WO2025175437A1 - 通信方法、目的基站、源基站、终端、装置及存储介质 - Google Patents

通信方法、目的基站、源基站、终端、装置及存储介质

Info

Publication number
WO2025175437A1
WO2025175437A1 PCT/CN2024/077630 CN2024077630W WO2025175437A1 WO 2025175437 A1 WO2025175437 A1 WO 2025175437A1 CN 2024077630 W CN2024077630 W CN 2024077630W WO 2025175437 A1 WO2025175437 A1 WO 2025175437A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base station
terminal
message
cell
destination
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2024/077630
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨星
熊艺
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co Ltd filed Critical Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2024/077630 priority Critical patent/WO2025175437A1/zh
Priority to CN202480000468.2A priority patent/CN121264112A/zh
Publication of WO2025175437A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025175437A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/08—Reselecting an access point

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular to a communication method, a destination base station, a source base station, a terminal, an apparatus, and a storage medium.
  • the network when a terminal moves from a source base station to a destination base station, the network sends a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message containing switching information to the terminal, and the terminal switches immediately after receiving the switching information.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the network sends the RRC message containing the handover information to the terminal too early or too late, the handover of the terminal may fail. Therefore, it is difficult for the network to select an appropriate time to send the RRC message containing the handover information.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication method, a destination base station, a source base station, a terminal, an apparatus, and a storage medium.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication method, which is performed by a source base station of a terminal, and the method includes:
  • the second message further includes a third message, and the third message is used to instruct the terminal to switch from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station;
  • the second message or the third message includes a first indication, where the first indication is used to indicate a time when the terminal performs handover.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a destination base station for a terminal, including:
  • a receiving module configured to receive a first message sent by a source base station of a terminal, where the first message is used to request handover of the terminal from a source cell of the source base station to a destination cell of the destination base station;
  • the processing module is used to determine a first indication according to the first message, where the first indication is used to indicate a time when the terminal performs switching.
  • a receiving module configured to receive a second message sent by a destination base station, wherein the second message is used to instruct the destination base station to accept handover of the wireless network connection of the terminal from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station;
  • the second message further includes a third message, and the third message is used to instruct the terminal to switch from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station;
  • the second message or the third message includes a first indication, where the first indication is used to indicate a time when the terminal performs handover.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal, including:
  • a receiving module configured to receive a third message and a first indication sent by a second device
  • the third message is used to instruct the terminal to switch from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station; and the first indication is used to indicate the time when the terminal performs the handover.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a destination base station for a terminal, including:
  • processors one or more processors
  • the destination base station of the terminal is used to execute the communication method described in any one of the first aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a source base station of a terminal, including:
  • processors one or more processors
  • the source base station of the terminal is used to execute the communication method described in any one of the second aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal, including:
  • processors one or more processors
  • the terminal is used to execute the communication method described in any one of the third aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a communication system, comprising a destination base station of a terminal, a source base station of the terminal, and a terminal; wherein the destination base station of the terminal is configured to implement the communication method of any one of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure; the source base station of the terminal is configured to implement the communication method of any one of the second aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure; and the terminal is configured to implement the communication method of any one of the third aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a storage medium, which, when an instruction is executed on a communication device, enables the communication device to execute any one of the communication methods of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG1A is an exemplary schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG1B is an exemplary schematic diagram showing handover of a terminal from a source cell of a source base station to a target cell of a target base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG2 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG3 is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG7A is a schematic structural diagram of a destination base station of a terminal proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG7C is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG8A is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the first information includes the time when the source base station instructs the terminal to perform handover.
  • the source base station adds first information to the first message, where the first information is the time when the source base station instructs the terminal to perform handover; thus, the destination base station can determine the first information as the first instruction.
  • the moment when the terminal performs handover is represented by any one of the following methods:
  • the first indication indicates the time when the terminal executes the switch through one of the duration of the terminal delayed switching, the timing relationship of the wireless air interface and the time when the terminal executes the switch; in this way, the terminal switches according to the time when the terminal executes the switch indicated by the first indication.
  • the wireless air interface is a wireless air interface of a cell of the source base station or the destination base station;
  • the cell of the source base station or the target base station is any one of the following:
  • the primary cell PCell of the source base station is the primary cell PCell of the source base station
  • the primary and secondary cells (PSCells) of the source base station are The primary and secondary cells (PSCells) of the source base station;
  • the target base station is a primary or secondary cell (PSCell).
  • PSCell primary or secondary cell
  • the timing relationship of the wireless air interface includes:
  • the moment when the terminal performs the switch is determined by any one of the system frame number, subframe number, time slot number and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol number; in this way, the moment when the terminal performs the switch can be determined by different time granularities in the timing relationship of the wireless air interface.
  • the moment when the terminal performs switching is represented by the system frame number at which the terminal performs switching.
  • the time when the terminal performs handover is represented by the system frame number at which the terminal performs handover; thus, the terminal performs handover at the beginning of the system frame with the corresponding number.
  • the time when the terminal performs switching is represented by the system frame number of the system frame where the subframe where the terminal performs switching is located and the subframe number of the subframe; thus, the terminal performs switching at the beginning of the subframe with the corresponding number.
  • the system frame number of the system frame in which the time slot in which the terminal performs handover is located and the time slot number of the time slot;
  • the system frame number of the system frame where the time slot where the terminal performs switching is located, the subframe number of the subframe where the time slot is located, and the time slot number of the time slot.
  • the moment when the terminal performs switching is indicated by the system frame number of the system frame in which the time slot at which the terminal performs switching is located and the time slot number of the time slot; or, it is indicated by the system frame number of the system frame in which the time slot at which the terminal performs switching is located, the subframe number of the subframe in which the time slot is located and the time slot number of the time slot; in this way, the terminal performs switching at the beginning of the time slot with the corresponding number.
  • the moment when the terminal performs handover is represented by any one of the following methods:
  • the system frame number of the system frame where the OFDM symbol on which the terminal performs switching is located, the subframe number of the subframe where the OFDM symbol is located, and the OFDM symbol number of the OFDM symbol;
  • the system frame number of the system frame where the OFDM symbol on which the terminal performs switching is located, the time slot number of the time slot where the OFDM symbol is located, and the OFDM symbol number of the OFDM symbol;
  • the terminal performs switching on a system frame number of a system frame where the OFDM symbol is located, a subframe number of a subframe where the OFDM symbol is located, a time slot number of a time slot where the OFDM symbol is located, and an OFDM symbol number of the OFDM symbol.
  • the moment when the terminal performs switching is represented by the system frame number of the system frame where the OFDM symbol on which the terminal performs switching is located, the subframe number of the subframe where the OFDM symbol is located, and the OFDM symbol number of the OFDM symbol; or, represented by the system frame number of the system frame where the OFDM symbol on which the terminal performs switching is located, the time slot number of the time slot where the OFDM symbol is located, and the OFDM symbol number of the OFDM symbol; or, represented by the system frame number of the system frame where the OFDM symbol on which the terminal performs switching is located, the subframe number of the subframe where the OFDM symbol is located, the time slot number of the OFDM symbol
  • the time slot number of the time slot and the OFDM symbol number of the OFDM symbol are represented; in this way, the terminal performs switching when the OFDM symbol with the corresponding number starts.
  • the moment when the terminal performs switching is indicated by a GPS standard clock or a UTC standard clock.
  • the time when the terminal performs handover is indicated by the GPS standard clock or the UTC standard clock; thus, the time when the terminal performs handover has nothing to do with the timing relationship of the wireless air interface.
  • determining the first indication further includes:
  • the second message includes a third message, and the third message is used to instruct the terminal to switch from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station;
  • the second message or the third message includes the first indication.
  • the destination base station sends a second message to the source base station, the second message includes a third message, and the second message or the third message includes a first indication; if the second message includes the first indication, the source base station can obtain the first indication by parsing the second message, thereby knowing the moment when the terminal performs the switch.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication method, which is performed by a source base station of a terminal, and the method includes:
  • the second message further includes a third message, and the third message is used to instruct the terminal to switch from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station;
  • the second message or the third message includes a first indication, where the first indication is used to indicate a time when the terminal performs handover.
  • the source base station receives a second message, the second message includes a third message, and the second message or the third message includes a first indication; if the second message includes the first indication, the source base station can obtain the first indication by parsing the second message, thereby knowing the moment when the terminal performs the switch.
  • the receiving the second message sent by the destination base station also includes:
  • a first message is sent to the target base station, where the first message is used to request handover of the wireless network connection of the terminal from the source cell to the target cell.
  • the source base station determines to switch the access cell of the terminal from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station, and sends a first message to the destination base station, where the first message is used to request that the wireless network connection of the terminal be switched from the source cell to the destination cell; in this way, the destination base station responds to the first message sent by the source base station and sends a second message to the source base station, where the second message is used to instruct the destination base station to accept the switching of the wireless network connection of the terminal from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station.
  • the receiving the second message sent by the destination base station further includes:
  • the second message includes the third message, and the second message or the third message includes the first indication.
  • the source base station sends the second message to the terminal, wherein the second message includes the third message, and the second message or the third message includes the first indication; in this way, the terminal can switch the access cell from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station according to the switching time indicated by the first indication.
  • the sending the second message and the third message to the terminal further includes:
  • a fourth message sent by the terminal is received, where the fourth message is used to indicate that the terminal has received the first indication.
  • the fourth message sent by the terminal is received, and the fourth message is used to indicate that the terminal has received the first indication; in this way, the source base station knows that the terminal has successfully received the first indication.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a communication method, which is executed by a terminal, and the method includes:
  • the third message is used to instruct the terminal to switch from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station; and the first indication is used to indicate the time when the terminal performs the handover.
  • the terminal receives a first indication sent by a source base station, where the first indication is used to indicate a time for the terminal to perform handover; thus, the terminal can perform handover according to the handover time indicated by the first indication.
  • the moment when the terminal performs switching is represented by any one of the following methods:
  • the first indication indicates the time when the terminal executes the switch through one of the duration of the terminal delayed switching, the timing relationship of the wireless air interface and the time when the terminal executes the switch; in this way, the terminal switches through the time when the terminal executes the switch indicated by the first indication.
  • the wireless air interface is a wireless air interface of a cell of the source base station or the destination base station;
  • the timing relationship is one of an uplink timing relationship and a downlink timing relationship.
  • the wireless air interface is the wireless air interface of the cell of the source base station or the destination base station, and the timing relationship is one of the uplink timing relationship and the downlink timing relationship; in this way, the timing relationship of the wireless air interface corresponding to the moment when the terminal performs the switching can be determined.
  • the cell of the source base station or the target base station is any one of the following:
  • the primary cell PCell of the source base station is the primary cell PCell of the source base station
  • the source base station primary and secondary cell PSCell The source base station primary and secondary cell PSCell
  • the primary cell PCell of the target base station is the primary cell PCell of the target base station
  • the target base station is a primary or secondary cell (PSCell).
  • PSCell primary or secondary cell
  • the primary and secondary cells of the source base station based on the primary cell of the source base station, the primary and secondary cells of the source base station, the primary cell of the target base station and one of the primary and secondary cells of the target base station, it can be determined which cell's wireless air interface moment the terminal performs handover.
  • Any one of the system frame number, subframe number, time slot number and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol number is any one of the system frame number, subframe number, time slot number and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol number.
  • the moment when the terminal performs the switch is determined by any one of the system frame number, subframe number, time slot number and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol number; in this way, the moment when the terminal performs the switch can be determined by different time granularities in the timing relationship of the wireless air interface.
  • the moment when the terminal performs switching is represented by the system frame number at which the terminal performs switching.
  • the moment when the terminal performs switching is represented by the system frame number of the system frame where the subframe in which the terminal performs switching is located and the subframe number of the subframe.
  • the time when the terminal performs switching is represented by the system frame number of the system frame where the subframe where the terminal performs switching is located and the subframe number of the subframe; thus, the terminal performs switching at the beginning of the subframe with the corresponding number.
  • the system frame number of the system frame where the time slot where the terminal performs switching is located, the subframe number of the subframe where the time slot is located, and the time slot number of the time slot.
  • the moment when the terminal performs switching is represented by the system frame number of the time slot where the terminal performs switching and the time slot number of the time slot; or, it is represented by the system frame number of the system frame where the time slot where the terminal performs switching is located, the subframe number of the subframe where the time slot is located and the time slot number of the time slot; in this way, the terminal performs switching at the beginning of the time slot with the corresponding number.
  • the moment when the terminal performs handover is represented by any one of the following methods:
  • the system frame number of the system frame where the OFDM symbol on which the terminal performs switching is located, the subframe number of the subframe where the OFDM symbol is located, and the OFDM symbol number of the OFDM symbol;
  • the terminal performs switching on a system frame number of a system frame where the OFDM symbol is located, a subframe number of a subframe where the OFDM symbol is located, a time slot number of a time slot where the OFDM symbol is located, and an OFDM symbol number of the OFDM symbol.
  • the moment when the terminal performs switching is indicated by the system frame number of the system frame where the OFDM symbol on which the terminal performs switching is located, the subframe number of the subframe where the OFDM symbol is located, and the OFDM symbol number of the OFDM symbol; or, it is indicated by the system frame number of the system frame where the OFDM symbol on which the terminal performs switching is located, the time slot number of the time slot where the OFDM symbol is located, and the OFDM symbol number of the OFDM symbol; or, it is indicated by the system frame number of the system frame where the OFDM symbol on which the terminal performs switching is located, the subframe number of the subframe where the OFDM symbol is located, the time slot number of the time slot where the OFDM symbol is located, and the OFDM symbol number of the OFDM symbol; in this way, the terminal can perform switching at the beginning of the OFDM symbol with the corresponding number.
  • the moment when the terminal performs switching is indicated by a GPS standard clock or a UTC standard clock.
  • the time when the terminal performs handover is indicated by the GPS standard clock or the UTC standard clock; thus, the time when the terminal performs handover has nothing to do with the timing relationship of the wireless air interface.
  • the receiving the first indication sent by the source base station further includes:
  • a fourth message is sent to the source base station, where the fourth message is used to indicate that the terminal has received the first indication.
  • a fourth message is sent to the source base station, where the fourth message is used to indicate that the terminal has received the first indication.
  • the source base station can determine that the terminal has received the first indication.
  • the terminal is switched from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station at the time indicated by the first indication.
  • the terminal switches from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station according to the switching time indicated by the first indication.
  • the method further includes:
  • a fifth message is sent to the destination base station, where the fifth message is used to indicate that the terminal has been handed over from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station.
  • the terminal after the terminal performs the handover, it sends a fifth message to the destination base station, where the fifth message is used to indicate that the terminal has been handed over from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station; in this way, the destination base station can know that the terminal has completed the handover.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a destination base station for a terminal, including:
  • a receiving module configured to receive a first message sent by a source base station of a terminal, where the first message is used to request handover of the terminal from a source cell of the source base station to a destination cell of the destination base station;
  • the processing module is used to determine a first indication according to the first message, where the first indication is used to indicate a time when the terminal performs switching.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a source base station of a terminal, including:
  • a receiving module configured to receive a second message sent by a destination base station, wherein the second message is used to instruct the destination base station to accept handover of the wireless network connection of the terminal from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station;
  • the second message or the third message includes a first indication, where the first indication is used to indicate a time when the terminal performs handover.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal, including:
  • a receiving module configured to receive a third message and a first indication sent by a second device
  • the third message is used to instruct the terminal to switch from the source cell of the source base station to the target cell of the target base station; the first instruction Indicates the time for instructing the terminal to perform switching.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a destination base station for a terminal, including:
  • processors one or more processors
  • the destination base station of the terminal is used to execute the communication method described in any one of the first aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a source base station of a terminal, including:
  • processors one or more processors
  • the source base station of the terminal is used to execute the communication method described in any one of the second aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure.
