WO2025185295A1 - 车架和车辆 - Google Patents

车架和车辆

Info

Publication number
WO2025185295A1
WO2025185295A1 PCT/CN2024/140393 CN2024140393W WO2025185295A1 WO 2025185295 A1 WO2025185295 A1 WO 2025185295A1 CN 2024140393 W CN2024140393 W CN 2024140393W WO 2025185295 A1 WO2025185295 A1 WO 2025185295A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
section
vehicle
battery
frame
straight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2024/140393
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2025185295A8 (zh
Inventor
吴凯
产利兵
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025185295A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025185295A1/zh
Publication of WO2025185295A8 publication Critical patent/WO2025185295A8/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/02—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted comprising longitudinally or transversely arranged frame members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/09—Means for mounting load bearing surfaces

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and in particular to a vehicle frame and a vehicle.
  • New energy vehicles have become an important part of the sustainable development of the vehicle industry due to their energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages. With the development of new energy vehicles, people's requirements for the cruising range of new energy vehicles are also increasing.
  • the present application provides a frame and a vehicle, and the technical solution provided in the present application can improve the driving performance of the vehicle.
  • the present application provides a vehicle frame having a front end and a rear end opposite to each other, the front end and the rear end being used to mount wheels respectively, and the frame being bent downward at at least one position between the front end and the rear end to form a recessed portion, the recessed portion being used to accommodate at least a portion of a battery.
  • the frame is partially moved downward to lower the center of gravity of the frame, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the vehicle, and thus improving the vehicle's handling performance; on the other hand, the part of the frame that is partially moved downward can reasonably utilize the height of the battery itself to accommodate at least part of the battery, so that the vehicle with this frame has a suitable ground clearance and a battery of suitable capacity, thereby making the vehicle with this frame have higher passing performance (obstacle crossing performance) and endurance performance, that is, the vehicle has higher driving performance.
  • a vehicle frame includes two longitudinal beams, arranged side by side along a first direction.
  • the longitudinal beams include a first section, a bent section, and a second section, which are sequentially connected.
  • the bent section bends relative to the first and second sections in a third direction, and the bent sections of the two longitudinal beams together form a recessed portion.
  • the second direction is parallel to the direction from the front end to the rear end, and the third direction is the direction of gravity.
  • the first, second, and third directions are mutually perpendicular.
  • the center of gravity of the frame can be effectively lowered, and on the other hand, at least part of the battery can be accommodated, so that the vehicle with the frame has a suitable ground clearance and a battery of suitable capacity, thereby making the vehicle with the frame have higher handling performance, passability and endurance performance, that is, the vehicle has higher driving performance.
  • the bent section includes a first connecting section, a widening section, and a second connecting section arranged in a mutually aligned manner.
  • the widening section protrudes from the first and second sections.
  • the end of the first connecting section facing away from the widening section is connected to the first section, and the end of the second connecting section facing away from the widening section is connected to the second section.
  • the widening section protrudes outward relative to the first and second connecting sections.
  • the widening sections of the two longitudinal beams together form a receiving cavity for accommodating at least a portion of the battery.
  • the frame can carry more or larger batteries, so that the vehicle with the frame has a longer cruising range and improves the vehicle's endurance performance.
  • the first connecting segment is arc-shaped, and the widening segment is transitionally connected to the first segment through the first connecting segment;
  • the second connecting segment is arc-shaped, and the widening segment is transitionally connected to the second segment through the second connecting segment.
  • the first connecting section and the second connecting section can have a smooth transition, thereby reducing the risk of stress concentration causing the bent section to be easily broken by impact, making the frame more reliable, and thus making the vehicle more reliable.
  • the widening section includes a first straight section, a second straight section, and a third straight section arranged in a mutually aligned manner.
  • the first straight section protrudes outward from the first connecting section, one end of the first straight section is connected to the first connecting section, and the other end of the first straight section is connected to the second straight section.
  • the third straight section protrudes outward from the second connecting section, one end of the third straight section is connected to the second connecting section, and the other end of the third straight section is connected to the second straight section.
  • the cavity shape of the accommodating cavity can be made regular and square, so that the accommodating cavity can effectively accommodate the battery, which is beneficial to improving the battery space rate and improving the vehicle's endurance performance.
  • the widening section also includes a third connecting section and a fourth connecting section.
  • the third connecting section is arc-shaped, and the first straight section is transitionally connected to the second straight section through the third connecting section.
  • the fourth connecting section is arc-shaped, and the third straight section is transitionally connected to the second straight section through the fourth connecting section.
  • the third connecting section and the fourth connecting section by providing the third connecting section and the fourth connecting section, the first straight section, the second straight section and the third straight section can be smoothly transitioned, reducing the risk of stress concentration causing the widened section to be easily broken by impact, making the frame more reliable, and thus making the vehicle more reliable.
  • the maximum distance between the widened sections of two longitudinal beams is not less than 2000 mm and not more than 2500 mm.
  • the width of the accommodating cavity can meet the battery size requirements, allowing for the two longitudinal beams to accommodate larger or more batteries, thereby improving the vehicle's endurance performance.
  • the maximum distance between the two widening sections can be set to no more than 2500mm, the impact of the excessive spacing between the two longitudinal beams on the vehicle width can be reduced, meeting the vehicle's driving requirements.
  • both the vehicle's endurance performance and the vehicle width requirements can be taken into account.
  • the first section, the bending section, and the second section are integrally formed.
  • the longitudinal beam is formed through an integrated molding process to have greater strength and rigidity, which can effectively improve the torsional resistance of the longitudinal beam, thereby increasing the reliability of the frame and the reliability of the vehicle.
  • the first section has a first surface
  • the bent section has a second surface
  • the second section has a third surface
  • the first, second, and third surfaces are arranged on the same side.
  • the maximum distance between the second surface and the first surface is no less than 300 mm and no more than 400 mm.
  • the maximum distance between the second surface and the third surface is no less than 300 mm and no more than 400 mm.
  • the maximum distance between the second surface and the first surface can be regarded as the degree of downward bending of the bending section.
  • the center of gravity of the frame can be effectively lowered, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the vehicle, thereby effectively improving the vehicle's handling performance, allowing for more extreme maneuvers.
  • the maximum distance between the second surface and the first surface can be set to no more than 400mm, the vehicle can have a higher ground clearance, thereby providing better passability and obstacle-crossing performance.
  • the maximum distance between the second surface and the first surface to no less than 300mm and no more than 400mm, the vehicle's handling performance, passability, and obstacle-crossing performance can be taken into account.
  • the vehicle frame further includes a mounting member, which is disposed in the recessed portion, and the mounting member is used to detachably dispose the battery in the recessed portion.
  • the battery can be detachably assembled in the recessed portion, so that the vehicle with the frame has a battery replacement function, so that the power loss of the vehicle during driving can be replenished in time by battery replacement, thereby effectively improving the vehicle's endurance performance.
  • the recess has an opening, the direction of the opening is parallel to the third direction, and the opening allows the battery to enter or exit the recess.
  • the battery can be installed on the frame from the bottom or top of the frame, making the vehicle's battery replacement efficiency high and meeting the vehicle's battery replacement needs.
  • the battery can be replaced from the bottom of the heavy truck when it drives into the trench.
  • the frame is the frame of a towed vehicle, and when there is no object above the frame, the battery can be replaced from the top.
  • the vehicle frame further includes a connector, which is disposed in the recessed portion and is configured to connect to the battery so that the battery is in electrical or fluid communication with the vehicle end.
  • a connector is provided in the recessed portion so that the vehicle frame can effectively perform battery replacement operations, and the battery and the vehicle end can be efficiently electrically or fluidically connected.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle, comprising a battery and the vehicle frame provided in the first aspect, wherein the battery is connected to the vehicle frame, and at least a portion of the battery is accommodated in the recessed portion.
  • the vehicle frame since the vehicle frame has a downwardly bent recessed portion, on the one hand, the vehicle frame is partially moved downward to lower the center of gravity of the frame, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the vehicle; on the other hand, the portion of the vehicle frame that is partially moved downward can reasonably utilize the height of the battery itself to accommodate at least part of the battery, so that the vehicle has a suitable ground clearance and a battery of suitable capacity, thereby making the vehicle's handling performance, passability and endurance performance higher, that is, the vehicle has higher driving performance.
  • the battery is detachably connected to the frame.
  • the vehicle by setting the battery to be detachably connected to the frame, the vehicle has a battery replacement function, so that the power loss of the vehicle during driving can be replenished in time by battery replacement, thereby effectively improving the vehicle's endurance performance.
  • the battery does not protrude from the vehicle frame in a direction opposite to the direction of gravity.
  • the middle part of the frame is bent downward to form a recessed portion that can accommodate the battery, and the degree of downward bending is such that the battery does not exceed the upper wing of the frame. This allows more or larger batteries to be loaded as much as possible while effectively lowering the center of gravity of the vehicle, thereby improving the vehicle's handling performance and endurance performance.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG2 is a perspective view of a frame in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a top view of a frame in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a side view of a frame in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a frame and a battery in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle frame in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a frame in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Icons 100-frame; 101-front end; 102-rear end; 103-recessed portion; 1030-opening; 10-longitudinal beam; 11-first section; 110-first surface; 12-bent section; 120-first connecting section; 121-widening section; 1210-first straight section; 1211-second straight section; 1212-third straight section; 1213-third connecting section; 1214-fourth connecting section; 122-second connecting section; 123-second surface; 124-reinforcement; 13-second section; 130-third surface; 20-cross beam; 30-mounting part; 31-mounting plate; 32-battery exchange connector; 40-connector; 1000-vehicle; 200-battery; 300-controller; 400-motor; x-first direction; y-second direction; z-third direction.
  • references to "embodiments” in this application mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application.
