WO2025112503A1 - 悬浮成像装置及终端设备 - Google Patents

悬浮成像装置及终端设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025112503A1
WO2025112503A1 PCT/CN2024/101683 CN2024101683W WO2025112503A1 WO 2025112503 A1 WO2025112503 A1 WO 2025112503A1 CN 2024101683 W CN2024101683 W CN 2024101683W WO 2025112503 A1 WO2025112503 A1 WO 2025112503A1
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Prior art keywords
light
semi
retroreflective
reflective
optical path
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PCT/CN2024/101683
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张桂洋
叶鑫林
何瑞
查国伟
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Wuhan China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2025112503A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025112503A1/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/50—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a three-dimensional [3D] volume, e.g. voxels
    • G02B30/56—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a three-dimensional [3D] volume, e.g. voxels by projecting aerial or floating images

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a suspended imaging device and a terminal equipment.
  • Suspended display technology has been gradually promoted and used in recent years. It can display images in the air without the need for a medium, which has also attracted more and more attention and pursuit from the public.
  • the transmitted light does not participate in the suspended imaging, while the reflected light enters the retro-reflective element and returns along the original path, and after passing through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective beam splitter again, it converges in the air to form a suspended image.
  • the retro-reflective element will generate large-angle stray light in the process of returning the light along the original path, resulting in a decrease in the clarity of the displayed image and affecting the imaging quality.
  • the embodiments of the present application are intended to solve the problem in the related art that suspended imaging has large-angle stray light, which affects the imaging quality.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a suspended imaging device, comprising: a display light source, a semi-transparent and semi-reflective element, and a retroreflective component.
  • the display light source is used to emit light; the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element is located on the light output path of the display light source.
  • the light-controlling element has a focal length
  • a first light ray is emitted from the center of the display light source
  • the first light ray is emitted from the display light source to the center of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element through a first optical path
  • the first light ray is reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element to reach the light-controlling element and through a second optical path
  • the focal length is equal to the sum of the first optical path and the second optical path.
  • the light-controlling element has a focal length
  • a first light ray is emitted from the center of the display light source
  • the first light ray is emitted from the display light source to the center of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element through a first optical path
  • the first light ray is transmitted through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element and reaches the light-controlling element through a third optical path
  • the focal length is equal to the sum of the first optical path and the third optical path.
  • the light-controlling element includes a plurality of light-controlling units
  • the retroreflective element includes a plurality of retroreflective units
  • the plurality of light-controlling units correspond one-to-one to the plurality of retroreflective units.
  • the light control unit is a convex lens.
  • a surface of the convex lens on one side close to the retroreflective element is flat.
  • the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective element is a reflective polarizing element;
  • the light emitted by the display light source is linearly polarized light, the polarization axis direction of the reflective polarizing element is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the light, the reflective polarizing element is used to reflect the light onto the retroreflective component, the retroreflective component is used to receive the light reflected by the reflective polarizing element and change the polarization direction of the light, and then emit the light with changed polarization direction back to the reflective polarizing element; the reflective polarizing element is used to receive the light with changed polarization direction, and transmit the light with changed polarization direction to form the object image.
  • the display light source includes a light source assembly and a polarizer
  • the polarizer is located on the light emitting side of the light source assembly
  • the polarization direction of the polarizer is perpendicular to the polarization axis direction of the reflective polarizing element.
  • the retroreflective assembly further comprises a quarter wave plate, wherein the quarter wave plate is located between the retroreflective element and the light control element.
  • a first dielectric layer is disposed on a side of the light-controlling element away from the quarter-wave plate, the first dielectric layer is disposed around the light-controlling element, and a difference between the refractive index of the light-controlling element and the refractive index of the first dielectric layer is greater than 0.1.
  • the retroreflective component further includes a quarter wave plate, and the quarter wave plate is located on a side of the light-control element away from the retroreflective element.
  • a second dielectric layer is disposed on a side of the light-controlling element away from the retroreflective element, the second dielectric layer is disposed around the light-controlling element, and a difference between the refractive index of the light-controlling element and the refractive index of the second dielectric layer is greater than 0.1.
  • a first angle is defined between the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective element and the display light source, and the first angle is between 30° and 80°.
  • the first angle is 45°.
  • a second angle is defined between the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective element and the retroreflective component, and the second angle is equal to the first angle.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal device, which includes a suspended imaging device, and the suspended imaging device includes: a display light source, a semi-transparent and semi-reflective element, and a retroreflective component.
  • the display light source is used to emit light; and the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element is located on the light output path of the display light source.
  • the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element is used to direct the light from the display light source toward the retroreflective component in a first manner, and to direct the light from the retroreflective component toward the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element in a second manner to form an object image, the first manner being one of reflection or transmission, and the second manner being the other of reflection or transmission;
  • the retroreflective component is used to retroreflect the light emitted from the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element and direct it toward the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element;
  • the retroreflective component includes retroreflective elements and light-controlling elements which are sequentially arranged along the direction in which the light is directed toward the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element, the light-controlling element being used to direct the light directed from the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element toward the retroreflective component toward the retroreflective element in a direction parallel to the optical axis of the light-controlling element, and the retro
  • the light-controlling element has a focal length
  • a first light ray is emitted from the center of the display light source
  • the first light ray is emitted from the display light source to the center of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element through a first optical path
  • the first light ray is reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element to reach the light-controlling element and through a second optical path
  • the focal length is equal to the sum of the first optical path and the second optical path.
  • the light-controlling element has a focal length
  • a first light ray is emitted from the center of the display light source
  • the first light ray is emitted from the display light source to the center of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element through a first optical path
  • the first light ray is transmitted through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element and reaches the light-controlling element through a third optical path
  • the focal length is equal to the sum of the first optical path and the third optical path.
  • the light-controlling element includes a plurality of light-controlling units
  • the retroreflective element includes a plurality of retroreflective units
  • the plurality of light-controlling units correspond one-to-one to the plurality of retroreflective units.
  • the light control unit is a convex lens.
  • a surface of the convex lens on one side close to the retroreflective element is flat.
  • the light emitted from the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective element to the retroreflective component is emitted in a direction parallel to the optical axis of the light control element after being adjusted by the light control element.
  • the light control element has a good convergence effect on the light emitted from the retroreflective element to the light control element. Due to the setting of the light control element, the stray light originally diffused around the imaging point can be more concentrated to the imaging point position, which can improve the imaging brightness and reduce the intensity of interference caused by the stray light.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an imaging optical path of a suspended imaging device in the related art
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a suspended imaging device provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a suspended imaging device provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the optical path principle of the suspended imaging device provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an imaging optical path of a suspended imaging device provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of imaging results of a suspended imaging device provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a suspended imaging device provided by yet other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a suspended imaging device provided by yet other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a retroreflective assembly provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a retroreflective assembly provided in some other embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device provided in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the suspended imaging device in the related technology is usually presented in the following way.
  • the transmitted light does not participate in the suspended imaging, and the reflected light enters the retroreflective element and returns to the original path.
  • the retroreflective element After passing through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective beam splitter again, it will converge in the air to form a suspended image.