  • processors one or more processors
  • the terminal is used to execute the communication method described in any one of the third aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a communication system, comprising a destination base station of a terminal, a source base station of the terminal, and a terminal; wherein the destination base station of the terminal is configured to implement the communication method of any one of the first aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure; the source base station of the terminal is configured to implement the communication method of any one of the second aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure; and the terminal is configured to implement the communication method of any one of the third aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a storage medium, which, when an instruction is executed on a communication device, enables the communication device to execute any one of the communication methods of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a program product.
  • the communication device executes the method described in the optional implementation of the first aspect, the second aspect, and the third aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure proposes a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the method described in the optional implementation of the first, second, and third aspects.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a chip or a chip system, which includes a processing circuit configured to execute the method described in the optional implementation of the first, second, and third aspects above.
  • the destination base station of the terminal, the source base station of the terminal, the terminal, the communication system, the storage medium, the program product, the computer program, the chip, or the chip system are all used to perform the method proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding method and will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a communication method, a destination base station, a source base station, a terminal, an apparatus, and a storage medium.
  • the terms communication method, signal transmission method, wireless frame transmission method, etc. are interchangeable, and the terms information processing system, communication system, etc. are interchangeable.
  • each step in a certain embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined.
  • a solution after removing some steps in a certain embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily exchanged.
  • the optional implementation methods in a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; in addition, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined. For example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.
  • plurality refers to two or more.
  • the terms "at least one of”, “one or more”, “a plurality of”, “multiple”, etc. can be used interchangeably.
  • descriptions such as “at least one of A and B,” “A and/or B,” “A in one case, B in another case,” or “in response to one case A, in response to another case B” may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (A is executed independently of B); in some embodiments, B (B is executed independently of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); and in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The above is also applicable when there are more branches such as A, B, and C.
  • a or B and other descriptions may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (A is executed independently of B); in some embodiments, B (B is executed independently of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The above is also applicable when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.
  • the description object is "field,” the ordinal number preceding “field” in “first field” and “second field” does not restrict the position or order of the "fields.”
  • First” and “second” do not restrict whether the modified "fields” are in the same message, nor do they restrict the order of the "first field” and “second field.”
  • the description object is "level,” the ordinal number preceding "level” in “first level” and “second level” does not restrict the priority of the "levels.”
  • the number of description objects is not restricted by ordinal numbers and can be one or more. For example, in the case of "first device,” the number of "devices" can be one or more.
  • the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different.
  • the description object is "device,”"firstdevice” and “second device” can be the same or different devices, and their types can be the same or different.
  • the description object is "information,”"firstinformation” and “second information” can be the same or different information, and their content can be the same or different.
  • “including A,” “comprising A,” “used to indicate A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.
  • terms such as “in response to", “in response to determining", “in the case of", “at the time of", “when!, “if", “if", etc. can be used interchangeably.
  • devices and equipment can be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. In some cases, they can also be understood as “equipment”, “device”, “circuit”, “device”, “node”, “function”, “unit”, “section”, “system”, “network”, “chip”, “chip system”, “entity”, “subject”, etc.
  • access network device AN device
  • radio access network device radio
  • access network device (RAN device)”, “base station (BS)”, “radio base station”, “fixed station”, “node”, “access point”, “transmission point (TP)”, “reception point (RP)”, “transmission/reception point (TRP)”, “panel”, “antenna panel”, “antenna array”, “cell”, “macro cell”, “small cell”, “femto cell”, “pico cell”, “sector”, “cell group”, “carrier”, “component carrier”, and “bandwidth part (BWP)” are used interchangeably.
  • the device may refer to a device on the ground, such as an access network device and/or a core network device on the ground; it may also refer to a device on a satellite, such as an access network device and/or a core network device on a satellite; the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit whether the device is a device on the ground or a device on a satellite, nor do they limit whether the device refers to an access network device or a core network device.
  • terminal In some embodiments, the terms "terminal”, “terminal device”, “user equipment (terminal)”, “user terminal” “mobile station (MS)”, “mobile terminal (MT)", subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, etc. can be used interchangeably.
  • the device may refer to a device on the ground, such as an access network device and/or a core network device on the ground; it may also refer to a device on a satellite, such as an access network device and/or a core network device on a satellite; the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit whether the device is a device on the ground or a device on a satellite, nor do they limit whether the device refers to an access network device or a core network device.
  • the access network device, the core network device, or the network device can be replaced by a terminal.
  • the various embodiments of the present disclosure can also be applied to a structure in which the communication between the access network device, the core network device, or the network device and the terminal is replaced by communication between multiple terminals (for example, it can also be called device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), etc.).
  • D2D device-to-device
  • V2X vehicle-to-everything
  • language such as "uplink” and "downlink” can also be replaced by language corresponding to communication between terminals (for example, "side”).
  • uplink channels, downlink channels, etc. can be replaced by side channels
  • uplinks, downlinks, etc. can be replaced by side links.
  • the terminal may be replaced by an access network device, a core network device, or a network device.
  • the access network device, the core network device, or the network device may have a structure that has all or part of the functions of the terminal.
  • terms such as “uplink”, “uplink”, “physical uplink” can be interchangeable with each other, and terms such as “downlink”, “downlink”, “physical downlink” can be interchangeable with each other, and terms such as “side”, “sidelink”, “side communication”, “sidelink communication”, “direct connection”, “direct link”, “direct communication”, “direct link communication” can be interchangeable with each other.
  • DCI downlink control information
  • DL downlink
  • UL uplink
  • UL DCI uplink
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
  • obtain can be interchangeable, and can be interpreted as receiving from other entities, obtaining from a protocol, obtaining by self-processing, autonomous implementation, etc.
  • predetermined and preset can be interpreted as pre-specified in a protocol, etc., or can be interpreted as a pre-set action performed by a device, etc.
  • data, information, etc. may be obtained with the user's consent.
  • each element, each row, or each column in the table of the embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the combination of any elements, any rows, and any columns can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.
  • FIG1A is an exemplary schematic diagram showing the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a communication system 100 includes a destination base station 101 of a terminal, a source base station 102 of the terminal, and a terminal 103 .
  • the terminal includes, for example, at least one of a mobile phone, a wearable device, an Internet of Things device, a car with communication capabilities, a smart car, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, and a wireless terminal device in a smart home, but is not limited thereto.
  • a mobile phone a wearable device, an Internet of Things device, a car with communication capabilities, a smart car, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery,
  • the communication system described in the embodiments of the present disclosure is intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions proposed in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions proposed in the embodiments of the present disclosure are equally applicable to similar technical problems.
  • the following embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG1A , or a portion thereof, but are not limited thereto.
  • the entities shown in FIG1A are illustrative only.
  • the communication system may include all or part of the entities shown in FIG1A , or may include other entities other than those shown in FIG1A .
  • the number and form of the entities may be arbitrary.
  • the connection relationship between the entities is illustrative only.
  • the entities may be connected or disconnected, and the connection may be in any manner, including direct or indirect, wired or wireless.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A LTE-Advanced
  • SUPER 3G IMT-Advanced
  • 4th generation mobile communication system 4th generation mobile communication system
  • 5th generation mobile communication system 5th generation mobile communication system-Advanced
  • 6th generation mobile communication system 6th generation mobile communication system
  • 5G New Radio NR
  • Future Radio Access FX
  • New-Radio Access Technology RAT
  • New Radio NR
  • NX New Radio Access
  • FX Future Generation Radio Access
  • GSM registered trademark
  • CDMA2000 Ultra Mobile Broadband
  • UMB Ultra Mobile Broadband
  • IEEE IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi (registered trademark)
  • IEEE 802.16 WiMAX (registered trademark)
  • IEEE 802.20 Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, Device-to-Device (D2D) systems, Machine-to-Mach
  • machine learning algorithms are one of the most important implementation methods of artificial intelligence technology.
  • Machine learning can generate models from large amounts of training data, which can then be used to predict events.
  • models trained using machine learning can produce highly accurate predictions.
  • AI can be used in 5G systems for prediction and reasoning to improve system performance.
  • 3GPP Rel-19 is exploring the use of AI to predict cell-level and beam-level measurement results, as well as to predict measurement events.
  • downlink and uplink transmissions in the 5G wireless air interface are organized into 10-ms frames, each consisting of ten 1-ms subframes.
  • Each frame is identified by a System Frame Number (SFN), which ranges from 0 to 1023 and then loops back to 0.
  • SFN System Frame Number
  • the six most significant bits (MSBs) of the SFN are transmitted in the Master Information Block (MIB), and the four least significant bits (LSBs) are indicated by the channel coding of the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH).
  • Subframes are numbered from 0 to 9.
  • the slot duration is 14 symbols with a regular cyclic prefix (CP) and 12 symbols with an extended CP, and varies over time as a function of the subcarrier spacing.
  • CP regular cyclic prefix
  • the subcarrier spacing When the subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz, there is one time slot in one subframe and 10 time slots in one frame, numbered from 0 to 9. When the subcarrier spacing is 30 kHz, there are two time slots in one subframe, numbered from 0 and 1, and 20 time slots in one frame, numbered from 0 to 19. When the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, there are four time slots in one subframe, numbered from 0 to 3, and 40 time slots in one frame, numbered from 0 to 39. The same applies to subcarrier spacings of 120 kHz, 240 kHz, 480 kHz, and 960 kHz.
  • FIG1B is an exemplary schematic diagram illustrating a terminal switching from a source cell of a source base station to a target cell of a target base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG1B :
  • step 1 the terminal moves from the source base station to the destination base station.
  • the source base station decides to initiate a handover and switches the terminal from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station.
  • the source base station sends a handover request message HANDOVER REQUEST to the destination base station through the Xn interface.
  • step 2 after receiving the handover request message, the target base station performs admission control on the terminal and decides to accept the handover of the terminal to the cell of the target terminal.
  • step 3 the destination base station sends a handover request confirmation message HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE to the source base station; it should be noted that the handover request confirmation message includes a radio resource control reconfiguration message RRCReconfiguration, and the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes the handover information of the terminal.
  • the handover request confirmation message includes a radio resource control reconfiguration message RRCReconfiguration
  • the radio resource control reconfiguration message includes the handover information of the terminal.
  • step 4 the source base station sends an RRCReconfiguration message to the terminal, where the RRCReconfiguration message includes handover information of the terminal.
  • step 6 after switching to the target cell of the target base station, the terminal sends a radio resource control reconfiguration completion message RRCReconfigurationComplete to the target base station as a response.
  • the terminal when the terminal receives the RRCReconfiguration message containing the switching information, the terminal will immediately execute the corresponding switching process according to the switching information contained in the received RRCReconfiguration message.
  • the destination base station it is difficult for the destination base station to choose the appropriate time to send the RRCReconfiguration message containing the switching information. If the destination base station sends the RRC Reconfiguration message containing the switching information too early, the quality of the wireless channel between the terminal and the destination base station may be poor, resulting in a switching failure.
  • the quality of the wireless channel between the terminal and the source base station may be poor, resulting in the source base station being unable to successfully send the RRCReconfiguration message containing the switching information to the terminal, making it impossible for the terminal to perform the switching operation; at the same time, due to the poor quality of the wireless channel between the terminal and the source base station, a radio link failure (RLF) will also occur.
  • RLF radio link failure
  • FIG2 is an interactive diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG2 , the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method for a communication system 100, the method comprising:
  • Step S2101 The source base station sends a first message to the destination base station.
  • the terminal has a wireless network connection with a source cell of a source base station. While the terminal is moving from the source base station to the destination base station, the terminal sends a measurement report to the source base station.
  • the measurement report includes, but is not limited to, signal strength of the source cell, signal strength of cells adjacent to the source cell, and PCI information.
  • the source base station determines the access cell to which the terminal should be handed over based on the measurement report and other information sent by the terminal (e.g., the load of the source cell, the terminal's mobility restrictions, and the wireless capabilities).
  • the source base station sends a first message to the target base station via the Xn interface, where the first message is used to request that the terminal be handed over from the source cell of the source base station to the target cell of the target base station.
  • the first message may be an Xn message, for example, a handover request confirmation message HANDOVER REQUEST; or
  • Xn message for example, a handover request confirmation message HANDOVER REQUEST; or
  • HANDOVER REQUEST a handover request confirmation message
  • the first message includes first information, where the first information is the time when the source base station instructs the terminal to perform switching.
  • the source base station and the destination base station include but are not limited to: 4G base station, 5G base station, 6G base station; the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the source base station or the destination base station.
  • Step S2102 The target base station determines the time when the terminal performs handover.
  • the destination base station determines a first indication in response to the first message, where the first indication is used to indicate a time when the terminal performs handover.
  • the destination base station uses the first information as auxiliary information for determining the first indication.
  • the destination base station may determine the first instruction according to the time when the source base station instructs the terminal to perform handover, which is included in the first information.
  • the first indication includes a delay time for the terminal to perform the handover, and is used to instruct the terminal to wait for the delay time before performing the handover after receiving the first indication.
  • a delay duration reconfigDelay-r19 may be added to the RRCReconfiguration message of 3GPP TS 38.331, where the suffix r19 of reconfigDelay indicates that it was introduced in 3GPP Rel-19.
  • the delay duration may also be introduced in other 3GPP Releases, and the suffix will change accordingly.
  • the suffix is r20, i.e., reconfigDelay-r20.
  • the delay time for the terminal to execute switching is not a fixed value, and can be set by the equipment manufacturer or equipment operator. For example, it can be 5ms, 10ms, 15ms, 20ms, 30ms, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the delay time of the terminal switching.
  • a description of terminal behavior may be added to Section 5.3.5.3 of 3GPP TS 38.331.
  • the terminal shall perform the following actions upon receiving an RRCReconfiguration or performing a conditional reconfiguration (CHO, CPA, or CPC):
  • RRCReconfiguration includes reconfigDelay
  • the following operations are performed after the reconfiguration delay, including:
  • RRCReconfiguration includes daps-SourceRelease, reset the source MAC and release the source MAC configuration
  • DAPS bearer For each DAPS bearer, it also includes:
  • the first indication includes the time when the terminal performs the handover, and the time when the terminal performs the handover is indicated by a GPS standard clock or a UTC standard clock. It can be understood that the time when the terminal performs the handover included in the first indication uses a standard time, for example, the time indicated by the GPS standard clock or the time indicated by the UTC standard clock.
  • the first indication includes a timing relationship of a wireless air interface, where the wireless air interface is a wireless air interface of a cell of a source base station or a target base station; and the timing relationship is one of an uplink timing relationship and a downlink timing relationship.
  • a terminal may communicate with multiple cells at the source base station, and may also communicate with multiple cells at the destination base station after handover.
