WO2025102302A1 - 一种红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统 - Google Patents

一种红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025102302A1
WO2025102302A1 PCT/CN2023/132020 CN2023132020W WO2025102302A1 WO 2025102302 A1 WO2025102302 A1 WO 2025102302A1 CN 2023132020 W CN2023132020 W CN 2023132020W WO 2025102302 A1 WO2025102302 A1 WO 2025102302A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slurry
inner cylinder
spiral
center rod
controller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2023/132020
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许开华
张松
张坤
彭亚光
金国泉
刘文泽
许鹏云
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pt Gem Indonesia New Energy Materials
Pt Qmb New Energy Materials
GEM Co Ltd Korea
Original Assignee
Pt Gem Indonesia New Energy Materials
Pt Qmb New Energy Materials
GEM Co Ltd Korea
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Publication date
Application filed by Pt Gem Indonesia New Energy Materials, Pt Qmb New Energy Materials, GEM Co Ltd Korea filed Critical Pt Gem Indonesia New Energy Materials
Priority to PCT/CN2023/132020 priority Critical patent/WO2025102302A1/zh
Priority to CN202380012310.2A priority patent/CN117794630A/zh
Publication of WO2025102302A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025102302A1/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/30—Control equipment
    • B01D21/32—Density control of clear liquid or sediment, e.g. optical control ; Control of physical properties
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of mineral processing, in particular to a slurry thickening system for laterite nickel ore.
  • lithium-ion secondary batteries In recent years, with the continuous promotion and popularization of new energy electric vehicles and consumer electronic products, the global demand for lithium-ion secondary batteries has shown explosive growth. As the key materials of lithium-ion secondary batteries, nickel and nickel-based compounds are in great demand, and the prices of metal nickel and nickel-based products continue to rise. From the perspective of global development trends, as the concept of environmental protection and renewable energy becomes more popular, new energy electric vehicles and consumer electronic products will be fully popularized. Before there is a revolutionary new energy solution, lithium-ion secondary batteries will be in a monopoly position for a long time. As nickel and nickel-based compounds are at the upstream of the industrial chain, the contradiction of insufficient supply will be more prominent.
  • Nickel contained in laterite nickel ore accounts for 65% to 70% of the land-based nickel reserves, and is an important mineral for smelting nickel and nickel-based compounds.
  • the precipitation of nickel and cobalt in laterite nickel ore smelting usually includes the following steps: using a grinding unit to grind the ore into the required particle size to obtain slurry, and then concentrating the slurry in a thickening unit.
  • the production of laterite nickel ore mostly adopts a multi-stage thickening treatment system, or a method for improving the thickening and washing effect of high-clay uranium ore leaching pulp provided in publication number CN112095006A, which comprises a countercurrent decantation system, the system comprises a plurality of thickeners connected in series, and the overflow of the first-stage thickener is used to adjust the feed slurry solid volume mass ratio to 6-10; the feed slurry is successively added with an amphoteric flocculant FZ3802 and a cationic flocculant CZ1690; the slurry fully mixed with the flocculant in step (2) is tangentially introduced into the middle barrel of a certain stage thickener, and is countercurrently washed with the overflow of the next stage thickener; the overflow of the first stage thickener is sent to the ion exchange process unit for adsorption recovery of uranium, and then the adsorption tail liquid is pumped
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies and propose a slurry thickening system for laterite nickel ore to solve the technical problems of low sedimentation efficiency, large floor space and large equipment cost of the thickening system in the prior art.
  • the technical solution of the present invention provides a slurry thickening system for laterite nickel ore, including an extrusion thickening device, a speed measuring system and a control system.
  • the extrusion thickening device comprises an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder and a thickening mechanism, wherein the inner cylinder is vertically arranged inside the outer cylinder, the upper part of which is connected to a slurry feed pipe, the lower part of which is connected to a slurry discharge pipe and is provided with a concentration sensor, and a filtering surface is formed on the surface, so that an interlayer for filtering clear liquid is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, the interlayer is connected to a drain pipe, a feed valve is provided on the slurry feed pipe, and the thickening mechanism comprises a spiral extrusion piece, the driving end of which is spiral and provided with filter holes;
  • the velocity measuring system comprises a first velocity measuring device and a second velocity measuring device respectively arranged in the slurry discharge pipe and the drainage pipe for measuring the flow velocity;
  • the control system includes a first controller and a second controller.
  • the first controller is electrically connected to the speed measurement system and the feed valve to control the opening and closing of the feed valve by measuring the flow rate.
  • the second controller is electrically connected to the concentration sensor and the spiral extruder to control the driving end of the spiral extruder to be in a first state of reciprocating swing when the slurry concentration does not reach a set value, and to control the driving end of the spiral extruder to be in a second state of spiraling downward for feeding when the slurry concentration reaches a set value.
  • a discharge valve is provided on the slurry discharge pipe, and the second controller is also electrically connected to the discharge valve to control the opening and closing of the discharge valve; when the slurry concentration does not reach the set value, the discharge valve is in a closed state; when the slurry concentration reaches the set value, the discharge valve is in an open state.
  • the outer surface of the inner cylinder is evenly provided with first filter holes, a cone is formed below the first filter holes, and the cross-sectional area of the cone decreases from top to bottom.
  • the smallest end of the inner cylinder is provided with the concentration sensor and connected to the slurry discharge pipe.
  • the spiral extrusion member includes a main center rod, a cone center rod, a main spiral blade, a cone spiral blade and a first driving member, wherein the main center rod is arranged at the upper part of the inner cylinder and is connected to the inner cylinder for rotation; the cone center rod is arranged at the cone position of the lower part of the inner cylinder and is coaxially connected to the main center rod; the main spiral blade is arranged on the outer side of the main center rod and spirally extends along the length direction of the main center rod; the cone spiral blade is arranged on the outer side of the cone center rod and connects the main spiral blade and spirally extends along the length direction of the cone center rod; the first driving member is connected to the main center rod to drive the main spiral blade and the cone spiral blade to rotate through the main center rod and the cone center rod, and the first driving member is also electrically connected to the second controller.
  • the outer edges of the main spiral blade and the cone spiral blade are both in contact with the inner wall of the inner cylinder, and the diameter of the main center rod is larger than the diameter of the cone center rod.
  • the first driving member includes a first motor, two first pulleys and a first belt, wherein one of the first pulleys is connected to the main center rod via a coupling, and the other first pulley is connected to the driving shaft of the first motor; the first belt is sleeved between the two first pulleys, and is used to transmit the driving force of the first motor through the first pulleys to drive the main center rod to rotate.