  • the retroreflective element will generate large-angle stray light in the process of returning the light to the original path, as shown in Figure 1, resulting in a decrease in the clarity of the displayed image and affecting the imaging quality.
  • the suspended imaging device 100 includes a display light source 10 , a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective element 20 , and a retroreflective component 30 .
  • the display light source 10 is used to emit light.
  • the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective element 20 is located on the light emitting path of the display light source 10 .
  • the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective element 20 is used to direct the light from the display light source 10 toward the retroreflective component 30 in a first manner, and to emit the light from the retroreflective component 30 toward the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective element 20 in a second manner (for example, into the air) to form an object image 101; wherein the first manner is one of reflection or transmission, and the second manner is the other of reflection or transmission.
  • the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20 may first reflect the light onto the retroreflective component 30 (as shown by the solid line with a solid arrow in FIG. 2 , the solid line is the light path of the light, and the solid arrow is the propagation direction of the light), and then transmit the light from the retroreflective component 30 toward the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20 into the air and form an object image 101 (as shown by the solid line with a dotted arrow in FIG. 2 , the solid line is the light path of the light, and the dotted arrow is the propagation direction of the light).
  • the display light source 10 and the retroreflective component 30 are both located on one side of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20, and the final object image 101 is formed on the other side of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20, which is conducive to the human eye 102 to view the object image 101 on the other side of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20 without obstruction.
  • the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20 may first transmit the light to the retroreflective component 30 (as shown by the solid line with an arrow starting from the display light source 10 and reaching the retroreflective component 30 in FIG3 , the solid line is the light path of the light, and the arrow is the propagation direction of the light), and then reflect the light from the retroreflective component 30 toward the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20 into the air and form an object image 101 (as shown by the solid line with a dotted arrow starting from the retroreflective component 30 and reaching the object image 101 in FIG3 , the solid line is the light path of the light, and the dotted arrow is the propagation direction of the light).
  • the retroreflective element 31 is used to retroreflect the light emitted from the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20 and emit the light toward the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20.
  • the retroreflective assembly 30 includes the retroreflective element 31 and the light-controlling element 32 which are sequentially arranged along the direction in which the light is emitted toward the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20. That is, in the process in which the retroreflective element 31 emits the light toward the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20, the light sequentially passes through the retroreflective element 31 and the light-controlling element 32 to be emitted. In this way, in the process in which the retroreflective element 31 receives the light emitted from the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20, the light first passes through the light-controlling element 32 and then enters the retroreflective element 31.
  • the retroreflective element 31 is a non-light-transmitting element, which can allow light emitted from the light source position to return to the light source position after passing through the retroreflective element 31 .
  • the light control element 32 is used to direct the light emitted from the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20 to the retroreflective component 30 toward the retroreflective element 31 along a direction parallel to the optical axis of the light control element 32
  • the retroreflective element 31 is used to direct the light emitted to the retroreflective component 30 toward the light control element 32 along a direction parallel to the optical axis of the light control element 32.
  • the light emitted from the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective element 20 to the retroreflective component 30 is emitted in a direction parallel to the optical axis of the light control element 32 after being adjusted by the light control element 32.
  • the light control element 32 has a good convergence effect on the light emitted from the retroreflective element 31 to the light control element 32.
  • the stray light originally diffused around the imaging point can be more concentrated to the imaging point position, which can improve the imaging brightness and reduce the intensity of interference caused by the stray light.
  • the first angle ⁇ is between 30° and 80°.
  • the light emitted by the display light source 10 can be reflected or refracted to a large extent by the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective element 20, so that the light of the display light source 10 is more fully utilized, thereby ensuring that the object image 101 finally formed by the display light source 10 has a higher display brightness.
  • the first angle ⁇ may be 30°, 80°, or any value in the range of 30° to 80°.
  • the first angle ⁇ is 45°.
  • the light emitted from the display light source 10 has a better concentration, and at the same time, the light emitted by the display light source 10 can be effectively reflected or refracted by the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective element 20, thereby ensuring that the final image 101 has a higher brightness.
  • a second angle ⁇ is formed between the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective element 20 and the retroreflective component 30 , and the second angle ⁇ is equal to the first angle ⁇ .
  • the second angle ⁇ is also 45°, so that the retroreflective component 30 can receive light from the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20 (for example, reflection) to a greater extent, thereby ensuring that the light emitted by the display light source 10 can pass through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20 and the retroreflective component 30 to a greater extent, and finally form a high-brightness object image 101.
  • the display surface of the display light source 10 and the surface of the retroreflective component 30 may have the same size, that is, the length and width of the display light source 10 may be respectively equal to the length and width of the retroreflective component 30.
  • the thickness of the display light source 10 may be the same as or different from the thickness of the retroreflective component 30.
  • the suspended imaging device 100 may further include a mounting frame, and the display light source 10, the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective element 20, and the retroreflective component 30 are respectively fixed at suitable positions on the mounting frame, so that the suspended imaging device 100 has greater stability.
  • the light control element 32 has a focal length F, and the center of the display light source 10 emits a first light beam, which passes through a first optical path D1 from the display light source 10 to the center of the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective element 20. That is, the distance between the center of the display light source 10 and the center of the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective element 20 is the first optical path D1.
  • the geometric center points of the display light source 10 and the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20 can be selected respectively. This can ensure the accuracy of the final result on the one hand, and also facilitate the measurement of the first optical path D1.
  • the first light is reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20 and reaches the light control element 32 and passes through the second optical path D2.
  • the focal length F is equal to the sum of the first optical path D1 and the second optical path D2. That is, the object distance (the distance from the starting point of the light to the optical center of the light control element 32) at this time is equal to the focal length.
  • the object distance and the image distance are also equal. This ensures that the light emitted from the display light source 10 can be converged to the image point to a large extent, thereby ensuring the imaging brightness.
  • due to the focusing effect of the light control element 32 it can effectively eliminate interfering light at large angles, reduce the diffuse light spot, and thus improve the imaging effect.
  • the optical path of the first light from the surface of the light control element 32 to the optical center of the light control element 32 is relatively short compared to the sum of the first optical path D1 and the second optical path D2. Therefore, in the process of measuring the object distance, usually only the first optical path D1 and the second optical path D2 are measured.
  • the focal length F may also be equal to the sum of the first optical distance D1 , the second optical distance D2 , and the optical distance of the first light from the surface of the light-controlling element 32 to the optical center thereof.
  • the first light ray is transmitted through the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20 and reaches the light control element 32 through the third optical path D3, and the focal length F is equal to the sum of the first optical path D1 and the third optical path D3. That is, the object distance at this time (the distance from the starting point of the light ray to the optical center of the light control element 32) is equal to the focal length.
  • the object distance and the image distance are also equal, which can ensure that the light emitted from the display light source 10 can be converged to the image point to a large extent, thereby ensuring the imaging brightness.
  • the focusing effect of the light control element 32 it can effectively eliminate interfering light at large angles, reduce the diffuse light spot, and thus improve the imaging effect.
  • the third optical path D3 is equal to the sum of the first sub-optical path d1 that the first light ray passes through in the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20 and the second sub-optical path d2 that the first light ray passes through after being transmitted from the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20 to reach the light-controlling element 32.
