WO2025136755A1 - Segregation chamber for downhole fluid retention and testing - Google Patents

Segregation chamber for downhole fluid retention and testing Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025136755A1
WO2025136755A1 PCT/US2024/059488 US2024059488W WO2025136755A1 WO 2025136755 A1 WO2025136755 A1 WO 2025136755A1 US 2024059488 W US2024059488 W US 2024059488W WO 2025136755 A1 WO2025136755 A1 WO 2025136755A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
chamber
sampling
line
arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/US2024/059488
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Adriaan GISOLF
Yan Fiona LI
Bei GAO
Francois Xavier Dubost
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schlumberger Canada Ltd
Services Petroliers Schlumberger SA
Schlumberger Technology BV
Schlumberger Technology Corp
Original Assignee
Schlumberger Canada Ltd
Services Petroliers Schlumberger SA
Schlumberger Technology BV
Schlumberger Technology Corp
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Filing date
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Publication of WO2025136755A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025136755A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/34Purifying; Cleaning
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/34Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
    • E21B43/38Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well in the well
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/08Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
    • E21B49/081Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells with down-hole means for trapping a fluid sample
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/08Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
    • E21B49/086Withdrawing samples at the surface
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/08Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
    • E21B49/10Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells using side-wall fluid samplers or testers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N1/14Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N1/18Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state with provision for splitting samples into portions
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/40Concentrating samples
    • G01N1/4077Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N1/14Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
    • G01N2001/1418Depression, aspiration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/40Concentrating samples
    • G01N1/4077Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids
    • G01N2001/4083Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids sedimentation

Definitions

  • aspects of the disclosure relate to obtaining fluid samples and testing those samples from a downhole environment. More specifically, aspects of the disclosure relate to a segregation chamber for downhole fluid retention and testing that allows sampling hydrocarbons to be segregated from water-based mud filtrate and other materials.
  • an arrangement for sampling downhole fluid may comprise a body having at least one sample inlet and at least one guard inlet.
  • the arrangement may also comprise a first line connected to the at least one sample inlet.
  • the arrangement may also comprise a second line connected to the at least one guard inlet.
  • the arrangement may also comprise a segregation chamber connected to the first line and the second line, wherein the segregation chamber is configured to separate hydrocarbon fluids from other downhole fluids.
  • FIG. 1 is a focused sampling arrangement, in one example embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the filling of a sample bottle after continuous segregation accomplished with focused sampling.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates focused sampling with the sample line fluid flowing through a continuous segregation chamber and with water being routed to the borehole.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the sampling apparatus of FIG. 1 , when after continuous segregation with focused sampling, the hydrocarbons captured can be used to fill a sample bottle.
  • FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of the sampling apparatus of FIG. 1 , where unfocused sampling is conducted and flow is comingled from both a sample and guard line.
  • FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the sampling apparatus of FIG. 1 , where unfocused sampling is conducted and flow is only from a sample line.
  • FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view of the sampling apparatus of FIG. 1 , with a comingled flow scenario.
  • FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of the sampling apparatus of FIG. 1 , where unfocused sampling is conducted and flow is only from a sample line.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the sampling apparatus of FIG. 1 , showing a path where hydrocarbons will flow under existing pressure.
  • FIG. 8A is cross-sectional view of the sample apparatus of FIG. 1 , with a continuous segregated sample chamber used during fluid blockage.
  • FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view of the sampling apparatus of FIG. 1 , wherein a diverted, continuous, segregated, sample chamber fluid is looped to a comingle valve.
  • FIG. 9 is a method for sampling in one example embodiment of the disclosure.
  • identical reference numerals have been used, where possible, to designate identical elements that are common to the figures (“FIGS”). It is contemplated that elements disclosed in one embodiment may be beneficially utilized on other embodiments without specific recitation.
  • first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, components, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as “first”, “second” and other numerical terms, when used herein, do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed herein could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.
  • a non-volatile memory system may be a memory system that does not wipe clean after termination of electrical power to the system.
  • Examples of non-volatile memory systems may be compact disks, solid-state drives, and universal serial bus devices. These memory systems may be used to store program executable method steps for a computer, server, or computing arrangement.
  • Embodiments of the disclosure describe hardware and workflows for a continuous segregation chamber, where HC and WBM filtrate are continuously pumped through a formation tester segregation chamber and where the lighter HC phase is allowed to segregate into the chamber, while the heavier WBM filtrate phase is removed from the chamber until the segregation chamber is filled with (mainly) HC. Once sufficient HC has accumulated in the chamber, it can either be diverted to smaller PVT bottles, or the full chamber can be sealed and retrieved to the surface with the formation tester toolstring.
  • a formation testing platform with a large volume chamber is used.
