WO2025190004A1 - 背接触电池串及光伏组件 - Google Patents

背接触电池串及光伏组件

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Publication number
WO2025190004A1
WO2025190004A1 PCT/CN2025/076681 CN2025076681W WO2025190004A1 WO 2025190004 A1 WO2025190004 A1 WO 2025190004A1 CN 2025076681 W CN2025076681 W CN 2025076681W WO 2025190004 A1 WO2025190004 A1 WO 2025190004A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
electrodes
welding
gaps
gap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2025/076681
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张良
翟卫鑫
陈小牛
高艺丁
赵龙
冯春暖
吕远
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Longi Green Energy Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Longi Green Energy Technology Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Longi Green Energy Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Longi Green Energy Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025190004A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025190004A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
    • H10F19/90—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/20—Electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • At least one embodiment of the present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a back-contact cell string and a photovoltaic module.
  • Back-contact cells have the characteristic of arranging both the positive electrode and the negative electrode on the back of the cell, so that the light-receiving surface of the cell is not shielded by the metal electrode, thereby effectively improving the energy conversion efficiency of the cell.
  • the first electrodes must be intermittently arranged on different doping regions of the cell, so that adjacent first electrodes have different polarities. Excessive gaps between adjacent first electrode segments within the same first electrode shorten the effective collection length of the first electrode. However, too little gap can easily lead to a short circuit when welding the pad to the first electrode, hindering current collection. Therefore, designing the first electrode to ensure a long effective collection length and a low risk of short circuiting with the pad has become a pressing technical challenge.
  • the present application provides a back-contact cell string and photovoltaic module, which can enable the first electrode to have a longer effective collection length and each first electrode segment to have a shorter collection path.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a back-contact battery, comprising: a plurality of battery cells, each of the battery cells having a first side and a second side that are orthogonal to each other; a plurality of first electrodes, each of the first electrodes extending in a direction parallel to the first side, and the plurality of first electrodes being equidistantly arranged on the back side of the battery cell in a direction parallel to the second side, each first electrode comprising a plurality of first electrode segments spaced apart in a direction parallel to the first side; wherein the ratio of the length of each first electrode to the length of the first side is greater than 98%, and the ratio of the sum of the first gaps between the plurality of first electrode segments of each first electrode to the length of the first electrode is less than or equal to 6%, and the length of each first electrode comprises the lengths of the plurality of first electrode segments it comprises and the sum of the first gaps between the plurality of first electrode segments it comprises.
  • the battery string further includes a welding strip, each of the welding strips extending in a direction parallel to the second side, passing through a first gap formed by two adjacent first electrode segments of the first electrode of one polarity, and connected to a first electrode segment of the first electrode of the other polarity; wherein, along a direction parallel to the first side, a ratio of a width of the first gap through which the welding strip passes to a width of the welding strip is configured to be 1.2 to 2.
  • the welding strips are configured in an even number, and the number of the first gaps provided between two adjacent first electrodes with different polarities on the same battery cell is the same.
  • the solder strips are configured in an odd number, and the numbers of the first gaps provided between two adjacent first electrodes with different polarities on the same battery cell are different.
  • the number of the first gaps provided between the two first electrodes with different polarities differs by 1.
  • the number of the first gaps provided in the first electrodes of the same polarity is configured to be 6 to 11.
  • the number of the above-mentioned first gaps set in the above-mentioned first electrodes of the same polarity and the above-mentioned welding strips passing through the first gaps set in the above-mentioned first electrodes are configured to be 11 to 23.
  • the battery string further includes an insulating layer made of an insulating material, and the insulating layer covers both ends of the first electrode segment.
  • the thickness of the insulating layer covering the end of the first electrode segment decreases in a direction toward the welding strip.
  • the ratio of the width of the above-mentioned welding strip to the width of the first gap between the two adjacent first electrode segments through which the welding strip passes is configured to be greater than or equal to 0.5, and a second gap is provided between the two insulating layers at the two adjacent ends of the two adjacent first electrode segments forming the first gap through which the welding strip passes, and the ratio of the width of the above-mentioned welding strip to the width of the second gap is configured to be less than or equal to 0.75.
  • the battery string further includes a plurality of second electrodes, each of the second electrodes extending in a direction parallel to the second side; wherein the second electrode passes through a first gap formed by two adjacent first electrode segments of the first electrode having a different polarity, and is connected to the first electrode segment of the first electrode having the same polarity.
  • the above-mentioned welding strip is welded to the welding pad provided on the above-mentioned second electrode, and a second gap is provided between the two insulating layers at the two adjacent ends of the two adjacent first electrode segments forming a first gap through which the welding strip passes, and the ratio of the width of the above-mentioned welding strip to the width of the above-mentioned second gap is configured to be 0.6 to 1.2.
  • the ratio of the sum of the first gaps between the plurality of first electrode segments of the first electrodes of different polarities to the length of the first electrodes of corresponding polarities is configured to be different.
  • the ratio of the sum of the first gaps between the multiple first electrode segments of the above-mentioned first electrode configured as the positive electrode to the length of the above-mentioned first electrode configured as the positive electrode is greater than the ratio of the sum of the first gaps between the multiple first electrode segments of the above-mentioned first electrode configured as the negative electrode to the length of the above-mentioned first electrode configured as the negative electrode.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a photovoltaic assembly, comprising: a plurality of battery strings, wherein the plurality of battery strings are arranged at intervals.
  • the length of the first electrode is configured to be greater than 98% of the length of the first side, thereby providing the first electrode with a longer effective collection length.
  • the ratio of the sum of the first gaps between the multiple first electrode segments of each first electrode to the length of the first electrode is set to be less than or equal to 6%, further extending the effective collection length of the first electrode and making the welding between the first electrode and the welding ribbon less likely to cause a short circuit, thereby more effectively preventing leakage. In this way, the overall setting of the length of the first electrode segments and the width of the first gaps facilitates the collection of current generated by the cell.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a back-contact battery string according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a portion A of the back-contact cell string of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 .
  • Back-contact cells have the characteristic of arranging both the positive electrode and the negative electrode on the back of the cell, which can reduce the coverage area of the metal electrode on the front of the cell and have higher energy conversion efficiency.
  • a cell based on n-type silicon has a p-type doped region and an n-type doped region arranged parallel and spaced apart on its back surface.