  • the first sub-optical path d1 accounts for a relatively small proportion, so in the process of measuring the object distance, only the first optical path D1 and the second sub-optical path d2 can be measured.
  • the focal length F can be equal to the sum of the first optical path D1 and the second sub-optical path d2.
  • the optical path of the first light from the surface of the light-controlling element 32 to the optical center of the light-controlling element 32 is relatively short. Therefore, the optical path of the first light from the surface of the light-controlling element 32 to the optical center of the light-controlling element 32 is not taken into account during the measurement of the object distance.
  • the focal length F may also be equal to the sum of the first optical distance D1 , the third optical distance D3 , and the optical distance of the first light from the surface of the light-controlling element 32 to the optical center of the light-controlling element 32 .
  • the focal length F is equal to the sum of the first optical length D1 and the second optical length D2 (or the sum of the first optical length D1 and the third optical length D3), and the values of the two may be absolutely equal, or the values of the two may be approximately equal.
  • the ratio of the difference between the two to the value of the focal length F is less than or equal to 10%, that is, for example, when the focal length F is 10 cm, the minimum object distance may be 9 cm, and the maximum object distance may be 11 cm.
  • the focal length F of the light control element 32 is between 3 cm and 50 cm, which is conducive to the arrangement of the positions of the display light source 10, the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective element 20 and the retroreflective component 30, while ensuring that the suspended imaging device 100 has a better imaging effect.
  • the retroreflective element 31 includes a plurality of retroreflective units 310
  • the light control element 32 includes a plurality of light control units 320.
  • the plurality of light control units 320 correspond one-to-one to the plurality of retroreflective units 310 (that is, each light control unit 320 is arranged corresponding to a retroreflective unit 310). In this way, the light incident from the direction of the light control unit 320 can be well regulated, so that the light spot of the final image is smaller and the brightness is higher, thereby improving the final imaging effect.
  • the plurality of retro-reflective units 310 may be arranged in an array.
  • the retroreflective unit is, for example, a micro triangular pyramid prism, through which the light irradiated onto the retroreflective element 31 can be returned along the original path with high regression, thereby facilitating improvement of imaging accuracy and image clarity.
  • the focal length F of the light control element 32 is consistent with the corresponding light control unit 320.
  • the focal length of the light control unit 320 is the focal length of the light control element 32.
  • the light control unit 320 is a convex lens.
  • a side surface of the light control unit 320 away from the corresponding retro-reflective unit 310 bulges toward a direction away from the retro-reflective unit 310 , thereby forming a convex surface of a convex lens.
  • a surface of one side of the light control unit 320 close to the retroreflective element 31 is a plane, which is convenient for manufacturing the light control unit 320 .
  • the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective element 20 is a reflective polarizing element 21.
  • the reflective polarizing element 21 is used to control the propagation direction of linear polarized light, and only allows one type of linear polarized light to pass through.
  • the reflective polarizing element 21 can be formed by laminating a plurality of functional film materials; or the reflective polarizing element 21 can also be a metal wire grid composed of a special microstructure.
  • the reflective polarizing element 21 may be disposed on the fixing plate 22 , and the fixing plate 22 and the reflective polarizing element 21 may be bonded together by a transparent adhesive, which is helpful in suppressing warping, curling, etc. of the reflective polarizing element 21 .
  • the fixing plate 22 may be a colorless transparent plate, and illustratively, it may be a plastic film such as acrylic film, polyester film, polycarbonate film, polyolefin film, or a glass plate such as alkali glass, quartz glass, chemically strengthened glass, or alumina glass.
  • the light emitted by the display light source 10 is linearly polarized light, and the polarization axis direction of the reflective polarizing element 21 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the light.
  • the linear polarized light emitted by the display light source 10 includes p-polarized light and s-polarized light.
  • p-polarized light if the polarization vector of a light is in a plane, it is called p-polarized light, and if the polarization vector of the light is perpendicular to the plane, it is called s-polarized light.
  • the polarization axis direction of the reflective polarizing element 21 When the polarization axis direction of the reflective polarizing element 21 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the p-polarized light, the p-polarized light emitted by the display light source 10 is reflected by the reflective polarizing element 21, while the s-polarized light is transmitted.
  • the polarization axis direction of the reflective polarizing element 21 is parallel to the polarization direction of the p-polarized light, the p-polarized light emitted by the display light source 10 is transmitted by the reflective polarizing element 21, while the s-polarized light is reflected.
  • the reflective polarizing element 21 is used to reflect the light (p-polarized light) emitted by the display light source 10 onto the retroreflective component 30.
  • the retroreflective component 30 is used to receive the light (p-polarized light) reflected by the reflective polarizing element 21 and change the polarization direction of the light, and then reflect the light (s-polarized light) with the changed polarization direction back to the reflective polarizing element 21.
  • the reflective polarizing element 21 is used to receive the light (s-polarized light) with the changed polarization direction, and transmit the light (s-polarized light) with the changed polarization direction to form an object image.
  • the display light source 10 includes a light source assembly 11 and a polarizer 12, wherein the polarizer 12 is located at the light emitting side of the light source assembly 11, and the polarization direction of the polarizer 12 is perpendicular to the polarization axis direction of the reflective polarizing element 21.
  • the light source assembly 11 is used to emit the above-mentioned linearly polarized light.
  • the polarization direction of the polarizer 12 is parallel to the polarization direction of the p-polarized light emitted by the light source assembly 11, and is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the s-polarized light emitted by the display light source 10. Therefore, among the linearly polarized light (including the p-polarized light and the s-polarized light) emitted by the light source assembly 11, only the p-polarized light can pass through the polarizer 12, while the s-polarized light cannot pass through the polarizer 12.
  • the light source assembly 11 may include an OLED or a micro LED (mini LED or micro LED) display device.
  • OLED organic light-emitting diode
  • micro LED micro LED
  • the light source assembly 11 is a micro LED display device, it is conducive to splicing a larger area, thereby realizing a large area of suspended imaging, which broadens its actual use scenarios.
  • the light source assembly 11 may also adopt an LCD display.
  • the retroreflective assembly 30 further includes a quarter wave plate 33 (ie, a 1 ⁇ 4 ⁇ wave plate).
  • the light reflected from the reflective polarizing element 21 passes through the light-controlling element 32 and the quarter-wave plate 33 of the retroreflective assembly 30 in sequence and reaches the retroreflective element 31, and then passes through the quarter-wave plate 33 and the light-controlling element 32 in sequence after the retroreflective effect of the retroreflective element 31 and reaches the reflective polarizing element 21.
  • the light passes through the quarter-wave plate 33 twice, and its polarization direction is also changed and the final polarization direction is the same as the polarization property of the reflective polarizing element 21, so that it is finally transmitted from the reflective polarizing element 21 into the air.
  • the light reflected from the reflective polarizing element 21 is, for example, p-polarized light, which becomes s-polarized light after passing through the quarter-wave plate 33 twice, so that it can finally be transmitted from the reflective polarizing element 21.
  • the quarter wave plate 33 is located between the retroreflective element 31 and the light-controlling element 32 .