  • the thickening mechanism further includes a lifting extrusion member, the driving end of which is provided with filter holes for reciprocating lifting and squeezing the slurry, and the driving ends of the lifting extrusion member and the spiral extrusion are arranged inside the inner cylinder and located at the upper and lower parts bounded by the slurry discharge pipe.
  • the movement stroke of the driving end of the lifting extrusion member is above the outlet of the slurry feed pipe;
  • the lifting extrusion member includes an extrusion plate and a second driving member, the extrusion plate is horizontally arranged inside the inner cylinder and can slide up and down along the inner wall of the inner cylinder, and the extrusion plate is evenly provided with third filter holes;
  • the second driving member is connected to the extrusion plate to drive the extrusion plate to move up and down.
  • the second driving member includes two screw rods, two second pulleys, a second belt and a second motor.
  • the two screw rods are vertically arranged inside the inner cylinder and are respectively threadedly connected to the two sides of the extrusion plate; the two second pulleys are respectively embedded in the two screw rods; the second belt is sleeved and connected to the two second pulleys; the second motor is connected to one of the screw rods to drive the two screw rods to rotate synchronously through the second pulley and the second belt.
  • the first speed measuring device and the second speed measuring device both include a rotating shaft, a plurality of toggle plates and a speed sensor, and the slurry discharge pipe and the drainage pipe are both provided with There is an expansion pipe, and the rotating shaft can be rotatably arranged in the expansion pipe; a plurality of toggle plates are arranged in a circular array on one side of the rotating shaft with the central axis of the rotating shaft as the center of the circle, so that the rotating shaft can be driven to rotate through the toggle plates under the drive of water flow; the speed sensor is arranged on the rotating shaft, which is electrically connected to the first controller to monitor the speed and send a signal to the first controller.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention include: by setting a double-layer cylinder structure, a thickening mechanism and a control system, the clear liquid is filtered and discharged through the inner cylinder, and the slurry is preliminarily filtered.
  • the working state of the spiral extruder is fed back to the second controller through the concentration value measured by the concentration sensor for control.
  • the spiral extruder is controlled to be in a first state of reciprocating swing, and the angle of the spiral extruder when swinging downward is greater than the angle of the spiral extruder when swinging upward, so that the slurry can be pushed downward and squeezed in sequence.
  • the driving end of the spiral extruder is spirally distributed inside the inner cylinder, which can improve the uniformity of the slurry concentration at various locations inside the inner cylinder, reduce the occurrence of uneven slurry concentration at various locations inside the device, and thus help improve the concentration efficiency of the slurry.
  • the spiral extruder is controlled by the second controller to be in the second state of spiraling downward, and the spiral extruder is used to transport the slurry.
  • a first speed measuring device and a second speed measuring device are provided to measure the flow rates of the slurry and clear liquid discharged from the slurry discharge pipe and the drainage pipe, and the opening or closing of the discharge valve is controlled by the first controller according to the discharge flow rate, so as to discharge a corresponding amount of slurry into the inner cylinder, thereby realizing timely replenishment of the slurry, facilitating the slurry thickening work, and improving the concentration efficiency.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of a slurry thickening system for laterite nickel ore provided by the present invention
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a spiral extruder of the slurry thickening system of laterite nickel ore in FIG1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the lifting and extruding member of the slurry thickening system of the laterite nickel ore in FIG. 1 intention;
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the cone portion of the inner cylinder of the slurry thickening system of laterite nickel ore in FIG1 ;
  • FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a velocity measurement system of a slurry thickening system for laterite nickel ore in FIG1 ;
  • FIG6 is a circuit connection diagram of a first controller of the slurry thickening system for laterite nickel ore in FIG1 ;
  • FIG. 7 is a circuit connection diagram of a first controller of the slurry thickening system for laterite nickel ore in FIG. 1 .
  • Speed measuring system 21. First speed measuring device; 211. Rotating shaft; 212. Driving plate; 213. Speed sensor; 214. Expansion pipe; 22. Second speed measuring device;
  • Control system 31. First controller; 32. Second controller;
  • the present invention provides a slurry thickening system for laterite nickel ore, comprising an extrusion thickening device 1 , a speed measuring system 2 and a control system 3 .
  • the extrusion thickening device 1 comprises an inner cylinder 11, an outer cylinder 12 and a thickening mechanism 13.
  • the inner cylinder 11 is vertically arranged inside the outer cylinder 12, and the upper part thereof is connected to a slurry feed pipe 111, the lower part thereof is connected to a slurry discharge pipe 112 and is provided with a concentration sensor 114, and a filtering surface is formed on the surface so that an interlayer for filtering clear liquid is formed between the inner cylinder 11 and the outer cylinder 12, and the interlayer is connected to a drain pipe 113.
  • a feed valve 116 is provided on the slurry feed pipe 111, and the thickening mechanism 13 comprises a spiral extruder 14, a spiral The driving end of the extrusion member 14 is spiral-shaped and provided with filter holes.
  • the velocity measuring system 2 includes a first velocity measuring device 21 and a second velocity measuring device 22 respectively disposed in the slurry discharge pipe 112 and the drainage pipe 113 for measuring flow velocity.
  • the control system 3 includes a first controller 31 and a second controller 32.
  • the first controller 31 is electrically connected to the speed measuring system 2 and the feed valve 116 to control the opening and closing of the feed valve 116 by measuring the flow rate.
  • the second controller 32 is electrically connected to the concentration sensor 114 and the spiral extruder 14 to control the driving end of the spiral extruder 14 to be in a first state of reciprocating swing when the slurry concentration does not reach the set value, and to control the driving end of the spiral extruder 14 to be in a second state of spiraling downward for feeding when the slurry concentration reaches the set value.
  • the angle at which it swings downward is greater than the angle at which it swings upward.
  • a double-layer cylinder structure is provided, and the slurry is discharged into the interior of the inner cylinder 11 through the slurry feed pipe 111, and the clear liquid is filtered out through the inner cylinder 11, and the filtered clear liquid flows to the interlayer and is discharged through the drain pipe 113, while the slurry is retained in the inner cylinder 11.
  • the spiral extrusion member 14 After preliminary filtration, it can also be squeezed and dehydrated through the spiral extrusion member 14 in the inner cylinder 11; wherein, the working state of the spiral extrusion member 14 is fed back to the second controller 32 through the concentration value measured by the concentration sensor 114 for control, and when the slurry concentration does not reach the set value, the spiral extrusion member 14 is required to squeeze out the water in the slurry, and at this time, the spiral extrusion member 14 is in a first state of reciprocating swing, and its downward swing angle is greater than the upward swing angle, and the spiral extrusion member 14 is spiral and is provided with The reciprocating swing of the driving end of the filter hole can push and squeeze the slurry downward in sequence.
