based on the QueryAdjust command; other operations are similar to those of the query command.
- the QueryAdjust command can also be simply referred to as the adjustment command.
- the query repeat (QueryRepeat, QueryRep) command decrements the original random number of a tag by one after receiving the repeat command.
- the query repeat command can also be called a repeat command.
- an acknowledgment command can be a unicast command. Only a single tag can receive a valid ACK command. This command can be used by the tag based on a random number carried by a query command or query adjustment command, which serves as an identifier for receiving the ACK command.
- NACK Non-Acknowledgement character
- the second information may be a paging command.
- the second information may be a paging message or paging downlink control information.
- the second information includes at least one of the following:
- the first parameter is used to generate the first numerical value
- the second parameter is used to generate the second value.
- the first parameter can be any parameter that can be used to randomly generate the first value.
- the first parameter is used to determine the range of values for the first numerical value.
- the first parameter may be Q.
- the first parameter generated based on the first parameter may be 2Q -1 or 2Q .
- Q has a certain range of values, and Q carried by different second information can be any value within this range.
- the range can be 0 to 15, 0 to 31, or 0 to 63, etc.
- the value of the first parameter may be related to the type of the first device. For example, different types of first devices may have different values for the first parameter. Also, for example, first devices with different functions or in different application scenarios may have different values for the first parameter.
- the second parameter may be one or more factors.
- the factor may be used to convert a first value into a second value.
- the second value can be used to temporarily identify the first device.
- the second value can be used to temporarily identify the first device when communicating between the first device and the second device.
- the second value can be used to temporarily identify the first device during the transmission of fourth and fifth information.
- S2102 The first device randomly generates the first value.
- a range of random number sizes is determined based on a first parameter.
- the first value may be one of the random number sizes within the range determined based on the first parameter.
- S2103 The first device sends third information to the second device.
- the third information includes the first numerical value.
- the third information is used for the configuration information of the first device requesting the RO.
- the first value can be used to determine the time slot for information communication between the first device and the second device.
- the first device determines whether to enter the time slot for initiating random access based on a first value.
- the first device determines whether to enter a random access time slot based on a received second command.
- the time slot for the first device to initiate random access is determined based on a second command and/or a first value.
- the random access may be random access included in the initial access, or it may include random access during the RRC state handover process of the first device, random access during cell handover, or random access during cell reselection.
- determining the time slot for the first device to initiate random access based on the second command and/or the first value includes at least one of the following:
- the current time slot is determined to be the time slot in which the first device initiates random access
- the time slot in which the first value is reduced by the number of second commands received and the first value is reduced to the fourth value is determined as the time slot in which the first device initiates random access.
- the current timeslot is determined to be the timeslot for the first device to initiate random access.
- the fifth value may be configured by the network device or agreed upon by the protocol.
- the fourth value can be any value.
- the fourth value can be a value agreed upon by the network side or the protocol.
- the fourth value can be 0.
- a first timer is started and listening to commands sent by the second device is stopped during the running time of the first timer; if the first locator times out, listening to commands sent by the second device is resumed; and the behavior of the first device is controlled according to the type of command listened to from the second device.
- the first device if the first device starts a first timer, it will not listen for commands sent by the second device during the timer's duration, thus saving power consumption for the second device. If the first timer expires, the first device can resume listening for commands sent by the second device.
- the first value is updated.
- the third command can be any command carrying parameters and/or instructions to adjust the first value.
- the third command may include another Q, which can be used to update the random number currently stored in the first device.
- the time slot for the first device to initiate random access is then determined based on the updated random number.
- the second value can also be updated synchronously, for example, by regenerating the second value based on the updated first value.
- the second value may also not be updated.
- Option B If the first value is greater than or equal to the fourth value, monitoring of the first signal from the second device is initiated, and the timing for the first device to initiate random access is determined based on the first signal. For example, if the first signal is successfully detected, the time slot in which the first signal was detected or the next time slot is determined as the time slot for the first device to initiate random access. Alternatively, if the first signal indicates that the first device is initiating random access or entering a communication state, the time slot in which the first signal was received or the next time slot is determined as the time slot for the first device to initiate random access.
- the first device decrements a first value based on the hop count of a second command received from the second device. For example, the first device decrements the first value by 1 upon receiving a second command from the second device.
- the time slot corresponding to when the first value is decremented to a fourth value is the time slot for communication between the first and second devices.
- the first device upon accessing a time slot determined according to a first value, the first device sends third information to the second device.
- the first device after the first device generates a first value based on the second information, it sends third information to the second device in the current time slot or the next time slot in which the first value is generated.
- the third information includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following:
- S2104 The second device sends the first information to the first device.
- the first information is used to indicate to the first device that third information has been received.
- the first information is used to indicate to the first device that a first value or the first device's EPC has been received.
- the first information is further used to send configuration information for the RO for random access to the first device.
- the first information includes: a first numerical value
- the configuration information may be the configuration of random access resources.
- the configuration information may configure one or more sets of random access resources.
- a set of random access resources may include one or more Remote Access Entities (ROs).
- the configuration information may configure one or more sets of random access resources within a time slot.
- ROs Remote Access Entities
- RO here can be the resource for sending the fourth information.
- the resource available for the first device to send the second information can also have other names, not limited to RO.
- this configuration information configures any resource available for the first device to send the fourth information.
- multiple ROs are frequency-division multiplexed and/or time-division multiplexed.
- the configuration information includes at least one of the following:
- Frequency domain information used to indicate the frequency domain resource set of random access resources
- Time-domain information is used to indicate the time-domain resource set of random access resources.
- the frequency domain resource set includes at least one random access channel and/or at least one sub-channel.
- the frequency domain resource set may include multiple sub-channels.
- the bandwidth of one channel may be divided into multiple sub-channels.
- the bandwidth of one sub-channel may be 250 kHz.
- the frequency domain information may include a bitmap, where each bit in the bitmap corresponds to a sub-channel, and different bit values of the bit are used to indicate whether a sub-channel is used for random access. For example, different bit values of the bit may be used to indicate whether the corresponding sub-channel is configured with RO (Random Access).
- RO Random Access
- the time-domain resource set includes one or more time slots; a time slot includes one or more random access opportunities (ROs).
- ROs random access opportunities
- multiple Return Arrays are time-division multiplexed and/or frequency-division multiplexed.
- a time slot may have multiple ROs, which are frequency-division multiplexed and/or time-division multiplexed, so that even if two devices generate the same initial value, they can select different ROs. Initiating random access in a timely manner within the same time slot can improve both the capacity and efficiency of random access.
- the first information may include an acknowledgment character; otherwise, the first information may include a denial character.
- the second device allows the first device to accept random access from the first device, and the second device sends first information containing configuration information to the first device; otherwise, the first information may not contain configuration information.
- acknowledgment feedback such as an acknowledgment symbol or a denial symbol is not optional information in the first information.
- the first information may include a first value of the first device. If the first device does not receive first information containing its own first value after sending the first message, it determines that the random access has failed.
- S2105 The first device sends the fourth information to the second device.
- the fourth information is used by the first device to request random access. This random access may occur during the first device's initial access, cell handover, cell reselection, or connection establishment process.
- the fourth information further includes at least one of the following:
- a second value wherein the second value is generated based on the resource identifier or based on the resource identifier and the first value
- a permanent identifier for the first device may include: the Electronic Goods Code (EPC) of the first device.
- EPC Electronic Goods Code
- the resource identifier of the first RO, the second value, and the EPC of the first device can all be used to identify the first device.
- the resource identifier of the first RO can be used by the second device to distinguish devices that may have the same first value but send fourth information on different ROs.
- the second value is generated by the first device based on the resource identifier of the first RO.
- the second value may be generated based on the resource identifier of the first RO and the first value.
- the first device generates the second value.
- the first device receives a second value generated by the second device. For example, the first device determines the second value based on first information. That is, the first information may carry the second value.
- the second value is used at least to identify the first device during the random access process of the first device.
- the first device generates a second value.
- the first device generates the second value based on a resource identifier.
- the first device generates the second value based on both the resource identifier and the first value.
- the first value may be used solely by the first device to determine the timing of random access, and not used in the generation of the second value.
- the first device may also combine the resource identifier and the first value to generate the second value.
- R ⁇ sub> x ⁇ /sub> can be another random number generated by the first device, or a parameter value related to the device type or capability of the first device.
- RN ⁇ sub>2 ⁇ /sub> is the second value;
- RN ⁇ sub> 1 ⁇ /sub> is the first value;
- R ⁇ sub> ID ⁇ /sub> is the resource identifier;
- f is the second parameter;
- F ⁇ sub> 1 ⁇ /sub> is the first function; and F ⁇ sub> 2 ⁇ /sub> is the second function.
- first function and the second function may be different linear functions.
- first function and the second function may be nonlinear functions, such as hyperbolic functions or elliptic curve functions.
- resource identifiers and/or the conversion relationship between the first and second numerical values are merely examples of resource identifiers and/or the conversion relationship between the first and second numerical values. These conversion relationships can be used by the first and/or second devices to determine the second numerical value.
- S2104 may include: the first device determining a resource identifier and sending fourth information on a first RO indicated by the resource identifier.
- the first device selects a first device to initiate random access to a RO (i.e., the first RO) based on configuration information, and confirms... Define the resource identifier of the first RO.
- the resource identifier is used to indicate the random access timing RO in which the first device initiates random access.
- the first device may randomly select the RO that initiates random access during the time slot in which it initiates random access.
- the resource identifiers of multiple ROs in each time slot may correspond to the RO number.
- multiple frequency division multiplexing and/or time division multiplexing ROs may be uniformly numbered according to a certain method, and this number is the resource identifier of the RO.
- ROs within a time slot can be numbered first in the frequency domain and then in the time domain.
- ROs can be numbered sequentially in the frequency domain from high to low according to their frequency position, and then in the time domain in chronological order; or, ROs can be numbered sequentially in the frequency domain from low to high according to their frequency position, and then in the time domain in chronological order.
- multiple ROs within a time slot can be numbered uniformly, first in the time domain and then in the frequency domain.
- all frequency domain ROs at a time domain location can be numbered first, and then all frequency domain ROs can be numbered at a single time domain location.
- the first device randomly selects a Resource Identifier (RO) during the time slot in which it is preparing to initiate random access, and determines the resource identifier. For example, the first device determines that it is preparing to initiate random access when it receives a paging message, paging downlink control information, or information to be transmitted.
- RO Resource Identifier
- S2106 The second device sends the fifth message to the first device.
- the fifth piece of information can be used by the first device to determine whether random access was successful.
- the fifth piece of information indicating successful random access to the first device may include at least one of the following:
- a third value which is generated by the second device and used to identify the first device
- the device type information of the randomly accessed device is the device type information of the randomly accessed device.
- the fifth information may include the third value.
- the second device may obtain a third value by numbering the number of devices requesting random access within a specified time unit (e.g., a time slot). In other embodiments, the second device may obtain a third value by numbering the number of devices allowed to be randomly accessed within a specified time unit. There are various ways to determine the third value, which will not be listed here.
- the third value can be used to temporarily identify the first device when communicating between the first device and the second device after the first device has successfully accessed the network.
- the fifth message may include a denial symbol.
- the fifth message carrying any information capable of identifying the first device is not sent.
- S2107 The first device determines whether the random access of the first device is successful.
- the first device determines whether the random access of the first device is successful based on the fifth information.
- the first device determines whether the random access of the first device is successful based on the fifth information received within the timer's duration.
- the first device starts a timer after sending the fourth information.
- the duration of the timer can be configured by the second device or agreed upon by a protocol. If the duration of the timer is configured by the second device, the duration information can be carried in any message sent by the second device to the first device, such as the second information or the first information.
- determining whether the random access of the first device is successful based on the fifth information received within the timer's duration includes at least one of the following:
- the random access of the first device is determined to be successful based on whether the fifth message includes one or more of the first device's first value, the first device's second value, the first device's EPC, and the resource identifier.
- a time slot may be configured with a random access window, within which all random access responses are listened for.
- the first device can listen for the fifth information after sending the fourth information and upon entering the random access window without needing to listen to a timer. That is, starting a timer to determine when to listen for the second device sending the fifth information is an optional embodiment.
- the first device can determine whether its random access was successful based on whether the fifth information includes one or more of the first device's first value, the first device's second value, the first device's EPC, and the resource identifier. Similarly, the determination based on whether the fifth information includes...
- the first device's first value, the first device's second value, the first device's EPC, and one or more of the resource identifier are used to determine whether the random access of the first device was successful, including at least one of the following:
- the fifth piece of information includes the second value of the first device, it is determined that the random access of the first device was successful
- the fifth piece of information includes the EPC of the first device, it is determined that the random access of the first device was successful;
- the fifth piece of information includes the resource identifier of the first RO, it is determined that the random access of the first device was successful;
- the fifth information includes the first value of the first device and the resource identifier, it is determined that the random access of the first device was successful;
- the fifth information includes the first value of the first device and the EPC of the fifth information is not the EPC of the first device, it is determined that the random access of the first device has failed.
- the fifth information includes the second value of the first device and the EPC of the fifth information is not the EPC of the first device, it is determined that the random access of the first device has failed.
- the fifth information includes the resource identifier of the first RO of the first device and the EPC of the fifth information is not the EPC of the first device, then the random access of the first device is determined to be failed.
- the random access of the first device is determined to have failed.
- the random access of the first device is considered to have failed.
- the random access of the first device may be considered to have failed if the first device does not receive a response carrying a first value, a resource identifier, a second value, and/or an EPC.
- the random access of the first device can be considered as a failure if any one of the first value, second value, resource identifier, and EPC carried in the first information does not belong to the first device, then the random access of the first device can be considered as a failure.
- the random access of the first device can be considered successful if the first value, the second value, the resource identifier, and/or the EPC carried in the first information all belong to the first device, then the random access of the first device can be considered successful.
- the first device listens to any first information sent by the second device and determines whether the random access of the first device is successful based on the content of the first information.
- S2108 The first device sends the sixth message to the second device.
- the sixth information is used by the second device to determine whether the fifth information has been successfully received.
- the sixth information is used by the second device to determine whether the fifth information has been successfully received. For example, in this case, if the fifth information is not successfully received, the first device will not send the sixth information.
- the sixth message indicating successful reception of the fifth message by the first device includes at least one of the following:
- the first device requests the resource identifier of the RO that is randomly accessed
- the reception feedback may also indicate that the fifth message was not successfully received. For example, if the second device does not receive the fifth message within a certain period of time after sending the fourth message, it indicates that the sixth message was not received.
- S2108 is an optional step.
- this embodiment of the present disclosure provides a random access method, executed by a first device.
- the method may include:
- S3101 Receive the second information.
- a second message sent by a second device is received.
- the second message may be one or more messages.
- the second information includes one of the following:
- the first parameter is used to generate the first numerical value
- the second parameter is used to generate the second value.
- the relevant descriptions of the first device, the second device, and the second information can be found in S2101 of the embodiment corresponding to FIG2.
- the first device may determine whether it needs to communicate with the second device based on the second information or its own communication needs.
- step S3101 can be executed alone, and subsequent steps S3102 to S3108 are optional steps.
- the specific method by which the first device generates the first value can be found in S2102 of the embodiment corresponding to FIG2.
- S3103 Send third information.
- the third information may include the first value and/or the EPC of the first device.
- S3104 Receive first information.
- the first device receives first information sent by the second device.
- the first information may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following:
- the first value of the first device is the first value of the first device
- Configuration information is used to indicate one or more ROs. For example, if the configuration information is available to configure multiple ROs within a time slot, these multiple ROs can be frequency-division multiplexed and/or time-division multiplexed.
- steps S3101 to S3103 or S3101 to S3104 can be implemented in combination.
- the first device does not receive the first information carrying the configuration information of RO, then subsequent steps S3105 to S3108 are optional steps.
- the first device can report the first value to the second device via third information, and it is assumed that the second device has received the first value. In this case, receiving the first information is also an optional step, i.e., S3104 is also an optional step.
- S3105 Send the fourth message.
- the first device sends fourth information to the second device.
- the first device transmits fourth information on the first RO.
- the selection of the first RO can be found in the embodiment corresponding to Figure 2.
- the fourth information is used by the first device to request random access.
- the fourth information further includes at least one of the following:
- the first RO is the RO that transmits the fourth information
- the first device has an Electronic Goods Code (EPC).
- EPC Electronic Goods Code
- the first device receives fifth information sent by the second device.
- the fifth information indicating successful random access to the first device may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following:
- a confirmation character is used to indicate whether the random access of the first device was successful
- the first value of the first device is the first value of the first device
- the third value is generated by the second device and is used to temporarily identify the first device.
- the fifth message indicating a random access failure of the first device may include a denial symbol, or the first device may not receive the fifth message carrying its own identifier.
- the acknowledgment symbol (ACK), the second value, the first value, the third value, and the EPC of the first device are all optional.
- the second device sends the fifth message, it indicates that the random access of the first device was successful, so the ACK can be omitted.
- the second value, the first value, the third value, and the EPC of the first device are all identification information of the first device, and any one of them can be included in the fifth message; the others are optional.
- the fifth piece of information indicating a random access failure of the first device includes at least one of the following:
- the first device requests the resource identifier of the RO that is randomly accessed
- the fourth value is provided by the second device and is used to temporarily identify the first device
- the second device may not send the fifth message to the first device.
