WO2025059963A1 - 牙科辅助工具、阻生齿牵引装置及其安装方法 - Google Patents

牙科辅助工具、阻生齿牵引装置及其安装方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025059963A1
WO2025059963A1 PCT/CN2023/120273 CN2023120273W WO2025059963A1 WO 2025059963 A1 WO2025059963 A1 WO 2025059963A1 CN 2023120273 W CN2023120273 W CN 2023120273W WO 2025059963 A1 WO2025059963 A1 WO 2025059963A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wire
impacted tooth
auxiliary tool
elastic
hole
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PCT/CN2023/120273
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈良诚
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to PCT/CN2023/120273 priority Critical patent/WO2025059963A1/zh
Publication of WO2025059963A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025059963A1/zh
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C19/00—Dental auxiliary appliances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
    • A61C7/12—Brackets; Arch wires; Combinations thereof; Accessories therefor
    • A61C7/14—Brackets; Fixing brackets to teeth
    • A61C7/16—Brackets; Fixing brackets to teeth specially adapted to be cemented to teeth

Definitions

  • the invention relates to dental equipment, in particular to a dental auxiliary tool, an impacted tooth traction device and an installation method thereof.
  • Impacted teeth can be simply understood as teeth that are stuck and cannot grow out. They may be crooked teeth, teeth whose growth position is occupied by other teeth, teeth that cannot erupt due to abnormal morphology, supernumerary teeth, or teeth that are covered by gums or bones and cannot erupt smoothly and completely due to insufficient growth space.
  • mandibular wisdom teeth are the most common impacted teeth. They often grow horizontally in the gums, and their roots are located very close to the alveolar nerve. In the past, dental surgery has always been used to directly remove impacted teeth, which can easily cause pain and discomfort to patients.
  • the bone hole left after the direct extraction of the impacted tooth is large, which will immediately lead to poor support for the teeth next to the impacted tooth and make it easy for bacteria to grow near the tooth.
  • the impacted tooth may damage the nearby nerves due to some pulling actions during the direct extraction process.
  • the invention provides a dental auxiliary tool, which comprises a gripping rod, an extension section connected to the front end of the gripping rod, and a groove formed at the front end edge of the extension section.
  • the groove is used for receiving a wire and limiting the displacement of the wire.
  • the groove of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention includes a shallow groove portion adjacent to the front end edge and a deep groove portion away from the front end edge, and the width of the shallow groove portion is greater than the width of the deep groove portion.
  • the present invention also provides another dental auxiliary tool, which includes a gripping rod, an extension section connected to the front end of the gripping rod, and a front protrusion disposed on the extension section, and the front protrusion is used to pass through a hole of an elastic traction band.
  • the extension section of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention includes a long straight portion and a bent portion, the long straight portion is connected to the front end of the gripping rod and extends in the same direction as the gripping rod, and the bent portion is connected to the long straight portion and the angle between the bent portion and the long straight portion is greater than 90 degrees.
  • the front protrusion of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention is disposed on the bending portion.
  • the long straight portion of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention is further provided with a rear protrusion, and the rear protrusion is used to pass through another hole of the elastic traction band.
  • the angle between the bent portion and the long straight portion of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention is 120 degrees.
  • the width of the long straight portion of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention gradually increases in a direction away from the gripping rod.
  • the front protrusion of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention includes a connecting handle and an expansion umbrella portion with an outer diameter larger than the connecting handle, and the connecting handle is connected to the extension section and the expansion umbrella portion at its two ends.
  • the expansion umbrella portion of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention has a front brim located in front of the connecting handle and a rear brim located behind the connecting handle, and the length of the front brim is smaller than the length of the rear brim.
  • a groove is disposed at the front end edge of the bending portion of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention.
  • the groove is used to receive a wire and limit the displacement of the wire.
  • the groove of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention includes a shallow groove portion adjacent to the front end edge and a deep groove portion away from the front end edge, and the width of the shallow groove portion is greater than the width of the deep groove portion.
  • a rear protrusion is further provided on the extension section of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention.
  • the front and rear protrusions are separated by a distance, and the rear protrusion is closer to the front end of the gripping rod than the front protrusion.
  • the rear protrusion is used to pass through another hole of the elastic traction belt.
  • the present invention further provides an impacted tooth traction device, which includes a first fixer for fixing on an impacted tooth, a second fixer for fixing on a fixed body at a distance from the impacted tooth, and an elastic traction belt for connecting the first fixer and the second fixer.
  • the elastic traction belt of the impacted tooth traction device of the present invention includes an elastic belt body and at least two holes formed on the elastic belt body, the two holes are arranged along the length direction of the elastic belt body, and one of the holes is used to insert the first fixer, and the other hole is used to insert the second fixer.
  • the first fixing device of the impacted tooth traction device of the present invention is composed of a wire, which includes a twisted portion and a loop connected to the twisted portion, and the loop is used to pass through a through hole of the impacted tooth and the other hole of the elastic traction belt.
  • the first fixer of the impacted tooth traction device of the present invention is composed of a wire, which includes a twisted portion and a loop connected to the twisted portion, the loop is used to pass through the through hole of the impacted tooth, the twisted portion is bent to form a hook, and the hook is used to hook into the other hole of the elastic traction belt.
  • the present invention further provides an installation method of an impacted tooth traction device, which comprises: fixing a first fixer to an impacted tooth and connecting an elastic traction belt to the first fixer; fixing the second fixer to a fixed body; and stretching the elastic traction belt to a certain length before connecting it to the second fixer.
  • the present invention also provides a method for installing an impacted tooth traction device, which comprises: fixing a first fixing device on a
  • the invention relates to a method for installing a first fixing device and a second fixing device on a first fixing device; fixing a second fixing device to a fixing body; and stretching an elastic traction belt to a certain length and then connecting it to the first fixing device and the second fixing device.