  • the polarity of the first electrode (i.e., the secondary gate) disposed on and connected to the p-type doped region is configured as positive; similarly, the polarity of the first electrode disposed on and connected to the n-type doped region is configured as negative.
  • the first electrodes i.e., auxiliary grids
  • the first electrodes need to be connected to the second electrodes (i.e., main grids) and/or welding strips of the same polarity to collect the current collected by the first electrodes.
  • the first electrode needs to be configured as multiple first electrode segments spaced apart so that the first gap formed between two adjacent first electrode segments allows the welding strip and/or second electrode to pass through. If there are too many first gaps formed by adjacent first electrode segments in the first electrode, the effective collection length of the first electrode will be shorter; if there are too few first gaps, the length of each first electrode segment will be too long. Therefore, setting too many or too few first gaps is not conducive to current collection.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a back-contact battery string according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • each battery cell 1 has a first side and a second side that are orthogonal to each other.
  • Each first electrode 3 of the plurality of first electrodes 3 extends in a direction parallel to the first side, and the plurality of first electrodes 3 are arranged at equal intervals on the back side of the battery cell 1 in a direction parallel to the second side, and each first electrode 3 includes a plurality of first electrode segments arranged at intervals.
  • the ratio of the length of the first electrode 3 to the length of the first side is greater than 98%, and the ratio of the sum of the first gaps between the plurality of first electrode segments of each first electrode 3 to the length of the first electrode 3 is less than or equal to 6%.
  • the length of the first electrode 3 is represented by the distance between the longitudinal ends of the first electrode 3 (i.e., the left and right ends as shown in FIG1 ). Specifically, it includes the sum of the lengths of each first electrode segment and the first gap formed between each adjacent first electrode segment that constitutes the first electrode 3. In other words, the length of each first electrode 3 includes the sum of the lengths of the multiple first electrode segments it comprises and the first gaps between the multiple first electrode segments it comprises.
  • the length of the first electrode 3 is configured to be greater than 98% of the length of the first side, giving the first electrode 3 a longer effective collection length.
  • the ratio of the sum of the first gaps between the multiple first electrode segments of each first electrode 3 to the length of the first electrode is set to be less than or equal to 6%, further extending the effective collection length of the first electrode and reducing the risk of short circuits between the first electrode and the welding ribbon, effectively preventing leakage.
  • This integrated design of the first electrode segment length and the first gap width facilitates the collection of current generated by the cell.
  • the back-contact cell string further includes a plurality of second electrodes, each of which extends parallel to the second side.
  • the second electrode passes through a first gap formed by two adjacent first electrode segments of a first electrode 3 having a different polarity from the second electrode, and is connected to a first electrode segment of a first electrode 3 having the same polarity as the second electrode.
  • the battery cell 1 includes but is not limited to being configured as a substantially rectangular structure. Specifically, the battery cell 1 includes a first side (i.e., a long side) and a second side (i.e., a short side) as shown in FIG1 . Furthermore, the length of the first side (i.e., a long side) of each battery cell 1 includes but is not limited to being configured as any value between 180 mm and 190 mm, and the length of the second side (i.e., a wide side) includes but is not limited to being configured as any value between 91 mm and 95 mm. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.
  • the length of the second side may be configured to be any value between 102 mm and 110 mm.
  • a first electrode 3 i.e., a sub-grid
  • a second electrode i.e., a main grid, which is blocked by the welding strip 2 and is therefore not shown in the figure
  • the first electrode 3 is extended in a direction parallel to the first side (the left-right direction as shown in FIG1 )
  • the second electrode is extended in a direction parallel to the second side (the up-down direction as shown in FIG1 ).
  • the corresponding first electrode 3 includes a first electrode A31 and a first electrode B32 with different polarities (i.e., the first electrode A is a positive sub-grid, and the first electrode B is a negative sub-grid; or the first electrode A is a negative sub-grid, and the first electrode B is a positive sub-grid), and the second electrode passes through the first electrode A31 of a different polarity in a direction orthogonal to the first electrode 3, and is connected to the middle of the first electrode B32 of the same polarity.
  • a plurality of pads are uniformly spaced on the second electrode along a direction parallel to the second side (the up and down direction as shown in FIG1 ).
  • the first electrode 3 is suitable for connecting to the pad or to the second electrode between adjacent pads.
  • the pad includes but is not limited to being configured as a rectangle, polygon, circle, ellipse, runway or any other shape.
  • the first electrode 3 and/or the second electrode (including the pad) include but are not limited to being printed on the battery cell 1 through a corresponding screen.
  • the second electrode (i.e., main grid) disposed on the cell 1 is adapted to collect the current collected by the first electrode 3 (i.e., auxiliary grid). Furthermore, the plurality of second electrodes spaced apart on the cell 1 can effectively prevent warping of the cell 1. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this embodiment.
  • the back contact cell can also be configured as a busbar-less cell structure.
  • the first electrode 3 is directly connected to the welding ribbon 2 (i.e., the second welding ribbon 22 shown in FIG1 ), thereby collecting the current collected by the first electrode 3 directly through the welding ribbon 2.
  • the welding ribbon 2 also connects different battery cells 1 in series (e.g., in series). This eliminates the need for printing the slurry used for the second electrode (i.e., busbar), simplifies the screen design used for printing, and reduces the resistance loss caused by the wider portion of the connection between the first electrode 3 and the second electrode.
  • the welding ribbon 2 includes, but is not limited to, a flat welding ribbon.
  • the number of first gaps provided in the first electrodes 3 of the same polarity on the same cell is configured to be 6 to 11.
  • the number of first gaps set in the first electrodes 3 corresponding to the same polarity, and the number of welding strips 2 passing through the first gaps set in the first electrodes 3 are configured to be 11 to 23.
  • the number of first gaps formed by each first electrode 3 of the same polarity includes, but is not limited to, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or any other number.
  • the number of soldering ribbons 2 can be configured to be any number from 11 to 23, wherein preferably, the number of soldering ribbons 2 can be configured to be twice the number of first gaps of the first electrodes 3 of the same polarity (i.e., if the first electrodes form n first gaps, then 2n soldering ribbons 2 are configured).
  • 12 welding ribbons i.e. 12BB
  • 22 welding ribbons ie, 22BB
  • the number of solder strips 2 can also be configured to be twice the number of first gaps of the first electrodes 3 of the same polarity, with one increase or decrease (i.e., if the first electrodes 3 form n first gaps, then 2n ⁇ 1 solder strips 2 are configured).