  • a first dielectric layer 34 is disposed on a side of the light control element 32 away from the quarter wave plate 33 .
  • the first dielectric layer 34 is disposed around the light control element 32 .
  • the difference between the refractive index of the light control element 32 and the refractive index of the first dielectric layer 34 is greater than 0.1.
  • Such an arrangement enables a larger refractive index difference between the light-controlling element 32 and the first dielectric layer 34 , which is beneficial to improving the focusing effect of the light-controlling element 32 , thereby increasing the final brightness of the object image 101 and improving its imaging effect.
  • the first dielectric layer 34 may be air. Since the light control element 32 is located on the side of the quarter wave plate 33 away from the retroreflective element 31, it may be exposed to the air. At this time, it is only necessary to ensure that the difference between the refractive index of the material of the light control element 32 and the refractive index of air is greater than 0.1, which is conducive to the production of the retroreflective component.
  • the shape of the first dielectric layer 34 is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 9 , and it can be flexibly configured according to the selected material and actual needs, and the embodiment of the present disclosure does not impose any limitation thereto.
  • the quarter wave plate 33 is located on a side of the light control element 32 away from the retroreflective element 31 .
  • a second dielectric layer 35 is disposed on a side of the light control element 32 away from the retroreflective element 31 .
  • the second dielectric layer 35 is disposed around the light control element 32 .
  • the difference between the refractive index of the light control element 32 and the refractive index of the second dielectric layer 35 is greater than 0.1.
  • Such an arrangement enables a larger refractive index difference between the light-controlling element 32 and the second dielectric layer 35 , which is beneficial to improving the focusing effect of the light-controlling element 32 , thereby increasing the final brightness of the object image 101 and improving its imaging effect.
  • the second medium layer 35 may be a transparent adhesive layer, which may also play a bonding role, so that the connection stability between the light-controlling element 32 and the quarter-wave plate 33 is better.
  • Some embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a terminal device 200, which includes any of the above-mentioned suspended imaging devices 100 and a terminal device body.
  • the device body may include a frame, etc.
  • the terminal device 200 may be a vehicle, a VR or AR device, etc.
  • the display light source 10 when the terminal device 200 is a vehicle, the display light source 10, the semi-transparent and semi-reflective element 20, and the retroreflective component 30 in the suspended imaging device 100 are respectively fixed at the appropriate positions of the vehicle.
  • the object image 101 can be located outside the windshield of the vehicle, so that the object displayed by the display light source can be projected outside the windshield.
  • the display light source can be used to display information such as instruments or navigation maps, and the information is presented on the outside of the windshield through the suspended imaging device, and the user does not need to lower his head to check the instruments, thereby improving driving safety.
  • the object image 101 is the image finally formed by the above-mentioned suspended imaging device 100 by adjusting the light emitted by the display light source 10.