  • the first fixing device is composed of a wire
  • the installation method of the present invention comprises: passing the wire through a through hole on the impacted tooth and bringing the two ends of the wire close to each other; putting a hole of the elastic traction belt on the wire located on the impacted tooth; and twisting the wire so that the wire has a twisted portion and a loop connecting the twisted portion.
  • FIG1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a dental auxiliary tool of the present invention.
  • FIG2 is a side view schematic diagram of an extension section of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention.
  • FIG3 is a schematic plan view of an extension section of a dental auxiliary tool according to the present invention.
  • FIG4 is a schematic plan view of the front protrusion of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention.
  • FIG5 is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of another embodiment of a dental auxiliary tool of the present invention.
  • FIG6 is a perspective view showing a wire passing through an impacted tooth
  • FIG7 is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of a dental auxiliary tool of the present invention when an elastic traction belt is mounted;
  • Fig. 1 to Fig. 4 show an embodiment of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention, which can assist the installation of the impacted tooth traction device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of the dental auxiliary tool.
  • Fig. 6 to Fig. 15 show an embodiment of the impacted tooth traction device and the installation method thereof of the present invention.
  • the dental auxiliary tool includes a gripping rod 1 suitable for a user to hold and an extension section 2 connected to the front end 11 of the gripping rod 1.
  • the extension section 2 includes a long straight portion 21 adjacent to the gripping rod 1 and a bent portion 22 away from the gripping rod 1.
  • the long straight portion 21 extends in the same direction as the gripping rod 1, and the long straight portion 21 and the bent portion 22 are both flat, and the angle A between the two is greater than 90 degrees. In this embodiment, the angle A is 120 degrees.
  • the width of the long straight portion 21 preferably increases in a direction away from the gripping rod 1, so a first width W1 is smaller than a second width W2.
  • the width of the bent portion 22 gradually decreases in a direction away from the long straight portion 21, so a third width W3 is greater than a fourth width W4.
  • a front protrusion 23 is provided on the extension section 2.
  • a rear protrusion 24 may be further provided on the extension section 2, but this is not necessary.
  • the front protrusion 23 and the rear protrusion 24 are both located on a rear side surface 201 of the extension section 2.
  • the rear protrusion 24 is closer to the front end 11 of the gripping rod 1 than the front protrusion 23.
  • the front protrusion 23 and the rear protrusion 24 are separated by a distance and aligned on a long axis B.
  • the front protrusion 23 is provided on the bending portion 22, and the rear protrusion 24 is provided on the long straight portion 21.
  • the front protrusion 23 includes a connecting handle 231 and an expansion umbrella 232 having an outer diameter greater than that of the connecting handle 231.
  • One end of the connecting handle 231 is connected to the expansion umbrella 232, and the other end is connected to the extension section 2.
  • the expansion umbrella 232 has a front eave 232a located in front of the connecting handle 231 and a rear eave 232b located behind the connecting handle 231.
  • the length L1 of the front eave 232a is less than the length L2 of the rear eave 232b.
  • a front edge of the front eave 232a is straight, and a rear edge of the rear eave 232b is arc-shaped. As shown in FIGS.
  • the rear protrusion 24 is the same as the front protrusion 23, that is, the connecting handle 241, the expansion umbrella 242, the front eave 242a and the rear eave 242b of the rear protrusion 24 are all the same as the corresponding parts of the front protrusion 23, and no further description is required.
  • a groove 221 is provided at the front edge 220 of the bending portion 22.
  • the groove 221 includes a shallow groove portion 221a and a deep groove portion 221b having a width wider than the shallow groove portion 221a.
  • the shallow groove portion 221a is adjacent to the front edge 220.
  • the deep groove portion 221b is connected to the center of the shallow groove portion 221a.
  • the width of the shallow groove portion 221a gradually decreases toward the deep groove portion 221b, or in other words, there is a funnel-shaped tapered groove portion 221c between the shallow groove portion 221a and the deep groove portion 221b.
  • the width of the tapered groove portion 221c gradually decreases from the shallow groove portion 221a to the deep groove portion 221b.
  • FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention, which is substantially the same as the above embodiment, except that its extension section 2 is completely straight without any bends, so its groove 221 is located at the front end edge of the extension section 2, and the front protrusion 23 and the rear protrusion 24 are the same as above and will not be described in detail.
  • FIG6 shows that the crown of an impacted tooth 5 has been removed and only the lower half remains, and the pulp cavity of the lower half has been trimmed and enlarged to form a recess 51.
  • a through hole 52 communicating with the recess 51 is drilled in the lower half.
  • the impacted tooth 5 originally grew horizontally in the gums, and was surgically processed into the state shown in FIG6.
  • FIG6 omits the gums and only shows the impacted tooth 5, and the same is true for FIG8 to FIG11.
  • FIG12 to FIG15 schematically show the gums 80, and the flesh flap formed after the gums 80 are cut is omitted.
  • FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of the impacted tooth traction device of the present invention, which includes a first fixture 4 for being fixed on an impacted tooth (such as the impacted tooth 5 shown in FIG. 6 ), a second fixture 6 for being fixed on a fixed body 7, and an elastic traction belt 3 for connecting the first fixture 4 and the second fixture 6.
  • the elastic traction belt 3 that has connected the first fixture 4 and the second fixture 6 has been stretched to a length, and thus a restoring elastic force is generated.
  • the impacted tooth 5 will always be subjected to a pulling force in the direction toward the fixed body 7, and thus be pulled in that direction and gradually move in that direction.
  • the impacted tooth 5 will be moved to the desired position, such as shown in FIG. 13 , at which time, part or all of the impacted tooth traction device of the present invention can be disassembled, and then the impacted tooth 5 can be removed surgically.
  • Step a fix the first fixing device 4 to the impacted tooth 5 and connect the elastic traction belt 3 to the first fixing device 4;
  • Step b fixing the second fixture 6 to the fixing body 7;
  • Step c stretch the elastic traction belt 3 to a certain length and then connect it to the second fixing device 6 .
