WO2025200092A1 - 一种带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统及方法

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Publication number
WO2025200092A1
WO2025200092A1 PCT/CN2024/093253 CN2024093253W WO2025200092A1 WO 2025200092 A1 WO2025200092 A1 WO 2025200092A1 CN 2024093253 W CN2024093253 W CN 2024093253W WO 2025200092 A1 WO2025200092 A1 WO 2025200092A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
thermocouple
furnace
calibration furnace
thermocouple calibration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2024/093253
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周昭亮
赵婷婷
由志勋
李哲毓
原晨婧
韦宣
瞿丽莉
李思瑶
赵亮
马东森
杨柏依
郑峰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
Huaneng Laiwu Power Generation Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
Huaneng Laiwu Power Generation Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd, Huaneng Laiwu Power Generation Co Ltd filed Critical Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025200092A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025200092A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01KMEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K7/00Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
    • G01K7/02Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01KMEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K15/00Testing or calibrating of thermometers
    • G01K15/005Calibration
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the technical field of temperature field testing, and relates to a testing system and method, and specifically to a testing system and method for the temperature field of a thermocouple calibration furnace with a temperature-equalizing block.
  • thermocouple calibration furnace is a constant temperature device used for calibrating low-cost metal thermocouples and armored thermocouples, and is often used for high-temperature measurements.
  • the temperature field performance of a thermocouple calibration furnace plays a crucial role in the calibration of these thermocouples and is a key factor influencing the measurement uncertainty of industrial thermocouple calibration results.
  • the temperature field test of thermocouple calibration furnace is generally carried out on the empty furnace state, and then the dedicated temperature equalizing block of the thermocouple calibration furnace is directly placed at the geometric center of the thermocouple calibration furnace by default. Then, the PID feedback adjustment of the heating power of the thermocouple calibration furnace is performed according to its temperature control sensor to ensure the stability of temperature control and constant temperature when the load increases after the placement of the temperature equalizing block.
  • the position of the dedicated temperature equalizing block in the thermocouple calibration furnace is also a key point to ensure that its temperature field can meet the requirements of carrying out the work.
  • thermocouple calibration furnace Both ends of the thermocouple calibration furnace are sealed by positioning blocks, a standard thermocouple is placed in the quartz tube, a reference end of the standard thermocouple is connected to one end of a wire and then placed in a glass test tube, the tube mouth of the glass test tube is sealed, the glass test tube is placed in a reference end thermostat, and the other end of the wire is connected to an electrical measuring device;
  • thermocouple calibration furnace When used to obtain temperature field test parameters of a thermocouple calibration furnace with a temperature-averaging block, the thermocouple calibration furnace is provided with a temperature-averaging block, and the end of the quartz tube is inserted into the temperature-averaging block.
  • the geometric center of the internal cavity of the temperature-averaging block coincides with the position of the highest temperature point of the hollow furnace temperature field in the thermocouple calibration furnace.
  • the number of the standard thermocouples is two.
  • the end of the quartz tube is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the temperature-isolating block.
  • the present application discloses a method for testing the temperature field of a thermocouple calibration furnace with a temperature equalizing block, comprising the following steps:
  • thermoelectromotive force value measured by the standard thermocouple through electrical measuring equipment
  • thermocouple calibration furnace By measuring various points in the axial direction of the thermocouple calibration furnace, find the position of the highest point of the temperature field, calculate the temperature difference between other points and the highest point, and use this to determine the axial effective working area;
  • thermocouple calibration furnace By measuring each position point in the radial direction of the thermocouple calibration furnace, determine the maximum and minimum values of each position point, and calculate the temperature difference between the maximum and minimum values;
  • thermocouple calibration furnace According to the empty furnace temperature field test of the thermocouple calibration furnace, find the highest temperature point in the axial direction and The block is placed at a position where the geometric center of the cavity coincides with the highest temperature point, and the temperature field test in the axial and radial directions is carried out in a thermocouple calibration furnace with a temperature equalizing block at a constant temperature of 1000°C;
  • the temperature field test is performed on an empty thermocouple calibration furnace to confirm the position of the highest temperature point in the temperature field; an equalizing temperature block is placed in the thermocouple calibration furnace; when testing the temperature field of the thermocouple calibration furnace with an equalizing temperature block, the temperature difference of each position point in the axial direction and the radial direction is calculated respectively; the measurement results are compared with the technical indicators to determine whether the temperature field of the thermocouple calibration furnace with the equalizing temperature block meets the technical indicator requirements, so as to ensure that the temperature field of the thermocouple calibration furnace with the equalizing temperature block meets the requirements and ensure the accuracy and reliability of the calibration results of low-cost metal thermocouples and armored thermocouples.
  • FIG1 is a flow chart of Example 3.
  • FIG3 is a structural diagram of the second embodiment.
  • thermocouple calibration furnace 1 is the thermocouple calibration furnace
  • 2 is the quartz tube
  • 3 is the wire
  • 4 is the standard thermocouple
  • 5 is the glass test tube
  • 6 is the reference end thermostat
  • 7 is the electrical measuring equipment
  • 8 is the temperature equalizing block
  • 9 is the positioning block.
