WO2025139778A1 - 电池包热管理装置、电池包和车辆 - Google Patents
电池包热管理装置、电池包和车辆 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2025139778A1 WO2025139778A1 PCT/CN2024/138280 CN2024138280W WO2025139778A1 WO 2025139778 A1 WO2025139778 A1 WO 2025139778A1 CN 2024138280 W CN2024138280 W CN 2024138280W WO 2025139778 A1 WO2025139778 A1 WO 2025139778A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- thermal management
- flow channel
- battery pack
- frame
- battery cell
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery pack thermal management device, a battery pack and a vehicle.
- the battery pack thermal management device includes a shell and a cooling plate and a water pipe arranged inside the shell.
- the water pipe is arranged in the battery cell area and the bottom cooling plate area. The heat generated by the battery cell is taken away or the battery cell is heated by the flow of the medium in the water pipe.
- the battery capacity of the battery pack in the above-mentioned battery pack thermal management device is limited, and the medium is easily leaked into the battery cell.
- the present invention provides a battery pack thermal management device, a battery pack and a vehicle, which are used to solve the problems in the above-mentioned related art that the battery capacity of the battery pack is limited and the medium is easy to leak into the battery cell.
- the present invention provides a thermal management device for a battery pack, including a shell, the shell including at least two thermal management plates and a frame, one of the at least two thermal management plates is located at the top of the frame and connected to the frame, and the other is located at the bottom of the frame and connected to the frame.
- the inner wall of the frame and the thermal management plates located at both ends of the frame form a receiving cavity, the receiving cavity is used to accommodate battery cells, and the thermal management plates located at both ends of the frame are respectively attached to the two ends of the battery cells.
- Each thermal management plate has a flow channel, and the thermal management plate cools down or heats up the battery cell through the medium in the flow channel.
- the thermal management device for a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application is such that the thermal management plates located at both ends of the frame are bonded to the two ends of the battery cell respectively, so that the thermal management plates located at both ends of the frame can exchange heat with the battery cell by bonding to the two ends of the battery cell, including cooling the battery cell and heating the battery cell.
- the thermal management plate cools or heats the battery cell through the medium in the flow channel, thereby avoiding the flow channel from occupying the battery cell space.
- the battery pack thermal management device further includes a converter, and the thermal management plates are provided with a cooling mode and a heating mode.
- the converter is used to switch the cooling mode and the heating mode by controlling the flow direction of the medium in the flow channel.
- the battery cell By controlling the flow direction of the medium in the flow channel through a converter to switch between the cooling mode and the heating mode, the battery cell can be cooled and heated, and the temperature distribution in each area of the battery cell can be uniform, avoiding excessive temperature differences in the battery cells.
- the flow channel includes at least two sub-flow channels, and the flow directions of the media in the at least two sub-flow channels are opposite.
- each sub-channel includes a first interface, a second interface, an inner channel, an outer channel, and an end channel.
- One of the first interface and the second interface is used to input a medium into the sub-channel, and the other is used to output a medium from the sub-channel.
- Each inner channel is located in the middle of the thermal management plate, and each outer channel is located at the edge of the thermal management plate.
- the first interface is connected to the first end of the inner channel
- the second end of the inner channel is connected to the first end of the end channel
- the second end of the end channel is connected to the first end of the outer channel
- the second end of the outer channel is connected to the second interface.
- each sub-channel further includes a connecting channel, and the second interface is close to the first interface.
- the first end of the connecting channel is communicated with the external channel, and the second end of the connecting channel is communicated with the second interface.
- the medium can take away the heat in the middle of the battery cell and then flow through the outside of the battery cell. While cooling the external battery cell, part of the heat in the medium is dissipated outward, the temperature of the medium is reduced, and then flowing into the connecting flow channel can achieve a better cooling effect.
- the heat exchange can be more complete and the cooling or heating effect can be better.
- each inner flow channel and each outer flow channel By arranging each inner flow channel and each outer flow channel to include four parallel flow channels, the requirement for a power source for driving the flow of the medium can be reduced while ensuring the heat exchange efficiency, thereby reducing the cost.
- the first interface when the heat management plate is in a cooling mode, the first interface is an inlet and the second interface is an outlet.
- the first interface when the heat management plate is in a heating mode, the first interface is an outlet and the second interface is an inlet.
- the first interface When the heat management plate is in the cooling mode, the first interface is set as the inlet and the second interface is set as the outlet.
- the first interface When the heat management plate is in the heating mode, the first interface is set as the outlet and the second interface is set as the inlet, so as to better switch the heating mode and the cooling mode, and in the cooling mode, the medium flows through the inner flow channel and then flows into the outer flow channel, and in the heating mode, the medium flows through the outer flow channel and then flows into the inner flow channel, so as to achieve uniform distribution of the battery core temperature and avoid excessive temperature difference of the battery core.
- the heat management plates located at both ends of the frame are bonded to both ends of the battery cell through a heat conductive structural adhesive.