  • step a and step b There is no restriction on the execution order of the above step a and step b, that is, you can choose which step to execute first as needed.
  • the first fixing device 4 is formed by a wire 4a.
  • the wire 4a is usually made of metal, but not limited thereto.
  • the elastic traction belt 3 includes an elongated elastic belt body 31 and a plurality of holes 32 formed on the elastic belt body 31 and arranged along the length direction of the elastic belt body 31 .
  • the fixing body 7 is a normal tooth near the impacted tooth 5 , but may also be a bone screw (not shown) locked on the bone.
  • the second fixture 6 is a fixing bolt adhered to the normal tooth, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • Step a1 passing the wire 4a through the through hole 52 of the impacted tooth 5, and bringing the two ends of the wire 4a close to each other, as shown in FIG6 ;
  • Step a2 putting the hole 32 of the elastic traction belt 3 onto the wire 4a located on the impacted tooth 5, as shown in FIG8;
  • Step a3 twist the wire 4a so that the wire 4a has a twisted portion 41 and a loop 42 connected to the twisted portion 41, as shown in Figure 9.
  • the loop 42 passes through the through hole 52 and the hole 32 of the elastic traction belt 3 and surrounds the impacted tooth 5.
  • Step d fixing the first fixture 4 to the impacted tooth 5;
  • Step e fixing the second fixture 6 to the fixing body 7;
  • Step f stretch the elastic traction belt 3 to a certain length and then connect it to the first fixing device 4 and the second fixing device 6 .
  • step d and step f There is no restriction on the execution order of the above step d and step f, that is, one can choose which step to execute first as needed.
  • step d is completed by the following sub-steps:
  • Step d1 Pass the wire 4a through the through hole 52 of the impacted tooth 5, and make the two ends of the wire 4a close to each other, as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • Step d2 twisting the wire 4a so that the wire 4a has a twisted portion 41 and a loop 42 connected to the twisted portion 41, as shown in FIG9 .
  • the loop 42 passes through the through hole 52 and surrounds the impaction tooth 5 .
  • Step d3 bend the twisted portion 41 to form a hook 411, as shown in FIG14.
  • the hook 411 can be used to hook into the hole 32 on the elastic traction belt 3, and the other hole 32 on the elastic traction belt 3 is hooked into a hook 61 of the second fixer 6.
  • the second fixer 6 is composed of a metal wire, which is tied to the fixed body 7 (i.e., two normal teeth) to form a fixation. After being tied, the metal wire is also bent to form the above-mentioned hook 61. As shown in Figure 14, the two ends of the stretched elastic traction belt 3 are hooked by the hook 411 of the first fixer and the hook 61 of the second fixer 6 respectively.
  • one end of the stretched elastic traction belt 3 is tied by the ring 42 of the first fixer, and the other end is put on the second fixer 6 by using the hole 32.
  • the second fixer 6 is a fixing bolt adhered to the fixed body 7 (a normal tooth).
  • FIG. 15 shows that the second fixing device 6 includes two fixing bolts 62 and a metal wire 63 for tying them together.
  • the two fixing bolts 62 are respectively attached to two normal teeth.
  • the end of the metal wire is bent to form a hook 61, which can be hooked into the hole 32 of the elastic traction belt 3.
  • the hole 32 of the elastic traction belt 3 is either penetrated by the fixing bolt or hooked by the hook.
  • this is only one of the connection methods between the elastic traction belt 3 and the first fixture 4 or the second fixture 6, and is not limited thereto.
  • the fixing bolt generally has a larger top portion, which can prevent the hole 32 of the elastic traction belt 3 from slipping off the fixing bolt.
  • the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention can be used to mount the elastic traction band 3 and quickly install it on the wire 4a, but it is not limited to this. That is, other tools can also be used to assist in installing the elastic traction band 3 on the wire 4a.
  • the method of using the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention is as follows: As shown in FIG. 7 , a dentist can first insert the front protrusion 23 of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention into a hole 32 on the elastic traction belt 3. Then, the dentist stretches the elastic belt body 31 to a certain length so that the elastic traction belt 3 accumulates elastic force that can be used to restore the original length. Next, the dentist inserts the rear protrusion 24 of the dental auxiliary tool into another hole 32 on the elastic traction belt 3. At this point, the dentist has completed a mounting operation of mounting the elastic traction belt 3 on the dental auxiliary tool. At this time, the elastic traction belt 3 has two holes 32 respectively mounted on the front protrusion 23 and the rear protrusion 24, and another hole 32 is exposed in the groove 221 on the bending portion 22.
  • the elastic traction band 3 can be stably mounted on the rear side surface 201 of the extension section 2 without any shaking.
  • the dental auxiliary tool moves or swings due to the operation of the dentist, the elastic traction band 3 still stably adheres to the extension section 2 and does not drift or swing relative to the extension section 2. Therefore, the dentist can quickly put the hole 32 of the elastic traction band 3 on the wire 4a located on the impacted tooth 5 in the narrow oral cavity, as shown in Figure 8.
  • the expansion umbrella portion 232 when the expansion umbrella portion 232 is disposed, the expansion umbrella portion 232 can be used to restrict the elastic traction belt 3 to prevent the elastic traction belt 3 from falling off the front protrusion 23 and the rear protrusion 24 .
  • the dentist may use a tool (not shown) to twist the substantially U-shaped wire 4a so that the wire 4a has a twisted portion 41 and a loop 42.
  • the dentist may use the groove 221 to receive the wire 4a and limit the displacement of the wire 4a, so that the wire 4a will not deviate or rotate arbitrarily when being twisted.
  • the dentist can remove the front protrusion 23 from the hole 32 of the elastic traction band 3 by slightly pulling the bent portion 22 backward and tilting it upward, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11.
  • the size and shape of the front brim 232a and the rear brim 232b of the expansion umbrella portion 232 help the front protrusion 23 to smoothly remove from the hole 32 and also help the front protrusion 23 to penetrate into the hole 32.