  • thermocouple calibration furnace 1 a standard thermocouple 4 , a quartz tube 2, a wire 3, a glass test tube 5, a reference end thermostat 6, and an electrical measuring device 7;
  • thermocouple calibration furnace 1 with a temperature equalizing block 8
  • the temperature field test system of a thermocouple calibration furnace with a temperature equalizing block described in this application includes a thermocouple calibration furnace 1 , a standard thermocouple 4 , a quartz tube 2 , a wire 3 , a glass test tube 5 , a reference end thermostat 6 , and an electrical measuring device 7 ;
  • thermocouple calibration furnace 1 Both ends of the thermocouple calibration furnace 1 are blocked by positioning blocks 9.
  • a temperature-equalizing block 8 is provided in the thermocouple calibration furnace 1.
  • the end of the quartz tube 2 is inserted into the temperature-equalizing block 8.
  • the standard thermocouple 4 is placed in the quartz tube 2.
  • the reference end of the standard thermocouple 4 is connected to one end of the wire 3 and then placed in a glass test tube 5.
  • the opening of the glass test tube 5 is closed.
  • the glass test tube 5 is located in the reference end thermostat 6.
  • the other end of the wire 3 is connected to the electrical measuring device 7.
  • the geometric center of the internal cavity of the temperature-averaging block 8 coincides with the position of the highest temperature point of the hollow furnace temperature field of the thermocouple calibration furnace 1 .
  • the outer diameter of the quartz tube 2 is (6-8) mm, and the inner diameter is (4-6) mm.
  • the end of the quartz tube 2 is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the temperature-equalizing block 8 .
  • the measuring end of the standard thermocouple 4 is located inside the quartz tube 2 .
  • the number of the standard thermocouples 4 is two, and the standard thermocouples 4 are standard platinum-rhodium 10-platinum thermocouples.
  • the temperature-balancing block 8 is an annular or socket-type structure, and is placed in two ways: at the furnace mouth or at the furnace tail.
  • the electrical measuring device 7 is a dual-channel nanovoltmeter.
  • the reference end thermostat 6 is an ice-water mixture insulation device for providing a temperature field of 0°C.
  • the length of the glass test tube 5 is greater than 210 mm and less than 250 mm, and the inner diameter is (4-6) mm.
  • the glass test tube 5 is filled with anhydrous ethanol, and the tube mouth of the glass test tube 5 is sealed with absorbent cotton.
  • the temperature field test furnace temperature of the thermocouple calibration furnace 1 is set to 1000°C.
  • the method for testing the temperature field of a thermocouple calibration furnace 1 with a temperature equalizing block 8 described in the present application includes the following steps:
  • Thermocouple calibration furnace 1 performs temperature field tests in the axial and radial directions at a constant temperature of 1000°C;
  • thermocouple 4 tests the actual temperature of the temperature field in the thermocouple calibration furnace 1;
  • the reference end thermostat 6 performs reference end temperature compensation on the standard thermocouple 4;
  • the electrical measuring device 7 collects the thermoelectromotive force value measured by the standard thermocouple 4;
  • the positive and negative poles of the standard thermocouple 4 are respectively connected to the positive and negative ends of a pair of wires 3 and connected together through a plastic hose to ensure that the positive and negative poles of the standard thermocouple 4 are in close contact with the positive and negative ends of the wires 3 without any loose connections. If there is poor contact, etc., insert the positive and negative ends into the glass test tube 5 in the reference end thermostat 6 respectively, seal the tube mouth of the glass test tube 5 with absorbent cotton, connect the other end of the wire 3 to the electrical measuring device 7, and ground the ground end of the electrical measuring device 7.
  • e i is the actual potential value of the standard thermocouple 4 at each position point in the axial direction of the positive stroke, is the measured average value of the positive stroke of the moving couple at each position in the axial direction
  • the standard thermocouple 4 is an S-type graduation number, and its nominal potential value at 1000°C is 9.587mV.
  • ej is the actual potential value of the standard thermocouple 4 at each position point in the axial direction. is the measured average value of the reverse stroke of the moving couple at each position in the axial direction,
  • the standard thermocouple 4 is an S-type graduation number, and its nominal thermoelectric potential value at 1000°C is 9.587mV.
  • e ij is the actual potential value of each position point of the standard thermocouple 4 in the axial direction.
  • e ij is the actual electric potential value of each position point of the standard thermocouple 4 in the axial direction
  • e max is the highest temperature point of the temperature field of the standard thermocouple 4 in the axial direction
  • ⁇ t ij is the temperature difference between the temperature field temperature of each position point and the highest point temperature
  • the standard thermocouple 4 is S-type graduation number
  • its nominal differential thermoelectric potential value at 1000°C is 0.01154mV/°C.
  • ⁇ e n is the actual potential difference of each position point of the standard thermocouple 4 in the radial direction, is the average value of the measurement of each position point of the moving couple in the radial direction, It is the average value of the measurements of each position point corresponding to the positive stroke of the fixed couple in the radial direction.
  • ⁇ em is the actual potential difference of each position point of the standard thermocouple 4 in the radial direction of the reverse stroke, is the average value of the measurement of each position point of the moving couple in the radial direction of the reverse stroke, To fix the couple in the reverse direction of the radial direction The average value of the measurements at each location corresponding to the process.