  • 11 or 13 welding ribbons i.e., 11BB or 13BB
  • 11BB or 13BB 11 or 13 welding ribbons
  • 21 or 23 welding ribbons ie, 21BB or 23BB can be configured.
  • the battery string further includes welding ribbons 2.
  • Each welding ribbon 2 extends in a direction parallel to the second side, passes through a first gap formed by two adjacent first electrode segments of a first electrode 3 of one polarity, and connects to a first electrode segment of a first electrode 3 of the other polarity.
  • the ratio of the width of the first gap through which the welding ribbon 2 passes to the width of the welding ribbon 2 is configured to be 1.2 to 2.
  • the length of the first electrode 3 includes, but is not limited to, being configured as 180.328mm (correspondingly, the length of the first electrode 3 should be greater than 98% of the length of the first side and less than 100%).
  • the ratio of the sum of the first gaps between the multiple first electrode segments of the first electrodes 3 of different polarities to the length of the first electrodes 3 of corresponding polarities is configured to be different.
  • the ratio of the sum of the first gaps between the multiple first electrode segments of the first electrode 3 configured as the positive electrode to the length of the first electrode 3 configured as the positive electrode is greater than the ratio of the sum of the first gaps between the multiple first electrode segments of the first electrode 3 configured as the negative electrode to the length of the first electrode 3 configured as the negative electrode.
  • the first electrode A31 and the first electrode B32 are configured as a positive sub-grid and a negative sub-grid, respectively.
  • the number of first gaps provided in the positive sub-grid and the negative sub-grid can be configured to be the same.
  • the lengths of the positive sub-grid and the negative sub-grid can be configured to be equal.
  • the width of the first gap formed by the positive sub-grid can be greater than the width of the first gap formed by the negative sub-grid (i.e., n*d1+/L>n*d1-/L).
  • the width of the first gap can be reduced so that the negative electrode sub-grid has a larger effective collection length, so that the current will not be too concentrated when passing through the negative electrode sub-grid.
  • the number of solder strips 2 is configured as an odd number, and the numbers of first gaps provided between two adjacent first electrodes 3 with different polarities on the same cell 1 are different.
  • the number of welding strips 2 includes but is not limited to being set to 5 (i.e., an odd number), then the number of first gaps set by the two first electrodes A31 is 4, and the number of first gaps set by the two first electrodes B32 with different polarities from the first electrode A31 is 3.
  • the number of first gaps provided between two adjacent first electrodes 3 with different polarities on the same cell 1 differs by 1.
  • the welding ribbons 2 are configured in an even number, and the number of first gaps set between two adjacent first electrodes 3 with different polarities on the same battery cell 1 is the same.
  • the number of welding ribbons 2 includes but is not limited to 4 (i.e., an even number), and the number of first gaps provided by the two first electrodes A31 having the same polarity is 2, and the number of first gaps provided by the two first electrodes B32 having the same polarity is 2. It should be understood that the above embodiment is exemplary, and the number of welding ribbons 2 and the number of first gaps provided by the first electrodes 3 can be set to any number that meets the design requirements of the back-contact battery.
  • the interconnections between the cell elements 1 are often achieved through the soldering points of the cell electrodes connected in series with the soldering ribbons 2.
  • the first electrode 3 i.e., the secondary grid
  • the second electrode i.e., the main grid
  • Sufficient solder is required when soldering the soldering ribbons 2 to the soldering points to maintain the reliability of the soldering position.
  • excessive solder may flow onto adjacent first electrodes 3 of different polarity during welding, creating a risk of short circuits. Therefore, a corresponding insulating layer is required to insulate the first electrodes 3 from the soldering ribbons 2.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a portion A of the back-contact cell string of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the back-contact cell string further includes an insulating layer 4 made of an insulating material, and the insulating layer 4 covers both ends of the first electrode segment.
  • the thickness of the insulating layer 4 covering the end of the first electrode segment decreases toward the welding ribbon 2 .
  • the insulating layer 4 includes, but is not limited to, being made of insulating glue (e.g., green glue).
  • insulating glue e.g., green glue
  • the insulating layer 4 at either end of the first electrode segment has two ends, the end of the insulating layer 4 close to the adjacent welding ribbon 2 being the distal end, and the end of the insulating layer 4 away from the adjacent welding ribbon 2 being the proximal end.
  • the thickness of the distal end of the insulating layer 4 (the right end of the insulating layer 4 on the left and the left end of the insulating layer 4 on the right as shown in FIG2 ) is configured to be less than the thickness of the proximal end of the insulating layer 4 (the left end of the insulating layer 4 on the left and the right end of the insulating layer 4 on the right as shown in FIG2 ). Furthermore, the thickness of the insulating layer 4 is configured to gradually decrease from the proximal end to the distal end.
  • solder ribbon 2 when printing the solder ribbon 2 and soldering the solder ribbon 2 (i.e., the second solder ribbon 22 shown in FIG. 2 ) to the first electrode 3 (i.e., the first electrode A31 shown in FIG. 2 ) using solder 5 (e.g., tin solder), due to the precision limitations of the equipment used (e.g., a machine and/or welding machine), it is inevitable that the solder ribbon 2 and/or solder 5 will be offset (as shown in FIG. 2 ) relative to the ideal position (including but not limited to aligning the centerline of the solder ribbon 2 with the centerline of the first gap formed by two adjacent first electrode segments in the orthographic projection along the thickness direction of the cell 1).
  • solder 5 e.g., tin solder
  • the solder 5 e.g., tin solder
  • the solder 5 should be applied as much as possible to the side of the first electrode 3 (i.e., the first electrode A31 shown in FIG. 2 ) that is closest to the solder ribbon 2 (i.e., the second solder ribbon 22 shown in FIG. 2 ).
  • this also increases the consumption of insulating material used to prepare the insulating layer 4, thereby increasing the manufacturing cost of the cell string.
  • the thickness of the distal end of the insulating layer 4 is set to be smaller than the thickness of the proximal end to compensate for the consumption of insulating material for preparing the insulating layer 4; and the thicker portion of the insulating layer 4 can more effectively prevent the problem of tip breakdown.