  • the expansion umbrella portion of the rear protrusion 24 also has the same function as described above, which will not be described in detail.
  • the dentist stretches the elastic traction band 3 to a certain length so that the elastic traction band 3 can accumulate elastic force for restoring the original length. Then, a hole 32 of the elastic traction band 3 is put on the second fixture 6 shown in FIG. 12 , or on the hook 61 shown in FIG. 14 , or on the fixing bolt 62 shown in FIG. 15 , and the installation of the impacted tooth traction device of the present invention is completed.
  • the elastic force stored in the elastic traction band 3 can be used to pull or drag the impacted tooth 5, so that the impacted tooth 5 is gradually pulled away from the nerves near it, such as the alveolar nerve 8. After the impacted tooth 5 is away from the nerves near it, the impacted tooth 5 is removed by dental surgery.
  • the present invention uses the elastic traction belt 3 to gradually pull the impacted tooth 5 away from its original position and away from the nearby nerves before removing it, which can not only reduce the discomfort and pain during and after the operation, but also reduce the risk of nerve damage near the impacted tooth 5. Furthermore, under the traction of the elastic traction belt 3 of the present invention, the impacted tooth 5 moves little by little in the traction direction, and the small bone hole generated by each small distance of movement will be quickly filled by the new bone, thereby solving the problem that the bone hole cannot be filled in time when the impacted tooth 5 is directly removed in the past.
  • the wire 4a is twisted to form the twisted portion 41 after passing through the hole 32 of the elastic traction band 3.
  • the wire 4a is first twisted to form the twisted portion 41, and then the twisted portion 41 is bent to form a hook 411, as shown in Figure 14.
  • the groove 221 of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention can accommodate the wire 4a and allow the wire 4a to lean against it, so that the wire 4a can be prevented from scratching the muscles on the inside of the cheek when it is entangled.
  • the long straight portion 21 of the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention can be used to extend into the oral cavity and push outward to support the cheek, and the junction of the long straight portion 21 and the bent portion 22 can be used to prevent the turned-up flesh flap from rebounding to its original position, while the bent portion 22 can be used to suppress the rebound.
  • the elastic traction band 3 is provided, so the dentist can easily, quickly and safely pass the wire 4a through the impacted tooth 5, install the elastic traction band 3 on the wire 4a and twist the wire 4a.