- S3107 Determine whether the random access of the first device was successful.
- S3107 For any optional embodiment of S3107, please refer to S2107 of the embodiment corresponding to FIG2.
- the success of random access for the first device is determined based on whether the fifth information includes one or more of the first device's first value, the first device's second value, the first device's EPC, and the resource identifier.
- determining whether the random access of the first device is successful based on whether the fifth information includes one or more of the first device's first value, the first device's second value, the first device's EPC, and the resource identifier includes at least one of the following:
- the fifth piece of information includes the second value of the first device, it is determined that the random access of the first device was successful
- the fifth piece of information includes the EPC of the first device, it is determined that the random access of the first device was successful;
- the fifth piece of information includes the resource identifier of the RO that the first device requested for random access, it is determined that the random access of the first device was successful;
- the fifth piece of information includes the first value of the first device and the resource identifier, it is determined that the random access of the first device was successful.
- the first device if the first device does not receive the fifth information, it can be considered that the random access of the first device has failed, that is, the random access of the first device has failed.
- the random access of the first device is considered to have failed.
- the random access of the first device may be considered to have failed if the first device does not receive a response carrying a first value, a resource identifier, a second value, and/or an EPC.
- the first device receives the fifth information within a preset time period after sending the fourth information.
- steps S3105 to S3108 are optional steps. For example, if the first device does not have a random access requirement, then steps S3105 to S3108 are optional steps.
- S3108 Send the sixth message.
- the first device sends a sixth message to the second device.
- the sixth information is used by the second device to determine whether the fifth information has been successfully received.
- the sixth message indicating successful reception of the fifth message by the first device includes at least one of the following:
- the first device requests the resource identifier of the RO that is randomly accessed
- any one of the RO resource identifier, first value, second value, fourth value, and EPC of the first device in the sixth information of the fifth information can be information that identifies the first device.
- S3108 is an optional step. For example, after the second device sends the fifth message, it will assume that the first device has received it. In this case, the first device does not need to inform the second device whether it has successfully received the fifth message.
- this embodiment of the disclosure provides a random access method, executed by a second device.
- the method may include:
- the second information is used for random access to the first device.
- the second information may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following:
- the first parameter is used to generate the first numerical value
- the second parameter is used to generate the second value.
- the first parameter may be the Q value of the embodiment corresponding to Figure 2.
- the second parameter may include, but is not limited to, the aforementioned f.
- the configuration information may be one or more sets of Random Access Channel (RACH) resources, which are the aforementioned random access resources.
- RACH Random Access Channel
- a set of RACH resources may include one or more ROs, which are frequency-division multiplexed and/or time-division multiplexed.
- the second information may be any command sent by a second device such as a base station or a UE to a first device.
- the second information may include, but is not limited to, one or more Random Access Resource Control (RRC) commands, MAC commands, or downlink control information.
- RRC Random Access Resource Control
- the first parameter is used to determine the range of values for the first numerical value.
- S4101 can be executed alone.
- the second device indicates the first parameter and/or the second parameter through the second information, so that the first device can determine when it can communicate with the second device. Whether the first device initiates communication with the second device may depend on the needs of the first device.
- S4102 Receive third information.
- third information sent by the first device is received.
- the third information may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following:
- a first numerical value for example, the first numerical value may be generated based on the aforementioned first parameter
- first information is sent to a first device.
- the first information may be a response to the third information.
- the first information may include at least one of the following:
- the first value of the first device is the first value of the first device
- the configuration information includes at least one of the following:
- Frequency domain information used to indicate the frequency domain resource set of random access resources
- Time-domain information is used to indicate the time-domain resource set of random access resources.
- the frequency domain resource set includes at least one random access channel and/or at least one sub-channel.
- the time-domain resource set includes one or more time slots; a time slot includes one or more random access opportunities (ROs).
- ROs random access opportunities
- S4104 Receive fourth information.
- fourth information is received on one or more ROs as indicated by configuration information.
- fourth information sent by the first device is received.
- the second device receives fourth information sent by the first device.
- the second device may receive fourth information sent by the first device based on the first information.
- the second device may send fourth information based on the stimulus of the first information.
- the fourth piece of information includes at least one of the following:
- Resource identifier used to identify the first RO that sends the fourth message
- the first device has an Electronic Goods Code (EPC).
- EPC Electronic Goods Code
- S4105 Send the fifth message.
- the second device sends a fifth message to the first device.
- a timer is used to send the fifth information within the timer's duration.
- the fifth information is sent within the random access window.
- the fifth information concerning the first device includes at least one of the following:
- the first device requests the resource identifier of the first RO (Resource Object) for random access;
- the third value is provided by the second device and used to temporarily identify the first device
- the second device may reject random access from the first device by sending a response to a fourth message containing a denial symbol.
- the second device rejects random access from the first device, and the second device may not need to send a response to the fourth information.
- the second device receives the sixth information sent by the first device.
- the sixth message indicating successful reception of the fifth message by the first device includes at least one of the following:
- the first device requests the resource identifier of the RO that is randomly accessed
- the reception feedback may also indicate that the fifth message was not successfully received. For example, if the second device does not receive the fifth message within a certain period of time after sending the fourth message, it indicates that the sixth message was not received.
- S4106 is an optional step.
- the tag after the tag receives a query command from the interrogator, the query command carries a Q, the value of which is (0..15).
- the tag will use a random number generator to generate a random number ( 0..2Q -1) based on this Q.
- the random number is decremented by 1 until it reaches 0. After the random number reaches 0, the tag can return a response to the interrogator based on a backscattering mechanism.
- the tag may need to receive numerous duplicate query commands to reduce the random number by 1. Receiving too many duplicate query commands can cause the tag to consume excessive power.
- This embodiment of the disclosure uses network-side control to temporarily stop listening to network commands for tags that generate large random numbers.
- network-side control can be used to restart tag listening, thus achieving the goal of saving tag power.
- EPC C1G2 EPC Global Class 1 Generation 2
- the EPC C1G2 standard primarily aims to provide a method for reading data from RFID tags, writing data to tags, and facilitating tag communication.
- the EPC C1G2 protocol standard is a half-duplex protocol, meaning that only one reader or one tag can send a signal during a single transmission. Therefore, the reader and tag will not send signals simultaneously. Furthermore, different tags operate serially.
- Figure 5A illustrates a communication method between a tag and a reader, which may include:
- Interrogator i.e., card reader
- commands which may include query commands, query call commands, or query repeat commands, etc.
- the interrogator sends an ACK command carrying a random number.
- This random number can be any random number.
- the tag receives the ACK command and determines a valid random number to respond to the interrogator (for example, whether the received ACK command contains a random number generated by itself; if it is a random number generated by itself, then the random number is valid), otherwise it does not respond.
- the interrogator repeatedly sends ACK commands, which carry repeated random numbers.
- the tag When the tag receives the ACK command, it determines a valid random number to respond to the interrogator; otherwise, it does not respond.
- the interrogator uses the script as a parameter to access the tag.
- the following example uses a tag as the first device and a card reader as the second device.
- the card reader may include, but is not limited to, an interrogator, a base station, or a UE.
- This disclosure addresses the issue of supporting multiple tags to simultaneously access the network during the initial access process in concurrent communication.
- Option 1 Random number determination based on contention-based initial access procedure.
- the tag receives commands from the network side. Based on the commands, the tag determines whether the next access opportunity is suitable for it. Furthermore, based on the commands, the tag can also determine the available set of frequency resources, time-domain resources, and/or access factors for random access.
- the frequency resource set can be indicated by the network side.
- the network side indication can be used for frequency information such as a sub-channel set for contention-based initial access. For instance, in a 920–925 MHz system bandwidth, with one sub-channel at 250 kHz, there are a total of 20 sub-channels, and the frequency set can be sub-channel sets such as 1, 2, 3, etc.
- the command can identify which sub-channels are used for the contention-based initial access process based on a bitmap. Each bit corresponds to one sub-channel. Setting a bit to 1 indicates the selection of the corresponding frequency domain set for contention-based initial access. A tag randomly selects frequency domain resources, such as sub-channels, from the frequency domain set.
- Information about frequency domain resource sets can also be carried through other signaling, such as paging messages, the first command to trigger inventory, or signaling similar to the query command in RFID.
- the set of temporal resources can be indicated by the network side.
- the network side indication can be used for contention-based initial access temporal resource set information; for instance, the network side can indicate the total number of initial access sub-times in that access time slot, e.g., N. It can also indicate the time interval between two adjacent time-domain sub-timings, such as L. The tag randomly selects the time-domain sub-timing.
- Time-domain resource sets can also be carried through other signaling, such as paging messages, the first command to trigger inventory, or signaling similar to the query command in RFID.
- the access factor f can be used to assist in generating random numbers, for example, by discretizing random numbers between different access slots on the network side.
- This access factor f can be one of the aforementioned second parameter.
- the tag receives the Q value from the network side. For example, the tag obtains the Q value from any DL command or inventory command.
- the Q value can be an integer.
- the Q value is used to generate a random number RN-a for the tag.
- the size of Q is related to the number of target tags.
- one or more random access windows are configured in a time slot, and multiple Remote Access Entities (ROs) are configured within the random access window.
- ROs Remote Access Entities
- These ROs are frequency-division multiplexed and/or time-division multiplexed, so that even if two tags generate the same random number, random access can be initiated by selecting different ROs, enabling concurrent random access for different devices.
- a random access window is configured on time slot k, and multiple ROs are configured within this window. These ROs can be distributed on different sub-channels and can be adjacent or discretely distributed in the time domain.
- a resource identifier (A-ID) is generated based on the randomly selected frequency domain resources and/or time domain resources mentioned above.
- the A-ID can be calculated as follows:
- a tag is assigned a random number RN-b, which is determined based on RN-a, A-ID, and/or access factor f.
- this could involve using a unified numbering system for time-domain and frequency-domain resources. For example, if there are N time-domain resources and M frequency-domain resources, and assuming that the number of time-domain resources for each frequency-domain resource is equal, then A-ID N * frequency-domain resource index + time-domain index.
- Frequency domain indexes can start from 0, numbering from low frequency to high frequency or from high frequency to low frequency.
- the time-domain index can also start from 0 and be numbered sequentially from the most recent.
- RN-b RN-a + A - ID + f
- RN-b RN-a XOR A-ID + f
- RN-b RN-a XOR (A-ID+f), etc.
- RN-b function(RN-a, A-ID, f) where f is an optional parameter.
- the tag identifies itself using RN-b.
- RN-b is carried in the first message of the initial access.
- This RN-b can be the second value mentioned above.
- RN-a can be the first value mentioned above.
- A-ID can be the resource identifier of the RO that initiated the random access, and f can be the second parameter mentioned above.
- this disclosure provides a random access method, which may include:
- Step 1 The reader sends a downlink command to the tag.
- This downlink command can be one of the aforementioned second pieces of information.
- the downlink command could be a query command or a query adjustment command in an inventory scenario.
- Step 2 The tag sends RN-a to the network side. It then waits to receive a response message from the reader.
- This RN-a can be the value mentioned in the first step.
- Step 3 The tag receives a response message from the reader, which may include, but is not limited to, an ACK.
- the response message contains configuration information for the RN-a and time-frequency resources.
- This time-frequency resource configuration information is used for random access of the tag. For example, a command containing the tag's permanent identifier may be sent.
- This time-frequency resource may include the aforementioned RO.
- step four If an ACK for RN-a is received at this step, proceed to step four.
- Step 4 The tag selects a time-frequency resource, determines the resource ID corresponding to the selected resource, and sends a command to the card reader.
- the command may include RN-b.
- RN-b is calculated based on RN-a and the resource ID. This RN-b may correspond to the aforementioned second value.
- the command includes the tag's EPC or both the EPC and RN-b.
- Step 5 The tag receives a response message, such as an ACK, from the reader.
- This response message includes EPC, and/or RN-b, and/or RN-a, and a resource ID.
- the response message may further include a temporary identifier RN-c configured on the network side.
- RN-c can be an identifier uniformly configured on the network side.
- RN-b may correspond to the aforementioned third value.
- the initial access is considered successful. If the network side configures a new random value, that random value is saved as a unique identifier for the tag during subsequent communication.
- the initial access is considered to have failed.
- a timer is started, and no response containing RN-a or RN-b is received before the timer expires, the access is considered to have failed.
- RN-b RN-a + A - ID + f
- RN-b RN-a XOR A-ID + f
- RN-b RN-a XOR (A-ID+f), etc.
- RN-b function(RN-a, A-ID, f) where f is an optional parameter.
- the tag identifies itself using RN-b.
- RN-b is carried in the first message of the initial access.
- This RN-b can be the second value mentioned above.
- RN-a can be the first value mentioned above.
- A-ID can be the resource identifier of the RO that initiated the random access, and f can be the second parameter mentioned above.
- this disclosure provides a random access method, which may include:
- Step 1 The reader sends a downlink command to the tag.
- This downlink command can be one of the aforementioned second pieces of information.
- the downlink command could be a query command or a query adjustment command in an inventory scenario.
- Step 2 The tag sends the RN-a to the network side. It then waits to receive a response message from the reader.
- Step 3 The tag receives a response message, such as an ACK, sent by the reader.
- the response message contains RN-a and time-frequency resource configuration information.
- the time-frequency resource configuration information is used by the tag to send subsequent commands, such as sending a command containing the tag's permanent identifier.
- step three If an ACK for RN-a is received at this step, proceed to step three. If no ACK containing RN-a is received, the access is considered to have failed.
- Step 4 Select the time-frequency resource using the tag, determine the resource ID of the resource, and send a command to the card reader.
- the command may also include EPC and/or resource ID, and/or RN-a.
- Step 5 The tag receives a response message from the reader, which includes the EPC.
- the response message may also include ACK, RN-b, and/or RN-a and/or resource ID.
- the initial access is considered successful. If the network side has configured a new random value, this random value is saved as a unique identifier for the tag during subsequent communication. If the response message from step five includes its own RN-b or RN-a but not its own EPC, the initial access is considered to have failed. Alternatively, a timer is started after sending the EPC; if no response containing RN-b or RN-a is received before the timer expires, the access is considered to have failed.
- This disclosure addresses the issue of supporting multiple tags simultaneously accessing the network during the initial access process in concurrent communication. This significantly increases the system capacity of Ambient IoT compared to RFID, while also reducing access latency.
- RN-b RN-a + A - ID + f
- RN-b RN-a XOR A-ID + f
- RN-b RN-a XOR (A-ID+f), etc.
- RN-b function(RN-a, A-ID, f) where f is an optional parameter.
- the tag identifies itself using RN-b.
- RN-b is carried in the first message of the initial access.
- This RN-b can be the second value mentioned above.
- RN-a can be the first value mentioned above.
- A-ID can be the resource identifier of the RO that initiated the random access, and f can be the second parameter mentioned above.
- This disclosure also provides apparatus for implementing any of the above methods.
- an apparatus is provided that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the terminal in any of the above methods.
- another apparatus is provided that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by a network device (e.g., an access network device, or a core network device) in any of the above methods.
- a network device e.g., an access network device, or a core network device
- the division of units or modules in the above device is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated.
- the units or modules in the device can be implemented by a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor connected to a memory containing commands; the processor calls the commands stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of the units or modules in the device.
- the processor can be, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory can be internal or external to the device.
- the units or modules in the device can be implemented as hardware circuits.
- the functions of some or all units or modules can be implemented through the design of the hardware circuits, which can be understood as one or more processors; for example...
- the aforementioned hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).
- ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
- the aforementioned hardware circuit can be implemented using a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gates. The connection relationships between these logic gates are configured through a configuration file, thereby realizing the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. All units or modules of the above device can be implemented entirely through processor-invoked software, entirely through hardware circuits, or partially through processor-invoked software with the remaining parts implemented through hardware circuits.
- PLD programmable logic device
- the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities.
- the processor can be a circuit with command reading and execution capabilities, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a type of microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP).
- the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. The logical relationships of the aforementioned hardware circuits are fixed or reconfigurable.
- the processor is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Hardware circuits implemented using ASICs (Integrated Circuits, ASICs) or programmable logic devices (PLDs), such as FPGAs.
- ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
- the process of a processor loading a configuration document to configure the hardware circuit can be understood as the processor loading commands to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules.
- it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as a type of ASIC, such as a Neural Network Processing Unit (NPU), a Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), or a Deep Learning Processing Unit (DPU).
- NPU Neural Network Processing Unit
- TPU Tensor Processing Unit
- DPU Deep Learning Processing Unit
- this embodiment of the present disclosure provides a first device, including:
- the receiving module 7101 is further configured to receive first information sent by the second device, the first information including configuration information; the configuration information is used to indicate multiple random access opportunities (ROs), the ROs being used for random access by the first device.
- first information sent by the second device the first information including configuration information
- the configuration information is used to indicate multiple random access opportunities (ROs), the ROs being used for random access by the first device.
- ROs random access opportunities
- the first device may further include a processing module and/or a transmitting module.
- the transmitting module and/or receiving module may correspond to the network interface and/or transceiver antenna of the first device.
- the processing module can be used by the first device to perform information processing-related steps in any random access method.