- the heat management plate is an aluminum profile plate, and the aluminum profile plate has a plurality of cavities inside, and the flow channels are formed by arranging blocking plates between the cavities.
- the heat management plate is made by a stamping process.
- the processing difficulty can be reduced, thereby reducing costs, and the surface of the aluminum material has strong anti-oxidation ability and good corrosion resistance, which can increase the service life of the heat management plate.
- the processing difficulty of the heat management plate can be further simplified, thereby reducing costs and enhancing product strength.
- the present invention provides a battery pack, comprising a battery cell and the battery pack thermal management device of any of the above items, the battery cell is located in a receiving cavity in the battery pack thermal management device, and the top and bottom ends of the battery cell are respectively attached to the thermal management plates located at both ends of the frame in the battery pack thermal management device.
- the accommodating cavity area for arranging the battery cells in the battery pack is not occupied by the flow channel, thereby increasing the battery capacity of the battery pack as a whole, and integrating the upper cover with the thermal management plate, the lower cover and the thermal management plate together, thereby reducing the weight of the battery pack, and enhancing the structural strength of the battery pack as a whole through the side wall of the flow channel in the thermal management.
- the present invention provides a vehicle, comprising a vehicle body and a battery pack thermal management device as described in any one of the first aspects above.
- the vehicle in the embodiment of the present application is provided with the battery pack thermal management device of the first aspect mentioned above. Since the battery pack thermal management device sets a flow channel in the thermal management plate, the thermal management plate cools down or heats up the battery cell through the medium in the flow channel, thereby avoiding the flow channel from occupying the battery cell space. In other words, more battery cells can be arranged in the same space, thereby increasing the capacity of the battery pack, improving the vehicle's endurance, and improving the user experience.
- FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a battery pack thermal management device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery pack thermal management device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a thermal management plate in a thermal management device for a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present invention in a temperature reduction mode;
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a thermal management plate in a thermal management device for a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention when in a temperature rising mode.
- reference numerals 100-housing; 110-heat management plate; 110a-upper heat management plate; 110b-lower heat management plate; 111-blocking plate; 120-frame; 121-annular body; 122-crossbeam; 123-vertical beam; 124-first connecting portion; 125-second connection portion; 126-third connection portion; 127-fourth connection portion; 130 - accommodating chamber; 140 - flow channel; 141 - sub-flow channel; 142 - first interface; 143 - second interface; 144 - inner flow channel; 145 - outer flow channel; 146 - end flow channel; 147-connecting flow channel; 148-parallel flow channel; 200-battery cells; 300-Thermal conductive structural adhesive.
- the reason why the battery capacity of the battery pack is limited is that, in the related art, water pipes or other pipes are arranged in the battery cell area, occupying a large amount of space, which reduces the arrangement space of the battery cell and causes the overall battery capacity of the battery pack to be limited.
- the reason why the medium of the battery pack is easy to leak into the battery cell is that, in the related art, water pipes or other pipes are arranged in the battery cell area, and the water pipes or other pipes need to be connected to each other through joints. After a vehicle collision, the joints are easily disconnected or the pipes are cracked, causing the medium in the water pipes or other pipes to leak into the battery cell, causing a short circuit.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery pack thermal management device, a battery pack and a vehicle, which includes at least two thermal management plates through a shell.
- the two thermal management plates located at both ends of the shell and the inner wall of the shell form a receiving cavity for accommodating battery cells.
- the two thermal management plates located at both ends of the shell are respectively attached to the top and bottom ends of the battery cells, and the thermal management plates have flow channels, and the battery cells are cooled or heated by the medium in the flow channels.
- Arranging the flow channels in the thermal management plates avoids the flow channels occupying the battery cell area, increases the number of battery cells, and improves the overall battery capacity of the battery pack.
- Arranging the flow channels in the thermal management plates, and cooling or heating the battery cells by the medium in the flow channels does not require a joint for connection between water pipes or other pipes, reduces the risk of medium leakage, and saves costs.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery pack thermal management device, including a housing 100.
- the housing 100 is the main structure of the battery pack thermal management device, and is used to support the battery pack thermal management device and protect the battery cells 200 in the battery pack thermal management device.
- the material of the housing 100 can be aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc. In order to ensure the strength and weight requirements of the battery pack thermal management device, the material of the housing 100 is usually aluminum alloy.
- the housing 100 includes at least two thermal management plates 110 and a frame 120.
- the thermal management plates 110 are used for thermal management of the battery cell 200.
- Thermal management includes cooling the battery cell 200 and heating the battery cell 200. For example, when the battery pack is in a fast charging state, the temperature of the battery cell 200 rises rapidly. In order to prevent the battery cell 200 from being damaged by excessive temperature, the temperature of the battery cell 200 needs to be reduced. Thermal management refers to cooling the battery cell 200. Alternatively, when the battery pack is charged in winter or other low temperature scenarios, the battery pack cannot be charged due to the low ambient temperature. The temperature of the battery cell 200 needs to be increased. Thermal management refers to heating the battery cell 200.