  • the driving end of the spiral extruder 14 is spirally distributed inside the inner cylinder 11, which can improve the uniformity of the concentration of the slurry at various places inside the inner cylinder 11 and reduce the uneven concentration of the slurry at various places inside the device, thereby helping to improve the concentration efficiency of the slurry.
  • the second controller 32 controls the spiral extruder 14 to be in the second state of the downward spiral. At this time, the spiral extruder 14 is used to transport the slurry, and the slurry is transported to the slurry discharge pipe 112 to discharge the material that meets the concentration requirements.
  • the first speed measuring device 21 and the second speed measuring device 22 are respectively arranged on the slurry discharge pipe 112 and the drainage pipe 113 to measure the flow rate of the discharged slurry and the clear liquid, and the first controller 31 is used to control the opening or closing of the discharge valve 115 according to the discharge flow rate, so as to discharge the slurry into the inner cylinder 11. Discharging a corresponding amount of slurry and replenishing the slurry in time is conducive to continuous slurry thickening work and improves the concentration efficiency.
  • the first controller 31 and the second controller 32 may be two CPU controllers, or may be two control parts in one CPU controller, which is not limited here.
  • the device utilizes the inner cylinder 11 and the spiral extruder 14 to filter and discharge the slurry.
  • Some usable slurry may exist in the clear liquid discharged through the drain pipe 113.
  • a sedimentation thickening device 4 is provided, which is connected to the drain pipe 113, can receive the discharged clear liquid, and precipitate the slurry in the clear liquid by sedimentation.
  • the bottom outlet thereof is connected to the slurry feed pipe 111, and the precipitated slurry can be sent back to the extrusion thickening device 1 for thickening treatment.
  • the inner cylinder 11 is arranged inside the outer cylinder 12 and is used to filter the moisture contained in the slurry. As shown in Figure 1, in some embodiments, the inner cylinder 11 and the outer cylinder 12 are both vertical and concentrically arranged. The outer surface of the inner cylinder 11 is evenly provided with first filter holes 117, and a cone is formed below it. The cross-sectional area of the cone decreases from top to bottom. A concentration sensor 114 is set at the smallest end of the inner cylinder 11 and is connected to the slurry discharge pipe 112. By setting the cone, the bottom of the inner cylinder 11 is gradually narrowed, which is conducive to accurate detection by the concentration sensor 114.
  • the driving end of the spiral extrusion member 14 is spiral and is provided with filter holes, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the spiral extrusion member 14 includes a main center rod 141, a conical center rod 142, a main spiral blade 143, a conical spiral blade 144 and a first driving member 145.
  • the main center rod 141 is arranged at the upper part of the inner cylinder 11 and is rotatably connected to the inner cylinder 11.
  • both its upper and lower ends are fixed to the inner cylinder 11 through brackets and can rotate on the brackets;
  • the conical center rod 142 is arranged at the conical position of the lower part of the inner cylinder 11, and is coaxially docked with the main center rod 141 and fixedly connected;
  • the main spiral blade 143 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the main center rod 141
  • the conical spiral blade 144 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the conical center rod 142 and connected to the main spiral blade 143.
  • the top end of the conical spiral blade 144 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the main spiral blade 143 and spirally extends along the length direction of the conical center rod 142 until it extends to the slurry discharge pipe 112.
  • the main spiral blade 143 and the conical spiral blade 144 are both provided with a second filter hole 1441.
  • the first driving member 145 is connected to the main center rod 141 to drive the main spiral blade 143 and the conical spiral blade 144 to rotate through the main center rod 141 and the conical center rod 142.
  • the first driving member 145 is also electrically connected to the second controller 32. Then, the second controller 32 can control the driving mode of the first driving member 145 to control the main spiral blade 143 and the cone spiral blade 144 to perform reciprocating swing or downward spiral rotation.
  • the outer edges of the main spiral blade 143 and the cone spiral blade 144 are both in contact with the inner wall of the inner cylinder 11, and the main spiral blade 143 and the cone spiral blade 144 can be rotated to make them contact with the inner wall of the inner cylinder 11 and scrape back and forth, thereby preventing the first filter hole 117 on the inner cylinder 11 from being blocked.
  • the main spiral blade 143 and the cone spiral blade 144 are in contact with the inner wall of the inner cylinder 11.
  • the diameter of the main center rod 141 is set to be larger than the diameter of the conical center rod 142.
  • the main center rod 141 can be adapted to be installed at a position above the cone, and a gap is reserved for installing the main spiral blades 143.
  • the diameter of the conical center rod 142 decreases downward to adapt to the small diameter cone position.
  • the first driving member 145 includes a first motor 1451, two first pulleys 1452, and a first belt 1454, wherein one of the first pulleys 1452 is fixedly connected to the main center rod 141 through a coupling 1453, and the other first pulley 1452 is sleeved on the driving shaft of the first motor 1451 and fixedly connected to the driving shaft; the first belt 1454 is sleeved and connected to the two first pulleys 1452.
  • the first motor 1451 drives the first pulley 1452 connected thereto to rotate, and the driving force of the first motor 1451 is transmitted through the first pulley 1452 to drive another first pulley 1452 and the main center rod 141 connected thereto to rotate.
  • the first motor 1451 is a forward and reverse motor, which is mainly controlled by a controller and a sensor.
  • the first pulley 1452 and the first belt 1454 can also be replaced by other connecting parts for transmitting power, such as a gear set.
  • the thickening mechanism 13 also includes a lifting extrusion member 15, and the driving end of the lifting extrusion member 15 is provided with a filter hole for reciprocating lifting and squeezing the slurry, and the lifting extrusion member 15 and the driving end of the spiral extrusion are arranged inside the inner cylinder 11 and are respectively located at the upper and lower parts bounded by the slurry discharge pipe 112. After the slurry is pushed downward and squeezed by the lifting extrusion member 15, the slurry is then spirally squeezed to increase the concentration of the slurry.
  • the slurry level in the extrusion thickening device 1 is maintained within the movement range of the driving end of the lifting extrusion member 15, and cooperates with the first speed measuring device 21 and the second speed measuring device 22 to measure the slurry level respectively.
  • the discharge volume of the slurry discharge pipe 112 and the drainage pipe 113 is controlled by the measured discharge volume to open the valve, and the corresponding amount of slurry is delivered, so that the liquid level of the slurry can be maintained at a suitable position for cooperation in lifting and extrusion.