  • the object image 101 can be an image or a video.
  • the box marked with the object image 101 in the figure is only used to roughly mark the position of the object image 101, and does not limit the shape, actual position, etc. of the object image 101.
  • the human eye 102 drawn in the drawings ( FIGS. 2-3 and 7-8 ) mentioned in the embodiments of the present disclosure is only for illustration and does not limit the actual position of the human eye 102 .

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Abstract

悬浮成像装置（100）包括：显示光源（10）、半透半反元件（20）以及逆反射组件（30）。半透半反元件（20）用于将显示光源（10）的光线以第一方式射向逆反射组件（30）上，且将从逆反射组件（30）朝向半透半反元件（20）的光线以第二方式出射并形成物像，第一和第二方式为反射和透射的组合；逆反射组件（30）包括逆反射元件（31）和控光元件（32），控光元件（32）将射向逆反射组件（30）的光线沿平行于控光元件（32）的光轴的方向射向逆反射元件（31），再由逆反射元件（31）射向控光元件（32）。

Description

悬浮成像装置及终端设备 相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2023年12月01日提交的申请号为202311645970.2的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及显示技术领域，具体涉及一种悬浮成像装置及终端设备。
 背景技术
悬浮显示技术在近年来逐渐得到推广使用，其可以不需要介质便将图像画面显示在空气中，这也引发了大众越来越多的关注和追捧。
相关技术中，显示光源发出的光线经过半透半反分束器后，其透射的光线不参与悬浮成像，而其反射的光线进入逆反射元件后将原路返回，再次通过半透半反分束器后，会在空中会聚，形成悬浮的图像。但是逆反射元件在使得光线原路返回的过程中会产生大角度的杂散光，导致显示图像的清晰度下降，影响成像品质。
 发明概述
本申请的实施例旨在解决相关技术中悬浮成像具有大角度的杂散光，影响成像品质的问题。
一方面，本申请的实施例提供了一种悬浮成像装置，包括：显示光源、半透半反元件以及逆反射组件。其中，所述显示光源用于发射光线；所述半透半反元件位于所述显示光源的出光路径上。所述半透半反元件用于将来自所述显示光源的光线以第一方式射向所述逆反射组件上，且将从逆反射组件朝向所述半透半反元件的光线以第二方式出射并形成物像，所述第一方式为反射或者透射中的一种，所述第二方式为反射或者透射中的另一种；所述逆反射组件用于逆反射从所述半透半反元件射出的光线并射向所述半透半反元件；所述逆反射组件包括沿光线射向所述半透半反元件的方向依次设置的逆反射元件和控光元件，所述控光元件用于将从所述半透半反元件射向所述逆反射组件的光线沿平行于所述控光元件的光轴的方向射向所述逆反射元件，且所述逆反射元件用于将射向所述逆反射元件的光线沿平行于所述控光元件的光轴的方向射向所述控光元件。
在一些实施例中，所述控光元件具有焦距，所述显示光源的中心发射有第一光线，所述第一光线从所述显示光源射向所述半透半反元件的中心经过第一光程，所述第一光线经所述半透半反元件反射后到达所述控光元件并经过第二光程，所述焦距的大小等于所述第一光程和所述第二光程之和。
在一些实施例中，所述控光元件具有焦距，所述显示光源的中心发射有第一光线，所述第一光线从所述显示光源射向所述半透半反元件的中心经过第一光程，所述第一光线经所述半透半反元件透射并到达所述控光元件经过第三光程，所述焦距的大小等于所述第一光程和所述第三光程之和。
在一些实施例中，所述控光元件包括多个控光单元，所述逆反射元件包括多个逆反射单元，所述多个控光单元与所述多个逆反射单元一一对应。
在一些实施例中，所述控光单元为凸透镜。
在一些实施例中，所述凸透镜靠近所述逆反射元件的一侧表面为平面。
在一些实施例中，所述半透半反元件为反射偏振元件；所述显示光源发射的光线为线性偏振光，所述反射偏振元件的偏光轴方向与所述光线的偏振方向垂直，所述反射偏振元件用于将所述光线反射到所述逆反射组件上，所述逆反射组件用于接收所述反射偏振元件所反射的光线并改变所述光线的偏振方向，之后将偏振方向改变后的光线射回所述反射偏振元件上；所述反射偏振元件用于接收所述偏振方向改变后的光线，且将所述偏振方向改变后的光线透射出并形成所述物像。
在一些实施例中，所述显示光源包括光源组件和偏振片，所述偏振片位于所述光源组件的出光侧，所述偏振片的偏振方向与所述反射偏振元件的偏光轴方向垂直。
在一些实施例中，所述逆反射组件还包括四分之一波片，所述四分之一波片位于所述逆反射元件和所述控光元件之间。
在一些实施例中，所述控光元件远离所述四分之一波片一侧设有第一介质层，所述第一介质层围绕所述控光元件设置，所述控光元件的折射率与所述第一介质层的折射率差值大于0.1。
在一些实施例中，所述逆反射组件还包括四分之一波片，所述四分之一波片位于所述控光元件远离所述逆反射元件的一侧。
在一些实施例中，所述控光元件远离所述逆反射元件一侧设有第二介质层，所述第二介质层围绕所述控光元件设置，所述控光元件的折射率与所述第二介质层的折射率差值大于0.1。
在一些实施例中，所述半透半反元件与所述显示光源之间具有第一夹角，所述第一夹角位于30°~80°之间。
在一些实施例中，所述第一夹角为45°。
在一些实施例中，所述半透半反元件与所述逆反射组件之间具有第二夹角，所述第二夹角的大小与所述第一夹角的大小相等。
另一方面，本申请的实施例还提供了一种终端设备，该终端设备包括悬浮成像装置，悬浮成像装置包括：显示光源、半透半反元件以及逆反射组件。其中，所述显示光源用于发射光线；所述半透半反元件位于所述显示光源的出光路径上。所述半透半反元件用于将来自所述显示光源的光线以第一方式射向所述逆反射组件上，且将从逆反射组件朝向所述半透半反元件的光线以第二方式出射并形成物像，所述第一方式为反射或者透射中的一种，所述第二方式为反射或者透射中的另一种；所述逆反射组件用于逆反射从所述半透半反元件射出的光线并射向所述半透半反元件；所述逆反射组件包括沿光线射向所述半透半反元件的方向依次设置的逆反射元件和控光元件，所述控光元件用于将从所述半透半反元件射向所述逆反射组件的光线沿平行于所述控光元件的光轴的方向射向所述逆反射元件，且所述逆反射元件用于将射向所述逆反射元件的光线沿平行于所述控光元件的光轴的方向射向所述控光元件。
在一些实施例中，所述控光元件具有焦距，所述显示光源的中心发射有第一光线，所述第一光线从所述显示光源射向所述半透半反元件的中心经过第一光程，所述第一光线经所述半透半反元件反射后到达所述控光元件并经过第二光程，所述焦距的大小等于所述第一光程和所述第二光程之和。
在一些实施例中，所述控光元件具有焦距，所述显示光源的中心发射有第一光线，所述第一光线从所述显示光源射向所述半透半反元件的中心经过第一光程，所述第一光线经所述半透半反元件透射并到达所述控光元件经过第三光程，所述焦距的大小等于所述第一光程和所述第三光程之和。
在一些实施例中，所述控光元件包括多个控光单元，所述逆反射元件包括多个逆反射单元，所述多个控光单元与所述多个逆反射单元一一对应。
在一些实施例中，所述控光单元为凸透镜。
在一些实施例中，所述凸透镜靠近所述逆反射元件的一侧表面为平面。
有益效果
对于本申请实施例提供的悬浮成像装置，半透半反元件射向逆反射组件的光线在经过控光元件的调试之后均沿平行于控光元件的光轴的方向出射。此时，控光元件对从逆反射元件射向控光元件的光线有较好的汇聚作用。由于控光元件的设置，原本扩散在成像点周围的杂光能够更多地汇聚到成像点位置，这样能够提高成像亮度，同时还能降低杂光所形成的干扰的强度。
 附图说明
图1是相关技术中悬浮成像设备的成像光路的示意图；
图2是本申请一些实施例提供的一种悬浮成像装置的示意图；