- the sending module can be used by the first device to perform information sending-related steps in any random access method.
- the receiving module can be used by the first device to perform information transmission-related steps in any random access method.
- the receiving module is configured to receive second information sent by the second device
- the processing module is configured to generate a first value based on the second information
- the sending module is configured to send third information to the second device; the third information includes the first value.
- the receiving module is configured to receive the first information sent by the second device after the third information has been sent.
- the configuration information includes at least one of the following:
- Frequency domain information used to indicate the frequency domain resource set of the random access resource
- Time-domain information is used to indicate the time-domain resource set of the random access resource.
- the frequency domain resource set includes at least one random access channel and/or at least one sub-channel.
- the time-domain resource set includes one or more time slots, one of the time slots includes one or more random access times (ROs), and the multiple ROs are frequency-division multiplexed and/or time-division multiplexed.
- ROs random access times
- the sending module is configured to select a first RO from the plurality of ROs and send fourth information to the second device; the fourth information is used by the first device to request random access.
- the fourth information further includes at least one of the following:
- the second value is generated based on the resource identifier or generated based on the resource identifier and the first value in the permanent identifier of the first device.
- the permanent identifier of the first device includes:
- the first device has an Electronic Goods Code (EPC).
- EPC Electronic Goods Code
- the second information includes at least one of the following:
- the first parameter is used to generate the first value
- the second parameter is used to generate the second value.
- the processing module is further configured to generate the second value based on the resource identifier
- the second value is generated based on the first value and the resource identifier.
- the receiving module is configured to receive fifth information sent by the second device
- the processing module is configured to determine whether the random access of the first device is successful based on the fifth information.
- the processing module is configured to determine whether the random access of the first device is successful based on the fifth information received within the timer's duration.
- the processing module is configured to perform one of the following:
- the processing module is configured to determine whether the first device has successfully connected based on the information content of the fifth information
- the fifth piece of information includes at least one of the following:
- the first value of the first device, the second value of the first device, the EPC of the first device, and the resource identifier of the processing module are configured to perform at least one of the following:
- the fifth piece of information includes the second value of the first device, it is determined that the random access of the first device was successful
- the fifth piece of information includes the EPC of the first device, it is determined that the random access of the first device was successful;
- the fifth piece of information includes the resource identifier of the first RO, it is determined that the random access of the first device was successful;
- the fifth information includes the first value of the first device and the resource identifier, it is determined that the random access of the first device was successful;
- the fifth information includes the first value of the first device and the EPC of the fifth information is not the EPC of the first device, it is determined that the random access of the first device has failed.
- the fifth information includes the second value of the first device and the EPC of the fifth information is not the EPC of the first device, it is determined that the random access of the first device has failed.
- the fifth information includes the resource identifier of the first RO of the first device and the EPC of the fifth information is not the EPC of the first device, then the random access of the first device is determined to be failed.
- the random access of the first device is determined to have failed.
- the fifth information further includes at least one of the following:
- a third value which is generated by the second device and used to identify the first device.
- an embodiment of this disclosure provides a second device, wherein the second device includes:
- the sending module 7201 is configured to send first information to the first device, the first information including configuration information, the configuration information being used to indicate multiple random access opportunities (ROs); the ROs are used for random access of the first device.
- first information including configuration information, the configuration information being used to indicate multiple random access opportunities (ROs); the ROs are used for random access of the first device.
- ROs random access opportunities
- the second device further includes a processing module and/or a receiving module.
- the transmitting module and/or receiving module may correspond to the network interface and/or transceiver antenna of the second device.
- the processing module can be used by the second device to perform information processing related to any random access method. step.
- the sending module can be used by the second device to perform information sending-related steps in any random access method.
- the receiving module can be used by the second device to perform information transmission-related steps in any random access method.
- the sending module is configured to send second information to the first device; the second information is used by the first device to randomly generate a first value;
- the receiving module is configured to receive third information sent by the first device; the third information includes the first value.
- the sending module is configured to send the third information to the first device upon receiving the third information.
- the configuration information includes at least one of the following:
- Frequency domain information used to indicate the frequency domain resource set of the random access resource
- Time-domain information is used to indicate the time-domain resource set of the random access resource.
- the frequency domain resource set includes at least one random access channel and/or at least one sub-channel.
- the time-domain resource set includes one or more time slots; one time slot includes one or more random access opportunities (ROs); and multiple ROs are frequency-division multiplexed and/or time-division multiplexed.
- ROs random access opportunities
- the receiving module is configured to receive fourth information sent by the first device; the fourth information is used by the first device to request random access.
- the fourth information further includes at least one of the following:
- the first RO is the RO that transmits the fourth information
- the first device has an Electronic Goods Code (EPC).
- EPC Electronic Goods Code
- the second information includes one of the following:
- the first parameter is used to generate the first value
- the second parameter is used to generate the second value.
- the sending module is configured to send fifth information to the first device; the fifth information is used by the first device to determine whether random access is successful.
- the fifth piece of information indicating successful random access to the first device includes at least one of the following:
- the first value of the first device is the first value of the first device
- the fifth information further includes at least one of the following: an acknowledgment
- a third value which is generated by the second device and used to identify the first device.
- This disclosure also provides a communication device, which may include one or more processors; wherein the processors are configured to invoke commands to cause the communication device to execute a random access method implementable in any of the foregoing embodiments.
- the communication device 8100 further includes one or more memories 8102 for storing commands.
- the memories 8102 may also be located outside the communication device 8100.
- the communication device may be the aforementioned terminal or network device.
- the network device may be a master node and/or a slave node.
- the communication device 8100 further includes one or more transceivers 8103.
- the communication steps such as sending and receiving in the above method are performed by the transceivers 8103, and other steps are performed by the processor 8101.
- a transceiver may include a receiver and a transmitter, which may be separate or integrated.
- transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, etc. may be used interchangeably; the terms transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, transmitting circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably; and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, receiving circuit, etc., may be used interchangeably.
- the communication device 8100 further includes one or more interface circuits 8104, which are connected to the memory 8102.
- the interface circuits 8104 can be used to receive signals from the memory 8102 or other devices, and can be used to send signals to the memory 8102 or other devices.