  • the ratio of the width of the welding strip 2 to the width of the first gap between the two adjacent first electrode segments through which the welding strip passes is configured to be greater than or equal to 0.5
  • a second gap is provided between the two insulating layers at the two adjacent ends of the two adjacent first electrode segments forming the first gap through which the welding strip passes
  • the ratio of the width of the welding strip 2 to the width of the second gap is configured to be less than or equal to 0.75.
  • a back-contact cell is configured as a busbar-less cell structure.
  • the ratio of the width of the soldering ribbon 2 (i.e., w as shown in FIG2 ) to the width of the second gap between two adjacent insulating layers 4 through which the soldering ribbon 2 passes i.e., d2 as shown in FIG2
  • 0.75 i.e., w/d2 ⁇ 0.75.
  • the ratio of the width of the soldering ribbon 2 (i.e., w as shown in FIG2 ) to the width of the first gap through which the soldering ribbon 2 passes is configured to be greater than or equal to 0.5 (i.e., w/d1 ⁇ 0.5).
  • the welding strip 2 is welded to the welding pad provided with the second electrode, and a second gap is provided between the two insulating layers at the two adjacent ends of the two adjacent first electrode segments forming the first gap through which the welding strip passes, and the ratio of the width of the welding strip 2 to the width of the second gap is configured to be 0.6 to 1.2.
  • the back-contact cell is configured as a busbar (i.e., second electrode) cell structure.
  • the ratio of the width of the solder ribbon 2 (i.e., w) to the width of the second gap between two adjacent insulating layers 4 through which the solder ribbon 2 passes i.e., d2 is configured to be less than or equal to 1.2 and greater than or equal to 0.6 (i.e., 0.6 ⁇ w/d2 ⁇ 1.2).
  • the arranged insulating layer 4 can compensate for the offset position of the solder ribbon 2 and/or the solder 5, so that the solder ribbon 2 and/or the solder 5 overlap the insulating layer 4 on at least one side (the left and right sides as shown in FIG2 ), thereby achieving insulation between the first electrode 3 and the solder ribbon 2, thereby preventing the occurrence of a short circuit.
  • the solder ribbon 2 and/or the solder 5 only overlap the insulating layer 4 on one side, so that the solder ribbon 2 does not become too high, thereby avoiding poor contact.
  • a photovoltaic assembly provided by the present application includes a plurality of battery strings, and the plurality of battery strings are arranged at intervals.
  • multiple cell strings are arranged in rows or columns and connected in parallel to form a photovoltaic module. Furthermore, multiple cells 1 in the same cell string are connected in series via welding ribbons 2 .

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  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种电池串及光伏组件。电池串包括：多个电池片，每个电池片具有相正交的第一边及第二边；多个第一电极，沿平行于第一边的方向延伸，且沿第二边延伸方向等间距的设置于电池片的背面，每个第一电极包括间隔设置的多个第一电极段；其中，第一电极与第一边的长度之比大于98％，且每个第一电极的多个第一电极段之间的第一间隙之和与第一电极的长度之比小于或等于6％。光伏组件包括多个间隔布置的电池串。