图3是本申请另一些实施例提供的一种悬浮成像装置的示意图；
图4是本申请一些实施例提供的悬浮成像装置的光路原理的示意图；
图5是本申请一些实施例提供的悬浮成像装置的成像光路的示意图；
图6是本申请一些实施例提供的悬浮成像装置的成像结果的示意图；
图7是本申请又一些实施例提供的一种悬浮成像装置的示意图；
图8是本申请又一些实施例提供的一种悬浮成像装置的示意图；
图9是本申请一些实施例提供的逆反射组件的示意图；
图10是本申请另一些实施例提供的逆反射组件的示意图；
图11是本申请一些实施例提供的一种终端设备的示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本申请的实施例中的附图对本申请的实施例中的技术方案进行描述。所描述的技术方案仅用于对本申请的思想进行解释和说明，而不应当视为对本申请的保护范围的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的技术特征。术语“多个”以及类似的词语表示两个或两个以上，除非另有明确的限定。
本申请中“被配置为”的使用意味着开放和包容性的语言，其不排除适用于或被配置为执行额外任务或步骤的设备。另外，“基于”的使用意味着开放和包容性，因为“基于”一个或多个所述条件或值的过程、步骤、计算或其他动作在实践中可以基于额外条件或超出所述的值。
在本申请中，“示例性”一词用来表示“用作例子、例证或说明”。本申请中被描述为“示例性”的任何实施例不一定被解释为比其它实施例更优选或更具优势。为了使本领域任何技术人员能够实现和使用本申请，给出了以下描述。
本申请的各个实施例相似，不同实施例和/或不同示例中的特征可以相互结合。
为实现悬浮成像，相关技术中悬浮成像设备通常采用以下方式进行呈现。显示光源发出的光线经过半透半反分束器后，其透射的光线不参与悬浮成像，而其反射的光线进入逆反射元件后将原路返回，再次通过半透半反分束器后，会在空中会聚，形成悬浮的图像。但是逆反射元件在使得光线原路返回的过程中会产生大角度的杂散光，如图1所示，导致显示图像的清晰度下降，影响成像品质。
基于此，本公开一些实施例提供一种悬浮成像装置，如图2和图3所示，悬浮成像装置100包括显示光源10、半透半反元件20以及逆反射组件30。
其中，显示光源10用于发射光线。半透半反元件20位于显示光源10的出光路径上。
半透半反元件20用于将来自显示光源10的光线以第一方式射向逆反射组件30上，且将从逆反射组件30朝向半透半反元件20的光线以第二方式出射（例如出射到空中）并形成物像101；其中，第一方式为反射或者透射中的一种，第二方式为反射或者透射中的另一种。
示例性的，如图2所示，半透半反元件20可以先将光线反射到逆反射组件30上（如图2中带实线箭头的实线所示，实线为该光线的光路，实线箭头为该光线的传播方向），然后将从逆反射组件30朝向半透半反元件20的光线透射到空中并形成物像101（如图2中带虚线箭头的实线所示，实线为该光线的光路，虚线箭头为该光线的传播方向）。在此情况下，显示光源10以及逆反射组件30均位于半透半反元件20的一侧，而最终物像101形成于半透半反元件20的另一侧，这样有利于人眼102在半透半反元件20另一侧无遮挡地观看到物像101。
又示例性的，如图3所示，半透半反元件20可以先将光线透射到逆反射组件30上（如图3中从显示光源10开始并到达逆反射组件30的带有箭头的实线所示，实线为该光线的光路，箭头为该光线的传播方向），然后将从逆反射组件30朝向半透半反元件20的光线反射到空中并形成物像101（如图3中从逆反射组件30开始并到达物像101的带有虚线箭头的实线所示，实线为该光线的光路，虚线箭头为该光线的传播方向）。
逆反射元件31用于逆反射从半透半反元件20射出的光线，并将该光线射向半透半反元件20。其中，逆反射组件30包括沿光线射向半透半反元件20的方向依次设置的逆反射元件31和控光元件32，也即，在逆反射元件31将光线射向半透半反元件20的过程中，光线依次经过逆反射元件31和控光元件32进行出射。这样，在逆反射元件31接收从半透半反元件20射出的光线的过程中，光线首先经过控光元件32，然后再进入到逆反射元件31。
示例性的，逆反射元件31为非透光元件，其可以使得从光源位置射出的光线在经过逆反射元件31之后返回光源位置。
如图4所示，控光元件32用于将从半透半反元件20射向逆反射组件30的光线沿平行于控光元件32的光轴的方向射向逆反射元件31，且逆反射元件31用于将射向逆反射组件30的光线沿平行于控光元件32的光轴的方向射向控光元件32。
这样设置，半透半反元件20射向逆反射组件30的光线在经过控光元件32的调试之后均沿平行于控光元件32的光轴的方向出射。此时，控光元件32对从逆反射元件31射向控光元件32的光线有较好的汇聚作用。如图5所示，由于控光元件32的设置，原本扩散在成像点周围的杂光能够更多地汇聚到成像点位置，这样能够提高成像亮度，同时还能降低杂光所形成的干扰的强度。
在一些实施例中，如图2和图3所示，半透半反元件20与显示光源10之间具有第一夹角α，第一夹角α位于30°~80°之间。这样设置，显示光源10所射出的光线能够较大程度地通过半透半反元件20进行反射或者折射，从而使得显示光源10的光线有较为充足的利用，进而保障显示光源10最终所形成的物像101具有较高的显示亮度。
在一些示例中，第一夹角α可以为30°、80°以及30°~80°区间中的任一数值。
示例性的，第一夹角α为45°。这样设置，光线从显示光源10射出之后具有较好的集中度，同时使得显示光源10所出射的光线能够有效地通过半透半反元件20进行反射或者折射，从而保障最终所形成的物像101具有更高的亮度。
在一些实施例中，如图2和图3所示，半透半反元件20与逆反射组件30之间具有第二夹角β，第二夹角β的大小与第一夹角α的大小相等。
当第一夹角α为45°时，第二夹角β也为45°，这样逆反射组件30能够较大程度地接收到来自半透半反元件20（例如反射）的光线，从而保障显示光源10所出射的光线能够更大程度地通过半透半反元件20和逆反射组件30的作用，最终形成高亮度的物像101。
在一些示例中，显示光源10的显示面和逆反射组件30的表面可以具有相同大小的尺寸，即，显示光源10的长度和宽度可以分别与逆反射组件30的长度和宽度相等。显示光源10的厚度与逆反射组件30的厚度可以相同，也可以不同。
在一些实施例中，悬浮成像装置100还可包括安装架，显示光源10、半透半反元件20以及逆反射组件30分别固定在安装架上适应位置，从而使得悬浮成像装置100具有较强的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，控光元件32具有焦距F，显示光源10的中心发射有第一光线，第一光线从显示光源10射向半透半反元件20的中心经过第一光程D1。也即，显示光源10的中心与半透半反元件20的中心之间的间距即为第一光程D1。
对于显示光源10的中心以及半透半反元件20的中心，其可以分别选用显示光源10和半透半反元件20的几何中心点，这样一方面能够保障最终结果的准确性，另外还有助于第一光程D1的测量。
在一些示例中，如图2所示，第一光线经半透半反元件20反射后到达控光元件32并经过第二光程D2，焦距F的大小等于第一光程D1和第二光程D2之和。也即，此时的物距（光线出发点到控光元件32的光心的距离）等于焦距。当物距与焦距相等时，物距与像距（光线从控光元件32的光心到达物像101的中心点的距离）也相等，这样能够保障从显示光源10位置所发出的光线能够较大程度地汇聚到像点，从而保证成像亮度。同时，由于控光元件32的聚光作用，能够有效消除大角度的干扰光线，使得扩散光斑减小，从而提升成像效果。
需要说明的是，相较于第一光程D1和第二光程D2之和，该第一光线从控光元件32表面到达控光元件32的光心的光程相对较小。因此，在对物距的测量过程中通常仅对第一光程D1和第二光程D2进行了测量。
在一些示例中，焦距F的大小还可等于第一光程D1、第二光程D2以及第一光线从控光元件32表面到达其光心的光程之和。
在另一些示例中，如图3所示，第一光线经半透半反元件20透射并到达控光元件32经过第三光程D3，焦距F的大小等于第一光程D1和第三光程D3之和。也即，此时的物距（光线出发点到控光元件32的光心的距离）等于焦距。当物距与焦距相等时，物距与像距（光线从控光元件32的光心到达物像101的中心点的距离）也相等，这样能够保障从显示光源10位置所发出的光线能够较大程度地汇聚到像点，从而保证成像亮度。同时，由于控光元件32的聚光作用，能够有效消除大角度的干扰光线，使得扩散光斑减小，从而提升成像效果。