  • the dental auxiliary tool of the present invention can help the dentist to conveniently, quickly and safely install the impacted tooth traction device of the present invention.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

一种牙科辅助工具包括相连接的一握持杆（1）及一延伸段（2），延伸段（2）具有一前凸块（23），用以挂上一弹性牵引带（3）。一种阻生齿（5）牵引装置包括用以被固定在一阻生齿上（5）的一第一固定器（4）、用以被固定在一固定体（7）上的一第二固定器（6）、及用以连接第一固定器（4）与第二固定器（6）的弹性牵引带（3）。一种用以安装阻生齿（5）牵引装置的方法包括：将第一固定器（4）固定于阻生齿（5），将第二固定器（6）固定于固定体（7），及将弹性牵引带（3）拉伸一长度之后再连接到第一固定器（4）及第二固定器（6）上。

Description

牙科辅助工具、阻生齿牵引装置及其安装方法 技术领域
本发明与牙科器材有关，尤指一种牙科辅助工具、阻生齿牵引装置及其安装方法。
背景技术
阻生齿可以简单地理解为被卡住而长不出来的牙齿，可能是长歪的牙齿、生长位置被其他牙齿占据的牙齿、型态异常而无法萌发的牙齿、多生齿、或被牙龈或骨头盖住以致生长空间不足而无法顺利完全萌发的牙齿。举例来说，下颚智齿是一般最常见的阻生齿，它很常在牙龈内水平生长，而且，它的根部位置很靠近牙槽神经。在过去，一向是以牙科手术直接拔除阻生齿，而这种方式很容易让患者产生疼痛及不适，且直接拔除阻生齿后所遗留的骨洞很大，会立即导致阻生齿旁边的牙齿的支撑性变差，并让该牙齿附近容易孳生细菌。此外，阻生齿在被直接拔除的过程中可能会因为一些拉扯动作而损害到附近的神经。
发明内容
本发明提供一种牙科辅助工具，其包括一握持杆、连接于该握持杆的前端的一延伸段、及形成于该延伸段的前端缘的一凹槽，该凹槽用以收纳一线材，并限制该线材的位移。
在一实施例中，本发明该牙科辅助工具的该凹槽包括有一邻接该前端缘的浅槽部及一远离该前端缘的深槽部，该浅槽部的宽度大于该深槽部的宽度。
本发明还提供另一种牙科辅助工具，其包括一握持杆、连接于该握持杆的前端的一延伸段、及设置于该延伸段上的一前凸块，该前凸块用以穿过一弹性牵引带的一孔洞。
在一实施例中，本发明该牙科辅助工具的该延伸段包括有一长直部及一弯折部，该长直部连接该握持杆的该前端且与该握持杆同向延伸，该弯折部连接该长直部且与该长直部之间的角度为90度以上。
在一实施例中，本发明该牙科辅助工具的该前凸块设于该弯折部上。
在一实施例中，本发明该牙科辅助工具的该长直部上还设有一后凸块，该后凸块用以穿过该弹性牵引带的另一孔洞。
在一实施例中，本发明该牙科辅助工具的该弯折部与该长直部之间的角度为120度。
在一实施例中，本发明该牙科辅助工具的该长直部的宽度往远离该握持杆的方向渐增。
在一实施例中，本发明该牙科辅助工具的该前凸块包括有一连接柄部及一外径大于该连接柄部的扩张伞部，该连接柄部以其两端分别连接该延伸段及该扩张伞部。
在一实施例中，本发明该牙科辅助工具的该扩张伞部具有位于该连接柄部前方的一前檐及位于该连接柄部后方的一后檐，该前檐的长度小于该后檐的长度。
在一实施例中，本发明该牙科辅助工具的该弯折部的前端缘设有一凹槽，该凹槽用以收纳一线材，并限制该线材位移。
在一实施例中，本发明该牙科辅助工具的该凹槽包括一邻接该前端缘的浅槽部及一远离该前端缘的深槽部，该浅槽部的宽度大于该深槽部的宽度。
在一实施例中，本发明该牙科辅助工具的该延伸段上还设有一后凸块，该前、后凸块相隔一段距离，且该后凸块比该前凸块更靠近该握持杆的该前端，该后凸块用以穿过该弹性牵引带的另一孔洞。
本发明另提供一种阻生齿牵引装置，其包括用以固定在一阻生齿上的一第一固定器、用以固定在距离该阻生齿一段距离的一固定体上的一第二固定器、及用以连接到该第一固定器与该第二固定器的一弹性牵引带。
在一实施例中，本发明该阻生齿牵引装置的该弹性牵引带包括一弹性带体及至少两个形成在该弹性带体上的孔洞，两该孔洞沿该弹性带体的长度方向排列，且其中一孔洞用以套入该第一固定器，另一孔洞用以套入该第二固定器。
在一实施例中，本发明该阻生齿牵引装置的该第一固定器由一线材构成，该线材包括一缠绞部及连接该缠绞部的一环圈，该环圈用以穿过该阻生齿的一穿孔与该弹性牵引带的该另一孔洞。
在一实施例中，本发明该阻生齿牵引装置的该第一固定器由一线材构成，该线材包括一缠绞部及连接该缠绞部的一环圈，该环圈用以穿过阻生齿的该穿孔，该缠绞部被弯折形成一弯钩，该弯钩用以钩入该弹性牵引带的该另一孔洞。
本发明更提供一种阻生齿牵引装置的安装方法，其包括：将一第一固定器固定于一阻生齿及将一弹性牵引带连接到该第一固定器上；将该第二固定器固定于一固定体上；及将该弹性牵引带拉伸一长度之后再连接到该第二固定器上。
本发明又提供一种阻生齿牵引装置的安装方法，其包括：将一第一固定器固定于一 阻生齿；将一第二固定器固定于一固定体；及将一弹性牵引带拉伸一长度之后再连接到该第一固定器与该第二固定器上。在一实施例中，该第一固定器由一线材构成，且本发明该安装方法包括：将该线材穿过该阻生齿上的一穿孔，并使该线材的两端彼此靠近；将该弹性牵引带的一孔洞套于位于该阻生齿上的该线材上；及缠绞该线材，以使该线材具有一缠绞部及连接该缠绞部的一环圈。
附图说明
图1为本发明的牙科辅助工具的一实施例的立体示意图；
图2为本发明牙科辅助工具的延伸段的侧视示意图；
图3为本发明牙科辅助工具的延伸段的平面示意图；
图4为本发明牙科辅助工具的前凸块的平面示意图；
图5为本发明牙科辅助工具的另一实施例的部分立体示意图；
图6显示一线材穿过一阻生齿的立体示意图；
图7为本发明牙科辅助工具挂载弹性牵引带时的部分立体示意图；
图8至图11示意性地显示本发明牙科辅助工具协助安装第一固定器及弹性牵引带的动作过程；
图12及图13为本发明阻生齿牵引装置在不同状态下的平面示意图；
图14及图15为本发明阻生齿牵引装置的其它实施例的平面意图。
附图元件标号说明：
握持杆1                      前端11
延伸段2                      后侧面201
长直部21                     弯折部22
前端缘220                    凹槽221
