WO2025103380A1 - Electric switch and power distribution system - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided in the present application are an electric switch and a power distribution system. The switch comprises an insulating housing and an internal element; the insulating housing comprises a first cavity and second cavities for accommodating a switch system; connection ends of the switch are arranged at two ends of the second cavities respectively; the first cavity and the multiple second cavities are arranged in a vertically stacked mode; the vertical axes or central axes of connection devices of the connection ends corresponding to different phases or poles are coaxial or non-coaxial; a moving contact is driven by a control mechanism to rotate or/and move.

Description

An electric switch and a power distribution system

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the priority of Chinese patent application 202311515028.4 filed on November 14, 2023, entitled “An electric switch” and the priority of Chinese patent application 202410987090.1 filed on July 23, 2024, entitled “An electric switch and distribution system”, and the entire contents of the above two applications are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical Field

The present application belongs to the technical field of low-voltage electrical appliances, and specifically relates to an electrical switch and a power distribution system.

Background Art

The arc channel outlet of the switch is generally set above the power input terminal. The arc channel inside the switch is relatively short. Under high voltage and high breaking conditions, a huge arc will be generated, which can easily cause the copper busbars on different phase poles above the terminal to short-circuit, causing the secondary arc to produce a phase-to-phase short circuit, resulting in explosions and other serious safety accidents. The solution is generally to add an arc extinguishing cover to the outside of the switch. The arc extinguishing cover is made of nylon material. Under the harsh use environment of new energy systems such as photovoltaics, wind power, and energy storage, it is easy to age and crack. The arc will spray outward from the crack, which can easily cause an explosion accident, causing very serious harm to people and equipment.

In switchgear, contact spacing is an extremely important technical parameter, which plays a decisive role in the dielectric properties and breaking capacity of the switchgear. The contact opening distance in the switch electrical appliance is generally achieved by the moving contact making linear or rotational movements. The contact opening distance can be increased by lengthening the moving contact or the rotation angle. The larger the contact opening distance, the more favorable it is for high voltage and high breaking, but it is not conducive to the miniaturization of the switch electrical appliance. The switch electrical appliances in the related technology are all arranged vertically up and down, and the rotation angle of the moving contact opening distance is mostly within 40 degrees. Due to the height limitation of the switch electrical appliance, more arc extinguishing grids cannot be set. This is very unfavorable for the arc extinguishing of arcs generated in the system of up to DC2000V and AC1500V in the new power. Fuses are often required to be used instead, resulting in problems such as temperature rise, large size, and high cost, which restricts the development of switch electrical appliances in breaking high voltage and high short-circuit current. How to realize the reliable and safe breaking of ultra-large short-circuit current under ultra-high voltage by switch electrical appliances under low cost conditions is one of the most difficult problems to solve in the world's low-voltage switch electrical appliance technology.

The operating handles of switches are mostly pushed and pulled up and down, which is inconsistent with the rotational motion in the complete cabinet. A conversion mechanism must be added to achieve this, which increases the mechanical structure and causes waste.

If the switch is to be electrically operated, it is necessary to set up another electric operating mechanism outside the operating mechanism of the switch, which causes problems such as large size and high cost.

Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of switching electrical appliance that can solve the secondary short-circuit accidents caused by electric arcs, significantly reduce the width of distribution cabinets, reduce the use of non-ferrous metals, increase the number of arc-extinguishing grids within the effective volume of the switch to improve the breaking capacity under high voltage and reduce the structural cost of manual and electric operation, and develop switching technology with higher movement speeds to meet the many stringent requirements of new power systems for switching electrical appliances such as miniaturization, high voltage, high breaking, and zero arcing.

Summary of the invention

Based on the above background, by stacking the poles or phases of the switch up and down, and arranging the terminals at both ends of the poles or phases of the switch up and down with the same axis or different axes, the width of the multi-pole or multi-phase switch is greatly reduced, and more switches can be installed side by side in the distribution cabinet, and the number of switches arranged in the distribution cabinet is increased. At the same time, the reverse tunnel arc extinguishing technology is used to achieve the zero arcing performance of the switch under high voltage and high breaking, which greatly improves the safety and reliability of the switch in the distribution cabinet. In addition, the composite motion technology of moving and rotating the moving contact is adopted, which can achieve a larger contact opening distance in a smaller space, and better meet the requirements of the new power system for miniaturization, high voltage, high breaking, zero arcing and other switching electrical appliances.

On the one hand, the present application discloses an electric switch, comprising an insulating shell and internal components, the internal components at least comprising a moving contact, a contact support, a static contact, a control mechanism, a first terminal, and a second terminal, the insulating shell comprising a first cavity for accommodating the control mechanism and at least two second cavities for accommodating the moving contact, the static contact, and the contact support; the first terminal and the second terminal are respectively arranged at two ends of the second cavity; the first cavity and a plurality of second cavities are arranged in an up-down stack, and the first cavity is arranged above the plurality of second cavities; the static contact is directly or indirectly connected to the first terminal or/and the second terminal; the first terminal or/and the second terminal is provided with a clamping device or a pressure plate device or a screw crimping device or a lifting device; the central axis or the central axis of the first terminal or the second terminal arranged up and down in different phases or poles is coaxially arranged or non-coaxially arranged; the moving contact is arranged on the contact support and moves together, and the contact support is directly or indirectly driven by the control mechanism to rotate or/and move, driving the moving contact and the static contact to connect or disconnect electricity.

In this way, multiple phase poles of the electric switch are stacked along the height direction of the switch, which can greatly reduce the width compared with the original multi-pole switch. More switches can be installed side by side in the same width distribution box, which greatly saves the space of the distribution cabinet. The wiring terminals can adopt different wiring structures, and the central axis of the upper and lower wiring terminals can be coaxial or non-coaxial. The wiring methods are diverse, and the amount of transfer copper busbars in the distribution cabinet can be greatly saved, which greatly improves the efficiency of manual installation, reduces labor hours, and reduces the cost of the distribution cabinet.

On the other hand, the present application further discloses a power distribution system, comprising a plurality of conductive bars and at least one electrical switch, wherein a plurality of first terminals of the at least one electrical switch are directly or indirectly connected to the plurality of conductive bars.

The beneficial effects of this application are:

1. The present application utilizes the length space of the switch to form a reverse tunnel-type arc channel, so that the remaining short arc after being cut by the arc extinguishing chamber can enter the reverse tunnel-type arc channel driven by the airflow generated by the disconnection, so that the remaining short arc can be completely dissipated and absorbed in the arc channel, thereby enabling the switch to achieve zero arcing performance under high voltage and high current. The arc sprays backwards and will not cause secondary short-circuit hazards to the conductive bars of different phase poles on the front terminal, thereby greatly improving the safety and reliability of the switch during use.

2. The present application arranges an arc extinguishing chamber on the reverse tunnel arc channel, and makes full use of the length direction of the switch to arrange more arc extinguishing grids, so that the number of arc extinguishing grids is increased by more than 60%. The arc extinguishing grids use metal grids to cut the arc into several short arcs. The near-cathode effect of the AC arc and the near-pole voltage drop of the DC arc are used to increase the arc voltage to reduce the fault current, thereby accelerating the arc extinction. It has a strong current limiting capability and can disconnect higher voltages and larger currents.

3. The zero arcing performance of the electric switch of the present application under high voltage and high current can reduce the safety distance between the multi-pole electric switch and other conductive parts in the distribution cabinet, and solve the problem of waste of space and conductive bars in the distribution cabinet due to the long arcing distance of the multi-pole electric switch and the large safety distance when installed in the distribution cabinet.

4. The mechanism of the electric switch of the present application enables the moving contact to move in the horizontal direction at an angle of more than 80 degrees, which is twice the angle of the switch of the existing technology. The length of the moving contact is designed to be more than 50% shorter than that of the switch of the related technology. By utilizing these technologies, the switch of the present application can be greatly reduced in width compared with the original multi-pole switch. More multi-pole electric switches of the present application can be installed side by side in the same width distribution cabinet, which can greatly save the space of the distribution cabinet and improve the space utilization rate in the distribution cabinet.

5. The inlet and outlet terminals of the electric switch of the present application are stacked in the height direction at the same height as the conductive bus in the distribution cabinet. The switch terminals can be directly connected to the conductive bus, eliminating the transfer copper bus used to connect the original distribution cabinet and the switch, thereby reducing the cost of the overall distribution cabinet by more than 30%.

6. The electric switch of the present application is easy to install in the cabinet and connect with the conductive bar in the cabinet, which can greatly reduce the man-hours for cabinet installation, thereby reducing the overall cost of the distribution cabinet.

7. The operating handle of the electric switch of the present application can be directly set as a rotating handle. The rotating handle adopts a horizontal rotating handle, which is parallel to the top plane of the switch insulating part, increases the force arm, reduces the hand force, and the human hand can hold the handle tightly to operate. It not only adapts to the human hand's force method and saves effort in operation, but also the rotating handle can be rotated at a large angle, which is easy to identify the specific opening and closing position and tripping position of the switch.

8. The electric switch of the present application can realize remote control and remote completion of the switch opening and closing operations by setting an electric control mechanism, reducing direct contact with high-voltage equipment and improving operational safety. In addition, electric operation can reduce manual operation and improve operational efficiency.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the implementation methods of the present application, the drawings required for use in the implementation methods will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods recorded in this application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch device 100′ of the related art;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a switch device 100' of the related art;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a switch device 100' of the related art installed side by side in a power distribution cabinet;

FIG4 is a perspective schematic diagram of a three-pole switch disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG5 is an exploded schematic diagram of the three-pole switch in FIG4 ;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wiring accessories in FIG4;

FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first pole switch disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving contact disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the movable contact disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of the moving contact assembly disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the contact support disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the first pole switch disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG13 is another schematic diagram of the structure of the electric switch disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the contact support in FIG13;

FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple contact supports after splicing disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of a plurality of contact supports connected to a multi-link mechanism after being spliced together according to the first embodiment;

FIG17 is a schematic structural diagram of the multi-link mechanism disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gear and rack transmission cooperation disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG19 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the multi-link mechanism disclosed in the first embodiment and the rotary handle;

FIG20 is a schematic structural diagram of the arrangement of the first and second terminals of the three-pole switch disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG21 is a schematic structural diagram of the movable contact and the stationary contact in the open position disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG22 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the arc extinguishing chamber disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG23 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the arc extinguishing chamber disposed in the insulating housing and the arc channel disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG24 is a schematic diagram of other structures of the arc extinguishing chamber;

FIG25 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the overload release disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG26 is a schematic structural diagram of an overload release device disclosed in the first embodiment being arranged in an insulating housing;

FIG27 is a schematic structural diagram of the linkage between multiple overload releases and a multi-link mechanism disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG28 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the three-pole switch and the conductive bar disclosed in the first embodiment;

FIG29 is a schematic diagram of the electrical switch structure disclosed in the second embodiment;

FIG30 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the switch in FIG29;

FIG31 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the multi-link mechanism of the present application and the push-pull handle disclosed in the third embodiment;

FIG32 is a schematic structural diagram of the arrangement of the first and second terminals of the two-pole switch disclosed in the fourth embodiment;

FIG33 is a schematic structural diagram of the arrangement of the first and second terminals of the two-pole switch disclosed in the fifth embodiment;

34 and 35 are schematic structural diagrams of the arrangement of the first and second terminals of the four-pole switch disclosed in the sixth embodiment;

36, 37 and 38 are schematic diagrams of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in the seventh embodiment;

39 and 40 are schematic diagrams of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in the eighth embodiment;

FIG41 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in the ninth embodiment;

FIG42 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in the tenth embodiment;

FIG43 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrical switch disclosed in the eleventh embodiment;

FIG44 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in the twelfth embodiment;

45 and 46 are schematic diagrams of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in the thirteenth embodiment;

FIG47 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrical switch disclosed in a fourteenth embodiment;

48, 49 and 50 are schematic diagrams of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in a fifteenth embodiment;

FIG51 is a schematic structural diagram of the electrical switch disclosed in the fifteenth embodiment in a free tripping state;

FIG52 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric switch disclosed in the fifteenth embodiment in the re-fastening state;

FIG53 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric switch in the closed state according to the fifteenth embodiment;

FIG54 is a schematic structural diagram of a guide rod disclosed in a fifteenth embodiment;

FIG55 is a schematic structural diagram of a power assist member disclosed in a fifteenth embodiment;

FIG56 is a structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary switch disclosed in the fifteenth embodiment, in which the switch is installed in the second cavity and is in a closed state;

FIG57 is a schematic structural diagram of the auxiliary switch disclosed in the fifteenth embodiment, in which the switch is installed in the second cavity and is in an open or free tripping state;

FIG58 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in a sixteenth embodiment;

FIG59 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in a seventeenth embodiment;

60 and 61 are schematic diagrams of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in the eighteenth embodiment;

62 and 63 are schematic diagrams of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in the nineteenth embodiment;

64, 65 and 66 are schematic diagrams of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in the twentieth embodiment;

67 and 68 are schematic diagrams of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in the twenty-first embodiment;

69 to 72 are schematic diagrams of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in the twenty-second embodiment;

73 to 75 are schematic structural diagrams of an electric switch disclosed in the twenty-third embodiment;

76 and 77 are schematic diagrams of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in the twenty-fourth embodiment;

FIG78 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in the twenty-fifth embodiment;

79 and 80 are schematic diagrams of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in the twenty-sixth embodiment;

81 and 82 are schematic diagrams of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in the twenty-seventh embodiment;

FIG83 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between an electrical switch and a conductive bar disclosed in the twenty-seventh embodiment;

FIG84 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in the twenty-eighth embodiment;

85 and 86 are schematic diagrams of the structure of an electric switch disclosed in the twenty-ninth embodiment;

FIG87 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrical switch disclosed in the thirtieth embodiment;

88 and 89 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the connection between the electrical switch and the conductive bar disclosed in the thirtieth embodiment;

Figure 90 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressing plate device;

FIG91 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an electric switch disclosed in the thirty-first embodiment;

FIG92 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the transmission shaft, the connecting shaft and the contact support in FIG91;

FIG93 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the connection shaft and the contact support in FIG91;

FIG94 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a screw crimping device in conjunction with a conductive bar having a protrusion or a groove on one side for connecting to an electrical switch;

FIG95 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a screw clamping device with a conductive connecting strip in conjunction with a flat straight strip conductive bar connected to an electrical switch;

FIG96 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pulling device in conjunction with a straight planar conductive bar connected to an electrical switch;

FIG97 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting device and the conductive bar with a protrusion on one side connected to the electrical switch;

FIG98 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure plate device in conjunction with the straight strip conductive bar connected to the electrical switch;

Figure 99 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a screw crimping device in conjunction with a straight strip of perforated conductive bar connected to an electrical switch.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the implementation of this application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiment of this application will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of this application. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limitations on this application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

Switching electrical appliances are generally used in distribution cabinets, and their main function is to distribute electrical energy. With the development of science and technology, the system capacity of distribution cabinets is constantly improving, so the number of switches used for electrical energy distribution in the cabinet is required to increase.

FIG1-2 shows a schematic diagram 100' of a multi-pole switch device according to the related art. As shown in FIG1, the length, width and height of the multi-pole switch device 100' are arranged along the X, Y and Z directions respectively, and the inlet terminal 10' and the outlet terminal 20' are arranged flat along the width (Y) direction of the switch device 100'. As shown in FIG2, the moving contact 30' is driven by the operating mechanism 50' to rotate up and down along the height (Z) direction to connect or disconnect the electricity with the static contact 40'. The main defect of this scheme is that the moving contact 30' can only rotate simply, and the contact opening distance that can be achieved in a limited space is small, and the size of the contact opening distance has a decisive influence on the breaking capacity and insulation performance of the switch. Therefore, if the scheme of the switch device 100' does not increase the external dimensions, it is difficult to further increase the contact opening distance, and increasing the external dimensions cannot meet the requirements of miniaturization in practical applications.