  • the chamber can be configured as either a 5, 10, or 25 L chamber with four active seal valves and several surface configurable valves as nonlimiting embodiments. This flexibility allows the chamber to have several different functions.
  • the chamber can be filled with clean water to inflate a radial probe or dual packer, or to inject fluid into a fracture.
  • the chamber can be used to capture samples or used as a segregation chamber. In some configurations, a combination of some or all of the functions is possible. Aspects of the disclosure describe the hardware and workflow to use components as a continuous segregation chamber.
  • FCRF Focused radial probe FCII - Dual-packer module
  • Configuration A FLVC as a continuous segregation chamber - focused sampling
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic for the use of a continuous segregation chamber during focused sampling with a FCRF.
  • a HC-filtrate mixture from the FCRF sample line inlet 102 is pumped on line 104 and directed into the segregation chamber 100.
  • the heavier phase (filtrate) will be forced through chamber valve 2 106 which is routed back to line 104, above the closed flowline 1 valve 108.
  • Monitoring line 1 111 with FISO shows pure filtrate on line 104 when the continuous segregation chamber 100 is segregating out the HC.
  • the FISO will start showing a mixture of HC & filtrate again.
  • the FLVC chamber valves 110 can be closed and the HC sample is captured.
  • the water line 140 is routed to line 113, below the flowline valve for the guard line 113.
  • the water line 140 will be at borehole pressure and the FLVC filling is driven by the line 130 FNFM.
  • Chamber valve 106 can be optionally kept closed until the chamber 100 is full. Once full, the chamber valve 106 can be opened to start the continuous segregation process (requiting flow through the chamber).
  • the chamber 100 can be sealed. It may be preferred; however, to divert the segregated HC into FSCM PVT bottle 150 so that the FLVC may be re-used as a segregation chamber, or filled with filtrate, to be used on a subsequent station as a source fluid to set the FCRF.
  • valve positions are changed to the positions indicated in FIG. 2.
  • the lower FNFM 130 is now used to pump fluid up the line into the FLVC water line, forcing the piston down and pushing the captured HC through chamber valve 106, into line 104.
  • the FISO 165 is used to monitor the time that pure segregated HC is observed and at this time the FSCM bottle 150 is opened, and a sample is captured.
  • FIG. 3 shows the schematic for use of the continuous segregation chamber during focused sampling with an FCRF.
  • a HC-filtrate mixture from the FCRF sample line inlet 202 is pumped to line 204 and directed into the segregation chamber 200.
  • chamber valve 206 is opened, and the heavier phase WBM filtrate will be forced from chamber valve 206 to flowline 208, where it will mix with the guard fluid 210 that is already being pumped on line 212.
  • Monitoring line 214 with FISO shows pure filtrate flowing when the continuous segregation chamber 200 is segregating out the HC.
  • FISO shows a mixture of HC & filtrate on line 212 again.
  • the FLVC chamber valves 206 can be closed and the HC sample is captured.
  • the segregation chamber flow direction can also be changed with fluid entering on line 212 (chamber valve 2 206) and exiting on line 208 (chamber valve 206). This would require the flowline valve positions to be reversed.
  • the chamber 200 can either be sealed or diverted to the segregated HC into FSCM PVT bottle 220 so that the FLVC may be reused as a segregation chamber, or filled with filtrate, to be used on a subsequent station as a source fluid used to set the FCRF.
  • the chamber can either be closed and the sampled HC is secured, or the captured HC can be diverted to one or more smaller (PVT) bottles in the upper FSCM shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B.
  • PVT smaller
  • the segregated gas is pulled from the FLVC by the upper FNFM on line 2 and directed to the upper FSCM where it can be captured using regular drive sampling techniques.
  • the HC from the segregation chamber can be diverted to an FSCM PVT bottle by pressurizing the FLVC and diverting the HC to an FSCM bottle under its own pressure.
  • the advantage of the scenario is that the HC can be sampled on line 1 and no additional FSCM required.
  • line 1 702 shows the path from the FLVC 704 to the FSCM sample bottle 706. If sufficient pressure is applied to the FLVC 704 during filling, the HC can flow from the FLVC 704 to the FSCM 706 under its “own” pressure.
  • certain parameters may be changed or altered. This may include, but not be limited to the following:
  • inlets or combinations of inlets, can be used.
  • the focused radial probe could be changed to a focused single probe or a single-inlet or dualinlet dual-packer.
  • the position of the FISO module can change.
  • Continuous flowline segregation can start either with the FLVC already filled with a fluid, or with the FLVC empty.
  • the chamber can be pre-filled with water from the surface or filled with fluid from a previous station, and this chamber fluid can be used to inflate the probe, radial probe, or dual-packer on a subsequent station.
  • FNFMs can be surface configured with different routing plugs.