  • ⁇ e nm is the average value of the actual potential value difference of the standard thermocouple 4 at each position point in the radial direction
  • ⁇ e n is the actual potential value difference of the standard thermocouple 4 at each position point in the radial positive stroke
  • ⁇ e m is the actual potential value difference of the standard thermocouple 4 at each position point in the radial reverse stroke.
  • ⁇ e nm is the average value of the actual potential value difference of the standard thermocouple 4 at each position point in the radial direction
  • ⁇ e n is the actual potential value difference of the standard thermocouple 4 at each position point in the radial positive stroke
  • ⁇ e m is the actual potential value difference of the standard thermocouple 4 at each position point in the radial reverse stroke.
  • ⁇ t nm is the temperature difference between the temperature field of each position point in the radial direction and the center point of the standard thermocouple 4
  • ⁇ e nm is the average value of the actual potential value difference of each position point in the radial direction of the standard thermocouple 4
  • the standard thermocouple 4 is an S-type graduation number
  • its nominal differential thermoelectric potential value at 1000°C is 0.01154 mV/°C.
  • the two quartz tubes 2 pass through the holes of the limit plug of the temperature equalizing block 8 and are inserted into the bottom of the cavity of the temperature equalizing block 8.
  • the two quartz tubes 2 pass through the holes of the positioning block 9 and are inserted into the bottom of the cavity of the temperature equalizing block 8.
  • thermocouple calibration furnace 1 After heating the thermocouple calibration furnace 1 with the temperature-averaging block 8 to the set temperature point 1000, start timing for 60 minutes, which is the thermal equilibrium waiting time. After the time is up, observe the display value of the electrical measuring device 77. After confirming that the temperature field is stable, start the temperature field test.
  • thermocouple calibration furnace 1 with the temperature-averaging block 8 starts from the highest temperature point of the empty furnace temperature field in the axial direction as the 0-point position.
  • the standard thermocouple 4 at the center is a fixed couple and is always kept at the 0-point position during the test.
  • Another standard thermocouple 4 at the same horizontal position and parallel to it is a movable couple. Starting from the 0-point position, the temperature field test of each position point is carried out at the interval point according to the moving sequence of 0mm ⁇ 30mm ⁇ 0mm ⁇ -30mm ⁇ 0mm according to the marked interval. Each point is stabilized for 3 minutes.
  • the thermoelectromotive force values of the fixed couple and the movable couple are read respectively by the electrical measuring device 7, and the readings are not less than 4 times.
  • ej is the actual potential value of the standard thermocouple 4 at each position point in the axial direction. is the measured average value of the reverse stroke of the moving couple at each position in the axial direction,
  • the standard thermocouple 4 is an S-type graduation number, and its nominal thermoelectric potential value at 1000°C is 9.587mV.
  • e ij is the actual potential value of each position point of the standard thermocouple 4 in the axial direction.
  • e ij is the actual potential value of each position point of the standard thermocouple 4 in the axial direction
  • e max is the highest temperature point of the temperature field of the standard thermocouple 4 in the axial direction.
  • ⁇ e n is the actual potential difference of each position point of the standard thermocouple 4 in the radial direction, is the average value of the measurement of each position point of the moving couple in the radial direction, It is the average value of the measurements of each position point corresponding to the positive stroke of the fixed couple in the radial direction.
  • ⁇ em is the actual potential difference of each position point of the standard thermocouple 4 in the radial direction of the reverse stroke, is the average value of the measurement of each position point of the moving couple in the radial direction of the reverse stroke, It is the average value of the measurements at each position point corresponding to the radial reverse stroke of the fixed couple.
  • ⁇ e nm is the average value of the actual potential value difference of the standard thermocouple 4 at each position point in the radial direction
  • ⁇ e n is the actual potential value difference of the standard thermocouple 4 at each position point in the radial positive stroke
  • ⁇ e m is the actual potential value difference of the standard thermocouple 4 at each position point in the radial reverse stroke.
  • ⁇ e nm is the average value of the actual potential value difference of the standard thermocouple 4 at each position point in the radial direction
  • ⁇ e n is the actual potential value difference of the standard thermocouple 4 at each position point in the radial positive stroke
  • ⁇ e m is the actual potential value difference of the standard thermocouple 4 at each position point in the radial reverse stroke.
  • ⁇ t nm is the temperature difference between the temperature field of each position point in the radial direction and the center point of the standard thermocouple 4
  • ⁇ e nm is the average value of the actual potential value difference of each position point in the radial direction of the standard thermocouple 4
  • the standard thermocouple 4 is an S-type graduation number
  • its nominal differential thermoelectric potential value at 1000°C is 0.01154 mV/°C.