Secondly, in actual applications, the switch devices 100' are usually installed side by side in the distribution cabinet along the width direction, and multiple switch devices 100' are electrically connected to the conductive bus in the cabinet through the transfer copper busbar, as shown in FIG3. In order to facilitate installation and transportation, the width of the distribution cabinet is generally set uniformly according to the standard. The width of the switch device is relatively large, and the number of switches that can be installed side by side in a limited width space is relatively small. When more switches need to be installed, they need to be installed in the distribution cabinet in multiple layers, which increases the height of the distribution cabinet. In addition, due to the large number of switch devices, the switch devices are installed in the distribution cabinet. The incoming line end 10' of 100' is laid flat along the width (Y) direction. In order to ensure the insulation distance between each phase pole, it is necessary to use the transfer copper busbar to connect with the conductive busbar in an alternating manner. In this way, the connection between the transfer copper busbar and the conductive busbar in the distribution cabinet becomes complicated, and the installation is particularly inconvenient. At the same time, the amount of copper busbar is particularly large, which is not conducive to reducing the overall cost of the distribution cabinet. At the same time, the transfer copper busbar is interspersed between different phase poles. Once the insulation is aged or damaged, it is easy to cause phase-to-phase breakdown short-circuit accidents, causing serious safety accidents.

In order to solve the technical problems of the above conventional switch devices, the present application provides an electrical switch, which can be a multi-pole switch for direct current or a multi-phase switch for alternating current. The electrical switch stacks a first cavity and a plurality of second cavities, and stacks a first terminal and a second terminal in a height direction, thereby reducing the width of the conventional switch device. The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

First embodiment

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 26 , assuming that the length, width and height of the electric switch 100 are arranged along the X, Y and Z directions respectively, the electric switch 100 is a three-pole electric switch, including an insulating shell and internal components, the internal components at least including a moving contact 20, a contact support 21, a stationary contact 30, a control mechanism, a first terminal 40, and a second terminal 50. In this embodiment, the control mechanism is a mechanical control mechanism, at least including a multi-link mechanism 104, the insulating shell includes a first cavity 150 for accommodating the multi-link mechanism 104 and at least two second cavities 160 for accommodating the moving contact, the stationary contact and the contact support; the first terminal 40 and the second terminal 50 are respectively arranged at two ends of the second cavity 160, the first cavity 150 and the three second cavities 160 are arranged in an up-and-down stack, and the first cavity 150 Arranged above the three second cavities 160, the first cavity and the second cavity are each composed of two insulating parts. In this embodiment, the two insulating parts adjacent to the first cavity 150 and the second cavity 160 are an integrated structure, and the first cavity 150 is formed by combining an insulating part 105 and an insulating part below it; the second cavity 160 is formed by splicing an upper insulating part 10 and a lower insulating part 11 up and down; the internal components arranged in the three second cavities respectively form a first pole switch 101, a second pole switch 102 and a third pole switch 103, and the third pole switch 103, the second pole switch 102, the first pole switch 101, the multi-link mechanism 104, the first insulating shell 105 and the operating handle 106 are stacked from bottom to top along the height direction (Z-axis direction) of the electrical switch 100.

In this embodiment, the plurality of second cavities 160 are in a strip shape or a rectangular shape, and the first cavity 150 is in a square shape. In other embodiments, the first cavity may also be in a circular shape or a combination of a square and a circular shape.

Please continue to refer to Figure 4. The first and second terminals are respectively provided at both ends of the first pole switch 101, the second pole switch 102 and the third pole switch 103. In this embodiment, the first terminal 40 or/and the second terminal 50 are pressure plate devices 110. The multiple pressure plate devices 110 at at least one end of the electrical switch are arranged up and down at different phase poles, and the central axes of the multiple pressure plate devices 110 arranged up and down are arranged on different axes, that is, the central axis P1 of the pressure plate device at one end of the first pole switch 101, the central axis P2 of the pressure plate device at one end of the second pole switch 102, and the central axis P3 of the pressure plate device at one end of the third pole switch 103 are not on the same straight line. That is, the multiple pressure plate devices 110 are stacked along the height Z direction of the switch and are mutually staggered along the width Y direction of the switch. Such a setting can greatly save the amount of transfer copper bars in the distribution cabinet, greatly improve the efficiency of manual installation and reduce labor hours, and reduce the cost of the distribution cabinet.

It should be noted that, in other embodiments, the first terminal 40 or/and the second terminal 50 can also be a chuck device or a screw crimping device or a lifting device. When the first terminal 40 or/and the second terminal 50 is a chuck device, the central axes of the multiple chuck devices arranged vertically are set coaxially or non-axially; when the first terminal 40 or/and the second terminal 50 is a screw crimping device or a lifting device, the central axes of the multiple screw crimping devices or lifting devices are set vertically and non-axially.

Further, please refer to Figures 4 to 6, the pressure plate device 110 includes a wiring terminal and a wiring accessory, the wiring accessory includes a connecting plate 110a, a threaded fastener 110b and a spring 110c, and one end of the connecting plate 110a is pressed on the wiring terminal and electrically connected to the wiring terminal.

In some embodiments, the minimum width of the electrical switch is the sum of the diameters of the two terminal clamping screws. In this embodiment, the terminal clamping screws are threaded fasteners 110b, that is, the minimum width of the electrical switch is the sum of the diameters of the two threaded fasteners 110b.

In some embodiments, the first pole switch 101, the second pole switch 102, and the third pole switch 103 have substantially the same internal structure. The first pole switch 101 is taken as an example for description. As shown in FIG. 7, the first pole switch 101 includes a moving contact 20, a contact support 21, a stationary contact 30, a first terminal 40, a second terminal 50, and a flexible wire 60. The moving contact 20 is connected to the first terminal 40 through the flexible wire 60. The moving contact 20 and the stationary contact 30 are arranged opposite to each other along the switch length direction of the X-axis. The moving contact 20 is arranged horizontally. Axially arranged, the moving contact 20 moves from the first terminal 40 to the second terminal 50, the insulating shell between the moving contact 20 and the first terminal 40 is arranged in a closed state, and the static contact 30 is electrically connected to the second terminal 50 by riveting, welding, integral molding, etc. In this embodiment, the contact method between the moving contact 20 and the static contact 30 is planar pressure contact. In some other optional embodiments, it can also be arranged that the moving contact 20 is connected to the second terminal 50 through a soft wire 60, and the static contact 30 is connected to the first terminal 40.

Continuing with reference to FIG8 , the moving contact 20 is in an angular shape, and a second hole 20a serving as a fulcrum for the movement of the moving contact 20 is provided at the corner of the angular shape. In some other optional embodiments, the second hole 20a may also be provided in a protrusion shape. The angular shape includes a first arm 20b and a second arm 20c, and an alloy contact 20d is provided at the end of the first arm 20b, and a soft wire 60 is provided at the end of the second arm 20c.

In some other optional embodiments, as shown in FIG. 9 , the moving contact 20 is in the shape of a strip, a second hole 20a serving as a fulcrum is provided in the middle of the strip, an alloy contact 20d is provided at one end of the strip, and a soft wire 60 is provided at the other end.

Continuing with reference to FIG. 10 , the moving contact 20 is hinged on the contact support 21 via a second shaft 22 passing through the second hole 20a. The moving contact 20 is crimped together with the contact support 21 via an elastic member 23 and moves along with the contact support 21. When an external force acts on the moving contact 20, the moving contact 20 overcomes the pressure provided by the elastic member 23 and rotates at a certain angle relative to the contact support 21, thereby ensuring that there is sufficient overtravel and contact pressure when the moving contact 20 contacts the static contact 30.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 11 , the two ends of the contact support 21 are provided with circular bosses 21a coaxial with the central axis of the contact support. The ends of the contact support here refer to the two ends in the length direction of the contact support. A groove or through hole 21b is coaxially provided on the inner side of the circular boss 21a, and the contact support rotates around the axis of the circular boss 21a. In this embodiment, the groove or through hole 21b is hexagonal. In some other optional embodiments, the groove or through hole 21b can be set to other shapes for the convenience of connection and force transmission.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 12 , a slide groove is provided on the insulating member, and the slide groove includes an upper slide groove 10a and a lower slide groove 11a, wherein the upper insulating member 10 is provided with the upper slide groove 10a parallel to the switch length direction of the X-axis, and the lower insulating member 11 is provided with the lower slide groove 11a parallel to the switch length direction of the X-axis, and the circular boss 21a of the contact support 21 is inserted into the upper slide groove 10a of the upper insulating member 10 and the lower slide groove 11a of the lower insulating member 11, and the circular boss 21a can move and rotate in the upper slide groove 10a and the lower slide groove 11a.

Please refer to FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 . A bearing 26 is also provided on the circular boss 21 a , which can significantly reduce the friction force of the contact support during rotation and movement, and prevent the contact support from getting stuck during transmission.

Continuing with reference to FIG. 15 , a plurality of contact supports 21 can be assembled into one piece from bottom to top along the switch height direction of the Z-axis by inserting the connecting shaft 24 into the groove or through hole 21b of the contact support 21. In this embodiment, three contact supports 21 are assembled into one piece through two connecting shafts 24. In other optional embodiments, the number of contact supports 21 can be increased or decreased according to the splicing method in this embodiment.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 16 , a groove or through hole 21b is provided on the circular boss 21a of the contact support 21. After the three contact supports 21 are assembled into one, the end of the contact support 21 located at the top is indirectly connected to the multi-link mechanism 104. By inserting the transmission shaft 25 into the groove or through hole 21b, the contact support 21 is connected to the multi-link mechanism 104 along the switch height direction of the Z axis.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 17 , the multi-link mechanism 104 is arranged on the outside of the upper insulating member 10, and is insulated above the moving contact 20 and the static contact 30. The multi-link mechanism 104 is a four-link structure, which includes a lever, a lock, a jump lock, an upper link, a lower link, a main tension spring, a plurality of transmission shafts, an output rod 1041 and a side plate 1042. The control mechanism is provided with a driving part that directly or indirectly drives the end of the contact support to move. The structure of the driving part of this embodiment is cantilever. The driving part includes an output rod 1041 and a transmission shaft 25. One end of the transmission shaft 25 is fixedly connected to the uppermost contact support end, and the other end is fixedly connected to the output rod 1041. The side plate 1042 is provided with a switch length direction along the X-axis. A third slide groove 1042a is provided. The third slide groove 1042a on the side plate 1042 is arranged parallel to the upper slide groove 10a on the upper insulating member 10 and the lower slide groove 11a on the lower insulating member 11 along the switch length direction of the X-axis. The multi-link mechanism 104 drives the main tension spring to store energy through a lever, and then transmits it through multiple links such as the upper link, the lower link and the output rod 1041. Finally, the output rod 1041 drives the transmission shaft 25 to slide along the third slide groove 1042a on the side plate 1042, thereby driving the three assembled contact supports 21 to move in the upper slide groove 10a of the upper insulating member 10 and the lower slide groove 11a of the lower insulating member 11, and finally drives the moving contact 20 to move back and forth along the switch length direction of the X-axis.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 18 , a gear 24a is provided on the rotation axis of the connecting shaft 24. In this embodiment, the gear 24a is integrally formed with the connecting shaft 24 by a high-strength insulating material. In some other optional embodiments, the gear 24a may also be spliced with the connecting shaft 24 or provided on the contact support 21. A rack 26 is also provided opposite to the outer edge of the gear 24a. The rack 26 is fixed on the upper insulating member 10 and the lower insulating member 11. In this embodiment, two connecting shafts 24 are included. Both connecting shafts 24 are provided with gears 24a, and two racks 26 are provided correspondingly. In some other embodiments, In an optional embodiment, the gear 24a and the rack 26 are arranged in a corresponding manner in greater or lesser numbers. When the three contact supports 21 assembled into one body move in the upper slide groove 10a of the upper insulating member 10 and the lower slide groove 11a of the lower insulating member 11, the rack 26 will generate a torque on the axis of the gear 24a to drive the gear 24a to roll on the rack 26. At the same time, the torque generated by the rack 26 on the axis of the gear 24a will be transmitted to the contact support 21 through the connecting shaft 24, thereby driving the contact support 21 to rotate along the axis, and finally driving the moving contact 20 to rotate back and forth along the switch length direction of the X-axis.

Continuing to refer to Figure 19, the insulating parts constituting the first cavity are assembled with multiple insulating parts constituting the second cavity along the switch height direction of the Z axis to form the insulating shell of the switch. The multi-link mechanism 104 is arranged in the first cavity, and the operating handle 106 is arranged above the first cavity, and is connected to the multi-link mechanism 104 through a half-axis 1061. The operating handle 106 is a rotating handle, and the half-axis 1061 is the center of rotation of the rotating handle and is arranged along the switch height direction of the Z axis. The rotating handle drives the half-axis 1061 to rotate within a range of 120°, thereby driving the multi-link mechanism 104 to re-lock, open and close the switch.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 20 , the first pole switch 101, the second pole switch 102 and the third pole switch 103 are all provided with a first terminal 40 and a second terminal 50. The first terminal 40 or/and the second terminal 50 of the first pole switch 101, the first terminal 40 or/and the second terminal 50 of the second pole switch 102, and the first terminal 40 or/and the second terminal 50 of the third pole switch 103 can be staggered left and right along the switch width direction of the Y axis and insulated and distributed up and down along the switch height direction of the Z axis. The first terminal 40 or/and the second terminal 50 of the third pole switch 103 are provided with a first terminal 40 or/and the second terminal 50 of the first pole switch 101, and the first terminal 40 or/and the second terminal 50 of the second pole switch 102. A second through hole 70a is provided on the insulating cover 70 of the first pole switch 101 on which the first terminal 40 and/or the second terminal 50 are overlapped upward, and a third through hole 70b is provided on the insulating cover 70 of the first pole switch 101 on which the first terminal 40 and/or the second terminal 50 arranged on the second pole switch 102 are overlapped upward. Stacking the three first terminals 40 and the second terminals 50 in the height direction (Z-axis direction) and staggeredly arranging them in the switch width direction along the Y-axis can effectively reduce the overall width of the switch 100 without affecting the connection between the switch 100 and the external conductive bus.

Continuing to refer to Figure 21, in the XY plane formed by the length (X-axis direction) and width (Y-axis direction) of the switch, the moving contact 20 and the static contact 30 form an angle a. When the multi-link mechanism 104 drives the contact support 21 and then drives the moving contact 20 to approach the static contact 30, the rack 26 will drive the gear 24a to drive the contact support 21 to rotate and then drive the moving contact 20 to rotate in the direction close to the static contact 30. During this movement, the angle a will gradually decrease. When the angle is close to 0°, the moving contact 20 is in contact with the static contact 30. When the multi-link mechanism 104 drives the contact support 21 and then drives the moving contact 20 away from the static contact 30, the rack 26 will drive the gear 24a to drive the contact support 21 to rotate and then drive the moving contact 20 to rotate away from the static contact 30. During this movement, the angle a will gradually increase. When the angle is close to 130°, the moving contact 20 is farthest from the static contact 30, reaching the contact opening position.