Description

背接触电池串及光伏组件
本申请要求2024年03月12日提交的、发明名称为“背接触电池串及光伏组件”的中国专利申请No.202420476800X的优先权，并且该中国专利申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请的至少一种实施例涉及光伏技术领域，尤其涉及一种背接触电池串及光伏组件。
背景技术
常规的太阳能电池中，多在电池片的正面及背面分别配置电极。电池片的正面即为受光面，因此，布置于电池片的正面的电极必然会遮蔽电池片的一部分受光区域，导致电池的能量转化效率降低。
背接触电池基于其将正电极及负电极均设置于电池片的背面的特点，可使电池片的受光面不受金属电极的遮蔽，因此，可有效的提升电池的能量转化效率。
由于背接触电池的正电极及负电极均设置于电池片的背面，因此，需将第一电极间断的布置于电池片不同的掺杂区域上，以使相邻的第一电极具有不同的极性。同一第一电极中相邻的第一电极段所形成的间隙如过多，则会导致第一电极的有效收集长度较短，但该间隙如过少，在将焊盘与第一电极焊接时则容易导致发生短路，均不利于电流收集。为此，如何对第一电极进行设计，以使第一电极具有较长的有效收集长度，且不易与焊盘发生短路，成为亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中的上述以及其他方面的至少一种技术问题，本申请提供一种背接触电池串及光伏组件，可使第一电极既具有较长的有效收集长度，又使每个第一电极段具有较短的收集路径。
本申请的实施例提供一种背接触电池，包括：多个电池片，每个上述电池片具有相正交的第一边及第二边；多个第一电极，每个所述第一电极沿平行于所述第一边的方向延伸，且所述多个第一电极沿平行于所述第二边的方向等间距地设置于所述电池片的背面，每个所述第一电极包括沿平行于所述第一边的方向间隔设置的多个第一电极段；其中，每个所述第一电极的长度与所述第一边的长度之比大于98％，且每个所述第一电极的多个所述第一电极段之间的第一间隙之和与所述第一电极的长度之比小于或等于6％，每个所述第一电极的长度包括其所包括的多个所述第一电极段的长度及其所包括的多个所述第一电极段之间的所述第一间隙之和。
根据本申请的实施例，上述电池串还包括焊带，每个上述焊带沿平行于上述第二边的方向延伸，穿过一极性的上述第一电极的相邻的两个上述第一电极段所形成的第一间隙，并与另一极性的上述第一电极的第一电极段相连接；其中，沿平行于上述第一边的方向，上述焊带穿过的上述第一间隙的宽度与上述焊带的宽度之比被配置为1.2～2。
根据本申请的实施例，上述焊带被配置为偶数个，同一上述电池片上的相邻且具有不同极性的两个上述第一电极所设置的上述第一间隙的数量相同。
根据本申请的实施例，上述焊带被配置为奇数个，同一上述电池片上的相邻且具有不同极性的两个上述第一电极所设置的上述第一间隙的数量不同。
根据本申请的实施例，同一电池片上，具有不同极性的两个上述第一电极所设置的上述第一间隙的数量相差1。
根据本申请的实施例，同一电池片上，同一极性的上述第一电极中设置的上述第一间隙被配置为6至11个。
根据本申请的实施例，同一电池片上，对应于上述同一极性的第一电极中设置的上述第一间隙的数量，穿过上述第一电极所设置的所述第一间隙的上述焊带被配置为11至23个。
根据本申请的实施例，上述电池串还包括由绝缘材质制成的绝缘层，上述绝缘层覆盖于上述第一电极段的两端。
根据本申请的实施例，在每个上述第一电极段靠近上述焊带的一端位置处，覆盖于所述第一电极段的该端的上述绝缘层的厚度沿着朝向上述焊带的方向减薄。
根据本申请的实施例，上述焊带的宽度与所穿过的相邻的两个上述第一电极段之间的第一间隙的宽度之比被配置为大于或等于0.5，形成所述焊带所穿过的第一间隙的相邻的两个所述第一电极段的两个相邻端部处的两个所述绝缘层之间具有第二间隙，且上述焊带的宽度与上述第二间隙的宽度之比被配置为小于或等于0.75。
根据本申请的实施例，所述电池串还包括多个第二电极，每个上述第二电极沿平行于上述第二边的方向延伸；其中，上述第二电极穿过与其不同极性的上述第一电极的相邻的两个上述第一电极段所形成的第一间隙，并同与其相同极性的上述第一电极的上述第一电极段相连接。
根据本申请的实施例，上述焊带与上述第二电极设置的焊盘相焊接，形成所述焊带所穿过的第一间隙的相邻的两个所述第一电极段的两个相邻端部处的两个所述绝缘层之间具有第二间隙，上述焊带的宽度与上述第二间隙的宽度之比被配置为0.6～1.2。
根据本申请的实施例，同一电池片上，不同极性的上述第一电极的多个上述第一电极段之间的上述第一间隙之和与对应极性的上述第一电极的长度之比被配置为不同。
根据本申请的实施例，被配置为正极的上述第一电极的多个上述第一电极段之间的第一间隙之和与被配置为正极的上述第一电极的长度之比，大于被配置为负极的上述第一电极的多个上述第一电极段之间的第一间隙之和与被配置为负极的上述第一电极的长度之比。
本申请的实施例还提供一种光伏组件，包括：多个电池串，多个上述电池串间隔布置。
根据本申请提供的背接触电池串及光伏组件，将第一电极的长度配置成大于第一边的长度的98％，使第一电极具有较长的有效收集长度；将每个第一电极的多个第一电极段之间的第一间隙之和与第一电极的长度之比小于或等于6％，进一步使第一电极具有较长的有效收集长度，并使第一电极与焊带的焊接不易发生短路，以较为有效的防止漏电。这样，通过对第一电极段长度及第一间隙的宽度的整体性设置，有利于对电池片产生的电流进行收集。
附图说明
图1是根据本申请的一种示意性实施例的背接触电池串的结构示意图；以及
图2是图1所示的示意性实施例的背接触电池串的A部分的局部剖视图。
所述附图中，附图标记含义具体如下：
1、电池片；
2、焊带；
21、第一焊带；
22、第二焊带；
3、第一电极；
31、第一电极A；
32、第一电极B；
4、绝缘层；以及
5、焊料。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，以下结合具体实施例，并参照附图，对本申请作进一步的详细说明。
在此使用的术语仅仅是为了描述具体实施例，而并非意在限制本申请。在此使用的术语“包括”、“包含”等表明了所述特征、步骤、操作和/或部件的存在，但是并不排除存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、步骤、操作或部件。
在此使用的所有术语包括技术和科学术语具有本领域技术人员通常所理解的含义，除非另外定义。应注意，这里使用的术语应解释为具有与本说明书的上下文相一致的含义，而不应以理想化或过于刻板的方式来解释。