  • the movement stroke of the driving end of the lifting and extruding member 15 is above the outlet of the slurry feeding pipe 111;
  • the lifting and extruding member 15 includes an extrusion plate 151 and a second driving member 153
  • the extrusion plate 151 is horizontally arranged inside the inner cylinder 11, and its outer peripheral surface is in contact with the inner wall of the inner cylinder 11, and can slide up and down along the inner wall of the inner cylinder 11, and the third filter holes 152 are evenly opened on the extrusion plate 151
  • the second driving member 153 is connected to the extrusion plate 151 to drive the extrusion plate 151 to move up and down, which can squeeze the slurry on the upper part of the inner cylinder 11 and push the slurry to the lower part, so as to better filter the water in the slurry and ensure the fluidity of the slurry.
  • the second driving member 153 includes two screws 1531, two second pulleys 1532, a second belt 1533 and a second motor.
  • the two screws 1531 are vertically arranged inside the inner cylinder 11, and are rotatably connected to the inner cylinder 11, and are also threadedly connected to the two sides of the extrusion plate 151 respectively; the two second pulleys 1532 are respectively embedded and fixed on the two screws 1531; the second belt 1533 is sleeved and connected to the two second pulleys 1532; the second motor is connected to one of the screws 1531.
  • the second motor can rotate forward and reverse to drive the two screws 1531 to rotate synchronously through the second pulley 1532 and the second belt 1533.
  • the two screws 1531 have the same rotation direction.
  • the second motor is a forward and reverse motor.
  • the second driving member 153 can also be a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, which is directly connected to the extrusion plate 151 and can drive the extrusion plate 151 to move up and down through extension and retraction.
  • the slurry will not be discharged through the slurry discharge pipe 112, which is convenient for squeezing out the internal moisture of the slurry through the downward pressure generated by the spiral extruder 14; when the slurry concentration reaches the set value, the discharge valve 115 is in an open state, and correspondingly, the spiral extruder 14 is in a second state of spiraling downward, and the slurry can be discharged to the next equipment through the slurry discharge pipe 112, which is not only convenient for filtering out water, but also convenient for conveying slurry.
  • the first speed measuring device 21 and the second speed measuring device 22 They all include a rotating shaft 211, a plurality of toggle plates 212 and a speed sensor 213.
  • An expansion pipe 214 is provided on the slurry discharge pipe and the drainage pipe 113.
  • the rotating shaft 211 can be rotatably arranged in the expansion pipe 214; a plurality of toggle plates 212 are arranged in a circular array on one side of the rotating shaft 211 with the central axis of the rotating shaft 211 as the center of the circle, so as to drive the rotating shaft 211 to rotate through the toggle plates 212 under the drive of water flow; the speed sensor 213 is arranged on the rotating shaft 211, and the speed is measured by it, wherein the speed sensors 213 are respectively a first speed sensor and a second speed sensor, the first speed sensor is used to detect the discharge amount of the slurry discharge pipe, and the second speed sensor is used to detect the clear night discharge amount of the drainage pipe, and the speed sensor 213 is electrically connected to the first controller 31, and after monitoring the speed, it sends a signal to the first controller 31 to trigger the corresponding instruction.