In summary, the movable contact in the disclosed embodiment moves forward and backward and rotates in the switch length direction of the X-axis under the direct or indirect drive of the multi-link mechanism, and is electrically connected or disconnected with the static contact, wherein the moving distance L is 1-50 mm and the rotation angle a is 10-130 degrees. Through the composite movement of the movable contact 20, a larger contact opening distance can be achieved in a smaller space, and the switch terminals are stacked in the height direction, thereby innovating a new type of switch electrical appliance with short contacts, large opening distance, small width, easy installation, and easy connection.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 22-26 , the first pole switch 101, the second pole switch 102, The third-pole switch 103 is also provided with an arc extinguishing chamber 80, which includes a plurality of metal grids 801 and two arc isolation plates 802. The plurality of metal grids 801 are arranged at a certain distance between the two arc isolation plates 802. The arc extinguishing chamber 80 is also arranged longitudinally in the upper insulating member 10 and the lower insulating member 11, and is placed in front of the moving contact 20 and/or the stationary contact 30. When the moving contact 20 and the stationary contact 30 are opened, the arc generated can quickly enter the arc extinguishing chamber 80. The arc extinguishing chamber 80 extends from the first terminal 40 to the second terminal 50 along the switch length direction of the X-axis. In this way, the arc extinguishing chamber 80 can make full use of the length direction of the switch to arrange more metal The grid piece 801 improves the breaking capacity of the switch 100 at a higher voltage. Gaps are provided in the upper insulating member 10 and the lower insulating member 11 near the arc extinguishing chamber 80 to form an arc channel. The outlet of the arc channel is provided on the side opposite to the opening direction of the moving contact 20. In this way, a reverse tunnel-type arc channel is formed by utilizing the length space of the switch. The remaining short arc after being cut by the arc extinguishing chamber 80 can enter the reverse tunnel-type arc channel driven by the airflow generated by the breaking, so that the remaining short arc can be further dissipated and absorbed in the arc channel, thereby enabling the switch to achieve zero arcing performance under high voltage and high breaking, greatly improving the safety and reliability of the switch during use.

In an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG. 24 , the minimum width of the switch 100 is W, the length of the moving contact 20 is W1, and the width of the arc extinguishing chamber 80 is W2. The minimum width W of the switch 100 is proportional to the length W1 of the moving contact 20 or/and the width W2 of the arc extinguishing chamber 80, that is, the larger the length W1 of the moving contact 20 or/and the width W2 of the arc extinguishing chamber 80, the larger the minimum width W of the switch 100. During the opening and closing process of the switch 100, the movement trajectory of the moving contact 20 crosses the center line O of the arc extinguishing chamber 80 along the length direction. During the movement of the moving contact 20, the moving contact 20 is located on one side of the center line O at the starting position and on the other side of the center line O at the ending position. The movement trajectory of the moving contact crosses the vertical center line of the arc extinguishing chamber, which is not only conducive to arc striking, but also can make full use of the metal grids on both sides of the center line of the arc extinguishing chamber to achieve a better arc extinguishing effect.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 25-27 , an overload release 90 is further provided in the first pole switch 101, the second pole switch 102, and the third pole switch 103. The overload release 90 is provided between the first terminal 40 and the second terminal 50 along the length direction of the switch along the X-axis. The overload release 90 includes a magnetic short-circuit release 91 and a thermal overload release 92. A push rod 93 is further provided around the magnetic short-circuit release 91 and the thermal overload release 92. In this embodiment, three magnetic short-circuit releases 91, thermal overload releases 92, and push rods 93 are provided. The switch along the Z-axis is opened by a trip rod 94. The three push rods 93 are extended from the lower phase to the multi-link mechanism 104 in the direction of the switch height. When an overload or short-circuit current occurs in the line, the magnetic short-circuit release 91 and the thermal overload release 92 will push the push rod 93 to link the trip rod 94 to release the multi-link mechanism 104, thereby tripping the switch 100 and cutting off the fault current in the line, thereby ensuring the safety of the line and other electrical equipment in the line. The trip rod 94 connects the three push rods 93 into one along the switch height direction of the Z axis. In this way, if an overcurrent fault occurs in any pole of the three-pole switch, the three poles can trip for protection at the same time, thereby ensuring the safety of the overall system.

28 is a schematic diagram showing the connection structure between the electrical switch and the conductive bar of this embodiment. A slot 1001 is provided at at least one end of the electrical switch in the length direction. After a plurality of groups of conductive bars 200 are inserted into the slot 1001 , they are crimped by a pressing plate device 110 .

The switch of the present application realizes zero arcing capability under high voltage and high breaking rate in a small volume through the combined movement of moving contacts and reverse tunnel arc extinguishing technology, which can greatly improve the safety of the switch installed in the distribution cabinet and prevent the arcing generated during high voltage and high current breaking from causing secondary short circuit in the distribution cabinet and causing serious consequences such as fire or equipment burning.

Second embodiment

As shown in Figures 29 and 30, this embodiment provides an electric switch of another structure. The difference from the first embodiment is that the insulating part 107 is an integrally formed structure, and the three insulating parts 107 stacked up and down form three independent second cavities. Compared with the splicing structure of the insulating parts in the first embodiment, the integrally formed structure in this embodiment saves assembly steps, saving time and effort.

Third embodiment

As shown in Figure 31, different from the above-mentioned embodiment, the operating handle 106 of this embodiment is a push-pull handle, which moves along the switch length direction of the X-axis. The push-pull handle is mechanically connected to the multi-link mechanism 104 through the transmission shaft 1062. The push-pull handle drives the transmission shaft 1062 to move along the switch length direction of the X-axis and then drives the multi-link mechanism 104 to re-lock, open and close the switch. The operation method of this handle conforms to the operating habits of the switch and is convenient for the operator to use.

Fourth embodiment

As shown in FIG32 , different from the above-mentioned embodiment, the electric switch of this embodiment is a two-pole electric switch, which only includes a second-pole switch 102, a first-pole switch 101, a multi-link mechanism 104, an insulating member 105 and an operating handle 106, which are stacked in sequence from bottom to top along the height direction (Z-axis direction) of the electric switch 100. The first-pole switch 101 and the second-pole switch 102 are respectively wrapped by two insulating members. The first-pole switch 101 and the second-pole switch 102 are both provided with a first terminal 40 and a second terminal 50. The first terminals 40 of the first-pole switch 101 and the second-pole switch 102 are staggered left and right along the switch width direction of the Y-axis and along the switch height direction of the Z-axis. The first pole switch 101 and the second pole switch 102 are insulated and distributed in the vertical direction. The second terminals 50 of the first pole switch 101 and the second pole switch 102 can also be staggered left and right along the switch width direction of the Y axis and insulated and distributed in the vertical direction along the switch height direction of the Z axis. Compared with the three-pole switch, the two-pole switch of this embodiment has more space for the first terminal 40 and the second terminal 50 in the width direction (Y axis direction). The first terminal 40 and/or the second terminal 50 of the first pole switch 101 and the second pole switch 102 can be completely staggered by stacking in the height direction and staggering in the width direction. This makes installation and wiring more convenient and can be better used in two-phase AC systems or high-voltage DC systems.

Fifth embodiment

As shown in FIG. 33 , unlike the fourth embodiment, the first terminal 40 or/and the second terminal 50 of the first pole switch 101 and the second pole switch 102 of this embodiment are staggered and insulated from each other front to back along the switch length direction of the X-axis. Thus, compared with setting the first terminal 40 or/and the second terminal 50 left to right in the switch width direction, the overall length of the switch is longer when the first terminal 40 or/and the second terminal 50 is set front to back in the switch length direction, but the overall width can be smaller, so the switch can be used in a distribution cabinet that has low requirements on the switch length and narrower requirements on the width, thereby improving the applicability of the switch.

Sixth embodiment

Please refer to FIG34 . The electric switch of the present embodiment is a four-pole electric switch, including a first pole switch 101, a second pole switch 102, a third pole switch 103 and a fourth pole switch 103C. The first pole switch 101, the second pole switch 102, the third pole switch 103 and the fourth pole switch 103C are all provided with a first terminal 40 and a second terminal 50. The fourth pole switch 103C is provided below the third pole switch 103. When the first terminal 40 or/and the second terminal 50 of the fourth pole switch are coaxially arranged with the first terminal 40 or/and the second terminal 50 of the first pole switch 101, the second pole switch 102 or the third pole switch 103, some parts of the wiring device on the first terminal 40 or/and the second terminal 50 of the first pole switch 101, the second pole switch 102 or the third pole switch 103 are detachable. By setting the terminal of the fourth pole switch 103C to be coaxial with the terminal of the first pole switch 101, the wiring of the fourth pole switch 103C is provided in this way. The terminal can make the terminal of the fourth pole switch 103C overlap below the terminal of the first pole switch 101, and the total width of the switch will not increase. In order to smoothly insert the screwdriver into the terminal of the fourth pole switch 103C during wiring, some parts of the wiring device on the terminal of the first pole switch 101 are detachable, and the wiring device at least includes screws, spring washers, and flat washers. When installing the wiring of the fourth pole switch 103C, the wiring device of the first pole switch 101 is disassembled, and the screwdriver is inserted from the thread of the first pole switch and through the hole of the insulating shell to the screw of the terminal of the fourth pole switch 103C for wiring installation. After the installation is completed, the wiring of other pole switches is carried out. The terminal of the fourth pole switch 103C is not limited to being coaxially arranged with the terminal of the first pole switch 101, and can also be coaxially arranged with the second pole switch 102 and the third pole switch 103. The effect of achieving more phase and pole settings without increasing the width is effectively saved. Installation space and cost. In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 35 , the first terminal and/or the second terminal of the fourth pole switch may be staggered and/or non-coaxially arranged with the first terminal and/or the second terminal of the first pole switch, the second pole switch, and the third pole switch.

Seventh embodiment

As shown in Figures 36, 37 and 38, the electrical switch of this embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that the moving contact 20 is hinged on the contact support 21, the moving contact 20 is only connected to the static contact 30 in a rotational manner, the transmission shaft 25 is inserted into the groove or through hole 21b at the end of the uppermost contact support 21, and the transmission shaft 25 is used as a mechanical structure to connect the contact support 21 to the multi-link mechanism 104 along the switch height direction, and then the moving contact 20 on the contact support 21 is driven by the multi-link mechanism 104 to rotate at an angle of 10 to 130 degrees, thereby realizing electrical contact or separation with the static contact 30. The moving contact of this embodiment has a simple and reliable structure and is commonly used in low-voltage AC and DC systems.

Eighth embodiment

As shown in Figures 39 and 40, the electrical switch of this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the moving contact 20 is movably arranged relative to the static contact 30, the structure of the driving part is cantilevered, the driving part includes a transmission shaft 25 and an output rod 1041, a plurality of contact supports 21 are connected to the multi-link mechanism through the transmission shaft 25, the output rod 1041 moves under the drive of the multi-link mechanism, the output rod 1041 transmits the driving force of the multi-link mechanism to the transmission shaft 25, drives the contact support 21 to move together, and then the moving contact 20 is driven by the multi-link mechanism 104 to translate, and the moving distance L is 1 to 50 mm, so as to realize electrical contact or separation with the static contact 30. The moving contact of this embodiment adopts a translation type, which has a simple and reliable structure and is commonly used in disconnectors to change circuit connections or isolate lines or equipment from power supplies.

Ninth embodiment

As shown in FIG41 , the electrical switch of this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a movable contact hard conductor 61 is connected between the moving contact 20 and the first terminal 40, and the movable contact hard conductor 61 is a copper sheet. One end of the moving contact 20 is provided with a plane and is movably connected to the hard conductor 61 provided with a plane. A second hole 20a for a moving fulcrum is provided on the plane of the moving contact 20, and an alloy contact 20d is provided on the other end. The process of connecting the movable contact hard conductor with the moving contact is simple, and the complex welding process of connecting the soft conductor with the moving contact can be omitted. At the same time, the cost can be reduced, and the moving contact movement space can be saved. It is often used in occasions where the internal space of the switch is small.

Tenth embodiment

As shown in Figure 42, the difference between the electric switch of this embodiment and that of the first embodiment is that the contact method between the moving contact 20 and the stationary contact 30 is a clamp-type contact. This embodiment adopts a clamp-type moving contact structure. When a large current passes through, the unidirectional current flowing through the two moving contacts will generate an electric suction force to clamp the stationary contact, which can greatly increase the contact pressure between the moving contact and the stationary contact and prevent the moving contact and the stationary contact from being repelled. It is often used in occasions with higher requirements for short-term withstand current.

Eleventh Embodiment

As shown in FIG43 , the electrical switch of this embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that the moving contact and the stationary contact are double-breakpoint structures. In this embodiment, two stationary contacts 30 are provided, and the two stationary contacts 30 are respectively provided at the diagonal positions at both ends of the moving contact 20. The moving contact 20 rotates under the drive of the multi-link mechanism 104 to achieve separation or contact with the stationary contact. Compared with the single-breakpoint moving contact, the moving contact of the double-breakpoint moving contact has a faster moving contact opening speed, generates a higher arc voltage through two breaks, and has a stronger current limiting capability, and is often used in high-voltage and high-breaking-capacity occasions.

In this embodiment, the double-breakpoint moving contact 30 and the two stationary contacts 30 constitute two breakpoints, and an arc channel is correspondingly arranged at each breakpoint. The arc channel extends from the arc extinguishing chamber 80 close to the stationary contact 30 along one side of the arc extinguishing chamber, bends, and then extends from the outlet along the length direction of the insulating member. The outlet of the arc channel is arranged on the side opposite to the opening direction of the moving contact 20. With such an arrangement, the arc channel is lengthened, so that the remaining short arc after being cut by the arc extinguishing chamber 80 is further extinguished, thereby realizing the zero arcing performance of the switch under high voltage and high breaking, and greatly improving the safety and reliability of the switch during use.

Twelfth Embodiment

As shown in FIG. 44 , the difference between the electrical switch of this embodiment and that of the first embodiment is that three arc extinguishing chambers 80 are arranged along the length direction of the electrical switch, and the splicing of multiple arc extinguishing chambers can achieve the arc extinguishing performance of an integrated arc extinguishing chamber, while reducing the difficulty of riveting a single arc extinguishing chamber grid, thereby facilitating automated production.

Thirteenth Embodiment

As shown in Figures 45 and 46, the difference between the electric switch of this example and the first embodiment is that the contact supports 21 of the three phase poles of the three-pole electric switch are arranged in an integrated manner, that is, the contact support 21 of the first pole switch 101, the contact support 21 of the second pole switch 102 and the contact support 21 of the third pole switch 103 are an integrated contact support structure. The integrated structure saves assembly steps, saving time and effort.

Fourteenth Embodiment

As shown in FIG47 , the difference between the electric switch of this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the structure of the driving part is a lever type, and the driving part includes a transmission shaft 25 and a fifth swing rod 10400. The transmission shaft is connected to the multi-link mechanism through the fifth swing rod, and the transmission shaft 25 is indirectly connected to the side of the contact support 21 in any second cavity. The transmission shaft 25 is inserted from the first cavity to the second cavity, one end of which is fixedly connected to the fifth swing rod 10400 in the first cavity, and the other end is connected to the rotation center of the contact support 21 through the connecting shaft 24 in the second cavity. The side of the contact support here refers to the side between the two ends of the contact support. In the circumferential direction of the contact support, an extension arm extends outward from the side of the connecting shaft 24, and two extension arm through holes are arranged on the extension arm. The two transmission shafts 25 extending from the multi-link mechanism 104 pass through the multiple second cavities and are respectively inserted into the corresponding two extension arm through holes on the connecting shaft 24. The other ends of the two transmission shafts 25 are connected to the fifth rocker. In this embodiment, the transmission shaft passes through the first cavity and the second cavity and is connected to the side of the contact support in the second cavity, so that the driving force of the control mechanism directly acts on the middle pole of the three-pole switch, so that the moving contact of the three-pole switch is more evenly stressed, the transmission is more reliable, and the stability is high.

Fifteenth Embodiment

As shown in Figures 48 to 49, the difference between the electrical switch of this embodiment and the fourteenth embodiment is that the contact support 21 is formed by splicing a first contact support 2101, a second contact support 2102 and a third contact support 2103. The first contact support 2101 has a negative structure 21c, and the second contact support 2102 has a positive structure 21d. The negative structure 21c and the positive structure 21d correspond in position and cooperate with each other. The first contact support 2101 and the second contact support 2102 are spliced together by the negative structure 21c and the positive structure 21d. Similarly, the second contact support 2102 and the third contact 2103 are also spliced together by the negative structure 21c and the positive structure 21d thereon. The negative structure 21c and the positive structure 21d can assemble multiple contact supports 21 into one.