在使用类似于“A、B和C等中至少一个”这样的表述的情况下，一般来说应该按照本领域技术人员通常理解该表述的含义来予以解释例如，“具有A、B和C中至少一个的系统”应包括但不限于单独具有A、单独具有B、单独具有C、具有A和B、具有A和C、具有B和C、和/或具有A、B、C的系统等。在使用类似于“A、B或C等中至少一个”这样的表述的情况下，一般来说应该按照本领域技术人员通常理解该表述的含义来予以解释例如，“具有A、B或C中至少一个的系统”应包括但不限于单独具有A、单独具有B、单独具有C、具有A和B、具有A和C、具有B和C、和/或具有A、B、C的系统等。
背接触电池基于其将正电极及负电极均设置电池片的背面的特点，可减少电池片的正面的金属电极的覆盖面积，具有较高的能量转化效率。
例如，以n型硅基为主体的电池片，其背面上平行间隔的设置有p型掺杂区及n型掺杂区。其中，布置于p型掺杂区上且与p型掺杂区相连接的第一电极的极性(即副栅)被配置为正极；与之类似，布置于n型掺杂区上且与n型掺杂区相连接的第一电极的极性被配置为负极。
不同极性(即正极及负极)的第一电极(即副栅)则需与同极的第二电极(即主栅)和/或焊带相连接，以将由第一电极所收集的电流进行汇集。为使第一电极与不同极性的第二电极和/或焊带形成绝缘，为此，需将第一电极配置为多段间隔设置的第一电极段，以使相邻的两个第一电极段之间所形成的第一间隙可允许焊带和/或第二电极通过。第一电极中相邻的第一电极段所形成的第一间隙如过多，则会导致第一电极的有效收集长度较小；如过少，则会导致每个第一电极段的长度过长。因此，设置过多或过少数量的第一间隙均不利于电流收集。
为此，基于相同的发明构思，如何提供一种背接触电池串及光伏组件，以通过对第一电极的设计，使第一电极具有较长的有效收集长度，并使第一电极与焊带的焊接不易发生短路，以较为有效的防止漏电，成为亟待解决的技术问题。
图1是根据本申请的一种示意性实施例的背接触电池串的结构示意图。
根据本申请所提供的一种背接触电池串，如图1所示，包括多个电池片1及多个第一电极3。每个电池片1具有相正交的第一边及第二边。多个第一电极3中的每个第一电极3沿平行于第一边的方向延伸，且多个第一电极3沿平行于第二边的方向等间距地设置于电池片1的背面，每个第一电极3包括间隔设置的多个第一电极段。其中，第一电极3的长度与第一边的长度之比大于98％，且每个第一电极3的多个第一电极段之间的第一间隙之和与第一电极3的长度之比小于或等于6％。
在一种示意性的实施例中，如图1所示，第一电极3的长度表征为第一电极3的长向两端(即如图1所示的左端及右端)之间的距离。详细地，包括构成一个第一电极3的每段第一电极段及每相邻的两个第一电极段所形成的第一间隙的长度之和。也就是每个第一电极3的长度包括其所包括的多个第一电极段的长度及其所包括的多个第一电极段之间的第一间隙之和。
这样的实施方式中，将第一电极3的长度配置成大于第一边的长度的98％，使第一电极3具有较长的有效收集长度；将每个第一电极3的多个第一电极段之间的第一间隙之和与第一电极的长度之比小于或等于6％，进一步使第一电极具有较长的有效收集长度，并使第一电极与焊带的焊接不易发生短路，可以有效的防止漏电。这样，通过对第一电极段长度及第一间隙的宽度的整体性设置，有利于对电池片产生的电流进行收集。
根据本申请的实施例，如图1所示，背接触电池串还包括多个第二电极，每个第二电极沿平行于第二边的方向延伸。其中，第二电极穿过与其不同极性的第一电极3的相邻的两个第一电极段所形成的第一间隙，并同与其相同极性的第一电极3的第一电极段相连接。
在一种示意性的实施例中，如图1所示，电池片1包括但不限于被配置为大致矩形的结构。详细地，电池片1包括如图1所示的第一边(即长边)及第二边(即短边)。进一步的，每个电池片1的第一边(即长边)的长度包括但不限于被配置为180mm至190mm之间的任一值，第二边(即宽边)的长度包括但不限于被配置为91mm至95mm之间的任一值。应当理解，本申请的实施例不限于此。
例如，第二边的长度还可被配置为102mm至110mm之间的任一值。
在一种示意性的实施例中，如图1所示，第一电极3(即副栅)及第二电极(即主栅，该主栅被焊带2所遮挡，为此未在图中示出)设置于电池片的背面(即如图1所示的面向视角的面)。详细地，第一电极3沿平行于第一边的方向(如图1所示的左右方向)延伸设置，第二电极沿平行于第二边的方向(如图1所示的上下方向)延伸设置。进一步的，相应的第一电极3包括具有不同极性第一电极A31及第一电极B32(即第一电极A为正极副栅，第一电极B为负极副栅；或者第一电极A为负极副栅，第一电极B为正极副栅)，第二电极沿与第一电极3相正交的方向穿过与其不同极性的第一电极A31，并连接于与其相同极性的第一电极B32的中部。
在一种示意性的实施例中，第二电极上沿平行于第二边的方向(如图1所示的上下方向)均匀间隔的配置有多个焊盘(图中未示出)。详细地，第一电极3适用于连接于焊盘上或连接于相邻的焊盘之间的第二电极上。进一步的，焊盘包括但不限于被配置为矩形、多边形、圆形、椭圆形、跑道形或其他任一形状。其中，第一电极3和/或第二电极(含焊盘)包括但不限于通过相应的网版被印刷于电池片1上。
这样的实施方式中，在电池片1上配置的第二电极(即主栅)适用于汇集第一电极3(即副栅)所收集的电流。并且，通过在电池片1上间隔设置的多个第二电极还可较有效的限制电池片1发生翘曲。应当理解，本申请的实施例不限于此。
例如，还可将背接触电池配置成无主栅的电池结构。
配置成无主栅的电池结构的实施例中，第一电极3直接与焊带2(即如图1所示的第二焊带22)相连接，从而将由第一电极3所收集的电流直接通过焊带2汇集。并通过焊带2将不同的电池片1相串接(如相串联)。这样，可省去印制第二电极(即主栅)所用的浆料，也简化了印制所用的网版设计，并且也减少了第一电极3与第二电极的连接位置的较宽部分所造成的电阻损耗。其中，焊带2包括但不限于采用扁平焊带。
根据本申请的实施例，图中未示出，同一电池片上，同一极性的第一电极3中设置的第一间隙被配置为6至11个。
根据本申请的实施例，图中未示出，同一电池片上，对应于同一极性的第一电极3中设置的第一间隙的数量，穿过第一电极3所设置的第一间隙的焊带2被配置为11至23个。
在一种示意性的实施例中，同一电池片上，同一极性的每个第一电极3所形成的第一间隙的数量包括但不限于被配置为6个、7个、8个、9个、10个、11或其他任意数量。进一步的，对应于同一极性的第一电极3所形成的第一间隙的数量，焊带2可被配置为11至23个中的任一数量，其中，优选的可将焊带2配置为同一极性的第一电极3的第一间隙的数量的两倍(即第一电极形成n个第一间隙，则配置2n个焊带2)。
例如，n＝6，则可配置12个焊带(即12BB)；
再如，n＝11，则可配置22个焊带(即22BB)。
应当理解，本申请的实施例不限于此。焊带2的数量也可被配置为同一极性的第一电极3的第一间隙的数量的两倍，且增1或减1(即第一电极3形成n个第一间隙，则配置2n±1个焊带2)。
例如，n＝6，则可配置11个或13个焊带(即11BB或13BB)；
再如，n＝11，则可配置21个或23个焊带(即21BB或23BB)。
优选的，同一极性的第一电极3的第一间隙的数量可为8个或9个(即n＝8或9)，则焊带2的数量可为15个或19个(即15BB或19BB)。