  • FIG. 8A Sample down configurations are also possible with continuous segregation indicated in FIG. 8A and subsequent HC diversion to an FSCM bottle in FIG. 8B.
  • FIG. 8B is a mirrored image of FIG. 8A.
  • the method 900 may comprise, at 902, lowering a sampling tool into a wellbore in a geological stratum.
  • the method may further comprise, at 904, actuating a pump within the sampling tool to draw a volume of fluid from the geological stratum.
  • the method may further comprise, at 906, transporting the volume of fluid to a segregation chamber within the sampling tool.
  • the method may further comprise, at 908, segregating the volume of fluid into a hydrocarbon fraction and a second fraction.
  • the method may further comprise, at 910, removing the hydrocarbon fraction from the segregation chamber and storing the hydrocarbon fraction.
  • an arrangement for sampling downhole fluid may comprise a body having at least one sample inlet and at least one guard inlet.
  • the arrangement may also comprise a first line connected to the at least one sample inlet.
  • the arrangement may also comprise a second line connected to the at least one guard inlet.
  • the arrangement may also comprise a segregation chamber connected to the first line and the second line, wherein the segregation chamber is configured to separate hydrocarbon fluids from other downhole fluids.
  • the arrangement may be configured wherein the other downhole fluids include water-based muds or water-based mud filtrate.
  • the arrangement may be configured wherein the body has at least one pump arrangement, at least one multi-sampling module, at least one fluid analysis module, at least one large volume chamber, at least one focused radial probe, and at least one dual packer module.
  • the arrangement may be configured wherein the multi-sampling module includes pressure volume and temperature sampling bottles.
  • the arrangement may be configured wherein there are at least six sample bottles.
  • the arrangement may further comprise at least one routing plug configured to alter a flow of fluid within the body.
  • an arrangement for sampling downhole fluid is disclosed.
  • the arrangement may comprise a body having at least one sample inlet and at least one guard inlet.
  • the arrangement may further comprise a first line connected to the at least one sample inlet.
  • the arrangement may further comprise a second line connected to the at least one guard inlet.
  • the arrangement may further comprise a segregation chamber connected to the first line and the second line, wherein the segregation chamber is configured to separate hydrocarbon fluids from other downhole fluids.
  • the arrangement may further comprise at least one pump arrangement configured to draw the fluid from an exterior of the body through at least one of the at least one sample inlet and the at least one guard inlet
  • the arrangement may further comprise at least one sample bottle connected to the segregation chamber, the at least one sample bottle configured to store the sampled fluid at a defined pressure and temperature.
  • the arrangement may be configured wherein the defined pressure and temperature are environmental pressure and temperature on an outside surface of the body while in a wellbore.
  • the arrangement may be configured wherein the other downhole fluids are water-based muds or water-based mud filtrate.
  • the arrangement may be configured wherein the body has at least one fluid analysis module, at least one large volume chamber, at least one focused radial probe, and at least one dual packer module.
  • the arrangement may be configured wherein there are at least six sample bottles.
  • the arrangement may further comprise at least one routing plug configured to alter a flow of fluid within the body.
  • a method may be performed.
  • the method may comprise lowering a sampling tool into a wellbore in a geological stratum.
  • the method may further comprise actuating a pump within the sampling tool to draw a volume of fluid from the geological stratum.
  • the method may further comprise transporting the volume of fluid to a segregation chamber within the sampling tool.
  • the method may further comprise segregating the volume of fluid into a hydrocarbon fraction and a second fraction.
  • the method may further comprise removing the hydrocarbon fraction from the segregation chamber and storing the hydrocarbon fraction.
  • the method may be performed wherein the storing of the hydrocarbon fraction is in a bottle located within the tool.
  • the method may be performed wherein the drawing of the volume of fluid from the geological stratum is through at least one of a guard inlet and a sample inlet positioned in the sampling tool.
  • the method may be performed wherein the segregating of the volume of fluid is performed through action of gravity.

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Abstract

Embodiments presented provide for an arrangement for sampling fluids from a downhole environment. In specific embodiments, the arrangements provided prevent mixing of hydrocarbon fluids with mud filtrates that may be present in the geological stratum. In one embodiment an arrangement for sampling downhole fluid includes a body having at least one sample inlet and at least one guard inlet, a first line connected to the at least one sample inlet, a second line connected to the at least one guard inlet, and a segregation chamber connected to the first line and the second line, where the segregation chamber is configured to separate hydrocarbon fluids from other downhole fluids.

Description

SEGREGATION CHAMBER FOR DOWNHOLE FLUID RETENTION AND TESTING
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of Chinese Patent Application No.
202311776221 .3 filed December 21 , 2023.