  • the timing relationship of the wireless air interface of each cell may be different. Therefore, the handover time that the destination base station needs to indicate is the handover time of a specific serving cell. For example: the PCell of the source base station or master node (MN), the PSCell of the source secondary node (SN), the PCell of the destination base station, the PSCell of the destination secondary node (SN), etc.
  • the timing relationship of the wireless air interface includes any one of a system frame number, a subframe number, a time slot number, and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol number. It can be understood that the moment when the terminal performs handover can be represented by at least one of the system frame number, the subframe number, the time slot number, and the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol number.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • the timing relationship of the wireless air interface is: the system frame number of the system frame in which the terminal performs the handover.
  • the timing relationship of the wireless air interface is: the system frame number of the system frame where the subframe in which the terminal performs the handover is located and the subframe number of the subframe.
  • the timing relationship of the wireless air interface is any one of the following:
  • the system frame number of the system frame where the time slot where the terminal performs switching is located, the subframe number of the subframe where the time slot is located, and the time slot number of the time slot.
  • the timing relationship of the wireless air interface is any one of the following:
  • the terminal performs switching on the system frame number of the system frame where the OFDM symbol is located, the subframe number of the subframe where the OFDM symbol is located, the time slot number of the time slot where the OFDM symbol is located, and the OFDM symbol number of the OFDM symbol.
  • a selection structure can be used to select a method.
  • referenceSFN-AndSlot can be used to indicate the SFN system frame number and the timeslot number within the system frame; referenceTime can be used to indicate GPS time.
  • the timing relationship of the wireless air interface uses the downlink timing relationship of the current PCell.
  • the RRCReconfiguration message includes a reconfigTime, where the reconfigTime indicates the time at which the terminal performs the handover. If the reconfigTime is expressed as a referenceTime, the reconfigTime indicates the time from the GPS origin in 10 ns, where the referenceTime is calculated as follows: refDays*86400*1000*100000+refSeconds*1000*100000+refMilliSeconds*100000+refTenNanoSeconds.
  • the refDays field specifies the number of consecutive days starting from the GPS origin time, which is 00:00:00 on January 6, 1980.
  • the refSeconds field specifies the number of seconds in fractions of a day.
  • the refMilliSeconds field specifies the number of milliseconds in fractions of a second.
  • the refTenNanoSeconds field specifies the number of 10-ns time units in fractions of a millisecond. If the reconfigTime field indicates referenceSFN-AndSlot, this number refers to the downlink time of the most recent system frame and timeslot serving the PCell.
  • RRCReconfiguration includes reconfigTime
  • the following operations are performed at reconfigTime, including:
  • RRCReconfiguration includes daps-SourceRelease, reset the source MAC and release the source MAC configuration
  • DAPS bearer For each DAPS bearer, it also includes:
  • the timing relationship of the wireless air interface is the uplink timing relationship of the PCell in the source base station.
  • the system frame number in the uplink timing relationship of the PCell in the source base station is 100.
  • the first indication includes the system frame number 900 , the first indication is used to instruct the terminal to perform switching at the beginning of the system frame with the system frame number 900 .
  • the first indication includes the system frame number 900 and the subframe number 10
  • the first indication is used to instruct the terminal to perform switching starting from the 10th subframe in the system frame numbered 900.
  • the first indication includes the system frame number 900, the subframe number 10, and the time slot number 2, the first indication is used to instruct the terminal to perform switching at the beginning of the second time slot of the 10th subframe in the system frame numbered 900.
  • the first indication includes the system frame number 900 , the subframe number 10 and the OFDM symbol number 2 , the first indication is used to instruct the terminal to perform switching at the beginning of the second OFDM symbol of the 10th subframe in the system frame numbered 900 .
  • downlink and uplink transmissions in a 5G wireless air interface are organized into frames of 10ms duration, each of which consists of ten 1ms subframes.
  • Each frame is identified by a system frame number (SFN), where the system frame number ranges from 0 to 1023; it can be understood that the system frame number increments from 0 to 1023 and then returns to 0 to start the cycle.
  • SFN system frame number
  • the terminal performs switching at the beginning of the 100th system frame in the next round.
  • the timing relationship of different cells of the source base station or the destination base station may be the same or different; therefore, the destination base station needs to specify which cell the timing relationship of the wireless air interface is the timing relationship of. For example: if the timing relationship of the PCell in the source base station is used, then the destination base station or the destination secondary node (SN) needs to be based on the timing relationship of the PCell of the source base station. If the timing relationship of the PSCell in the source SN is used, the destination SN needs to calculate how to indicate the switching time of the terminal based on the timing relationship of the PSCell in the source SN.
  • Step S2103 The destination base station sends the time when the terminal performs handover to the source base station.
  • the destination base station after the destination base station determines the first indication, it sends a second message to the source base station, and the second message is used to indicate that the destination base station accepts switching the terminal from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station; wherein the second message includes a third message, and the third message is used to indicate that the terminal is switched from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station.
  • the second message or the third message includes a first indication, where the first indication is used to indicate a time when the terminal performs handover.
  • the third message further includes handover information, where the handover information includes but is not limited to an identifier and frequency information of the target cell.
  • the second message may be an Xn message, such as HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE; or it may be a message customized by the device manufacturer or device operator.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific type of the second message.
  • the third message may be an RRC message, such as a radio resource control reconfiguration message RRCReconfiguration; or a message customized by a device manufacturer or a device operator.
  • RRC radio resource control reconfiguration
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific type of the third message.
  • the source base station generally only parses the second message, and does not parse the third message included in the second message. Therefore, when the second message includes the third message and the first indication, the source base station parses the second message to obtain the first indication, thereby knowing the time when the terminal performs handover. After the terminal performs handover, the source base station will no longer send data or signaling to the terminal, thus avoiding waste of resources.
  • Step S2104 The source base station sends the terminal the time at which the terminal performs handover.
  • the source base station receives a second message, where the second message is used to instruct the target base station to accept handover of the terminal from the source cell of the source base station to the target cell of the target base station.
  • the source base station sends the third message and the first indication to the terminal.
  • the source base station sends the third message to the terminal, where the third message includes the first indication.
  • the source base station receives a fourth message sent by the terminal, where the fourth message is used to indicate that the terminal has received the first indication.
  • the fourth message may be an RRC message; or it may be a message customized by the device manufacturer or device operator.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific type of the fourth message.
  • Step S2105 The terminal is handed over from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station.
  • the terminal after receiving the first indication, the terminal sends a fourth message to the source base station, where the fourth message is used to indicate that the terminal has received the first indication.
  • the terminal switches from the source cell of the source base station to the target cell of the target base station according to the switching information included in the third message and the time when the terminal performs switching indicated by the first indication.
  • a fifth message is sent to the target base station, where the fifth message is used to indicate that the terminal has been handed over from the source cell of the source base station to the target cell of the target base station.
  • the fifth message may be an RRC message, such as a radio resource control reconfiguration complete message RRCReconfigurationComplete; or a message customized by a device manufacturer or a device operator.
  • RRC message such as a radio resource control reconfiguration complete message RRCReconfigurationComplete
  • RRCReconfigurationComplete a radio resource control reconfiguration complete message
  • FIG3 is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG3 , the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a destination base station 101 of a terminal, and the method includes:
  • step S3101 For optional implementations of step S3101, reference may be made to the optional implementations of step 2102 in FIG2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in FIG2 , which will not be described in detail here.
  • the source base station sends a first message to the target base station via an Xn interface, where the first message is used to request handover of the terminal from a source cell of the source base station to a target cell of the target base station.
  • the first message includes first information, where the first information is the time when the source base station instructs the terminal to perform switching.
  • Step S3102 Determine the time when the terminal performs switching.
  • step S3102 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2102 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.
  • the destination base station determines a first indication in response to the first message, where the first indication is used to indicate a time when the terminal performs handover.
  • the destination base station uses the first information as auxiliary information for determining the first indication.
  • the destination base station may determine the first instruction based on the time when the source base station instructs the terminal to perform the handover, as included in the first information. In some embodiments, if the first message does not include the time when the source base station instructs the terminal to perform the handover, the time when the terminal performs the handover is determined according to any one of the following methods, including:
  • the timing relationship of the wireless air interface includes any one of a system frame number, a subframe number, a time slot number, and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol number. It can be understood that the moment when the terminal performs handover can be represented by at least one of the system frame number, the subframe number, the time slot number, and the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol number.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • Step S3103 Send the time when the terminal performs handover to the source base station.
  • step S3103 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2103 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.
  • the destination base station after the destination base station determines the first indication, it sends a second message to the source base station, the second message being used to instruct the destination base station to accept handover of the terminal from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station; wherein the second message includes a third message, the third message being used to instruct the terminal to handover from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station; the second message or the third message includes the first indication
  • the third message further includes handover information, and the handover information includes but is not limited to an identifier and frequency information of the target cell.
  • Step S3104 Receive the fifth message sent by the terminal.
  • step S3104 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2105 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.
  • a fifth message sent by the terminal is received, where the fifth message is used to indicate that the terminal has been handed over from a source cell of a source base station to a target cell of a target base station.
  • FIG4 is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG4 , the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a source base station 102 of a terminal, and the method includes:
  • Step S4101 Send a first message to a destination base station.
  • step S4101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2101 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.
  • the source base station sends a first message to the target base station via an Xn interface, where the first message is used to request handover of the terminal from a source cell of the source base station to a target cell of the target base station.
  • the first message includes first information, where the first information is the time when the source base station instructs the terminal to perform switching.
  • Step S4102 Receive the time when the terminal performs handover sent by the destination base station.
  • step S4102 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2103 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.
  • a second message sent by the destination base station is received, and the second message is used to indicate that the destination base station accepts switching the terminal from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station; wherein the second message includes a third message, and the third message is used to indicate that the terminal is switched from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station.
  • the second message or the third message includes a first indication, where the first indication is used to indicate a time when the terminal performs handover.
  • the third message further includes handover information, and the handover information includes but is not limited to an identifier and frequency information of the target cell.
  • Step S4103 Send the time when the terminal performs handover to the terminal.
  • step S4103 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2104 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.
  • the source base station sends the third message and the first indication to the terminal.
  • the source base station sends the third message to the terminal.
  • the first indication is used to indicate a moment when the terminal performs handover.
  • Step S4104 receiving the fourth message sent by the terminal.
  • step S4104 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2105 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.
  • the source base station receives a fourth message sent by the terminal, where the fourth message is used to indicate that the terminal has received the first indication.
  • step S4104 is an optional step.
  • FIG5 is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG5 , the embodiment of the present disclosure involves a terminal 103, and the method includes:
  • Step S5101 Receive the time when the terminal performs handover sent by the source base station.
  • step S5101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2104 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal receives the third message and the first indication sent by the source base station.
  • the terminal receives a third message sent by the source base station, where the third message includes the first indication.
  • the first indication is used to indicate the moment when the terminal performs switching.
  • Step S5102 Send a fourth message to the source base station.
  • step S5102 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2105 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal after receiving the first indication, the terminal sends a fourth message to the source base station, where the fourth message is used to indicate that the terminal has received the first indication.
  • step S5102 is an optional step.
  • Step S5103 The terminal is handed over from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station.
  • step S5103 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2105 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal switches from the source cell of the source base station to the target cell of the target base station according to the switching information included in the third message and the time when the terminal performs switching indicated by the first indication.
  • Step S5104 Send a fifth message to the destination base station.
  • step S5104 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2105 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiment involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.
  • a fifth message is sent to the target base station, where the fifth message is used to indicate that the terminal has been handed over from the source cell of the source base station to the target cell of the target base station.
  • FIG6 is an interactive diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG6 , the embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a communication method for a communication system 100, the method comprising:
  • Step S6101 The source base station sends a first message to the destination base station.
  • step S6101 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2101 in Figure 2, step S3101 in Figure 3, step S4101 in Figure 4, and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figures 2, 3, and 4, which will not be repeated here.
  • the source base station sends a first message to the target base station via an Xn interface, where the first message is used to request handover of the terminal from a source cell of the source base station to a target cell of the target base station.
  • the first message includes first information, where the first information is the time when the source base station instructs the terminal to perform switching.
  • Step S6102 The destination base station determines the time when the terminal performs handover.
  • step S6102 may refer to step S2101 in FIG. 2 , step S3102 in FIG. 3 , and other related parts in the embodiments involved in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , which will not be described in detail here.
  • the destination base station determines a first indication in response to the first message, where the first indication is used to indicate a time when the terminal performs handover.
  • the destination base station uses the first information as auxiliary information for determining the first indication.
  • the destination base station may determine the first instruction according to the time when the source base station instructs the terminal to perform handover, which is included in the first information.
  • the time when the terminal performs the handover is determined according to any one of the following methods, including:
  • Step S6103 The destination base station sends the time when the terminal performs handover to the source base station.
  • step S6103 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2102 in Figure 2, step S3103 in Figure 3, step S4102 in Figure 4, and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figures 2, 3, and 4, which will not be repeated here.
  • the destination base station after the destination base station determines the first indication, it sends a second message to the source base station, and the second message is used to indicate that the destination base station accepts switching the terminal from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station; wherein the second message includes a third message, and the third message is used to indicate that the terminal is switched from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station.
  • the second message or the third message includes a first indication, where the first indication is used to indicate a time when the terminal performs handover.
  • the third message further includes handover information, and the handover information includes but is not limited to an identifier and frequency information of the target cell.
  • Step S6104 The source base station sends the terminal the time at which the terminal performs handover.
  • step S6104 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2103 in Figure 2, step S4103 in Figure 4, step S5101 in Figure 5, and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figures 2, 4 and 5, which will not be repeated here.
  • the source base station sends the third message and the first indication to the terminal.
  • the source base station sends the third message to the terminal.
  • the first indication is used to indicate a moment when the terminal performs handover.
  • Step S6105 The terminal sends a fourth message to the source base station.
  • step S6105 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2104 in Figure 2, step S4104 in Figure 4, step S5102 in Figure 5, and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figures 2, 4 and 5, which will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal after receiving the first indication, the terminal sends a fourth message to the source base station, where the fourth message is used to indicate that the terminal has received the first indication.
  • step S6105 in the embodiment of the present application is an optional step.
  • Step S6106 The terminal is handed over from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station.
  • step S6106 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2105 in Figure 2, step S5103 in Figure 5, and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figures 2 and 5, which will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal releases the wireless network connection with the source cell of the source base station and establishes a wireless network connection with the destination cell of the destination base station according to the switching information included in the third message and the time of performing the switching indicated by the first indication.
  • Step S6107 The terminal sends a fifth message to the destination base station.
  • step S6107 can refer to the optional implementation of step S2105 in Figure 2, step S3104 in Figure 3, step S5104 in Figure 5, and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figures 2, 3, and 5, which will not be repeated here.
  • a fifth message is sent to the target base station, where the fifth message is used to indicate that the terminal has been handed over from the source cell of the source base station to the target cell of the target base station.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure further provide an apparatus for implementing any of the above methods.
  • an apparatus is provided that includes units or modules for implementing each step performed by the destination base station 101 of the terminal in any of the above methods.
  • another apparatus is provided that includes units or modules for implementing each step performed by the source base station 102 of the terminal in any of the above methods.