One end of the two transmission shafts 25 is connected to the contact support, and the other end is connected to the output rod 1041. In this embodiment, the structure of the driving part is a lever type, and the driving part of the control mechanism is the transmission shaft 25 and the fifth swing rod 10400. The transmission shaft 25 connects the contact support 21 with the output rod 1041. Specifically, an extension arm is provided on the side of the contact support 21, and two extension arm through holes are provided on the extension arm. The transmission shaft includes a first transmission shaft 25a and a second transmission shaft 25b. The input ends of the first transmission shaft 25a and the second transmission shaft 25b are both connected to the fifth swing rod 10400 of the multi-link mechanism. The first transmission shaft 25a is stepped. The first transmission shaft 25a passes through the first contact support 210 1, the output end of the first transmission shaft 25a is connected to the second contact support 2102, the second transmission shaft 25b passes through the extension arm through holes on the first contact support 2101 and the second contact support 2102, and the output end of the second transmission shaft 25b is connected to the third contact support 2103. In this way, the movement force of the multi-link mechanism is first transmitted to the moving contact on the second contact support 2102, and then transmitted to the moving contact of the first contact support 2101 and the moving contact on the third contact support 2103 respectively. The moving contact of the three-pole switch is subjected to balanced force, which not only reliably transmits the movement force of the multi-link mechanism and has high stability, but also the extension arm of the contact support 21 wraps up the transmission shaft 25, which has high insulation.

As shown in Figures 50-57, in order to more clearly illustrate the implementation of the undervoltage release 170, the auxiliary switch 180, the alarm switch 190 and the shunt release (not shown) in the present switch, only the lever 1401, the traction rod 1402 and the contact support 21 are shown in the drawings to illustrate the state triggering of the undervoltage release 170, the auxiliary switch 180, the alarm switch 190 and the shunt release in different states of the switch. The undervoltage release 170, the auxiliary switch 180, the alarm switch 190 and the shunt release are arranged in the first cavity 150, located on both sides of the multi-link mechanism 104.

The undervoltage release 170 includes a guide rod 1701 and an assisting member 1702. When the line voltage is lower than a certain value of the rated voltage, the coil of the undervoltage release is not sufficient to remain attracted, and will release the tripping device that strikes the switch, causing the switch to be disconnected, thereby ensuring that the switch will not be closed by mistake, thereby ensuring the safety of the line load. The undervoltage release 170 is an assisting suction structure. When the switch is in the closed state, the undervoltage release 170 performs a release action, and the undervoltage release 170 drives the guide rod 1701 to move. The striking part 1701a of the guide rod 1701 strikes the traction rod 1402, thereby causing the switch to trip, and resists the traction rod 1402 to maintain it in the tripped state, thereby disconnecting the switch. The undervoltage release 170 needs to be attracted before closing the switch again. Since the undervoltage release 170 is an assisting suction structure, external force is required to attract the undervoltage release 170, so during the re-closing process. In the process, the lever 1401 triggers the first contact portion 1702a of the assisting member 1702, and rotates itself to make the second contact portion 1702b contact the reset portion 1701b of the guide rod 1701, thereby pushing the guide rod 1701 to drive the undervoltage releaser 170 to be attracted and reset, so that the striking portion 1701a of the guide rod 1701 is away from the traction rod 1402, thereby achieving normal closing of the switch. At the same time, the assisting member 1702 returns to its original position under the action of the reset spring (not shown), waiting for the next release of the undervoltage releaser 170 to reset and attract.

The shunt release is generally used for remote control to disconnect the switch. The shunt release is also an auxiliary suction structure, which is installed in the same position as the undervoltage release 170. When the switch needs to be disconnected remotely, the shunt coil of the shunt release is released, driving the guide rod 1701 to move, hitting the traction rod 1402 to trip the switch and disconnect it. When the next closing is to be performed, the auxiliary member 1702 is buckled again to reset the shunt release and at the same time, the auxiliary member 1702 returns to its original position under the action of the reset spring, waiting for the next release of the shunt release to reset and close.

The auxiliary switch 180 includes a trigger rod 1801 and an auxiliary contact. The auxiliary contact operates simultaneously with the main contact. The main contact here refers to the moving contact of the electrical switch. The auxiliary contact is used to indicate the opening and closing state of the main contact. In many cases, the main contact of the circuit breaker has a large current or a high voltage and cannot be used directly for monitoring. It must be replaced by an auxiliary switch, and the opening and closing state of the switch is judged by the state of the auxiliary switch. In the switch, the auxiliary switch is generally in one state in the closed state and in another state in the free tripping or opening state. The contact support 21 and the moving contact of the switch act synchronously, so the contact support 21 can be used in different positions to trigger the auxiliary switch 180, thereby judging the opening and closing state of the switch. The contact support 21 is provided with a swing rod 211. When the switch is in the open or free tripping state, if the contact support 21 drives the swing rod 211 to touch the trigger rod 1801 of the auxiliary switch 180, the contact state of the auxiliary switch 180 changes from normally closed to normally open. When the switch is closed, the contact support 21 drives the swing rod 211 away from the trigger rod 1801 of the auxiliary switch 180, thereby changing the contact state of the auxiliary switch 180 from normally open to normally closed. The state conversion of the auxiliary switch 180 is completed. In addition, the auxiliary switch 180 can also be arranged in the second cavity 160, and the auxiliary switch 180 can be directly triggered by the contact support 21 to convert the state.

For the alarm switch, it only operates when the switch trips due to a fault, and does not operate during normal opening operations. It is used to determine whether the circuit breaker trips due to a fault. In the switch, the traction rod is generally in one position when it is locked and closed, and in another position when it is free to trip. The position of the traction rod can be used to determine whether the switch is tripped due to a fault. The alarm switch 190 includes a trigger rod 1901, a rocker 1902 and a compression spring 1903. The trigger rod 1901 maintains a linkage state with the traction rod 1402 through the rocker 1902. The compression spring is arranged on the side of the rocker 1902 close to the traction rod 1402. When the switch is released or closed again, the traction rod 1402 flips over due to the action of the tripping button in the multi-link mechanism 104, and the side of the rocker 1902 close to the traction rod 1402 moves with the traction rod 1402 under the action of the spring 1903. At this time, the trigger rod 1901 moves with the other side of the rocker 1902. If the contact state of the alarm switch 190 changes from normally closed to normally open, when the switch is tripped due to a fault, the traction rod 1402 is reset, and the trigger rod 1901 is returned to its original position through the rocker 1902, thereby changing the contact state of the alarm switch 190 from normally open to normally closed, completing the state conversion of the alarm switch 190.

Sixteenth Embodiment

As shown in Figure 58, the difference between the electric switch of this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the control mechanism is an electric control mechanism, which is arranged in the first cavity of the electric switch. The control mechanism at least includes a motor 112, a transmission mechanism 113, and an electronic controller. In this embodiment, the motor drive shaft is the driving part of the control mechanism. The transmission mechanism 113 adopts a multi-stage gear transmission. The multi-pole gear is a mechanical structure connecting the driving part and the multi-link mechanism. One end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the motor 112, and the other end is connected to the half-shaft 1061. It is connected to the multi-link mechanism 104 through the half-shaft 1061. The motor 112 is connected to the electronic controller signal. The electronic controller transmits a signal to control the rotation of the motor 112. The rotation of the motor 112 drives the multi-link mechanism 104 to move, thereby driving the moving contact 20 to move, and realizing electrical contact or separation with the static contact 30. In this way, electric operation can replace manual operation, and there is no need for operators to arrive at the site. The electric switch can be opened and closed under remote signal control.

Seventeenth Embodiment

As shown in FIG. 59 , the electric switch of this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the control mechanism is an electromagnetic drive control mechanism, which is arranged in the first cavity of the electric switch. The control mechanism at least includes an electromagnet 115 and a multi-link mechanism 104. The electromagnet 115 is mechanically connected to the multi-link mechanism 104. The electromagnet is the driving part of the control mechanism. The multi-link mechanism includes a plurality of connecting rods as a mechanical structure. When the electromagnet 115 is energized, it generates a driving force and transmits it to the multi-link mechanism 104. The multi-link mechanism 104 drives the moving contact 20 to move, thereby achieving electrical contact and separation with the static contact 30. By setting up an electromagnetic drive control mechanism, the electromagnet is used to convert electromagnetic energy into mechanical energy, drive the moving contact to move, and realize the opening and closing operation of the switch. The switch has reliable performance, long service life, and fast response speed.

Eighteenth Embodiment

As shown in Figures 60 and 61, different from the first embodiment, the multi-link mechanism 104 is indirectly connected coaxially with the central axis of the contact support in the first cavity, driving the moving contact 20 on the contact support 21 to make a compound motion of moving back and forth and rotating along the switch length direction of the X-axis, and electrically connecting and disconnecting with the static contact.

Specifically, the driving part includes a transmission shaft 25 and an output rod 1041. The three contact supports 21 are assembled into one piece from bottom to top along the switch height direction of the Z axis through the connecting shaft 24. One end of the connecting shaft 24 is connected to the contact support 21, and the other end is hinged to the connecting rod 34. The other end of the connecting rod 34 is hinged to the insulating boss of the insulating member. The connecting rod 34 can rotate around the axis of the insulating boss. In this embodiment, the transmission shaft is a mechanical structure. The end of the contact support 21 located at the top is connected to the multi-link mechanism 104 through the transmission shaft 25. The transmission shaft 25 is inserted inside, and the transmission shaft 25 is connected to the output rod 1041 of the multi-link mechanism 104 along the switch height direction of the Z axis. The output rod 1041 drives the transmission shaft 25 to slide along the third slide groove 1042a on the side plate 1042, drives the contact support 21 to slide, and then drives the moving contact 20 to move forward and backward along the switch length direction of the X axis. At the same time, the output rod 1041 rotates along the axis of the transmission shaft 25 under the transmission action of the multi-link mechanism such as the upper link and the lower link, drives the contact support 21 to rotate along the axis, and then drives the moving contact 20 to rotate. In this embodiment, a multi-link structure is used to transmit power to realize the compound movement of the moving contact. Compared with the gear rack transmission, the structure is simple and reliable, the parts are easy to manufacture and install, and the production cost is low.

Nineteenth Embodiment

As shown in Figures 62 and 63, different from the eighteenth embodiment, the multi-link mechanism 104 is indirectly connected to the contact support 21 in the second cavity in a non-coaxial manner with the central axis of the contact support 21, driving the moving contact 20 on the contact support 21 to perform a combined motion of movement and rotation, and to electrically connect and disconnect with the static contact.

Specifically, one end of the connecting shaft 24 is connected to the contact support 21, and the three contact supports 21 are assembled into one body through the connecting shaft 24. The other end of the connecting shaft 24 is connected to the connecting rod 34. The driving part 1040 includes a transmission shaft 25 and an output rod 1041. The two transmission shafts 25 pass through multiple second cavities and are respectively inserted into the connection between the connecting shaft 24 and the connecting rod 34 and the other end of the connecting rod 34. The output rod 1041 drives the transmission shaft 25 to slide along the third slide groove 1042a on the side plate 1042, driving the contact support 21 to slide forward and backward along the upper slide groove 10a and the lower slide groove 11a of the insulating member, and then drives the moving contact 20 to slide. At the same time, the output rod 1041 rotates along the axis of the transmission shaft 25 under the transmission action of the upper connecting rod, the lower connecting rod and other multi-link mechanisms, driving the contact support 21 to rotate, and then driving the moving contact 20 to rotate. In this way, the driving force of the multi-link mechanism 104 in this embodiment directly acts on the middle pole of the three-pole switch, so that the moving contact of the three-pole switch is more evenly stressed, the transmission is more reliable, and the stability is high.

Twentieth Embodiment

As shown in Figures 64, 65 and 66, compared with other embodiments, the structure of the driving part in this embodiment is a rotating rod type. The driving part 1040 drives the moving contact 20 in a one-degree-of-freedom motion mode, and the driving action output is in the form of rotation. The driving part 1040 at least includes a transmission shaft 25, a first swing rod 10401, a second swing rod 10402, a third swing rod 10403, and a linkage rod 10405. The control mechanism is arranged in the first cavity 150, and the transmission shaft 25 is inserted from the first cavity 150 to the second cavity 160, and is arranged parallel to the rotation center of the moving contact 20. The transmission shaft 25 is connected to the multi-link mechanism 104 of the control mechanism through two first swing rods 10401, that is, the first swing rod 10402. One end of 401 is connected to the transmission shaft 25, and the other end is connected to the multi-link mechanism 104. It rotates under the control of the multi-link mechanism 104 of the control mechanism. The transmission shaft 25 is connected to one end of the second rocker 10402, and the other end of the second rocker 10402 is hinged to the linkage rod 10405. The linkage rod 10405 is connected to the contact support 21 through the third rocker 10403; the contact supports 21 are coaxially and stacked in multiple second cavities 160, and are connected between the contact supports 21 through a non-rotatable connecting shaft 24. When the transmission shaft 25 rotates, the rotational motion is transmitted to the contact support 21 through the linkage rod 10405, so that the moving contact 20 and the static contact 30 can be electrically connected and disconnected. Since the multi-link mechanism 104 of the control mechanism is arranged in the first cavity 150, and the contact support 21 is arranged in a stacked manner in the second cavity 160, as the frame current increases, its height will also increase, and the pressure on the moving contact 20 will also increase. The multi-link mechanism 104 of the control mechanism is prone to flipping when operating on one side, which will cause the moving contact at the far end to not close in place. The deflection problem is solved by adopting a one-degree-of-freedom rotation drive method and applying a rotational force to the middle layer contact support 21. The rotation center of the drive unit 1040 is parallel to the rotation center of the contact support 21 but is not coaxially arranged. The torsional force is transmitted to the contact support 21 in the middle position through the transmission shaft 25 to perform closing and opening operations, which has the effect of rapid and smooth action. The transmission shaft 25 is set as a hexagonal shaft, which cooperates with the hexagonal holes on the first swing arm 10401 and the second swing arm 10402. When the transmission shaft 25 rotates, the first swing arm and the second swing arm can also swing synchronously. The transmission shaft 25 and the shaft holes of the first swing arm and the second swing arm are not limited to hexagonal, but can also be triangular. The contact support 21 is stacked and connected by a connecting shaft 24. The connecting shaft 24 is installed at the rotation center of the contact support 21. The connecting shaft 24, the contact support 21, and the third swing rod 10403 are fixedly connected to each other and cannot rotate relative to each other, so that all contact supports 21 can rotate synchronously together. The third swing rod 10403 and the second swing rod 10402 are hinged by a linkage rod 10405. When the control When the multi-link mechanism 104 of the mechanism performs the closing and opening operations, the swing force is first applied to the first swing rod 10401, and the first swing rod 10401 rotates under the force, and transmits the rotational force to the second swing rod 10402. The second swing rod 10402 performs the swing amplitude movement and transmits the swing amplitude movement force to the third swing rod 10403 through the linkage rod 10405. The third swing rod 10403 transmits the swing force to the contact support 21 to realize the rotational movement, thereby performing the connection and disconnection operations of the moving contact 20 and the static contact 30. The lengths of the three swing rods in this embodiment can be adjusted to each other according to the torque and angle requirements of the rotation, so as to achieve a larger rotation angle or a larger torque.