浅槽部221a                   深槽部221b
渐缩槽部221c
前凸块23
连接柄部231                  扩张伞部232
前檐232a                     后檐232b
后凸块24
连接柄部241                  扩张伞部242
前檐242a                      后檐242b
弹性牵引带3
弹性带体31                    孔洞32
第一固定器4                   线材4a
缠绞部41                      弯钩411
环圈42
阻生齿5
凹穴51                        穿孔52
第二固定器6
弯钩61                        固定栓62
金属线材63
固定体7
牙槽神经8                     牙龈80
具体实施方式
图1至图4显示本发明的牙科辅助工具的一个实施例，它可协助本发明的阻生齿牵引装置的安装作业的进行。图5显示该牙科辅助工具的另一个实施例。图6至图15显示本发明的阻生齿牵引装置及其安装方法的一个实施例。
如图1所示，该牙科辅助工具包括适合一使用者握持的一握持杆1及连接握持杆1的前端11的一延伸段2。延伸段2包括邻近握持杆1的一长直部21及远离握持杆1的一弯折部22。如图2所示，长直部21与握持杆1同方向延伸，长直部21与弯折部22均呈扁平状，且两者的间的角度A为90度以上。在此实施例中，角度A为120度。此外，如图3所示，长直部21的宽度较佳是往远离握持杆1的方向渐增，故一第一宽度W1是小于一第二宽度W2。另如图4所示，弯折部22的宽度是往远离长直部21的方向渐缩，故一第三宽度W3是大于一第四宽度W4。
如图1及图2所示，延伸段2上设有一前凸块23。在此实施例中，延伸段2上还可再设置一后凸块24，但此非必要。前凸块23与后凸块24均位于延伸段2的一后侧面201上。后凸块24比前凸块23更靠近握持杆1的前端11。如图3所示，前凸块23与后凸块24相隔一段距离且对齐于一长轴线B上。较佳地，前凸块23设于弯折部22，后凸块24设于长直部21。
如图2及图4所示，前凸块23包括一连接柄部231及一外径大于该连接柄部231的扩张伞部232。连接柄部231的一端连接扩张伞部232，另一端则连接至延伸段2。扩张伞部232具有位于连接柄部231前方的一前檐232a及位于连接柄部231后方的一后檐232b。前檐232a的长度L1小于后檐232b的长度L2。前檐232a的一前边缘呈平直状，后檐232b的一后边缘呈圆弧状。如图2及图3所示，后凸块24与前凸块23相同，亦即后凸块24的连接柄部241、扩张伞部242、前檐242a与后檐242b均相同于前凸块23的对应部位，容不赘述。
如图1及图4所示，弯折部22的前端缘220设有一凹槽221。凹槽221包括一浅槽部221a及宽度宽于浅槽部221a的一深槽部221b。浅槽部221a邻接于前端缘220。深槽部221b与浅槽部221a的中央位置相通。浅槽部221a的宽度往深槽部221b的方向渐渐变小，或是说，浅槽部221a与深槽部221b之间有呈漏斗状的一渐缩槽部221c。渐缩槽部221c的宽度从浅槽部221a住深槽部221b的方向渐渐变小。
图5显示本发明的牙科辅助工具的另一个实施例，它与上述实施例大致相同，不同之处在于它的延伸段2全部都是直的而没有弯折，故它的凹槽221是位于延伸段2的前端缘，至于前凸块23与后凸块24则与上述相同，容不赘述。
图6显示一阻生齿5的牙冠已被切除而大约仅剩余下半部，且该下半部的牙髓腔已被修整扩大变成一凹穴51。此外，该下半部也被钻出与凹穴51相通的一穿孔52。在此实施例中，阻生齿5原本是水平生长在牙龈内，其经外科手术处理成图6所示的状态，图6省略了牙龈，只显示阻生齿5，图8至图11亦然。图12至图15示意性地显示牙龈80，并且将牙龈80被切开后所形成的肉瓣予以省略。
图12显示本发明的阻生齿牵引装置的一个实施例，其包括用以被固定在一阻生齿(例如图6所示的阻生齿5)上的一第一固定器4、用以被固定在一固定体7上的一第二固定器6、及用以连接第一固定器4与第二固定器6的一弹性牵引带3。已将第一固定器4与第二固定器6予以连接的弹性牵引带3已被拉伸一长度，并因此产生的一回复弹力。借由弹性牵引带3的该回复弹力，阻生齿5就会一直承受朝向固定体7的方向的拉力，并因此被往该方向拉动而逐渐往该方向移动。一段时间之后，阻生齿5就会被移动到想要的位置，例如图13所示，此时，就可拆卸本发明的阻生齿牵引装置的一部分或全部，然后，再用手术方式移除阻生齿5。
本发明的阻生齿牵引装置的安装方法的一个实施例包括以下步骤a至c：
步骤a：将第一固定器4固定于阻生齿5及将弹性牵引带3连接到第一固定器4上；
步骤b：将第二固定器6固定于固定体7；及
步骤c：将弹性牵引带3拉伸一长度之后再连接到第二固定器6上。
上述步骤a及步骤b并无执行顺序的限制，亦即，可视需要选择先执行哪一个步骤。
在此实施例中，第一固定器4是由一线材4a构成。线材4a通常是金属制成，但不以此为限。
在此实施例中，如图7所示，弹性牵引带3包括细长的一弹性带体31及多个形成在弹性带体31上且沿弹性带体31的长度方向排列的孔洞32。
在此实施例中，如图12所示，固定体7是阻生齿5附近的一颗正常牙齿，但也可以是锁在骨头上的骨钉(图中未示)。
在此实施例中，第二固定器6则是黏在该正常牙齿上的一固定栓，但不以此为限。
当第一固定器4是由线材4a构成时，步骤a是通过以下子步骤而完成的：
步骤a1：将线材4a穿过阻生齿5的穿孔52，并使线材4a的两端彼此靠近，如图6所示；
步骤a2：将弹性牵引带3的孔洞32套于位于阻生齿5上的线材4a上，如图8所示；及
步骤a3：缠绞线材4a，以使线材4a具有一缠绞部41及连接缠绞部41的一环圈42，如图9所示。其中，环圈42是穿过穿孔52及弹性牵引带3的孔洞32，并环绕阻生齿5。
通过上述a1至a3，不但可完成将第一固定器4固定于阻生齿5上的作业，并可在完成前述作业的同时也一并完成将弹性牵引带3连接到第一固定器4的作业。
本发明的阻生齿牵引装置的安装方法的另一个实施例包括以下步骤d至f：
步骤d：将第一固定器4固定于阻生齿5；
步骤e：将第二固定器6固定于固定体7；及
步骤f：将弹性牵引带3拉伸一长度之后再连接到第一固定器4与第二固定器6上。
上述步骤d及步骤f并无执行顺序的限制，亦即，可视需要选择先执行哪一个步骤。
当第一固定器4是由线材4a构成时，步骤d是通过以下子步骤而完成的：