- At least two thermal management plates 110 means that the number of thermal management plates 110 in the housing 100 can be two, three or more.
- the housing 100 includes two thermal management plates 110 as an example for explanation, and the thermal management plate 110 located at the top of the frame 120 is defined as the upper thermal management plate 110a, and the thermal management plate 110 located at the bottom of the frame 120 is defined as the lower thermal management plate 110b.
- the upper thermal management plate 110a is located at the top of the frame 120 and is connected to the frame 120.
- the upper thermal management plate 110a is threadedly connected to the frame 120.
- the upper thermal management plate 110a is the upper cover of the housing 100.
- the lower thermal management plate 110b is located at the bottom of the frame 120 and is connected to the frame 120. For example, the lower thermal management plate 110b is threadedly connected to the frame 120.
- the lower thermal management plate 110 b is the lower cover of the housing 100 . While performing thermal management on the battery cells 200 , it also enhances the overall strength of the thermal management device of the battery pack and protects the battery cells 200 .
- the frame 120 is the main structure of the housing 100, and is used to connect the upper heat management plate 110a and the lower heat management plate 110b. As shown in FIG1 , the frame 120 may include an annular body 121, a cross beam 122, and a vertical beam 123.
- the annular body 121 includes a first connection portion 124, a second connection portion 125, a third connection portion 126, and a fourth connection portion 127 connected end to end in sequence, wherein the first connection portion 124 and the third connection portion 126 are arranged opposite to each other, and the second connection portion 125 and the fourth connection portion 127 are arranged opposite to each other.
- the two ends of the cross beam 122 are respectively connected to the middle of the first connection portion 124 and the middle of the third connection portion 126, and the two ends of the vertical beam 123 are respectively connected to the middle of the second connection portion 125 and the middle of the fourth connection portion 127.
- the cross beam 122 and the vertical beam 123 are both provided with threaded holes for connecting the upper heat management plate 110a and the lower heat management plate 110b.