  • the appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.
  • the character "/" in this application generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.
  • multiple in this application refers to more than two (including two).
  • multiple groups refers to more than two groups (including two groups)
  • multiple pieces refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • the battery may be a battery pack, which includes a case and battery cells, wherein the battery cells or battery modules are housed in the case.
  • the battery cells may be secondary batteries, which are batteries that can be recharged to activate their active materials after discharge and continue to be used.
  • the battery cells may be lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, sodium metal batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, magnesium-ion batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lead-acid batteries, and the like, although this disclosure is not intended to limit this.
  • new energy vehicles include a frame and a battery.
  • the functions of the frame may include supporting and connecting the various assemblies of the vehicle, keeping the assemblies in a relatively correct position, and bearing various loads inside and outside the vehicle.
  • the frame when applied to ordinary passenger cars or heavy trucks, the frame may be a frame-type structure spanning the front and rear axles of the vehicle, commonly known as a beam, which is the base of the vehicle.
  • the frame when applied to a trailer, may be a solid metal structure used to support and fix the various components of the trailer, and the front and rear ends of the frame may be directly equipped with wheels to enable it to be towed.
  • the driving performance of new energy vehicles may include handling performance, endurance performance, passability (obstacle crossing performance), etc.
  • how to improve the driving performance of the vehicle is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.
  • the battery is typically mounted on the vehicle frame. This high ground clearance keeps the battery away from the ground, reducing the impact of bottom impact on the battery. However, this high ground clearance results in a higher center of gravity, affecting the vehicle's handling.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide a frame, which has a front end and a rear end relative to each other, and the front end and the rear end are respectively used to install wheels.
  • the frame is bent downward at at least one position between the front end and the rear end to form a recessed portion, and the recessed portion is used to accommodate at least part of the battery.
  • the frame is partially moved downward to lower the center of gravity of the frame, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the vehicle; on the other hand, the portion of the frame that is partially moved downward can reasonably utilize the height of the battery itself to accommodate at least part of the battery, so that the vehicle with the frame has a suitable ground clearance and a battery of suitable capacity, thereby making the vehicle with the frame have higher handling performance, passability and endurance performance, that is, the vehicle has higher driving performance.
  • the vehicle frame disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be installed in, but is not limited to, a frame of a passenger vehicle, a frame of a commercial freight vehicle, or a frame of a vehicle of other nature.
  • the vehicle disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used in, but is not limited to, a frame of a passenger vehicle, a frame of a commercial freight vehicle, or a frame of a vehicle of other nature.
  • Vehicle 1000 may be a new energy vehicle, such as a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle with a swappable battery, or an extended-range electric vehicle with a swappable battery.
  • the vehicle includes a battery 200 .
  • Battery 200 can be used to power the vehicle.
  • battery 200 can serve as an operating power source for vehicle 1000 and be used in the circuit system of vehicle 1000 , such as for the power requirements of vehicle 1000 during startup, navigation, and operation.
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 300 and a motor 400.
  • the controller 300 is used to control the battery 200 to provide power to the motor 400, for example, to meet the power requirements for starting, navigating, and driving the vehicle 1000.
  • the battery 200 can serve not only as the vehicle's operating power source, but also as the vehicle's driving power source, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle.
  • the vehicle 1000 also includes a frame 100.
  • the frame 100 can be a frame-type structure that spans the front and rear axles of the vehicle, commonly known as a beam, and is the base of the vehicle.
  • the functions of the frame 100 may include supporting and connecting the various assemblies of the vehicle, ensuring that the assemblies maintain a relatively correct position, and bearing various loads inside and outside the vehicle.
  • the battery 200 can be indirectly mounted on the frame 100 via a bracket, or the battery 200 can be directly mounted on the frame 100 via a mount 30, a connector, or other structural members.
  • a vehicle includes a vehicle body and a tractor towed to the rear of the vehicle body. The vehicle body provides driving force to tow the tractor.
  • the tractor includes a frame 100 and wheels. The front and rear ends 102 of the frame 100 are rigidly connected to the wheels or connected to the wheels via a suspension.
  • the battery 200 is mounted on the frame 100 of the tractor.
  • the battery 200 can be indirectly mounted on the frame 100 via a bracket, or directly mounted on the frame 100 of the tractor via a mounting member 30, a connector, or other structural member.
  • a vehicle frame 100 is provided.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the vehicle frame 100 in some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 3 is a top view of the vehicle frame 100 in some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 4 is a side view of the vehicle frame 100 in some embodiments of the present application
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the vehicle frame 100 and battery 200 in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the frame 100 has a front end 101 and a rear end 102 opposite to each other, and the front end 101 and the rear end 102 are respectively used to install wheels.
  • the frame 100 is bent downward at at least one position between the front end 101 and the rear end 102 to form a recessed portion 103, and the recessed portion 103 is used to accommodate at least a portion of the battery 200.
  • the vehicle frame 100 is the main structure of the vehicle. Its functions include supporting and connecting the various assemblies of the vehicle, ensuring that the assemblies maintain relative correct positioning, and bearing various loads inside and outside the vehicle.
  • the length of the frame 100 is parallel to the length of the vehicle.
  • the frame 100 has a front end 101 and a rear end 102 that are opposite each other. Wheels may be directly or indirectly mounted on the front end 101 and rear end 102 of the frame 100.
  • the front end 101 of the frame 100 is mounted with a wheel via a front suspension, while the rear end 102 of the frame 100 is mounted with a rear suspension.
  • the frame 100 is bent downward at at least one position between the front end 101 and the rear end 102 to form a recessed portion 103, and the recessed portion 103 is used to accommodate at least a portion of the battery 200” can be understood as follows: the frame 100 generally extends in a horizontal direction to mount wheels at the front end 101 and the rear end 102 to enable the vehicle to move; at least one position between the front end 101 and the rear end 102 of the frame 100 can be bent toward the ground to form a recessed area, which is defined as the recessed portion 103. The recessed area can accommodate at least a portion of the battery 200. Since a local portion of the frame 100 is offset downward, the center of gravity of the frame 100 is correspondingly offset downward.
  • the upper surface of the frame 100 is defined as an upper wing
  • the lower surface of the frame 100 is defined as a lower wing.
  • the upper wing is bent downward to be below the highest position of the frame 100, and the corresponding lower wing is also bent downward.
  • the area between the front end 101 and the rear end 102 of the frame 100 is referred to as the middle portion of the frame 100.
  • One, two, or more recessed portions 103 may be provided in the middle portion of the frame 100.
  • each of the recessed portions 103 can accommodate at least a portion of a corresponding battery 200, or the multiple recessed portions 103 can collectively accommodate at least a portion of a single battery 200.
  • a single recessed portion 103 is provided between the front end 101 and the rear end 102 of the frame 100. After the battery 200 is loaded onto the frame 100, the battery 200 is accommodated in the recessed portion 103 and does not exceed the highest position of the frame 100.
  • the vehicle frame 100 includes two longitudinal beams 10 arranged side by side.
  • the middle portion of the longitudinal beams 10 is bent downward to form a bent section 12.
  • the bent sections 12 of the two longitudinal beams 10 together form a recessed portion 103.
  • the middle portion of the single beam structure is bent downward to form the recessed portion 103.
  • the frame 100 is partially moved downward to lower the center of gravity of the frame 100, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the vehicle; on the other hand, the partially downwardly moved portion of the frame 100 can reasonably utilize the height of the battery 200 itself to accommodate at least part of the battery 200, so that the vehicle with the frame 100 has an appropriate ground clearance and a battery 200 of appropriate capacity, thereby making the vehicle with the frame 100 have higher handling performance, passability and endurance performance, that is, the vehicle has higher driving performance.
  • a vehicle frame 100 includes two longitudinal beams 10, which are arranged side by side along a first direction x.
  • the longitudinal beams 10 include a first section 11, a bent section 12, and a second section 13, which are sequentially connected.
  • the bent section 12 bends relative to the first and second sections 11, 13 in a third direction z.
  • the bent sections 12 of the two longitudinal beams 10 collectively form a recessed portion 103.
  • the second direction y is parallel to the front end 101 and points toward the rear end 102.
  • the third direction z is the direction of gravity.
  • the first direction x, the second direction y, and the third direction z are all perpendicular to each other.
  • the first direction x may be the vehicle width
  • the second direction y may be the vehicle length
  • the third direction z may be the vehicle height.
  • the third direction z may also be considered the gravity direction.
  • the third direction z may also be considered the vertical downward direction.
  • the longitudinal beam 10 may be a main structure of the vehicle frame 100.
  • the two longitudinal beams 10 are spaced apart and arranged side by side along a first direction x, with a cross beam 20 disposed between the two longitudinal beams 10.
  • the cross beam 20 connects the two longitudinal beams 10 at both ends in the first direction x.
  • the longitudinal beam 10 includes a first section 11, a bent section 12, and a second section 13, which are sequentially connected.
  • the end of the first section 11 facing away from the bent section 12 can be mounted on a wheel, and the end of the second section 13 facing away from the bent section 12 can also be mounted on a wheel.
  • the bent section 12 is located between the first section 11 and the second section 13 and bends relative to the first and second sections 11 and 13 in the third direction z. In other words, a portion of the bent section 12 protrudes beyond the first and second sections 11 and 13 in the third direction z.
  • the bent section 12 can have a multi-segment structure.
  • the bent section 12 can include two transition sections and a main section.
  • the main section is generally parallel to the first and second sections 11 and 13, and is located between the two transition sections.
  • the main section connects the first and second sections 11 and 13 via the transition section, protruding beyond the first and second sections 11 and 13 in the third direction z.
  • the transition section can be arcuate to provide a smooth transition between the main section and the first and second sections 11 and 13.