  • the speed sensors 213 are respectively a first speed sensor and a second speed sensor, the first speed sensor is used to detect the discharge amount of the slurry discharge pipe, and the second speed
  • the present invention provides a double-layer cylinder structure, a thickening mechanism 13 and a control system 3, and filters and discharges the clear liquid through the inner cylinder 11 to perform preliminary filtration on the slurry.
  • the working state of the spiral extruder 14 is fed back to the second controller 32 through the concentration value measured by the concentration sensor 114 for control.
  • the spiral extruder 14 is controlled to be in the first state of reciprocating swing, and the angle of the spiral extruder 14 when swinging downward is greater than the angle when swinging upward, so that the slurry can be pushed downward in sequence.
  • the second controller 32 controls the spiral extruder 14 to be in the second state of spiraling downward, and at this time, the spiral extruder 14 is used to transport the slurry.
  • the present invention provides a first speed measuring device 21 and a second speed measuring device 22 to measure the flow rate of the slurry and clear liquid discharged from the slurry discharge pipe 112 and the drainage pipe 113, and controls the opening or closing of the discharge valve 115 through the first controller 31 according to the discharge flow rate, so as to discharge a corresponding amount of slurry into the inner cylinder 11, thereby realizing timely replenishment of the slurry, facilitating the slurry thickening work, and improving the concentration efficiency.
  • the present invention can achieve high-efficiency concentration of slurry by providing an extrusion thickening device 1, a speed measuring system 2 and a control system 3, thereby saving equipment floor space and cost.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected” and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)

Abstract

一种红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统，包括挤压式浓密装置（1）、测速系统（2）以及控制系统（3），挤压式浓密装置（1）包括内筒体（11）、外筒体（12）以及浓密机构（13），内筒体（11）竖直设置于外筒体（12）的内部，其上部连接矿浆进料管（111）、下部连接矿浆排料管（112）并设置有浓度传感器（114）、表面形成过滤面，测速系统（2）包括分别设置在矿浆排料管（112）以及排水管（113）的第一测速装置（21）和第二测速装置（22），控制系统（3）包括第一控制器（31）及第二控制器（32)，第一控制器(31)与测速系统(2)以及进料阀门(116)电连接，该系统能够实现对矿浆的高效率浓缩，以节省设备占地面积和成本。

Description

一种红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统 技术领域
本发明涉及矿物加工技术领域，尤其是涉及一种红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统。
背景技术
近年来，随着新能源电动汽车和消费类电子产品的不断推广和普及，全球锂离子二次电池需求呈现爆发式增长，作为锂离子二次电池的关键材料——镍及镍基化合物需求旺盛，金属镍及镍基产品的价格不断上涨。从全球发展趋势来看，随着环保理念和可再生能源理念的进一步深入人心，新能源电动汽车和消费类电子产品将全面普及，在没有革命性的新能源解决方案之前，锂离子二次电池将长期处于垄断地位。作为产业链上游的镍及镍基化合物，其供应不足的矛盾会更加突出。
红土镍矿中蕴含的镍占陆基镍储量的65％～70％，是冶炼镍及镍基化合物的重要矿种。红土镍矿冶炼中对于镍钴的沉淀通常包括如下步骤：利用磨矿单元将矿石磨成所需的粒度得到浆料，再浓密单元浓缩浆料。
目前，红土镍矿的生产中大多采用多级式的浓密处理系统，或如公开号为CN112095006A提供的一种改善高粘土铀矿浸出矿浆浓密洗涤效果的方法，其包括逆流倾析系统，该系统包括若干串联的浓密机，利用首级浓密机溢流调节进料矿浆液固体积质量比为6～10；进料矿浆先后添加两性型絮凝剂FZ3802和阳离子型絮凝剂CZ1690；将步骤(2)与絮凝剂混合充分的矿浆切向进入某级浓密机的中间桶，与下一级浓密机溢流进行逆流洗涤；首级浓密机溢流送至离子交换工艺单元进行吸附回收铀，然后将吸附尾液泵至末级浓密机作为洗水；底流矿浆拌合石灰中和送至尾矿坝存放。其中，采用了多级浓密并通过沉降的方式，将矿浆中的水分中的挤出，这种方式需要设置多台浓密机，浓密沉降所消耗的时间较长，并且其占地面积以及设备所消耗的成本较大。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述技术不足，提出一种红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统，解决现有技术中浓密系统的沉降效率低、占地面积以及设备所消耗的成本较大的技术问题。
为达到上述技术目的，本发明的技术方案提供一种红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统，包括挤压式浓密装置、测速系统以及控制系统，