- the horizontal beam 122 and the vertical beam 123 are provided to enhance the structural strength of the frame 120 and the housing 100 .
- the inner wall of the frame 120, the upper thermal management plate 110a and the lower thermal management plate 110b form a receiving cavity 130, which is a hollow structure for accommodating the battery cell.
- the space in the receiving cavity 130 is the arrangement area of the battery cell 200, the upper thermal management plate 110a is bonded to the top of the battery cell 200, and the lower thermal management plate 110b is bonded to the bottom of the battery cell 200.
- bonding can refer to direct contact bonding between the two, or indirect contact bonding between the two or through glue, tape, etc.
- the medium is input from the middle of the flow channel 140, and the heat in the middle of the battery cell 200 is quickly taken away.
- the temperature in the middle of the battery cell 200 is quickly reduced, thereby balancing the temperature of each area of the battery cell 200 and avoiding excessive temperature difference of the battery cell 200.
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Abstract
本申请提供一种电池包热管理装置、电池包和车辆,涉及电池技术领域。电池包热管理装置包括壳体,壳体包括至少两个热管理板和边框,至少两个热管理板的其中一个位于边框的顶端、且与边框相连,另一个位于边框的底端、且与边框相连。边框的内壁与位于边框两端的热管理板围成容纳腔,容纳腔用于容置电芯,且位于边框两端的热管理板分别与电芯的两端贴合。每个热管理板内具有流道,热管理板通过流道内的介质使电芯降温或升温。上述技术方案通过两个热管理板分别贴合在电芯的顶端和底端,且热管理板内具有流道,通过流道内介质使电芯降温或升温,流道不占用电芯区域,提高了电池包电池容量,无需在水管之间设置接头,减少了介质泄露的风险。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2023年12月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为202311872799.9、申请名称为“电池包热管理装置、电池包和车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请涉及电池技术领域,尤其涉及一种电池包热管理装置、电池包和车辆。
随着新能源电动汽车行业的飞速发展,电动汽车的续航里程越来越长,充电时间越来越短,使得电动汽车中电池包的电池容量越来越大,充电速度越来越快,对于电池包的热管理提出了更高的要求。
电池包热管理装置包括壳体和设置在壳体内的冷却板和水管,水管设置在电芯区域和底部冷却板区域,通过水管中介质的流动带走电芯产生的热量或者加热电芯。
然而,上述电池包热管理装置中电池包的电池容量受限,且介质易泄露到电芯中。
本发明提供一种电池包热管理装置、电池包和车辆,用于解决上述相关技术中电池包的电池容量受限,且介质易泄露到电芯中的问题。
第一方面,本发明提供一种电池包热管理装置,包括壳体,壳体包括至少两个热管理板和边框,至少两个热管理板的其中一个位于边框的顶端、且与边框相连,另一个位于边框的底端、且与边框相连。边框的内壁与位于边框两端的热管理板围成容纳腔,容纳腔用于容置电芯,且位于边框两端的热管理板分别与电芯的两端贴合。每个热管理板内具有流道,热管理板通过流道内的介质使电芯降温或升温。
本申请实施例提供的电池包热管理装置,通过将位于边框两端的热管理板分别于电芯的两端贴合,使得位于边框两端的热管理板能够通过与电芯两端的贴合与电芯进行热交换,包括使电芯降温和使电芯升温。通过在热管理板内具有流道,热管理板通过流道内的介质对电芯降温或升温,避免了流道占用电芯空间。热管理板通过流道内介质与电芯进行热交换,将电芯降温或者升温,实现对电池包的热管理,避免了在电芯区域布置水管以占用电芯空间导致的电池包容量小,并且避免了车辆碰撞时,水管开裂导致介质流入电芯的意外产生。
在一种可能的实现方式中,电池包热管理装置还包括转换器,热管理板均设有降温模式和升温模式。转换器用于通过控制流道内介质的流动方向切换降温模式和升温模式。
通过转换器控制流道内介质的流动方向切换降温模式和升温模式能够实现对电芯的降温和升温,且使得电芯的各区域温度分布均匀,避免电芯温差过大。