Twenty-first embodiment

As shown in Figures 67 and 68, compared with other embodiments, the driving unit 1040 of this embodiment drives the moving contact 20 in a one-degree-of-freedom motion mode, the driving action output is in the form of rotation, the structure of the driving unit is a rotating rod type, the driving unit 1040 at least includes a transmission shaft 25 and a fourth swing rod 10404, the multi-link mechanism 104 of the control mechanism is arranged in the first cavity 105, the transmission shaft 25 is connected to the multi-link mechanism 104 of the control mechanism through at least two fourth swing rods 10404, and performs rotational motion under the control of the multi-link mechanism 104 of the control mechanism, the rotation center 212 of the contact support 21 is eccentric to the rotation center of the moving contact 20 relative to the contact support 21, the distance between the rotation center 212 of the contact support 21 and the alloy contact 20d of the moving contact is greater than the distance from the rotation center of the moving contact 20 to the alloy contact 20d, and the transmission shaft 25 is inserted from the first cavity 105 to the second cavity 16 0, runs through the rotation center 212 of the contact support 21, the transmission shaft 25 is coaxially arranged with the rotation center 212 of the contact support 21, the transmission shaft 25 and the contact support 21 are fixedly connected and cannot rotate with each other; the contact support 21 is coaxially and stacked in a plurality of second cavities 160, and is connected between the plurality of contact supports 21 by a non-rotatable connecting shaft 24, the fourth swing rod 10404 is driven by the multi-link mechanism 104 of the control mechanism to perform a swing motion to make the transmission shaft 25 perform a rotation motion to drive the contact support 21 to perform a rotation motion, so that the moving contact 20 and the static contact 30 are electrically connected and disconnected, because the circuit breaker requires a larger opening distance between the moving contact and the static contact under high voltage level application conditions to achieve a larger electrical gap, compared with the previous embodiment, this embodiment moves the rotation center 212 of the contact support 21 away from the moving contact alloy contact 20d, without changing the length of the moving contact 20 A larger rotation radius can be achieved, so that the opening distance of the moving contact 20 is larger under the same rotation angle and space conditions. The transmission shaft 25 is inserted into the rotation center 212 of the contact support 21, and the torsional force is transmitted to the contact support 21 through the transmission shaft 25 to make the entire contact support 21 rotate. When the moving contact 20 contacts the static contact 30, the moving contact 20 and the contact support 21 rotate to achieve contact overtravel and contact pressure. The rotation center 212 of the contact support 21 is eccentrically set, and the torsional force is directly applied to the contact support 21, so that the contact support 21 rotates to drive the moving contact to contact and separate with the static contact. The transmission shaft 25 is set as a hexagonal shaft, which cooperates with the hexagonal hole of the fourth swing rod 10404 and the rotation center 212 of the contact support 21. When the transmission shaft 25 rotates, the contact support 21 can also rotate with it. The transmission shaft 25 and the fourth swing rod 10404 and the rotation center 212 of the contact support 21 are connected. The shaft hole cooperation of 12 is not limited to hexagonal, but can also be a triangle, quadrilateral, polygon, special shape and other shapes that cannot rotate with each other to achieve the effect of transmitting rotational motion. The contact support 21 is stacked and connected by a connecting shaft 24. The connecting shaft 24 is installed at the rotation center of the contact support 21 and the moving contact 20. The connecting shaft 24 and the contact support 21 are fixedly connected to each other and cannot rotate relative to each other, so that all contact supports 21 can rotate synchronously together. The fourth swing rod 10404 is connected to the multi-link mechanism 104 of the control mechanism. When the control mechanism performs closing and opening operations, the swing power is first applied to the fourth swing rod 10404. The fourth swing rod 10404 is subjected to force to cause the transmission shaft to rotate. The transmission shaft 25 transmits the rotational force to the contact support 21, and the contact support 21 rotates with the moving contact 20 to realize the connection and disconnection operations of the moving contact 20 and the static contact 30. The length of the fourth swing rod 10404 of this embodiment and the distance between the rotation center 212 of the contact support 21 and the alloy contact 20d of the moving contact can be adjusted to each other according to the torque and angle requirements of the rotation, so as to transmit a larger rotation angle or achieve a larger torque, and better realize a large opening distance to improve the rated voltage level.

Twenty-second embodiment

As shown in Figures 69 and 70, different from the first embodiment, the multi-link mechanism 104 of this embodiment includes two groups of four-link structures, and the multi-link mechanism 104 includes a first link 10411, a second link 10412, a third link 10413, a fourth link 10414, a fifth link 10415, a fixed plate 10417 and a jump-button rod 10418. One end of the first link 10411 is fixedly hinged on the jump-button rod 10418, and the hinge point is point A. The other end of the first link 10411 is movable and rotationally hinged to one end of the second link 10412, and the hinge point is point B. The other end of the second link 10412 is movable and rotationally hinged to one end of the third link 10413, and the hinge point is point C. The other end of the third link 10413 is fixedly hinged to the fixed plate 10417, and the hinge point is point D , and the third link 10413 can rotate around the hinge point D, the first link 10411, the second link 10412, and the third link 10413 form a first set of four-link structures; one end of the fourth link 10414 is hinged to the third link 10413, and the hinge point is point E, and the other end of the fourth link 10414 is hinged to the fifth link 10415, and the hinge point is point H. The fifth link 10415 is fixedly hinged to the fixed plate 10417, the hinge point is point G, and the fifth link 10415 can rotate around the hinge point G, the third link 10413, the fourth link 10414 and the fifth link 10415 form a second set of four-link structures; the other end of the fifth link 10415 can rotate and slide in the slide slot 10416, and the hinge point of the fifth link 10415 in the fourth slide slot 10416 of the fixed plate 10417 is point F. As the output end of the multi-link mechanism, the fifth link 10415 can drive the contact support 21 to rotate.

In this embodiment, the first group of four-link structures and the second group of four-link structures together form a multi-link mechanism 104, wherein the lever ratio DE/CD between the distance DE between the hinge point D and the hinge point E and the distance CD between the hinge point C and the hinge point D is greater than 1.0; the lever ratio FG between the distance FG between the hinge point F and the hinge point G and the distance GH between the hinge point G and the hinge point H is greater than 1.0. The lever ratio of the multi-link mechanism is adjusted to achieve the enlargement of the contact support angle during opening and closing, thereby increasing the angle between the moving contact and the static contact. In other embodiments, the number of links included in the multi-link mechanism can be increased or decreased to achieve the same angle enlargement effect. In this way, the switch can achieve a large contact opening distance, which can better meet the requirements of the new power system for high voltage, high breaking, and zero arcing of the switch electrical equipment.

As shown in Figures 71 and 72, the structure of the driving part in this embodiment is a lever type, and the driving part includes a fifth connecting rod 10415 and a transmission shaft 10420. The driving part is directly driven by other connecting rods of the multi-link mechanism. The transmission shaft 10420 is plug-connected to the connecting part 212 of the contact support 21. The contact support 21 rotates around its own axis 211 under the activation of the driving part, so that the moving contact and the static contact can be electrically connected and disconnected.

Twenty-third embodiment

As shown in Figures 73 to 75, the difference between the electrical switch of this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the side of the contact support 21 in any second cavity is indirectly connected to the multi-link mechanism 104. This method allows the multi-link mechanism to act on the contact support of the middle phase pole of the switch, which can improve the stability of motion transmission.

The multi-link mechanism 104 of the control mechanism is arranged in the first cavity. The multi-link mechanism of the control mechanism is a four-link structure, including an upper link 10431, a lower link 10432 and an output rod 1041 which are rotatably connected in sequence. A waist hole 1041a is arranged at the end of the output rod 1041. The middle part of the output rod 1041 is hinged with the axis on the side plate 1042 of the control mechanism. The contact support 21 is coaxially and stacked in multiple second cavities. Multiple contact supports 21 are connected by a non-rotatable connecting shaft 24. At least one gear 24a is arranged on the rotating axis of the connecting shaft 24, and at least one rack is arranged opposite to the outer edge of the gear 24a. The gear 24a rotates or moves with the contact support 21, and the rack is fixed or integrated with the insulating member. When the contact support moves along the slide slot, the gear on the contact support will rotate along itself due to the torsional torque of the rack, thereby driving the moving contact to move and rotate in a combined motion to connect or disconnect electricity with the static contact.

The control mechanism is provided with a driving part for directly or indirectly driving the side movement of the contact support, and the structure of the driving part is a lever type.

Specifically, the driving part includes an output rod 1041, a transmission shaft 25, a first rod 1045 and a second rod 1046. The transmission shaft 25 can slide in the waist hole 1041a. A third slide groove 1042a is provided on the side plate 1042 of the control mechanism. The transmission shaft 25 passes through the waist hole 1041a and the third slide groove 1042a. One end of the first rod 1045 is connected to the transmission shaft 25, and the other end of the first rod 1045 is connected to one end of the second rod 1046. The other end of the second rod 1046 is hinged with the rotation center of the contact support 21, and the contact support 25 can rotate around the connection between it and the second rod 1046. The movement of the output rod 1041 of the multi-link mechanism causes the transmission shaft 25 to move along the third slide groove 1042a on the side plate 1042, and then the first rod 1045 and the second rod 1046 drive the contact support 21 to move along the slide groove on the insulating member 10 of the insulating housing. When the contact support 21 moves along the slide groove 10a on the insulating member, the gear 24a on the contact support 21 rotates along itself under the torsional torque of the rack 26, and then drives the moving contact to move and rotate in a combined motion to connect or disconnect electricity with the static contact. A guide hole 12a is provided on the insulating member 10 for the second rod 1046 to move along the length direction of the switch. Both ends of the first rod 1045 are provided with welded sleeves to increase the stability of force transmission.

Twenty-fourth embodiment

As shown in Figures 76 and 77, the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the driving part includes an output rod 1041, a third rod 1047 and a transmission shaft 25, and the multi-link mechanism of the control mechanism is a four-link structure, which includes an upper link 10431, a lower link 10432 and an output rod 1041. The middle part of the output rod 1041 is hinged with the shaft on the side panel of the control mechanism, and a circular hole 1041b is provided at the end of the output rod 1041. One end of the third rod is hinged with the output rod through the circular hole 1041b, and the other end is hinged with the transmission shaft 25. One end of the transmission shaft 25 is connected to the center end of the uppermost contact support and passes through the third slide groove on the control mechanism. The output rod 1041 of the multi-link mechanism drives the transmission shaft 25 to move along the third slide groove, thereby driving the contact support to move.

Twenty-fifth embodiment

As shown in FIG. 78 , the difference between this embodiment and the twenty-fourth embodiment is that the multi-link mechanism 104 is indirectly connected to the side of the contact support 21 in any second cavity. This method allows the multi-link mechanism to act on the contact support of the middle phase pole of the switch, thereby improving the stability of motion transmission.

The driving part includes an output rod 1041, a third rod 1047, a transmission shaft 25, a first rod 1045 and a second rod 1046. The multi-link mechanism 104 includes an upper connecting rod, a lower connecting rod and an output rod 1041. A circular hole 1041b is provided at the end of the output rod 1041. One end of the third rod 1047 passes through the circular hole 1041b and is hinged to the output rod 1041, and the other end is hinged to the transmission shaft 25. The transmission shaft 25 passes through the third sliding groove 1042a of the control mechanism and is connected to one end of the first rod 1045. The other end of the first rod 1045 is connected to one end of the second rod 1046. The other end of the second rod 1046 is hinged to the rotation center of the contact support 21 in any second cavity. When the output rod 1041 of the control mechanism drives the third rod 1047 to move, the third rod drives the transmission shaft to move up and down along the third sliding groove of the control mechanism, and drives the contact support to move up and down through the first rod and the second rod.

Twenty-sixth embodiment

As shown in FIG. 79 , the electric switch of this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the internal components further include a current collector 300, at least one electronic controller 400, and a magnetic flux converter 500, and the current collector 300 and the magnetic flux converter 500 are electrically connected to the electronic controller 400, respectively, the current collector 300 is arranged in the second cavity 160, and the electronic control machine 400 and the magnetic flux converter 500 are arranged in the first cavity 150. Among them, the current collector 300 is used to detect the current of the second terminal 50, and the electronic controller 400 receives the current collected by the current collector 300 and makes a judgment on it. When the electronic controller 400 recognizes that the current collected by the current collector 300 is an overcurrent, it controls the magnetic flux converter 500 to act and hit the traction rod 1402, thereby causing the switch to trip.

In other embodiments, as shown in FIG80 , the electronic controller 400 may also be mounted as an independent unit below the multi-pole switch in the height direction. In this way, the electronic circuit breaker has a fast response capability, With the characteristics of precise protection, efficient power management, and remote operation, it can detect faults in the circuit in a relatively short time and quickly disconnect the circuit, effectively avoiding circuit damage and accidents, and can effectively reduce the incidence of circuit accidents and improve the safety performance of the circuit.

Twenty-seventh embodiment

As shown in Figure 81, different from the first embodiment, the first terminal 40 and/or the second terminal 50 of this embodiment is a clamp device 120, and the clamp devices 120 on the first pole switch and the second pole switch are arranged up and down and the central axis P4 is coaxially arranged, that is, the two clamp devices 120 arranged up and down are arranged opposite to each other without misalignment, which makes installation and wiring more convenient, eliminates cumbersome screw connections, and greatly improves the efficiency of switch installation and wiring.

As shown in FIG82 , the central axes of the multiple upper and lower chuck devices can also be arranged in a non-coaxial manner, and there is a distance between the central axis P5 of the upper chuck device 120 and the central axis P6 of the lower chuck device 120, that is, the upper and lower chuck devices 120 are arranged in a left-right offset relationship with each other along the width direction of the switch. The specific arrangement of the chuck device can be flexibly adjusted according to different applications.

As shown in Figure 83, this embodiment also provides a power distribution system, including multiple groups of conductive bars 200 and multiple electric switches. The multiple electric switches are arranged along the width direction (Y-axis direction) and installed in the distribution cabinet. The multiple groups of conductive bars 200 are arranged in sequence along the height direction of the electric switch. Each group of conductive bars 200 extends along the width direction of the electric switch. The phase poles are stacked along the depth direction of the cabinet, that is, the height direction of the switch. The conductive bar 200 is inserted into the slot 1001 at the end of the electric switch and is clamped and connected with the clamp device 120. This embodiment uses a clamp device to connect the conductive bar, which makes installation and wiring more convenient, eliminates cumbersome screw connections, and greatly improves installation and wiring efficiency.

Twenty-eighth Embodiment

As shown in Figure 84, different from the first embodiment, the electrical switch is a four-pole electrical switch, which includes a first pole switch 101, a second pole switch 102, a third pole switch 103 and a fourth pole switch. The first terminal 40 or/and the second terminal 50 of this embodiment is a pulling device 140, and multiple pulling devices 140 are stacked along the height Z direction of the switch and the central axes are not coaxially arranged, that is, the central axis P1 of the pulling device 140 at one end of the first pole switch 101, the central axis P2 of the pulling device 140 at one end of the second pole switch 102, the central axis P3 of the pulling device 140 at one end of the third pole switch 103, and the central axis P4 of the pulling device 140 at one end of the fourth pole switch are not on the same axis.

Furthermore, the lifting device 140 is at least composed of screws 140a, terminal blocks 140b and terminal frames 140c, and the tightening direction of the terminal screws is at an angle of about 1 to 60 degrees with the Z-axis direction of the circuit breaker height direction. When the conductive bar is installed, the conductive bar can be in the form of a comb-shaped conductive bar, a straight bar, etc. When it is a straight bar, the terminal frame can be slotted to form a C-shaped terminal frame, which can avoid the straight bar to be obliquely inserted into the switch terminal and pass through the switches to facilitate current convergence. When the conductive bar is a comb-shaped conductive bar, the terminal frame can be a conventional tunnel-type terminal frame. The comb-shaped conductive bar is inserted into the tunnel-type terminal frame in an inclined form with each comb tooth spacing being the spacing of the switches installed side by side, and the terminal block and the conductive bar are fastened to form electrical contact. This type of inclined layout terminal saves space compared to the conventional step-type staggered layout terminal, and the wiring method is also convenient and flexible, which can adapt to the installation of conductive bars and wires or UT terminals.