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0002] Aspects of the disclosure relate to obtaining fluid samples and testing those samples from a downhole environment. More specifically, aspects of the disclosure relate to a segregation chamber for downhole fluid retention and testing that allows sampling hydrocarbons to be segregated from water-based mud filtrate and other materials.
BACKGROUND
[0003] When sampling hydrocarbons (HC) from a reservoir with a formation tester, it can be difficult to separate the invaded mud filtrate from the native reservoir fluids. Focused sampling techniques exist to help speed up this clean up, but focused sampling only works when native fluids flow in sufficient quantities to separate the native fluid from the filtrate.
[0004] Particularly in water-based mud (WBM) environments and in reservoirs with deep invasion or transition zones, where native HC flow in small quantities, there is a need for a structure to help the segregation of fluids. There is a need for a structure where a mixture of HC and WBM filtrate can be pumped, to allow sampled hydrocarbons to float to the top and WBM filtrates to sink down.
[0005] There is a need to provide apparatus and methods that are easy to operate and provide a separation capability.
[0006] There is a further need to provide apparatus and methods that do not have the drawbacks discussed above, namely sample chambers that allow for the mixing of hydrocarbons and water-based mud materials. [0007] There is a still further need to reduce economic costs associated with operations and apparatus, described above, with conventional tools for sampling of downhole hydrocarbons.
SUMMARY
[0008] So that the manner in which the above recited features of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the disclosure, briefly summarized below, may be had by reference to embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the drawings. It is to be noted that the drawings illustrate only typical embodiments of this disclosure and are; therefore, not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the disclosure may admit to other equally effective embodiments without specific recitation. Accordingly, the following summary provides just a few aspects of the description and should not be used to limit the described embodiments to a single concept.
[0009] In one embodiment, an arrangement for sampling downhole fluid is disclosed. The arrangement may comprise a body having at least one sample inlet and at least one guard inlet. The arrangement may also comprise a first line connected to the at least one sample inlet. The arrangement may also comprise a second line connected to the at least one guard inlet. The arrangement may also comprise a segregation chamber connected to the first line and the second line, wherein the segregation chamber is configured to separate hydrocarbon fluids from other downhole fluids.
[0010] In another example embodiment, an arrangement for sampling downhole fluid is disclosed. The arrangement may comprise a body having at least one sample inlet and at least one guard inlet. The arrangement may further comprise a first line connected to the at least one sample inlet. The arrangement may further comprise a second line connected to the at least one guard inlet. The arrangement may further comprise a segregation chamber connected to the first line and the second line, wherein the segregation chamber is configured to separate hydrocarbon fluids from other downhole fluids. The arrangement may further comprise at least one pump arrangement configured to draw the fluid from an exterior of the body through at least one of the at least one sample inlet and the at least one guard inlet. The arrangement may further comprise at least one sample bottle connected to the segregation chamber, the at least one sample bottle configured to store the sampled fluid at a defined pressure and temperature.
[0011] In another example embodiment, a method may be performed. The method may comprise lowering a sampling tool into a wellbore in a geological stratum. The method may further comprise actuating a pump within the sampling tool to draw a volume of fluid from the geological stratum. The method may further comprise transporting the volume of fluid to a segregation chamber within the sampling tool. The method may further comprise segregating the volume of fluid into a hydrocarbon fraction and a second fraction. The method may further comprise removing the hydrocarbon fraction from the segregation chamber and storing the hydrocarbon fraction.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] So that the manner in which the above recited features of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, a more particular description of the disclosure, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to embodiments, some of which are illustrated in the drawings. It is to be noted; however, that the appended drawings illustrate only typical embodiments of this disclosure and are therefore not be considered limiting of its scope, for the disclosure may admit to other equally effective embodiments.
[0013] FIG. 1 is a focused sampling arrangement, in one example embodiment of the disclosure.
[0014] FIG. 2 illustrates the filling of a sample bottle after continuous segregation accomplished with focused sampling. [0015] FIG. 3 illustrates focused sampling with the sample line fluid flowing through a continuous segregation chamber and with water being routed to the borehole.
[0016] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the sampling apparatus of FIG. 1 , when after continuous segregation with focused sampling, the hydrocarbons captured can be used to fill a sample bottle.
[0017] FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of the sampling apparatus of FIG. 1 , where unfocused sampling is conducted and flow is comingled from both a sample and guard line.
[0018] FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the sampling apparatus of FIG. 1 , where unfocused sampling is conducted and flow is only from a sample line.
[0019] FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view of the sampling apparatus of FIG. 1 , with a comingled flow scenario.
[0020] FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of the sampling apparatus of FIG. 1 , where unfocused sampling is conducted and flow is only from a sample line.
[0021] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the sampling apparatus of FIG. 1 , showing a path where hydrocarbons will flow under existing pressure.