  • the division of the units or modules in the above device is only a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into one physical entity, or they can be physically separated.
  • the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor, the processor is connected to a memory, the memory stores instructions, and the processor calls the memory.
  • the instructions stored in the device are used to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of the various units or modules of the above-mentioned device, wherein the processor is, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory is a memory within the device or a memory outside the device.
  • a general-purpose processor such as a central processing unit (CPU) or a microprocessor
  • the memory is a memory within the device or a memory outside the device.
  • the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits, and the functions of some or all of the units or modules can be implemented by designing the hardware circuits.
  • the above-mentioned hardware circuits can be understood as one or more processors; for example, in one implementation, the above-mentioned hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and the functions of some or all of the above units or modules are implemented by designing the logical relationship of the components within the circuit; for example, in another implementation, the above-mentioned hardware circuit can be implemented by a programmable logic device (PLD), taking a field programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, which can include a large number of logic gate circuits, and the connection relationship between the logic gate circuits is configured through a configuration file to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. All units or modules of the above devices may be implemented entirely by a processor calling software, or entirely by hardware circuits, or partially by a processor calling software and the rest by hardware circuits.
  • the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities.
  • the processor can be a circuit with instruction reading and execution capabilities, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP).
  • the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationship of a hardware circuit. The logical relationship of the above-mentioned hardware circuit is fixed or reconfigurable.
  • the processor is a hardware circuit implemented by an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA.
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • the process of the processor loading a configuration document to implement the hardware circuit configuration can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules.
  • it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as ASIC, such as the Neural Network Processing Unit (NPU), the Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), the Deep Learning Processing Unit (DPU), etc.
  • FIG7A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a destination base station of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the destination base station of the terminal may include: a receiving module 7101 and a processing module 7102 .
  • the receiving module is used to receive a first message sent by a source base station of the terminal, where the first message is used to request handover of the terminal from a source cell of the source base station to a destination cell of the destination base station.
  • the processing module is used to determine a first indication based on the first message, where the first indication is used to indicate a time when the terminal performs switching.
  • the above-mentioned receiving module is used to execute the communication steps such as sending and/or receiving performed by the terminal in any of the above methods, such as step S3101, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG7B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a source base station of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the source base station of the terminal may include: a receiving module 7201 .
  • the receiving module is configured to receive a second message sent by a destination base station, where the second message is configured to instruct the destination base station to accept handover of the wireless network connection of the terminal from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station;
  • the second message further includes a third message, and the third message is used to instruct the terminal to switch from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station;
  • the second message or the third message includes a first indication, where the first indication is used to indicate a time when the terminal performs handover.
  • the above-mentioned receiving module is used to execute the communication steps such as sending and/or receiving performed by the terminal in any of the above methods, such as step S4101, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG7C is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the terminal may include: a receiving module 7301 .
  • the receiving module is configured to receive a third message and a first indication sent by the second device; or,
  • the third message is used to instruct the terminal to switch from the source cell of the source base station to the destination cell of the destination base station; and the first indication is used to indicate the time when the terminal performs the handover.
  • the sending module is used to execute the communication steps such as sending and/or receiving performed by the terminal in any of the above methods, such as step S5101, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG8A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device 8100 proposed in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the communication device 8100 can be a device (such as an access network device, a core network device, etc.), or an IoT device, or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the device to implement any of the above methods, or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the IoT device to implement any of the above methods.
  • the communication device 8100 can be used to implement the method described in the above method embodiment. For details, please refer to the description of the above method embodiment. bright.
  • the communication device 8100 includes one or more processors 8101.
  • the processor 8101 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, for example, a baseband processor or a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor can be used to process the communication protocol and communication data
  • the central processing unit can be used to control the communication device (such as a base station, a baseband chip, a terminal device, a terminal device chip, a DU or a CU, etc.), execute programs, and process program data.
  • the communication device 8100 is used to perform any of the above methods.
  • one or more processors 8101 are used to call instructions to enable the communication device 8100 to perform any of the above methods.
  • the communication device 8100 further includes one or more transceivers 8102.
  • the transceiver 8102 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and/or receiving in the above method (for example, step S2101, but not limited thereto), and the processor 8101 performs at least one of the other steps (for example, step S2102, but not limited thereto).
  • the transceiver may include a receiver and/or a transmitter, and the receiver and transmitter may be separate or integrated.
  • transceiver transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, interface circuit, and interface
  • transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, and transmitting circuit may be interchangeable
  • receiver, receiving unit, receiver, and receiving circuit may be interchangeable.
  • the communication device 8100 further includes one or more memories 8103 for storing data. Alternatively, all or part of the memories 8103 may be located outside the communication device 8100. In alternative embodiments, the communication device 8100 may include one or more interface circuits 8104.
  • the interface circuits 8104 are connected to the memories 8103 and may be configured to receive data from the memories 8103 or other devices, or to send data to the memories 8103 or other devices. For example, the interface circuits 8104 may read data stored in the memories 8103 and send the data to the processor 8101.
  • the communication device 8100 described in the above embodiments may be a device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication device 8100 described in the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 8100 may not be limited by FIG. 8A.
  • the communication device may be an independent device or may be part of a larger device.
  • the communication device may be: 1) an independent integrated circuit IC, or a chip, or a chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the above IC collection may also include a storage component for storing data or programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, a terminal device, an intelligent terminal device, a cellular phone, a wireless device, a handheld device, a mobile unit, an in-vehicle device, a device, a cloud device, an artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.
  • FIG8B is a schematic diagram of the structure of a chip 8200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. If the communication device 8100 can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to the schematic diagram of the structure of the chip 8200 shown in FIG8B , but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • the chip 8200 includes one or more processors 8201.
  • the chip 8200 is configured to execute any of the above methods.
  • chip 8200 further includes one or more interface circuits 8202. Terms such as interface circuit, interface, and transceiver pins may be used interchangeably.
  • chip 8200 further includes one or more memories 8203 for storing data. Alternatively, all or part of memory 8203 may be located external to chip 8200.
  • interface circuit 8202 is connected to memory 8203 and may be used to receive data from memory 8203 or other devices, or may be used to send data to memory 8203 or other devices. For example, interface circuit 8202 may read data stored in memory 8203 and send the data to processor 8201.
  • the interface circuit 8202 performs at least one of the communication steps (e.g., step S2101, but not limited thereto) in the above method, such as sending and/or receiving.
  • the interface circuit 8202 performing the communication steps (e.g., sending and/or receiving) in the above method for example, means that the interface circuit 8202 performs data exchange between the processor 8201, chip 8200, memory 8203, or a transceiver device.
  • the processor 8201 performs at least one of the other steps (e.g., step S2102, but not limited thereto).
  • the present disclosure also proposes a storage medium having instructions stored thereon, which, when executed on the communication device 8100, causes the communication device 8100 to execute any of the above methods.