  • the transition section may be flat, so that the main section transitions to the first section 11 or the second section 13 in an angular shape.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the vehicle frame 100 in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the bent section 12 includes a first connecting section 120, a widening section 121, and a second connecting section 122 arranged in a mutually arranged manner.
  • the widening section 121 protrudes from the first section 11 and the second section 13.
  • the end of the first connecting section 120 facing away from the widening section 121 is connected to the first section 11, and the end of the second connecting section 122 facing away from the widening section 121 is connected to the second section 13.
  • the widening section 121 protrudes outward relative to the first connecting section 120 and the second connecting section 122.
  • the widening sections 121 of the two longitudinal beams 10 jointly form a receiving cavity for accommodating at least a portion of the battery 200.
  • the bending section 12 is a multi-section structure.
  • the widening section 121 is located between the first connecting section 120 and the second connecting section 122 .
  • the widening section 121 is connected to the first section 11 through the first connecting section 120 , and is connected to the second section 13 through the second connecting section 122 .
  • the phrase "along the first direction x, the widening section 121 protrudes outward relative to the first connecting section 120 and the second connecting section 122" can be understood as meaning that the widening section 121 of one longitudinal beam 10 protrudes in a direction away from the other longitudinal beam 10 relative to the first connecting section 120 and the second connecting section 122 of the longitudinal beam 10.
  • the widening sections 121 of the longitudinal beams 10 are outwardly flared, and along the first direction x, the maximum spacing between the widening sections 121 of the two longitudinal beams 10 is greater than the maximum spacing between the first connecting sections 120 of the two longitudinal beams 10, and the maximum spacing between the widening sections 121 of the two longitudinal beams 10 is greater than the maximum spacing between the second connecting sections 122 of the two longitudinal beams 10.
  • the phrase "the widened sections 121 of the two longitudinal beams 10 jointly form a receiving cavity for accommodating at least a portion of the battery 200" can be understood as meaning that the widened portion of the frame 100 can form a larger receiving cavity capable of accommodating at least a portion of the battery 200.
  • the entire battery 200 is located in the recessed portion 103.
  • a portion of the battery 200 may be located between the two longitudinal beams 10 and within the receiving cavity, while another portion of the battery 200 is located above the widened section 121.
  • the frame 100 can carry more or larger batteries 200, so that the vehicle with the frame 100 has a longer cruising range and improves the vehicle's endurance performance.
  • the first connecting section 120 is arc-shaped, and the widening section 121 is transitionally connected to the first section 11 through the first connecting section 120, and the second connecting section 122 is arc-shaped, and the widening section 121 is transitionally connected to the second section 13 through the second connecting section 122.
  • the first connecting segment 120 connects the first segment 11 and the widening segment 121 to compensate for the distance difference between the first segment 11 and the widening segment 121 in the third direction z.
  • the first connecting segment 120 is arc-shaped to provide a smooth transition between the first segment 11 and the widening segment 121.
  • the phrase "the first connecting segment 120 is arc-shaped" can be understood as meaning that the first connecting segment 120 is a non-straight segment-like structure, and its outer contour may be curved or arc-shaped.
  • the first connecting section 120 and the second connecting section 122 can have a smooth transition, thereby reducing the risk of stress concentration causing the bending section 12 to be easily broken by impact, so that the frame 100 has higher reliability, and thus the vehicle has higher reliability.
  • first connecting section 120 and the second connecting section 122 may also be straight.
  • the widening section 121 includes a first straight section 1210, a second straight section 1211, and a third straight section 1212, which are arranged one above the other.
  • the first straight section 1210 protrudes outward from the first connecting section 120, with one end of the first straight section 1210 connected to the first connecting section 120 and the other end of the first straight section 1210 connected to the second straight section 1211.
  • the third straight section 1212 protrudes outward from the second connecting section 122, with one end of the third straight section 1212 connected to the second connecting section 122 and the other end of the third straight section 1212 connected to the second straight section 1211.
  • the widening section 121 has a multi-segment structure.
  • the widening section 121 includes a first straight section 1210, a second straight section 1211, and a third straight section 1212.
  • the first straight section 1210, the second straight section 1211, and the third straight section 1212 are each straight.
  • the inner surfaces of the first straight section 1210, the second straight section 1211, and the third straight section 1212 are flat.
  • the second straight section 1211 is located between the first straight section 1210 and the third straight section 1212.
  • the second straight section 1211 is connected to the first connecting section 120 via the first straight section 1210, and the second straight section 1211 is connected to the second connecting section 122 via the third straight section 1212.
  • the distance between any parts of the second straight sections 1211 of the two longitudinal beams 10 may be greater than the distance between the first sections 11 of the two longitudinal beams 10 and greater than the distance between the second sections 13 of the two longitudinal beams 10 .
  • the accommodating cavity formed by a pair of widened sections 121 may be square, and the second straight section 1211 may correspond to the side of the battery 200 , for example, the side of the battery 200 may fit with the inner surface of the second straight section 1211 .
  • the cavity shape of the accommodating cavity can be made regular and square, so that the accommodating cavity can effectively accommodate the battery 200, which is beneficial to improving the space rate of the battery 200 and improving the vehicle's endurance performance.
  • a reinforcement member 124 may be provided between the first straight sections 1210 of the two longitudinal beams 10, connecting the two first straight sections 1210.
  • a reinforcement member 124 may be provided between the third straight sections 1212 of the two longitudinal beams 10, connecting the two third straight sections 1212. The provision of reinforcement member 124 can improve the stability of the accommodating cavity and reduce the risk of fracture of the widened section 121 due to impact.
  • the maximum distance between the widened sections 121 of two longitudinal beams 10 is not less than 2000 mm and not more than 2500 mm.
  • the "maximum distance between the widened sections 121 of two longitudinal beams 10" may be the distance between the second straight sections 1211 of the two longitudinal beams 10.
  • the maximum distance between the two widened sections 121 is W, where W satisfies 2000 mm ⁇ W ⁇ 2500 mm, so that at least a portion of a battery 200 no larger than 2500 mm can be located within the accommodating cavity.
  • the maximum distance W between the two widened sections 121 may be 2000 mm, 2100 mm, 2200 mm, 2300 mm, 2400 mm, 2500 mm, or any value in between.
  • the first section 11 , the bent section 12 , and the second section 13 are integrally formed.
  • the longitudinal beam 10 can be integrally formed into the first section 11 , the second section 13 , and the downwardly protruding bent section 12 by, for example, compression molding.
  • the first segment 11 has a first surface 110
  • the bent segment 12 has a second surface 123
  • the second segment 13 has a third surface 130.
  • the first surface 110, the second surface 123, and the third surface 130 are arranged on the same side.
  • the maximum distance between the second surface 123 and the first surface 110 is no less than 300 mm and no more than 400 mm
  • the maximum distance between the third surface 130 and the second surface 123 is no less than 300 mm and no more than 400 mm.
  • the maximum distance H1 between the second surface 123 and the first surface 110 along the third direction z can be 300 mm, 310 mm, 320 mm, 330 mm, 340 mm, ..., 390 mm, 400 mm, or any value between two adjacent values.
  • the maximum distance H2 between the third surface 130 and the second surface 123 along the third direction z can be 300 mm, 310 mm, 320 mm, 330 mm, 340 mm, ..., 390 mm, 400 mm, or any value between two adjacent values.
  • the vehicle's handling performance, passability, and obstacle-crossing performance can be taken into account.
  • FIG 7 is a schematic diagram of the frame 100 in other embodiments of the present application.
  • the frame 100 also includes a mounting member 30, which is disposed in the recessed portion 103 and is used to detachably mount the battery 200 in the recessed portion 103.
  • the mounting member 30 is disposed in the recessed portion 103 , for example, the mounting member 30 is connected to the second straight section 1211 of the longitudinal beam 10 and is located between the second straight sections 1211 of the two longitudinal beams 10 .
  • the mounting member 30 is used to be detachably connected to the battery 200 .
  • the mounting member 30 may include a mounting plate 31 and a battery-exchange connector 32.
  • the mounting plate 31 is located between the two longitudinal beams 10 and connects the two longitudinal beams 10.
  • the battery-exchange connector 32 is provided on the mounting plate 31, and the battery-exchange connector 32 is used to lock the battery 200.
  • the battery 200 may be located above or below the mounting plate 31.
  • the mounting plate 31 has a bearing surface, and the bearing surface can bear the battery 200, and the battery-exchange connector 32 is protruded from the bearing surface.
  • the battery-exchange connector 32 includes but is not limited to a locking member, a screw member or other connecting component for locking with the box of the battery 200.
  • the mounting portion can be a mounting hole formed on the longitudinal beam 10, such as a mounting hole formed on the second straight section 1211, and the battery exchange connector 32 passes through the mounting hole and is locked with the battery 200.
  • the battery 200 is hoisted from top to bottom in the recessed portion 103, and the battery exchange connector 32 passes through the mounting hole and is connected to the box of the battery 200; another exemplary embodiment, the battery 200 is hoisted from bottom to top in the recessed portion 103, and the battery exchange connector 32 passes through the mounting hole and is connected to the box of the battery 200.
  • the battery 200 can be detachably assembled in the recessed portion 103, so that the vehicle having the frame 100 has a battery replacement function, so that the power loss of the vehicle during driving can be replenished in time by battery replacement, thereby effectively improving the vehicle's endurance performance.
  • the recessed portion 103 has an opening 1030 , and the direction of the opening 1030 is parallel to the third direction z.
  • the opening 1030 allows the battery 200 to enter or exit the recessed portion 103 .
  • the opening 1030 allows the battery 200 to enter or exit the recess 103 to achieve battery replacement in the vehicle.
  • the opening 1030 for the battery 200 to enter or exit can be set upward so that the battery 200 can be set from top to bottom in the recessed portion 103.