[0022] FIG. 8A is cross-sectional view of the sample apparatus of FIG. 1 , with a continuous segregated sample chamber used during fluid blockage.
[0023] FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view of the sampling apparatus of FIG. 1 , wherein a diverted, continuous, segregated, sample chamber fluid is looped to a comingle valve.
[0024] FIG. 9 is a method for sampling in one example embodiment of the disclosure. [0025] To facilitate understanding, identical reference numerals have been used, where possible, to designate identical elements that are common to the figures (“FIGS”). It is contemplated that elements disclosed in one embodiment may be beneficially utilized on other embodiments without specific recitation.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] In the following, reference is made to embodiments of the disclosure. It should be understood; however, that the disclosure is not limited to specific described embodiments. Instead, any combination of the following features and elements, whether related to different embodiments or not, is contemplated to implement and practice the disclosure. Furthermore, although embodiments of the disclosure may achieve advantages over other possible solutions and/or over the prior art, whether or not a particular advantage is achieved by a given embodiment is not limiting of the disclosure. Thus, the following aspects, features, embodiments and advantages are merely illustrative and are not considered elements or limitations of the claims except where explicitly recited in a claim. Likewise, reference to “the disclosure” shall not be construed as a generalization of inventive subject matter disclosed herein and should not be considered to be an element or limitation of the claims except where explicitly recited in a claim.
[0027] Although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, components, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as “first”, “second” and other numerical terms, when used herein, do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed herein could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments. [0028] When an element or layer is referred to as being “on,” “engaged to,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it may be directly on, engaged, connected, coupled to the other element or layer, or interleaving elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly on,” “directly engaged to,” “directly connected to,” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there may be no interleaving elements or layers present. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a like fashion. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed terms.
[0029] Some embodiments will be described with reference to the figures. Like elements in the various figures will be referenced with like numbers for consistency. In the following description, numerous details are set forth to provide an understanding of various embodiments and/or features. It will be understood, however, by those skilled in the art, that some embodiments may be practiced without many of these details, and that numerous variations or modifications from the described embodiments are possible. As used herein, the terms “above” and “below”, “up” and “down”, “upper” and “lower”, “upwardly” and “downwardly”, and other like terms indicating relative positions above or below a given point are used in this description to more clearly describe certain embodiments.
[0030] Aspects of methods described may be included onto a non-volatile memory system. For definitional purposes, a non-volatile memory system may be a memory system that does not wipe clean after termination of electrical power to the system. Examples of non-volatile memory systems may be compact disks, solid-state drives, and universal serial bus devices. These memory systems may be used to store program executable method steps for a computer, server, or computing arrangement.
[0031] Embodiments of the disclosure describe hardware and workflows for a continuous segregation chamber, where HC and WBM filtrate are continuously pumped through a formation tester segregation chamber and where the lighter HC phase is allowed to segregate into the chamber, while the heavier WBM filtrate phase is removed from the chamber until the segregation chamber is filled with (mainly) HC. Once sufficient HC has accumulated in the chamber, it can either be diverted to smaller PVT bottles, or the full chamber can be sealed and retrieved to the surface with the formation tester toolstring.
[0032] Several different tool configurations and workflows are presented. Aspects of the disclosure are written with the objective of capturing HC in a WBM environment, but the technique can be used for any two (or more) phase flow scenarios.
[0033] In one embodiment of the disclosure, a formation testing platform with a large volume chamber is used. The chamber can be configured as either a 5, 10, or 25 L chamber with four active seal valves and several surface configurable valves as nonlimiting embodiments. This flexibility allows the chamber to have several different functions. For example, the chamber can be filled with clean water to inflate a radial probe or dual packer, or to inject fluid into a fracture. Alternatively, the chamber can be used to capture samples or used as a segregation chamber. In some configurations, a combination of some or all of the functions is possible. Aspects of the disclosure describe the hardware and workflow to use components as a continuous segregation chamber.
[0034] Several different segregation chamber configurations and workflows are described in this section.
Terminology:
FNFM - pump
FSCM - Multi sampling module with six pressure volume temperature bottles
FISO - Fluid analysis module
FLVC - Large volume chamber
FCRF - Focused radial probe FCII - Dual-packer module
Configuration A: FLVC as a continuous segregation chamber - focused sampling
[0035] FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic for the use of a continuous segregation chamber during focused sampling with a FCRF. In this configuration, a HC-filtrate mixture from the FCRF sample line inlet 102 is pumped on line 104 and directed into the segregation chamber 100. Once the chamber 100 is full, the heavier phase (filtrate) will be forced through chamber valve 2 106 which is routed back to line 104, above the closed flowline 1 valve 108. Monitoring line 1 111 with FISO shows pure filtrate on line 104 when the continuous segregation chamber 100 is segregating out the HC. Once the segregation chamber 100 is filled with HC, the FISO will start showing a mixture of HC & filtrate again. At this time, the FLVC chamber valves 110 can be closed and the HC sample is captured.