  • thermocouple calibration furnace 1 with the temperature equalizing block 8 confirms whether the temperature field of the thermocouple calibration furnace 1 with the temperature equalizing block 8 meets the technical index requirements for the development of low-cost metal thermocouples and armored thermocouples, and whether the absolute value of the temperature difference between any two points within 30mm axially in the effective working area is not greater than 0.5°C, and the absolute value of the temperature difference between any two points in the same radial section is not greater than 0.25°C.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)

Abstract

一种带均温块(8)热电偶检定炉(1)温度场的测试系统,热电偶检定炉(1)的两端通过定位块(9)封堵,标准热电偶(4)放置于石英管(2)内,标准热电偶(4)的参考端与导线(3)的一端相连接后放置于玻璃试管(5)中,玻璃试管(5)的管口处封堵,玻璃试管(5)放置于参考端恒温器(6)内,导线(3)的另一端与电测量设备(7)相连接;当用于获取热电偶检定炉(1)的空炉温度场测试参数时,石英管(2)沿轴向穿过热电偶检定炉(1)及定位块(9);当用于获取带均温块(8)的热电偶检定炉(1)的温度场测试参数时,热电偶检定炉(1)内设置有均温块(8),石英管(2)的端部插入于均温块(8)内,能够确定均温块(8)在热电偶检定炉(1)内的放置位置,判断带均温块(8)的热电偶检定炉(1)的温度场是否满足技术指标要求。还公开了一种带均温块(8)热电偶检定炉(1)温度场的测试方法。

Description

一种带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统及方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2024年03月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为2024103785924、发明名称为“一种带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统及方法”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于温度场测试技术领域,涉及一种测试系统及方法,具体涉及一种带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统及方法。
背景技术
热电偶检定炉是廉金属热电偶、铠装热电偶校准时所使用的恒温设备,常用于高温的测量。热电偶检定炉的温度场性能在廉金属热电偶和铠装热电偶的校准中起到重要作用,是评价工业热电偶校准结果的测量不确定度的一个重要影响因素。
目前在热电偶检定炉温度场测试中,一般都是对其空炉状态进行温度场测试,再直接将热电偶检定炉专用均温块统一默认其均温块外观底部放置在热电偶检定炉几何中心位置处,然后根据其控温传感器对热电偶检定炉加热功率进行PID反馈调节,以此来保证热电偶检定炉在置入均温块后负载增加的情况下控温恒温的稳定性。然而没有对其置入均温块后温度场性能能否达到开展廉金属热电偶、铠装热电偶校准工作所要求的温度场技术指标进行确认,且热电偶检定炉专用均温块在热电偶检定炉内放置的位置也是确保其温度场能否达到开展工作要求的关键点。
热电偶检定炉专用均温块在炉内放置的位置点以及带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的性能测试,确认其温度场是否能满足技术指标要求对于廉金属热电偶、铠装热电偶的校准至关重要,因此带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试对于其实际应用具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺点,提供了一种带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统及方法,该系统及方法能够确定均温块在热电偶检定炉内的放置位置,判断带均温块的热电偶检定炉的温度场是否满足技术指标要求。
为达到上述目的,本申请公开了一种带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统, 包括热电偶检定炉、标准热电偶、石英管、导线、玻璃试管、参考端恒温器及电测量设备;
热电偶检定炉的两端通过定位块封堵,标准热电偶放置于所述石英管内,所述标准热电偶的参考端与导线的一端相连接后放置于玻璃试管中,所述玻璃试管的管口处封堵,所述玻璃试管放置于参考端恒温器内,导线的另一端与电测量设备相连接;
当用于获取热电偶检定炉的空炉温度场测试参数时,所述石英管沿轴向穿过所述热电偶检定炉及所述定位块;
当用于获取带均温块的热电偶检定炉的温度场测试参数时,所述热电偶检定炉内设置有均温块,所述石英管的端部插入于所述均均温块内。
所述均温块内部腔体的几何中心与热电偶检定炉中空炉温度场的最高温度点位置相重合。
所述标准热电偶的数目为两支。
所述均温块为环状或者插孔式结构。
所述石英管的端部位于均温块内部腔体的底部。
所述参考端恒温器为用于提供0℃温场的冰水混合物保温设备。
所述玻璃试管内装入无水乙醇,且玻璃试管的管口通过脱脂棉封堵。
所述玻璃试管的长度大于210mm且小于250mm,内径为(4~6)mm。