在一种可能的实现方式中,流道包括至少两个子流道,至少两个子流道内介质的流向相反。
通过设置至少两个子流道,能够使得电芯各区域的温度分布均匀,更好的实现对电芯的热管理。
在一种可能的实现方式中,每个子流道均包括第一接口、第二接口、内流道、外流道以及端部流道。第一接口和第二接口中的一个用于将介质输入到子流道内,另一个用于将介质从子流道内输出。各内流道均位于热管理板的中部,各外流道均位于热管理板的边缘。第一接口与内流道的第一端连通,内流道的第二端与端部流道的第一端连通,端部流道的第二端与外流道的第一端连通,外流道的第二端与第二接口连通。
通过在降温模式下,使介质流经内流道后流入外流道,在升温模式下,使介质流经外流道后流入内流道,可以避免电芯的温差过大,进而保护电芯。
在一种可能的实现方式中,每个子流道还包括连接流道,第二接口靠近第一接口。连接流道的第一端与外流道连通,连接流道的第二端与第二接口连通。
通过设置连接通道,在热管理板处于降温模式时,可以使介质在带走电芯中部的热量后,流经电芯外部,在冷却外部电芯的同时,部分介质内的热量向外散发,介质的温度降低,再流入连接流道能够使得降温效果更好。
在一种可能的实现方式中,各内流道和各外流道均包括多个并联流道。
通过将内流道和各外流道设置的均包括多个并联流道,以使得热交换更充分,降温或者升温效果更好。
在一种可能的实现方式中,各内流道和各外流道均包括四个并联流道。
通过将各内流道和各外流道设置的均包括四个并联流道,可以在保证热交换效率的同时,降低对驱动介质流动的动力源的要求,降低成本。
在一种可能的实现方式中,热管理板处于降温模式时,第一接口为进口,第二接口为出口。热管理板处于升温模式时,第一接口为出口,第二接口为进口。
通过在热管理板处于降温模式时,将第一接口设置为进口,将第二接口设为出口。在热管理板处于升温模式时,将第一接口设置为出口,第二接口设置为进口,以更好的切换升温模式和降温模式,且使得降温模式下,介质通过内流道后流入外流道,升温模式下介质通过外流道后进入内流道,实现电芯温度的均匀分布,避免电芯温度差过大。
在一种可能的实现方式中,位于边框两端的热管理板均通过导热结构胶与电芯的两端贴合。
这样可以使得热管理板与电芯之间的热交换效率更高。
在一种可能的实现方式中,热管理板为铝型材板,铝型材板内部具有多个型腔,通过在型腔之间布置堵板形成流道。或者,热管理板由冲压工艺制成。
通过将热管理板设置为铝型材板,可以降低加工难度,进而降低成本,并且铝材质的表面抗氧化能力较强,有较好的耐腐蚀性,可以提升该热管理板的使用寿命。通过将热管理板由冲压工艺制成,可以进一步简化热管理办的加工难度,进而降低成本,并增强产品强度。
第二方面,本发明提供一种电池包,包括电芯及上述任一项中的电池包热管理装置,电芯位于电池包热管理装置中的容纳腔内,电芯的顶端和底端分别与位于电池包热管理装置中边框两端的热管理板贴合。
通过在电池包内设置上述的电池包热管理装置,可以使电池包中布置电芯的容纳腔区域未被流道占用,增大了电池包整体的电池容量,且将上盖与热管理板、下盖和热管理板集成在一起,降低了电池包的重量,通过热管理中流道的侧壁增强了电池包整体的结构强度。此外,无需布置水管或其它管道,以及连接水管或其它管道的接头,进一步节省了成本。
第三方面,本发明提供一种车辆,包括车体以及上述第一方面任一项所述的电池包热管理装置。
本申请实施例中的车辆,通过设置上述第一方面的电池包热管理装置,由于该电池包热管理装置通过在热管理板内设置流道,热管理板通过流道内的介质对电芯降温或升温,避免了流道占用电芯空间。也就是说,相同空间内可以设置更多的电芯,进而提升电池包的容量,提升车辆的续航能力,提升用户体验。并且,通过将热管理板设置的通过流道内介质与电芯进行热交换,将电芯降温或者升温,实现对电池包的热管理,避免了在电芯区域布置水管以占用电芯空间导致的电池包容量小,并且避免了车辆碰撞时,水管开裂导致介质流入电芯的意外产生。提高了车辆的安全系数。
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的电池包热管理装置的立体结构示意图;
图2为本发明实施例提供的电池包热管理装置的爆炸结构示意图;
图3为本发明实施例提供的电池包热管理装置中热管理板处于降温模式下的剖面示意图;
图4为本发明实施例提供的电池包热管理装置中热管理板处于升温模式下的剖面示意图。
附图标记说明:
100-壳体;
110-热管理板;110a-上热管理板;110b-下热管理板;111-堵板;
120-边框;121-环形主体;122-横梁;123-竖梁;124-第一连接部;
125-第二连接部;126-第三连接部;127-第四连接部;
130-容纳腔;140-流道;141-子流道;142-第一接口;
143-第二接口;144-内流道;145-外流道;146-端部流道;
147-连接流道;148-并联流道;
200-电芯;
300-导热结构胶。
100-壳体;
110-热管理板;110a-上热管理板;110b-下热管理板;111-堵板;
120-边框;121-环形主体;122-横梁;123-竖梁;124-第一连接部;
125-第二连接部;126-第三连接部;127-第四连接部;
130-容纳腔;140-流道;141-子流道;142-第一接口;
143-第二接口;144-内流道;145-外流道;146-端部流道;
147-连接流道;148-并联流道;
200-电芯;
300-导热结构胶。
出现电池包的电池容量受限的原因在于,在相关技术中,水管或者其它管道布置在电芯区域,占用大量空间,使得电芯的排布空间减小,造成电池包的整体电池容量受限。出现电池包的介质易泄露到电芯中的原因在于,在相关技术中,水管或其它管道布置在电芯区域,且水管或其它管道彼此之间需要通过接头连接,车辆发生碰撞后,接头容易断开或者管路开裂,使得水管或其它管道中的介质泄露到电芯中,造成短路。