[0036] Note that in this scenario the water line 140 is routed to line 113, below the flowline valve for the guard line 113.. The water line 140 will be at borehole pressure and the FLVC filling is driven by the line 130 FNFM. Chamber valve 106 can be optionally kept closed until the chamber 100 is full. Once full, the chamber valve 106 can be opened to start the continuous segregation process (requiting flow through the chamber).
[0037] Note that variations in sequences are possible, such as closing the FSCM sample valve instead of the FLVC line 1 valve.
[0038] Once the FLVC contains sufficient HC, the chamber 100 can be sealed. It may be preferred; however, to divert the segregated HC into FSCM PVT bottle 150 so that the FLVC may be re-used as a segregation chamber, or filled with filtrate, to be used on a subsequent station as a source fluid to set the FCRF.
[0039] To divert the FLVC HC into an FSCM PVT bottle 150, the valve positions are changed to the positions indicated in FIG. 2. The lower FNFM 130 is now used to pump fluid up the line into the FLVC water line, forcing the piston down and pushing the captured HC through chamber valve 106, into line 104. In embodiments, the FISO 165 is used to monitor the time that pure segregated HC is observed and at this time the FSCM bottle 150 is opened, and a sample is captured.
Configuration B: FLVC as a continuous segregation chamber - focused sampling using line 2 as exit port
[0040] A second configuration of the disclosure is presented in FIG. 3. FIG. 3 shows the schematic for use of the continuous segregation chamber during focused sampling with an FCRF. A HC-filtrate mixture from the FCRF sample line inlet 202 is pumped to line 204 and directed into the segregation chamber 200. Once the chamber 200 is full (or earlier) chamber valve 206 is opened, and the heavier phase WBM filtrate will be forced from chamber valve 206 to flowline 208, where it will mix with the guard fluid 210 that is already being pumped on line 212. Monitoring line 214 with FISO shows pure filtrate flowing when the continuous segregation chamber 200 is segregating out the HC. Once the segregation chamber is filled with HC, FISO shows a mixture of HC & filtrate on line 212 again. At this time, the FLVC chamber valves 206 can be closed and the HC sample is captured. Note that the segregation chamber flow direction can also be changed with fluid entering on line 212 (chamber valve 2 206) and exiting on line 208 (chamber valve 206). This would require the flowline valve positions to be reversed.
[0041] Once the FLVC contains sufficient HC, the chamber 200 can either be sealed or diverted to the segregated HC into FSCM PVT bottle 220 so that the FLVC may be reused as a segregation chamber, or filled with filtrate, to be used on a subsequent station as a source fluid used to set the FCRF.
[0042] To divert the FLVC HC into an FSCM PVT bottle 220, fluid will be drawn, as indicated in FIG. 4, down line 224, through the FCRF comingle valve 175, up line 1 to the FSCM bottle 220. The FCRF interval valves will be closed and the comingle valve open 175 . The FLVC line 1 240 valve is open, and line 2 valve 242 is closed. Note that either the upper FSCM can be used in up mode or the lower FSCM is used in down mode. In case there is some WBM filtrate in the FLVC, this would flow from the FLVC first. FISO line 1 250 would be monitored to detect the transition from WBM filtrate to HC, after which flushing and sampling can commence. Configuration C: FLVC as a continuous segregation chamber - unfocused sampling [0043] A third configuration for a continuous segregation chamber is illustrated in FIGS. 5A and 5B. FIG. 5B shows how fluid is flowing from the FCRF sample line 502 and is pushed into the FLVC on line 1 504 with the lower FNFM configured with a routing plug. On line 2 506 fluid is pulled from the FLVC by the upper FNFM 508 configured with a X- routing plug. In this case the chamber is, e.g. 5 L. The FLVC can either be filled initially, followed a second step where the rate into the chamber with the HC-filtrate mixture is the same as the rate out, or alternatively, the rate into the chamber can be higher than the rate out of the chamber. The difference in rate should be close to the expected HC-cut, so that the volume added to the chamber is mainly HC. The fluid flowing on line 2 is monitored with FISO, confirming that no gas is flowing from the chamber.
[0044] FIG. 5A shows a similar set up 500, but with a different FLVC configuration that allows comingled sampling during use of the continuous segregation chamber.
[0045] Once the segregation chamber contains sufficient HC, the chamber can either be closed and the sampled HC is secured, or the captured HC can be diverted to one or more smaller (PVT) bottles in the upper FSCM shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B.
[0046] Note that if any WBM filtrate remains in the bottle, this can be pumped from the FLVC with the lower FNFM after changing the operating mode from pump-up to pumpdown, or with the upper FNFM on line 2. In this configuration, using line 2 has the advantage that flow is directed upwards through the FISO for detection.