Twenty-ninth embodiment

As shown in Figures 85 and 86, this embodiment is different from the twenty-eighth embodiment in that the central axes of multiple lifting devices 140 are coaxially arranged. Specifically, when the central axes or central axes of the first terminal 40 or the second terminal 50 of this embodiment are coaxially arranged in different phases and poles, the first terminal 40 or the second terminal 50 is provided with a lifting device, and the lifting device at least includes a screw 501, a wiring board 503, a wiring frame 502, an inter-pole linkage insulating member 504, and an anti-loosening spring 505. The wiring board 503 and the wiring frame 502 are provided with through holes, and the wiring board 503 is arranged in the wiring frame 502. The inter-pole linkage insulating member 504 and the anti-loosening spring 505 are coaxially arranged with the through holes. The screw 501, the wiring frame 502, the wiring board 503, the anti-loosening spring 505, and the inter-pole linkage insulating member 504 are arranged in the Z-axis direction according to the Z-axis direction. The arrangement is overlapped and repeated according to the number of phases and poles. A fixing shaft is provided on one of the screw 501 and the inter-pole linkage insulator 504, and a fixing hole is provided on the other. The fixing shaft is a square shaft or a polygonal shaft, and the fixing hole is a square hole or a polygonal hole. In order to make the width and volume of the switch narrower and the size in the length direction smaller, the connection terminals of the switches of all poles are overlapped and coaxially arranged. When installing, the pulling device of the connection terminal of the first pole switch 101 is tightened with a screwdriver, and the pulling devices of the connection terminals of the second pole switch 102, the third pole switch 103, and the fourth pole switch 103C are also pulled and pressed to tighten the connection. The pulling device can be adjusted according to the The number of phases and poles are overlapped, and the pole-to-pole linkage insulating member 504 is used for connection in the middle. When the first pole switch 101 is connected and tightened by a screwdriver, the pole-to-pole linkage insulating member 504 set between the first pole switch 101 and the second pole switch 102 transmits the torsional force to the lifting device of the second pole switch 102, so that the lifting device of the second pole switch 102 also performs a lifting and pressing action to press the terminal board 503 to achieve synchronous compression and wiring. The third pole switch 103 and the fourth pole switch 103C also transmit the torsional force through the pole-to-pole linkage insulating member 504 in the same way to make them perform a lifting action to press the terminal board 503 for wiring. In order to make the wiring reliable, an anti-loosening device is also provided in the lifting device. The spring 505, the screw 501 and the wiring frame 502 are used to lift the wiring frame through the thread, and a conductor is inserted between the two wiring boards 503. One of the wiring boards 503 is against the anti-loosening spring 505. During the lifting process of the wiring frame 502, the anti-loosening spring 505 is squeezed, and the anti-loosening spring 505 transfers the pressure to the wiring board 503. When the anti-loosening spring 505 is pulled to the limit position, it is completely compressed, and the gap between the wiring board 503 and the conductor is completely closed and pressure contacted. The potential energy of the anti-loosening spring 505 is always maintained. When the switch is vibrated or the conductor yields, it will not cause virtual contact or loosening failure, which greatly improves the safety of wiring installation and the reliability of long-term operation.

Thirtieth Embodiment

As shown in Figures 87, 88 and 89, different from the first embodiment, the screw crimping device 130 of this embodiment is composed of at least a screw 130a and a terminal block 130b, the screw pressing direction is consistent with the X-axis direction of the electrical switch, the nut is arranged below the terminal block or the thread is directly arranged on the terminal block, the conductive bar 200 is provided with a groove or a hole, the groove or the hole on the conductive bar 200 surrounds the screw, and after the screw is tightened, a crimping force is formed between the conductive bar 200 and the terminal block, so that the terminal block and the conductive bar 200 are in electrical contact. When disassembling, loosen the screws, and the electrical switch as a whole slides along the Z-axis direction of the slotting direction to disassemble and maintain a single switch without changing the position of the conductive bar 200. An insulating retaining wall is also provided on the housing between adjacent phase poles of the electrical switch to electrically isolate adjacent phase poles, increase creepage distance and electrical clearance, and improve system safety. This embodiment is very convenient for multi-way convergence or diversion in a distribution box/cabinet, and has the advantages of saving conductors, simplifying switch layout, convenient installation, reliable electrical contact, and convenient single maintenance or replacement. In this embodiment, the conductive bar 200 is in the shape of a long strip. In other embodiments, the conductive bar can be in the shape of an L-shape or a U-shape, and the specific shape is not limited.

The present application also provides a pressure plate device, as shown in FIG90 , the pressure plate device at least comprises a screw 1101, a terminal block 1105, a pressure plate 1104, a spring washer 1102, a flat washer 1103, and a nut 1106. When the screw 1101 is tightened, the external conductive bar 1107 disposed between the terminal block 1105 and the pressure plate 1104 is stressed and fastened between the pressure plate 1104 and the terminal block 1105. The terminal block 1105 is provided with a threaded hole or a through hole matching the screw 1101 and a nut 1106. The pressure plate 1104 is L-shaped, with a through hole in the middle for passing the screw 1101, and the right-angle end 1104b is away from the external conductive bar 1107. The straight end of the busbar 1107 is crimped onto the external conductive busbar 1107. The straight end is provided with a protrusion 1104a, which is located at the crimping position. The distance between the protrusion 1104a and the through hole is smaller than the distance between the right-angle end 1104b and the through hole. When the pressure plate device 110 is arranged in this way, when multiple switches are placed side by side for busbar wiring installation, the amount of busbar can be saved, and there is no need for overlapping and bending operations. The shape of the busbar can also be further simplified to save costs and improve efficiency. In order to achieve the above purpose, it is necessary to ensure that the busbar or the external conductive busbar 1107 can still be reliably crimped when it is placed on only one side of the screw 1101. The pressure plate 110 of this embodiment 4 is cleverly designed, the pressing plate 1104 is provided with a right-angle end 1104b and a raised portion 1104a, and a through hole for passing the screw 1101 is provided in the middle of the pressing plate 1104. When the screw 1101 is tightened, the raised portion 1104a presses the external conductive bar 1107 tightly, so that the external conductive bar 1107 and the terminal block 1105 are firmly fitted and fastened to achieve reliable electrical contact. The raised portion 1104a is to solve the problem that when the screw 1101 is tightened and installed, the pressing plate 1104 will have elastic deformation, which will cause the pressure point of the pressing plate 1104 on the external conductive bar 1107 to change, causing the external conductive bar 1107 to loosen. In order to achieve more reliable In order to achieve a fastening effect, the spacing between the protrusion of the pressure plate 1104 and the through hole is smaller than the spacing between the through hole and the right-angle end 1104b. This arrangement allows the downward pressure of the screw 1101 to be applied to the external conductive bar 1107 more through the protrusion 1104a, so that the fastening effect is better. In this embodiment, according to the elastic effect of the pressure plate 1104, its flat washer and spring washer can be selectively used to achieve the anti-loosening effect. The terminal block 1105 can be processed into a threaded hole to cooperate with the screw 1101 to achieve fastening, or a nut 1106 can be set at the bottom to cooperate with the screw 1101 to achieve fastening, both of which can achieve the effect of this embodiment.

Thirty-first embodiment

As shown in Figures 91, 92 and 93, compared with other embodiments, the multi-link mechanism 104 in this embodiment is indirectly connected coaxially with the central axis of the contact support 21 in the first cavity, driving the moving contact 20 on the contact support 21 to rotate along the switch height direction of the Z axis, and electrically connects and disconnects with the static contact 30.

Specifically, the driving part 1040 at least includes an output rod 1041, a transmission shaft 25 and a connecting shaft 24. The multi-link mechanism 104 of the control mechanism is arranged in the first cavity 105. The transmission shaft 25 is connected to the multi-link mechanism 104 of the control mechanism through the output rod 1041, and performs rotational motion under the control of the multi-link mechanism 104 of the control mechanism. The transmission shaft 25 is inserted from the first cavity 105 into the plurality of second cavities 160, passing through the rotation center of the contact support 21 and the output rod 1041. One end of the transmission shaft 25 passes through the square hole on the output rod 1041 and is rotatably plugged into the side plate 1042, and the other end is rotatably plugged into the insulating cover of the third pole switch 103. A through hole for the transmission shaft 25 to pass through is provided inside the connecting shaft 24. , the connecting shaft 24 passes through the contact support 21, and the mating surface of the connecting shaft 24 and the contact support 21 is arched, and is fixedly connected to the contact support 21 and cannot rotate with each other; the contact support 21 is coaxially and stacked in multiple second cavities 160, one end of the connecting shaft 24 is a female structure 24a, and the other end is a male structure 24b, and multiple contact supports 21 are connected by the female structure 24a and the male structure 24b of the concentric and non-rotatable connecting shaft 24. The transmission shaft 25 runs through the connecting shaft 24, and the output rod 1041 is driven by the multi-link mechanism 104 of the control mechanism to perform a swing motion to make the transmission shaft 25 rotate to drive the contact support 21 to rotate, so that the moving contact 20 and the static contact 30 can be electrically connected and disconnected.

The transmission shaft 25 is inserted into the rotation center of the connecting shaft 24, and the torsional force is transmitted to the contact support 21 through the transmission shaft 25, so that the entire contact support 21 rotates. When the moving contact 20 contacts the static contact 30, the moving contact 20 and the contact support 21 rotate to achieve contact overtravel and contact pressure. The transmission shaft 25 and the rotation center of the connecting shaft 24 are concentrically arranged, and the torsional force is directly applied to the contact support 21, so that the contact support 21 rotates to drive the moving contact to contact and separate from the static contact. The transmission shaft 25 is set as a hexagonal shaft, which cooperates with the hexagonal holes in the center of the connecting shaft 24 and the output rod 1041. When the transmission shaft 25 rotates, the contact support 21 can also rotate with it. The cooperation between the transmission shaft 25 and the output rod 1041 and the axial hole in the center of the connecting shaft 24 is not limited to the hexagonal shape, but can also be a triangle, quadrilateral, polygon, special shape, etc. that cannot rotate with each other to achieve the effect of transmitting rotational motion. Similarly, the matching surface of the connecting shaft 24 and the contact support 21 is not limited to the limitation of the bow shape.

The contact supports 21 are arranged in a stacked manner and connected by a connecting shaft 24. The connecting shaft 24 is installed at the rotation center of the contact support 21 and the moving contact 20. The connecting shaft 24 and the contact support 21 are fixedly connected to each other and cannot rotate relative to each other, so that all the contact supports 21 can rotate synchronously together. The output rod 1041 is connected to the multi-link mechanism 104 of the control mechanism. When the control mechanism performs closing and opening operations, the swinging power is first applied to the output rod 1041. The output rod 1041 is subjected to force to cause the transmission shaft 25 to rotate. The transmission shaft 25 transmits the rotational force to the contact support 21 through the connecting shaft 24. The contact support 21 rotates with the moving contact 20 to realize the connection and disconnection operations of the moving contact 20 and the static contact 30. In this example, the length of the output rod 24 can be adjusted according to the torque and angle requirements of the rotation, so as to transmit a larger rotation angle or achieve a larger torque. The transmission shaft 25 is inserted into the side plate 1042 and the insulating shell to maintain stability during rotation and reduce the torque loss caused by offset. By running through the connecting shaft 24 and driving the contact support 21 to rotate around its center, better insulation performance between layers can be guaranteed.

The present application also provides connection structures of conductive bars and electrical switches in various structural forms. As shown in FIGS. 94 to 99 , multiple first terminals of at least one electrical switch are directly or indirectly connected to multiple groups of conductive bars 200. The multiple groups of conductive bars 200 are arranged in a horizontal or vertical direction. The electrical switches are arranged in the horizontal or vertical direction following the multiple groups of conductive bars 200. The conductive bars 200 are in the shape of a flat straight bar or one side of which is provided with a hole, an opening, a groove or a protrusion. When the conductive bars 200 are in the shape of a flat straight bar, any side of the conductive bars 200 is directly connected to the first terminal 40 of the electrical switch. When a hole, opening, groove or protrusion is set on one side of the conductive bar 200, the side where the hole, opening, groove or protrusion is set is directly or indirectly fixedly connected to the first terminal 40 of the electrical switch, and the conductive member of the first terminal 40 extends out or is shorter than the insulating shell of the switch. The multiple groups of conductive bars 200 are composed of at least one or two conductive bar groups 200, and a spacing is set between the two conductive bars 200. The multiple first terminals 40 are inserted into the spacing to be electrically connected to the conductive bar 200 respectively. In the actual application of the power distribution system, the electrical switch can be configured according to The number of switches and the length of the conductive bar 200 are set according to the number of current branches actually required. The layout direction of the switch and the conductive bar 200 can be horizontal or vertical. The layout method can be set according to the installation space and the shape of the distribution cabinet. The shape and structure of the conductive bar 200 can be flexibly changed according to the implementation scheme of the switch terminal 40. It can be a straight flat conductive bar, or a conductive bar with a hole or opening or a groove or a protrusion on one side. The structural features of the different implementation schemes of the conductive bar 200 are mainly used to match the structural form of different switch terminal wiring devices and the current specifications. The number of the conductive bar 200 is set according to the number of phases and poles of the switch. The single-pole switch uses one conductive bar, the two-pole switch uses two conductive bars, the three-pole switch uses three conductive bars, and the four-pole switch uses four conductive bars. The conductive bar 200 is set according to the stacking direction of the switch, and the spacing is arranged according to the layer spacing of the switch, so that the conductive bar 200 can be accurately inserted into the first terminal 40 of each phase and pole to facilitate electrical connection and realize the distribution of electrical energy. When the first terminal 40 of the electrical switch is set as a clamp device 120, the conductive bar 40 can be set as a flat straight bar, and the flat end can be directly inserted into the clamp to achieve electrical contact, which is convenient and quick to install, and the conductive bar structure is also simple and convenient to process. When the first terminal 40 of the electrical switch is set as a screw clamping device 130, the conductive bar 200 can be directly clamped on the terminal board 130b to achieve electrical contact between the conductive bar 200 and the terminal board. In order to achieve a better conductive effect, a conductive connecting strip 130d can also be set on the conductive bar 200 and the terminal board to enhance conductivity. The structure of the terminal bar 200 can be implemented as a flat straight bar or a hole, opening or groove is set on one side to be electrically connected to the first terminal 40. Multiple groups of conductive bars 200 extend into the insulating housing of the electrical switch and are adjacent to the first terminal 40 or are set on the first terminal 40. There are crimping parts to compress and tighten to achieve multi-pole switches matching multiple groups of conductive bars. 200 is installed. When the electric switch, the first terminal 40 is set as a pull-up device 140, the gap between the terminal board and the terminal frame is tightened by the screw and the thread of the terminal frame, so that the conductive bar 200 inserted into the gap is pressed and fixed between the terminal board. A protrusion is provided on one side of the conductive bar 200, and the protrusion is inserted into the gap and pressed and fixed to achieve electrical connection. When the electric switch, the first terminal 40 is set as a pressing plate device 110, the gap between the terminal board and the pressing plate is tightened by the screw and the thread or nut of the terminal board, so that the conductive bar 200 inserted into the gap is pressed and fixed between the terminal board. The conductive bar is a flat straight strip. The conductive bar arranged in this way has a simple structure and is easy to process. The implementation scheme of the electric switch in the power distribution system of this case is not limited to the above combination. Its specific implementation scheme can be combined and implemented according to the focus of consideration in the power distribution system, which has significantly improved operational reliability, economy, and ease of operation.

The present application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit and essential characteristics. The current embodiment is considered to be exemplary and not restrictive in all aspects, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and all changes falling within the meaning of the claims and the scope of equivalents are thus included in the scope of the present application.