步骤d1：将线材4a穿过阻生齿5的穿孔52，并使线材4a的两端彼此靠近，如图6所示。
步骤d2：缠绞线材4a，以使线材4a具有一缠绞部41及连接缠绞部41的一环圈42，如图9所示。其中，环圈42穿过穿孔52并环绕阻生齿5。
步骤d3：将缠绞部41弯折形成一弯钩411，如图14所示。如此，在进行步骤f时， 就可利用弯钩411来钩入弹性牵引带3上的孔洞32，弹性牵引带3上的另一孔洞32，则被第二固定器6的一弯钩61钩入。其中，第二固定器6是由一金属线材构成的，该金属线材是绑在固定体7(即两颗正常牙齿)上而形成固定。该金属线材在被绑好之后，还被弯折形成上述弯钩61。如图14所示，被拉伸的弹性牵引带3的两端分别被第一固定器的弯钩411与第二固定器6的弯钩61钩住。反观图12，被拉伸的弹性牵引带3的一端是由第一固定器的环圈42绑住，另一端则利用孔洞32而套于第二固定器6上，此时的第二固定器6是黏在固定体7(一颗正常牙齿)上的固定栓。
此外，图15显示第二固定器6包括两固定栓62及将它们绑在一起的一金属线材63，两该固定栓62分别黏在正常的两颗牙齿上，该金属线材的末段被弯折形成一弯钩61，该弯钩61可钩于弹性牵引带3的孔洞32。
简言之，弹性牵引带3的孔洞32不是被上述固定栓穿入，就是被上述弯钩钩入。但这都只是弹性牵引带3与第一固定器4或第二固定器6之间的连接方式之一，不以此为限。
此外，如一般所知，上述固定栓通常具有较大的顶部，该顶部可防止弹性牵引带3的孔洞32从上述固定栓滑脱。
在上述步骤中，可使用本发明上述牙科辅助工具来挂载弹性牵引带3及将它快速安装到线材4a上，但不以此为限，亦即，也可使用其它工具来协助将弹性牵引带3安装到线材4a上。
使用本发明上述牙科辅助工具的方法如下：如图7所示，一牙科医师可先将本发明的牙科辅助工具的前凸块23穿入弹性牵引带3上的一个孔洞32。然后，该牙科医师将弹性带体31拉伸一长度，以使弹性牵引带3积蓄可用于恢复原长度的弹力。接着，该牙科医师再将该牙科辅助工具的后凸块24穿入弹性牵引带3上的另一个孔洞32。至此，该牙科医师即完成将弹性牵引带3挂载于该牙科辅助工具上的一挂载作业，此时，弹性牵引带3除了有两个孔洞32分别套于前凸块23与后凸块24上，还有一个孔洞32是显露在弯折部22上的凹槽221内。
由于弹性牵引带3的弹性带体31会在前凸块23与后凸块24之间形成适度的弹性绷紧状态，故弹性牵引带3可被稳定地挂载于延伸段2的后侧面201上而不会任意晃动。当该牙科辅助工具因该牙科医师的操作动作而移动或摆动时，弹性牵引带3仍稳定地服贴在延伸段2上，不会相对延伸段2任意飘移或摇摆。因此，该牙科医师可在狭窄的口腔内快速将弹性牵引带3的孔洞32套于位于阻生齿5上的线材4a上，如图8所示。此 外，在配置有上述扩张伞部232的状况下，可利用扩张伞部232来限制弹性牵引带3，防止弹性牵引带3从前凸块23与后凸块24上脱落。
在上述步骤a3及步骤d2中，该牙科医师可利用一工具(图中未示)来缠绞大致呈U形的线材4a，以使线材4a具有缠绞部41及环圈42。该牙科医师在进行缠绞线材4a的过中，可利用凹槽221来收纳线材4a，并限制线材4a的位移，这能使线材4a在被缠绞时不会任意偏移或转动。
完成前段所述的作业之后，该牙科医师只要稍微将弯折部22往后拉并往上翘一下，如图10及图11所示，就可让前凸块23脱离弹性牵引带3的孔洞32。上述扩张伞部232的前檐232a与后檐232b的尺寸与形状配置，有助于前凸块23顺畅脱离孔洞32，亦有助于前凸块23穿入孔洞32。后凸块24的扩张伞部亦具有与前述相同的作用，容不赘述。
在弹性牵引带3脱离前凸块23与后凸块24之后，该牙科医师再将弹性牵引带3拉伸一长度，以使弹性牵引带3积蓄可用于恢复原长度的弹力。然后，将弹性牵引带3的一孔洞32套于图12所示的第二固定器6上，或是套于图14所示的弯钩61、或是套于图15所示的固定栓62，此时即完成本发明的阻生齿牵引装置的安装。
如图12及13所示，由于弹性牵引带3的两端分别连接第二固定器6与阻生齿5，故可利用弹性牵引带3所积蓄的上述弹力去牵引或拖拉阻生齿5，以使阻生齿5逐渐被拉离它附近的神经，例如牙槽神经8。在阻生齿5远离它附近的神经之后，再通过牙科手术移除阻生齿5。
相对于过去直接将阻生齿5移除的做法，本发明利用弹性牵引带3将阻生齿5逐渐拉离原位并让它远离附近神经之后再移除的做法，不但可降低术中及术后的不适与疼痛感，也可降低阻生齿5附近神经受损的风险。再者，在本发明的弹性牵引带3的拖拉下，阻生齿5是一点一点地往拖拉方向移动，每移动一小段距离所产生的小骨洞将很快被新生的骨头填补掉，从而解决过去直接移除阻生齿5造成骨洞无法及时填补的问题。
在上述实施例中，线材4a是在穿过弹性牵引带3的孔洞32之后才被缠绞形成该缠绞部41，然而，在一些例子中，线材4a是先被缠绞形成该缠绞部41，然后再将缠绞部41弯折形成弯钩411，如图14所示。
另由图8至图9可知，本发明该牙科辅助工具的上述凹槽221可收纳线材4a，并让线材4a倚靠，如此，可避免或降低线材4a在被缠绞时刮伤脸颊内侧的肌肉。此外，本发明该牙科辅助工具的长直部21可用来伸入口腔并往外拨开并撑住脸颊，长直部21与弯折部22的交界处可用来阻挡被翻起的肉瓣弹回原位，至于弯折部22则可用来压制弹 性牵引带3，故该牙科医生可很方便、快速且安全地将线材4a穿过阻生齿5、将弹性牵引带3安装到线材4a上及缠绞线材4a。简言之，本发明的牙科辅助工具可协助牙科医生方便、快速且安全地安装完成本发明的阻生齿牵引装置。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种牙科辅助工具，包括：
    一握持杆；
    一延伸段，连接于该握持杆的前端；及
    一设于该延伸段的前端缘的凹槽，该凹槽用以收纳一线材，并限制该线材的位移。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的牙科辅助工具，其中，该凹槽包括有一邻接该前端缘的浅槽部及一远离该前端缘的深槽部，该浅槽部的宽度大于该深槽部的宽度。
  3. 一种牙科辅助工具，包括：
    一握持杆；
    一延伸段，连接于该握持杆的前端；