所述挤压式浓密装置包括内筒体、外筒体以及浓密机构，所述内筒体竖直设置于所述外筒体的内部，其上部连接矿浆进料管、下部连接矿浆排料管并设置有浓度传感器、表面形成过滤面，以使所述内筒体与所述外筒体之间形成用于过滤清液的夹层，所述夹层连接排水管，所述矿浆进料管上设置有进料阀门，所述浓密机构包括螺旋挤压件，所述螺旋挤压件的驱动端呈螺旋状并设置有滤孔；
所述测速系统包括分别设置在矿浆排料管以及排水管的第一测速装置和第二测速装置，供以测量流速；
所述控制系统包括第一控制器及第二控制器，所述第一控制器与所述测速系统以及进料阀门电连接，供以通过测量的流速控制进料阀门启闭，所述第二控制器与所述浓度传感器以及螺旋挤压件电连接，以控制在矿浆浓度未达到设定值时，使螺旋挤压件的驱动端处于往复摆动的第一状态，在矿浆浓度达到设定值时，使螺旋挤压件的驱动端处于向下螺旋以进行送料的第二状态。
在一些实施例中，所述矿浆排料管上设置有出料阀门，所述第二控制器还与所述出料阀门电连接，能够控制所述出料阀门的开启和关闭；在矿浆浓度未达到设定值时，所述出料阀门为关闭状态；在矿浆浓度达到设定值时，所述出料阀门为开启状态。
在一些实施例中，所述内筒体的外表面均匀开设有第一滤孔，其下方形成有一锥部，其锥部的横截面积由上至下依次减小，所述内筒体的最小一端设置所述浓度传感器并连接所述矿浆排料管。
在一些实施例中，所述螺旋挤压件包括主中心杆、锥部中心杆、主螺旋叶片、锥部螺旋叶片以及第一驱动件，所述主中心杆设置于所述内筒体的上部，并与所述内筒体转动相连；所述锥部中心杆设于所述内筒体下部的锥部位置，并与所述主中心杆同轴相连；所述主螺旋叶片设置于所述主中心杆的外侧，并沿所述主中心杆的长度方向螺旋延伸；所述锥部螺旋叶片设置于所述锥部中心杆的外侧，并衔接所述主螺旋叶片并沿所述锥部中心杆的长度方向螺旋延伸；所述第一驱动件连接于所述主中心杆，供以通过所述主中心杆以及所述锥部中心杆驱动所述主螺旋叶片以及锥部螺旋叶片旋转，所述第一驱动件还与所述第二控制器电连接。所述主螺旋叶片和所述锥部螺旋叶片的外缘均与所述内筒体的内壁相贴合，所述主中心杆的直径大于所述锥部中心杆的直径。所述第一驱动件包括第一电机、两个第一带轮以及第一皮带，其中一个所述第一带轮通过联轴器连接所述主中心杆，另一所述第一带轮与所述第一电机的驱动轴相连接；所述第一皮带套设于两个所述第一带轮之间，用于通过所述第一带轮传递所述第一电机的驱动力，驱动所述主中心杆旋转。
在一些实施例中，所述浓密机构还包括有升降挤压件，所述升降挤压件的驱动端设置有滤孔，供以通过往复升降挤压矿浆，且所述升降挤压件和所述螺旋挤压的驱动端均布置在所述内筒体内部并位于以所述的矿浆排料管为界的上下部分。所述升降挤压件的驱动端的运动行程在所述矿浆进料管的出口之上；所述升降挤压件包括挤压板以及第二驱动件，所述挤压板横设于所述内筒体的内部，并能够沿内筒体的内壁上下滑动，所述挤压板上均匀开设有第三滤孔；所述第二驱动件与所述挤压板相连接，供以驱动所述挤压板上下移动。所述第二驱动件包括两个螺杆、两个第二带轮、第二皮带以及第二电机，两个所述螺杆均竖直布置于所述内筒体的内部，并分别与所述挤压板的两侧螺纹连接；两个所述第二带轮分别套嵌在两个所述螺杆上；所述第二皮带套设连接两个所述第二带轮；所述第二电机与其中一所述螺杆相连，供以通过第二带轮以及第二皮带驱动两个所述螺杆同步旋转。
在一些实施例中，所述第一测速装置以及所述第二测速装置均包括转轴、若干个拨动板以及转速传感器，所述矿浆排料管以及排水管上均设置 有扩张管道，所述转轴可转动设于所述扩张管道内；若干个拨动板以所述转轴的中心轴为圆心，呈环形阵列布置于所述转轴的一侧，供以在水流驱动下通过拨动板带动所述转轴转动；所述转速传感器设于转轴，其与所述第一控制器电连接，供以监测转速并向所述第一控制器发送信号。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果包括：通过设置双层的筒体结构、浓密机构以及控制系统，通过内筒体将清液过滤并排出，对矿浆进行初步过滤，螺旋挤压件的工作状态通过浓度传感器测得的浓度值反馈至第二控制器进行控制，在矿浆浓度未达到设定值时，控制螺旋挤压件处于往复摆动的第一状态，其向下摆动时的角度大于向上摆动时的角度，可以将矿浆依次向下推送挤压，向上摆动时在矿浆内各处预留间隙，供水流出并通过夹层及排水管排放出，能够实现对矿浆的快速浓密，且螺旋挤压件的驱动端呈螺旋状均布在内筒体的内部，可以提高内筒体内部各处矿浆浓度的均匀性，减少出现装置内部各处矿浆浓度不均匀的情况，从而有利于提高对矿浆的浓缩效率，直至浓度传感器检测到矿浆浓度达到设定值时，通过第二控制器控制所述螺旋挤压件处于向下螺旋的第二状态，此时螺旋挤压件用于输送矿浆。
通过设置第一测速装置和第二测速装置，用于测量矿浆排料管和排水管排放的矿浆和清液的流速，并通过排放的流速通过第一控制器控制出料阀门的开启或关闭，以便向内筒体中排放对应量的矿浆，实现对矿浆的及时补充，有利于进行矿浆浓密工作，提高了浓缩效率。
通过设置的挤压式浓密装置、测速系统以及控制系统便能够实现对矿浆的高效率浓缩，以节省设备占地面积和成本。
附图说明
图1是本发明提供的红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统一实施例的整体结构示意图；
图2是图1中的红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统的螺旋挤压件的立体结构示意图；
图3是图1中的红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统的升降挤压件的剖面结构示 意图；
图4是图1中的红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统的内筒体的锥部的连接结构示意图；
图5是图1中的红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统的测速系统的结构示意图；
图6是图1中的红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统的第一控制器的电路连接图；
图7是图1中的红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统的第一控制器的电路连接图。
图中：
1、挤压式浓密装置；11、内筒体；111、矿浆进料管；112、矿浆排料管；113、排水管；114、浓度传感器；115、出料阀门；116、进料阀门；117、第一滤孔；12、外筒体；13、浓密机构；14、螺旋挤压件；141、主中心杆；142、锥部中心杆；143、主螺旋叶片；144、锥部螺旋叶片；1441、第二滤孔；145、第一驱动件；1451、第一电机；1452、第一带轮；1453、联轴器；1454、第一皮带；15、升降挤压件；151、挤压板；152、第三滤孔；153、第二驱动件；1531、螺杆；1532、第二带轮；1533、第二皮带；
2、测速系统；21、第一测速装置；211、转轴；212、拨动板；213、转速传感器；214、扩张管道；22、第二测速装置；
3、控制系统；31、第一控制器；32、第二控制器；
4、沉淀式浓密装置。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
如图1至图7所示，本发明提供了一种红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统，包括挤压式浓密装置1、测速系统2以及控制系统3。
挤压式浓密装置1包括内筒体11、外筒体12以及浓密机构13，内筒体11竖直设置于外筒体12的内部，其上部连接矿浆进料管111、下部连接矿浆排料管112并设置有浓度传感器114、表面形成过滤面，以使内筒体11与外筒体12之间形成用于过滤清液的夹层，夹层连接排水管113，矿浆进料管111上设置有进料阀门116，浓密机构13包括螺旋挤压件14，螺旋 挤压件14的驱动端呈螺旋状并设置有滤孔。
测速系统2包括分别设置在矿浆排料管112以及排水管113的第一测速装置21和第二测速装置22，供以测量流速。
控制系统3包括第一控制器31及第二控制器32，第一控制器31与测速系统2以及进料阀门116电连接，供以通过测量的流速控制进料阀门116启闭，第二控制器32与浓度传感器114以及螺旋挤压件14电连接，以控制在矿浆浓度未达到设定值时，使螺旋挤压件14的驱动端处于往复摆动的第一状态，在矿浆浓度达到设定值时，使螺旋挤压件14的驱动端处于向下螺旋以进行送料的第二状态。