针对上述技术问题,本发明实施例提供一种电池包热管理装置、电池包和车辆,通过壳体包括至少两个热管理板,位于壳体两端的两个热管理板与壳体的内壁形成用于容置电芯的容纳腔,位于壳体两端的两个热管理板分别贴合在电芯的顶端和底端,且热管理板内具有流道,通过流道内介质使电芯降温或升温。在热管理板内布置流道避免了流道占用电芯区域,使得电芯的数量增多,提高电池包整体的电池容量,在热管理板内布置流道,通过流道内介质使电芯降温或升温,不需要在水管或其它管道之间设置连接用的接头,减少了介质泄露的风险,节约了成本。
为了使本发明实施例的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,均属于本申请保护的范围。
参考图1和图2,本发明实施例提供一种电池包热管理装置,包括壳体100。壳体100为电池包热管理装置的主体结构,用于支撑电池包热管理装置,保护电池包热管理装置内的电芯200。壳体100的材质可以是铝合金、不锈钢等,为了保证电池包热管理装置的强度要求和重量要求,壳体100的材质通常为铝合金。
壳体100包括至少两个热管理板110和边框120,热管理板110用于对电芯200热管理,热管理包括电芯200的降温和电芯200的升温,例如,电池包在快速充电的状态,电芯200的温度急速上升,为了防止电芯200的温度过高损坏电芯200,需要将电芯200的温度降低,热管理指对电芯200降温。或者,电池包处于冬季低温或其它低温场景冲电时,由于环境温度过低,电池包无法充电,需要将电芯200的温度提高,热管理指对电芯200升温。
至少两个热管理板110指壳体100中的热管理板110的数量可以为两个、三个或者更多,为了便于描述,参考图1和图2,以壳体100包括两个热管理板110为例进行说明,将位于边框120顶端的热管理板110定义为上热管理板110a,将位于边框120底端的热管理板110定义为下热管理板110b。如图1所示,上热管理板110a位于边框120的顶部、且与边框120相连,例如,上热管理板110a与边框120螺纹连接。上热管理板110a为壳体100的上盖,在对电芯200热管理的同时,增强电池包热管理装置的整体强度,保护电芯200。下热管理板110b位于边框120的底部、且与边框120相连,例如,下热管理板110b与边框120螺纹连接。下热管理板110b为壳体100的下盖,在对电芯200热管理的同时,增强电池包热管理装置的整体强度,保护电芯200。
边框120为壳体100的主体结构,用于连接上热管理板110a和下热管理板110b,如图1所示,边框120可以包括环形主体121、横梁122和竖梁123,环形主体121包括依次首尾相连的第一连接部124、第二连接部125、第三连接部126和第四连接部127,其中,第一连接部124和第三连接部126相对设置,第二连接部125和第四连接部127相对设置。横梁122的两端分别与第一连接部124的中部和第三连接部126的中部连接,竖梁123的两端分别与第二连接部125的中部和第四连接部127的中部连接。横梁122和竖梁123上均设置有用于连接上热管理板110a以及下热管理板110b的螺纹孔。横梁122和竖梁123的设置用于增强边框120和壳体100的结构强度。
边框120的内壁、上热管理板110a和下热管理板110b围成容纳腔130,容纳腔130为空腔结构,用于容置电芯。容纳腔130内的空间为电芯200布置区域,上热管理板110a与电芯200的顶端贴合,下热管理板110b与电芯200的底端贴合。需要说明的是,贴合可以指二者直接接触贴合,也可以指二者或者通过胶水、胶带等间接接触贴合。
需要说明的是,当热管理板110的数量大于两个时,热管理板110可以贴合在电芯200的侧面。
如图3和图4所示,每个热管理板110内具有流道140,流道140内流动有介质,介质用于使电芯200降温或者升温,介质可以水、乙二醇、油、空气等。通过介质在流道140内的流动与电芯200进行热交换,进而对电芯200降温或升温。
本申请提供一种电池包热管理装置,通过将边框120的内壁、上热管理板110a和下热管理板110b围成用于容置电芯200的容纳腔130,上热管理板110a和下热管理板110b分别贴合在电芯200的顶端和底端,且上热管理板110a和下热管理板110b内具有流道140,通过流道140内介质的流动与电芯200的顶端以及底端进行热交换,进而将电芯200降温或者升温。由于上热管理板110a和下热管理板110b分别为壳体100的上盖和下盖,在上盖和下盖设置流道140,而不是在容纳腔130内布置水管或其它管道,降低了电池包热管理装置的整体重量,增大了电芯200布置的空间,进而增大了电池包的整体电池容量。此外,无需设置连接水管或其它管道的接头,减少了介质泄露的风险。
在一些实施例中,电池包热管理装置还包括转换器,转换器用于切换热管理板110的工作模式。热管理板110均设有降温模式和升温模式,降温模式用于对电芯200降温,例如,电芯200处于快速充电状态,电芯200的温度急速上升,此时,转换器将热管理板110切换至降温模式,降温模式下,介质自热管理板110中流道140的中部输入后,介质流向流道140的外部,由于电芯200中部的热量高于电芯200外部的热量,介质由流道140的中部输入,将电芯200中部的热量快速带走,电芯200中部的温度快速降低,从而平衡电芯200的各区域温度,避免电芯200的温差过大。
升温模式用于对电芯200升温,例如,电芯200处于冬季低温或其它低温场景充电时,由于环境温度低,充电速度慢。又或者,车辆处于冬季低温或其它低温场景,电芯200的放电倍率低,车辆难以提速,需要转换器将热管理板110切换至升温模式,升温模式下,介质自热管理板110中流道140的外部输入后,介质流向流道140的中部,由于电芯200外部的热量低于电芯中部的热量,介质由流道140的外部输入,将电芯200外部的热量增大,电芯200外部的温度快速上升,从而平衡电芯200的各区域温度,避免电芯200的温差过大。