根据本申请的实施例，如图1所示，电池串还包括焊带2，每个焊带2沿平行于第二边的方向延伸，穿过一极性的第一电极3的相邻的两个第一电极段所形成的第一间隙，并与另一极性的第一电极3的第一电极段相连接。其中，沿平行于所述第一边的方向，焊带2穿过的第一间隙的宽度与焊带2的宽度之比被配置为1.2～2。
在一种优选的实施例中，同一极性的第一电极3的第一间隙的数量被配置为9个(即n＝9)，焊带2的数量被配置为18个(即18BB)。详细地，第一电极3所设置的第一间隙的宽度包括但不限于被配置为0.8mm～1.2mm(即图1所示的d1＝0.8mm～1.2mm)；焊带2的宽度包括但不限于被配置为0.6mm(即图1所示的w＝0.6毫米)。进一步的，焊带2穿过的第一间隙的宽度与焊带2的宽度之比被配置为1.2/0.6～0.8/0.6(即d1/w＝2～1.33)。更进一步的，第一电极3的长度包括但不限于被配置为180.328mm(相应的，第一电极3的长度应大于第一边的长度的98％，且小于100％)。
这样的实施方式中，基于上述的设计，将同一极性的第一电极3的第一间隙的数量被配置为9个，且每个第一间隙的宽度被配置为1.2mm，则使第一电极3的多个第一电极段之间的第一间隙之和与第一电极3(即L＝180.328mm)的长度之比小于或等于6％(即n*d1/L＝5.9％)。
根据本申请的实施例，如图1所示，同一电池片上，不同极性的第一电极3的多个第一电极段之间的第一间隙之和与对应极性的第一电极3的长度之比被配置为不同。
根据本申请的实施例，如图1所示，被配置为正极的第一电极3的多个第一电极段之间的第一间隙之和与被配置为正极的第一电极3的长度之比，大于被配置为负极的第一电极3的多个第一电极段之间的第一间隙之和与被配置为负极的第一电极3的长度之比。
在一种示意性的实施例中，第一电极A31及第一电极B32分别被配置为正极副栅及负极副栅。详细地，正极副栅及负极副栅中所设置的第一间隙的数量可被配置为相同。进一步的，且正极副栅及负极副栅的长度可配置为等长。进一步的，正极副栅所形成第一间隙的宽度可大于负极副栅所形成的第一间隙的宽度(即n*d1正/L＞n*d1负/L)。
这样的实施方式中，响应于背接触电池所配置的n型掺杂区较大的特点，在不同极性的第一电极3的长度大致相同，且所配置的第一间隙的数量相同的前提下，可通过缩小第一间隙的宽度，使负极副栅具有更大的有效收集长度，以使电流在通过负极副栅时不至过于集中。
根据本申请的实施例，如图1所示，焊带2被配置为奇数个，同一电池片1上的相邻且具有不同极性的两个第一电极3所设置的第一间隙的数量不同。
在一种示意性的实施例中，如图1所示，焊带2的数量包括但不限于设置为5个(即奇数个)，则两个第一电极A31所设置的第一间隙的数量为4个，且与第一电极A31具有不同极性的两个第一电极B32所设置的第一间隙的数量为3个。
根据本申请的实施例，如图1所示，同一电池片1上相邻且具有不同极性的两个第一电极3所设置的第一间隙的数量相差1。
根据本申请的实施例，图中未示出，焊带2被配置为偶数个，同一电池片1上相邻且具有不同极性的两个第一电极3所设置的第一间隙的数量相同。
在另一种示意性的实施例中，图中未示出，焊带2的数量包括但不限于设置为4个(即偶数个)，则具有相同极性的两个第一电极A31所设置的第一间隙的数量为2个，且具有相同极性的两个第一电极B32所设置的第一间隙的数量为2个。应当理解，上述实施例是示意性的，焊带2的数量及第一电极3所设置的第一间隙的数量均可被设置为满足背接触电池的设计要求的任一数量。
在背接触电池中，电池片1之间的互联多通过电池片的电极的焊点与焊带2相串接，并在层压时，第一电极3(即副栅)和/或第二电极(即主栅)形成电池串。在焊带2与焊点进行焊接时需配置足够多的焊料(如焊锡或其他接合材料)，以维持焊接位置的可靠性，但较多的焊料在焊接时可能外流到相邻的不同极性的第一电极3上，从而产生短路风险，为此，需设置相应的绝缘层，以将第一电极3与焊带2形成绝缘。
图2是图1所示的示意性实施例的背接触电池串的A部分的局部剖视图。
根据本申请的实施例，如图2所示，背接触电池串还包括由绝缘材质制成的绝缘层4，绝缘层4覆盖于第一电极段的两端。
根据本申请的实施例，如图2所示，在第一电极段靠近焊带2的一端位置处，覆盖于第一电极段的该端的绝缘层4的厚度沿着朝向焊带2的方向减薄。
在一种示意性的实施例中，如图2所示，绝缘层4包括但不限于采用绝缘胶制成(如绿胶)。详细地，第一电极段的任一端位置处的绝缘层4具有两个端，该绝缘层4的靠近相邻焊带2的端为远端，且该绝缘层4的远离相邻焊带2的端为近端，绝缘层4的远端(如图2所示的位于左侧的绝缘层4的右端及位于右侧的绝缘层4的左端)的厚度被配置为小于绝缘层4的近端(如图2所示的位于左侧的绝缘层4的左端及位于右侧的绝缘层4的右端)的厚度。进一步的，绝缘层4由近端向远端的厚度被构造成逐渐减薄。
这样的实施方式中，在对焊带2进行印制，以及将焊带2(即如图2所示的第二焊带22)与第一电极3(即如图2所示的第一电极A31)通过焊料5(如焊锡)进行焊接时，由于所用设备(如机台和/或焊机)的精度的限制，难以避免的会导致焊带2和/或焊料5相对于理想位置(包括但不限于在沿电池片1的厚度方向的正投影中，使焊带2的中心线与相邻的两个第一电极段所形成的第一间隙的中心线相重合)的偏移(如图2所示的右偏)。为此，应将焊料5(如焊锡)尽量多的覆盖于第一电极3(即如图2所示的第一电极A31)的靠近焊带2(即如图2所示的第二焊带22)的一侧。但这样也导致用于制备绝缘层4的绝缘材料的消耗量提升，进而提高电池串的制造成本。为此，将绝缘层4的远端的厚度设置为小于近端的厚度，以补偿制备绝缘层4的绝缘材料的消耗量；而绝缘层4较厚的部分则可较为有效的防止尖端击穿的问题发生。
根据本申请的实施例，如图2所示，焊带2的宽度与所穿过的相邻的两个第一电极段之间的第一间隙的宽度之比被配置为大于或等于0.5，形成焊带所穿过的第一间隙的相邻的两个第一电极段的两个相邻端部处的两个绝缘层之间具有第二间隙，且焊带2的宽度与第二间隙的宽度之比被配置为小于或等于0.75。
在一种示意性的实施例中，如图2所示，背接触电池配置成无主栅的电池结构。详细地，焊带2的宽度(即如图2所示的w)与焊带2所穿过的相邻的两个绝缘层4之间的第二间隙的宽度(即如图2所示的d2)之比被配置为小于或等于0.75(即w/d2≤0.75)。进一步的，焊带2的宽度(即如图2所示的w)还与焊带2穿过的第一间隙的宽度之比被配置为大于或等于0.5(即w/d1≤0.5)。
例如，焊带2的宽度被配置为0.6mm(即w＝0.6mm),则第二间隙的宽度可被配置为0.8mm～1.2mm(即d2＝0.8mm～1.2mm)。
根据本申请的实施例，图中未示出，焊带2与第二电极设置的焊盘相焊接，形成焊带所穿过的第一间隙的相邻的两个第一电极段的两个相邻端部处的两个绝缘层之间具有第二间隙，焊带2的宽度与第二间隙的宽度之比被配置为0.6～1.2。
在一种示意性的实施例中，图中未示出，背接触电池配置成主栅(即第二电极)的电池结构。详细地，焊带2的宽度(即w)与焊带2所穿过的相邻的两个绝缘层4之间的第二间隙的宽度(即d2)之比被配置为小于或等于1.2，并大于或等于0.6(即0.6≤w/d2≤1.2)。