其中，螺旋挤压件14在第一状态时，其向下摆动时的角度大于向上摆动时的角度。
本装置中，设置双层的筒体结构，矿浆通过矿浆进料管111排放至内筒体11的内部，通过内筒体11将清液过滤出，过滤的清液流至夹层并通过排水管113排放，矿浆则保留在内筒体11的内部，进行初步的过滤后，还可以在内筒体11内通过螺旋挤压件14进行挤压除水；其中，螺旋挤压件14的工作状态通过浓度传感器114测得的浓度值反馈至第二控制器32进行控制，在矿浆浓度未达到设定值时，需利用螺旋挤压件14挤压出矿浆中的水分，此时螺旋挤压件14处于往复摆动的第一状态，其向下摆动时的角度大于向上摆动时的角度，通过螺旋挤压件14呈螺旋状并设置有滤孔的驱动端的往复摆动，可以将矿浆依次向下推送挤压，向上摆动时在矿浆内各处预留间隙，供水流出并通过夹层及排水管113排放出，能够实现对矿浆的快速浓密，且螺旋挤压件14的驱动端呈螺旋状均布在内筒体11的内部，可以提高内筒体11内部各处矿浆的浓度的均匀性，减少出现装置内部各处矿浆浓度不均匀的情况，从而有利于提高对矿浆的浓缩效率，直至浓度传感器114检测到矿浆浓度达到设定值时，通过第二控制器32控制所述螺旋挤压件14处于向下螺旋的第二状态，此时螺旋挤压件14用于输送矿浆，将矿浆向矿浆排料管112输送以排出达到浓度要求的物料。
其还在矿浆排料管112以及排水管113上分别设置第一测速装置21和第二测速装置22，用于测量排放的矿浆和清液的流速，并通过排放的流速通过第一控制器31控制出料阀门115的开启或关闭，以便向内筒体11中 排放对应量的矿浆，实现及时补充矿浆，有利于进行连续性的矿浆浓密工作，提高了浓缩效率。
需要说明的是，在一些实施例中，第一控制器31及第二控制器32可以是两个CPU控制器，也可以是一个CPU控制器中的两个控制部分，在此不做限定。
本装置利用内筒体11及螺旋挤压件14将矿浆过滤后排出，通过排水管113排放的清液中可能会存在部分可以利用的浆液，为避免造成矿浆的浪费，如图1所示，在一些实施例中，设置一沉淀式浓密装置4，其与排水管113相连通，可以收纳排出的清液，并通过沉淀的方式将清液中矿浆沉淀，其底部出口连通至矿浆进料管111，可以将沉淀的矿浆再送回至挤压式浓密装置1内进行浓密处理。
内筒体11设置在外筒体12的内部，用于过滤矿浆中所含水分，如图1所示，在一些实施例中，内筒体11和外筒体12均呈立式且同心布置,内筒体11的外表面均匀开设有第一滤孔117，其下方形成有一锥部，其锥部的横截面积由上至下依次减小，内筒体11的最小一端设置浓度传感器114并连接矿浆排料管112，通过设置锥部，使内筒体11底部逐渐变窄，有利于浓度传感器114精准检测。
螺旋挤压件14的驱动端呈螺旋状并设置有滤孔，如图1、图2所示，在一些实施例中，螺旋挤压件14包括主中心杆141、锥部中心杆142、主螺旋叶片143、锥部螺旋叶片144以及第一驱动件145，具体的，主中心杆141设置于内筒体11内的上部，并与内筒体11转动相连，其上下两端均通过支架与内筒体11固定在一起，并能够在支架上转动；锥部中心杆142设于内筒体11下部的锥部位置，其与主中心杆141同轴对接并固定相连；主螺旋叶片143固定设置于主中心杆141的外侧，并沿主中心杆141的长度方向螺旋延伸；锥部螺旋叶片144固定设置于锥部中心杆142的外侧，并衔接主螺旋叶片143，其顶端与主螺旋叶片143的底端固定连接，并沿锥部中心杆142的长度方向螺旋延伸，直至延伸至矿浆排料管112，主螺旋叶片143和锥部螺旋叶片144上均设置第二滤孔1441；第一驱动件145连接于主中心杆141，供以通过主中心杆141以及锥部中心杆142驱动主螺旋叶片143以及锥部螺旋叶片144旋转，第一驱动件145还与第二控制器32电连 接，通过第二控制器32能够控制第一驱动件145的驱动方式，而实现控制主螺旋叶片143和锥部螺旋叶片144进行往复式摆动或向下螺旋转动。
进一步的，为防止内筒体11上的第一滤孔117堵塞，因此，在一些实施例中，主螺旋叶片143和锥部螺旋叶片144的外缘均与内筒体11的内壁相贴合，可以通过主螺旋叶片143和锥部螺旋叶片144的转动，使其与内筒体11的内壁进行接触并往复刮动，能够避免内筒体11上的第一滤孔117堵塞，同时，主螺旋叶片143和锥部螺旋叶片144与内筒体11的内壁之间不留空隙，以增强主螺旋叶片143和锥部螺旋叶片144下压时的挤水效果，为适应内筒体11的锥部位置和其他直径较大的位置，设置主中心杆141的直径大于锥部中心杆142的直径，主中心杆141能够适配安装在锥部以上位置，并预留安装主螺旋叶片143的空隙，往下锥部中心杆142的直径减小，以适应小直径的锥部位置。
具体的，为实现驱动主螺旋叶片143和锥部螺旋叶片144进行往复式摆动或向下螺旋转动，如图1所示，在一些实施例中，第一驱动件145包括第一电机1451、两个第一带轮1452以及第一皮带1454，其中一个第一带轮1452通过联轴器1453固定连接主中心杆141，另一第一带轮1452套设在第一电机1451的驱动轴上并与驱动轴固定连接；第一皮带1454套设连接在两个第一带轮1452之间，在实施时，通过第一电机1451驱动与之相连的第一带轮1452进行转动，并通过第一带轮1452传递第一电机1451的驱动力，驱动另一第一带轮1452以及与之相连接的主中心杆141旋转，需要说明的是，第一电机1451为正反转电机，主要通过控制器和传感器进行控制，在其他实施例中，第一带轮1452以及第一皮带1454还可以替换为其他用于传递动力的联接件，例如齿轮组等。
为进一步提高紧密效率，如图1、图3所示，在一些实施例中，浓密机构13还包括有升降挤压件15，升降挤压件15的驱动端设置有滤孔，供以通过往复升降挤压矿浆，且升降挤压件15和螺旋挤压的驱动端均布置在内筒体11内部并分别位于以矿浆排料管112为界的上下部分，通过升降挤压件15将矿浆向下推送挤压后，再通过螺旋挤压矿浆，来增加矿浆的浓度。进一步的，挤压式浓密装置1内的矿浆液位保持在升降挤压件15的驱动端的运动行程内，并配合第一测速装置21以及第二测速装置22分别测量矿 浆排料管112以及排水管113的排出量，通过测得的排出量控制阀门打开，输送对应量的矿浆，使矿浆的液位能够保持在合适位置，供以配合进行升降挤压。具体的，升降挤压件15的驱动端的运动行程在矿浆进料管111的出口之上；升降挤压件15包括挤压板151以及第二驱动件153，挤压板151横设于内筒体11的内部，其外周面与内筒体11的内壁贴合，并能够沿内筒体11的内壁上下滑动，挤压板151上均匀开设有第三滤孔152；第二驱动件153与挤压板151相连接，供以驱动挤压板151上下移动，可以对内筒体11上部的矿浆进行挤压，同时将矿浆向下部推动，便于更好的过滤矿浆中的水分，同时保证浆液的流动性。
具体的，为实现驱动挤压板151的上下移动，在一些实施例中，第二驱动件153包括两个螺杆1531、两个第二带轮1532、第二皮带1533以及第二电机，两个螺杆1531均竖直布置于内筒体11的内部，并与内筒体11转动相连，还分别与挤压板151的两侧螺纹连接；两个第二带轮1532分别套嵌固定在两个螺杆1531上；第二皮带1533套设连接两个第二带轮1532；第二电机与其中一螺杆1531相连，在实施时，第二电机能够进行正反转，以通过第二带轮1532以及第二皮带1533驱动两个螺杆1531同步旋转，两个螺杆1531的旋向相同，在同步进行正转或反转时，能够实现驱动挤压板151的升降。需要说明的是，第二电机为正反转电机，在其他实施例中，第二驱动件153还可以是液压缸或气动缸等，直接与挤压板151进行连接，通过伸缩能够实现驱动挤压板151的上下移动。
在矿浆浓度未达到设定值时，为避免浆液通过底部的矿浆排料管112自动排放，如图4所示，在一些实施例中，矿浆排料管112上设置有出料阀门115，第二控制器32还与出料阀门115电连接，第二控制器32能够控制出料阀门115的开启和关闭；在矿浆浓度未达到设定值时，出料阀门115为关闭状态，此时在螺旋挤压件14的螺旋挤压下，矿浆不会通过矿浆排料管112外排，便于通过螺旋挤压件14产生的下压力挤出矿浆内部水分；在矿浆浓度达到设定值时，出料阀门115为开启状态，对应的，螺旋挤压件14处于向下螺旋的第二状态，能够通过矿浆排料管112排出矿浆至下一设备，不仅方便水的滤出，而且也便于输送矿浆。