  • the storage medium is an electronic storage medium.
  • the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but is not limited thereto, and may also be a storage medium readable by other devices.
  • the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but is not limited thereto, and may also be a temporary storage medium.
  • the present disclosure also provides a program product, which, when executed by the communication device 8100, enables the communication device 8100 to perform any of the above methods.
  • the program product is a computer program product.
  • the present disclosure also proposes a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform any one of the above methods.

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Abstract

本公开涉及通信方法、目的基站、源基站、终端、装置及存储介质。方法包括：接收终端的源基站发送的第一消息，所述第一消息用于请求将终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；根据所述第一消息，确定第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。本公开的终端在从源基站移动到目的基站的过程中，网络向终端发送包含切换信息的RRC消息，网络在包含切换信息的RRC消息中指示了终端执行切换的时刻，解决了现有技术中网络很难选择合适的发送包含切换信息的RRC消息的时机的技术问题。

Description

通信方法、目的基站、源基站、终端、装置及存储介质 技术领域
本公开涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及通信方法、目的基站、源基站、终端、装置及存储介质。
背景技术
相关技术中，终端在从源基站移动到目的基站的过程中，网络向终端发送包含切换信息的无线资源控制(Radio Resource Control，RRC)消息，终端在接收到切换信息后立即进行切换。
网络过早或过晚向终端发送包含切换信息的RRC消息可能会导致终端切换失败。因此，网络很难选择合适的发送包含切换信息的RRC消息的时机。
发明内容
本公开实施例提出了通信方法、目的基站、源基站、终端、装置及存储介质。
第一方面，本公开实施例提出了一种通信方法，由终端的目的基站执行，方法包括：
接收终端的源基站发送的第一消息，所述第一消息用于请求将终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
根据所述第一消息，确定第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
第二方面，本公开实施例提出了一种通信方法，由终端的源基站执行，方法包括：
接收目的基站发送的第二消息，所述第二消息用于指示所述目的基站接受终端的无线网络连接由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
其中，所述第二消息还包括第三消息，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
所述第二消息或所述第三消息包括第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
第三方面，本公开实施例提出了一种通信方法，由终端执行，方法包括：
接收第二设备发送的第三消息和第一指示；或者，
接收所述第二设备发送的所述第三消息，所述第三消息包括所述第一指示；
其中，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区；所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
第四方面，本公开实施例提出了一种终端的目的基站，包括：
接收模块，用于接收终端的源基站发送的第一消息，所述第一消息用于请求将终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
处理模块，用于根据所述第一消息，确定第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
第五方面，本公开实施例提出了一种终端的源基站，包括：
接收模块，用于接收目的基站发送的第二消息，所述第二消息用于指示所述目的基站接受终端的无线网络连接由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
其中，所述第二消息还包括第三消息，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
所述第二消息或所述第三消息包括第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
第六方面，本公开实施例提出了一种终端，包括：
接收模块，用于接收第二设备发送的第三消息和第一指示；或者，
接收所述第二设备发送的所述第三消息，所述第三消息包括所述第一指示；
其中，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区；所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
第七方面，本公开实施例提出了一种终端的目的基站，包括：
一个或多个处理器；
其中，所述终端的目的基站用于执行本公开实施例中第一方面中任一项所述的通信方法。
第八方面，本公开实施例提出了一种终端的源基站，包括：
一个或多个处理器；
其中，所述终端的源基站用于执行本公开实施例中第二方面中任一项所述的通信方法。
第九方面，本公开实施例提出了一种终端，包括：
一个或多个处理器；
其中，所述终端用于执行本公开实施例中第三方面中任一项所述的通信方法。
第十方面，本公开实施例提出了一种通信系统，包括终端的目的基站、终端的源基站、终端；其中，终端的目的基站被配置为实现本公开实施例第一方面中任一项的通信方法；终端的源基站被配置为实现本公开实施例第二方面中任一项的通信方法；终端被配置为实现本公开实施例第三方面中任一项的通信方法。
第十一方面，本公开实施例提出了一种存储介质，当指令在通信设备上运行时，使得通信设备执行本公开实施例中任一项的通信方法。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例中的技术方案，以下对实施例描述所需的附图进行介绍，以下附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，不对本公开的保护范围造成具体限制。
图1A是根据本公开实施例提供的通信系统的架构的一个示例性示意图；
图1B是根据本公开实施例示出的终端从源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区的一个示例性示意图；
图2是根据本公开实施例示出的通信方法的交互示意图；
图3是根据本公开实施例示出的通信方法的流程示意图；
图4是根据本公开实施例示出的通信方法的流程示意图；
图5是根据本公开实施例示出的通信方法的流程示意图；
图6是根据本公开实施例示出的通信方法的交互示意图；
图7A是本公开实施例提出的终端的目的基站的结构示意图；
图7B是本公开实施例提出的终端的源基站的结构示意图；
图7C是本公开实施例提出的终端的结构示意图；
图8A是本公开实施例提出的通信设备的结构示意图；
图8B是本公开实施例提出的芯片的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本公开实施例提出了通信方法、目的基站、源基站、终端、装置及存储介质。
第一方面，本公开实施例提出了通信方法，由终端的目的基站执行，方法包括：
接收终端的源基站发送的第一消息，所述第一消息用于请求将终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
根据所述第一消息，确定第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
在上述实施例中，目的基站根据第一消息确定第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示终端执行切换的时刻；这样，终端就可以根据第一指示指示的执行切换的时刻，由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
结合第一方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述第一消息包括第一信息，所述目的基站根据所述第一信息确定所述第一指示；
其中，所述第一信息包括所述源基站指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
在上述实施例中，源基站在第一消息中添加第一信息，所述第一信息为源基站指示终端执行切换的时刻；这样，目的基站就可以将第一信息确定第一指示。
结合第一方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过以下任意一种方式表示：
所述终端延迟执行切换的时长；
无线空中接口的定时关系；
所述终端执行切换的时钟时间。
在上述实施例中，第一指示中通过终端延迟切换的时长、无线空中接口的定时关系和终端执行切换的时刻中的一者指示终端执行切换的时刻；这样，终端根据第一指示指示的终端执行切换的时刻进行切换。
结合第一方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述无线空中接口为所述源基站或所述目的基站的小区的无线空中接口；
所述定时关系为上行定时关系和下行定时关系中的一者。
在上述实施例中，无线空中接口为所述源基站或所述目的基站的小区的无线空中接口，定时关系为上行定时关系和下行定时关系中的一者；这样，就可以确定终端执行切换的时刻所对应的无线空中接口的定时关系。
结合第一方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述源基站或所述目的基站的小区为以下任意一者：
所述源基站的主小区PCell；
所述源基站的主辅小区PSCell；
所述目的基站的主小区PCell；
所述目的基站主辅小区PSCell。
在上述实施例中，根据源基站的主小区、源基站的主辅小区、目的基站的主小区和目的基站的主辅小区中的一者；这样，可以确定终端执行切换的时刻是哪一个小区的无线空中接口的时刻。
结合第一方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述无线空中接口的定时关系包括；
系统帧编号、子帧编号、时隙编号和正交频分复用OFDM符号编号中任意一者。
在上述实施例中，通过系统帧编号、子帧编号、时隙编号和正交频分复用OFDM符号编号中任意一者，确定终端执行切换的时刻；这样，可以通过无线空中接口的定时关系中不同的时间粒度，确定终端执行切换的时刻。
结合第一方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过终端执行切换的系统帧编号表示。
在上述实施例中，终端执行切换的时刻通过终端执行切换的系统帧编号进行表示；这样，终端在对应编号的系统帧开始时执行切换。
结合第一方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过终端执行切换的子帧所在的系统帧的系统帧编号以及所述子帧的子帧编号表示。
在上述实施例中，终端执行切换的时刻通过终端执行切换的子帧所在的系统帧的系统帧编号以及所述子帧的子帧编号进行表示；这样，终端在对应编号的子帧开始时执行切换。
结合第一方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过以下任意一种方式表示：
所述终端执行切换的时隙所在的系统帧的系统帧编号以及所述时隙的时隙编号；
所述终端执行切换的时隙所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述时隙所在的子帧的子帧编号以及所述时隙的时隙编号。
在上述实施例中，终端执行切换的时刻通过终端执行切换的时隙所在的系统帧的系统帧编号以及所述时隙的时隙编号进行表示；或者，通过终端执行切换的时隙所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述时隙所在子帧的子帧编号和所述时隙的时隙编号进行表示；这样，终端在对应编号的时隙开始时执行切换。
结合第一方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过以下任意一种方式表示：
所述终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的子帧的子帧编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号；
所述终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的时隙的时隙编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号；
所述终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的子帧的子帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的时隙的时隙编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号。
在上述实施例中，终端执行切换的时刻通过终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的子帧的子帧编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号进行表示；或者，通过终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的时隙的时隙编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号进行表示；或者，通过终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的子帧的子帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的时 隙的时隙编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号进行表示；这样，终端在对应编号的OFDM符号开始时执行切换。
结合第一方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过GPS标准时钟或者UTC标准时钟进行指示。
在上述实施例中，终端执行切换的时刻通过GPS标准时钟或者UTC标准时钟进行指示；这样，终端执行切换的时刻就和无线空中接口的定时关系无关。
结合第一方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述确定第一指示，之后还包括：
向所述源基站发送第二消息，所述第二消息用于指示所述目的基站接受将终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
其中，所述第二消息包括第三消息，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
所述第二消息或所述第三消息包括所述第一指示。
在上述实施例中，目的基站向源基站发送第二消息，所述第二消息包括第三消息，所述第二消息或第三消息包括第一指示；若第二消息包括第一指示，则源基站可以通过解析第二消息获取第一指示，从而知道终端执行切换的时刻。
第二方面，本公开实施例提出了一种通信方法，由终端的源基站执行，所述方法包括：
接收目的基站发送的第二消息，所述第二消息用于指示所述目的基站接受终端的无线网络连接由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
其中，所述第二消息还包括第三消息，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
所述第二消息或所述第三消息包括第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
在上述实施例中，源基站接收第二消息，所述第二消息包括第三消息，所述第二消息或第三消息包括第一指示；若第二消息包括第一指示，则源基站可以通过解析第二消息获取第一指示，从而知道终端执行切换的时刻。
结合第二方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述接收目的基站发送的第二消息，之前还包括：
确定将所述终端的无线网络连接由所述源小区切换至所述目的小区；
向所述目的基站发送第一消息，所述第一消息用于请求将终端的无线网络连接由所述源小区切换至所述目的小区。
在上述实施例中，源基站确定将终端的接入小区由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区，向目的基站发送第一消息，所述第一消息用于请求将终端的无线网络连接由所述源小区切换至所述目的小区；这样，目的基站就响应源基站发送的第一消息，向源基站发送第二消息，所述第二消息用于指示目的基站接受终端的无线网络连接由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区。
结合第二方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述接受目的基站发送的第二消息，之后还包括：
向所述终端发送所述第二消息；
其中，所述第二消息包括所述第三消息，所述第二消息或所述第三消息包括所述第一指示。
在上述实施例中，源基站向终端发送所述第二消息，其中，所述第二消息包括所述第三消息，所述第二消息或所述第三消息包括所述第一指示；这样，终端就可以根据第一指示指示的切换时刻，将接入小区由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
结合第二方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述向所述终端发送所述第二消息和所述第三消息，之后还包括：
接收所述终端发送的第四消息，所述第四消息用于指示所述终端接收到所述第一指示。
在上述实施例中，接收所述终端发送的第四消息，所述第四消息用于指示所述终端接收到所述第一指示；这样，源基站就知道终端已经成功接收到第一指示。
第三方面，本公开实施例提出了一种通信方法，由终端执行，方法包括：
接收第二设备发送的第三消息和第一指示；或者，
接收所述第二设备发送的所述第三消息，所述第三消息包括所述第一指示；
其中，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区；所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
在上述实施例中，终端接收源基站发送的第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻；这样，终端就可以根据第一指示指示的切换时刻执行切换。
结合第三方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过为以下任意一种方式表示：
所述终端延迟执行切换的时长；
无线空中接口的定时关系；
所述终端执行切换的时钟时间。
在上述实施例中，第一指示中通过终端延迟切换的时长、无线空中接口的定时关系和终端执行切换的时刻中的一者指示终端执行切换的时刻；这样，终端通过第一指示指示的终端执行切换的时刻进行切换。
结合第三方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述无线空中接口为所述源基站或所述目的基站的小区的无线空中接口；
所述定时关系为上行定时关系和下行定时关系中的一者。
在上述实施例中，无线空中接口为所述源基站或所述目的基站的小区的无线空中接口，定时关系为上行定时关系和下行定时关系中的一者；这样，就可以确定终端执行切换的时刻所对应的无线空中接口的定时关系。
结合第三方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述源基站或所述目的基站的小区为以下任意一者：
所述源基站主小区PCell；
所述源基站主辅小区PSCell；
所述目的基站的主小区PCell；
所述目的基站主辅小区PSCell。
在上述实施例中，根据源基站的主小区、源基站的主辅小区、目的基站的主小区和目的基站的主辅小区中的一者；这样，可以确定终端执行切换的时刻是哪一个小区的无线空中接口的时刻。
结合第三方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述无线空中接口的定时关系包括；
系统帧编号、子帧编号、时隙编号和正交频分复用OFDM符号编号中任意一者。
在上述实施例中，通过系统帧编号、子帧编号、时隙编号和正交频分复用OFDM符号编号中任意一者，确定终端执行切换的时刻；这样，可以通过无线空中接口的定时关系中不同的时间粒度，确定终端执行切换的时刻。
结合第三方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过终端执行切换的系统帧编号表示。
在上述实施例中，终端执行切换的时刻通过终端执行切换的系统帧编号进行表示；这样，终端在对应编号的系统帧开始时执行切换。
结合第三方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过终端执行切换的子帧所在的系统帧的系统帧编号以及所述子帧的子帧编号进行表示。
在上述实施例中，终端执行切换的时刻通过终端执行切换的子帧所在的系统帧的系统帧编号以及所述子帧的子帧编号进行表示；这样，终端在对应编号的子帧开始时执行切换。
结合第三方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过以下任意一种方式表示：
所述终端执行切换的时隙所在的系统帧的系统帧编号以及所述时隙的时隙编号；
所述终端执行切换的时隙所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述时隙所在的子帧的子帧编号以及所述时隙的时隙编号。
在上述实施例中，终端执行切换的时刻通过终端执行切换的时隙所在的系统帧编号以及所述时隙的时隙编号进行表示；或者，通过终端执行切换的时隙所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述时隙所在的子帧的子帧编号和所述时隙的时隙编号进行表示；这样，终端在对应编号的时隙开始时执行切换。
结合第三方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过以下任意一种方式表示：
所述终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的子帧的子帧编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符合编号；
所述终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的时隙的时隙编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号；
所述终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的子帧的子帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的时隙的时隙编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号。
在上述实施例中，终端执行切换的时刻通过终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的子帧的子帧编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号进行表示；或者，通过终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的时隙的时隙编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号进行表示；或者，通过终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的子帧的子帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的时隙的时隙编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号进行表示；这样，终端可以在对应编号的OFDM符号开始时执行切换。