例如，焊带2的宽度被配置为0.6mm(即w＝0.6mm),则第二间隙的宽度可被配置为0.55mm～1.2mm(即d2＝0.55mm～1.2mm)。
这样的实施方式中，基于上述第一间隙、第二间隙及焊带宽度的设计，可使所布置的绝缘层4对焊带2和/或焊料5的偏移位置进行补偿，使焊带2和/或焊料5的搭接于至少一侧(如图2所示的左侧及右侧)的绝缘层4上，以实现第一电极3与焊带2的绝缘，从而避免短路情况的发生。优选地，焊带2和/或焊料5只搭接于一侧的绝缘层4上，如此焊带2不至于过高，避免接触不良。
根据本申请所提供的一种光伏组件，图中未示出，包括多个电池串，多个电池串间隔布置。
在一种示意性的实施例中，多个电池串包括但不限于沿行或列布置，并相并联设置，以形成光伏组件。进一步，同一电池串中的多个电池片1通过焊带2相串联。
还需要说明的是，实施例中提到的方向用语，例如“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”等，仅是参考附图的方，并非用来限制本申请的保护范围。贯穿附图，相同的元素由相同或相近的附图标记来表示。在可能导致对本申请的理解造成混淆时，将省略常规结构或构造。
以上对本申请的实施例进行了描述。但是，这些实施例仅仅是为了说明的目的，而并非为了限制本申请的范围。尽管在以上分别描述了各实施例，但是这并不意味着各个实施例中的措施不能有利地结合使用。本申请的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。不脱离本申请的范围，本领域技术人员可以做出多种替代和修改，这些替代和修改都应落在本申请的范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种背接触电池串，包括：
    多个电池片，每个所述电池片具有相正交的第一边及第二边；
    多个第一电极，每个所述第一电极沿平行于所述第一边的方向延伸，且所述多个第一电极沿平行于所述第二边的方向等间距地设置于所述电池片的背面，每个所述第一电极包括沿平行于所述第一边的方向间隔设置的多个第一电极段；
    其中，每个所述第一电极的长度与所述第一边的长度之比大于98％，且每个所述第一电极的多个所述第一电极段之间的第一间隙之和与所述第一电极的长度之比小于或等于6％，每个所述第一电极的长度包括其所包括的多个所述第一电极段的长度及其所包括的多个所述第一电极段之间的所述第一间隙之和。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池串，其中，所述电池串还包括焊带，每个所述焊带沿平行于所述第二边的方向延伸，穿过一极性的所述第一电极的相邻的两个所述第一电极段所形成的第一间隙，并与另一极性的所述第一电极的第一电极段相连接；
    其中，沿平行于所述第一边的方向，所述焊带穿过的所述第一间隙的宽度与所述焊带的宽度之比被配置为1.2-2。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池串，其中，所述焊带被配置为偶数个，同一所述电池片上的相邻且具有不同极性的两个所述第一电极所设置的所述第一间隙的数量相同。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电池串，其中，所述焊带被配置为奇数个，同一所述电池片上的相邻且具有不同极性的两个所述第一电极所设置的所述第一间隙的数量不同。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池串，其中，同一电池片上，具有不同极性的两个所述第一电极所设置的所述第一间隙的数量相差1。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的电池串，其特征在于，同一电池片上，同一极性的所述第一电极中设置的所述第一间隙被配置为6至11个。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池串，其中，同一电池片上，对应于同一极性的所述第一电极中设置的所述第一间隙的数量，穿过所述第一电极所设置的所述第一间隙的所述焊带被配置为11至23个。
  8. 根据权利要求2至7中任一所述的电池串，其中，所述电池串还包括由绝缘材质制成的绝缘层，所述绝缘层覆盖于所述第一电极段的两端。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池串，其中，在每个所述第一电极段靠近所述焊带的一端位置处，覆盖于所述第一电极段的该端的所述绝缘层的厚度沿着朝向所述焊带的方向减薄。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的电池串，其中，所述焊带的宽度与所穿过的相邻的两个所述第一电极段之间的第一间隙的宽度之比被配置为大于或等于0.5，形成所述焊带所穿过的第一间隙的相邻的两个所述第一电极段的两个相邻端部处的两个所述绝缘层之间具有第二间隙，且所述焊带的宽度与所述第二间隙的宽度之比被配置为小于或等于0.75。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的电池串，其中，所述电池串还包括多个第二电极，每个所述第二电极沿平行于所述第二边的方向延伸；
    其中，所述第二电极穿过与其不同极性的所述第一电极的相邻的两个所述第一电极段所形成的第一间隙，并同与其相同极性的所述第一电极的所述第一电极段相连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电池串，其中，所述焊带与所述第二电极设置的焊盘相焊接，形成所述焊带所穿过的第一间隙的相邻的两个所述第一电极段的两个相邻端部处的两个所述绝缘层之间具有第二间隙，所述焊带的宽度与所述第二间隙的宽度之比被配置为0.6～1.2。
  13. 根据权利要求1至7中任一所述的电池串，其中，同一电池片上，不同极性的所述第一电极的多个所述第一电极段之间的所述第一间隙之和与对应极性的所述第一电极的长度之比被配置为不同。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电池串，其中，被配置为正极的所述第一电极的多个所述第一电极段之间的第一间隙之和与被配置为正极的所述第一电极的长度之比，大于被配置为负极的所述第一电极的多个所述第一电极段之间的第一间隙之和与被配置为负极的所述第一电极的长度之比。
  15. 一种光伏组件，包括：
    多个根据权利要求1至14中任一所述的电池串，多个所述电池串间隔布置。
PCT/CN2025/076681 2024-03-12 2025-02-10 背接触电池串及光伏组件 Pending WO2025190004A1 (zh)

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