Claims (154)

An electric switch comprises an insulating housing and internal components, wherein the internal components at least comprise a moving contact, a contact support, a stationary contact, a control mechanism, a first terminal, and a second terminal. The insulating housing includes a first cavity for accommodating the control mechanism and at least two second cavities for accommodating the moving contact, the stationary contact, and the contact support; The first wiring terminal and the second wiring terminal are respectively arranged at two ends of the second cavity; The first cavity and the plurality of second cavities are stacked up and down, and the first cavity is arranged above the plurality of second cavities; The static contact is directly or indirectly connected to the first terminal and/or the second terminal; The first terminal and/or the second terminal are provided with a clamping device or a pressing plate device or a screw crimping device or a lifting device; The middle axes or central axes of the first terminal or the second terminal arranged in different phases or poles are coaxially arranged or non-coaxially arranged; The moving contact is arranged on the contact support and moves together. The contact support rotates and/or moves under the direct or indirect drive of the control mechanism, driving the moving contact and the static contact to electrically connect or disconnect. The electric switch according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of second cavities are in a strip shape or a rectangular shape, and the first cavity is in a square shape or a circular shape or a combination of a square shape and a circular shape. The electrical switch according to claim 1, wherein the internal element further comprises an arc extinguishing chamber, and the minimum width of the electrical switch is proportional to the length of the moving contact and/or the width of the arc extinguishing chamber. The electrical switch according to claim 1, wherein the minimum width of the electrical switch is the sum of the diameters of the two terminal clamping screws. The electrical switch according to claim 1, wherein the first terminal and/or the second terminal are arranged in different phases and poles in upper and lower positions with a clamping device, a pressure plate device, a screw crimping device, and a lifting device which can be arbitrarily combined. The electrical switch according to claim 1, wherein the control mechanism directly or indirectly drives the end or side of the contact support to rotate the contact support by 10 to 130 degrees, thereby driving the moving contact and the static contact to be electrically connected or disconnected. The electrical switch according to claim 1, wherein the control mechanism directly or indirectly drives the end or side of the contact support to move the contact support by 1 to 50 mm, thereby driving the moving contact and the static contact to be electrically connected or disconnected. The electrical switch according to claim 1, wherein the control mechanism directly or indirectly drives the end or side of the contact support to make the contact support move 1 to 50 mm and rotate 10 to 130 degrees at the same time, driving the moving contact and the static contact to electrically connect or disconnect. An electric switch according to claim 6, 7 or 8, wherein the control mechanism is provided with a driving portion for directly or indirectly driving the end or side of the contact support to move, and the structure of the driving portion is a lever type, a cantilever type, a rotating rod type, a lever type, or any combination of the above structural forms. According to the electric switch of claim 9, wherein the structure of the driving part is cantilever type, the driving part comprises an output rod and a transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the uppermost contact support end, and the other end is fixedly connected to the output rod, and is driven by the multi-link mechanism of the control mechanism, so that the transmission shaft moves back and forth and rotates along the third slide groove on the multi-link mechanism and the slide groove on the insulating part of the insulating housing, and the contact support is driven by the transmission shaft to rotate and move synchronously with the output rod, so as to drive the moving contact and the static contact to be electrically connected or disconnected. The electric switch according to claim 9, wherein the structure of the driving part is cantilever type, and the driving part at least includes a transmission shaft and an output rod. According to the electric switch of claim 11, wherein the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the output rod, the multiple contact supports are connected through the transmission shaft, and the output rod moves when driven by the multi-link mechanism of the control mechanism, transmits the driving force to the transmission shaft, drives the contact support to move together, and drives the moving contact to electrically contact or separate with the static contact. The electric switch according to claim 9, wherein the structure of the driving part is a lever type, and the driving part at least includes a transmission shaft and a fifth rocker arm. The electric switch according to claim 13, wherein the multi-link mechanism of the control mechanism is arranged in the first cavity. The electric switch according to claim 13, wherein the transmission shaft is connected to the multi-link mechanism through a fifth rocker rod and performs rotational motion under the drive of the multi-link mechanism. The electrical switch according to claim 13, wherein the contact supports are coaxially and stacked in a plurality of second cavities, and the plurality of contact supports are spliced at the rotation center through a female and male structure with torque transmission. An electrical switch according to claim 13, wherein the transmission shafts are two, one of which is from the first cavity through the plurality of the second cavities to be connected to the plurality of contact supports, and the other is from the first cavity through the first of the second cavities to be connected to the contact support in the second or third of the second cavities. According to claim 14 or 15 or 16 or 17, the fifth rocker arm is driven by the multi-link mechanism to swing so that the transmission shaft performs rotational motion to drive the contact support to perform rotational motion, so that the moving contact and the static contact can achieve electrical connection and disconnection. According to the electric switch of claim 9, wherein the structure of the driving part is a lever type, the driving part includes an output rod and a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is indirectly connected to the side of the contact support in any second cavity, the transmission shaft is inserted from the first cavity into the second cavity, one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the output rod in the first cavity, and the other end is connected to the rotation center of the contact support through a connecting shaft in the second cavity, and the driving force is transmitted to the output rod through the multi-link mechanism of the control mechanism, and the output rod drives the transmission shaft to move, and then drives the connecting shaft to drive the contact support to move and rotate back and forth along the third slide groove on the multi-link mechanism and the slide groove on the insulating part of the insulating housing, thereby driving the moving contact and the static contact to be electrically connected or disconnected. The electric switch according to claim 9, wherein the structure of the driving part is a rotating rod type, and the driving part at least includes a transmission shaft, a first swing rod, a second swing rod, a third swing rod and a linkage rod. The electric switch according to claim 20, wherein the multi-link mechanism of the control mechanism is arranged in the first cavity. The electric switch according to claim 20, wherein the transmission shaft is inserted from the first cavity into the second cavity and is arranged parallel to the rotation center of the moving contact. The electric switch according to claim 22, wherein the transmission shaft is connected to the control mechanism through the first rocker rod and performs rotational motion under the drive of the control mechanism. According to the electric switch of claim 23, the transmission shaft is connected to one end of the second rocker arm, the other end of the second rocker arm is connected to the linkage rod, the linkage rod is connected to the contact support through the third rocker arm, and when the transmission shaft rotates, the rotational motion is transmitted to the contact support through the linkage rod, so that the moving contact and the static contact can be electrically connected and disconnected. The electric switch according to claim 9, wherein the structure of the driving part is a rotating rod type, and the driving part at least includes a transmission shaft and a fourth rocker arm. The electric switch according to claim 25, wherein the multi-link mechanism of the control mechanism is arranged in the first cavity. The electric switch according to claim 25, wherein the transmission shaft is connected to the control mechanism through a fourth rocker rod and performs rotational motion under the drive of the control rod mechanism. 26. An electrical switch according to claim 25, wherein the center of rotation of the contact support is eccentric to the center of rotation of the movable contact relative to the contact support. The electric switch according to claim 25, wherein the transmission shaft is inserted from the first cavity into the second cavity, passes through the rotation center of the contact support, and the transmission shaft is coaxially arranged with the rotation center of the contact support. The electric switch according to claim 29, wherein the transmission shaft and the contact support are fixedly connected and cannot rotate relative to each other. The electrical switch according to claim 29, wherein the contact supports are coaxially and stacked in a plurality of second cavities, and the plurality of contact supports are connected via a non-rotatable connecting shaft. According to claim 25 or 26 or 27 or 28 or 29 or 30 or 31, the fourth rocker arm is driven by the control mechanism to swing so that the transmission shaft performs rotational motion to drive the contact support to perform rotational motion, so that the moving contact and the static contact can achieve electrical connection and disconnection. The electric switch according to claim 9, wherein the structure of the driving part is a lever type, the driving part includes a fifth connecting rod and a transmission shaft, the driving part is directly driven by a multi-link mechanism of a control mechanism, the transmission shaft is plug-in connected to the connecting part of the contact support, and the contact support rotates around its own axis under the toggle of the driving part, so that the moving contact and the static contact can realize electrical connection and disconnection. According to the electric switch of claim 33, wherein the multi-link mechanism further comprises a first link, a second link, a third link, a fourth link, a fixed plate and a jumper rod, the first link, the second link, the third link, the fourth link, the fifth link, the fixed plate and the jumper rod form two groups of four-link structures, the end of the fifth link can rotate around a fixed hinge point and can rotate and move in a fourth slide groove on the fixed plate, and the fifth link as the output end of the multi-link mechanism can drive the contact support to perform rotational motion. An electric switch according to claim 34, wherein the lever ratio DE/CD between the distance DE between the hinge point D of the third link and the fixed plate to the hinge point E of the third link and the fourth link and the distance CD between the hinge point C of the second link and the third link to the hinge point D is greater than 1.0; the lever ratio FG between the distance F of the fifth link in the fourth slide groove to the hinge point G of the fifth link and the fixed plate and the distance GH from the hinge point G to the hinge point H of the fourth link and the fifth link is greater than 1.0. The electric switch according to claim 9, wherein the driving structure is a lever type, and the driving part comprises an output rod, a transmission shaft, a first rod and a second rod. According to the electric switch of claim 36, wherein the transmission shaft passes through the waist hole of the control output rod and the third slide groove on the side plate of the control mechanism, one end of the first rod is connected to the transmission shaft, and the other end is connected to one end of the second rod, the other end of the second rod is hinged with the rotation center of the contact support, and the contact support can rotate around the connection between it and the second rod, and is transmitted by the multi-link mechanism of the control mechanism, so that the transmission shaft moves back and forth along the third slide groove on the multi-link mechanism, and drives the contact support to move along the slide groove on the insulating part of the insulating shell through the first rod and the second rod. The electric switch according to claim 36, wherein the insulating member of the insulating housing is provided with a guide hole for movement of the second rod. An electric switch according to claim 37, wherein the multi-link mechanism of the control mechanism is arranged in the first cavity. According to the electric switch of claim 39, the multi-link structure of the control mechanism is a four-link structure, including an upper link, a lower link, and an output rod, the middle part of the output rod is hinged with the axis on the side plate of the control mechanism, and a waist hole is provided at the end of the output rod, and the transmission shaft can slide in the waist hole. The electrical switch according to claim 37, wherein the contact supports are coaxially and stacked in a plurality of second cavities, and the plurality of contact supports are The two parts are connected by a non-rotatable connecting shaft. According to the electric switch of claim 41, at least one gear is arranged on the rotating axis of the contact support or connecting shaft, and at least one rack is arranged opposite to the outer edge of the gear, the gear rotates or moves together with the contact support, and the rack is fixed or integrated with the insulating part. According to the electric switch of claim 42, wherein, when the contact support moves along the slide groove, the gear on the contact support will rotate along itself due to the torsional torque of the rack, thereby driving the moving contact to perform a combined motion of movement and rotation to connect or disconnect electricity with the static contact. The electric switch according to claim 9, wherein the structure of the driving part is a lever type, and the driving part comprises an output rod, a third rod, and a transmission shaft. According to the electric switch of claim 44, one end of the third rod is hinged to the output rod, and the other end thereof is hinged to the transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is connected to the center end of the uppermost contact support, and passes through the third slide groove of the control mechanism, and the output rod drives the transmission shaft to move along the third slide groove on the control mechanism, thereby driving the contact support to move. According to the electric switch of claim 45, the multi-link structure of the control mechanism is a four-link structure, including an upper link, a lower link, and an output rod, the middle portion of the output rod is hinged with the axis on the side panel of the control mechanism, and a circular hole structure is provided at the connection between the end of the output rod and the transmission shaft. The electric switch according to claim 9, wherein the structure of the driving part is a lever type, and the driving part comprises an output rod, a third rod, a transmission shaft, a first rod and a second connecting rod. According to the electric switch of claim 47, one end of the third rod is hinged to the output rod, and the other end thereof is hinged to the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft passes through the third slide groove of the control mechanism and is connected to one end of the first rod, the other end of the first rod is connected to one end of the second rod, and the other end of the second rod is hinged to the rotation center of the contact support in any second cavity, when the output rod of the control mechanism drives the third rod to move, the third rod drives the transmission shaft to move up and down along the third slide groove of the control mechanism, and drives the contact support to move up and down through the first rod and the second rod. The electric switch according to claim 9, wherein the driving portion comprises at least an output rod, a transmission shaft and a connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft penetrates the contact support in an insulated manner. The electric switch according to claim 49, wherein the head and tail ends of the connecting shaft are respectively provided with a negative feature or a positive feature, a plurality of connecting shafts are connected via the negative features and the positive features, and the plurality of connecting shafts are non-rotatable. An electric switch according to claim 49, wherein the transmission shaft passes through the axial holes of the plurality of connecting shafts in sequence and is relatively fixedly connected to the plurality of connecting shafts, so that the plurality of contact supports rotate synchronously. The electrical switch according to claim 9, wherein the driving part is arranged in at least one of the second cavities or at least a part or all of the driving part is arranged in the first cavity. The electrical switch according to claim 9, wherein the drive portion is mechanically connected to the contact support at the upper end, the lower end, the contact support of the second cavity, any part in the middle of the contact support, or any combination of the above parts, or a connecting shaft on the contact support. An electric switch according to claim 53, wherein the mechanical structure connection is any one or any combination of the following: a connecting rod, a shaft, a rack, and a gear. The electric switch according to claim 1, wherein the control mechanism is a mechanical control mechanism, an electric control mechanism or an electromagnetic drive control mechanism. An electrical switch according to claim 55, wherein the control mechanism is arranged in the first cavity and/or the second cavity. An electric switch according to claim 55, wherein the mechanical control mechanism comprises an operating handle, a multi-link mechanism, and a spring. An electric switch according to claim 55, wherein the electric control mechanism comprises at least a motor, a gear transmission mechanism or a multi-link mechanism and an electronic controller. An electric switch according to claim 55, wherein the electromagnetic drive control mechanism comprises at least an electromagnet and a multi-link mechanism. An electrical switch according to claim 57, 58 or 59, wherein the multi-link mechanism is at least a four-link structure. The electric switch according to claim 8, wherein the control mechanism directly or indirectly drives the end or side of the contact support to make the contact support move 1 to 50 mm and rotate 10 to 130 degrees at the same time, and a gear structure is provided on the contact support. An electrical switch according to claim 8 or 61, wherein the control mechanism directly or indirectly drives the end or side of the contact support to cause the contact support to simultaneously move 1 to 50 mm and rotate 10 to 130 degrees, and a rack structure is provided on the insulating housing. An electrical switch according to claim 8 or 53, wherein the control mechanism directly or indirectly drives the end or side of the contact support to cause the contact support to move 1 to 50 mm and rotate 10 to 130 degrees at the same time, and the contact support is movably connected to the driving part of the control mechanism by a mechanical structure to drive the contact support to move forward and backward and rotate. An electric switch according to claim 6, wherein the control mechanism directly or indirectly drives the end or side of the contact support to rotate the contact support by 10 to 130 degrees, and the end of the contact support is provided with a hole or shaft or protrusion coaxial with the central axis of the contact support or an arm or hole or shaft or protrusion not coaxial with the central axis of the contact support. An electrical switch according to claim 6, wherein the control mechanism directly or indirectly drives the end or side of the contact support to rotate the contact support by 10 to 130 degrees, and the side of the contact support is provided with a hole or shaft or protrusion or arm that is not coaxial with the central axis of the contact support. An electrical switch according to claim 6 or 53, wherein the control mechanism directly or indirectly drives the end or side of the contact support to rotate the contact support by 10 to 130 degrees, and the contact support is driven to rotate by a mechanical structure that is movably connected to the driving part of the control mechanism. An electric switch according to claim 7, wherein the control mechanism directly or indirectly drives the end or side of the contact support to move the contact support by 1 to 50 mm, and the end of the contact support is provided with a hole or shaft or protrusion coaxial with the central axis of the contact support or an arm or hole or shaft or protrusion not coaxial with the central axis of the contact support. An electric switch according to claim 7, wherein the control mechanism