  • the frame 100 is the frame 100 of a tow vehicle. When nothing is placed above the frame 100, the opening 1030 is open upward, and the battery 200 can be hoisted from above into the recessed portion 103.
  • the opening 1030 for the battery 200 to enter or exit can be set downward, the vehicle is an ordinary vehicle, and the battery 200 can be replaced from the bottom of the vehicle.
  • a trench can be provided in the battery swap site, and battery swap equipment can be provided in the trench. The vehicle to be battery swapped can drive to the top of the trench, and the battery of the vehicle can be swapped from the bottom of the vehicle through the battery swap equipment.
  • the battery 200 can be installed on the frame 100 from below or above the frame 100, which improves the battery replacement efficiency of the vehicle and meets the battery replacement needs of the vehicle.
  • the battery 200 can be replaced from below the heavy truck when the heavy truck drives into the trench.
  • the frame 100 is the frame 100 of a towed vehicle. When there is no object above the frame 100, the battery can be replaced from above.
  • the vehicle frame 100 further includes a connector 40 , which is disposed in the recess 103 .
  • the connector 40 is configured to connect to the battery 200 , so that the battery 200 is electrically or fluidically connected to the vehicle end.
  • the connector 40 includes a high- and low-voltage connector 40 and/or a liquid cooling connector 40.
  • the connector 40 may be a vehicle-side connector configured to cooperate with a battery 200 connector to achieve electrical or fluid communication between the vehicle and the battery 200.
  • the connector 40 may be disposed on the longitudinal beam 10 and connected to the longitudinal beam 10 using screws, snap-fit connections, or other methods.
  • the vehicle frame 100 includes a mounting member 30, which includes a mounting plate 31 disposed between two longitudinal beams 10. The connector 40 may be disposed on the mounting plate 31.
  • the vehicle frame 100 can effectively perform battery replacement operations, and the battery 200 can be efficiently electrically or fluidically connected to the vehicle end.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Vehicle 1000 includes a battery 200 and the aforementioned frame 100.
  • Battery 200 is connected to frame 100, with at least a portion of battery 200 housed in recess 103.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a new energy vehicle, and the vehicle 1000 may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle with a replaceable battery, or an extended-range vehicle with a replaceable battery, etc.
  • the battery 200 may be used to power the vehicle.
  • the battery 200 may be used as the operating power source of the vehicle 1000, and used for the circuit system of the vehicle 1000, such as the working power requirements during the startup, navigation, and operation of the vehicle 1000.
  • the frame 100 may be a frame-type structure of the vehicle 1000 that spans the front and rear axles of the vehicle 1000.
  • the vehicle 1000 includes a vehicle body and a tractor towed to the rear of the vehicle body, wherein the vehicle body provides driving force to tow the tractor.
  • the frame 100 is the load-bearing structure of the tractor.
  • the frame 100 since the frame 100 has the downwardly bent recessed portion 103, on the one hand, the frame 100 is partially moved downward to lower the center of gravity of the frame 100, thereby lowering the center of gravity of the vehicle; on the other hand, the partially downwardly moved portion of the frame 100 can reasonably utilize the height of the battery 200 itself to accommodate at least part of the battery 200, so that the vehicle has an appropriate ground clearance and a battery 200 of appropriate capacity, thereby improving the vehicle's handling performance, passability, and endurance performance.
  • the battery 200 is detachably connected to the frame 100 .
  • the battery 200 can be detachably connected to the frame 100 via a battery replacement connector 32.
  • the battery replacement connector 32 includes, but is not limited to, a locking member, a screw member, or other connecting member for locking with the housing of the battery 200.
  • the frame 100 includes a mounting member 30, which is disposed in the recessed portion 103 and is used to detachably mount the battery 200 in the recessed portion 103.
  • the vehicle has a battery replacement function, so that the power loss of the vehicle during driving can be replenished in time by battery replacement, thereby effectively improving the vehicle's endurance performance.
  • the battery 200 in a direction opposite to the direction of gravity, does not extend beyond the frame 100 . In some embodiments, after the battery 200 is installed on the frame 100 , the battery 200 does not extend beyond the frame 100 , and the battery 200 is entirely located in the recess 103 .
  • the middle portion of the frame 100 is bent downward to form a recessed portion 103 capable of accommodating the battery 200, and the degree of the downward bend is such that the battery 200 does not exceed the upper wing of the frame 100.
  • This allows for the loading of more or larger batteries 200 as possible while effectively lowering the center of gravity of the vehicle, thereby improving the vehicle's handling performance and endurance performance.
  • a vehicle frame 100 is provided.