需要说明的是，由于第一光线经半透半反元件20透射并到达控光元件32，因此第三光程D3等于第一光线在半透半反元件20中所经过的第一子光程d1以及第一光线从半透半反元件20透射之后到达控光元件32所经过的第二子光程d2之和。
此外，相较于第一光程D1和第三光程D3之和，第一子光程d1的占比相对较小，因此，在对物距的测量过程中，可以仅对第一光程D1和第二子光程d2进行测量。在此情况下，焦距F的大小可以等于第一光程D1和第二子光程d2之和。
在一些示例中，相较于第一光程D1和第三光程D3之和，该第一光线从控光元件32表面到达控光元件32的光心的光程相对较小。因此，在对物距的测量过程中并未将该第一光线从控光元件32表面到达控光元件32的光心的光程考虑进去。
在一些示例中，焦距F的大小还可等于第一光程D1、第三光程D3以及该第一光线从控光元件32表面到达控光元件32的光心的光程之和。
在一些实施例中，上述焦距F的大小与第一光程D1和第二光程D2之和（或第一光程D1和第三光程D3之和）相等，可以是两者的数值绝对相等，也可以是两者的数值大致相等。在两者的数值大致相等的情况下，两者之间的差值与焦距F的数值之间的比值小于或等于10％，也即，例如当焦距F为10cm时，物距最小可以为9cm，且物距最大可以为11cm。
在一些示例中，控光元件32的焦距F位于3cm~50cm之间，这样有利于显示光源10、半透半反元件20以及逆反射组件30之间位置的布置，同时保障悬浮成像装置100具有较好的成像效果。
在一些实施例中，请参阅图9，逆反射元件31包括多个逆反射单元310，控光元件32包括多个控光单元320，多个控光单元320与多个逆反射单元310一一对应（也即，每个控光单元320与一个逆反射单元310对应设置），这样可以对从控光单元320方向射入的光线进行良好的调控，使得最终所形成的物像的光斑较小，亮度较高，进而提高最终的成像效果。
示例性的，多个逆反射单元310可以呈阵列布置。
逆反射单元例如为微三角锥棱镜，通过微三角锥棱镜，其能够使得照射至所述逆反射元件31上的光线高回归性地沿原路径返回，从而有利于提高成像精度和成像画面清晰度。
值得说明的是，控光元件32的焦距F与对应的控光单元320保持一致。当显示光源的中心所发射的第一光线经过控光元件32中心位置的控光单元320时，该控光单元320的焦距即为控光元件32的焦距。
在一些实施例中，控光单元320为凸透镜。
在一些示例中，控光单元320远离对应的逆反射单元310的一侧表面朝向其远离该逆反射单元310的方向凸起，从而形成凸透镜的凸面。
在一些示例中，控光单元320靠近逆反射元件31（例如，上述与该控光单元320对应的逆反射单元310）的一侧表面为平面，这样有利于控光单元320的制作。
在一些实施例中，如图7所示，半透半反元件20为反射偏振元件21。反射偏振元件21用于对线性偏振光的传播方向进行控制，其只允许一种线性偏振光透过。示例性的，反射偏振元件21可采用多种功能性膜材贴合而成；或者反射偏振元件21还可为由特殊微结构构成的金属线栅。
示例性的，反射偏振元件21可以设置在固定板22上，固定板22与反射偏振元件21之间可通过透明粘合剂进行粘接，这样有利于抑制反射偏振元件21的翘曲、卷曲等。
固定板22可以为无色透明板，示例性的，其可以为丙烯酸膜、聚酯膜、聚碳酸酯膜、聚烯烃膜等塑料膜、或者碱玻璃、石英玻璃、化学强化玻璃、氧化铝玻璃等玻璃板。
显示光源10所发射的光线为线性偏振光，反射偏振元件21的偏光轴方向与该光线的偏振方向垂直。
通常显示光源10所发射的线性偏振光包括p偏振光和s偏振光。例如，如果一光线的偏振矢量在一个平面内，将其称为p偏振光，而光线的偏振矢量垂直于该平面，则将其称为s偏振光。
当反射偏振元件21的偏光轴方向与p偏振光的偏振方向垂直时，显示光源10所发射的p偏振光均被反射偏振元件21所反射，而s偏振光则会被透射。当反射偏振元件21的偏光轴方向与p偏振光的偏振方向平行时，显示光源10所发射的P偏振光均被反射偏振元件21所透射，而s偏振光则会被反射。
在该实施例中，以显示光源10所发射的光线为p偏振光，且反射偏振元件21的偏光轴方向与该光线的偏振方向垂直为例进行说明。
反射偏振元件21用于将显示光源10所发射的光线（p偏振光）反射到逆反射组件30上，逆反射组件30用于接收反射偏振元件21所反射的光线（p偏振光）并改变该光线的偏振方向，之后将偏振方向改变后的光线（s偏振光）射回反射偏振元件21上；反射偏振元件21用于接收偏振方向改变后的光线（s偏振光），且将偏振方向改变后的光线（s偏振光）透射出去并形成物像。
在一些实施例中，如图8所示，显示光源10包括光源组件11和偏振片12，偏振片12位于光源组件11的出光侧，偏振片12的偏振方向与反射偏振元件21的偏光轴方向垂直。其中，光源组件11用于发射上述线性偏振光。
示例性的，偏振片12的偏振方向与光源组件11所发射的p偏振光的偏振方向平行，且与显示光源10所发射的s偏振光的偏振方向垂直，因此，在光源组件11所发出的线性偏振光（包括p偏振光和s偏振光）中，仅有p偏振光可以透过所述偏振片12，而s偏振光则无法透过偏振片12。这样有利于避免光源组件11所发射的s偏振光直接从反射偏振元件21透射而形成杂光，从而能够避免该部分杂光对于悬浮成像造成干扰，进而有利于提升成像效果。
在一些示例中，光源组件11可以包括OLED或者微LED（mini LED或micro LED）显示器件。其中，当光源组件11微LED显示器件时，其有利于进行较大面积的拼接，从而实现大面积的悬浮成像，这样拓宽了其实际的使用场景。
在另一些示例中，光源组件11也可以采用LCD显示器。
在一些实施例中，如图7-10所示，逆反射组件30还包括四分之一波片33（也即，1/4λ波片）。
这样设置，从反射偏振元件21反射的光线在依次经过逆反射组件30的控光元件32和四分之一波片33并到达逆反射元件31，然后再经过逆反射元件31的逆反射作用之后依次经过四分之一波片33和控光元件32并到达反射偏振元件21。在此过程中，光线经过两次四分之一波片33，其偏振方向也得到改变并且最终的偏振方向与反射偏振元件21的偏振属性相同，从而最终从反射偏振元件21透射到空中。具体的，从反射偏振元件21反射的光线例如为p偏振光，其在两次经过四分之一波片33之后变成s偏振光，从而最终能够从反射偏振元件21中透射出去。
在一些实施例中，如图9所示，四分之一波片33位于逆反射元件31和控光元件32之间。
示例性的，控光元件32远离四分之一波片33一侧设有第一介质层34，第一介质层34围绕控光元件32设置，控光元件32的折射率与第一介质层34的折射率差值大于0.1。
这样设置，通过使得控光元件32与第一介质层34之间具有较大的折射率差值，这样有利于提高控光元件32的聚光效果，从而提高物像101的最终呈现亮度，提高其成像效果。
示例性的，第一介质层34可以为空气。由于控光元件32位于四分之一波片33远离逆反射元件31一侧，其可以暴露在空气中。此时进需要保证控光元件32的制作材料的折射率与空气的折射率差值大于0.1即可，从而有利于逆反射组件的制作。
需要说明的是，第一介质层34的形状并不限定于图9所示形状，其可以根据所选择的材料以及实际需要而进行灵活设置，本公开实施例对其不做限制。
在另一些实施例中，如图10所示，四分之一波片33位于控光元件32远离逆反射元件31的一侧。
示例性的，控光元件32远离逆反射元件31的一侧设有第二介质层35，第二介质层35围绕控光元件32设置，控光元件32的折射率与第二介质层35的折射率差值大于0.1。
这样设置，通过使得控光元件32与第二介质层35之间具有较大的折射率差值，这样有利于提高控光元件32的聚光效果，从而提高物像101的最终呈现亮度，提高其成像效果。
示例性的，第二介质层35可以为透明胶材层，透明胶材层还可以起到粘接的作用，使得控光元件32与四分之一波片33之间的连接稳定性更好。
本公开一些实施例还提供一种终端设备200，该终端设备包括任一上述的悬浮成像装置100以及终端设备主体。设备主体可以包括框体等，该终端设备200可以为车辆、VR或者AR设备等。
如图11所示，当终端设备200为车辆时，悬浮成像装置100中的显示光源10、半透半反元件20以及逆反射组件30分别固定在车辆的适应位置，待悬浮成像装置100固定在车辆上后，可使得物像101处于车辆的挡风玻璃外侧，这样便可使得显示光源所显示的物体投影到挡风玻璃外侧。当用户在开车的过程中，显示光源可用于显示仪表或者导航图等信息，而该信息便通过悬浮成像装置呈现在挡风玻璃外侧，用户则不需要低头查看仪表，从而能够提高行驶的安全性。