转换器用于通过控制流道140内介质的流动方向切换降温模式和升温模式,指在降温模式下,介质自流道140的中部输入,流向流道140的外部。在升温模式下,介质自流道140的外部输入,流向流道140的中部,进而避免电芯200的各区域温度分布不均匀导致的温差过大。
参考图3和图4,在一些实施例中,流道140至少包括两个子流道141,至少两个子流道141内的介质的流向相反。例如,如图3和图4所示,子流道141的数量为两个,第一个子流道141位于热管理板110的后部,第二个子流道141位于热管理板110的前部,如图3所示,热管理板110处于降温模式时,第一个子流道141内介质的流动方向为自热管理板110的中部输入,流向热管理板110的后部,第二个子流道141内介质的流动方向为自第二个子流道141的中部输入,流向热管理板110的前部,进而实现降温模式下电芯200的各区域温度分布均匀,避免温差过大。
如图4所示,热管理板110处于升温模式时,第一个子流道141内介质的流动方向为自热管理板110的后部输入,流向热管理板110的中部,第二个子流道141内介质的流动方向为自第二个子流道141的前部输入,流向热管理板110的中部。进而实现升温模式下电芯200的各区域温度分布均匀,避免温差过大。
参考图3和图4,在一些实施例中,每个子流道141均包括第一接口142、第二接口143、内流道144、外流道145和端部流道146。第一接口142和第二接口143中的一个用于将介质输入到子流道141内,另一个用于将介质从子流道141输出,例如,热管理板110处于降温模式时,第一接口142用于将介质输入到子流道141内,第二接口143用于将介质从子流道141输出。热管理板110处于升温模式时,第二接口143用于将介质输入到子流道141内,第一接口142用于将介质从子流道141输出。
如图3和图4所示,各内流道144位于热管理板110的中部,各外流道位于热管理板110的边缘,以子流道141的数量为两个为例,第一个子流道141和第二个子流道141中的内流道144均位于热管理板110的中部,第一个子流道141中的外流道145位于热管理板110的后部,第二个子流道141的外流道145位于热管理板110的前部。
第一接口142与内流道144的第一端连通,内流道144的第二端与端部流道146的第一端连通,端部流道146的第二端与外流道145的第一端连通,外流道145的第二端与第二接口连通,如图3所示,热管理板110处于降温模式时,介质经由第一接口142进入内流道144后,依次经由端部流道146和外流道145后从第二接口143流出,从而使得介质先流经内流道144,后流经外流道145,使得电芯200的内部温度先降低,避免电芯200的温度差过大。
如图4所示,热管理板110处于升温模式时,介质经由第二接口143流入外流道145后,依次经由端部流道146和内流道144后从第一接口142流出,从而使得介质先流经外流道145,后流经内流道144,使得电芯200的外部温度先降低,避免电芯200的温度差过大。
参考图3和图4,在一些实施例中,每个子流道141还包括连接流道147,连接流道147的第一端与外流道145连通,连接流道147的第二端与第二接口143连通,连接流道147位于外流道145和内流道144之间,介质流出外流道,如此设置,在热管理板110处于降温模式时,介质自第一接口142流入内流道144后依次流经端部流道146、外流道145和连接流道147后经第二接口143流出,介质在带走电芯200中部的热量后,流经电芯200外部,在冷却外部电芯200的同时,部分介质内的热量向外散发,介质的温度降低,再流入连接流道147,能够使得降温效果更好,且使得电芯各区域的温度分布均匀。
参考图3和图4,在一些实施例中,各内流道144和外流道145均包括多个并联流道148,并联流道148由隔板分割,以增加热交换效率。各内流道144和外流道145可以均包括四个并联流道148,如果并联流道148的数量过少,介质与电芯200之间热交换的效率低,使得电芯200各处的温差增大,如果并联流道148的数量过多,使得对驱动介质流动的动力源如水泵的要求过高,增加成本。
在上述实施例中,热管理板110处于降温模式时,第一接口142为进口,介质经由进口进入子流道141内,第二接口143为出口,介质经由出口从子流道141内流出。热管理板110处于升温模式时,第一接口142为出口,介质经由出口从子流道141内流出,第二接口143为进口,介质经由进口进入子流道141内。
参考图2,在一些实施例中,位于边框120两端的热管理板110通过导热结构胶300与电芯200的两端贴合,位于边框120两端的热管理板110分别为上热管理板110a和下热管理板110b,上热管理板110a通过导热结构胶300粘接在电芯200的顶端,实现与电芯200顶端的贴合,下热管理板110b通过导热结构胶300粘接在电芯200的底端,实现与电芯200底端的贴合。从而更好实现热交换。
在一些实施例中,热管理板110为铝型材板,如图3和图4所示,铝型材板内部具有多个型腔,型腔可用于介质流动,在各型腔之间布置堵板111,可形成流道140,由于铝型材的材质通过为六系铝合金,相比于将铝板钣金冲压形成热管理板110和流道140,成本低且强度高。
本申请还提供了一种电池包,包括电芯200以及上述任一项中的电池包热管理装置,参考图1和图2,电芯200位于容纳腔130内,电芯200的顶端和底端分别与位于边框120两端的热管理板110贴合。本申请提供的电池包中布置电芯200的容纳腔130区域未被流道140占用,增大了电池包整体的电池容量,且将上盖与上热管理板110a,下盖与下热管理板110b集成在一起,降低了电池包的种类,通过热管理中流道的侧壁增强了电池包整体的结构强度。此外,无需布置水管或其它管道,以及连接水管或其它管道的接头,进一步节省了成本。