如图5所示，在一些实施例中，第一测速装置21以及第二测速装置22 均包括转轴211、若干个拨动板212以及转速传感器213，矿浆排料管以及排水管113上均设置有扩张管道214，转轴211可转动设于扩张管道214内；若干个拨动板212以转轴211的中心轴为圆心，呈环形阵列布置于转轴211的一侧，供以在水流驱动下通过拨动板212带动转轴211转动；转速传感器213设于转轴211，通过其测量转速，其中，转速传感器213分别为第一转速传感器和第二转速传感器，第一转速传感器用以检测矿浆排料管的排料量，第二转速传感器用以检测排水管的清夜排放量，转速传感器213与第一控制器31电连接，其在监测转速后并向第一控制器31发送信号，以触发对应指令。
本发明通过设置双层的筒体结构、浓密机构13以及控制系统3，通过内筒体11将清液过滤并排出，对矿浆进行初步过滤，螺旋挤压件14的工作状态通过浓度传感器114测得的浓度值反馈至第二控制器32进行控制，在矿浆浓度未达到设定值时，控制螺旋挤压件14处于往复摆动的第一状态，其向下摆动时的角度大于向上摆动时的角度，可以将矿浆依次向下推送挤压，向上摆动时在矿浆内各处预留间隙，供水流出并通过夹层及排水管113排放出，能够实现对矿浆的快速浓密，且螺旋挤压件14的驱动端呈螺旋状均布在内筒体11的内部，可以提高内筒体11内部各处矿浆浓度的均匀性，减少出现装置内部各处矿浆浓度不均匀的情况，从而有利于提高对矿浆的浓缩效率，直至浓度传感器114检测到矿浆浓度达到设定值时，通过第二控制器32控制所述螺旋挤压件14处于向下螺旋的第二状态，此时螺旋挤压件14用于输送矿浆。
本发明通过设置第一测速装置21和第二测速装置22，用于测量矿浆排料管112和排水管113排放的矿浆和清液的流速，并通过排放的流速通过第一控制器31控制出料阀门115的开启或关闭，以便向内筒体11中排放对应量的矿浆，实现对矿浆的及时补充，有利于进行矿浆浓密工作，提高了浓缩效率。
本发明通过设置的挤压式浓密装置1、测速系统2以及控制系统3便能够实现对矿浆的高效率浓缩，以节省设备占地面积和成本。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“上”和“下”等指示的方 位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”和“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体的连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
需要说明的是，在本申请中，诸如“第一”和“第二”等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上所述本发明的具体实施方式，并不构成对本发明保护范围的限定。任何根据本发明的技术构思所做出的各种其他相应的改变与变形，均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统，其特征在于，包括：
    挤压式浓密装置，所述挤压式浓密装置包括内筒体、外筒体以及浓密机构，所述内筒体竖直设置于所述外筒体的内部，其上部连接矿浆进料管、下部连接矿浆排料管并设置有浓度传感器、表面形成过滤面，以使所述内筒体与所述外筒体之间形成用于过滤清液的夹层，所述夹层连接排水管，所述矿浆进料管上设置有进料阀门，所述浓密机构包括螺旋挤压件，所述螺旋挤压件的驱动端呈螺旋状并设置有滤孔；
    测速系统，所述测速系统包括分别设置在矿浆排料管以及排水管的第一测速装置和第二测速装置，供以测量流速；以及，
    控制系统，所述控制系统包括第一控制器及第二控制器，所述第一控制器与所述测速系统以及进料阀门电连接，供以通过测量的流速控制进料阀门启闭，所述第二控制器与所述浓度传感器以及螺旋挤压件电连接，以控制在矿浆浓度未达到设定值时，使螺旋挤压件的驱动端处于往复摆动的第一状态，在矿浆浓度达到设定值时，使螺旋挤压件的驱动端处于向下螺旋以进行送料的第二状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统，其特征在于，所述矿浆排料管上设置有出料阀门，所述第二控制器还与所述出料阀门电连接，能够控制所述出料阀门的开启和关闭；
    在矿浆浓度未达到设定值时，所述出料阀门为关闭状态；
    在矿浆浓度达到设定值时，所述出料阀门为开启状态。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统，其特征在于，所述内筒体的外表面均匀开设有第一滤孔，其下方形成有一锥部，其锥部的横截面积由上至下依次减小，所述内筒体的最小一端设置所述浓度传感器并连接所述矿浆排料管。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统，其特征在于，所述螺旋挤压件包括：
    主中心杆，所述主中心杆设置于所述内筒体的上部，并与所述内筒体转动相连；
    锥部中心杆，所述锥部中心杆设于所述内筒体下部的锥部位置，并与所述主中心杆同轴相连；
    主螺旋叶片，所述主螺旋叶片设置于所述主中心杆的外侧，并沿所述主中心杆的长度方向螺旋延伸；
    锥部螺旋叶片，所述锥部螺旋叶片设置于所述锥部中心杆的外侧，并衔接所述主螺旋叶片并沿所述锥部中心杆的长度方向螺旋延伸；以及，
    第一驱动件，所述第一驱动件连接于所述主中心杆，供以通过所述主中心杆以及所述锥部中心杆驱动所述主螺旋叶片以及锥部螺旋叶片旋转，所述第一驱动件还与所述第二控制器电连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统，其特征在于，所述主螺旋叶片和所述锥部螺旋叶片的外缘均与所述内筒体的内壁相贴合，所述主中心杆的直径大于所述锥部中心杆的直径。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统，其特征在于，所述第一驱动件包括：
    第一电机；
    两个第一带轮，其中一个所述第一带轮通过联轴器连接所述主中心杆，另一所述第一带轮与所述第一电机的驱动轴相连接；以及，
    第一皮带，所述第一皮带套设于两个所述第一带轮之间，用于通过所述第一带轮传递所述第一电机的驱动力，驱动所述主中心杆旋转。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统，其特征在于，所述浓密机构还包括有升降挤压件，所述升降挤压件的驱动端设置有滤孔，供以通过往复升降挤压矿浆，且所述升降挤压件和所述螺旋挤压的驱动端均布置在所述内筒体内部并位于以所述的矿浆排料管为界的上下部分。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统，其特征在于，所述升降挤压件的驱动端的运动行程在所述矿浆进料管的出口之上；所述升降挤压件包括：
    挤压板，所述挤压板横设于所述内筒体的内部，并能够沿内筒体的内壁上下滑动，所述挤压板上均匀开设有第三滤孔；以及，
    第二驱动件，所述第二驱动件与所述挤压板相连接，供以驱动所述挤压板上下移动。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统，其特征在于，所述第二驱动件包括：
    两个螺杆，两个所述螺杆均竖直布置于所述内筒体的内部，并分别与所述挤压板的两侧螺纹连接；
    两个第二带轮，两个所述第二带轮分别套嵌在两个所述螺杆上；
    第二皮带，所述第二皮带套设连接两个所述第二带轮；以及，
    第二电机，所述第二电机与其中一所述螺杆相连，供以通过第二带轮以及第二皮带驱动两个所述螺杆同步旋转。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统，其特征在于，所述第一测速装置以及所述第二测速装置均包括：
    转轴，所述矿浆排料管以及排水管上均设置有扩张管道，所述转轴可转动设于所述扩张管道内；
    若干个拨动板，若干个拨动板以所述转轴的中心轴为圆心，呈环形阵列布置于所述转轴的一侧，供以在水流驱动下通过拨动板带动所述转轴转动；以及，
    转速传感器，所述转速传感器设于转轴，其与所述第一控制器电连接，供以监测转速并向所述第一控制器发送信号。
PCT/CN2023/132020 2023-11-16 2023-11-16 一种红土镍矿的矿浆浓密系统 Pending WO2025102302A1 (zh)

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