directly or indirectly drives the end or side of the contact support to move the contact support by 1 to 50 mm, and the side of the contact support is provided with a hole or shaft or protrusion or arm that is not coaxial with the central axis of the contact support. An electrical switch according to claim 7 or 53, wherein the control mechanism directly or indirectly drives the end or side of the contact support to move the contact support by 1 to 50 mm, and the contact support is movably connected to the driving part of the control mechanism by a mechanical structure to drive the contact support to move forward and backward. The electrical switch according to claim 1, wherein the first cavity and the second cavity are each composed of at least two insulating members. An electric switch according to claim 70, wherein the two insulating parts adjacent to the first cavity and the second cavity are an integrated structure. The electrical switch according to claim 70, wherein the first cavity and the second cavity are at least formed by upper and lower insulating parts being spliced together. An electric switch according to claim 70, wherein a slide groove is provided on the insulating member, and the slide groove is arranged along the switch length direction of the X-axis. The electrical switch according to claim 1, wherein the contact support is provided with a hole, a shaft or a protrusion coaxial with the central axis of the contact support in the first cavity or/and the plurality of second cavities. According to the electric switch of claim 74, the end of the contact support is provided with a circular boss coaxial with the central axis of the contact support, and the inner side of the circular boss is provided with a through hole or groove connecting a plurality of the contact supports, and the contact support rotates around the axis of the circular boss. According to the electrical switch of claim 75, a connecting shaft is provided in the through hole or groove of the contact support, so that a plurality of the contact supports are assembled into one piece along the switch height direction of the Z axis. According to the electric switch of claim 76, the contact support having multiple moving contacts is an integrated arrangement or a split arrangement in which the female and male structures having torque transmission are spliced. An electric switch according to claim 75, wherein the circular boss supported by the contact can be inserted into the slide groove of the insulating member, and the circular boss can move and rotate in the slide groove. An electric switch according to claim 75, wherein a bearing is provided on the circular boss, and the bearing can move and rotate in the slide groove. According to the electric switch according to claim 73, the control mechanism is also provided with a third slide groove along the switch length direction of the X-axis, and the third slide groove on the control mechanism is arranged parallel to the slide groove on the insulating member. The electric switch according to claim 1, wherein the moving contact and the stationary contact are of a double-breakpoint structure. An electric switch according to claim 81, wherein two stationary contacts are arranged in the second cavity, two contact parts are arranged at both ends of the moving contact, and the contact support electrically contacts and separates the two contact parts of the moving contact with the two stationary contacts under the direct or indirect action of the control mechanism. According to the electric switch of claim 82, wherein the insulating shell is buckled on both sides along the Y-axis direction to form a plurality of second cavities, wherein at least a driving part, a moving contact, a stationary contact, a contact support, an arc extinguishing chamber, a terminal, and an arc guide plate are provided in the second cavity, and connecting rods are provided between the layers to link the moving contacts between the layers. An electric switch according to claim 83, wherein the second cavity is composed of at least two arranged in a stacked manner in the Z-axis direction. An electric switch according to claim 83, wherein arc extinguishing chambers are provided on the outer sides of the two separation tracks of the moving contact and the static contact. According to the electric switch of claim 85, the arc extinguishing chamber is composed of multiple metal grids insulated from each other and fixed with insulating materials, the first grid corresponds to the arc-starting part of the static contact and the last grid corresponds to the arc guide plate, and the arc guide plate electrically connects the arcs generated by the two arc extinguishing chambers. An electric switch according to claim 57, wherein the operating handle is arranged above the multi-link mechanism along the switch height direction of the Z-axis, and the operating handle can drive the multi-link mechanism to re-lock, open and close. The electric switch according to claim 87, wherein the operating handle is a rotating handle, the center of rotation of the rotating handle is arranged along the switch height direction of the Z axis, and the rotating handle rotates 70 to 120 degrees around the center of rotation. An electric switch according to claim 88, wherein the rotary handle rotates 70 to 120° clockwise around the rotation center from the unlocking or opening position to the closing position. An electric switch according to claim 88, wherein the rotary handle rotates 70 to 120 degrees clockwise around the rotation center from the closing position to the opening position. An electric switch according to claim 87, wherein the operating handle is a push-pull handle, and the push-pull handle moves along the switch length direction of the X-axis. An electric switch according to claim 91, wherein the push-pull handle moves from back to front along the switch length direction of the X-axis, and the electric switch moves from a unlocking or opening position to a closing position. An electrical switch according to claim 91, wherein the push-pull handle moves from front to back along the switch length direction of the X-axis, and the electrical switch moves from a closed position to an open position. The electric switch according to claim 3, wherein the arc extinguishing chamber is a combination of a plurality of metal sheets separated and insulated. An electric switch according to claim 94, wherein the arc extinguishing chamber is arranged on the left side of the moving contact and/or the static contact. An electric switch according to claim 94, wherein the arc extinguishing chamber is arranged between the first terminal and the second terminal along the switch length direction of the X-axis, and a plurality of arc extinguishing chambers are stacked along the switch height direction of the Z-axis. According to the electric switch of claim 96, a total arc extinguishing chamber or a plurality of sub-arc extinguishing chambers are arranged along the switch length direction of the X-axis, and the plurality of sub-arc extinguishing chambers are assembled into a total arc extinguishing chamber. An electric switch according to claim 96, wherein, during the opening and closing process of the switch, the movement trajectory of the moving contact crosses the center line O of the arc extinguishing chamber along the length direction, and during the movement of the moving contact, the moving contact is located on one side of the center line O at the starting position and is located on the other side of the center line O at the ending position. According to the electric switch of claim 94, a gap is provided between the arc extinguishing chamber and the outer insulating member to form an arc channel, and an outlet of the arc channel is provided on the side which is the same as or opposite to the opening direction of the moving contact. The electric switch according to claim 1, wherein the internal component further comprises an overload release, and the overload release comprises at least one of a magnetic short circuit release and a thermal overload release. The electrical switch according to claim 100, wherein the overload release is arranged between the first terminal and the second terminal along the switch length direction of the X-axis. The electric switch according to claim 101, wherein the magnetic short-circuit release and the thermal overload release are arranged on the stationary contact. According to the electrical switch of claim 100, a plurality of the overload releasers are stacked along the switch height direction of the Z axis, and the overload releasers are connected to a tripping rod, and the tripping rod drives the multi-link mechanism to trip under the drive of the overload releasers. The electric switch according to claim 1, wherein a shunt release and/or an undervoltage release and/or an alarm switch are provided on the control mechanism side. The electrical switch according to claim 1, wherein an auxiliary switch is provided in the first cavity and/or in the second cavity. The electric switch according to claim 1, wherein the internal components further include a current collector, an electronic controller, and a flux converter. The electric switch according to claim 106, wherein the current collector and the magnetic flux converter are electrically connected to the electronic controller respectively. 106. An electrical switch as claimed in claim 106, wherein the electronic controller and the flux converter are disposed within the first cavity. The electrical switch of claim 106, wherein the current collector is disposed within the second cavity. The electric switch according to claim 106, wherein the electronic controller is an independent unit module hung under the electric switch. The electrical switch according to claim 1, wherein the internal elements arranged in the plurality of second cavities are stacked to form a two-pole electrical switch, a three-pole electrical switch, or a four-pole electrical switch. The electrical switch according to claim 111, wherein the switch is a two-pole electrical switch, comprising a first-pole switch and a second-pole switch, and the first-pole switch and the second-pole switch are both provided with the first terminal and the second terminal. An electrical switch according to claim 112, wherein the first terminal and/or the second terminal of the first pole switch and the second pole switch are staggered left and right along the switch width direction of the Y axis and are insulated and distributed up and down along the switch height direction of the Z axis. An electrical switch according to claim 113, wherein the first terminal and/or the second terminal of the first pole switch and the second pole switch are staggered and insulated from each other in the front-to-back direction of the switch length along the X-axis. The electrical switch according to claim 111, wherein the switch is a three-pole electrical switch, comprising a first-pole switch, a second-pole switch and a third-pole switch, and the first-pole switch, the second-pole switch and the third-pole switch are all provided with the first terminal and the second terminal. An electrical switch according to claim 115, wherein the first terminals and/or the second terminals of the first-pole switch, the second-pole switch, and the third-pole switch are staggered left and right and insulated from top to bottom, and a second through hole is provided on the insulating housing of the first-pole switch on which the first terminal and/or the second terminal arranged on the second-pole switch overlap upward. The electrical switch according to claim 110, wherein the first terminals and/or the second terminals of the first pole switch, the second pole switch and the third pole switch are staggered left and right along the switch width direction of the Y axis and are distributed and insulated up and down along the switch height direction of the Z axis, and a third through hole is provided on the insulating housing of the switch on which the first terminal and/or the second terminal arranged on the third pole switch is overlapped upward. The electrical switch according to claim 111, wherein the switch is a four-pole electrical switch, comprising a first pole switch, a second pole switch, a third pole switch and a fourth pole switch, and the first pole switch, the second pole switch, the third pole switch and the fourth pole switch are all provided with the first terminal and the second terminal. The electrical switch according to claim 118, wherein the fourth pole switch is arranged below the third pole switch, and the first terminal and/or the second terminal of the fourth pole switch are staggered left and right with the first terminal and/or the second terminal of the first pole switch, the second pole switch, and the third pole switch, and are arranged non-coaxially or coaxially. An electric switch according to claim 118, wherein when the first terminal and/or the second terminal of the fourth pole switch are coaxially arranged with the first terminal and/or the second terminal of the first pole switch or the second pole switch or the third pole switch, some parts of the wiring device on the first terminal and/or the second terminal of the first pole switch or the second pole switch or the third pole switch are detachable. The electrical switch according to claim 1, wherein the screw crimping device comprises at least a screw, a terminal block and/or a nut, and the screw pressing direction is arranged along the length direction of the switch. The electric switch according to claim 1, wherein the lifting device comprises at least a screw, a wiring board and/or a wiring frame, and the pressing direction of the wiring screw forms an angle of 1 to 60 degrees with the height direction of the switch. The electric switch according to claim 1, wherein the pressure plate device comprises at least a screw, a terminal block, a pressure plate and/or a spring washer or a flat washer or a nut, and when the screw is tightened, the external conductive bar arranged between the terminal block and the pressure plate is subjected to force and tightened. An electric switch according to claim 123, wherein the terminal block is provided with threaded holes or through holes and nuts matching the screws. According to claim 123, the electric switch, wherein the pressure plate is L-shaped, a through hole through which the screw can pass is provided in the middle of the pressure plate, the right-angle end of the pressure plate is away from the external conductive bar, the straight-face end of the pressure plate is crimped onto the external conductive bar, and the straight-face end is provided with a protrusion, and the distance between the protrusion and the through hole is smaller than the distance between the right-angle end and the through hole. The electric switch according to claim 1, wherein when the central axis or center axis of the first terminal or the second terminal arranged vertically in different phases and poles is coaxially arranged, the first terminal or the second terminal is provided with the pulling device, and the pulling device at least includes a screw, a terminal board, a terminal frame and/or an inter-pole linkage insulating member and/or an anti-loosening spring. The electric switch according to claim 126, wherein the terminal block and the terminal frame are provided with through holes, the terminal block is arranged in the terminal frame, and the inter-pole linkage insulating member and the anti-loosening spring are arranged coaxially with the through holes. According to claim 126 or 127, the electric switch, the screws, the terminal frame, the terminal board, the anti-loosening spring, and the inter-pole linkage insulating member are arranged in sequence and overlapped in the Z-axis direction, and are repeatedly superimposed according to the number of phases and poles. An electric switch according to claim 126, wherein a fixing shaft is provided on one of the screw and the inter-pole linkage insulator, and a fixing hole is provided on the other, the fixing shaft is a square shaft or a polygonal shaft, and the fixing hole is a square hole or a polygonal hole. The electric switch according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of moving contacts are hinged on the contact support and are arranged coaxially or non-coaxially with the central axis of the contact support. The electrical switch according to claim 1, wherein the moving contact and the stationary contact are arranged opposite to each other along the switch length direction of the X-axis. According to the electric switch of claim 131, the moving contact and the stationary contact form an angle a in the XY plane, and when the moving contact approaches the stationary contact, the angle a gradually decreases, and when the moving contact moves away from the stationary contact, the angle a gradually increases. The electric switch according to claim 1, wherein the contact mode between the moving contact and the stationary contact is plane pressure contact or clamping contact. According to the electric switch of claim 133, the moving contact or the stationary contact is a clamp, and the moving contact and the contact support move under the direct or indirect action of the control mechanism, so that the moving contact and the stationary contact are electrically contacted and separated. The electric switch according to claim 1, wherein a soft wire or a movable contact hard conductor is connected between the moving contact and the first terminal. An electrical switch according to claim 135, wherein one end of the moving contact is arranged as a plane and movably connected to a hard conductor provided with the plane, a hole for a moving fulcrum is arranged on the plane, and an alloy contact is arranged on the other end. According to the electric switch of claim 135, the moving contact is in an angular shape, a hole or a protrusion serving as a moving fulcrum is provided at the corner of the angular shape, an alloy contact is provided at the end of one arm of the angular shape, and a soft wire is connected to the end of the other arm. According to the electric switch of claim 135, the moving contact is in the shape of a strip, a hole or a protrusion serving as a moving fulcrum is provided in the middle portion of the strip, an alloy contact is provided on one end of the strip, and a soft wire is connected to the other end. The electrical switch according to claim 1, wherein the movable contact is arranged in a horizontal axial direction. The electrical switch according to claim 1, wherein during the opening process of the switch, the moving contact moves from the first terminal to the second terminal. The electrical switch according to claim 1, wherein an insulating shell is provided between the moving contact and the first terminal, and the insulating shell therein is provided in a sealed state. The electrical switch according to claim 1, wherein a conductor is provided on the pressure plate device or the screw crimping device, and the conductor is partially flexible or has a longitudinal and/or lateral local depression. The electric switch according to claim 1, wherein an arc outlet is provided at an end of the insulating housing of the second terminal. A power distribution system, comprising a plurality of groups of conductive bars and at least one electrical switch as described in any one of claims 1 to 143, wherein a plurality of first terminals of the at least one electrical switch are directly or indirectly connected to the plurality of groups of conductive bars. The power distribution system according to claim 144, wherein the multiple groups of conductive bars are arranged in a horizontal or vertical direction, and the electrical switches are arranged along the horizontal or vertical direction following the multiple groups of conductive bars. The power distribution system according to claim 145, wherein the conductive bar is in the shape of a flat straight bar or a hole, opening, groove or protrusion is provided on one side of the conductive bar. The power distribution system according to claim 146, wherein when the conductive bar is in the shape of a flat straight strip, any one side of the conductive bar is directly or indirectly fixedly connected to the first terminal of the electrical switch, and when a hole or opening or groove or protrusion is provided on one side of the conductive bar, the side on which the hole or opening or groove or protrusion is provided is directly or indirectly fixedly connected to the first terminal of the electrical switch. The power distribution system of claim 144, wherein the conductor of the first terminal protrudes out of or is shorter than an insulating housing of the switch. The power distribution system according to claim 144, wherein the multiple groups of conductive bars consist of at least one or two conductive bars. The power distribution system according to claim 144 or 149, wherein a spacing is provided between the conductive bars forming a group of two conductive bars, and the plurality of first wiring terminals are inserted into the spacing to be electrically connected to the conductive bars respectively. The power distribution system according to claim 144 or 149, wherein the first terminal is provided with a clamping device connected and fixed to the planar end of the conductive bar. According to the power distribution system of claim 144 or 149, the first terminal is provided with a screw clamping device for directly connecting and fixing with the hole, opening or plane of the conductive bar by screws and/or conductive connecting strips. The power distribution system according to claim 144 or 149, wherein the plurality of groups of conductive bars extend into the insulating housing of the electrical switch and are adjacent to or arranged on the first terminal and are crimped and fixed by a crimping piece. According to the power distribution system of claim 144 or 149, the first terminal is provided with a pulling device for tightening the gap between the terminal block and the terminal frame by means of screws cooperating with the thread of the terminal frame, so that the conductive bar inserted into the gap is pressed and fixed between the terminal block.