结合第三方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过GPS标准时钟或者UTC标准时钟进行指示。
在上述实施例中，终端执行切换的时刻通过GPS标准时钟或者UTC标准时钟进行指示；这样，终端执行切换的时刻就和无线空中接口的定时关系无关。
结合第三方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述接收所述源基站发送的第一指示，之后还包括：
向所述源基站发送第四消息，所述第四消息用于指示所述终端接收到所述第一指示。
在上述实施例中，向所述源基站发送第四消息，所述第四消息用于指示所述终端接收到所述第一指示；这样，源基站就可以确定终端已经接收到第一指示。
结合第三方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述终端在所述第一指示指示的时刻由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区。
在上述实施例中，终端根据第一指示指示的切换时刻由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区。
结合第三方面的一些实施例，在一些实施例中，所述方法之后还包括：
向所述目的基站发送第五消息，所述第五消息用于指示所述终端已经由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区。
在上述实施例中，终端执行切换后，向目的基站发送第五消息，所述第五消息用于指示所述终端已经由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；这样，目的基站就可以知道终端已经完成切换。
第四方面，本公开实施例提出了一种终端的目的基站，包括：
接收模块，用于接收终端的源基站发送的第一消息，所述第一消息用于请求将终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
处理模块，用于根据所述第一消息，确定第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
第五方面，本公开实施例提出了一种终端的源基站，包括：
接收模块，用于接收目的基站发送的第二消息，所述第二消息用于指示所述目的基站接受终端的无线网络连接由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
其中，所述第二消息还包括第三消息，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
所述第二消息或所述第三消息包括第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
第六方面，本公开实施例提出了一种终端，包括：
接收模块，用于接收第二设备发送的第三消息和第一指示；或者，
接收所述第二设备发送的所述第三消息，所述第三消息包括所述第一指示；
其中，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区；所述第一指 示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
第七方面，本公开实施例提出了一种终端的目的基站，包括：
一个或多个处理器；
其中，所述终端的目的基站用于执行本公开实施例中第一方面中任一项所述的通信方法。
第八方面，本公开实施例提出了一种终端的源基站，包括：
一个或多个处理器；
其中，所述终端的源基站用于执行本公开实施例中第二方面中任一项所述的通信方法。
第九方面，本公开实施例提出了一种终端，包括：
一个或多个处理器；
其中，所述终端用于执行本公开实施例中第三方面中任一项所述的通信方法。
第十方面，本公开实施例提出了一种通信系统，包括终端的目的基站、终端的源基站、终端；其中，终端的目的基站被配置为实现本公开实施例第一方面中任一项的通信方法；终端的源基站被配置为实现本公开实施例第二方面中任一项的通信方法；终端被配置为实现本公开实施例第三方面中任一项的通信方法。
第十一方面，本公开实施例提出了一种存储介质，当指令在通信设备上运行时，使得通信设备执行本公开实施例中任一项的通信方法。
第十二方面，本公开实施例提出了程序产品，上述程序产品被通信设备执行时，使得上述通信设备执行如第一方面、第二方面、第三方面的可选实现方式所描述的方法。
第十三方面，本公开实施例提出了计算机程序，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第一方面、第二方面、第三方面的可选实现方式所描述的方法。
第十四方面，本公开实施例提供了一种芯片或芯片系统。该芯片或芯片系统包括处理电路，被配置为执行根据上述第一方面、第二方面、第三方面的可选实现方式所描述的方法。
可以理解地，上述终端的目的基站、终端的源基站、终端、通信系统、存储介质、程序产品、计算机程序、芯片或芯片系统均用于执行本公开实施例所提出的方法。因此，其所能达到的有益效果可以参考对应方法中的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
本公开实施例提出了通信方法、目的基站、源基站、终端、装置及存储介质。在一些实施例中，通信方法与信号发送方法、无线帧发送方法等术语可以相互替换，信息处理系统、通信系统等术语可以相互替换。
本公开实施例并非穷举，仅为部分实施例的示意，不作为对本公开保护范围的具体限制。在不矛盾的情况下，某一实施例中的每个步骤均可以作为独立实施例来实施，且各步骤之间可以任意组合，例如，在某一实施例中去除部分步骤后的方案也可以作为独立实施例来实施，且在某一实施例中各步骤的顺序可以任意交换，另外，某一实施例中的可选实现方式可以任意组合；此外，各实施例之间可以任意组合，例如，不同实施例的部分或全部步骤可以任意组合，某一实施例可以与其他实施例的可选实现方式任意组合。
在各本公开实施例中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，各实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性，且可以互相引用，不同实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
本公开实施例中所使用的术语只是为了描述特定实施例的目的，而并非作为对本公开的限制。
在本公开实施例中，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。
在一些实施例中，“至少一者(至少一项、一个或多个)(at least one of)”、“一个或多个(one or more)”、“多个(a plurality of)”、“多个(multiple)等术语可以相互替换。
在一些实施例中，“A、B中的至少一者”、“A和/或B”、“在一情况下A，在另一情况下B”、“响应于一情况A，响应于另一情况B”等记载方式，根据情况可以包括以下技术方案：在一些实施例中A(与B无关地执行A)；在一些实施例中B(与A无关地执行B)；在一些实施例中从A和B中选择执行(A和B被选择性执行)；在一些实施例中A和B(A和B都被执行)。当有A、B、C等更多分支时也类似上述。
在一些实施例中，“A或B”等记载方式，根据情况可以包括以下技术方案：在一些实施例中A(与B无关地执行A)；在一些实施例中B(与A无关地执行B)；在一些实施例中从A和B中选择执行(A和B被选择性执行)。当有A、B、C等更多分支时也类似上述。
本公开实施例中的“第一”、“第二”等前缀词，仅仅为了区分不同的描述对象，不对描述对象的位置、顺序、优先级、数量或内容等构成限制，对描述对象的陈述参见权利要求或实施例中上下文的 描述，不应因为使用前缀词而构成多余的限制。例如，描述对象为“字段”，则“第一字段”和“第二字段”中“字段”之前的序数词并不限制“字段”之间的位置或顺序，“第一”和“第二”并不限制其修饰的“字段”是否在同一个消息中，也不限制“第一字段”和“第二字段”的先后顺序。再如，描述对象为“等级”，则“第一等级”和“第二等级”中“等级”之前的序数词并不限制“等级”之间的优先级。再如，描述对象的数量并不受序数词的限制，可以是一个或者多个，以“第一装置”为例，其中“装置”的数量可以是一个或者多个。此外，不同前缀词修饰的对象可以相同或不同，例如，描述对象为“装置”，则“第一装置”和“第二装置”可以是相同的装置或者不同的装置，其类型可以相同或不同；再如，描述对象为“信息”，则“第一信息”和“第二信息”可以是相同的信息或者不同的信息，其内容可以相同或不同。
在一些实施例中，“包括A”、“包含A”、“用于指示A”、“携带A”，可以解释为直接携带A，也可以解释为间接指示A。
在一些实施例中，“响应于……”、“响应于确定……”、“在……的情况下”、“在……时”、“当……时”、“若……”、“如果……”等术语可以相互替换。
在一些实施例中，“大于”、“小于或等于”、“不小于”、“多于”、“多于或等于”、“不少于”、“高于”、“高于或等于”、“不低于”、“以上”等术语可以相互替换，“小于”、“小于或等于”、“不大于”、“少于”、“少于或等于”、“不多于”、“低于”、“低于或等于”、“不高于”、“以下”等术语可以相互替换。
在一些实施例中，装置和设备可以解释为实体的、也可以解释为虚拟的，其名称不限定于实施例中所记载的名称，在一些情况下也可以被理解为“设备(equipment)”、“设备(device)”、“电路”、“设备”、“节点”、“功能”、“单元”、“部件(section)”、“系统”、“网络”、“芯片”、“芯片系统”、“实体”、“主体”等。
在一些实施例中，“接入网设备(access network device，AN device)”、“无线接入网设备(radio
access network device，RAN device)”、“基站(base station，BS)”、“无线基站(radio base station)”、“固定台(fixed station)”、“节点(node)”、“接入点(access point)”、“发送点(transmission point，TP)”、“接收点(reception point，RP)”、“发送接收点(transmission/reception point，TRP)”、“面板(panel)”、“天线面板(antenna panel)”、“天线阵列(antenna array)”、“小区(cell)”、“宏小区(macro cell)”、“小型小区(small cell)”、“毫微微小区(femto cell)”、“微微小区(pico cell)”、“扇区(sector)”、“小区组(cell group)”、“载波(carrier)”、“分量载波(component carrier)”、“带宽部分(bandwidth part，BWP)”等术语可以相互替换。
在一些实施例中，设备可以指地面上的设备，例如地面上的接入网设备和/或核心网设备；还可以指卫星上的设备，例如卫星上的接入网设备和/或核心网设备；本公开实施例不限定设备是地面上的设备还是卫星上的设备，也不限定设备是指接入网设备还是指核心网设备。
在一些实施例中，“终端(terminal)”、“终端设备(terminal device)”、“用户设备(user equipment，终端)”、“用户终端(user terminal)”、“移动台(mobile station，MS)”、“移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)”、订户站(subscriber station)、移动单元(mobile unit)、订户单元(subscriber unit)、无线单元(wireless unit)、远程单元(remote unit)、移动设备(mobile device)、无线设备(wireless device)、无线通信设备(wireless communication device)、远程设备(remote device)、移动订户站(mobile subscriber station)、接入终端(access terminal)、移动终端(mobile terminal)、无线终端(wireless terminal)、远程终端(remote terminal)、手持设备(handset)、用户代理(user agent)、移动客户端(mobile client)、客户端(client)等术语可以相互替换。
在一些实施例中，设备可以指地面上的设备，例如地面上的接入网设备和/或核心网设备；还可以指卫星上的设备，例如卫星上的接入网设备和/或核心网设备；本公开实施例不限定设备是地面上的设备还是卫星上的设备，也不限定设备是指接入网设备还是指核心网设备。
在一些实施例中，接入网设备、核心网设备、或网络设备可以被替换为终端。例如，针对将接入网设备、核心网设备、或网络设备以及终端间的通信置换为多个终端间的通信(例如，也可以被称为设备对设备(device-to-device，D2D)、车联网(vehicle-to-everything，V2X)等)的结构，也可以应用本公开的各实施例。在该情况下，也可以设为终端具有接入网设备所具有的全部或部分功能的结构。此外，“上行”、“下行”等语言也可以被替换为与终端间通信对应的语言(例如，“侧行(side)”)。例如，上行信道、下行信道等可以被替换为侧行信道，上行链路、下行链路等可以被替换为侧行链路。
在一些实施例中，终端可以被替换为接入网设备、核心网设备、或网络设备。在该情况下，也可以设为接入网设备、核心网设备、或网络设备具有终端所具有的全部或部分功能的结构。
在一些实施例中，“上行”、“上行链路”、“物理上行链路”等术语可以相互替换，“下行”、“下行链路”、“物理下行链路”等术语可以相互替换，“侧行(side)”、“侧行链路(sidelink)”、“侧行通信”、“侧行链路通信”、“直连”、“直连链路”、“直连通信”、“直连链路通信”等术语可以相互替换。
在一些实施例中，“下行链路控制信息(downlink control information，DCI)”、“下行链路(downlink，DL)分配(assignment)”、“DL DCI”、“上行链路(uplink，UL)许可(grant)”、“UL DCI”等术语可以相互替换。
在一些实施例中，“物理下行链路共享信道(physical downlink shared channel，PDSCH)”、“DL数据”等术语可以相互替换，“物理上行链路共享信道(physical uplink shared channel，PUSCH)”、“UL数据”等术语可以相互替换。
在一些实施例中，“获取”、“获得”、“得到”、“接收”、“传输”、“双向传输”、“发送和/或接收”可以相互替换，其可以解释为从其他主体接收，从协议中获取，自身处理得到、自主实现等多种含义。
在一些实施例中，“发送”、“发射”、“上报”、“下发”、“传输”、“双向传输”、“发送和/或接收”等术语可以相互替换。
在一些实施例中，“预定”、“预设”可以解释为在协议等中预先规定，也可以解释为装置等进行预先设定动作。
在一些实施例中，获取数据、信息等可以遵照所在地国家的法律法规。
在一些实施例中，可以在得到用户同意后获取数据、信息等。
此外，本公开实施例的表格中的每一元素、每一行、或每一列均可以作为独立实施例来实施，任意元素、任意行、任意列的组合也可以作为独立实施例来实施。
图1A是根据本公开实施例示出的通信系统的架构的一个示例性示意图。如图1A所示，通信系统100包括终端的目的基站101、终端的源基站102、终端103。
在一些实施例中，终端例如包括手机(mobile phone)、可穿戴设备、物联网设备、具备通信功能的汽车、智能汽车、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端设备、无人驾驶(self-driving)中的无线终端设备、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端设备、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端设备、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端设备、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端设备、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端设备中的至少一者，但不限于此。可以理解的是，本公开实施例描述的通信系统是为了更加清楚的说明本公开实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本公开实施例提出的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着系统架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本公开实施例提出的技术方案对于类似的技术问题同样适用。下述本公开实施例可以应用于图1A所示的通信系统100、或部分主体，但不限于此。图1A所示的各主体是例示，通信系统可以包括图1A中的全部或部分主体，也可以包括图1A以外的其他主体，各主体数量和形态为任意，各主体之间的连接关系是例示，各主体之间可以不连接也可以连接，其连接可以是任意方式，可以是直接连接也可以是间接连接，可以是有线连接也可以是无线连接。
本公开各实施例可以应用于长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)、LTE-Advanced(LTE-A)、LTE-Beyond(LTE-B)、SUPER 3G、IMT-Advanced、第四代移动通信系统(4th generation mobile communication system，4G)、第五代移动通信系统(5th generation mobile communication system，5G)、增强版第五代移动通信系统(5th generation mobile communication system-Advanced，5G-Advanced)、第六代移动通信系统(6th generation mobile communication system，6G)、5G新空口(new radio，NR)、未来无线接入(Future Radio Access，FRA)、新无线接入技术(New-Radio Access Technology，RAT)、新无线(New Radio，NR)、新无线接入(New radio access，NX)、未来一代无线接入(Future generation radio access，FX)、Global System for Mobile communications(GSM(注册商标))、CDMA2000、超移动宽带(Ultra Mobile Broadband，UMB)、IEEE 802.11(Wi-Fi(注册商标))、IEEE 802.16(WiMAX(注册商标))、IEEE 802.20、超宽带(Ultra-WideBand，UWB)、蓝牙(Bluetooth(注册商标))、陆上公用移动通信网(Public Land Mobile Network，PLMN)网络、设备到设备(Device-to-Device，D2D)系统、机器到机器(Machine to Machine，M2M)系统、物联网(Internet of Things，IoT)系统、车联网(Vehicle-to-Everything，V2X)、利用其他通信方法的系统、基于它们而扩展的下一代系统等。此外，也可以将多个系统组合(例如，LTE或者LTE-A与5G的组合等)应用。
在一些实施例中，机器学习算法是目前人工智能技术最重要的实现方法之一。机器学习可以通过大量的训练数据获得模型，通过模型可以对事件进行预测。在很多领域，机器学习训练得到的模型都可以获得非常精准的预测结果。
在一些实施例中，5G系统中可以使用AI进行预测和推理，提升系统的性能。例如在3GPP Rel-19中，研究用AI来预测小区级别(cell-level)和波束级别(beam-level)的测量结果，以及预测测量事件。
在一些实施例中，5G无线空中接口中下行链路和上行链路传输被组织为10ms持续时间的帧(frame)，每帧由10个1ms的子帧(subframe)组成。每帧由系统帧号(System Frame Number,SFN)标识，取值为0到1023，然后再回到0开始循环。SFN的6个最高有效位(Most Significant Bits，MSB)在主信息块(Master Information Block，MIB)中传输，4个最低有效位(Least Significant Bits，LSB)通过物理基础信道(Physical Broadcast Channel，PBCH)的信道编码指示。子帧编号为从0到9。时隙(slot)持续时间是具有常规循环前缀(Cyclic,Prefix,CP)的14个符号和具有扩展CP的12个符号，随时间而变化，是子载波间隔(subcarrier spacing)的一个函数。当子载波间隔为15kHz时，1个子帧内有1个时隙，1帧内有10个时隙，在帧内的编号为0到9。当子载波间隔为30kHz时，1个子帧内有2个时隙，在子帧内的编号为0和1，1帧内有20个时隙，在帧内的编号为0到19。当子载波间隔为60kHz时，1个子帧内有4个时隙，在子帧内的编号为0到3，1帧内有40个时隙，在帧内的编号为0到39。子载波间隔为120kHz,240kHz,480kHz和960kHz的情况依此类推。
图1B是根据本公开实施例示出的终端从源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区的一个示例性示意图。如图1B所示：
步骤1中，终端从源基站向目的基站移动，源基站决定发起切换,将终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区，源基站通过Xn接口向目的基站发送切换请求消息HANDOVER REQUEST。
步骤2中，目的基站接收到切换请求消息后，对终端进行准入控制，决定接受终端切换至目的终端的小区。
步骤3中，目的基站向源基站发送切换请求确认消息HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE；需要说明的是，切换请求确认消息中包括无线资源控制重配置消息RRCReconfiguration，所述无线资源控制重配置消息包括所述终端的切换信息。
步骤4中，源基站向终端发送RRCReconfiguration消息，所述RRCReconfiguration消息包括终端的切换信息。
步骤5中，终端接收到RRCReconfiguration消息后，获取所述RRCReconfiguration消息包括的切换信息，根据所述切换信息立即由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
步骤6中，终端切换至目的基站的目的小区后，向目的基站发送无线资源控制重配置完成消息RRCReconfigurationComplete作为应答。
在上述实施例中，当终端接收到包含切换信息的RRCReconfiguration消息后，终端会立即按照收到的RRCReconfiguration消息包含的切换信息执行相应的切换流程。但是，目的基站很难选择发送包含切换信息的RRCReconfiguration消息的合适时机。如果目的基站发送包含切换信息的RRC Reconfiguration消息过早，那么终端与目的基站间的无线信道的质量可能较差，从而导致切换失败。如果目的基站发送包含切换信息的RRCReconfiguration消息过晚，那么终端与源基站间的无线信道的质量可能较差，导致源基站无法将包含切换信息的RRCReconfiguration消息成功地发送给终端，使得终端无法执行切换操作；同时，由于终端与源基站间的无线信道的质量差，还会导致无线链路故障(Radio Link Failure,RLF)。
图2是根据本公开实施例示出的通信方法的交互示意图。如图2所示，本公开实施例涉及一种通信方法，用于通信系统100，上述方法包括：
步骤S2101，源基站向目的基站发送第一消息。
在一些实施例中，终端和源基站的源小区具有无线网络连接。终端从源基站向目的基站移动的过程中，向源基站发送测量报告Measurement Report，测量报告包括但不限于：源小区的信号强度、源小区的相邻小区的信号强度和PCI信息。
在一些实施例中，源基站基于终端发送的测量报告和其他信息(例如，源小区的负载、终端移动性限制和无线能力)，决定切换终端的接入小区。源基站通过Xn接口向目的基站发送第一消息，第一消息用于请求将终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
可选地，第一消息可以是Xn消息，例如：切换请求确认消息HANDOVER REQUEST；也可以是 设备厂商或者设备运营商自定义的消息。本申请实施例不对第一消息的具体类型进行限定。
在一些可选的实施例中，第一消息包括第一信息，第一信息为源基站指示终端执行切换的时刻。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，源基站和目的基站包括但不限于：4G基站，5G基站，6G基站；本申请实施例不对源基站或目的基站的类型进行限定。
步骤S2102，目的基站确定终端执行切换的时刻。
在一些实施例中，目的基站响应于第一消息，确定第一指示，第一指示用于指示终端执行切换的时刻。
在一些实施例中，若第一消息包括第一信息，则目的基站将第一信息作为确定第一指示的辅助信息。