所述电测量设备为双通道纳伏表。
本申请公开了一种带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将热电偶检定炉在恒定温度下进行轴向方向与径向方向的温度场测试;
2)通过标准热电偶测试热电偶检定炉内温度场的实际温度;
3)通过参考端恒温器对标准热电偶进行参考端温度补偿;
4)通过电测量设备采集标准热电偶所测的热电动势值;
5)通过热电偶检定炉的轴向方向上各位置点的测量,找出温度场最高点位置,计算其他位置点与所述最高点的温度差,并以此确定轴向有效工作区域;
6)通过热电偶检定炉的径向方向上各位置点的测量,确定各位置点的最大值及最小值,计算最大值与最小值的温度差;
7)根据热电偶检定炉的空炉温度场测试找到其轴向方向的最高温度点,将均温 块放置在使其腔体几何中心与该最高温度点相重合的位置处,带均温块的热电偶检定炉在恒定温度1000℃下进行轴向方向及径向方向的温度场测试;
8)将所述测量温度差与技术指标进行比较,以判断带均温块的热电偶检定炉的温度场是否满足相应技术指标要求。
本申请具有以下有益效果:
本申请所述的带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统及方法在具体操作时,热电偶检定炉的空炉进行温度场测试,确认温度场最高温度点位置;热电偶检定炉中放置有均温块;带均温块的热电偶检定炉的温度场测试时,分别计算轴向方向和径向方向各位置点的温度差值;将所述测量结果与技术指标进行比较,以判断带均温块的热电偶检定炉的温度场是否满足技术指标要求,以保证带均温块的热电偶检定炉的温度场符合要求,确保廉金属热电偶、铠装热电偶校准结果的准确及可靠性。
附图说明
图1为实施例三的流程图;
图2为实施例一的结构图;
图3为实施例二的结构图。
其中,1为热电偶检定炉、2为石英管、3为导线、4为标准热电偶、5为玻璃试管、6为参考端恒温器、7为电测量设备、8为均温块、9为定位块。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请方案,下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图,对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分的实施例,不是全部的实施例,而并非要限制本申请公开的范围。此外,在以下说明中,省略了对公知结构和技术的描述,以避免不必要的混淆本申请公开的概念。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本申请保护的范围。
在附图中示出了根据本申请公开实施例的结构示意图。这些图并非是按比例绘制的,其中为了清楚表达的目的,放大了某些细节,并且可能省略了某些细节。图 中所示出的各种区域、层的形状及它们之间的相对大小、位置关系仅是示例性的,实际中可能由于制造公差或技术限制而有所偏差,并且本领域技术人员根据实际所需可以另外设计具有不同形状、大小、相对位置的区域/层。
实施例一
参考图2,本实施例用于获取热电偶检定炉的空炉温度场测试参数,本申请所述的带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统包括热电偶检定炉1、标准热电偶4、石英管2、导线3、玻璃试管5、参考端恒温器6及电测量设备7;
热电偶检定炉1的两端通过定位块9封堵,石英管2沿轴向穿过所述热电偶检定炉1及所述定位块9,标准热电偶4放置于所述石英管2内,所述标准热电偶4的参考端与导线3的一端相连接后放置于玻璃试管5中,所述玻璃试管5的管口处封堵,所述玻璃试管5放置于参考端恒温器6内,导线3的另一端与电测量设备7相连接,在测试时,热电偶检定炉1处于空炉状态,热电偶检定炉1进行温度场测试,得到热电偶检定炉1中空炉温度场的最高温度点位置。
实施例二
参考图3,本实施例用于获取带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的温度场测试参数;本申请所述的带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统包括热电偶检定炉1、标准热电偶4、石英管2、导线3、玻璃试管5、参考端恒温器6及电测量设备7;
热电偶检定炉1的两端通过定位块9封堵,所述热电偶检定炉1内设置有均温块8,所述石英管2的端部插入于所述均均温块8内,标准热电偶4放置于所述石英管2内,标准热电偶4的参考端与导线3的一端相连接后放置于玻璃试管5内,所述玻璃试管5的开口封闭,玻璃试管5位于参考端恒温器6内,导线3的另一端与电测量设备7相连接。
本实施例中,所述均温块8内部腔体的几何中心与热电偶检定炉1中空炉温度场的最高温度点位置相重合。
本实施例中,所述石英管2的外径为(6~8)mm,内径(4~6)mm,所述石英管2的端部位于均温块8内部腔体的底部。
本实施例中,所述标准热电偶4的测量端位于石英管2内。
本实施例中,所述标准热电偶4的数目为两支,所述标准热电偶4为标准铂铑10-铂热电偶。
本实施例中,所述均温块8为环状或者插孔式结构,分别由炉口置入或者炉尾置入两种放置方式。
本实施例中,所述电测量设备7为双通道纳伏表。
本实施例中,所述参考端恒温器6为用于提供0℃温场的冰水混合物保温设备。
本实施例中,所述玻璃试管5的长度大于210mm且小于250mm,内径为(4~6)mm,在使用时,所述玻璃试管5内装入无水乙醇,且玻璃试管5的管口通过脱脂棉封堵。
本实施例中,所述热电偶检定炉1的温度场测试炉温设定为1000℃。
实施例三
参考图1,本申请所述的带均温块8热电偶检定炉1温度场的测试方法包括以下步骤:
1)热电偶检定炉1在恒定温度1000℃下进行轴向方向与径向方向的温度场测试;
2)标准热电偶4测试热电偶检定炉1内温度场的实际温度;
3)参考端恒温器6对标准热电偶4进行参考端温度补偿;
4)电测量设备7采集标准热电偶4所测的热电动势值;
5)通过热电偶检定炉1的轴向方向上各位置点的测量,找出温度场最高点位置, 计算其他位置点与所述最高点的温度差,并以此确定轴向有效工作区域;
6)通过热电偶检定炉1的径向方向上各位置点的测量,确定各位置点最大值及最小值,计算最大值与最小值的温度差;