[0047] Next, the segregated gas is pulled from the FLVC by the upper FNFM on line 2 and directed to the upper FSCM where it can be captured using regular drive sampling techniques.
[0048] Alternatively, the HC from the segregation chamber can be diverted to an FSCM PVT bottle by pressurizing the FLVC and diverting the HC to an FSCM bottle under its own pressure. The advantage of the scenario is that the HC can be sampled on line 1 and no additional FSCM required. [0049] Referring to FIG. 7, line 1 702 shows the path from the FLVC 704 to the FSCM sample bottle 706. If sufficient pressure is applied to the FLVC 704 during filling, the HC can flow from the FLVC 704 to the FSCM 706 under its “own” pressure.
[0050] However, this method is not preferred because the heavier phase will always be forced from the segregation chamber first, and every time the chamber is re-pressurized by the pump, new filtrate will likely enter the chamber.
[0051] In embodiments, certain parameters may be changed or altered. This may include, but not be limited to the following:
1. Other inlets, or combinations of inlets, can be used. For example, the focused radial probe could be changed to a focused single probe or a single-inlet or dualinlet dual-packer.
2. The position of the FISO module can change.
3. Continuous flowline segregation can start either with the FLVC already filled with a fluid, or with the FLVC empty.
4. In configurations above, the chamber can be pre-filled with water from the surface or filled with fluid from a previous station, and this chamber fluid can be used to inflate the probe, radial probe, or dual-packer on a subsequent station.
5. FNFMs can be surface configured with different routing plugs.
6. FSCM sample bottle carrier positions can be changed.
7. Sample down configurations are also possible with continuous segregation indicated in FIG. 8A and subsequent HC diversion to an FSCM bottle in FIG. 8B. FIG. 8B is a mirrored image of FIG. 8A.
[0052] Referring to FIG. 9, a non-limiting method 900 for performing sampling with a downhole tool is presented. The method 900 may comprise, at 902, lowering a sampling tool into a wellbore in a geological stratum. The method may further comprise, at 904, actuating a pump within the sampling tool to draw a volume of fluid from the geological stratum. The method may further comprise, at 906, transporting the volume of fluid to a segregation chamber within the sampling tool. The method may further comprise, at 908, segregating the volume of fluid into a hydrocarbon fraction and a second fraction. The method may further comprise, at 910, removing the hydrocarbon fraction from the segregation chamber and storing the hydrocarbon fraction.
[0053] Example embodiments of the claims are presented next. The embodiments described should not be considered limiting of the inventive concepts described. In one embodiment, an arrangement for sampling downhole fluid is disclosed. The arrangement may comprise a body having at least one sample inlet and at least one guard inlet. The arrangement may also comprise a first line connected to the at least one sample inlet. The arrangement may also comprise a second line connected to the at least one guard inlet. The arrangement may also comprise a segregation chamber connected to the first line and the second line, wherein the segregation chamber is configured to separate hydrocarbon fluids from other downhole fluids.
[0054] In another example embodiment, the arrangement may be configured wherein the other downhole fluids include water-based muds or water-based mud filtrate.
[0055] In another example embodiment, the arrangement may be configured wherein the body has at least one pump arrangement, at least one multi-sampling module, at least one fluid analysis module, at least one large volume chamber, at least one focused radial probe, and at least one dual packer module.
[0056] In another example embodiment, the arrangement may be configured wherein the multi-sampling module includes pressure volume and temperature sampling bottles.
[0057] In another example embodiment, the arrangement may be configured wherein there are at least six sample bottles.
[0058] In another example embodiment, the arrangement may further comprise at least one routing plug configured to alter a flow of fluid within the body. [0059] In another example embodiment, an arrangement for sampling downhole fluid is disclosed. The arrangement may comprise a body having at least one sample inlet and at least one guard inlet. The arrangement may further comprise a first line connected to the at least one sample inlet. The arrangement may further comprise a second line connected to the at least one guard inlet. The arrangement may further comprise a segregation chamber connected to the first line and the second line, wherein the segregation chamber is configured to separate hydrocarbon fluids from other downhole fluids. The arrangement may further comprise at least one pump arrangement configured to draw the fluid from an exterior of the body through at least one of the at least one sample inlet and the at least one guard inlet The arrangement may further comprise at least one sample bottle connected to the segregation chamber, the at least one sample bottle configured to store the sampled fluid at a defined pressure and temperature.
[0060] In another example embodiment, the arrangement may be configured wherein the defined pressure and temperature are environmental pressure and temperature on an outside surface of the body while in a wellbore.
[0061] In another example embodiment, the arrangement may be configured wherein the other downhole fluids are water-based muds or water-based mud filtrate.