本申请还提供了一种车辆,该车辆可以包括车体以及上述任一实施例中的电池包热管理装置。
或者,本申请还提供一种车辆,该车辆包括车体以及上述的电池包。该电池包可以包括上述任一实施例中的电池包热管理装置。
本申请实施例中的车辆,通过设置上述的电池包热管理装置,由于该电池包热管理装置通过在热管理板内设置流道,热管理板通过流道内的介质对电芯降温或升温,避免了流道占用电芯空间。也就是说,相同空间内可以设置更多的电芯,当车辆上设置该电池包热管理装置时,可以提升电池包的容量,进而提升车辆的续航能力,提升用户体验。并且,通过将热管理板设置的通过流道内介质与电芯进行热交换,将电芯降温或者升温,实现对电池包的热管理,避免了在电芯区域布置水管以占用电芯空间导致的电池包容量小,并且避免了车辆碰撞时,水管开裂导致介质流入电芯的意外产生。提高了车辆的安全系数。
本说明书中各实施例或实施方式采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似部分相互参见即可。
应指出,在说明书中提到的“在具体实现时”、“在一些实施例中”、“在本实施例中”、“示例性地”等表示所述的实施例可以包括特定特征、结构或特性,但未必每个实施例都包括该特定特征、结构或特性。此外,这样的短语未必是指同一实施例。此外,在结合实施例描述特定特征、结构或特性时,结合明确或未明确描述的其他实施例实现这样的特征、结构或特性处于本领域技术人员的知识范围之内。
一般而言,应至少部分地由语境下的使用来理解术语。例如,至少部分地根据语境,文中使用的术语“一个或多个”可以用于描述单数的意义的任何特征、结构或特性,或者可以用于描述复数的意义的特征、结构或特性的组合。类似地,至少部分地根据语境,还可以将诸如“一”或“所述”的术语理解为传达单数用法或者传达复数用法。
应容易地理解,应按照最宽的方式解释本公开中的“在……上”、“在……以上”和“在……之上”,以使得“在……上”不仅意味着“直接处于某物上”,还包括“在某物上”且其间具有中间特征或层的含义,并且“在……以上”或者“在……之上”不仅包括“在某物以上”或“之上”的含义,还可以包括“在某物以上”或“之上”且其间没有中间特征或层(即,直接处于某物上)的含义。
此外,文中为了便于说明可以使用空间相对术语,例如,“下面”、“以下”、“下方”、“以上”、“上方”等,以描述一个元件或特征相对于其他元件或特征的如图所示的关系。空间相对术语意在包含除了附图所示的取向之外的处于使用或操作中的器件的不同取向。装置可以具有其他取向(旋转90度或者处于其他取向上),并且文中使用的空间相对描述词可以同样被相应地解释。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。
Claims (12)
- 一种电池包热管理装置,其特征在于,包括:壳体,所述壳体包括至少两个热管理板和边框,所述至少两个热管理板的其中一个位于所述边框的顶端、且与所述边框相连,另一个位于所述边框的底端、且与所述边框相连;所述边框的内壁与位于所述边框两端的所述热管理板围成容纳腔,所述容纳腔用于容置电芯,且位于所述边框两端的所述热管理板分别与所述电芯的两端贴合;每个所述热管理板内具有流道,所述热管理板通过所述流道内的介质使所述电芯降温或升温。
- 根据权利要求1所述的电池包热管理装置,其特征在于,所述电池包热管理装置还包括转换器,所述热管理板均设有降温模式和升温模式;所述转换器用于通过控制所述流道内所述介质的流动方向切换所述降温模式和所述升温模式。
- 根据权利要求1所述的电池包热管理装置,其特征在于,所述流道包括至少两个子流道,至少两个所述子流道内介质的流向相反。
- 根据权利要求3所述的电池包热管理装置,其特征在于,每个所述子流道均包括第一接口、第二接口、内流道、外流道以及端部流道;所述第一接口和所述第二接口中的一个用于将所述介质输入到所述子流道内,另一个用于将所述介质从所述子流道内输出;各所述内流道均位于所述热管理板的中部,各所述外流道均位于所述热管理板的边缘;所述第一接口与所述内流道的第一端连通,所述内流道的第二端与所述端部流道的第一端连通,所述端部流道的第二端与所述外流道的第一端连通,所述外流道的第二端与所述第二接口连通。
- 根据权利要求4所述的电池包热管理装置,其特征在于,每个所述子流道还包括连接流道,所述第二接口靠近所述第一接口;所述连接流道的第一端与所述外流道连通,所述连接流道的第二端与所述第二接口连通。
- 根据权利要求5所述的电池包热管理装置,其特征在于,各所述内流道和各所述外流道均包括多个并联流道。
- 根据权利要求6所述的电池包热管理装置,其特征在于,各所述内流道和各所述外流道均包括四个并联流道。
- 根据权利要求4-7任一所述的电池包热管理装置,其特征在于,所述热管理板处于降温模式时,所述第一接口为进口,所述第二接口为出口;所述热管理板处于升温模式时,所述第一接口为出口,所述第二接口为进口。
- 根据权利要求1-7任一所述的电池包热管理装置,其特征在于,位于所述边框两端的所述热管理板均通过导热结构胶与所述电芯的两端贴合。
- 根据权利要求1-7任一所述的电池包热管理装置,其特征在于,所述热管理板为铝型材板,铝型材板内部具有多个型腔,通过在所述型腔之间布置堵板形成所述流道;或者,所述热管理板由冲压工艺制成。
- 一种电池包,其特征在于,包括电芯以及如权利要求1-10任一所述的电池包热管理装置,所述电芯位于所述电池包热管理装置中的容纳腔内,所述电芯的顶端和底端分别与位于所述电池包热管理装置中边框两端的热管理板贴合。
- 一种车辆,其特征在于,包括车体以及上述权利要求1-10任一所述的电池包热管理装置。
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