  • the vehicle frame 100 includes two longitudinal beams 10 and a transverse beam 20 connecting the two longitudinal beams 10.
  • the two longitudinal beams 10 are arranged side by side along a first direction x.
  • the longitudinal beam 10 includes a first section 11, a bent section 12, and a second section 13 connected in sequence.
  • the bent section 12 is bent toward a third direction z relative to the first section 11 and the second section 13.
  • the bent sections 12 of the two longitudinal beams 10 together form a recessed portion 103, which is used to accommodate at least part of the battery 200.
  • the second direction y is parallel to the direction from the front end 101 to the rear end 102
  • the third direction z is the direction of gravity
  • the first direction x, the second direction y, and the third direction z are perpendicular to each other.
  • the bent section 12 includes a first connecting section 120, a widening section 121, and a second connecting section 122 arranged in an interlocking manner.
  • the widening section 121 protrudes from the first section 11 and the second section 13.
  • the end of the first connecting section 120 facing away from the widening section 121 is connected to the first section 11, and the end of the second connecting section 122 facing away from the widening section 121 is connected to the second section 13.
  • the widening section 121 protrudes outward relative to the first connecting section 120 and the second connecting section 122.
  • the widening sections 121 of the two longitudinal beams 10 together form a receiving cavity for accommodating at least a portion of the battery 200.
  • the battery 200 may be fixed integrally with the vehicle frame 100, meaning that the vehicle with the vehicle frame 100 does not have a battery swapping function. In other embodiments, the battery 200 may be detachably connected to the vehicle frame 100, meaning that the vehicle with the vehicle frame 100 has a battery swapping function.
  • the center of gravity of the frame 100 is effectively lowered, while at the same time accommodating at least part of the battery 200.
  • This allows a vehicle equipped with this frame 100 to have appropriate ground clearance and batteries 200 of appropriate capacity, thereby improving the vehicle's handling, roadworthiness, and endurance.
  • the frame 100 can accommodate more or larger batteries 200, thereby increasing the vehicle's range and improving its endurance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开一种车架和车辆，车架具有彼此相对的前端和后端，前端和后端分别用于安装车轮，车架在前端和后端之间的至少一个位置向下弯折以形成凹陷部，凹陷部用于容纳电池的至少部分。本申请提供的技术方案能够提高车辆的驾驶性能。

Description

车架和车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2024年03月07日提交的名称为“车架和车辆”的中国专利申请202420446198.5的优先权，上述申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及新能源车辆技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种车架和车辆。
背景技术
新能源车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为车辆产业可持续发展的重要组成部分，随着新能源车辆的发展，人们对新能源车辆的续航里程的要求也在提高。
对于新能源车辆而言，如何提高车辆的驾驶性能是亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种车架和车辆，本申请提供的技术方案能够提高车辆的驾驶性能。
第一方面，本申请提供一种车架，车架具有彼此相对的前端和后端，前端和后端分别用于安装车轮，车架在前端和后端之间的至少一个位置向下弯折以形成凹陷部，凹陷部用于容纳电池的至少部分。
上述方案中，通过在车架的中部设置呈向下弯折的凹陷部，一方面使得车架的局部下移以降低车架的重心，从而降低车辆的重心，进而能够提高车辆的操控性能；另一方面·，车架局部下移的部位能够合理利用电池本身的高度以容纳电池的至少部分，从而使得具有该车架的车辆具有合适的离地间隙以及合适容量的电池，进而使得具有该车架的车辆通过性能(越障性能)以及续航性能较高，也即车辆的驾驶性能较高。
根据本申请的一些实施例，车架包括两个纵梁，两个纵梁沿第一方向并排设置。沿第二方向，纵梁包括依次连接的第一段、弯折段以及第二段，弯折段较第一段和第二段向第三方向弯折，两个纵梁的弯折段共同形成凹陷部。第二方向平行于前端指向后端的方向，第三方向为重力方向，第一方向、第二方向和第三方向两两相互垂直。
上述方案中，通过在纵梁的中部设置向下弯折并凸出的弯折段，一方面能够有效地降低车架的重心，另一方面能够容纳电池的至少部分，使得具有该车架的车辆具有合适的离地间隙以及合适容量的电池，进而使得具有该车架的车辆的操控性能、通过性能以及续航性能较高，也即车辆的驾驶性能较高。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿第二方向，弯折段包括相互排列的第一连接段、拓宽段以及第二连接段，沿第三方向，拓宽段凸出于第一段和第二段，第一连接段背离于拓宽段的端部连接第一段，第二连接段背离于拓宽段的端部连接第二段。沿第一方向，拓宽段相对于第一连接段和第二连接段朝外凸出，两个纵梁的拓宽段共同形成容纳腔，容纳腔用于容纳电池的至少部分。
上述方案中，通过在弯折段设置朝外凸出的拓宽段以形成尺寸较大的容纳腔，能够让车架承载更多或者体积更大的电池，使得具有该车架的车辆具有较大的续航里程，提高车辆的续航性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，第一连接段呈弧状，拓宽段通过第一连接段与第一段过渡连接，第二连接段呈弧状，拓宽段通过第二连接段与第二段过渡连接。
上述方案中，通过将第一连接段和第二连接段设置为弧状，以使得第一连接段、拓宽段以及第二连接段能够平滑过渡，降低应力集中导致弯折段受冲击易断裂的风险，使得车架具有较高的可靠性，进而使得车辆具有较高的可靠性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿第二方向，拓宽段包括相互排列的第一平直段、第二平直段以及第三平直段。沿第一方向，第一平直段较第一连接段朝外凸出，第一平直段的一端与第一连接段连接，第一平直段的另一端与第二平直段连接。沿第一方向，第三平直段较第二连接段朝外凸出，第三平直段的一端与第二连接段连接，第三平直段的另一端与第二平直段连接。
上述方案中，通过设置第一平直段、第二平直段以及第三平直段，能够使得容纳腔的腔型规则方正，使得容纳腔能够有效地容纳电池，利于电池空间率的提高，利于车辆续航性能的提升。
根据本申请的一些实施例，拓宽段还包括第三连接段和第四连接段，第三连接段呈弧状，第一平直段通过第三连接段与第二平直段过渡连接，第四连接段呈弧状，第三平直段通过第四连接段与第二平直段过渡连接。
上述方案中，通过设置第三连接段和第四连接段，使得第一平直段、第二平直段以及第三平直段能够平滑过渡，降低应力集中导致拓宽段受冲击易断裂的风险，使得车架具有较高的可靠性，进而使得车辆具有较高的可靠性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿第一方向，两个纵梁的拓宽段之间的最大距离不小于2000mm，且不大于2500mm。
上述方案中，通过将两个拓宽段之间的最大距离设置为不小于2000mm，能够使得容纳腔的宽度满足电池的尺寸需求，使得两个纵梁之间能够容纳更大或更多的电池，从而能够提高车辆的续航性能；通过将两个拓宽段之间的最大距离设置为不大于2500mm，能够降低因两个纵梁之间的间距过大导致对车辆宽度的影响，满足车辆的行驶需求。为此，本申请一些实施例中，通过将将两个拓宽段之间的最大距离设置为不小于2000mm且不大于2500mm，能够兼顾车辆的续航性能和车宽尺寸需求。
根据本申请的一些实施例，第一段、弯折段以及第二段一体成型。
上述方案中，纵梁为通过一体成型的工艺成型，以具有较强的强度和刚度，能够有效地提高纵梁的抗扭性，使得车架的可靠性较高，车辆的可靠性较高。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿第三方向，第一段具有第一表面，弯折段具有第二表面，第二段具有第三表面，第一表面、第二表面以及第三表面同侧设置。沿第三方向，第二表面与第一表面的最大距离不小于300mm，且不大于400mm。第二表面与第三表面的最大距离不小于300mm，且不大于400mm。
上述方案中，第二表面与第一表面的最大距离可以看作弯折段的向下弯折的程度，通过将第二表面与第一表面的最大距离设置为不小于300mm，能够有效地降低车架的重心，从而降低车辆的重心，进而有效地提高车辆的操控性能，以能够做出更多的极限动作；通过将第二表面与第一表面的最大距离设置为不大于400mm，能够使得车辆具有较高的离地间隙，以使得车辆具有较好的通过性以及越障性能。为此，本申请一些实施例中，通过将第二表面与第一表面的最大距离设置为不小于300mm且不大于400mm，能够兼顾车辆的操控性能、通过性以及越障性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，车架还包括挂载件，挂载件设置于凹陷部中，挂载件用于将电池可拆卸地设置于凹陷部中。