7)根据热电偶检定炉1的空炉温度场测试找到其轴向方向的最高温度点,将均温块8放置在使其腔体几何中心与该最高温度点相重合的位置处,带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1在恒定温度1000℃下进行轴向方向及径向方向的温度场测试;
8)将所述测量温度差与技术指标进行比较,以判断带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1温度场是否满足相应技术指标要求。
具体包括以下步骤:
1)测量热电偶检定炉1的炉膛长度,计算热电偶检定炉1的几何中心位置。
2)设定热电偶检定炉1的工作温度为1000℃,开始升温。
3)测量定位块9限位部分的长度。
4)在两支标准热电偶4上测量并标记出从其测量端起插入热电偶检定炉1的几何中心位置到定位块9的限位外端的长度,作为标准热电偶4插入热电偶检定炉1中长度位置的参考标记。
5)在两支标准热电偶4的外护瓷管靠近参考端方向保持长度相同的位置做一个固定的0起点标记,用于轴向方向温度场测量时的参考标记,从该0起点标记分别向测量端和参考端每隔5mm做一标记,标出-50mm~50mm坐标位置。
6)将定位块9装入热电偶检定炉1的炉口及炉尾端,使定位块9紧贴热电偶检定炉1,两支石英管2穿过两个定位块9,保持在热电偶检定炉1中处于轴向水平状态。
7)将其中一支标准热电偶4作为固定偶插入热电偶检定炉1中心的石英管2内,另一支标准热电偶4作为移动偶插入同一水平位置且平行的石英管2内,调整两支标准热电偶4的插入深度为已计算标记好的长度。
8)将参考端恒温器6复现0℃温场,向玻璃试管5中加入1/4长度的无水乙醇,然后通过参考端恒温器6上端的插孔置入参考端恒温器6中,插入深度大于等于150mm。
9)标准热电偶4的正负极分别与对应一对导线3的正负端,并通过塑料软管套接在一起,保证标准热电偶4的正负极分别与导线3的正负端紧密接触,无虚接、 接触不良等情况,再将正负端分别插入参考端恒温器6中的玻璃试管5内,玻璃试管5的管口通过脱脂棉封堵,导线3的另一端与电测量设备7连接,将电测量设备7的接地端接地。
10)将热电偶检定炉1升温至设置温度点后,开始计时60分钟,为热平衡等待时间,待时间达到后观察电测量设备7的显示值,确认温场稳定后,开始进行温度场测试。
11)热电偶检定炉1内温度场测试轴向方向以其几何中心为0点位置开始,中心位置的标准热电偶4为固定偶,在测试过程中,始终保持在0点位置,同一水平位置且平行的另一支标准热电偶4为移动偶,从0点位置开始,根据标记间隔依据0mm→50mm→0mm→-50mm→0mm的移动顺序,在间隔点上进行各位置点温度场测试,每个位置点上稳定3min,通过电测量设备7分别读取固定偶和移动偶的热电动势值,读数不少于4次。
12)热电偶检定炉1的温度场测试径向方向以其几何中心为0点位置,两支标准热电偶4均在0点位置上依据左→上→右→下→右→上→左的顺序转动定位块9,依次进行径向方向点的温度场测试,每个径向方向点上稳定3min,通过电测量设备7分别读取固定偶和移动偶的热电动势值,读数不少于4次。
13)计算轴向方向各位置点正行程测量的实际电势值为:
其中,ei为标准热电偶4在轴向方向各位置点正行程的实际电势值,为移动偶在轴向方向各位置点正行程的测量平均值,为固定偶在轴向方向温度场测试时对应各位置点的正行程的测量平均值,标准热电偶4为S型分度号,其在1000℃的标称电势值为9.587mV。
14)计算轴向方向各位置点反行程测量的实际电势值为:
其中,ej为标准热电偶4在轴向方向各位置点正行程的实际电势值,为移动偶在轴向方向各位置点反行程的测量平均值值,为固定偶在轴向方向温度场测试时对应各位置点的反行程的测量平均值,标准热电偶4为S型分度号,其在1000℃的标称热电势值为9.587mV。
15)计算轴向方向各位置点的实际电势值为:
其中,eij为标准热电偶4在轴向方向各位置点实际电势值。
16)计算轴向方向各位置点温度场最高温度点为:
emax=max(eij)
其中,eij为标准热电偶4在轴向方向各位置点实际电势值,emax为标准热电偶4在轴向方向温度场最高温度点。
17)计算轴向方向各位置点温度场与最高温度点的温度差为:
其中,eij为标准热电偶4在轴向方向各位置点实际电势值,emax为标准热电偶4在轴向方向温度场最高温度点,Δtij为各位置点温度场温度与最高点温度的温度差,标准热电偶4为S型分度号,其在1000℃的标称微分热电势值为0.01154mV/℃。
18)确定满足要求的有效均匀温度场60mm,且满足均匀温度场中心与炉几何中心的偏离≤10mm,即轴向方向各位置点温差的最大最小差值的绝对值不超过1℃的有效工作温度场区域,公式化如下:
|max(Δtij)-min(Δtij)|≤1℃
19)计算径向方向正行程各位置点与中心位置点的实际电势值差值为:
其中,Δen为标准热电偶4在径向方向正行程各位置点实际电势值差值,为移动偶在径向方向正行程各位置点的测量平均值,为固定偶在径向方向正行程对应各位置点的测量平均值。
20)计算径向方向反行程各位置点与中心位置点的实际电势值差值为:
其中,Δem为标准热电偶4在径向方向反行程各位置点实际电势值差值,为移动偶在径向方向反行程各位置点的测量平均值,为固定偶在径向方向反行 程对应各位置点的测量平均值。
21)计算径向方向各位置点实际电势值差值平均值为:
其中,Δenm为标准热电偶4在径向方向各位置点实际电势值差值平均值,Δen为标准热电偶4在径向方向正行程各位置点实际电势值差值,Δem为标准热电偶4在径向方向反行程各位置点实际电势值差值。
22)计算径向方向各位置点与中心点温度场的实际电势差为:
其中,Δenm为标准热电偶4在径向方向各位置点实际电势值差值平均值,Δen为标准热电偶4在径向方向正行程各位置点实际电势值差值,Δem为标准热电偶4在径向方向反行程各位置点实际电势值差值。
23)计算径向方向各位置点与中心点温度场的温度差为:
其中,Δtnm为标准热电偶4在径向方向各位置点各位置点与中心点温度场的温度差,Δenm为标准热电偶4在径向方向各位置点实际电势值差值平均值,标准热电偶4为S型分度号,其在1000℃的标称微分热电势值为0.01154mV/℃。
25)计算径向方向各位置点温差的最大最小差值的绝对值不超过1℃,公式化如下:
|max(Δtnm)-min(Δtnm)|≤1℃