可选地，目的基站可以根据第一信息包括的源基站指示终端执行切换的时刻确定第一指示。
在一些实施例中，第一指示包括终端延迟执行切换的时长，用于指示终端接收到第一指示后，等待延迟执行切换的时长再执行切换。
在一些实施例中，可以在3GPP TS 38.331的RRCReconfiguration消息中添加延迟时长reconfigDelay-r19，其中，reconfigDelay的后缀r19表示在3GPP Rel-19引入；该延迟时长也可能在3GPP的其他Release被引入，那么后缀就会有相应的变化，例如：当在Rel-20引入时，后缀为r20，即reconfigDelay-r20。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，终端执行切换的延迟时长不是固定值，可以由设备厂商或者设备运营商进行设置，例如：可以是5ms，10ms，15ms，20ms，30ms等，本申请实施例不对终端延迟切换的时长进行限定。
在一些实施例中，可以在3GPP TS 38.331的5.3.5.3节中添加对终端行为的描述。例如：终端应在接收到RRCReconfiguration或在执行条件重新配置(CHO、CPA或CPC)时执行以下动作：
如果在计时器T311运行时，由于在选择小区时执行条件重新配置而应用RRCReconfiguration，如5.3.7.3节中的定义，就删除MCG和SCG VarConditionalReconfig中的所有条目。
如果RRCReconfiguration包括reconfigDelay，就重新配置延迟后执行以下操作，包括：
如果RRCReconfiguration包括daps-SourceRelease，就重置源MAC并释放源MAC配置；
其中，对于每个DAPS承载，还包括：
释放TS 38.322[4]第5.1.3条中规定的RLC实体和源SpCell的相关逻辑信道；
如TS 38.323[5]所规定的，重新配置PDCP实体以释放DAPS。
需要说明的是，上述实施例中“如果RRCReconfiguration包括reconfigDelay，重新配置延迟后执行以下操作”为本公开实施例在3GPP TS 38.331的5.3.5.3节中新增加的内容。
在一些实施例中，第一指示包括终端执行切换的时刻，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过GPS标准时钟或者UTC标准时钟进行指示。可以理解为，第一指示包括的终端执行切换的时刻采用的是标准时间。例如：GPS标准时钟指示的时间，或者UTC标准时钟指示的时间。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，具体使用GPS标准时钟指示的时间，还是使用UTC标准时钟指示的时间可以由设备厂商或者设备运营商进行设置，本申请实施例不进行限定。
在一些实施例中，第一指示包括无线空中接口的定时关系，无线空中接口为源基站或目的基站的小区的无线空中接口；定时关系为上行定时关系和下行定时关系中的一者。
在一些实施例中，终端在源基站可能与多个小区通信，也可能在切换后在目的基站与多个小区通信。每个小区的无线空中接口的定时关系可能不同。因此，需要目的基站指示的切换时间是具体哪一个服务小区的切换时间。例如：源基站或主节点(Master Node，MN)中的PCell，源次节点(Secondary Node，SN)的PSCell，目的基站的PCell,目的次节点(Secondary Node，SN)中的PSCell等。
在一些实施例中，无线空中接口的定时关系包括：系统帧编号、子帧编号、时隙编号和正交频分复用OFDM符号编号中任意一者。可以理解为，终端执行切换的时刻可以通过系统帧编号、子帧编号、时隙编号和正交频分复用OFDM符号编号中的至少一者进行表示。
在一些实施例中，无线空中接口的定时关系为：终端执行切换所在的系统帧的系统帧编号。
在一些实施例中，无线空中接口的定时关系为：终端执行切换的子帧所在的系统帧的系统帧编号以及子帧的子帧编号。
在一些实施例中，无线空中接口的定时关系为以下任意一者：
终端执行切换的时隙所在的系统帧的系统帧编号以及时隙的时隙编号；
终端执行切换的时隙所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、时隙所在的子帧的子帧编号以及时隙的时隙编号。
在一些实施例中，无线空中接口的定时关系为以下任意一者：
终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、OFDM符号所在的子帧的子帧编号以及OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号；
终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、OFDM符号所在的时隙的时隙编号以及OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号；
终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、OFDM符号所在的子帧的子帧编号、OFDM符号所在的时隙的时隙编号以及OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号。
在一些实施例中，第一指示包括终端执行切换的时刻和无线空中接口的定时关系时，可以使用选择结构来选择一种方法。例如：可以使用referenceSFN-AndSlot来指示SFN的系统帧编号和在系统帧内的时隙编号；可以使用referenceTime来指示GPS时间。在本实施例中，无线空中接口的定时关系采用当前PCell的下行定时关系。
在一些实施例中，RRCReconfiguration消息包括reconfigTime，reconfigTime用于指示终端执行切换的时刻。如果reconfigTime表示为referenceTime，那么reconfigTime用于指示以10ns为时间单位的条件下距离GPS原点时间的时刻，其中，referenceTime的计算公式为：refDays*86400*1000*100000+refSeconds*1000*100000+refMilliSeconds*100000+refTenNanoSeconds。
需要说明的是，refDays字段指定从GPS原点时间，也就是公历日期1980年1月6日00:00:00开始的连续天数；refSeconds字段指定不满一天的秒数；refMilliSeconds字段指定不满一秒的毫秒数；refTenNanoSeconds字段指定不满一毫秒的情况下以10ns为时间单元的数量。如果reconfigTime指示为referenceSFN-AndSlot，则表示该编号为服务PCell的最近的系统帧和时隙的下行时间。
在一些实施例中，可以在3GPP TS 38.331的5.3.5.3节中新添加的对UE行为的描述，终端应在接收到RRCReconfiguration时或在执行条件重新配置(CHO、CPA或CPC)时执行以下动作：
如果在计时器T311运行时，由于在选择小区时执行条件重新配置而应用RRCReconfiguration，如5.3.7.3节中的定义，就删除MCG和SCG VarConditionalReconfig中的所有条目。
如果RRCReconfiguration包括reconfigTime，就在reconfigTime执行以下操作，包括：
如果RRCReconfiguration包括daps-SourceRelease，就重置源MAC并释放源MAC配置；
其中，对于每个DAPS承载，还包括：
释放TS 38.322[4]第5.1.3条中规定的RLC实体和源SpCell的相关逻辑信道；
如TS 38.323[5]所规定的，重新配置PDCP实体以释放DAPS。
需要说明的是，上述实施例中“如果RRCReconfiguration包括reconfigTime：在reconfigTime执行以下操作”为本公开实施例在3GPP TS 38.331的5.3.5.3节中新增加的内容。
例如：无线空中接口的定时关系为源基站中PCell的上行定时关系，目的基站确定第一指示时，源基站中PCell的上行定时关系下系统帧的编号为100。
若第一指示包括系统帧编号900，则第一指示用于指示终端在系统帧编号为900的系统帧开始时执行切换。
若第一指示包括系统帧编号900和子帧编号10，则第一指示用于指示终端在编号为900的系统帧内第10个子帧时开始时执行切换。
若第一指示包括系统帧编号900、子帧编号10和时隙编号2，则第一指示用于指示终端在编号900的系统帧内的第10个子帧的第二个时隙开始时执行切换。
若第一指示包括系统帧编号900、子帧编号10和OFDM符号编号2，则第一指示用于指示终端在编号900的系统帧内的第10个子帧的第二个OFDM符号开始时执行切换。
在本申请实施例中，5G无线空中接口中下行链路和上行链路传输被组织为10ms持续时间的帧(frame)，每帧由10个1ms的子帧(subframe)组成。每帧由系统帧编号(System Frame Number,SFN)进行标识，其中，系统帧编号的取值范围为0到1023；可以理解为，系统帧编号从0递增到1023，然后再回到0开始循环。如果当前无线空中接口的定时关系对应的系统帧编号为900，而第一指示包括的无线空中接口的定时关系为系统帧编号100，那么终端在下一轮第100个系统帧开始时执行切换。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，源基站或目的基站不同小区的定时关系可以相同，也可以不相同；因而，需要目的基站指定无线空中接口的定时关系是哪一个小区的定时关系。例如：如果是使用源基站中的PCell的定时关系，那么目的基站或者目的次节点(Secondary Node，SN)需要根据源基站的PCell的定 时关系来计算如何指示终端的切换时刻。如果是使用源SN中的PSCell的定时关系，那么目的SN需要根据源SN中PSCell的定时关系来计算如何指示终端的切换时刻。
步骤S2103，目的基站向源基站发送终端执行切换的时刻。
在一些实施例中，当目的基站确定第一指示后，向源基站发送第二消息，第二消息用于指示目的基站接受将终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区；其中，第二消息包括第三消息，第三消息用于指示终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
在一些实施例中，第二消息或第三消息包括第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示终端执行切换的时刻。
在一些可选的实施例中，第三消息还包括切换信息，切换信息包括但不限于目的小区的标识和频点信息。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，第二消息可以是Xn消息，例如：切换请求确认信息HANDOVER REQUEST ACKNOWLEDGE；也可以是设备厂商或者设备运营商自定义的消息。本申请实施例不对第二消息的具体类型进行限定。
可选地，第三消息可以是RRC消息，例如：无线资源控制重配置消息RRCReconfiguration；也可以是设备厂商或者设备运营商自定义的消息。本申请实施例不对第三消息的具体类型进行限定。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，源基站通常只会解析第二消息，而不会解析第二消息包括的第三消息。因此，当第二消息包括第三消息和和第一指示时，源基站解析第二消息获取第一指示，从而，知道了终端执行切换的时刻；当终端执行切换后，源基站就不会再向终端发送数据或者信令，避免了资源的浪费。
步骤S2104，源基站向终端发送终端执行切换的时刻。
在一些实施例中，源基站接收第二消息，第二消息用于指示目的基站接受将终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
在一些可选的实施例中，若第二消息包括第三消息和第一指示，则源基站向终端发送第三消息和第一指示。
在一些可选的实施例中，若第三消息包括第一指示，则源基站向终端发送第三消息，第三消息包括第一指示。
在一些可选地实施例中，源基站接收终端发送的第四消息，第四消息用于指示终端已经接收到第一指示。
需要说明的，本申请实施例中，第四消息可以是RRC消息；也可以是设备厂商或者设备运营商自定义的消息。本申请实施例不对第四消息的具体类型进行限定。
步骤S2105，终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
在一些可选的实施例中，终端接收到第一指示后，向源基站发送第四消息，第四消息用于指示终端已经接收到第一指示。
在一些实施例中，终端根据第三消息包含的切换信息，以及第一指示指示的终端执行切换的时刻，由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
在一些实施例中，当终端切换完成后，向目的基站发送第五消息，第五消息用于指示终端已经由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
可选地，第五消息可以是RRC消息，例如：无线资源控制重配置完成消息RRCReconfigurationComplete；也可以是设备厂商或者设备运营商自定义的消息。本申请实施例不对第五消息的具体类型进行限定。
在一些实施例中，可参见图2所对应的说明书之前或之后记载的其他可选实现方式。
图3是根据本公开实施例示出的通信方法的流程示意图。如图3所示，本公开实施例涉及终端的目的基站101，上述方法包括：
步骤S3101，接收源基站发送的第一消息。
步骤S3101可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤2102的可选实现方式、及图2所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，源基站通过Xn接口向目的基站发送第一消息，第一消息用于请求将终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
在一些可选的实施例中，第一消息包括第一信息，第一信息为源基站指示终端执行切换的时刻。
步骤S3102、确定终端执行切换的时刻。
步骤S3102的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2102的可选实现方式、及图2所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，目的基站响应于第一消息，确定第一指示，第一指示用于指示终端执行切换的时刻。
在一些实施例中，若第一消息包括第一信息，则目的基站将第一信息作为确定第一指示的辅助信息。
可选地，目的基站可以根据第一信息包括的源基站指示终端执行切换的时刻确定第一指示。在一些实施例中，若第一消息不包括源基站指示终端执行切换的时刻，则根据以下任意一种方式确定终端执行切换的时刻，包括：
终端延迟执行切换的时长；
无线空中接口的定时关系；
终端执行切换的时刻。
在一些实施例中，无线空中接口的定时关系包括：系统帧编号、子帧编号、时隙编号和正交频分复用OFDM符号编号中任意一者。可以理解为，终端执行切换的时刻可以通过系统帧编号、子帧编号、时隙编号和正交频分复用OFDM符号编号中的至少一者进行表示。
步骤S3103、向源基站发送终端执行切换的时刻。
步骤S3103的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2103的可选实现方式、及图2所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，当目的基站确定第一指示后，向源基站发送第二消息，第二消息用于指示目的基站接受将终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区；其中，第二消息包括第三消息，第三消息用于指示终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区；第二消息或第三消息包括第一指示
在一些可选地实施例中，第三消息还包括切换信息，切换信息包括但不限于目的小区的标识和频点信息。
步骤S3104、接收终端发送的第五消息。
步骤S3104的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2105的可选实现方式、及图2所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，接收终端发送的第五消息，第五消息用于指示终端已经由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
图4是根据本公开实施例示出的通信方法的流程示意图。如图4所示，本公开实施例涉及终端的源基站102，上述方法包括：
步骤S4101，向目的基站发送第一消息。
步骤S4101的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2101的可选实现方式、及图2所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，源基站通过Xn接口向目的基站发送第一消息，第一消息用于请求将终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
在一些可选的实施例中，第一消息包括第一信息，第一信息为源基站指示终端执行切换的时刻。
步骤S4102，接收目的基站发送的终端执行切换的时刻。
步骤S4102的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2103的可选实现方式、及图2所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，接收目的基站发送的第二消息，第二消息用于指示目的基站接受将终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区；其中，第二消息包括第三消息，第三消息用于指示终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
在一些实施例中，第二消息或第三消息包括第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示终端执行切换的时刻。
在一些可选地实施例中，第三消息还包括切换信息，切换信息包括但不限于目的小区的标识和频点信息。
步骤S4103，向终端发送终端执行切换的时刻。
步骤S4103的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2104的可选实现方式、及图2所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些可选的实施例中，若第二消息包括第三消息和第一指示，则源基站向终端发送第三消息和第一指示。
在一些可选的实施例中，若第三消息包括第一指示，则源基站向终端发送第三消息。
在一些实施例中，第一指示用于指示终端执行切换的时刻。
步骤S4104，接收终端发送的第四消息。
步骤S4104的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2105的可选实现方式、及图2所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些可选地实施例中，源基站接收终端发送的第四消息，第四消息用于指示终端已经接收到第一指示。
需要说明的，本申请实施例中，步骤S4104为可选的步骤。
图5是根据本公开实施例示出的通信方法的流程示意图。如图5所示，本公开实施例涉及终端103，上述方法包括：
步骤S5101，接收源基站发送的终端执行切换的时刻。
步骤S5101的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2104的可选实现方式、及图2所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些可选的实施例中，终端接收源基站发送的第三消息和第一指示。
在一些可选的实施例中，终端接收源基站发送的第三消息，第三消息包括第一指示。
在本申请实施例中，第一指示用于指示终端执行切换的时刻。
步骤S5102，向源基站发送第四消息。
步骤S5102的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2105的可选实现方式、及图2所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些可选地实施例中，终端接收到第一指示后，向源基站发送第四消息，第四消息用于指示终端已经接收到第一指示。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，步骤S5102为可选的步骤。
步骤S5103，终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
步骤S5103的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2105的可选实现方式、及图2所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，终端根据第三消息包含的切换信息，以及第一指示指示的终端执行切换的时刻，由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
步骤S5104，向目的基站发送第五消息。
步骤S5104的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2105的可选实现方式、及图2所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，当终端切换完成后，向目的基站发送第五消息，第五消息用于指示终端已经由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
图6是根据本公开实施例示出的通信方法的交互示意图。如图6所示，本公开实施例涉及一种通信方法，用于通信系统100，上述方法包括：
步骤S6101，源基站向目的基站发送第一消息。
步骤S6101的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2101、图3的步骤S3101、图4的步骤S4101的可选实现方式、及图2、图3、图4所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，源基站通过Xn接口向目的基站发送第一消息，第一消息用于请求将终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
在一些可选的实施例中，第一消息包括第一信息，第一信息为源基站指示终端执行切换的时刻。
步骤S6102，目的基站确定终端执行切换的时刻。
步骤S6102的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2101、图3的步骤S3102及图2、图3所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，目的基站响应于第一消息，确定第一指示，第一指示用于指示终端执行切换的时刻。
在一些实施例中，若第一消息包括第一信息，则目的基站将第一信息作为确定第一指示的辅助信息。
可选地，目的基站可以根据第一信息包括的源基站指示终端执行切换的时刻确定第一指示。
在一些实施例中，若第一消息不包括源基站指示终端执行切换的时刻，则根据以下任意一种方式确定终端执行切换的时刻，包括：
终端延迟执行切换的时长；
无线空中接口的定时关系；
终端执行切换的时刻。
步骤S6103，目的基站向源基站发送终端执行切换的时刻。
步骤S6103的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2102、图3的步骤S3103、图4的步骤S4102的可选实现方式、及图2、图3、图4所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，当目的基站确定第一指示后，向源基站发送第二消息，第二消息用于指示目的基站接受将终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区；其中，第二消息包括第三消息，第三消息用于指示终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
在一些实施例中，第二消息或第三消息包括第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示终端执行切换的时刻。
在一些可选地实施例中，第三消息还包括切换信息，切换信息包括但不限于目的小区的标识和频点信息。
步骤S6104，源基站向终端发送终端执行切换的时刻。
步骤S6104的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2103、图4的步骤S4103、图5的步骤S5101的可选实现方式、及图2、图4、图5所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些可选的实施例中，若第二消息包括第三消息和第一指示，则源基站向终端发送第三消息和第一指示。
在一些可选的实施例中，若第三消息包括第一指示，则源基站向终端发送第三消息。
在一些实施例中，第一指示用于指示终端执行切换的时刻。
步骤S6105，终端向源基站发送第四消息。