上述方案中，通过在凹陷部内设置挂载件，能够使得电池可拆卸地装配于凹陷部中，使得具有该车架的车辆具有换电功能，从而可以采用换电的方式及时地补充车辆在行驶过程中动力的损耗，进而有效地提高车辆的续航性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，凹陷部具有开口，开口的朝向平行于第三方向，开口供电池进入或离开凹陷部。
上述方案中，通过设置开口，使得电池能够由车架的下方或者上方装配于车架，使得车辆的换电效率高，满足车辆的换电需求。在一些实施例中，例如重卡换电场景中，通过在换电场地设置地沟，重卡行驶至地沟时，能够从重卡的下方完成电池的更换。在一些实施例中，车架为牵挂车的车架，车架的上方未置物时，可以由上方进行换电。
根据本申请的一些实施例，车架还包括连接器，连接器设置于凹陷部中，连接器用于与电池连接，使得电池与车端电连通或流体连通。
上述方案中，通过在凹陷部中设置连接器，以使得车架能够有效地进行换电作业，让电池与车端高效地实现电连通或流体连通。
第二方面，本申请一些实施例提供一种车辆，车辆包括电池以及第一方面提供的车架。电池与车架连接，电池的至少部分容纳于凹陷部中。
上述方案中，因车架具有呈向下弯折的凹陷部，一方面使得车架的局部下移以降低车架的重心，从而降低车辆的重心；另一方面，车架局部下移的部位能够合理利用电池本身的高度以容纳电池的至少部分，从而使得车辆具有合适的离地间隙以及合适容量的电池，进而使得车辆的操控性能、通过性能以及续航性能较高，也即车辆的驾驶性能较高。
根据本申请的一些实施例，电池与车架可拆卸地连接。
上述方案中，通过将电池设置为与车架可拆卸地连接，使得车辆具有换电功能，从而可以采用换电的方式及时地补充车辆在行驶过程中动力的损耗，进而有效地提高车辆的续航性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿与重力方向相反的方向，电池不超出于车架。
上述方案中，通过使得车架的中部向下弯折以形成能够容纳电池的凹陷部，且该向下弯折的程度能够使得电池不超过车架的上翼，从而能够在有效降低车辆重心的条件下，尽可能地装载更多或者更大的电池，以使得车辆的操控性能和续航性能较高。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一些实施例中车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例中车架的立体图；
图3为本申请一些实施例中车架的俯视图；
图4为本申请一些实施例中车架的侧视图；
图5为本申请一些实施例中车架和电池的示意图；
图6为本申请一些实施例中车架的示意图；
图7为本申请另一些实施例中车架的示意图；
图8为本申请一些实施例中车辆的示意图。
图标：100-车架；101-前端；102-后端；103-凹陷部；1030-开口；10-纵梁；11-第一段；110-第一表面；12-弯折段；120-第一连接段；121-拓宽段；1210-第一平直段；1211-第二平直段；1212-第三平直段；1213-第三连接段；1214-第四连接段；122-第二连接段；123-第二表面；124-加强件；13-第二段；130-第三表面；20-横梁；30-挂载件；31-挂载板；32-换电连接件；40-连接器；1000-车辆；200-电池；300-控制器；400-马达；x-第一方向；y-第二方向；z-第三方向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限定本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在一些实施例中，电池可以为电池包，电池包包括箱体和电池单体，电池单体或电池模块容纳于箱体中。
在一些实施例中，电池单体可以为二次电池，二次电池是指在电池单体放电后可通过充电的方式使活性材料激活而继续使用的电池单体。电池单体可以为锂离子电池、钠离子电池、钠锂离子电池、锂金属电池、钠金属电池、锂硫电池、镁离子电池、镍氢电池、镍镉电池、铅蓄电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
目前，新能源车辆包括车架和电池。车架的功用可以包括支撑、连接车辆的各总成，使各总成保持相对正确的位置，并承受车辆内外的各种载荷。在一些实施例中，当应用于普通乘用车或者重卡时，车架可以为跨接在车辆的前后车桥上的框架式结构，俗称大梁，是车辆的基体。在另一些实施例中，当应用于拖挂车时，车架可以为一个坚固的金属结构，用于支撑和固定拖挂车的各个部件，车架的前后端可以直接装配车轮，以实现被拖拽行走。
新能源车辆的驾驶性能可以包括操控性能、续航性能、通过性(越障性能)等。对于新能源车辆而言，如何提高车辆的驾驶性能是亟待解决的技术问题。
对于新能源车辆而言，电池一般安装于车辆的车架，车架的离地高度较高，使得电池远离地面，降低底部冲击对电池的影响。然而，较高的离地高度会导致车辆的重心较高，影响车辆的操控性能。
鉴于此，为降低车辆的重心，提高车辆的操控性能，本申请一些实施例提供一种车架，车架具有彼此相对的前端和后端，前端和后端分别用于安装车轮，车架在前端和后端之间的至少一个位置向下弯折以形成凹陷部，凹陷部用于容纳电池的至少部分。
上述方案中，通过在车架的中部设置呈向下弯折的凹陷部，一方面使得车架的局部下移以降低车架的重心，从而降低车辆的重心；另一方面，车架局部下移的部位能够合理利用电池本身的高度以容纳电池的至少部分，从而使得具有该车架的车辆具有合适的离地间隙以及合适容量的电池，进而使得具有该车架的车辆的操控性能、通过性能以及续航性能较高，也即车辆的驾驶性能较高。
本申请实施例公开的车架可以但不限于安装于乘用车辆的车架、商用货用车辆的车架以及其他性质的车辆的车架。本申请实施例公开的车辆可以但不限用于乘用车辆、商用货用车辆以及其他性质的车辆中。
请参照图1，图1为本申请一些实施例中车辆的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为新能源车辆，新能源车辆可以是纯电动汽车、可换电的混合动力汽车或可换电的增程式汽车等。车辆包括电池200。电池200可以用于车辆的供电，例如，电池200可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，用于车辆1000的电路系统，例如用于车辆1000的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。
车辆1000还可以包括控制器300和马达400，控制器300用来控制电池200为马达400供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。在本申请一些实施例中，电池200不仅可以作为车辆的操作电源，还可以作为车辆的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆提供驱动动力。在一些实施例中，车辆1000还包括车架100。车架100可以为跨接在车辆的前后车桥上的框架式结构，俗称大梁，是车辆的基体。车架100的功用可以包括支撑、连接车辆的各总成，使各总成保持相对正确的位置，并承受车辆内外的各种载荷，电池200可以通过支架间接地设置于车架100，或者电池200可以通过挂载件30、连接件或者其他结构件直接地设置于车架100。在另一些实施例中，车辆包括车辆本体，以及拖挂于车辆本体尾部的牵引车，车辆本体提供驱动力，拖拽牵引车行走。牵引车包括车架100和车轮，车架100的前后端102刚性连接车轮或者通过悬挂连接车轮，电池200设置于牵引车的车架100，电池200可以通过支架间接地设置于车架100，或者电池200可以通过挂载件30、连接件或者其他结构件直接地设置于牵引车的车架100。
根据本申请的一些实施例，提供一种车架100。请参见图2-图5，图2为本申请一些实施例中车架100的立体图，图3为本申请一些实施例中车架100的俯视图，图4为本申请一些实施例中车架100的侧视图，图5为本申请一些实施例中车架100和电池200的示意图。
车架100具有彼此相对的前端101和后端102，前端101和后端102分别用于安装车轮，车架100在前端101和后端102之间的至少一个位置向下弯折以形成凹陷部103，凹陷部103用于容纳电池200的至少部分。
车架100为车辆的主体结构，车架100的功用可以包括支撑、连接车辆的各总成，使各总成保持相对正确的位置，并承受车辆内外的各种载荷。在一些实施例中，车架100的长度方向平行于车辆的长度方向，在车架100的长度方向上，车架100具有彼此相对的前端101和后端102，车架100的前端101和后端102可以分别直接或者间接地设置有车轮。示例性地，车架100的前端101通过前悬挂设置车轮，车架100的后端102通过后悬挂设置车轮。又示例性地，车架100的前端101与车轮刚性连接，车架100的后端102与车轮刚性连接。示例性地，在一些实施例中，车架100的前端101和后端102可以设置有用于安装车轮的孔结构。在一些实施例中，车架100包括支撑梁结构，例如，车架100包括纵梁10，纵梁10的数量为两个，两个纵梁10并排设置，二者之间通过横梁20固定连接。又例如，车架100为一体结构，车架100为单根梁结构。
“车架100在前端101和后端102之间的至少一个位置向下弯折以形成凹陷部103，凹陷部103用于容纳电池200的至少部分”可以理解为，车架100通常沿水平方向延伸，以在前端101和后端102安装车轮，实现车辆的行走，车架100在前端101和后端102之间的至少一个部位能够向地面弯折以形成一个凹陷区域，该凹陷区域定义为凹陷部103，凹陷区能够容纳电池200的至少部分，因车架100的局部部位向下偏移设置，故车架100的重心对应着向下偏移。
在一些实施例中，沿重力方向，将车架100的上表面定义为上翼，将车架100的下表面定义为下翼，对应于凹陷部103的位置，上翼向下弯折以处于车架100的最高位置之下，与之对应的下翼也向下弯折。
在一些实施例中，将车架100的前端101和后端102之间的部位称作车架100的中部，可以在车架100的中部设置一个、两个或者更多个的凹陷部103。当凹陷部103的数量为多个时，多个凹陷部103能够分别容纳对应电池200的至少部分，或者多个凹陷部103能够共同容纳一个电池200的至少部分。在一些实施例中，在车架100的前端101和后端102之间设置一个凹陷部103，电池200装载于车架100后，电池200容纳于凹陷部103中且电池200不高于车架100的最高位置。
在一些实施例中，车架100包括两个相互并排的纵梁10，纵梁10的中部向下弯折以形成弯折段12，两个纵梁10的弯折段12共同形成凹陷部103。在一些实施例中，车架100为单根梁结构时，该单根梁结构的中部向下弯折以形成凹陷部103。
上述方案中，通过在车架100的中部设置呈向下弯折的凹陷部103，一方面使得车架100的局部下移以降低车架100的重心，从而降低车辆的重心；另一方面，车架100局部下移的部位能够合理利用电池200本身的高度以容纳电池200的至少部分，从而使得具有该车架100的车辆具有合适的离地间隙以及合适容量的电池200，进而使得具有该车架100的车辆的操控性能、通过性能以及续航性能较高，也即车辆的驾驶性能较高。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图2-图4，车架100包括两个纵梁10，两个纵梁10沿第一方向x并排设置。沿第二方向y，纵梁10包括依次连接的第一段11、弯折段12以及第二段13，弯折段12较第一段11和第二段13向第三方向z弯折，两个纵梁10的弯折段12共同形成凹陷部103。第二方向y平行于前端101指向后端102的方向，第三方向z为重力方向，第一方向x、第二方向y和第三方向z两两相互垂直。
在一些实施例中，第一方向x可以为车宽的方向，第二方向y可以为车长的方向，第三方向z可以为车高的方向，第三方向z也可以看作重力方向。第三方向z也可以看作竖直向下的方向。
纵梁10可以为车架100的主要结构。两个纵梁10沿第一方向x间隔并排设置，在两个纵梁10之间设置有横梁20，横梁20在第一方向x上的两端分别连接两个纵梁10。
请参见图2-图4，沿第二方向y，纵梁10包括依次连接的第一段11、弯折段12以及第二段13，第一段11背离于弯折段12的端部可以安装车轮，第二段13背离于弯折段12的端部可以安装车轮。弯折段12位于处于第一段11和第二段13之间的部位，弯折段12较第一段11和第二段13向第三方向z弯折，也即弯折段12的部分在第三方向z凸出于第一段11和第二段13。弯折段12可以为多段结构，例如，弯折段12包括两个过渡段和主体段，主体段大体与第一段11和第二段13平行，主体段位于两个过渡段之间，主体段通过过渡段连接第一段11和第二段13，以在第三方向z凸出于第一段11和第二段13。在一些实施例中，过渡段可以呈弧状，以使得主体段与第一段11或者第二段13平缓过渡。在另一些实施例中，过渡段可以呈平整状，以使得主体段与第一段11或者第二段13呈角状过渡。