需要说明的是，物像101即为上述悬浮成像装置100通过对显示光源10所发射的光线进行调节最终所形成的像。该物像101可以是图像，也可以是视频等。图中对物像101所标识的方框仅用于大致标识物像101所处的位置，并不对物像101的形态、实际位置等构成限制。
此外，本公开实施例所提及的附图（图2-3以及图7-8）中所绘制的人眼102仅是作为示意，其并不对人眼102的实际位置形成限制。
综上所述，虽然本申请以优选实施例揭露如上，但上述优选实施例并非用以限制本申请，本领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本申请的精神和范围内，均可作各种更动与润饰，因此本申请的保护范围以权利要求界定的范围为基准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种悬浮成像装置，包括：
    显示光源，用于发射光线；
    半透半反元件，位于所述显示光源的出光路径上；及
    逆反射组件；其中，
    所述半透半反元件用于将来自所述显示光源的光线以第一方式射向所述逆反射组件上，且将从逆反射组件朝向所述半透半反元件的光线以第二方式出射并形成物像，所述第一方式为反射或者透射中的一种，所述第二方式为反射或者透射中的另一种；
    所述逆反射组件用于逆反射从所述半透半反元件射出的光线并射向所述半透半反元件；所述逆反射组件包括沿光线射向所述半透半反元件的方向依次设置的逆反射元件和控光元件，所述控光元件用于将从所述半透半反元件射向所述逆反射组件的光线沿平行于所述控光元件的光轴的方向射向所述逆反射元件，且所述逆反射元件用于将射向所述逆反射元件的光线沿平行于所述控光元件的光轴的方向射向所述控光元件。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的悬浮成像装置，其中，所述控光元件具有焦距，所述显示光源的中心发射有第一光线，所述第一光线从所述显示光源射向所述半透半反元件的中心经过第一光程；其中，
    所述第一光线经所述半透半反元件反射后到达所述控光元件并经过第二光程，所述焦距的大小等于所述第一光程和所述第二光程之和；或者，
    所述第一光线经所述半透半反元件透射并到达所述控光元件经过第三光程，所述焦距的大小等于所述第一光程和所述第三光程之和。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的悬浮成像装置，其中，所述控光元件具有焦距，所述显示光源的中心发射有第一光线，所述第一光线从所述显示光源射向所述半透半反元件的中心经过第一光程；其中，
    所述第一光线经所述半透半反元件透射并到达所述控光元件经过第三光程，所述焦距的大小等于所述第一光程和所述第三光程之和。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的悬浮成像装置，其特征在于，所述控光元件包括多个控光单元，所述逆反射元件包括多个逆反射单元，所述多个控光单元与所述多个逆反射单元一一对应。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的悬浮成像装置，其特征在于，所述控光单元为凸透镜。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的悬浮成像装置，其特征在于，所述凸透镜靠近所述逆反射元件的一侧表面为平面。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的悬浮成像装置，其特征在于，所述半透半反元件为反射偏振元件；所述显示光源发射的光线为线性偏振光，所述反射偏振元件的偏光轴方向与所述光线的偏振方向垂直，所述反射偏振元件用于将所述光线反射到所述逆反射组件上，所述逆反射组件用于接收所述反射偏振元件所反射的光线并改变所述光线的偏振方向，之后将偏振方向改变后的光线射回所述反射偏振元件上；所述反射偏振元件用于接收所述偏振方向改变后的光线，且将所述偏振方向改变后的光线透射出并形成所述物像。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的悬浮成像装置，其特征在于，所述显示光源包括光源组件和偏振片，所述偏振片位于所述光源组件的出光侧，所述偏振片的偏振方向与所述反射偏振元件的偏光轴方向垂直。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的悬浮成像装置，其特征在于，所述逆反射组件还包括四分之一波片，所述四分之一波片位于所述逆反射元件和所述控光元件之间。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的悬浮成像装置，其特征在于，所述控光元件远离所述四分之一波片一侧设有第一介质层，所述第一介质层围绕所述控光元件设置，所述控光元件的折射率与所述第一介质层的折射率差值大于0.1。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的悬浮成像装置，其特征在于，所述逆反射组件还包括四分之一波片，所述四分之一波片位于所述控光元件远离所述逆反射元件的一侧。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的悬浮成像装置，其特征在于，所述控光元件远离所述逆反射元件一侧设有第二介质层，所述第二介质层围绕所述控光元件设置，所述控光元件的折射率与所述第二介质层的折射率差值大于0.1。
  13. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的悬浮成像装置，其特征在于，所述半透半反元件与所述显示光源之间具有第一夹角，所述第一夹角位于30°~80°之间。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的悬浮成像装置，其特征在于，所述第一夹角为45°。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的悬浮成像装置，其特征在于，所述半透半反元件与所述逆反射组件之间具有第二夹角，所述第二夹角的大小与所述第一夹角的大小相等。
  16. 一种终端设备，包括悬浮成像装置，所述悬浮成像装置包括：
    显示光源，用于发射光线；
    半透半反元件，位于所述显示光源的出光路径上；及
    逆反射组件；其中，
    所述半透半反元件用于将来自所述显示光源的光线以第一方式射向所述逆反射组件上，且将从逆反射组件朝向所述半透半反元件的光线以第二方式出射并形成物像，所述第一方式为反射或者透射中的一种，所述第二方式为反射或者透射中的另一种；
    所述逆反射组件用于逆反射从所述半透半反元件射出的光线并射向所述半透半反元件；所述逆反射组件包括沿光线射向所述半透半反元件的方向依次设置的逆反射元件和控光元件，所述控光元件用于将从所述半透半反元件射向所述逆反射组件的光线沿平行于所述控光元件的光轴的方向射向所述逆反射元件，且所述逆反射元件用于将射向所述逆反射元件的光线沿平行于所述控光元件的光轴的方向射向所述控光元件。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的终端设备，其中，所述控光元件具有焦距，所述显示光源的中心发射有第一光线，所述第一光线从所述显示光源射向所述半透半反元件的中心经过第一光程；其中，
    所述第一光线经所述半透半反元件反射后到达所述控光元件并经过第二光程，所述焦距的大小等于所述第一光程和所述第二光程之和；或者，
    所述第一光线经所述半透半反元件透射并到达所述控光元件经过第三光程，所述焦距的大小等于所述第一光程和所述第三光程之和。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的终端设备，其中，所述控光元件包括多个控光单元，所述逆反射元件包括多个逆反射单元，所述多个控光单元与所述多个逆反射单元一一对应。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的终端设备，其中，所述控光单元为凸透镜。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的终端设备，其中，所述凸透镜靠近所述逆反射元件的一侧表面为平面。
PCT/CN2024/101683 2023-12-01 2024-06-26 悬浮成像装置及终端设备 Pending WO2025112503A1 (zh)

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