步骤S6105的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2104、图4的步骤S4104、图5的步骤S5102、的可选实现方式、及图2、图4、图5所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些可选地实施例中，终端接收到第一指示后，向源基站发送第四消息，第四消息用于指示终端已经接收到第一指示。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中步骤S6105为可选的步骤。
步骤S6106，终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
步骤S6106的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2105、图5的步骤S5103的可选实现方式、及图2、图5所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，终端根据第三消息包含的切换信息，以及第一指示指示的执行切换的时刻，释放与源基站的源小区的无线网络连接，与目的基站的目的小区建立无线网络连接。
步骤S6107，终端向目的基站发送第五消息。
步骤S6107的可选实现方式可以参见图2的步骤S2105、图3的步骤S3104、图5的步骤S5104的可选实现方式、及图2、图3、图5所涉及的实施例中其他关联部分，此处不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，当终端切换完成后，向目的基站发送第五消息，第五消息用于指示终端已经由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区。
本公开实施例还提出用于实现以上任一方法的装置，例如，提出一装置，上述装置包括用以实现以上任一方法中终端的目的基站101所执行的各步骤的单元或模块。再如，还提出另一装置，包括用以实现以上任一方法中终端的源基站102所执行的各步骤的单元或模块。
应理解以上装置中各单元或模块的划分仅是一种逻辑功能的划分，在实际实现时可以全部或部分集成到一个物理实体上，也可以物理上分开。此外，装置中的单元或模块可以以处理器调用软件的形式实现：例如装置包括处理器，处理器与存储器连接，存储器中存储有指令，处理器调用存储 器中存储的指令，以实现以上任一方法或实现上述装置各单元或模块的功能，其中处理器例如为通用处理器，例如中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)或微处理器，存储器为装置内的存储器或装置外的存储器。或者，装置中的单元或模块可以以硬件电路的形式实现，可以通过对硬件电路的设计实现部分或全部单元或模块的功能，上述硬件电路可以理解为一个或多个处理器；例如，在一种实现中，上述硬件电路为专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，通过对电路内元件逻辑关系的设计，实现以上部分或全部单元或模块的功能；再如，在另一种实现中，上述硬件电路为可以通过可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)实现，以现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)为例，其可以包括大量逻辑门电路，通过配置文件来配置逻辑门电路之间的连接关系，从而实现以上部分或全部单元或模块的功能。以上装置的所有单元或模块可以全部通过处理器调用软件的形式实现，或全部通过硬件电路的形式实现，或部分通过处理器调用软件的形式实现，剩余部分通过硬件电路的形式实现。
在本公开实施例中，处理器是具有信号处理能力的电路，在一种实现中，处理器可以是具有指令读取与运行能力的电路，例如中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)、微处理器、图形处理器(graphics processing unit，GPU)(可以理解为微处理器)、或数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)等；在另一种实现中，处理器可以通过硬件电路的逻辑关系实现一定功能，上述硬件电路的逻辑关系是固定的或可以重构的，例如处理器为专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)或可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)实现的硬件电路,例如FPGA。在可重构的硬件电路中，处理器加载配置文档，实现硬件电路配置的过程，可以理解为处理器加载指令，以实现以上部分或全部单元或模块的功能的过程。此外，还可以是针对人工智能设计的硬件电路，其可以理解为ASIC，例如神经网络处理单元(Neural Network Processing Unit，NPU)、张量处理单元(Tensor Processing Unit，TPU)、深度学习处理单元(Deep learning Processing Unit，DPU)等。
图7A是本公开实施例提出的终端的目的基站的结构示意图。如图7A所示，终端的目的基站可以包括：接收模块7101，处理模块7102。
在一些实施例中，接收模块用于用于接收终端的源基站发送的第一消息，所述第一消息用于请求将终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区。
在一些实施例中，处理模块用于根据所述第一消息，确定第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
可选地，上述接收模块用于执行以上任一方法中终端执行的发送和/或接收等通信步骤，例如步骤S3101，此处不再赘述。
图7B是本公开实施例提出的终端的源基站的结构示意图。如图7B示，终端的源基站可以包括：接收模块7201。
在一些实施例中，接收模块用于接收目的基站发送的第二消息，所述第二消息用于指示所述目的基站接受终端的无线网络连接由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
其中，所述第二消息还包括第三消息，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
所述第二消息或所述第三消息包括第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
可选地，上述接收模块用于执行以上任一方法中终端执行的发送和/或接收等通信步骤，例如步骤S4101，此处不再赘述。
图7C是本公开实施例提出的终端的结构示意图。如图7C所示，终端可以包括：接收模块7301。
在一些实施例中，接收模块用于接收第二设备发送的第三消息和第一指示；或者，
接收所述第二设备发送的所述第三消息，所述第三消息包括所述第一指示；
其中，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区；所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
可选地，上述发送模块用于执行以上任一方法中终端执行的发送和/或接收等通信步骤，例如步骤S5101，此处不再赘述。
图8A是本公开实施例提出的通信设备8100的结构示意图。通信设备8100可以是设备(例如接入网设备、核心网设备等)，也可以是物联网设备，也可以是支持设备实现以上任一方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等，还可以是支持物联网设备实现以上任一方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。通信设备8100可用于实现上述方法实施例中描述的方法，具体可以参见上述方法实施例中的说 明。
如图8A所示，通信设备8100包括一个或多个处理器8101。处理器8101可以是通用处理器或者专用处理器等，例如可以是基带处理器或中央处理器。基带处理器可以用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器可以用于对通信装置(如，基站、基带芯片，终端设备、终端设备芯片，DU或CU等)进行控制，执行程序，处理程序的数据。可选地，通信设备8100用于执行以上任一方法。可选地，一个或多个处理器8101用于调用指令以使得通信设备8100执行以上任一方法。
在一些实施例中，通信设备8100还包括一个或多个收发器8102。在通信设备8100包括一个或多个收发器8102时，收发器8102执行上述方法中的发送和/或接收等通信步骤(例如步骤S2101，但不限于此)中的至少一者，处理器8101执行其他步骤(例如步骤S2102，但不限于此)中的至少一者。在可选的实施例中，收发器可以包括接收器和/或发送器，接收器和发送器可以是分离的，也可以集成在一起。可选地，收发器、收发单元、收发机、收发电路、接口电路、接口等术语可以相互替换，发送器、发送单元、发送机、发送电路等术语可以相互替换，接收器、接收单元、接收机、接收电路等术语可以相互替换。
在一些实施例中，通信设备8100还包括用于存储数据的一个或多个存储器8103。可选地，全部或部分存储器8103也可以处于通信设备8100之外。在可选的实施例中，通信设备8100可以包括一个或多个接口电路8104。可选地，接口电路8104与存储器8103连接，接口电路8104可用于从存储器8103或其他装置接收数据，可用于向存储器8103或其他装置发送数据。例如，接口电路8104可读取存储器8103中存储的数据，并将该数据发送给处理器8101。
以上实施例描述中的通信设备8100可以是设备或者终端，但本公开中描述的通信设备8100的范围并不限于此，通信设备8100的结构可以不受图8A的限制。通信设备可以是独立的设备或者可以是较大设备的一部分。例如通信设备可以是：1)独立的集成电路IC，或芯片，或，芯片系统或子系统；(2)具有一个或多个IC的集合，可选地，上述IC集合也可以包括用于存储数据，程序的存储部件；(3)ASIC，例如调制解调器(Modem)；(4)可嵌入在其他设备内的模块；(5)接收机、终端设备、智能终端设备、蜂窝电话、无线设备、手持机、移动单元、车载设备、设备、云设备、人工智能设备等等；(6)其他等等。
图8B是本公开实施例提出的芯片8200的结构示意图。对于通信设备8100可以是芯片或芯片系统的情况，可以参见图8B所示的芯片8200的结构示意图，但不限于此。
芯片8200包括一个或多个处理器8201。芯片8200用于执行以上任一方法。
在一些实施例中，芯片8200还包括一个或多个接口电路8202。可选地，接口电路、接口、收发管脚等术语可以相互替换。在一些实施例中，芯片8200还包括用于存储数据的一个或多个存储器8203。可选地，全部或部分存储器8203可以处于芯片8200之外。可选地，接口电路8202与存储器8203连接，接口电路8202可以用于从存储器8203或其他装置接收数据，接口电路8202可用于向存储器8203或其他装置发送数据。例如，接口电路8202可读取存储器8203中存储的数据，并将该数据发送给处理器8201。
在一些实施例中，接口电路8202执行上述方法中的发送和/或接收等通信步骤(例如步骤S2101，但不限于此)中的至少一者。接口电路8202执行上述方法中的发送和/或接收等通信步骤例如是指：接口电路8202执行处理器8201、芯片8200、存储器8203或收发器件之间的数据交互。在一些实施例中，处理器8201执行其他步骤(例如步骤S2102，但不限于此)中的至少一者。
本公开还提出存储介质，上述存储介质上存储有指令，当上述指令在通信设备8100上运行时，使得通信设备8100执行以上任一方法。可选地，上述存储介质是电子存储介质。可选地，上述存储介质是计算机可读存储介质，但不限于此，其也可以是其他装置可读的存储介质。可选地，上述存储介质可以是非暂时性(non-transitory)存储介质，但不限于此，其也可以是暂时性存储介质。
本公开还提出程序产品，上述程序产品被通信设备8100执行时，使得通信设备8100执行以上任一方法。可选地，上述程序产品是计算机程序产品。
本公开还提出计算机程序，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行以上任一方法。

Claims (37)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法由终端的目的基站执行，所述方法包括：
    接收终端的源基站发送的第一消息，所述第一消息用于请求将终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
    根据所述第一消息，确定第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一消息包括第一信息，所述目的基站根据所述第一信息确定所述第一指示；
    其中，所述第一信息包括所述源基站指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过以下任意一种方式表示：
    所述终端延迟执行切换的时长；
    无线空中接口的定时关系；
    所述终端执行切换的时钟时间。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述无线空中接口为所述源基站或所述目的基站的小区的无线空中接口；
    所述定时关系为上行定时关系和下行定时关系中的一者。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述源基站或所述目的基站的小区为以下任意一者：
    所述源基站的主小区PCell；
    所述源基站的主辅小区PSCell；
    所述目的基站的主小区PCell；
    所述目的基站主辅小区PSCell。
  6. 根据权利要求3-5任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述无线空中接口的定时关系包括；
    系统帧编号、子帧编号、时隙编号和正交频分复用OFDM符号编号中任意一者。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过终端执行切换的系统帧编号表示。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过终端执行切换的子帧所在的系统帧的系统帧编号以及所述子帧的子帧编号表示。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过以下任意一种方式表示：
    所述终端执行切换的时隙所在的系统帧的系统帧编号以及所述时隙的时隙编号；
    所述终端执行切换的时隙所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述时隙所在的子帧的子帧编号以及所述时隙的时隙编号。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过以下任意一种方式表示：
    所述终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的子帧的子帧编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号；
    所述终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的时隙的时隙编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号；
    所述终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的子帧的子帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的时隙的时隙编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号。
  11. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端执行切换的时钟时间通过GPS标准时钟或者UTC标准时钟进行指示。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定第一指示，之后还包括：
    向所述源基站发送第二消息，所述第二消息用于指示所述目的基站接受将终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
    其中，所述第二消息包括第三消息，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
    所述第二消息或所述第三消息包括所述第一指示。
  13. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法由终端的源基站执行，所述方法包括：
    接收目的基站发送的第二消息，所述第二消息用于指示所述目的基站接受终端的无线网络连接由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
    其中，所述第二消息还包括第三消息，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
    所述第二消息或所述第三消息包括第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接收目的基站发送的第二消息，之前还包括：
    确定将所述终端的无线网络连接由所述源小区切换至所述目的小区；
    向所述目的基站发送第一消息，所述第一消息用于请求将终端的无线网络连接由所述源小区切换至所述目的小区。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接受目的基站发送的第二消息，之后还包括：
    向所述终端发送所述第二消息；
    其中，所述第二消息包括所述第三消息，所述第二消息或所述第三消息包括所述第一指示。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述向所述终端发送所述第二消息和所述第三消息，之后还包括：
    接收所述终端发送的第四消息，所述第四消息用于指示所述终端接收到所述第一指示。
  17. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法由终端执行，所述方法包括：
    接收第二设备发送的第三消息和第一指示；或者，
    接收所述第二设备发送的所述第三消息，所述第三消息包括所述第一指示；
    其中，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区；所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过为以下任意一种方式表示：
    所述终端延迟执行切换的时长；
    无线空中接口的定时关系；
    所述终端执行切换的时钟时间。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述无线空中接口为所述源基站或所述目的基站的小区的无线空中接口；
    所述定时关系为上行定时关系和下行定时关系中的一者。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述源基站或所述目的基站的小区为以下任意一者：
    所述源基站主小区PCell；
    所述源基站主辅小区PSCell；
    所述目的基站的主小区PCell；
    所述目的基站主辅小区PSCell。
  21. 根据权利要求18-20任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述无线空中接口的定时关系包括；
    系统帧编号、子帧编号、时隙编号和正交频分复用OFDM符号编号中任意一者。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过终端执行切换的系统帧编号表示。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过终端执行切换的子帧所在的系统帧的系统帧编号以及所述子帧的子帧编号表示。
  24. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过以下任意一种方式表示：
    所述终端执行切换的时隙所在的系统帧的系统帧编号以及所述时隙的时隙编号；
    所述终端执行切换的时隙所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述时隙所在的子帧的子帧编号以及所述时隙的时隙编号。
  25. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端执行切换的时刻通过以下任意一种方式表示：
    所述终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的子帧的子帧编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符合编号；
    所述终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的时隙的时隙编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号；
    所述终端执行切换的OFDM符号所在的系统帧的系统帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的子帧的子帧编号、所述OFDM符号所在的时隙的时隙编号以及所述OFDM符号的OFDM符号编号。
  26. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端执行切换的时钟时间通过GPS标准时钟或者UTC标准时钟进行指示。
  27. 根据权利要求17-26任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接收所述源基站发送的第一指示，之后还包括：
    向所述源基站发送第四消息，所述第四消息用于指示所述终端接收到所述第一指示。
  28. 根据权利要求17-27任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端在所述第一指示指示的时刻由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法之后还包括：
    向所述目的基站发送第五消息，所述第五消息用于指示所述终端已经由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区。
  30. 一种终端的目的基站，其特征在于，包括：
    接收模块，用于接收终端的源基站发送的第一消息，所述第一消息用于请求将终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
    处理模块，用于根据所述第一消息，确定第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
  31. 一种终端的源基站，其特征在于，包括：
    接收模块，用于接收目的基站发送的第二消息，所述第二消息用于指示所述目的基站接受终端的无线网络连接由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
    其中，所述第二消息还包括第三消息，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端由所述源基站的源小区切换至所述目的基站的目的小区；
    所述第二消息或所述第三消息包括第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
  32. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括：
    接收模块，用于接收第二设备发送的第三消息和第一指示；或者，
    接收所述第二设备发送的所述第三消息，所述第三消息包括所述第一指示；
    其中，所述第三消息用于指示所述终端由源基站的源小区切换至目的基站的目的小区；所述第一指示用于指示所述终端执行切换的时刻。
  33. 一种终端的目的基站，其特征在于，包括：
    一个或多个处理器；
    其中，所述处理器用于执行权利要求1至12中任一项所述的通信方法。
  34. 一种终端的源基站，其特征在于，包括：
    一个或多个处理器；
    其中，所述处理器用于执行权利要求13至16中任一项所述的通信方法。
  35. 一种终端，其特征在于，包括：
    一个或多个处理器；
    其中，所述处理器用于执行权利要求17至29中任一项所述的通信方法。
  36. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括：
    终端的目的基站，用于实现权利要求1-12任一项所述的通信方法；
    终端的源基站，用于实现权利要求13-16中任一项所述的通信方法；
    终端，用于实现权利要求17-29任一项所述的通信方法。
  37. 一种存储介质，所述存储介质存储有指令，其特征在于，当所述指令在通信设备上运行时，使得所述通信设备执行如权利要求1-12、13-16、17-29中任一项所述的通信方法。
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