- the interface circuits 8104 can read commands stored in the memory 8102 and send the commands to the processor 8101.
- the communication device 8100 described in the above embodiments may be a network device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication device 8100 described in this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 8100 may not be limited by FIG8A.
- the communication device may be a standalone device or may be part of a larger device.
- the communication device may be: (1) a standalone integrated circuit IC, or chip, or chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the IC collection may also include storage components for storing data and programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, terminal device, smart terminal device, cellular phone, wireless device, handheld device, mobile unit, vehicle device, network device, cloud device, artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.
- Figure 8B is a schematic diagram of the structure of chip 8200 provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.
- the communication device 8100 can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to the schematic diagram of chip 8200 shown in Figure 8B, but it is not limited thereto.
- Chip 8200 includes one or more processors 8201, which are used to invoke commands to cause chip 8200 to execute any of the above random access methods.
- chip 8200 further includes one or more interface circuits 8202 connected to memory 8203.
- Interface circuits 8202 can be used to receive signals from memory 8203 or other devices, and can also be used to send signals to memory 8203 or other devices.
- interface circuit 8202 can read commands stored in memory 8203 and send those commands to processor 8201.
- terms such as interface circuit, interface, transceiver pin, and transceiver can be used interchangeably.
- chip 8200 further includes one or more memories 8203 for storing commands.
- all or part of the memories 8203 may be located outside of chip 8200.
- This disclosure also provides a storage medium storing commands that, when executed on a communication device 8100, cause the communication device 8100 to perform any of the methods described above.
- the storage medium is an electronic storage medium.
- the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but it can also be a storage medium readable by other devices.
- the storage medium can be a non-transitory storage medium, but it can also be a temporary storage medium.
- This disclosure also provides a program product, which, when executed by a communication device 8100, causes the communication device 8100 to perform any of the above random access methods.
- the program product is a computer program product.
- This disclosure also provides a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the above random access methods.
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Abstract
本公开实施例提供一种随机接入方法、通信设备及存储介质。由第一设备执行的随机接入方法包括:接收第二设备发送的第一信息;所述第一信息包括配置信息;所述配置信息用于指示多个随机接入时机RO;所述RO用于所述第一设备的随机接入。
Description
本公开涉及通信技术领域,尤其涉及一种随机接入方法、通信设备及存储介质。
环境物联网(Ambient Power enabled Internet of Things,Ambient-IoT)设备是一种支持环境能源(Ambient Power)的物联网设备,在特定使用场景可以通过来自环境的能量来为物联网设备以供动力。相比于窄带物联网(Narrowband Internet of Things,NB-IoT)设备,Ambient-IoT设备的复杂度和成本更低。
Ambient-IoT设备一般都是低功耗的设备,因此Ambient-IoT设备基于来自环境的能量或自身的电池也可能维持较长时间的工作。但是能量毕竟有限,一旦能量耗尽,则会使得Ambient-IoT设备在没有继续获取到来自环境的能量的情况下停止工作,从而影响用户的使用体验。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供一种随机接入方法、通信设备及存储介质。
根据本公开实施例的第一方面提供一种随机接入方法,由第一设备执行,所述方法包括:接收第二设备发送的第一信息,所述第一信息包括配置信息,所述配置信息用于指示多个随机接入时机RO,所述RO用于所述第一设备的随机接入。
根据本公开实施例的第二方面提供一种随机接入方法,其中,由第二设备执行,所述方法包括:向第一设备发送第一信息,所述第一信息包括配置信息,所述配置信息用于指示多个随机接入时机RO,所述RO用于所述第一设备的随机接入。
根据本公开实施例的第三方面提供一种第一设备,其中,所述第一设备包括:
接收模块,还被配置为接收第二设备发送的第一信息,所述第一信息包括配置信息,所述配置信息用于指示多个随机接入时机RO,所述RO用于所述第一设备的随机接入。
根据本公开实施例的第四方面提供一种第二设备,其中,所述第二设备包括发送模块,被配置为向第一设备发送第一信息;所述第一信息包括配置信息;所述配置信息用于指示多个随机接入时机RO;所述RO用于所述第一设备的随机接入。
根据本公开实施例的第五方面提供一种通信设备,其中,通信设备包括:一个或多个处理器;其中,处理器用于调用命令以使得通信设备执行前述第一方面至第二方面任意技术方式提供的随机接入方法。
根据本公开实施例的第六方面提供一种存储介质,其中,存储介质存储有命令,当命令在通信设备上运行时,使得通信设备执行第一方面至第二方面任意方面提供的随机接入方法。
根据本公开实施例的第七方面提供一种通信系统,其中,所述通信系统包括第一设备和第二设备;所述第一设备被配置为实现第一方面任一项所述的随机接入方法,所述第二设备被配置为实现第二方面任一项所述的随机接入方法。
本公开实施例提供的技术方式,第一设备可以通过第一信息携带有供第一设备随机接入的RO的配置信息,如此第一设备具有随机接入的需求时,第一设备可根据第一信息中携带的配置信息进行随机接入,从而实现第一设备的成功随机接入。
应当理解的是,以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的,并不能限制本公开实施例。
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分,示出了符合本公开实施例,并与说明书一起用于解释本公开实施例的原理。
图1A是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种通信系统的架构示意图;
图1B是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种基于反向散射传输机制进行无线通信的示意图之一;
图1C是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种反向散射传输机制进行无线通信的拓扑示意图之一;
图1D是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种基于反向散射传输机制进行无线通信的示意图之二;
图1E是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种反向散射传输机制进行无线通信的拓扑示意图之二;
图1F是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种反向散射传输机制进行无线通信的拓扑示意图之三;
图1G是根据一示例性实施例示出的三种反向散射传输机制进行无线通信的设备示意图;
图2是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入方法的交互示意图;
图3是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入方法的流程示意图之一;
图4是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入方法的流程示意图之二;
图5A是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入方法的流程示意图之一;
图5B是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入方法的流程示意图之二;
图6A是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入方法的流程示意图之三;
图6B是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入方法的流程示意图之四;
图7A是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种第一设备的结构示意图;
图7B是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种第二设备的结构示意图;
图8A是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种通信设备的结构示意图;
图8B是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种芯片的结构示意图。
本公开实施例提供一种随机接入方法、通信设备、通信系统及存储介质。
第一方面提供一种随机接入方法,其中,由第一设备执行,方法包括:接收第二设备发送的第一信息;所述第一信息包括配置信息,所述配置信息用于指示多个随机接入时机RO;所述RO用于所述第一设备的随机接入。
基于上述方案,第一设备可以通过第一信息携带有供第一设备随机接入的RO的配置信息,如此第一设备具有随机接入的需求时,第一设备可根据第一信息中携带的配置信息进行随机接入,从而实现第一设备的成功随机接入。
在第一方面的一些实施例中,所述方法还包括:
接收所述第二设备发送的第二信息;
根据所述第二信息生成第一数值;
向所述第二设备发送第三信息;所述第三信息包括所述第一数值。
在第一方面的一些实施例中,所述接收第二设备发送的第一信息,包括:
在发送完所述第三信息的情况下,接收所述第二设备发送的第一信息。
在第一方面的一些实施例中,所述配置信息包括以下至少一项:频域信息,用于指示所述随机接入资源的频域资源集;时域信息,用于指示所述随机接入资源的时域资源集。
基于上述方案,通过时域资源集和/或频域资源集的设置,可以使得多个设备并发发起随机接入,提升了随机接入的容量。
在第一方面的一些实施例中,所述频域资源集包括至少一个随机接入信道和/或至少一个子信道。
在第一方面的一些实施例中,所述时域资源集包括一个或多个时隙,一个所述时隙包括一个或多个随机接入时机RO,多个所述RO频分复用和/或时分复用。
在第一方面的一些实施例中,所述方法还包括:从所述多个RO中选择第一RO向所述第二设备发送第四信息;所述第四信息用于所述第一设备请求随机接入。
在第一方面的一些实施例中,所述第四信息还包括以下至少一项:
所述第一数值;
所述第一RO的资源标识;
第二数值,其中所述第二数值根据所述资源标识生成或根据所述资源标识和所述第一数值生成;所述第一设备的永久标识。
基于上述方案,可以通过所述第一RO的资源标识、第二数值和/或第一设备的EPC均可用于标识第一设备。
在第一方面的一些实施例中,所述第一设备的永久标识包括:所述第一设备的电子商品码EPC。
在第一方面的一些实施例中,所述第二信息包括以下至少一项:第一参数,用于生成所述第一数值;第二参数,用于生成所述第二数值。
基于上述方案,第一参数和/或第二参数通过第二信息发送,如此第一设备可以通过第二信息就能够获取到后续随机接入所需的参数。
在第一方面的一些实施例中,所述方法还包括以下至少一项:基于所述资源标识生成所述第二数值;基于所述第一数值和所述资源标识生成所述第二数值。
基于上述方案提供了两种第二数值的方式,具体实现时局限于上述两种方式,如此通过第二数值进一步区分请求随机接入的设备。例如,假设两个设备生成的第一数值相同,则第二数值依然相
同的概率会降低,因此通过引入第二数值可以进一步区分不同的设备,以实现不同设备的并发随机接入。
在第一方面的一些实施例中,所述资源标识和所述第二数值之间满足如下函数关系之一:RN2=RN1+RID;RN2=RN1+RID+f;RN2=RN1XORRID;RN2=RN1XORRID+f;RN2=RN1XOR(RID+f);RN2=F1(RN1,RID);RN2=F2(RN1,RID,f);所述RN2为所述第二数值;所述RN1为所述第一数值;所述RID为所述资源标识;所述f为第二参数;所述F1为第一函数;所述F2为第二函数。
在第一方面的一些实施例中,所述方法还包括:接收所述第二设备发送的第五信息;根据所述第五信息确定所述第一设备的随机接入是否成功。
基于上述方案,通过第五信息的接收可简便确定第一设备的随机接入是否成功。
在第一方面的一些实施例中,所述根据所述第五信息确定所述第一设备的随机接入是否成功,包括以下至少一项:
根据在定时器定时时长内接收的第五信息,确定所述第一设备的随机接入是否成功;
在所述定时器的定时时长内未接收到第五信息的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败。
基于上述方案,根据定时器的定时时长内接收到第五信息,确定第一设备的随机接入是否成功。
在第一方面的一些实施例中,所述根据所述第五信息确定所述第一设备的随机接入是否成功,包括:
根据所述第五信息的信息内容,确定所述第一设备是否接入成功;
所述第五信息包括以下至少一项:
所述第一设备的第一数值;
所述第一设备的第二数值;
所述第一设备的EPC;
所述资源标识。
在第一方面的一些实施例中,所述根据所述第五信息的信息内容,确定所述第一设备是否接入成功,包括以下至少一项:
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的第二数值的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入成功;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的EPC的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入成功;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一RO的资源标识的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入成功;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的所述第一数值以及所述资源标识的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入成功;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的所述第一数值且所述第五信息的EPC不是所述第一设备的EPC的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的所述第二数值且所述第五信息的EPC不是所述第一设备的EPC的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的所述第一RO的资源标识且所述第五信息的EPC不是所述第一设备的EPC的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败;
在所述第五信息包含所述第一设备的第一数值且所述第五信息包含的第二数值不是所述第一设备的第二数值,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败。
在第一方面的一些实施例中,在第五信息指示所述第一设备的随机接入成功的情况下,所述第五信息还包括以下至少一项:确认符;第三数值,所述第三数值由所述第二设备生成且用于标识所述第一设备。
基于上述方案,通过第三数值的发送,可以实现第二设备对随机接入的设备的临时标识的统一管理。
第二方面提供一种随机接入方法,其中,由第二设备执行,其中,所述方法包括向所述第一设备发送第一信息,所述第一信息包括配置信息,所述配置信息用于指示多个随机接入时机RO,所述RO用于所述第一设备的随机接入。
在第二方面的一些实施例中,向第一设备发送第二信息;所述第二信息用于所述第一设备随机生成第一数值;
接收所述第一设备发送的第三信息;所述第三信息包括所述第一数值。
在第二方面的一些实施例中,
所述向所述第一设备发送第一信息,包括:
在接收到所述第三信息的情况下,向所述第一设备发送第三信息。
在第二方面的一些实施例中,所述第一信息还包括所述第一设备的第一数值。
在第二方面的一些实施例中,所述配置信息包括以下至少一项:频域信息,用于指示所述随机接入资源的频域资源集;时域信息,用于指示所述随机接入资源的时域资源集。
在第二方面的一些实施例中,所述频域资源集包括至少一个随机接入信道和/或至少一个子信道。
在第二方面的一些实施例中,所述时域资源集包括一个或多个时隙;一个所述时隙包括一个或多个随机接入时机RO;多个所述RO频分复用和/或时分复用。
在第二方面的一些实施例中,所述方法还包括:接收所述第一设备发送的第四信息;所述第四信息用于所述第一设备请求随机接入。
在第二方面的一些实施例中,所述第四信息还包括以下至少一项:第一数值、第一RO的资源标识;所述第一RO为传输所述第四信息的RO;
第二数值,其中所述第二数值根据所述资源标识生成;所述第一设备的电子商品码EPC。
在第二方面的一些实施例中,所述资源标识和所述第二数值之间满足如下函数关系之一:RN2=RN1+RID;RN2=RN1+RID+f;RN2=RN1XORRID;RN2=RN1XORRID+f;RN2=RN1XOR(RID+f);RN2=F1(RN1,RID);RN2=F2(RN1,RID,f);所述RN2为所述第二数值;所述RN1为所述第一数值;所述RID为所述资源标识;所述f为第二参数;所述F1为第一函数;所述F2为第二函数。
在第二方面的一些实施例中,所述第二信息包括以下之一:第一参数,用于生成所述第一数值;第二参数,用于生成所述第二数值。
在第二方面的一些实施例中,所述方法还包括:
向所述第一设备发送第五信息,所述第五信息用于所述第一设备确定随机接入是否成功。
在第二方面的一些实施例中,指示所述第一设备的随机接入成功的第五信息包括以下至少一项:
所述第一设备的第一数值、所述第一设备的第二数值、所述第一设备的EPC以及所述资源标识。
在第二方面的一些实施例中,在所述第一设备的随机接入成功的情况下,所述第五信息还包括以下至少一项:
确认符;
第三数值,所述第三数值由所述第二设备生成且用于标识所述第一设备。
第三方面提供一种第一设备,其中,所述第一设备包括:接收模块,还被配置为接收第二设备发送的第一信息;所述第一信息包括配置信息;所述配置信息用于指示多个随机接入时机RO;所述RO用于所述第一设备的随机接入。
第四方面提供一种第二设备,其中,所述第二设备包括:发送模块,被配置为向第一设备发送第一信息,所述第一信息包括配置信息,所述配置信息用于指示多个随机接入时机RO,所述RO用于所述第一设备的随机接入。
第五方面,本公开实施例提供一种通信设备,通信设备包括:一个或多个处理器;
其中,处理器用于调用命令以使得通信设备执行第一方面至第二方面的可选实现方式所描述的随机接入方法。
第六方面,本公开实施例提供了一种存储介质,其中,存储介质存储有命令,当命令在通信设备上运行时,使得通信设备执行第一方面至第二方面的可选实现方式所描述的随机接入方法。
第七方面,本公开实施例一种通信系统,其中,通信系统包括第一设备和第二设备;第一设备被配置为实现第一方面任一项的随机接入方法,第二设备被配置为实现第二方面任意技术方案的随机接入方法。
第八方面,本公开实施例提供了一种程序产品,程序产品被通信设备执行时,使得通设备执行第一方面至第二方面的可选实现方式所描述的随机接入方法。
第九方面,本公开实施例提供了一种计算机程序,当其在计算机上运行时,使得计算机执行第一方面至第二方面的可选实现方式所描述的随机接入方法。
可以理解地,上述终端、网络设备以及通信系统、程序产品、计算机程序均用于执行本公开实施例所提供的方法。因此,其所能达到的有益效果可以参考对应方法中的有益效果,此处不再赘述。
本公开实施例提出了一种随机接入方法、通信设备、通信系统及存储介质。本公开实施例并非穷举,仅为部分实施例的示意,不作为对本公开保护范围的具体限制。在不矛盾的情况下,某一实施例中的每个步骤均可以作为独立实施例来实施,且各步骤之间可以任意组合,例如,在某一实施例中去除部分步骤后的方式也可以作为独立实施例来实施,且在某一实施例中各步骤的顺序可以任意交换,另外,某一实施例中的可选实现方式可以任意组合;此外,各实施例之间可以任意组合,例如,不同实施例的部分或全部步骤可以任意组合,某一实施例可以与其他实施例的可选实现方式任意组合。
在各本公开实施例中,如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突,各实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性,且可以互相引用,不同实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
本公开实施例中所使用的术语只是为了描述特定实施例的目的,而并非作为对本公开的限制。
在本公开实施例中,除非另有说明,以单数形式表示的元素,如“一个”、“一种”、“该”、“上述”、、“前述”、“这一”等,可以表示“一个且只有一个”,也可以表示“一个或多个”、“至少一个”等。例如,在翻译中使用如英语中的“a”、“an”、“the”等冠词(article)的情况下,冠词之后的名词可以理解为单数表达形式,也可以理解为复数表达形式。
在本公开实施例中,“多个”是指两个或两个以上。
在一些实施例中,“至少一者(至少一项、至少一项、至少一个)(at least one of)”、“一个或多个(one or more)”、“多个(a plurality of)”、“多个(multiple)等术语可以相互替换。
在一些实施例中,“A、B中的至少一者”、“A和/或B”、“在一情况下A,在另一情况下B”、“一情况A,另一情况B”等记载方式,根据情况可以包括以下技术方式:在一些实施例中A(与B无关地执行A);在一些实施例中B(与A无关地执行B);在一些实施例中从A和B中选择执行(A和B被选择性执行);在一些实施例中A和B(A和B都被执行)。当有A、B、C等更多分支时也类似上述。
在一些实施例中,“A或B”等记载方式,根据情况可以包括以下技术方式:在一些实施例中A(与B无关地执行A);在一些实施例中B(与A无关地执行B);在一些实施例中从A和B中选择执行(A和B被选择性执行)。当有A、B、C等更多分支时也类似上述。
本公开实施例中的“第一”、“第二”等前缀词,仅仅为了区分不同的描述对象,不对描述对象的位置、顺序、优先级、数量或内容等构成限制,对描述对象的陈述参见权利要求或实施例中上下文的描述,不应因为使用前缀词而构成多余的限制。例如,描述对象为“字段”,则“第一字段”和“第二字段”中“字段”之前的序数词并不限制“字段”之间的位置或顺序,“第一”和“第二”并不限制其修饰的“字段”是否在同一个消息中,也不限制“第一字段”和“第二字段”的先后顺序。再如,描述对象为“等级”,则“第一等级”和“第二等级”中“等级”之前的序数词并不限制“等级”之间的优先级。再如,描述对象的数量并不受序数词的限制,可以是一个或者多个,以“第一装置”为例,其中“装置”的数量可以是一个或者多个。此外,不同前缀词修饰的对象可以相同或不同,例如,描述对象为“装置”,则“第一装置”和“第二装置”可以是相同的装置或者不同的装置,其类型可以相同或不同;再如,描述对象为“信息”,则“第一类信息”和“第二类信息”可以是相同的信息或者不同的信息,其内容可以相同或不同。
在一些实施例中,“包括A”、“包含A”、“用于指示A”、“携带A”,可以解释为直接携带A,也可以解释为间接指示A。
在一些实施例中,“……”、“确定……”、“在……的情况下”、“在……时”、“当……时”、“若……”、“如果……”等术语可以相互替换。
在一些实施例中,“大于”、“大于或等于”、“不小于”、“多于”、“多于或等于”、“不少于”、“高于”、“高于或等于”、“不低于”、“以上”等术语可以相互替换,“小于”、“小于或等于”、“不大于”、“少于”、“少于或等于”、“不多于”、“低于”、“低于或等于”、“不高于”、“以下”等术语可以相互替换。
在一些实施例中,装置等可以解释为实体的、也可以解释为虚拟的,其名称不限定于实施例中所记载的名称,“装置”、“设备(equipment)”、“设备(device)”、“电路”、“网元”、“节点”、“功能”、“单元”、“部件(section)”、“系统”、“网络”、“芯片”、“芯片系统”、“实体”、“主体”等术语可以相互替换。
在一些实施例中,“网络”可以解释为网络中包含的装置(例如,接入网设备、核心网设备等)。
在一些实施例中,“接入网设备(access network device,AN device)”、“无线接入网设备(radio
access network device,RAN device)”、“基站(base station,BS)”、“无线基站(radio base station)”、“固定台(fixed station)”、“节点(node)”、“接入点(access point)”、“发送点(transmission point,TP)”、“接收点(reception point,RP)”、“发送接收点(transmission/reception point,TRP)”、“面板(panel)”、“天线面板(antenna panel)”、“天线阵列(antenna array)”、“小区(cell)”、“宏小区(macro cell)”、“小型小区(small cell)”、“毫微微小区(femto cell)”、“微微小区(pico cell)”、“扇区(sector)”、“小区组(cell group)”、“服务小区”、“小区(carrier)”、“分量小区(component carrier)”、“带宽部分(bandwidth part,BWP)”等术语可以相互替换。
在一些实施例中,“终端(terminal)”、“终端设备(terminal device)”、“用户设备(user equipment,UE)”、“用户终端(user terminal)”、“移动台(mobile station,MS)”、“移动终端(mobile terminal,MT)”、订户站(subscriber station)、移动单元(mobile unit)、订户单元(subscriber unit)、无线单元(wireless unit)、远程单元(remote unit)、移动设备(mobiledevice)、无线设备(wireless device)、无线通信设备(wireless communication device)、远程设备(remote device)、移动订户站(mobile subscriber station)、接入终端(access terminal)、移动终端(mobile terminal)、无线终端(wireless terminal)、远程终端(remote terminal)、手持设备(handset)、用户代理(user agent)、移动客户端(mobile client)、客户端(client)等术语可以相互替换。
在一些实施例中,接入网设备、核心网设备、或网络设备可以被替换为终端。例如,针对将接入网设备、核心网设备、或网络设备以及终端间的通信置换为多个终端间的通信(例如,设备对设备(device-to-device,D2D)、车联网(vehicle-to-everything,V2X)等)的结构,也可以应用本公开的各实施例。在该情况下,也可以设为终端具有接入网设备所具有的全部或部分功能的结构。此外,“上行”、“下行”等术语也可以被替换为与终端间通信对应的术语(例如,“侧行(side)”)。例如,上行信道、下行信道等可以被替换为侧行信道,上行链路、下行链路等可以被替换为侧行链路。
在一些实施例中,终端可以被替换为接入网设备、核心网设备、或网络设备。在该情况下,也可以设为接入网设备、核心网设备、或网络设备具有终端所具有的全部或部分功能的结构。
在一些实施例中,获取数据、信息等可以遵照所在地国家的法律法规。
在一些实施例中,可以在得到用户同意后获取数据、信息等。
此外,本公开实施例的表格中的每一元素、每一行、或每一列均可以作为独立实施例来实施,任意元素、任意行、任意列的组合也可以作为独立实施例来实施。
如图1A所示的终端101可为反向散射传输机制进行无线通信的任意设备。终端可为第一设备。
如图1B所示,反向散射传输机制可是:利用射频信号反向散射原理,以极低功耗的调制与传输技术的一种无线通信机制。读取器向环境物联网(ambient IoT)设备发送物理层信号。该物理层信号可为脉冲信号等各种交流电信号。在一些实施例中,该物理层信号用于提供环境物联网(ambient IoT)设备发射信号的能量。因此,该物理层信号可以称之为激励信号或触发信号。示例性地,由于激励信号到达环境物联网(ambient IoT)设备时一部分会被反射,而环境物联网(ambient IoT)设备可以按照拟发送信息调整接收天线和阻抗之间的匹配,增强对入射激励信号的反射,并将自身获取的感知数据调制到该反射信号上,完成对数据的发送。这一过程类似于反光镜,相对于其他通信技术,反向散射传输无需复杂的射频结构,减少功率放大器、高精度晶振、双工器、高精度滤波器等器件使用,也不需要复杂的基带处理,因此,能够简化环境物联网(ambient IoT)设备设计,大幅降低环境物联网(ambient IoT)设备节点成本。环境物联网(ambient IoT)设备为使用环境能工作的IoT设备。该环境能可包括前述无线信号的信号能,还可以包括地热能和/或光能等其他环境能力。
反向散射通信已经广泛应用于射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)系统中,形成很多规模化商用的案例。其工作原理是接收机(一般为RFID阅读器)发送射频激励信号,激活无源节点(一般为RFID电子签),电子标签利用反向散射通信将自身信息调制到该射频信号上,阅读器接收到无源电子标签的反射信号并进行解调,实现信息传输。
目前FRID技术也存在诸多缺点,例如覆盖距离小(通信过程中无线信号会经历往返的双重路径衰落,因此路径损耗大,有效通信距离短),单信道传输,需要严格对准标签,无功率控制等。RFID技术在通信方面存在很大的改进空间。需要融合第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project,3GPP)通信技术改善RFID技术在无源物联网方面的无线通信性能。
我们目标的这种新型的物联网设备具有低内存,低处理能力,低电量,小数据传输,海量投放的特点。环境物联网设备可以免维护,使用寿命长(例如超过10年)。
该新型物联网设备需要采集网络节点发送的无线电波获得能量后才可以驱动自身进行工作。因此,在获得能量之前,该物联网设备通常处于“关机”状态,即脱网状态。为此,通信系统需要支
持更短传输时长,更低内存消耗,更便捷终端管理的数据通信方式以尽快完成数据通信过程。
反向散射传输的网络拓扑架构可以包括以下之一项:
拓扑架构1:如图1C所示,环境物联网(ambient IoT)设备和接入网设备之间直接进行上行(UpLink,UL)和下行(DownLink,DL)的数据传输;
拓扑架构2:如图1D所示,ambient IoT设备和接入网设备之间间接的进行DL和UL的数据传输;中间存在中间节点(或称为辅助节点)做转发,例如中间节点可以是中继(relay),集成接入回传(Integrated access Backhaul,IAB),用户设备(User Equipment,UE),中继器(repeater,RP)。
拓扑架构3:如图1E所示,ambient IoT设备和接入网设备之间在DL或者UL直接进行数据接收或传输;然后在UL或者DL上存在辅助节点,该辅助节点负责接收或者发送UL或者接收DL数据。例如辅助节点可以是中继(relay),接入回传一体化(IAB)节点、终端、网络控制的重复器(Network Controlled Repeater,NCR)。
拓扑架构4:如图1F所示,环境IoT设备和UE之间直接的进行DL和UL的数据接收和传输;UE负责收集数据,并将收集的数据转发给网络侧。
Ambient IOT通信(即ambient IOT device和基站(如图1C所示的拓扑架构1)和UE(如图1D所示的拓扑架构2)之间的通信)可以使用的频谱资源可以是频段内(in-band),保护频段(guard-band)或者独立组网(stand alone)三种形式。
其中,频段内(in-band)是使用正常新空口(New Radio,NR)通信的上行和/或下行频谱资源。
保护频段(guard-band)是使用正常NR通信DL和/或UL频谱的保护带的频谱资源。
独立组网(stand alone)是使用和正常NR通信无关的频谱资源。
如图1G所示,采用反向散射传输机制进行无线通信的设备可以分为三种类型:
设备A:没有能量存储,不能独立生成信号和/或放大信号,只能进行反向散射传输。
设备B:具有能量存储,不能独立生成信号,只能进行反向散射传输。存储的能量可以用于反向散射信号的放大。
设备C:具有能量存储,能独立生成信号,即具有用于传输的有源射频(Radio Frequency,RF)组件。
需要说明的是,图1G中每一个设备均具有两个网格,其中,第一个网格指示该设备是否具备独立生成信号的能力;第二个网格指示该设备是否具备能量存储的能力。当设备的网格为无填充的网格,说明该设备不具备该网格对应的能力;当设备的网格是有填充的网格,说明该设备具备该网格对应的能力。
在一些实施例中,针对于环境物联网(ambient IoT)设备做出以下约束:
第一类设备,峰值功耗约1μW,具有能量存储,初始采样频率偏移(Sampling Frequency Offset,SFO)高达10X ppm;设备中既没有下行放大功能也没有上行放大功能。设备的上行传输在外部提供的载波上反向散射;
第二类设备,峰值功耗小于或等于几百μW,具有能量存储,初始SFO高达10X ppm;设备中具有下行放大功能和/或上行放大功能。设备的上行传输可以由设备内部生成,或者在外部提供的载波上反向散射。其中,X根据工作组决定。
为了支持环境物联网(ambient IoT)设备的数据传输,网络中需要支持以下功能。网络中的一个设备可以支持一个或者多个功能。
作为能量源(Energy Source,ES)的功能,仅用于设备B和设备C。
下行传输(Downlink Transmission,DT)功能,发送指示信息到环境物联网设备,从而触发环境物联网设备的上行传输。
作为激励的功能,仅用于设备A和设备B,例如,通过发送连续波((Continuous Wave,CW))实现激励功能。环境物联网设备通过反向散射(BackScatter,BS)实现上行传输。CW实际上也是一种ES,环境物联网设备可以接收CW并储能。
上行接收(Uplink Receiver,UR)功能,接收环境物联网设备反向散射的上行信息,或者接收环境物联网设备主动传输的上行信息。
执行上述ES、DT、CW或者UR功能的设备可以是UE、中继(repeater)或者基站等。一个设备可以仅支持一种上述功能。或者,一个设备也可以同时支持多种上述功能。或者,一个设备也可以同时支持上述所有功能。
本公实施例提供一种随机接入方法,由通信系统执行。该方法可包括:
第一步骤:第二设备发送第一传输。
在一些实施例中,第一设备可为自身没有供电模块的无线设备、自身供电模块的供电能力及其弱的无线设备、自身具有供电模块但是供电模块已经丧失供电能力的无线设备、或者任意支持反向散射通信的无线设备。
在一些实施例中,第一设备可为任意无源设备、环境能设备或者环境物联网(ambient IoT)设备等。
示例性地,该第一设备可为图1G所示的设备A、设备B和/或设备C。
第二设备可为任意自身包含供电模块的通信设备。示例性地,该第二设备可为自身具有电池的各种类型的通信设备。例如,该通信设备可包括但不限于手机、平板电脑、车载设备、可穿戴式设备、智能家居设备和/或智能办公设备。
该第二设备可包括但不限于服务器或者应用功能(Application Function,AF)。
在一些实施例中,第二设备可为询问器(interrogator)和/或读取器(reader)等。
在一些实施例中,第一传输可为第二设备发送的任意传输,例如包括但不限于命令和/或各种信号。在一些实施例中,第一传输可为任意由第一设备确定如何处理第二设备在后续一段时间内命令的任意传输。
图2是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种随机接入方法的交互示意图。如图2所示,本公开实施例涉及随机接入方法,用于通信系统100,方法包括:
S2101:第二设备向第一设备发送第二信息。
在一些实施例中,第二设备向第一设备广播、组播或单播第二信息。
在一些实施例中,第一设备接收第二设备发送的第二信息。
示例性地,第一设备为IoT设备,第二设备可为IoT服务器。在一些实施例中,第一设备可环境IoT设备。第二设备可为普通的用户设备(User Equipmkent,UE)和/或基站等设备。示例性地,第二设备可为位于移动通信网络的信任域内的任意网络设备。还示例性地,第二设备可为位于移动通信网络的信任域内的任意网络设备,这种第二设备可通过网络开放功能等接入到移动通信网络。
在一些实施例中,第二信息可为第二设备发送的任意命令。示例性地,第二信息可为基站发送的下行链路(Downlink,DL)命令。
在一些实施例中,第二信息用于第一设备生成随机数;示例性地,该随机数可为第一数值。即第一数值为基于随机算法生成的随机数。在一些实施例中,随机数用于确定第一设备向第二设备发送信息的时机。示例性地,第一数值可用于在第一设备和第二设备之间通信的临时标识。例如,第一数值可至少用于第一设备和第二设备之间传输第三信息和第五信息时临时标识第一设备。还示例性地,第二数值还可用于第一设备完成随机接入之后与第二设备通信中临时标识第一设备。例如,若第二设备不为第一设备生成第三数值,则第二数值还可用于第一设备完成随机接入之后与第二设备通信中临时标识第一设备。
在一些实施例中,该随机接入可为初始接入中的随机接入、小区切换或小区重选过程中的随机接入、建立、恢复或重建RRC连接过程中的随机接入。
在一些实施例中,第二信息可用于触发第一设备的随机接入。
在一些实施例中,第二信息用于第一设备确定向第二设备发送信息的时机。
在一些实施例中,第二信息还可以作为第一设备的激励,如此,第一设备可以基于第二信息提供的能力与第二设备通信。
可以理解的是,第二设备通过向第一设备发送第二信息,使得第一设备能够根据第二信息生成随机数;以根据随机数确定是否向第二设备发送信息。
在一些实施例中,在盘存场景下该第二信息可包括任何一条或多条盘存命令。示例性地,第二信息可以是询问(Query)命令。还示例性地,该第二信息还可为查询重复(QueryRep)命令和/或查询调整(QueryAdjust)命令。
在一些实施例中,在一些实施例中,盘存命令可包括但不限于以下至少一项:
查询(Query)命令。标签(tag)收到查询命令后,符合第一设定标准被选择的每个标签(tag)产生一个随机数。随机数为指定值的每个标签(tag)都将向发送查询命令的设备返回响应。例如,该响应可携带有基于查询命令产生的一个随机数。该随机数可以用RN-a替代。基于查询命令返回响应的设备的状态进入到回复(reply)状态。符合第二设定标准的标签(tag)可修改自身的属性或标识从而退出监听标签(tag)群。该标签(tag)群内的标签(tag)将监听发送查询命令的设备的命令。示例性地,第二设定标准可为未被选择的标签(tag)。值得注意的是:此处以标签(tag)替代前述
第一设备。通过部分标签(tag)退出标签(tag)群,有利于减少重复识别。
查询调整(QueryAdjust)命令。标签(tag)收到有效命令后,基于查询调整(QueryAdjust)命令可重新产生一个随机数,其他的操作可类似查询命令。查询调整命令也可以简称为调整命令。
查询重复(QueryRepeat,QueryRep),标签(tag)收到重选重复命令后,标签(tag)原有的随机数减一。查询重复命令也可以称之为重复命令。
确认(Acknowledgement character,ACK)命令。示例性地,确认命令可是单播的命令。仅单一的标签(tag)才能收到有效ACK命令。该命令可用于标签(tag)基于查询命令或查询调整命令携带的随机数,该随机数可作为接收该ACK命令的标识。
否认(Non Acknowledgement character,NACK),标签(tag)收到有效NAK命令后,原本处于预备(Ready)或非激活(Killed)状态的标签(tag)以外,其他标签(tag)都转移到裁决(Arbitrate)状态。
在一些实施例中,第二信息可为寻呼命令。例如,该第二信息可为寻呼消息或者寻呼下行控制信息。
当然以上仅仅是对盘点场景下的命令举例说明,具体实现时不局限于上述举例。
在一些实施例中,第二信息包括以下至少一项:
第一参数,用于生成第一数值;
第二参数,用于生成第二数值。