    一设于该延伸段上的前凸块，该前凸块用以穿过一弹性牵引带的一孔洞。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的牙科辅助工具，其中，该延伸段包括有一长直部及一弯折部，该长直部连接该握持杆的该前端且与该握持杆同向延伸，该弯折部连接该长直部且与该长直部之间的角度为90度以上。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的牙科辅助工具，其中，该前凸块设于该弯折部上。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的牙科辅助工具，其中，该长直部上还设有一后凸块，该后凸块用以穿过该弹性牵引带的另一孔洞。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的牙科辅助工具，其中，该弯折部与该长直部之间的角度为120度。
  8. 如权利要求4所述的牙科辅助工具，其中，该长直部的宽度往远离该握持杆的方向渐增。
  9. 如权利要求3所述的牙科辅助工具，其中，该前凸块包括有一连接柄部及一外径大于该连接柄部的扩张伞部，该连接柄部以其两端分别连接该延伸段及该扩张伞部。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的牙科辅助工具，其中，该扩张伞部具有位于该连接柄部前方的一前檐及位于该连接柄部后方的的一后檐，该前檐的长度小于该后檐的长度。
  11. 如权利要求4所述的牙科辅助工具，其中，该弯折部的前端缘设有一凹槽，该凹槽用以收纳一线材，并限制该线材位移。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的牙科辅助工具，其中，该凹槽包括一邻接该前端缘的浅槽部及一远离该前端缘的深槽部，该浅槽部的宽度大于该深槽部的宽度。
  13. 如权利要求3所述的牙科辅助工具，其中该延伸段上还设有一后凸块，该前凸 块与该后凸块相隔一段距离，且该后凸块比该前凸块更靠近该握持杆的该前端，该后凸块用以穿过该弹性牵引带的另一孔洞。
  14. 一种阻生齿牵引装置，包括：
    一第一固定器，用以固定在一阻生齿上；
    一第二固定器，用以固定在距离该阻生齿一段距离的一固定体上；及
    一弹性牵引带，用以连接到该第一固定器与该第二固定器。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的阻生齿牵引装置，其中该弹性牵引带包括一弹性带体及至少两个形成在该弹性带体上的孔洞，两该孔洞沿该弹性带体的长度方向排列，且其中一孔洞用以套入该第一固定器，另一孔洞用以套入该第二固定器。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的阻生齿牵引装置，其中，该第一固定器由一线材构成，该线材包括一缠绞部及连接该缠绞部的一环圈，该环圈用以穿过该阻生齿的一穿孔与该弹性牵引带的该另一孔洞。
  17. 如权利要求15所述的阻生齿牵引装置，其中，该第一固定器由一线材构成，该线材包括一缠绞部及连接该缠绞部的一环圈，该环圈用以穿过阻生齿的该穿孔，该缠绞部被弯折形成一弯钩，该弯钩用以钩入该弹性牵引带的该另一孔洞。
  18. 一种阻生齿牵引装置的安装方法，包括：
    将一第一固定器固定于一阻生齿及将一弹性牵引带连接到该第一固定器上；
    将该第二固定器固定于一固定体上；及
    将该弹性牵引带拉伸一长度之后再连接到该第二固定器上。
  19. 一种阻生齿牵引装置的安装方法，包括：
    将一第一固定器固定于一阻生齿；
    将一第二固定器固定于一固定体；及
    将一弹性牵引带拉伸一长度之后再连接到该第一固定器与该第二固定器上。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的安装方法，其中该第一固定器由一线材构成，该安装方法包括：
    将该线材穿过该阻生齿上的一穿孔，并使该线材的两端彼此靠近；
    将该弹性牵引带的一孔洞套于位于该阻生齿上的该线材上；及
    缠绞该线材，以使该线材具有一缠绞部及连接该缠绞部的一环圈。
PCT/CN2023/120273 2023-09-21 2023-09-21 牙科辅助工具、阻生齿牵引装置及其安装方法 Pending WO2025059963A1 (zh)

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KR20030047634A (ko) * 2001-12-07 2003-06-18 배성민 다수의 훅을 이용한 치열 고정 장치
CN104622590A (zh) * 2015-02-17 2015-05-20 上海市徐汇区牙病防治所 一种下颌阻生智齿牵引装置
CN210749573U (zh) * 2019-09-21 2020-06-16 李佳岭 一种粘接在阻生牙上的牵引装置
CN112569415A (zh) * 2020-12-28 2021-03-30 常州市口腔医院 一种埋伏牙导萌治疗引流器
CN215839585U (zh) * 2021-01-25 2022-02-18 宋磊 一种带环鱼钩式矫治器
CN217448070U (zh) * 2022-02-24 2022-09-20 中国人民解放军空军军医大学 一种牙线牵引器
CN115887049A (zh) * 2022-11-27 2023-04-04 甘肃省人民医院 一种用于口腔颌面外科阻生齿拔除手术拉钩及其使用方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20030047634A (ko) * 2001-12-07 2003-06-18 배성민 다수의 훅을 이용한 치열 고정 장치
CN104622590A (zh) * 2015-02-17 2015-05-20 上海市徐汇区牙病防治所 一种下颌阻生智齿牵引装置
CN210749573U (zh) * 2019-09-21 2020-06-16 李佳岭 一种粘接在阻生牙上的牵引装置
CN112569415A (zh) * 2020-12-28 2021-03-30 常州市口腔医院 一种埋伏牙导萌治疗引流器
CN215839585U (zh) * 2021-01-25 2022-02-18 宋磊 一种带环鱼钩式矫治器
CN217448070U (zh) * 2022-02-24 2022-09-20 中国人民解放军空军军医大学 一种牙线牵引器
CN115887049A (zh) * 2022-11-27 2023-04-04 甘肃省人民医院 一种用于口腔颌面外科阻生齿拔除手术拉钩及其使用方法

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