26)通过轴向方向和径向方向温度场的测试结果确认热电偶检定炉1的空炉温度场测试是否符合要求,符合要求后再配置均温块8进行带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的温度场测试。
27)调整均温块8置入热电偶检定炉1中的长度,使其内部腔体的几何中心点与热电偶检定炉1空炉温度场最高温度点位置相重合,在热电偶检定炉1为室温状态下,将均温块8放入热电偶检定炉1中。
28)在两支标准热电偶4上测量并标记出从其测量端起插入均温块8的腔体内部几何中心位置到均温块8所带限位块外端的长度,作为标准热电偶4插入带均温 块8的热电偶检定炉1中长度位置的参考标记。
29)根据均温块8的炉口限位堵头的位置,限位堵头在炉口位置时两支石英管2穿过均温块8限位堵头的孔洞,插入至均温块8的腔体底部,限位堵头在炉尾位置时两支石英管2穿过定位块9的孔洞,插入至均温块8的腔体底部。
30)将两支标准热电偶4分别插入石英管2中,插入深度为参考标记处,依次将标准热电偶4的参考端正负极与导线3的一端连接,再分别插入参考端恒温器6中的玻璃试管5内,玻璃试管5的管口通过脱脂棉堵住,导线3的另一端与电测量设备7的电势值正负端连接,电测量设备7的接地端接地。
31)将带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1升温至设置温度点1000后,开始计时60分钟,为热平衡等待时间,待时间达到后观察电测量设备77的显示值,确认温场稳定后,开始进行温度场测试。
32)带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的温度场测试轴向方向以其空炉温度场最高温度点为0点位置开始,中心位置的标准热电偶4为固定偶,在测试过程中始终保持在0点位置,同一水平位置且平行另一支标准热电偶4为移动偶,从0点位置开始,根据标记间隔依据0mm→30mm→0mm→-30mm→0mm的移动顺序,在间隔点上进行各位置点温度场测试,每个点上稳定3min,通过电测量设备7分别读取固定偶和移动偶的热电动势值,读数不少于4次。
33)带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的温度场测试径向方向以其几何中心为0点位置,两支标准热电偶4均在0点位置上依据左→上→右→下→右→上→左的顺序转动移动偶的径向位置,依次进行径向方向点的温度场测试,在每个径向方向点上稳定3min,通过电测量设备7分别读取固定偶和移动偶的热电动势值,读数不少于4次。
34)计算带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的轴向方向各位置点正行程测量的实际电势值为:
其中,ei为标准热电偶4在轴向方向各位置点正行程的实际电势值,为移动偶在轴向方向各位置点正行程的测量平均值,为固定偶在轴向方向温度场测试时对应各位置点的正行程的测量平均值,标准热电偶4为S型分度号,其在1000℃的标称电势值为9.587mV。
35)计算带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的轴向方向各位置点反行程测量的实际电势值为:
其中,ej为标准热电偶4在轴向方向各位置点正行程的实际电势值,为移动偶在轴向方向各位置点反行程的测量平均值值,为固定偶在轴向方向温度场测试时对应各位置点的反行程的测量平均值,标准热电偶4为S型分度号,其在1000℃的标称热电势值为9.587mV。
36)计算带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的轴向方向各位置点的实际电势值为:
其中,eij为标准热电偶4在轴向方向各位置点实际电势值。
37)计算带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的轴向方向各位置点温度场最高温度点为:
emax=max(eij)
其中,eij为标准热电偶4在轴向方向各位置点实际电势值,emax为标准热电偶4在轴向方向温度场最高温度点。
38)计算带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的轴向方向各位置点温度场与最高温度点的温度差为:
其中,eij为标准热电偶4在轴向方向各位置点实际电势值,emax为标准热电偶4在轴向方向温度场最高温度点,Δtij为各位置点温度场温度与最高点温度的温度差,标准热电偶4为S型分度号,其在1000℃的标称微分热电势值为0.01154mV/℃。
39)带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的轴向方向找到满足要求的有效均匀温度场30mm,即轴向方向各位置点温差的最大最小差值的绝对值不超过±0.5℃的有效工作温度场区域,公式化如下:
|max(Δtij)-min(Δtij)|≤0.5℃
40)计算带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的径向方向正行程各位置点与中心位置 点的实际电势值差值为:
其中,Δen为标准热电偶4在径向方向正行程各位置点实际电势值差值,为移动偶在径向方向正行程各位置点的测量平均值,为固定偶在径向方向正行程对应各位置点的测量平均值。
41)计算带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的径向方向反行程各位置点与中心位置点的实际电势值差值为:
其中,Δem为标准热电偶4在径向方向反行程各位置点实际电势值差值,为移动偶在径向方向反行程各位置点的测量平均值,为固定偶在径向方向反行程对应各位置点的测量平均值。
42)计算带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的径向方向各位置点实际电势值差值平均值为:
其中,Δenm为标准热电偶4在径向方向各位置点实际电势值差值平均值,Δen为标准热电偶4在径向方向正行程各位置点实际电势值差值,Δem为标准热电偶4在径向方向反行程各位置点实际电势值差值。
43)计算带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的径向方向各位置点与中心点温度场的实际电势差为:
其中,Δenm为标准热电偶4在径向方向各位置点实际电势值差值平均值,Δen为标准热电偶4在径向方向正行程各位置点实际电势值差值,Δem为标准热电偶4在径向方向反行程各位置点实际电势值差值。
44)计算带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的径向方向各位置点与中心点温度场的温度差为:
其中,Δtnm为标准热电偶4在径向方向各位置点各位置点与中心点温度场的温度差,Δenm为标准热电偶4在径向方向各位置点实际电势值差值平均值,标准热电偶4为S型分度号,其在1000℃的标称微分热电势值为0.01154mV/℃。
45)计算带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的径向方向各位置点温差的最大最小差值的绝对值不超过0.25℃,公式化如下:
|max(Δtnm)-min(Δtnm)|≤0.25℃
46)通过带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的轴向方向和径向方向温度场的测试结果,确认带均温块8的热电偶检定炉1的温度场是否符合开展廉金属热电偶、铠装热电偶的技术指标要求,及在有效工作区域轴向30mm内,任意两点的温差绝对值不大于0.5℃,径向同一截面任意两点温差绝对值不大于0.25℃。
最后应当说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案而非对其限制,尽管参照上述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明,所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解:依然可以对本申请的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换,而未脱离本申请精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换,其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统,其特征在于,包括热电偶检定炉(1)、标准热电偶(4)、石英管(2)、导线(3)、玻璃试管(5)、参考端恒温器(6)及电测量设备(7);
    热电偶检定炉(1)的两端通过定位块(9)封堵,标准热电偶(4)放置于所述石英管(2)内,所述标准热电偶(4)的参考端与导线(3)的一端相连接后放置于玻璃试管(5)中,所述玻璃试管(5)的管口处封堵,所述玻璃试管(5)放置于参考端恒温器(6)内,导线(3)的另一端与电测量设备(7)相连接;
    当用于获取热电偶检定炉的空炉温度场测试参数时,所述石英管(2)沿轴向穿过所述热电偶检定炉(1)及所述定位块(9);
    当用于获取带均温块(8)的热电偶检定炉(1)的温度场测试参数时,所述热电偶检定炉(1)内设置有均温块(8),所述石英管(2)的端部插入于所述均均温块(8)内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统,其特征在于,所述均温块(8)内部腔体的几何中心与热电偶检定炉(1)中空炉温度场的最高温度点位置相重合。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统,其特征在于,所述标准热电偶(4)的数目为两支。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统,其特征在于,所述均温块(8)为环状或者插孔式结构。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统,其特征在于,所述石英管(2)的端部位于均温块(8)内部腔体的底部。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统,其特征在于,所述参考端恒温器(6)为用于提供0℃温场的冰水混合物保温设备。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统,其特征在于,所述玻璃试管(5)内装入无水乙醇,且玻璃试管(5)的管口通过脱脂棉封堵。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统,其特征在于,所述玻璃试管(5)的长度大于210mm且小于250mm,内径为(4~6)mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统,其特征在于,所述电测量设备(7)为双通道纳伏表。
  10. 一种带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    1)将热电偶检定炉(1)在恒定温度下进行轴向方向与径向方向的温度场测试;
    2)通过标准热电偶(4)测试热电偶检定炉(1)内温度场的实际温度;
    3)通过参考端恒温器(6)对标准热电偶(4)进行参考端温度补偿;
    4)通过电测量设备(7)采集标准热电偶(4)所测的热电动势值;
    5)通过热电偶检定炉(1)的轴向方向上各位置点的测量,找出温度场最高点位置,计算其他位置点与所述最高点的温度差,并以此确定轴向有效工作区域;
    6)通过热电偶检定炉(1)的径向方向上各位置点的测量,确定各位置点的最大值及最小值,计算最大值与最小值的温度差;
    7)根据热电偶检定炉(1)的空炉温度场测试找到其轴向方向的最高温度点,将均温块(8)放置在使其腔体几何中心与该最高温度点相重合的位置处,带均温块(8)的热电偶检定炉(1)在恒定温度1000℃下进行轴向方向及径向方向的温度场测试;
    8)将所述测量温度差与技术指标进行比较,以判断带均温块(8)的热电偶检定炉(1)的温度场是否满足相应技术指标要求。
PCT/CN2024/093253 2024-03-29 2024-05-15 一种带均温块热电偶检定炉温度场的测试系统及方法 Pending WO2025200092A1 (zh)

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