在一些实施例中,第一参数可为任意能够用于随机生成第一数值的参数。
在一些实施例中,第一参数用于确定第一数值的取值范围。
在一些实施例中,第一参数可为Q,示例性地,根据第一参数生成的第一参数可为2Q-1或2Q。
在一些实施例中,Q具有一定的取值范围,不同第二信息携带的Q可为该取值范围内的任意值。例如,该取值范围可0到15、0到31或者0到63等。
在一些实施例中,第一参数的大小可与第一设备的类型相关。例如,不同类型的第一设备对应的第一参数的取值大小不同。还例如,具有不同功能或者不同应用场景下的第一设备对应的第一参数的取值大小不同。
在一些实施例中,第二参数可为一个或多个因子。示例性地,该因子可用于将第一数值转换为第二数值。
在一些实施例中,第二数值可用于临时标识第一设备。例如,第二数值可用于第一设备和第二设备之间通信时临时标识第一设备。例如,第二数值可用于在第四信息和第五信息传输时临时标识第一设备。
S2102:第一设备随机生成第一数值。
在一些实施例中,根据第一参数确定随机数大小范围。第一数值可为根据第一参数确定的随机数大小范围内的其中之一。
S2103:第一设备向第二设备发送第三信息。
在一些实施例中,第三信息包括第一数值。
在一些实施例中,第三信息用于第一设备请求RO的配置信息。
在一些实施例中,第一数值可用于确定第一设备与第二设备之间信息通信的时隙。
在一些实施例中,第一设备根据第一数值确定是否进入到发起随机接入的时隙。
在一些实施例中,第一设备根据接收的第二命令确定是否进入随机接入的时隙。
在一些实施例中,根据第二命令和/或第一数值,确定第一设备发起随机接入的时隙。
在一些实施例中,该随机接入可为包含在初始接入中的随机接入,也可以包括第一设备的RRC状态切换过程中的随机接入、小区切换或小区重选的随机接入。
在一些实施例中,根据第二命令和/或第一数值,确定第一设备发起随机接入的时隙,包括以下至少一项:
在第一数值小于或等于第四数值时,确定当前时隙为第一设备发起随机接入的时隙;
在第一数值小于或等于第四数值时,根据接收的第二命令的条数递减第一数值并将第一数值递减至第四数值时所在的时隙确定为第一设备发起随机接入的时隙;
根据第二命令的指示,确定第一设备发起随机接入的时隙;
在第一数值与第五数值之间的差小于或等于第四数值时,确定当前时隙为第一设备发起随机接入的时隙。示例性地,第五数值可由网络设备配置或协议约定。
在一些实施例中,第四数值可为任意取值,例如,第四数值可为网络侧或者协议约定的额数值。例如,第四数值可为0等。
在一些实施例中,在第一数值大于或等于第三数字的情况下,启动第一定时器且在第一定时器的运行时间内停止监听第二设备发送的命令;第一定位器超时,恢复对第二设备发送的命令监听;根据从第二设备监听到的命令种类,控制第一设备的行为。
在这种方式下,若第一设备启动第一定时器,则在第一定时器的定时时长内不监听第二设备发送的命令,从而节省第二设备的功耗。若第一定时器超时,第一设备可恢复对第二设备发送的命令的监听。
在一些实施例中,若监听到的第三命令,则更新第一数值。例如,第三命令可为携带调整第一数值的参数和/或指示的任意命令。例如,该第三命令另一个Q,该Q可用于更新第一设备当前存储的随机数。此时基于更新后的随机数重新确定第一设备发起随机接入的时隙。可选地,第二数值也可以同步更新,例如,基于更新后的第一数值重新生成第二数值。当然第二数值也可以不更新。
选项B:第一数值大于或等于第四数值,启动对第二设备的第一信号的监听,且根据第一信号确定第一设备发起随机接入的时机。例如,成功监听到第一信号确定监听到第一信号时所在的时隙或下一个时隙作为第一设备发起随机接入的时隙。或者,若第一信号指示第一设备发起随机接入或者进入通信状态,则确定接收到该第一信号的时隙或者下一个时隙为第一设备发起随机接入的时隙。
在一些实施例中,第一设备根据从第二设备接收的第二命令的跳数进行第一数值的递减。例如,第一设备接收到第二设备发送的一条第二命令则对第一数值进行减1操作。在第一数值被递减到第四数值时对应的时隙为第一设备与第二设备进行通信的时隙。
在一些实施例中,在接入到根据第一数值确定的时隙时,第一设备向第二设备发送第三信息。
在一些实施例中,第一设备基于第二信息生成第一数值之后,在生成第一数值的当前时隙或下一个时隙向第二设备发送第三信息。
在一些实施例中,第三信息包括但不限以下至少一项:
第一数值;
第一设备的EPC。
S2104:第二设备向第一设备发送第一信息。
在一些实施例中,第一信息用于向第一设备指示接收到第三信息。示例性地,第一信息用于向第一设备指示收到第一数值或第一设备的EPC。
在一些实施例中,第一信息还用于向第一设备发送用于随机接入的RO的配置信息。
在一些实施例中,所述第一信息包括:第一数值;
第一设备的EPC;
确认符;
配置信息。
在一些实施例中,该配置信息可为随机接入资源的配置。
在一些实施例中,该配置信息可配置一套或多套随机接入资源。一套随机接入资源可包括一个或多个RO。示例性地,该配置信息可在一个时隙内配置一套或多套随机接入资源。
值得注意的是:此处的RO可为发送第四信息的资源。在具体实现时,该可供第一设备发送第二资源也可以是其他名称,不局限于RO,总之该配置信息配置的是供第一设备发送第四信息的任意资源。
在一些实施例中,多个RO频分复用和/或时分复用。
在一些实施例中,配置信息包括以下至少一项:
频域信息,用于指示随机接入资源的频域资源集;
时域信息,用于指示随机接入资源的时域资源集。
在一些实施例中,频域资源集包括至少一个随机接入信道和/或至少一个子信道。
示例性地,该频域资源集可包括多个子信道。例如,将一个信道的带宽可划分为多个子信道。示例性地,一个子信道的带宽可为250kHz。该频域信息可包括一个比特位图,比特位图中一个比特对应于一个子信道,该比特的不同比特值用于指示一个子信道是否用于随机接入。示例性地,该比特的不同比特值可用于指示对应的子信道是否配置有RO。
在一些实施例中,时域资源集包括一个或多个时隙;一个时隙包括一个或多个随机接入时机RO。
在一些实施例中,多个RO时分复用和/或频分复用。示例性地,一个时隙具有多个RO,这多个RO频分复用和/或时分复用,如此,即便生成的第一数值相同的两个设备可以选择到不同的RO
在同一时隙及时发起随机接入,从而提升随机接入容量、且提升随机接入的效率。
在一些实施例中,第二设备允许第一设备接受所述第一设备的随机接入则第一信息可包括确认符,否则第一信息可包括否认符。
在一些实施例中,第二设备允许第一设备接受所述第一设备的随机接入,第二设备向第一设备发送包含配置信息的第一信息,否则第一信息可不包含配置信息。在这种情况下,确认符或否认符等确认反馈不是第一信息的可选信息。
在一些实施例中,第一信息可包括第一设备的第一数值。若第一设备发送完第一消息之后未接收到包含自身第一数值的第一信息,则确定随机接入失败。
S2105:第一设备向第二设备发送第四信息。
在一些实施例中,第四信息用于第一设备请求随机接入。该随机接入可发生在第一设备的初始接入、小区切换、小区重选或者连接建立过程中。
在一些实施例中,所述第四信息还包括以下至少一项:
第一数值;
所述第一RO的资源标识;
第二数值,其中所述第二数值根据所述资源标识生成或根据所述资源标识和所述第一数值生成;
第一设备的永久标识。在一些实施例中,第一设备的永久标识可包括:所述第一设备的电子商品码EPC。
在一些实施例中,第一RO的资源标识、第二数值和第一设备的EPC都可用于标识第一设备。
例如,第一RO的资源标识可用于第二设备区分可能具有相同第一数值但是在不同RO上发送第四信息的设备。
示例性地,第二数值是第一设备基于第一RO的资源标识生成的。
在一些实施例中,第二数值可是基于第一RO的资源标识和第一数值生成的。
在一些实施例中,第一设备生成第二数值。
在一些实施例中,第一设备接收第二设备生成的第二数值。例如,第一设备根据第一信息确定第二数值。即第一信息可携带第二数值。
在一些实施例中,第二数值,至少用于在第一设备随机接入过程中标识第一设备。
在一些实施例中,第一设备生成第二数值。例如,第一设备根据资源标识生成第二数值。又例如,第一设备根据资源标识和第一数值生成第二数值。例如,第一数值单独用于第一设备确定随机就接入的时机,而不用于参与第二数值的生成。在另一些实施例中,第一设备也可以结合资源标识和第一数值生成第二数值。
在一些实施例中,所述资源标识和所述第二数值之间满足如下函数关系之一:
RN2=RN1+Rx
RN2=RN1+RID;
RN2=RN1+RID+f;
RN2=RN1XORRID;
RN2=RN1XORRID+f;
RN2=RN1XOR(RID+f);
RN2=F1(RN1,RID);
RN2=F2(RN1,RID,f);
RN2=RN1+Rx
RN2=RN1+RID;
RN2=RN1+RID+f;
RN2=RN1XORRID;
RN2=RN1XORRID+f;
RN2=RN1XOR(RID+f);
RN2=F1(RN1,RID);
RN2=F2(RN1,RID,f);
Rx可为第一设备生成的另一个随机数,或与第一设备的设备类型或能力相关的参数值。所述RN2为所述第二数值;所述RN1为所述第一数值;所述RID为所述资源标识;所述f为第二参数;所述F1为第一函数;所述F2为第二函数。
示例性地,第一函数和第二函数可为不同的线性函数。又示例性地,第一函数和第二函数可为非线性函数,例如,双曲线函数或椭圆曲线函数等。当然以上仅仅资源标识和/或第一数值与第二数值之间的转换关系的举例。这些转换关系可用于第一设备和/或第二设备确定第二数值。
S2104可包括:第一设备确定资源标识,在该资源标识指示的第一RO上发送第四信息。
在一些实施例中,第一设备根据配置信息选择第一设备发起随机接入RO(即第一RO),并确
定第一RO的资源标识。示例性地,该资源标识用于指示第一设备发起随机接入的随机接入时机RO。
在一些实施例中,第一设备可以在自身发起随机接入的时隙随机选择自身发起随机接入的RO。
在一些实施例中,每一个时隙的多个RO的资源标识可对应于RO的编号。示例性地,针对多个频分复用和/或时分复用的RO,可以按照一定进行统一编号,该编号即为该RO的资源标识。
示例性地,将一个时隙内的多个RO先频域后时域的方式进行编号,例如,在频域按照频域位置从高到低依次对RO进行编号,在时域按照时间先后顺序编号;或者,在频域按照频域位置从低到高依次进行RO编号,并在时域按照时间先后顺序编号。
又示例性地,将一个时隙内的多个RO先时域后频域统一编号。例如,先将时域位置所有频域的RO编号之后进入到一个时域位置进行所有频域的RO编号。
在一些实施例中,第一设备在自身预备发起随机接入的时隙随机选择进行RO,并确定该资源标识。例如,第一设备在接收到寻呼消息或者寻呼下行控制信息或自身有待发送信息时确定预备发起随机接入。
S2106:第二设备向第一设备发送第五信息。
在一些实施例中,第五信息可用于第一设备确定随机接入是否成功。
在一些实施例中,指示第一设备的随机接入成功的第五信息可包括以下至少一项:
确认符;
第三数值,所述第三数值由所述第二设备生成且用于标识所述第一设备;
第一RO的资源标识;
第二数值;
第一数值;
第一设备的EPC;
随机接入被接收的设备的设备类型信息。
在一些实施例中,第二设备需要统一控制与第二设备通信的多个设备的设备标识,则第五信息可包括第三数值。
在一些实施例中,第二设备可根据指定时间单元(例如该指定时间单元可为时隙)内请求随机接入的设备的个数进行编号得到第三数值。在另一些实施例中,第二设备可根据指定时间单元内允许被随机接入的设备的个数进行编号得到第三数值。第三数值的确定方式有多种,此处就不在一一举例了。
在一些实施例中,第三数值可用于在第一设备随机接入成功之后的第一设备和第二设备之间通信时临时标识第一设备。
在一些实施例中,若第一设备的随机接入未被接收,则第五信息可包括否认符。或者,第一设备的随机接入未被接收,则不发送携带有任意能够标识第一设备的信息的第五信息。
S2107:第一设备确定第一设备的随机接入是否成功。
在一些实施例中,第一设备根据第五信息确定第一设备的随机接入是否成功。
在一些实施例中,第一设备根据在定时器定时时长内接收的第五信息,确定所述第一设备的随机接入是否成功。
在一些实施例中,第一设备在发送完所述第四信息之启动定时器。所述定时器的定时时长可由第二设备配置或者由协议约定。若该定时器的定时时长由第二设备配置,则该定时器的定时时长的时长信息可携带在第二信息或第一信息等任意一条第二设备发送给第一设备的消息中。
在一些实施例中,所述根据在定时器定时时长内接收的第五信息,确定所述第一设备的随机接入是否成功,包括以下至少一项:
在所述定时器的定时时长内接收到第五信息,根据所述第五信息是否包括所述第一设备的第一数值、所述第一设备的第二数值、所述第一设备的EPC以及所述资源标识中的一个或多个,确定所述第一设备的随机接入是否成功;
在所述定时器的定时时长内未接收到第五信息的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败。
在一些实施例中,一个时隙可配置有随机接入窗口,随机接入响应均会在该随机接入窗口内监听,如此,第一设备可以在发送完第四信息之后,在进入到随机接入窗口时监听第五信息而无需监听定时器。即启动定时器确定监听第二设备发送第五信息是可选实施例。
在无需启动定时器供第一设备监听第五信息的实施例中,第一设备可根据所述第五信息是否包括所述第一设备的第一数值、所述第一设备的第二数值、所述第一设备的EPC以及所述资源标识中的一个或多个,确定所述第一设备的随机接入是否成功。同样地,所述根据所述第五信息是否包括
所述第一设备的第一数值、所述第一设备的第二数值、所述第一设备的EPC以及所述资源标识中的一个或多个,确定所述第一设备的随机接入是否成功,包括以下至少一项:
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的第二数值的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入成功;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的EPC的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入成功;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一RO的资源标识的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入成功;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的所述第一数值以及所述资源标识的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入成功;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的所述第一数值且所述第五信息的EPC不是所述第一设备的EPC的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的所述第二数值且所述第五信息的EPC不是所述第一设备的EPC的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的所述第一RO的资源标识且所述第五信息的EPC不是所述第一设备的EPC的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败;
在所述第五信息包含所述第一设备的第一数值且所述第五信息包含的第二数值不是所述第一设备的第二数值,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败。
在一些实施例中,若第一设备在随机接入窗口内未接收到第五信息,则认为第一设备的随机接入失败。
在一些实施例中,若第一设备未接收到携带有第一数值、资源标识、第二数值和/或EPC的响应在,则可认为第一设备的随机接入失败。
在一些实施例中,第一信息中携带的第一数值、第二数值、资源标识以及EPC中任意一个不属于第一设备,则可认为该第一设备的随机接入失败。
在一些实施例中,第一信息中携带的第一数值、第二数值、资源标识和/或EPC均属于第一设备,则可认为该第一设备的随机接入成功。
在一些实施例中,第一设备监听第二设备发送的任何第一信息,根据第一信息的信息内容确定第一设备的随机接入是否成功。
S2108:第一设备向第二设备发送第六信息。
在一些实施例中,第六信息用于第二设备确定第五信息是否被成功接收。
在一些实施例中,第六信息用于第二设备确定第五信息是否被成功接收。例如,在这种情况下,未成功接收到第五信息,第一设备则不会发送第六信息。
在一些实施例中,第一设备指示成功接收到第五信息的第六信息包括以下至少一项:
确认符;
第一设备请求随机接入的RO的资源标识;
第一数值;
第二数值;
第三数值;
第一设备的EPC。
在另一些实施例中,该接收反馈也可以指示未成功接收到第五信息。例如,第二设备在发送完第四信息之后的特定时长内未接收到第五信息,则指示未接收到第五信息的第六信息。
在一些实施例中,S2108是可选步骤。
如图3所示,本公开实施例提供一种随机接入方法,由第一设备执行。该方法可包括:
S3101:接收第二信息。
在一些实施例中,接收第二设备发送的第二信息。该第二信息可为一条或多条。
在一些实施例中,第二信息包括以下之一:
第一参数,用于生成第一数值;
第二参数,用于生成第二数值。
在一些实施例中,第一设备、第二设备以及第二信息的相关描述可参见图2对应实施例的S2101。
在一些实施例中,第一设备可根据第二信息或自身的通信需求等确定是否需要与第二设备进行通信,此时S3101可单独执行,后续的步骤S3102至S3108都是可选步骤。
S3102:生成第一数值。
在一些实施例中,第一设备具体如何生成第一数值可参见图2对应实施例的S2102。
S3103:发送第三信息。
在一些实施例中,第三信息可包括第一数值和/或所述第一设备的EPC。
值得注意的是:该第三信息和发送第三信息的步骤的任意可选实施例可参见图2对应的S2103。
S3104:接收第一信息。
在一些实施例中,第一设备接收第二设备发送的第一信息。
在一些实施例中,该第一信息可包括但不限以下至少一项:
第一设备的EPC;
第一设备的第一数值;
配置信息,用于指示一个或多个RO。示例性地,若配置信息可用于在一个时隙内配置有多个RO,则这多个RO可频分复用和/或时分复用。
在一些实施例中,S3101至S3103或S3101至S3104可组合实施,例如,若第一设备未接收到携带有RO的配置信息的第一信息,则后续的步骤S3105至S3108都是可选步骤。再例如,第一设备可以将第一数值通过第三信息上报给第二设备且默认第二设备接收到第一数值,此时第一信息的接收也可选步骤,即S3104也是可选步骤。
S3105:发送第四信息。
在一些实施例中,第一设备向第二设备发送第四信息。
在一些实施例中,第一设备在第一RO上发送第四信息。在一些实施例中,第一RO的选择可参见图2对应的实施例。
在一些实施例中,所述第四信息用于所述第一设备请求随机接入。
在一些实施例中,所述第四信息还包括以下至少一项:
第一数值;
第一RO的资源标识;
所述第一RO为传输所述第四信息的RO;
第二数值,其中所述第二数值根据所述资源标识生成;
所述第一设备的电子商品码EPC。
S3106:接收第五信息。
在一些实施例中,第一设备接收第二设备发送的第五信息。
在一些实施例中,指示第一设备的随机接入成功的第五信息可包括但不限以下至少一项:
确认符,用于指示第一设备的随机接入是否成功;
第一设备的EPC;
第一设备的第一数值;
第一设备的第二数值;
第一RO的资源标识;
第三数值,第三数值由第二设备生成且用于临时标识第一设备。
在一些实施例中,指示第一设备的随机接入失败的第五信息可包括否认符,或者第一设备接收不到携带自身标识的第五信息。
在一实施例中,确认符ACK、第二数值、第一数值、第三数值、第一设备的EPC都是可选内容。例如,若第二设备发送第五信息,则说明表明第一设备的随机接入成功,如此该ACK可被省略。在一些实施例中,第二数值、第一数值和第三数值、第一设备的EPC都是第一设备的标识信息,第五信息中携带任意一个即可,其他都是可选内容。
在一些实施例中,指示第一设备随机接入失败的第五信息包括以下至少一项:
否认符;
第一设备请求随机接入的RO的资源标识;
确认符ACK;
第二数值;
第一数值;
第四数值;第四数值由第二设备提供且用于临时标识第一设备;
第一设备的EPC。
在一些实施例中,若第二设备指示不接受第一设备的随机接入,则可不向第一设备发送第五信息。
S3107:确定第一设备的随机接入是否成功。
该S3107的任意可选实施例,可参见图2对应实施例的S2107。
在一些实施例中,根据第五信息是否包括第一设备的第一数值、第一设备的第二数值、第一设备的EPC以及资源标识中的一个或多个,确定第一设备的随机接入是否成功。
在一些实施例中,根据第五信息是否包括第一设备的第一数值、第一设备的第二数值、第一设备的EPC以及资源标识中的一个或多个,确定第一设备的随机接入是否成功,包括以下至少一项:
在第五信息包括第一设备的第二数值的情况下,确定第一设备的随机接入成功;
在第五信息包括第一设备的EPC的情况下,确定第一设备的随机接入成功;
在第五信息包括第一设备请求随机接入的RO的资源标识的情况下,确定第一设备的随机接入成功;
在第五信息包括第一设备的第一数值以及资源标识的情况下,确定第一设备的随机接入成功。
在一些实施例中,若第一设备未接收到第五信息,可认为第一设备的随机接入失败,即第一设备的随机接入失败。
在一些实施例中,若第一设备在发送完的第四信息的预设时长内未接收到第五信息,则认为第一设备的随机接入失败。
在一些实施例中,若第一设备未接收到携带有第一数值、资源标识、第二数值和/或EPC的响应在,则可认为第一设备的随机接入失败。
在一些实施例中,第一设备在发送完第四信息的预设时长内接收第五信息。
在一些实施例中,S3105至S3108的步骤是可选步骤,例如,第一设备没有随机接入需求的情况下,则S3105至S3108是可选步骤。
S3108:发送第六信息。
在一些实施例中,第一设备向第二设备发送第六信息。
在一些实施例中,第六信息用于第二设备确定第五信息是否被成功接收。
在一些实施例中,第一设备指示成功接收到第五信息的第六信息包括以下至少一项:
确认符;
第一设备请求随机接入的RO的资源标识;
第一数值;
第二数值;
第四数值;
第一设备的EPC。
在一些实施例中,上述第五信息的第六信息中的RO的资源标识、第一数值、第二数值、第四数值和第一设备的EPC中任意一个都可为标识第一设备的信息。
在一些实施例中,S3108是可选步骤,例如,第二设备发送第五信息之后将默认第一设备接收到,此时第一设备也无需向第二设备告知自身是否成功接收到第五信息。
如图4所示,本公开实施例提供一种随机接入方法,由第二设备执行。该方法可包括:
S4101:发送第二信息。
在一些实施中,第二信息用于第一设备的随机接入。
示例性地,该第二信息的描述可参见图2对应的实施例。
在一些实施例中,第二信息可包括但不限于以下至少一项:
第一参数,用于生成第一数值;
第二参数,用于生成第二数值。
示例性地,该第一参数可为图2对应实施例的Q值。
又示例性地,第二参数可包括但不限于前述f。
在一些实施例中,该配置信息可为一套或多套随机接入信道(Random Access Channel,RACH)资源,RACH资源也即前述的随机接入资源。一套RACH资源可包括一个或多个RO,这多个RO频分复用和/或时分复用。
在一些实施例中,第二信息可为任意由基站或者UE等第二设备发送给第一设备的任意命令。示例性地,该第二信息可包括但不限于一个或多个随机接入资源控制RRC命令、MAC命令或下行控制信息。
在一些实施例中,第一参数用于确定第一数值的取值范围。
在一些实施例中,S4101可单独执行,例如,第二设备通过第二信息指示第一参数和/或第二参数,用于第一设备确定何时能够与第二设备进行通信,至于第一设备是否发起与第二设备之间的通信可取决于第一设备的需求。
S4102:接收第三信息。
在一些实施例中,接收第一设备发送的第三信息。
在一些实施例中,第三信息可包括但不限于以下至少一项:
第一数值;示例性地,该第一数值可为根据前述第一参数生成;
第一设备的EPC。
S4103:发送第一信息。
在一些实施例中,向第一设备发送第一信息。
在一些实施例中,第一信息可为针对第三信息的响应。
在一些实施例中,第一信息可包括以下至少一项:
第一设备的第一数值;
第一设备的EPC;
配置信息。
在一些实施例中,配置信息包括以下至少一项:
频域信息,用于指示随机接入资源的频域资源集;
时域信息,用于指示随机接入资源的时域资源集。
在一些实施例中,频域资源集包括至少一个随机接入信道和/或至少一个子信道。
在一些实施例中,时域资源集包括一个或多个时隙;一个时隙包括一个或多个随机接入时机RO。
S4104:接收第四信息。
在一些实施例中,根据配置信息指示的一个或多个RO上接收第四信息。
在一些实施例中,接收第一设备发送的第四信息。
在一些实施例中,第二设备接收第一设备发送的第四信息。例如,第二设备可接收第一设备基于第一信息发送的第四信息。还例如,第二设备基于第一信息第二设备基于第一信息的激励发送的第四信息。
第四信息包括以下至少一项:
第一数值;
第二数值;
资源标识,用于标识发送第四信息的第一RO;
第一设备的电子商品码EPC。
S4105:发送第五信息。
在一些实施例中,第二设备向第一设备发送第五信息。
在一些实施例中,在接收到第四信息之后定时器,在定时器的定时时长内发送第五信息。
在一些实施例中,在接收到第四信息之后,在随机接入窗口内发送第五信息。
在一些实施例中,针对第一设备的第五信息包括以下至少一项:
确认符ACK;
第一设备请求随机接入的第一RO的资源标识;
第二数值;
第一数值;
第三数值,示例性地,第三数值由第二设备提供且用于临时标识第一设备;
第一设备的EPC。
在一些实施例中,第二设备拒绝第一设备的随机接入,可发送针对第四信息且包含否认符的响应。
在另一些实施例中,第二设备拒绝第一设备的随机接入,第二设备可无需发送针对第四信息的响应。
S4106:接收第六信息。
在一些实施例中,第二设备接收第一设备发送的第六信息。
在一些实施例中,第一设备指示成功接收到第五信息的第六信息包括以下至少一项:
确认符;
第一设备请求随机接入的RO的资源标识;
第一数值;
第二数值;
第三数值;
第一设备的EPC。
在另一些实施例中,该接收反馈也可以指示未成功接收到第五信息。例如,第二设备在发送完第四信息之后的特定时长内未接收到第五信息,则指示未接收到第五信息的第六信息。
值得注意的是:S4106是可选步骤。
在一些实施例中,标签(tag)接收到询问器(interrogator)的查询(Query)命令后,查询(Query)命令携带一个Q,Q的取值是(0..15),标签(tag)会根据这个Q,利用随机数生成器生成一个随机数字(0..2Q-1)。
每当接收到一个查询重复命令,则这个随机数字就减1直到减到0。在随机数减到0之后,标签(tag)就可以基于反向散射机制向询问器(interrogator)返回响应。
在一些实施例中,如果标签(tag)生成的随机数字非常大,则标签(tag)可能会接收无数个查询重复命令才能随机数字减1到。这样过多的接收查询重复命令会导致标签(tag)费电。
本公开实施例通过网络侧控制对于生成随机数字较大的标签(tag)暂时不监听网络指令,需要标签(tag)监听的时候可以基于网络侧控制,使得标签(tag)重新开始监听。达到标签(tag)省电的目的。
遵守电子商品码全球等级1等级2(EPC global Class 1Generation 2,EPC C1G2)标准的RFID系统工作频段在860~960MHz。EPC C1G2标准主要致力于提供一个方法来读取RFID标签中的数据、向标签中写入数据以及标签通信。
EPC C1G2协议标准是半双工的协议,在一次传输中,只允许一个阅读器发送信号或是只有一个标签发送信号。因此阅读器和标签不会同时发送信号。而且不同的标签也是串行工作的。
在环境IOT设备通信过程中需要考虑并发通信,也就是在同一个时刻存在多个标签(tag)和网络侧进行1对1的操作,也就是接入命令(access command)类似命令的操作。所以需要保证句柄(handle)的唯一性。同时现有技术中的随机数的协商过程信令交互太多,太繁琐,影响通信效率。
图5A所示为一种标签和读卡器之间的通信方法,可包括:
1:询问器(也即读卡器),发送命令,该命令可包括查询命令、查询调命令或查询重复命令等。
2:假设标签生成的随机数等于0,标签向询问器发送生成的随机数,如果随机数不等于0标签不应答询问机。
3:询问器发送携带随机数的ACK命令。该随机数可为随机数。
4:标签接收ACK命令,确定有效随机数响应询问器,(例如,接收到ACK命令中是否自身生成的随机数,如果是自身生成的随机数,则该随机数为有效随机数),否则不响应。
5:询问器重复发送ACK命令,该ACK命令携带有重复的随机数。
6:标签接收到ACK命令,确定有效随机数响应询问器,否则不响应。
7:询问器使用剧本作为参数访问标签。
8:标签验证句柄。
以下以标签作为第一设备且以读卡器作为第二设备进行举例说明。读卡器可包括但不限于询问机、基站或者UE等。
本公开实施例解决并发通信过程中,初始接入的过程中支持多标签(tag)同时接入网络侧。
方案1:基于竞争的初始接入过程的随机数字确定。
标签(tag)接收到来自网络侧的命令。标签(tag)基于命令确定是否接下来的接入时机是否是自己的接入时机。进一步,基于命令,标签(tag)还可以确定可用的随机接入的频率资源集合,、时域资源集合和/或接入因子。
频率资源集合可由网络侧指示。示例性地,网络侧指示可以用于基于竞争的初始接入的频率信息,例如子信道集合。例如920~925M系统带宽中,250k一个子信道,总计20个子信道,频率集合可以子信道集合例如1,2,3等等。示例性地,该命令可以基于比特位图(bitmap)形式标识哪些子信道用于基于竞争的初始接入过程。每个比特(bit)对应一个子信道。在一个比特(bit)设置为1时代表选择对应基于竞争的初始接入的频域集合。标签(tag)在频域集合中随机选择频域资源,例如子信道。
频域资源集合的信息还可以通过其他信令携带,例如,寻呼消息(paging)、者触发盘存(inventory)的第一个命令,例如类似RFID中查询(Query)命令的信令。
时域资源集合可由网络侧指示。示例性地,网络侧指示可以用于基于竞争的初始接入的时域资源集合信息,例如网络侧可以指示在该接入时隙中总计有多少个初始接入子时机,例如N。网络侧
还可以指示相邻两个时域子时机之间的时间间隔,例如L。标签(tag)随机选择时域子时机。
时域资源集合的信息还可以通过其他信令携带,例如,寻呼消息(paging)、者触发盘存(inventory)的第一个命令,例如类似RFID中查询(Query)命令的信令。
接入因子f可用于辅助生成随机数字,例如网络侧考虑不同接入时隙(slot)之间的随机数字离散开来。该接入因子f可为前述第二参数的一种。
标签(tag)从网络侧接收Q值。例如,标签从任意一个DL命令中或者盘存命令中获取Q值。
示例性地,该Q值可为一个整数值。Q值用于标签(tag)生成随机数字RN-a。Q的大小选择和目标标签(tag)的数目有关系,网络侧发送Q之前,Q可以是读卡器(reader)自己产生或者核心网(Core Network,CN)推送的。
在一些实施例中,在一个时隙中配置一个或多个随机接入窗,在随机接入窗内配置多多个RO。这些RO频分复用和/或时分复用,如此,即便两个标签生成了相同的随机数,也可以通过选择不同的RO发起随机接入,实现不同设备的并发随机接入。例如,在图5B中,在时隙k上配置有随机接入窗,该窗口内配置有多个RO,这些RO可分布在不同的子信道上,且在时域相邻或离散分布。
标签(tag)根据上述随机选择的频域资源和/或时域资源,生成一个资源标识(A-ID)。
A-ID的计算可如下:
标签(tag)确定一个随机数字RN-b,根据RN-b的确定基于RN-a、A-ID和/或接入因子f。
具体的可以是:时域资源和频域资源拉通编号。例如,时域资源有N个且频域资源有M个、在假定每个频域资源的时域资源个数是相等的,那么A-ID=N*频域资源索引+时域索引。
频域索引可从0开始,从低频到高频开始编号或者从高频向低频开始编号。
时域索引也可从0开始,从最近到往后排序编号。
RN-b、RN-a、A-ID以及f之间的关系可为以下任意一种:
RN-b=RN-a+A-ID+f;
RN-b=RN-a XOR A-ID+f;
RN-b=RN-a+A-ID+f;
RN-b=RN-a XOR A-ID+f;
RN-b=RN-a XOR(A-ID+f)等等。
不排除任何计算方式和方法。RN-b=function(RN-a,A-ID,f)其中,f是可选参数。
在接下来的初始接入过程中,标签(tag)使用RN-b标识自身。例如在初始接入的第一条消息中携带RN-b。该RN-b可为前述第二数值。RN-a可为前述第一数值。A-ID可为前述发起随机接入的RO的资源标识,且f可为前述第二参数。
实施例1:
如图6A所示,本公开实施例提供过一种随机接入方法,可包括:
第一步:读卡器(reader)向标签(tag)发送下行命令。该下行命令可为前述第二信息的一种。例如,该下行命令可为盘存场景下的查询命令或查询调整命令。
第二步:标签(tag)发送RN-a给网络侧。等待接收读卡器(reader)响应消息。该RN-a可为前述第一数值。
第三步:标签(tag)接收到读卡器(reader)发送的响应消息,例如,该响应消息可包括不限于ACK。所述响应消息包含RN-a和时频资源的配置信息。所述时频资源的配置信息用于标签(tag)的随机接入。例如,发送包含标签(tag)永久标识的命令。该时频资源可包括前述的RO。
在这一步,如果接收到RN-a的ACK,则继续第四步。
如果没有接收到包含RN-a的ACK,则认为接入失败。
第四步:标签(tag)选择时频资源,根据选择的资源确定该资源对应的资源ID,并向读卡器发送命令。所述命令可包括RN-b。所述RN-b是基于RN-a和资源ID计算获取的。该RN-b可对应于前述第二数值。在一些实施例中,该命令包括标签的EPC或者EPC和RN-b。
第五步:标签(tag)接收到读卡器(reader)发送的响应消息,例如ACK,所述响应消息包含EPC,和/或RN-b,和/或RN-a和资源ID。该响应消息还可以进一步包含:网络侧配置的临时标识RN-c。RN-c可为网络侧统一配置的标识。示例性地,该RN-b可对应于前述第三数值。
在这一步,在第四步的响应消息中包含标签的EPC,则认为初始接入成功。如果网络侧配置了新的随机值,则保存该随机值,作为后续通信过程中标识标签(tag)的唯一标识。
如果接收到第五步中接收的响应消息包括标签的RN-a,或者RN-b但是不是自己的EPC,则认为初始接入失败。或者在发送EPC之后,启动定时器在定时器超时前未接收到任何包含RN-a或者RN-b的响应,则认为接入失败。
RN-b、RN-a、A-ID以及f之间的关系可为以下任意一种:
RN-b=RN-a+A-ID+f;
RN-b=RN-a XOR A-ID+f;
RN-b=RN-a+A-ID+f;
RN-b=RN-a XOR A-ID+f;
RN-b=RN-a XOR(A-ID+f)等等。
不排除任何计算方式和方法。RN-b=function(RN-a,A-ID,f)其中,f是可选参数。
在接下来的初始接入过程中,标签(tag)使用RN-b标识自身。例如在初始接入的第一条消息中携带RN-b。该RN-b可为前述第二数值。RN-a可为前述第一数值。A-ID可为前述发起随机接入的RO的资源标识,且f可为前述第二参数。
实施例2:
如图6B所示,本公开实施例提供过一种随机接入方法,可包括:
第一步:读卡器(reader)向标签(tag)发送下行命令。该下行命令可为前述第二信息的一种。例如,该下行命令可为盘存场景下的查询命令或查询调整命令。
第二步:标签(tag)发送RN-a给网络侧。等待接收读卡器(reader)响应消息。
第三步:标签(tag)接收到读卡器(reader)发送的响应消息,例如ACK,所述响应消息包含RN-a,和时频资源配置信息,所述时频资源配置信息用于标签(tag)发送接下里的命令,例如发送包含标签(tag)永久标识的命令。
在这一步,如果接收到RN-a的ACK,则继续第三步。如果没有接收到包含RN-a的ACK,则认为接入失败。
第四步:标签(tag)选择时频资源,确定该资源的资源ID,并发送命令给读卡器。所述命令还可以包含EPC和/或资源ID,和/或RN-a。
第五步:标签(tag)接收到读卡器(reader)发送的响应消息,所述响应消息包含EPC。在一些实施例中,该响应消息还可包括ACK、RN-b,和/或RN-a和/或资源ID。
在这一步,如果第五步的响应消息中包含标签EPC,则认为初始接入成功。如果网络侧配置了新的随机值,则保存该随机值,作为后续通信过程中标识标签(tag)的唯一标识。如果接收到第五步的响应消息包括自身的RN-b或者RN-a但是不是自身的EPC,则认为初始接入失败。或者在发送EPC之后启动定时器,在定时器超时前未接收到任何包含RN-b或者RN-a的响应,则认为接入失败。
本公开实施例解决并发通信过程中,初始接入的过程中支持多标签(tag)同时接入网络侧。使得ambient IOT的系统容量相比于RFID大幅度提升,接入时延也会降低。
RN-b、RN-a、A-ID以及f之间的关系可为以下任意一种:
RN-b=RN-a+A-ID+f;
RN-b=RN-a XOR A-ID+f;
RN-b=RN-a+A-ID+f;
RN-b=RN-a XOR A-ID+f;
RN-b=RN-a XOR(A-ID+f)等等。
不排除任何计算方式和方法。RN-b=function(RN-a,A-ID,f)其中,f是可选参数。
在接下来的初始接入过程中,标签(tag)使用RN-b标识自身。例如在初始接入的第一条消息中携带RN-b。该RN-b可为前述第二数值。RN-a可为前述第一数值。A-ID可为前述发起随机接入的RO的资源标识,且f可为前述第二参数。
在本公开实施例中,部分或全部步骤、其可选实现方式可以与其他实施例中的部分或全部步骤任意组合,也可以与其他实施例的可选实现方式任意组合。
在本公开实施例中,部分或全部步骤、其可选实现方式可以与其他实施例中的部分或全部步骤任意组合,也可以与其他实施例的可选实现方式任意组合。
本公开实施例还提供用于实现以上任一方法的装置,例如,提供一种装置,上述装置包括用以实现以上任一种方法中终端所执行的各步骤的单元或模块。再如,还提供另一种装置,包括用以实现以上任一种方法中网络设备(例如,接入网设备、或者核心网设备等)所执行的各步骤的单元或模块。
应理解以上装置中各单元或模块的划分仅是一种逻辑功能的划分,在实际实现时可以全部或部分集成到一个物理实体上,也可以物理上分开。此外,装置中的单元或模块可以以处理器调用软件的形式实现:例如装置包括处理器,处理器与存储器连接,存储器中存储有命令,处理器调用存储器中存储的命令,以实现以上任一种方法或实现上述装置各单元或模块的功能,其中处理器例如为通用处理器,例如中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit,CPU)或微处理器,存储器为装置内的存储器或装置外的存储器。或者,装置中的单元或模块可以以硬件电路的形式实现,可以通过对硬件电路的设计实现部分或全部单元或模块的功能,上述硬件电路可以理解为一个或多个处理器;例如,
在一种实现中,上述硬件电路为专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit,ASIC),通过对电路内元件逻辑关系的设计,实现以上部分或全部单元或模块的功能;再如,在另一种实现中,上述硬件电路为可以通过可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device,PLD)实现,以现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)为例,其可以包括大量逻辑门电路,通过配置文件来配置逻辑门电路之间的连接关系,从而实现以上部分或全部单元或模块的功能。以上装置的所有单元或模块可以全部通过处理器调用软件的形式实现,或全部通过硬件电路的形式实现,或部分通过处理器调用软件的形式实现,剩余部分通过硬件电路的形式实现。
在本公开实施例中,处理器是一种具有信号处理能力的电路,在一种实现中,处理器可以是具有命令读取与运行能力的电路,例如中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit,CPU)、微处理器、图形处理器(graphics processing unit,GPU)(可以理解为一种微处理器)、或数字信号处理器(digital signal processor,DSP)等;在另一种实现中,处理器可以通过硬件电路的逻辑关系实现一定功能,上述硬件电路的逻辑关系是固定的或可以重构的,例如处理器为专用集成电路((((application-specific integrated circuit,ASIC)或可编程逻辑器件((((programmable logic device,PLD)实现的硬件电路,例如FPGA。在可重构的硬件电路中,处理器加载配置文档,实现硬件电路配置的过程,可以理解为处理器加载命令,以实现以上部分或全部单元或模块的功能的过程。此外,还可以是针对人工智能设计的硬件电路,其可以理解为一种ASIC,例如神经网络处理单元(Neural Network Processing Unit,NPU)、张量处理单元(Tensor Processing Unit,TPU)、深度学习处理单元(Deep learning Processing Unit,DPU)等。
如图7A所示,本公开实施例提供一种第一设备,包括:
接收模块7101,还被配置为接收所述第二设备发送的第一信息,所述第一信息包括配置信息;所述配置信息用于指示多个随机接入时机RO,所述RO用于所述第一设备的随机接入。
在一些实施例中,第一设备还会包括处理模块和/或发送模块。
在一些实施例中,该发送模块和/或接收模块可对应于第一设备的网络接口和/或收发天线。
在一些实施例中,该处理模块可用于第一设备执行任意一个随机接入方法中的信息处理相关的步骤。
在一些实施例中,该发送模块可用于第一设备执行任意一个随机接入方法中的信息发送相关的步骤。
在一些实施例中,该接收模块可用于第一设备执行任意一个随机接入方法中的信息发送相关的步骤。
在一些实施例中,接收模块,被配置为接收所述第二设备发送的第二信息;
处理模块,被配置为根据所述第二信息生成第一数值;
发送模块,被配置为向所述第二设备发送第三信息;所述第三信息包括所述第一数值。
在一些实施例中,所述接收模块,被配置为在发送完所述第三信息的情况下,接收所述第二设备发送的第一信息。
在一些实施例中,所述配置信息包括以下至少一项:
频域信息,用于指示所述随机接入资源的频域资源集;
时域信息,用于指示所述随机接入资源的时域资源集。
在一些实施例中,所述频域资源集包括至少一个随机接入信道和/或至少一个子信道。
在一些实施例中,所述时域资源集包括一个或多个时隙,一个所述时隙包括一个或多个随机接入时机RO,多个所述RO频分复用和/或时分复用。
在一些实施例中,所述发送模块,被配置为从所述多个RO中选择第一RO向所述第二设备发送第四信息;所述第四信息用于所述第一设备请求随机接入。
在一些实施例中,所述第四信息还包括以下至少一项:
所述第一数值;
所述第一RO的资源标识;
第二数值,所述第二数值根据所述资源标识生成或根据所述资源标识和所述第一数值生成在;所述第一设备的永久标识。
在一些实施例中,所述第一设备的永久标识包括:
所述第一设备的电子商品码EPC。
在一些实施例中,所述第二信息包括以下至少一项:
第一参数,用于生成所述第一数值;
第二参数,用于生成所述第二数值。
在一些实施例中,处理模块,还被配置为基于所述资源标识生成所述第二数值;
基于所述第一数值和所述资源标识生成所述第二数值。
在一些实施例中,所述资源标识和所述第二数值之间满足如下函数关系之一:
RN2=RN1+RID;
RN2=RN1+RID+f;
RN2=RN1XORRID;
RN2=RN1XORRID+f;
RN2=RN1XOR(RID+f);
RN2=F1(RN1,RID);
RN2=F2(RN1,RID,f);
RN2=RN1+RID;
RN2=RN1+RID+f;
RN2=RN1XORRID;
RN2=RN1XORRID+f;
RN2=RN1XOR(RID+f);
RN2=F1(RN1,RID);
RN2=F2(RN1,RID,f);
所述RN2为所述第二数值;所述RN1为所述第一数值;所述RID为所述资源标识;所述f为第二参数;所述F1为第一函数;所述F2为第二函数。
在一些实施例中,接收模块,被配置为接收所述第二设备发送的第五信息;
处理模块,被配置为根据所述第五信息确定所述第一设备的随机接入是否成功。
在一些实施例中,所述处理模块,被配置为根据在定时器定时时长内接收的第五信息,确定所述第一设备的随机接入是否成功。
在一些实施例中,所述处理模块,被配置为执行以下之一:
根据在定时器的定时时长内接收的第五信息,确定所述第一设备的随机接入是否成功;
在所述定时器的定时时长内未接收到第五信息的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败。
在一些实施例中,所述处理模块被配置为根据所述第五信息的信息内容,确定所述第一设备是否接入成功;
所述第五信息包括以下至少一项:
所述第一设备的第一数值、所述第一设备的第二数值、所述第一设备的EPC以及所述资源标识所述处理模块,被配置为执行以下至少一项:
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的第二数值的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入成功;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的EPC的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入成功;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一RO的资源标识的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入成功;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的所述第一数值以及所述资源标识的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入成功;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的所述第一数值且所述第五信息的EPC不是所述第一设备的EPC的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的所述第二数值且所述第五信息的EPC不是所述第一设备的EPC的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败;
在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的所述第一RO的资源标识且所述第五信息的EPC不是所述第一设备的EPC的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败;
在所述第五信息包含所述第一设备的第一数值且所述第五信息包含的第二数值不是所述第一设备的第二数值,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败。
在一些实施例中,在第五信息指示所述第一设备的随机接入成功的的情况下,所述第五信息还包括以下至少一项:
确认符;
第三数值,所述第三数值由所述第二设备生成且用于标识所述第一设备。
如图7B所示,本公开实施例提供的一种第二设备,其中,第二设备包括:
发送模块7201,被配置为向所述第一设备发送第一信息,所述第一信息包括配置信息,所述配置信息用于指示多个随机接入时机RO;所述RO用于所述第一设备的随机接入。
在一些实施例中,第二设备还包处理模块和/或接收模块。
在一些实施例中,该发送模块和/或接收模块可对应于第二设备的网络接口和/或收发天线。
在一些实施例中,该处理模块可用于第二设备执行任意一个随机接入方法中的信息处理相关的
步骤。
在一些实施例中,该发送模块可用于第二设备执行任意一个随机接入方法中的信息发送相关的步骤。
在一些实施例中,该接收模块可用于第二设备执行任意一个随机接入方法中的信息发送相关的步骤。在一些实施例中,发送模块,被配置为向第一设备发送第二信息;所述第二信息用于所述第一设备随机生成第一数值;
接收模块,被配置为接收所述第一设备发送的第三信息;所述第三信息包括所述第一数值。
在一些实施例中,
所述发送模块,被配置为在接收到所述第三信息的情况下,向所述第一设备发送第三信息。
在一些实施例中,所述配置信息包括以下至少一项:
频域信息,用于指示所述随机接入资源的频域资源集;
时域信息,用于指示所述随机接入资源的时域资源集。
在一些实施例中,所述频域资源集包括至少一个随机接入信道和/或至少一个子信道。
在一些实施例中,所述时域资源集包括一个或多个时隙;一个所述时隙包括一个或多个随机接入时机RO;多个所述RO频分复用和/或时分复用。
在一些实施例中,接收模块,被配置为接收所述第一设备发送的第四信息;所述第四信息用于所述第一设备请求随机接入。
在一些实施例中,所述第四信息还包括以下至少一项:
第一数值;
第一RO的资源标识;
所述第一RO为传输所述第四信息的RO;
第二数值,其中所述第二数值根据所述资源标识生成;
所述第一设备的电子商品码EPC。
在一些实施例中,所述资源标识和所述第二数值之间满足如下函数关系之一:
RN2=RN1+RID;
RN2=RN1+RID+f;
RN2=RN1XORRID;
RN2=RN1XORRID+f;
RN2=RN1XOR(RID+f);
RN2=F1(RN1,RID);
RN2=F2(RN1,RID,f);
RN2=RN1+RID;
RN2=RN1+RID+f;
RN2=RN1XORRID;
RN2=RN1XORRID+f;
RN2=RN1XOR(RID+f);
RN2=F1(RN1,RID);
RN2=F2(RN1,RID,f);
所述RN2为所述第二数值;所述RN1为所述第一数值;所述RID为所述资源标识;所述f为第二参数;所述F1为第一函数;所述F2为第二函数。
在一些实施例中,所述第二信息包括以下之一:
第一参数,用于生成所述第一数值;
第二参数,用于生成所述第二数值。
在一些实施例中,所述发送模块,被配置为向所述第一设备发送第五信息;所述第五信息用于所述第一设备确定随机接入是否成功。
在一些实施例中,指示所述第一设备的随机接入成功的第五信息包括以下至少一项:
所述第一设备的第一数值;
所述第一设备的第二数值;
所述第一设备的EPC以及所述资源标识。
在一些实施例中在所述第一设备的随机接入成功的情况下,所述第五信息还包括以下至少一项:确认符;
第三数值,所述第三数值由所述第二设备生成且用于标识所述第一设备。
本公开实施例还提供一种通信设备,该通信设备可包括:一个或多个处理器;其中,处理器用于调用命令以使得通信设备执行前述任何一个实施例可实现的随机接入方法。
在一些实施例中,如图8A和/或图8B所示,通信设备8100还包括用于存储命令的一个或多个存储器8102。可选地,全部或部分存储器8102也可以处于通信设备8100之外。
该通信设备可为前述的终端以及网络设备。在一些实施例中,该网络设备可为主节点和/或辅助节点。
在一些实施例中,通信设备8100还包括一个或多个收发器8103。在通信设备8100包括一个或多个收发器8103时,上述方法中的发送接收等通信步骤由收发器8103执行,其他步骤由处理器8101执行。
在一些实施例中,收发器可以包括接收器和发送器,接收器和发送器可以是分离的,也可以集成在一起。可选地,收发器、收发单元、收发机、收发电路等术语可以相互替换,发送器、发送单元、发送机、发送电路等术语可以相互替换,接收器、接收单元、接收机、接收电路等术语可以相互替换。
可选地,通信设备8100还包括一个或多个接口电路8104,接口电路8104与存储器8102连接,接口电路8104可用于从存储器8102或其他装置接收信号,可用于向存储器8102或其他装置发送信号。例如,接口电路8104可读取存储器8102中存储的命令,并将该命令发送给处理器8101。
以上实施例描述中的通信设备8100可以是网络设备或者终端,但本公开中描述的通信设备8100的范围并不限于此,通信设备8100的结构可以不受图8A的限制。通信设备可以是独立的设备或者可以是较大设备的一部分。例如通信设备可以是:(1)独立的集成电路IC,或芯片,或,芯片系统或子系统;(2)具有一个或多个IC的集合,可选地,上述IC集合也可以包括用于存储数据,程序的存储部件;(3)ASIC,例如调制解调器(Modem);(4)可嵌入在其他设备内的模块;(5)接收机、终端设备、智能终端设备、蜂窝电话、无线设备、手持机、移动单元、车载设备、网络设备、云设备、人工智能设备等等;(6)其他等等。
图8B是本公开实施例提供的芯片8200的结构示意图。对于通信设备8100可以是芯片或芯片系统的情况,可以参见图8B所示的芯片8200的结构示意图,但不限于此。
芯片8200包括一个或多个处理器8201,处理器8201用于调用命令以使得芯片8200执行以上任一种随机接入方法。
在一些实施例中,芯片8200还包括一个或多个接口电路8202,接口电路8202与存储器8203连接,接口电路8202可以用于从存储器8203或其他装置接收信号,接口电路8202可用于向存储器8203或其他装置发送信号。例如,接口电路8202可读取存储器8203中存储的命令,并将该命令发送给处理器8201。可选地,接口电路、接口、收发管脚、收发器等术语可以相互替换。
在一些实施例中,芯片8200还包括用于存储命令的一个或多个存储器8203。可选地,全部或部分存储器8203可以处于芯片8200之外。
本公开还提供一种存储介质,上述存储介质上存储有命令,当上述命令在通信设备8100上运行时,使得通信设备8100执行以上任一种方法。可选地,上述存储介质是电子存储介质。可选地,上述存储介质是计算机可读存储介质,但也可以是其他装置可读的存储介质。可选地,上述存储介质可以是非暂时性(non-transitory)存储介质,但也可以是暂时性存储介质。
本公开还提供一种程序产品,上述程序产品被通信设备8100执行时,使得通信设备8100执行以上任一种随机接入方法。可选地,上述程序产品是计算机程序产品。
本公开还提供一种计算机程序,当其在计算机上运行时,使得计算机执行以上任一种随机接入方法。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后,将容易想到本公开实施例的其它实施方式。本公开旨在涵盖本公开实施例的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化,这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本公开实施例的一般性原理并包括本公开未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的,本公开实施例的真正范围和精神由下面的权利要求指出。
应当理解的是,本公开实施例并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构,并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本公开实施例的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限制。
Claims (36)
- 一种随机接入方法,其中,由第一设备执行,所述方法包括:接收第二设备发送的第一信息,所述第一信息包括配置信息,所述配置信息用于指示多个随机接入时机RO,所述RO用于所述第一设备的随机接入。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述方法还包括:接收所述第二设备发送的第二信息;根据所述第二信息生成第一数值;向所述第二设备发送第三信息。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其中,所述配置信息包括以下至少一项:频域信息,用于指示所述随机接入资源的频域资源集;时域信息,用于指示所述随机接入资源的时域资源集。
- 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中,所述频域资源集包括至少一个随机接入信道和/或至少一个子信道。
- 根据权利要求3或4所述的方法,其中,所述时域资源集包括一个或多个时隙,一个所述时隙包括一个或多个所述随机接入时机RO,多个所述RO频分复用和/或时分复用。
- 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的方法,其中,所述第一信息还包括所述第一数值。
- 根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中,所述方法还包括:在所述第一设备未接收到包含所述第一设备的第一数值的第一信息的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败。
- 根据权利要求2至7任一项所述的方法,其中,所述第二信息还包括:所述第一设备的第一数值。
- 根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的方法,其中,所述方法还包括:从所述多个RO中选择第一RO向所述第二设备发送第四信息,所述第四信息用于所述第一设备请求随机接入。
- 根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中,所述第四信息还包括以下至少一项:所述第一数值;所述第一RO的资源标识;第二数值,其中所述第二数值根据所述资源标识生成或根据所述资源标识和所述第一数值生成;所述第一设备的永久标识。
- 根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中,所述第一设备的永久标识包括:所述第一设备的电子商品码EPC。
- 根据权利要求2至11任一项所述的方法,其中,所述第二信息包括以下至少一项:第一参数,用于生成所述第一数值;第二参数,用于生成所述第二数值。
- 根据权利要求10或11所述的方法,其中,所述资源标识和所述第二数值之间满足如下函数关系之一:
RN2=RN1+RID;
RN2=RN1+RID+f;
RN2=RN1XORRID;
RN2=RN1XORRID+f;
RN2=RN1XOR(RID+f);
RN2=F1(RN1,RID);
RN2=F2(RN1,RID,f);所述RN2为所述第二数值;所述RN1为所述第一数值;所述RID为所述资源标识;所述f为第二参数;所述F1为第一函数;所述F2为第二函数。 - 根据权利要求1至13任一项所述的方法,其中,所述方法还包括:接收所述第二设备发送的第五信息;根据所述第五信息确定所述第一设备的随机接入是否成功。
- 根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中,所述根据所述第五信息确定所述第一设备的随机接入是否成功,包括以下至少一项:根据在定时器的定时时长内接收的第五信息,确定所述第一设备的随机接入是否成功;在所述定时器的定时时长内未接收到第五信息的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败。
- 根据权利要求14或15所述的方法,其中,所述根据所述第五信息确定所述第一设备的随机接入是否成功,包括:根据所述第五信息的信息内容,确定所述第一设备是否接入成功;所述第五信息包括以下至少一项:所述第一设备的第一数值;所述第一设备的第二数值;所述第一设备的EPC;所述资源标识。
- 根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中,所述根据所述第五信息的信息内容,确定所述第一设备是否接入成功,包括以下至少一项:在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的第二数值的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入成功;在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的EPC的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入成功;在所述第五信息包括所述第一RO的资源标识的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入成功;在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的所述第一数值以及所述资源标识的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入成功;在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的所述第一数值且所述第五信息的EPC不是所述第一设备的EPC的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败;在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的所述第二数值且所述第五信息的EPC不是所述第一设备的EPC的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败;在所述第五信息包括所述第一设备的所述第一RO的资源标识且所述第五信息的EPC不是所述第一设备的EPC的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败;在所述第五信息包含所述第一设备的第一数值且所述第五信息包含的第二数值不是所述第一设备的第二数值的情况下,确定所述第一设备的随机接入失败。
- 根据权利要求14至17任一项所述的方法,其中,在所述第五信息指示所述第一设备的随机接入成功的情况下,所述第五信息还包括以下至少一项:确认符;第三数值,所述第三数值由所述第二设备生成且用于标识所述第一设备。
- 一种随机接入方法,其中,由第二设备执行,其中,所述方法包括:向第一设备发送第一信息,所述第一信息包括配置信息,所述配置信息用于指示多个随机接入时机RO,所述RO用于所述第一设备的随机接入。
- 根据权利要求19所述的方法,其中,所述方法还包括:向第一设备发送第二信息,所述第二信息用于所述第一设备随机生成第一数值;接收所述第一设备发送的第三信息,所述第三信息包括所述第一数值。
- 根据权利要求20所述的方法,其中,所述第一信息还包括所述第一设备的第一数值。
- 根据权利要求19至21任一项所述的方法,其中,所述配置信息包括以下至少一项:频域信息,用于指示所述随机接入资源的频域资源集;时域信息,用于指示所述随机接入资源的时域资源集。
- 根据权利要求22所述的方法,其中,所述频域资源集包括至少一个随机接入信道和/或至少一个子信道。
- 根据权利要求19至23任一项所述的方法,其中,所述时域资源集包括一个或多个时隙;一个所述时隙包括一个或多个随机接入时机RO;多个所述RO频分复用和/或时分复用。
- 根据权利要求19至24任一项所述的方法,其中,所述方法还包括:接收所述第一设备发送的第四信息,所述第四信息用于所述第一设备请求随机接入。
- 根据权利要求25所述的方法,其中,所述第四信息还包括以下至少一项:第一RO的资源标识,所述第一RO为传输所述第四信息的RO;第二数值,其中所述第二数值根据所述资源标识生成;所述第一设备的电子商品码EPC。
- 根据权利要求26所述的方法,其中,所述资源标识和所述第二数值之间满足如下函数关系之一:
RN2=RN1+RID;
RN2=RN1+RID+f;
RN2=RN1XORRID;
RN2=RN1XORRID+f;
RN2=RN1XOR(RID+f);
RN2=F1(RN1,RID);
RN2=F2(RN1,RID,f);所述RN2为所述第二数值;所述RN1为所述第一数值;所述RID为所述资源标识;所述f为第二参数;所述F1为第一函数;所述F2为第二函数。 - 根据权利要求26或27所述的方法,其中,所述第二信息包括以下之一:第一参数,用于生成所述第一数值;第二参数,用于生成所述第二数值。
- 根据权利要求19至28任一项所述的方法,其中,所述方法还包括:向所述第一设备发送第五信息;所述第五信息用于所述第一设备确定随机接入是否成功。
- 根据权利要求29所述的方法,其中,所述第五信息包括以下至少一项:所述第一设备的第一数值;所述第一设备的第二数值;所述第一设备的EPC;所述资源标识。
- 根据权利要求30所述的方法,其中,在所述第五信息指示所述第一设备的随机接入成功的情况下,所述第五信息还包括以下至少一项:确认符;第三数值,所述第三数值由所述第二设备生成且用于标识所述第一设备。
- 一种第一设备,其中,所述第一设备包括:接收模块,还被配置为接收第二设备发送的第一信息,所述第一信息包括配置信息,所述配置信息用于指示多个随机接入时机RO,所述RO用于所述第一设备的随机接入。
- 一种第二设备,其中,所述第二设备包括:发送模块,被配置为向第一设备发送第一信息,所述第一信息包括配置信息,所述配置信息用于指示多个随机接入时机RO,所述RO用于所述第一设备的随机接入。
- 一种通信系统,其中,所述通信系统包括第一设备和第二设备;所述第一设备被配置为实现权利要求1至18中任一项所述的随机接入方法,所述第二设备被配置为实现权利要求19至31中任一项所述的随机接入方法。
- 一种通信设备,其中,所述通信设备包括:一个或多个处理器;其中,所述处理器用于调用命令以使得所述通信设备执行权利要求1至18或19至31中任一项所述的随机接入方法。
- 一种存储介质,其中,所述存储介质存储有命令,当所述命令在通信设备上运行时,使得所述通信设备执行权利要求1至18或19至31中任一项所述的随机接入方法。
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| WO2024037204A1 (zh) * | 2022-08-15 | 2024-02-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | 通信方法、装置及系统 |
| WO2024082969A1 (zh) * | 2022-10-19 | 2024-04-25 | 华为技术有限公司 | 一种随机接入方法以及装置 |
| WO2024082205A1 (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2024-04-25 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Techniques for triggering random access procedures at passive devices |
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| WO2024037204A1 (zh) * | 2022-08-15 | 2024-02-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | 通信方法、装置及系统 |
| WO2024082969A1 (zh) * | 2022-10-19 | 2024-04-25 | 华为技术有限公司 | 一种随机接入方法以及装置 |
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