上述方案中，通过在纵梁10的中部设置向下弯折并凸出的弯折段12，一方面能够有效地降低车架100的重心，另一方面能够容纳电池200的至少部分，使得具有该车架100的车辆具有合适的离地间隙以及合适容量的电池200，进而使得具有该车架100的车辆的操控性能、通过性能以及续航性能较高。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图2、图3以及图6，图6为本申请一些实施例中车架100的示意图，沿第二方向y，弯折段12包括相互排列的第一连接段120、拓宽段121以及第二连接段122，沿第三方向z，拓宽段121凸出于第一段11和第二段13，第一连接段120背离于拓宽段121的端部连接第一段11，第二连接段122背离于拓宽段121的端部连接第二段13。沿第一方向x，拓宽段121相对于第一连接段120和第二连接段122朝外凸出，两个纵梁10的拓宽段121共同形成容纳腔，容纳腔用于容纳电池200的至少部分。
弯折段12为多段结构，拓宽段121位于第一连接段120和第二连接段122之间，拓宽段121通过第一连接段120连接第一段11，拓宽段121通过第二连接段122连接第二段13。
“沿第一方向x，拓宽段121相对于第一连接段120和第二连接段122朝外凸出”可以理解为，其中一个纵梁10的拓宽段121相对于该纵梁10的第一连接段120和第二连接段122而言，沿背离于另一个纵梁10的方向上凸出。示例性地，在车架100中，纵梁10的拓宽段121呈外扩状，沿第一方向x，两个纵梁10的拓宽段121之间的最大间距大于两个纵梁10的第一连接段120之间的最大间距，两个纵梁10的拓宽段121之间的最大间距大于两个纵梁10的第二连接段122之间的最大间距。
“两个纵梁10的拓宽段121共同形成容纳腔，容纳腔用于容纳电池200的至少部分”，可以理解为，车架100拓宽的部位能够形成尺寸较大的容纳腔，该容纳腔能够容纳电池200的至少部分。示例性地，整个电池200位于凹陷部103中，沿第三方向z，电池200的部分可以位于两个纵梁10之间且位于容纳腔中，电池200的另一部分位于拓宽段121的上方。
上述方案中，通过在弯折段12设置朝外凸出的拓宽段121以形成尺寸较大的容纳腔，能够让车架100承载更多或者体积更大的电池200，使得具有该车架100的车辆具有较大的续航里程，提高车辆的续航性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图4，第一连接段120呈弧状，拓宽段121通过第一连接段120与第一段11过渡连接，第二连接段122呈弧状，拓宽段121通过第二连接段122与第二段13过渡连接。
第一连接段120连接第一段11和拓宽段121，以补偿第一段11和拓宽段121在第三方向z上的距离差值。在一些实施例中，第一连接段120呈弧状，以使得第一段11和拓宽段121之间平缓过渡。“第一连接段120呈弧状”可以理解为第一连接段120为非平直的段状结构，其外轮廓可以呈弯曲状、弧状。
第二连接段122连接第二段13和拓宽段121，以补偿第二段13和拓宽段121在第三方向z上的距离差值。在一些实施例中，第二连接段122呈弧状，以使得第二段13和拓宽段121之间平缓过渡。“第二连接段122呈弧状”可以理解为第二连接段122为非平直的段状结构，其外轮廓可以呈弯曲状、弧状。
上述方案中，通过将第一连接段120和第二连接段122设置为弧状，以使得第一连接段120、拓宽段121以及第二连接段122能够平滑过渡，降低应力集中导致弯折段12受冲击易断裂的风险，使得车架100具有较高的可靠性，进而使得车辆具有较高的可靠性。
在本申请的其他一些实施例中，第一连接段120和第二连接段122还可以为平直状。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图3，根据本申请的一些实施例，沿第二方向y，拓宽段121包括相互排列的第一平直段1210、第二平直段1211以及第三平直段1212。沿第一方向x，第一平直段1210较第一连接段120朝外凸出，第一平直段1210的一端与第一连接段120连接，第一平直段1210的另一端与第二平直段1211连接。沿第一方向x，第三平直段1212较第二连接段122朝外凸出，第三平直段1212的一端与第二连接段122连接，第三平直段1212的另一端与第二平直段1211连接。
拓宽段121为多段结构。在一些实施例中，拓宽段121包括第一平直段1210、第二平直段1211以及第三平直段1212。第一平直段1210、第二平直段1211以及第三平直段1212分别为平直状。示例性地，第一平直段1210、第二平直段1211以及第三平直段1212的内表面为平整面。第二平直段1211位于第一平直段1210和第三平直段1212之间，第二平直段1211通过第一平直段1210连接第一连接段120，第二平直段1211通过第三平直段1212连接第二连接段122。沿第一方向x，两个纵梁10的第二平直段1211的任意部位之间的间距可以大于两个纵梁10的第一段11之间的间距，以及大于两个纵梁10的第二段13之间的间距。
在一些实施例中，请参见图3，由一对拓宽段121形成的容纳腔的腔型可以为方形，第二平直段1211可以对应于电池200的侧面，例如电池200的侧面可以与第二平直段1211的内表面贴合。
上述方案中，通过设置第一平直段1210、第二平直段1211以及第三平直段1212，能够使得容纳腔的腔型规则方正，使得容纳腔能够有效地容纳电池200，利于电池200空间率的提高，利于车辆续航性能的提升。
根据本申请的一些实施例，弯折段12还包括第三连接段1213和第四连接段1214，第三连接段1213呈弧状，第一平直段1210通过第三连接段1213与第一连接段120过渡连接，第四连接段1214呈弧状，第三平直段1212通过第四连接段1214与第二连接段122过渡连接。
第三连接段1213连接第一平直段1210和第二平直段1211，使得第一平直段1210与第二平直段1211之间平缓过渡。第四连接段1214连接第三平直段1212和第二平直段1211，使得第三平直段1212与第二平直段1211之间平缓过渡。
上述方案中，通过设置第三连接段1213和第四连接段1214，使得第一平直段1210、第二平直段1211以及第三平直段1212能够平滑过渡，降低应力集中导致拓宽段121受冲击易断裂的风险，使得车架100具有较高的可靠性，进而使得车辆具有较高的可靠性。
在一些实施例中，两个纵梁10的第一平直段1210之间可以设置有加强件124，加强件124连接两个第一平直段1210。两个纵梁10的第三平直段1212之间可以设置有加强件124，加强件124连接两个第三平直段1212。通过设置加强件124能够提高容纳腔的稳定性，降低拓宽段121受冲击断裂的风险。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿第一方向x，两个纵梁10的拓宽段121之间的最大距离不小于2000mm，且不大于2500mm。
在一些实施例中，“两个纵梁10的拓宽段121之间的最大距离”可以为两个纵梁10的第二平直段1211之间的距离。在一些实施例中，沿第一方向x，两个拓宽段121之间的最大距离为W，W满足2000mm≤W≤2500mm，以能够使得尺寸不大于2500mm的电池200的至少部分位于容纳腔中。在一些实施例中，沿第一方向x，两个拓宽段121之间的最大距离W的取值可以为2000mm、2100mm、2200mm、2300mm、2400mm、2500mm或者相邻两个数值之间的任意值。
上述方案中，通过将两个拓宽段121之间的最大距离设置为不小于2000mm，能够使得容纳腔的宽度满足电池200的尺寸需求，使得两个纵梁10之间能够容纳更大或更多的电池200，从而能够提高车辆的续航性能；通过将两个拓宽段121之间的最大距离设置为不大于2500mm，能够降低因两个纵梁10之间的间距过大导致对车辆宽度的影响，满足车辆的行驶需求。为此，本申请一些实施例中，通过将将两个拓宽段121之间的最大距离设置为不小于2000mm且不大于2500mm，能够兼顾车辆的续航性能和车宽尺寸需求。
根据本申请的一些实施例，第一段11、弯折段12以及第二段13一体成型。
在一些实施例中，纵梁10可以通过例如模压成型等一体成型的方式成型出第一段11、第二段13以及向下凸出的弯折段12。
上述方案中，纵梁10为通过一体成型的工艺成型，以具有较强的强度和刚度，能够有效地提高纵梁10的抗扭性，使得车架100的可靠性较高，车辆的可靠性较高。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图4，沿第三方向z，第一段11具有第一表面110，弯折段12具有第二表面123，第二段13具有第三表面130，第一表面110、第二表面123以及第三表面130同侧设置。沿第三方向z，第二表面123与第一表面110的最大距离不小于300mm，且不大于400mm，第三表面130与第二表面123的最大距离不小于300mm，且不大于400mm。
在一些实施例中，第一表面110可以为第一段11的上表面，第二表面123可以为弯折段12的上表面，第三表面130可以为第二段13的上表面。第一表面110至第二表面123的最大距离以及第三表面130至第二表面123的最大距离可以理解为凹陷部103的凹陷深度。
在一些实施例中，沿第三方向z，第二表面123与第一表面110的最大距离H1的取值可以为300mm、310mm、320mm、330mm、340mm…390mm、400mm或者相邻两个数值之间的任意值。在一些实施例中，沿第三方向z，第三表面130与第二表面123的最大距离H2的取值可以为300mm、310mm、320mm、330mm、340mm…390mm、400mm或者相邻两个数值之间的任意值。
上述方案中，第二表面123与第一表面110的最大距离可以看作弯折段12的向下弯折的程度，通过将第二表面123与第一表面110的最大距离设置为不小于300mm，能够有效地降低车架100的重心，从而降低车辆的重心，进而有效地提高车辆的操控性能，以能够做出更多的极限动作；通过将第二表面123与第一表面110的最大距离设置为不大于400mm，能够使得车辆具有较高的离地间隙，以使得车辆具有较好的通过性以及越障性能。为此，本申请一些实施例中，通过将第二表面123与第一表面110的最大距离设置为不小于300mm且不大于400mm，能够兼顾车辆的操控性能、通过性以及越障性能。
根据本申请的另一些实施例，请参见图7，图7为本申请另一些实施例中车架100的示意图。车架100还包括挂载件30，挂载件30设置于凹陷部103中，挂载件30用于将电池200可拆卸地设置于凹陷部103中。
挂载件30设置于凹陷部103中，例如挂载件30与纵梁10的第二平直段1211连接且位于两个纵梁10的第二平直段1211之间。挂载件30用于与电池200可拆卸地连接。
在一些实施例中，挂载件30可以包括挂载板31和换电连接件32，挂载板31处于两个纵梁10之间并连接两个纵梁10。换电连接件32设置于挂载板31上，换电连接件32用于锁付电池200。电池200可以处于挂载板31的上方或者下方。示例性地，在第三方向z上，挂载板31具有承载面，承载面能够承载电池200，换电连接件32凸设于承载面。在一些实施例中，换电连接件32包括但不限于用于与电池200的箱体锁付配合的锁付件、螺纹件或者其他连接构件。
在另一些实施例中，挂载部可以为形成于纵梁10的挂载孔，例如形成于第二平直段1211的挂载孔，换电连接件32穿过挂载孔与电池200锁付配合，示例性地，电池200由上至下地吊装于凹陷部103内，换电连接件32穿过挂载孔与电池200的箱体连接；又示例性地，电池200由下至上地吊装于凹陷部103内，换电连接件32穿过挂载孔与电池200的箱体连接。
上述方案中，通过在凹陷部103内设置挂载件30，能够使得电池200可拆卸地装配于凹陷部103中，使得具有该车架100的车辆具有换电功能，从而可以采用换电的方式及时地补充车辆在行驶过程中动力的损耗，进而有效地提高车辆的续航性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，凹陷部103具有开口1030，开口1030的朝向平行于第三方向z，开口1030供电池200进入或离开凹陷部103。
开口1030能够供电池200进入或离开凹陷部103，以实现车辆的换电。
在一些实施例中，供电池200进入或离开的开口1030可以朝上设置，以使得电池200能够由上之下地设置于凹陷部103内。示例性地，车架100为牵挂车的车架100，车架100的上方未置物时，开口1030朝上敞开，电池200可以由上方吊装至凹陷部103中。在一些实施例中，供电池200进入或离开的开口1030可以朝下设置，车辆为普通车辆，电池200可以由车辆的底部进行更换。例如，换电场地可以设置有地沟，地沟内可以设置换电设备，待换电的车辆可以行驶至地沟的上方，通过换电设备由车辆的底部对车辆进行换电。