[0062] In another example embodiment, the arrangement may be configured wherein the body has at least one fluid analysis module, at least one large volume chamber, at least one focused radial probe, and at least one dual packer module.
[0063] In another example embodiment, the arrangement may be configured wherein there are at least six sample bottles.
[0064] In another example embodiment, the arrangement may further comprise at least one routing plug configured to alter a flow of fluid within the body.
[0065] In another example embodiment, a method may be performed. The method may comprise lowering a sampling tool into a wellbore in a geological stratum. The method may further comprise actuating a pump within the sampling tool to draw a volume of fluid from the geological stratum. The method may further comprise transporting the volume of fluid to a segregation chamber within the sampling tool. The method may further comprise segregating the volume of fluid into a hydrocarbon fraction and a second fraction. The method may further comprise removing the hydrocarbon fraction from the segregation chamber and storing the hydrocarbon fraction.
[0066] In another example embodiment, the method may be performed wherein the storing of the hydrocarbon fraction is in a bottle located within the tool.
[0067] In another example embodiment, the method may be performed wherein the drawing of the volume of fluid from the geological stratum is through at least one of a guard inlet and a sample inlet positioned in the sampling tool.
[0068] In another example embodiment, the method may be performed wherein the segregating of the volume of fluid is performed through action of gravity.
[0069] The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure. Individual elements or features of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, where applicable, are interchangeable and can be used in a selected embodiment, even if not specifically shown or described. The same may be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the disclosure, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the disclosure.
[0070] While embodiments have been described herein, those skilled in the art, having benefit of this disclosure, will appreciate that other embodiments are envisioned that do not depart from the inventive scope. Accordingly, the scope of the present claims or any subsequent claims shall not be unduly limited by the description of the embodiments described herein.

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:
1 . An arrangement for sampling downhole fluid, comprising: a body having at least one sample inlet and at least one guard inlet; a first line connected to the at least one sample inlet; a second line connected to the at least one guard inlet; and a segregation chamber connected to the first line and the second line, wherein the segregation chamber is configured to separate hydrocarbon fluids from other downhole fluids.
2. The arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the other downhole fluids include water-based muds or mud filtrate.
3. The arrangement according to claim 1 , wherein the body has at least one pump arrangement, at least one multi-sampling module, at least one fluid analysis module, at least one large volume chamber, at least one focused radial probe, and at least one dual packer module.
4. The arrangement according to claim 3, wherein the multi-sampling module includes pressure volume and temperature sampling bottles.
5. The arrangement according to claim 4, wherein there are at least six sample bottles.
6. The arrangement according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one routing plug configured to alter a flow of fluid within the body.
7. An arrangement for sampling downhole fluid, comprising: a body having at least one sample inlet and at least one guard inlet; a first line connected to the at least one sample inlet; a second line connected to the at least one guard inlet; a segregation chamber connected to the first line and the second line, wherein the segregation chamber is configured to separate hydrocarbon fluids from other downhole fluids; at least one pump arrangement configured to draw the fluid from an exterior of the body through at least one of the at least one sample inlet and the at least one guard inlet; and at least one sample bottle connected to the segregation chamber, the at least one sample bottle configured to store the sampled fluid at a defined pressure and temperature.
8. The arrangement according to claim 7, wherein the defined pressure and temperature are environmental pressure and temperature on an outside surface of the body while in a wellbore.
9. The arrangement according to claim 7, wherein the other downhole fluids are water-based muds or mud filtrate.
10. The arrangement according to claim 7, wherein the body has at least one fluid analysis module, at least one large volume chamber, at least one focused radial probe, and at least one dual packer module.
11 . The arrangement according to claim 7, wherein there are at least six sample bottles.
12. The arrangement according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one routing plug configured to alter a flow of fluid within the body.
13. A method, comprising: lowering a sampling tool into a wellbore in a geological stratum; actuating a pump within the sampling tool to draw a volume of fluid from the geological stratum; transporting the volume of fluid to a segregation chamber within the sampling tool; segregating the volume of fluid into a hydrocarbon fraction and a second fraction; and removing the hydrocarbon fraction from the segregation chamber and storing the hydrocarbon fraction.
14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the storing of the hydrocarbon fraction is in a bottle located within the tool.
15. The method according to claim 13, wherein the drawing of the volume of fluid from the geological stratum is through at least one of a guard inlet and a sample inlet positioned in the sampling tool.
16. The method according to claim 13, wherein the segregating of the volume of fluid is performed through action of gravity.
17. The method as illustrated and described.
18. The apparatus as illustrated and described.
PCT/US2024/059488 2023-12-21 2024-12-11 Segregation chamber for downhole fluid retention and testing Pending WO2025136755A1 (en)

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