上述方案中，通过设置开口1030，使得电池200能够由车架100的下方或者上方装配于车架100，使得车辆的换电效率高，满足车辆的换电需求。在一些实施例中，例如重卡换电场景中，通过在换电场地设置地沟，重卡行驶至地沟时，能够从重卡的下方完成电池200的更换。在一些实施例中，车架100为牵挂车的车架100，车架100的上方未置物时，可以由上方进行换电。
根据本申请的一些实施例，车架100还包括连接器40，连接器40设置于凹陷部103中，连接器40用于与电池200连接，使得电池200与车端电连通或流体连通。
在一些实施例中，连接器40包括高低压连接器40和/或液冷连接器40。连接器40可以为车端的连接接头，用于与电池200的连接接头配合，以实现车端和电池200的电连通或流体连通。在一些实施例中，连接器40可以设置于纵梁10上，采用螺纹件连接、卡接或者其他方式连接于纵梁10。在另一些实施例中，车架100包括挂载件30，挂载件30包括设置于两个纵梁10之间的挂载板31，连接器40可以设置于挂载板31上。
上述方案中，通过在凹陷部103中设置连接器40，以使得车架100能够有效地进行换电作业，让电池200与车端高效地实现电连通或流体连通。
根据本申请的一些实施例，提供一种车辆，请参见图8，图8为本申请一些实施例中车辆的示意图，车辆1000包括电池200以及上文提供的车架100。电池200与车架100连接，电池200的至少部分容纳于凹陷部103中。
车辆1000可以为新能源车辆，车辆1000可以是纯电动汽车、可换电的混合动力汽车或可换电的增程式汽车等。电池200可以用于车辆的供电，例如，电池200可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，用于车辆1000的电路系统，例如用于车辆1000的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。在一些实施例中，车架100可以为车辆1000的跨接在车辆1000的前后车桥上的框架式结构。在另一些实施例中，车辆1000包括车辆本体，以及拖挂于车辆本体尾部的牵引车，车辆本体提供驱动力，拖拽牵引车行走。车架100为牵引车的承载结构。
上述方案中，因车架100具有呈向下弯折的凹陷部103，一方面使得车架100的局部下移以降低车架100的重心，从而降低车辆的重心；另一方面，车架100局部下移的部位能够合理利用电池200本身的高度以容纳电池200的至少部分，从而使得车辆具有合适的离地间隙以及合适容量的电池200，进而使得车辆的操控性能、通过性能以及续航性能较高。
根据本申请的一些实施例，电池200与车架100可拆卸地连接。
在一些实施例中，电池200可以通过换电连接件32与车架100可拆卸地连接，换电连接件32包括但不限于用于与电池200的箱体锁付配合的锁付件、螺纹件或者其他连接构件。在一些实施例中，车架100包括挂载件30，挂载件30设置于凹陷部103中，挂载件30用于将电池200可拆卸地设置于凹陷部103中。
上述方案中，通过将电池200设置为与车架100可拆卸地连接，使得车辆具有换电功能，从而可以采用换电的方式及时地补充车辆在行驶过程中动力的损耗，进而有效地提高车辆的续航性能。
根据本申请的一些实施例，沿与重力方向相反的方向，电池200不超出于车架100。在一些实施例中，车架100安装电池200后，电池200不超出于车架100，电池200全部地位于凹陷部103中。
上述方案中，通过使得车架100的中部向下弯折以形成能够容纳电池200的凹陷部103，且该向下弯折的程度能够使得电池200不超过车架100的上翼，从而能够在有效降低车辆重心的条件下，尽可能地装载更多或者更大的电池200，以使得车辆的操控性能和续航性能较高。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参见图2-图7，提供一种车架100。车架100包括两个纵梁10以及连接两个纵梁10的横梁20。两个纵梁10沿第一方向x并排设置。沿第二方向y，纵梁10包括依次连接的第一段11、弯折段12以及第二段13，弯折段12较第一段11和第二段13向第三方向z弯折，两个纵梁10的弯折段12共同形成凹陷部103，凹陷部103用于容纳电池200的至少部分。第二方向y平行于前端101指向后端102的方向，第三方向z为重力方向，第一方向x、第二方向y和第三方向z两两相互垂直。
在一些实施例中，沿第二方向y，弯折段12包括相互排列的第一连接段120、拓宽段121以及第二连接段122，沿第三方向z，拓宽段121凸出于第一段11和第二段13，第一连接段120背离于拓宽段121的端部连接第一段11，第二连接段122背离于拓宽段121的端部连接第二段13。沿第一方向x，拓宽段121相对于第一连接段120和第二连接段122朝外凸出，两个纵梁10的拓宽段121共同形成容纳腔，容纳腔用于容纳电池200的至少部分。
在一些实施例中，电池200可以与车架100固定为一体，也即具有该车架100的车辆不具备换电功能。在另一些实施例中，电池200可以与车架100可拆卸地连接，也即具有该车架100的车辆具有换电的功能。
上述方案中，通过在纵梁10的中部设置向下弯折并凸出的弯折段12，一方面能够有效地降低车架100的重心，另一方面能够容纳电池200的至少部分，使得具有该车架100的车辆具有合适的离地间隙以及合适容量的电池200，进而使得具有该车架100的车辆的操控性能、通过性能以及续航性能较高。同时，通过在弯折段12设置朝外凸出的拓宽段121以形成尺寸较大的容纳腔，能够让车架100承载更多或者体积更大的电池200，使得具有该车架100的车辆具有较大的续航里程，提高车辆的续航性能。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种车架，其中，
    所述车架具有彼此相对的前端和后端，所述前端和所述后端分别用于安装车轮，所述车架在所述前端和所述后端之间的至少一个位置向下弯折以形成凹陷部，所述凹陷部用于容纳电池的至少部分。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车架，其中，
    所述车架包括两个纵梁，两个所述纵梁沿第一方向并排设置；
    沿第二方向，所述纵梁包括依次连接的第一段、弯折段以及第二段，所述弯折段较所述第一段和所述第二段向第三方向弯折，两个所述纵梁的所述弯折段共同形成所述凹陷部；
    所述第二方向平行于所述前端指向所述后端的方向，所述第三方向为重力方向，所述第一方向、所述第二方向和所述第三方向两两相互垂直。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的车架，其中，
    沿所述第二方向，所述弯折段包括相互排列的第一连接段、拓宽段以及第二连接段，沿所述第三方向，所述拓宽段凸出于所述第一段和所述第二段，所述第一连接段背离于所述拓宽段的端部连接所述第一段，所述第二连接段背离于所述拓宽段的端部连接所述第二段；
    沿所述第一方向，所述拓宽段相对于所述第一连接段和所述第二连接段朝外凸出，两个所述纵梁的所述拓宽段共同形成容纳腔，所述容纳腔用于容纳所述电池的至少部分。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的车架，其中，
    所述第一连接段呈弧状，所述拓宽段通过所述第一连接段与所述第一段过渡连接，所述第二连接段呈弧状，所述拓宽段通过所述第二连接段与所述第二段过渡连接。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的车架，其中，
    沿所述第二方向，所述拓宽段包括相互排列的第一平直段、第二平直段以及第三平直段；
    沿所述第一方向，所述第一平直段较所述第一连接段朝外凸出，所述第一平直段的一端与所述第一连接段连接，所述第一平直段的另一端与所述第二平直段连接；
    沿所述第一方向，所述第三平直段较所述第二连接段朝外凸出，所述第三平直段的一端与所述第二连接段连接，所述第三平直段的另一端与所述第二平直段连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的车架，其中，
    所述拓宽段还包括第三连接段和第四连接段，所述第三连接段呈弧状，所述第一平直段通过所述第三连接段与所述第二平直段过渡连接，所述第四连接段呈弧状，所述第三平直段通过所述第四连接段与所述第二平直段过渡连接。
  7. 根据权利要求3-6任一项所述的车架，其中，
    沿所述第一方向，两个所述纵梁的所述拓宽段之间的最大距离不小于2000mm，且不大于2500mm。
  8. 根据权利要求2-7任一项所述的车架，其中，
    所述第一段、所述弯折段以及所述第二段一体成型。
  9. 根据权利要求2-8任一项所述的车架，其中，
    沿所述第三方向，所述第一段具有第一表面，所述弯折段具有第二表面，所述第二段具有第三表面，所述第一表面、所述第二表面以及所述第三表面同侧设置；
    沿所述第三方向，所述第二表面与所述第一表面的最大距离不小于300mm，且不大于400mm；所述第三表面与所述第二表面的最大距离不小于300mm，且不大于400mm。
  10. 根据权利要求2-9任一项所述的车架，其中，
    所述车架还包括挂载件，所述挂载件设置于所述凹陷部中，所述挂载件用于将所述电池可拆卸地设置于所述凹陷部中。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的车架，其中，
    所述凹陷部具有开口，所述开口的朝向平行于所述第三方向，所述开口供电池进入或离开所述凹陷部。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的车架，其中，
    所述车架还包括连接器，所述连接器设置于所述凹陷部中，所述连接器用于与所述电池连接，使得所述电池与车端电连通或流体连通。
  13. 一种车辆，其中，包括：
    电池；
    权利要求1-12任一项所述的车架；
    所述电池与所述车架连接，所述电池的至少部分容纳于所述凹陷部中。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的车辆，其中，
    所述电池与所述车架可拆卸地连接。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的车辆，其中，
    沿与重力方向相反的方向，所述电池不超出于所述车架。
PCT/CN2024/140393 2024-03-07 2024-12-18 车架和车辆 Pending WO2025185295A1 (zh)

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CN209904868U (zh) * 2019-01-04 2020-01-07 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 电动车辆
CN213384446U (zh) * 2020-09-16 2021-06-08 湖北华越汽车零部件有限公司 一种货车用车架
CN213502579U (zh) * 2020-11-26 2021-06-22 重庆广播电视大学重庆工商职业学院 一种汽车车架总成
CN114940214A (zh) * 2021-08-31 2022-08-26 比亚迪股份有限公司 车身和具有其的车辆
WO2023070588A1 (zh) * 2021-10-29 2023-05-04 华为技术有限公司 电池与车身一体化结构以及电动汽车
CN117401034A (zh) * 2023-08-21 2024-01-16 苏州时代新安能源科技有限公司 一种非承载式车架及车辆

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN209904868U (zh) * 2019-01-04 2020-01-07 蜂巢能源科技有限公司 电动车辆
CN213384446U (zh) * 2020-09-16 2021-06-08 湖北华越汽车零部件有限公司 一种货车用车架
CN213502579U (zh) * 2020-11-26 2021-06-22 重庆广播电视大学重庆工商职业学院 一种汽车车架总成
CN114940214A (zh) * 2021-08-31 2022-08-26 比亚迪股份有限公司 车身和具有其的车辆
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CN117401034A (zh) * 2023-08-21 2024-01-16 苏州时代新安能源科技有限公司 一种非承载式车架及车辆

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