WO2025050875A1 - 采样装置、电池管理系统及电池包 - Google Patents

采样装置、电池管理系统及电池包 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025050875A1
WO2025050875A1 PCT/CN2024/108048 CN2024108048W WO2025050875A1 WO 2025050875 A1 WO2025050875 A1 WO 2025050875A1 CN 2024108048 W CN2024108048 W CN 2024108048W WO 2025050875 A1 WO2025050875 A1 WO 2025050875A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sampling
circuit board
sampling device
battery
battery pack
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2024/108048
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘阳
刘财志
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NIO Technology Anhui Co Ltd
Original Assignee
NIO Technology Anhui Co Ltd
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Filing date
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Application filed by NIO Technology Anhui Co Ltd filed Critical NIO Technology Anhui Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025050875A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025050875A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/519—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising printed circuit boards [PCB]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of batteries, and specifically provides a sampling device, a battery management system, and a battery pack.
  • Battery packs are an important component of electric vehicles, and the management of battery packs is achieved through battery management systems.
  • the sampling device occupies a large space, which affects the power density of the battery pack.
  • the present disclosure aims to solve the above technical problem, that is, to solve the problem that the existing sampling device occupies a large space.
  • the present disclosure provides a sampling device for collecting status information of cylindrical cells in a battery pack, the sampling device comprising: a circuit board, arranged on the outer side of the battery pack; a sampling terminal, a first end of the sampling terminal is electrically connected to the cylindrical cell, and a second end is electrically connected to the circuit board.
  • the angle between the plane of the circuit board and the plane where the first end is located ranges from 85° to 95°.
  • the plurality of cylindrical cells in the battery pack are arranged vertically, and the electrodes of the cylindrical cells are arranged on the upper surface of the cylindrical cells; The first end is electrically connected to the electrode of the cylindrical battery core.
  • a side plate is provided on the side of the battery pack, and the circuit board is attached to the side of the side plate facing away from the cylindrical battery cell.
  • a positioning hole is provided on the side plate, a positioning piece is provided on the sampling device, the positioning piece is connected to the circuit board, and the positioning piece is plugged into the positioning hole.
  • the sampling terminal is a nickel sheet.
  • the sampling terminal is provided with a buffer zone, the first end and the second end generate deformation displacement through the buffer zone, and the maximum deformation displacement between the first end and the second end is greater than or equal to the displacement of the circuit board relative to the battery pack.
  • the sampling device further comprises a temperature sampling component, which is welded or plugged into the circuit board, and one end of the temperature sampling component facing away from the circuit board faces the cylindrical battery cell.
  • the side plate is provided with a through hole, and the end of the temperature sampling member facing away from the circuit board passes through the through hole and is attached to the cylindrical battery cell.
  • the side plate is provided with a through hole, the through hole is filled with a heat-conducting material, and the temperature sampling member is in contact with the heat-conducting material.
  • the present disclosure provides a battery management system, comprising: a battery management controller; and the above-mentioned sampling device, wherein the sampling device is electrically connected to the battery management controller.
  • the present disclosure provides a battery pack, comprising: a battery group, which includes a cylindrical battery cell and a fixed shell, the cylindrical battery cell is fixed in the fixed shell; the above-mentioned sampling device, the circuit board is arranged on the outer side of the fixed shell.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the sampling device provided by the present disclosure includes a circuit board and a sampling terminal.
  • the circuit board is arranged on the outer side of the battery pack; the first end of the sampling terminal is electrically connected to the cylindrical battery cell, and the second end is electrically connected to the circuit board.
  • the circuit board arranged on the outer side of the side plate will not occupy additional space in the battery pack, and will not reduce the battery pack. energy density.
  • the battery pack provided by the present disclosure can use the space used for setting the sampling device in the known technology to place the battery cells, so as to improve the energy density of the battery pack.
  • the sampling terminal is provided with a buffer zone, and the first end and the second end are deformed and displaced through the buffer zone, and the maximum deformation displacement between the first end and the second end is greater than or equal to the displacement of the circuit board relative to the battery pack.
  • the nickel sheet of the buffer zone can be deformed to form a deformation displacement between the first end and the second end of the sampling terminal, and at the same time, the circuit board and the battery pack will also generate an impact displacement.
  • the stress inside the sampling terminal can be eliminated, reducing the pulling force of the sampling terminal on the battery cell and the circuit board, thereby reducing the possibility of desoldering of the sampling terminal.
  • FIG1 is a diagram showing a method of connecting cells in parallel in a battery pack provided by the present disclosure
  • FIG2 is a diagram showing a method of connecting cells in series in a battery pack provided by the present disclosure
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG4 is an example of a temperature sampling component in a battery pack provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG5 is a structural diagram of some examples of sampling devices provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sampling terminal provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG7 is a structural diagram of some other examples of sampling devices provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG8 is a structural diagram of some further examples of sampling devices provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of some other examples of sampling devices provided by the present disclosure.
  • the terms “installation”, “setting”, and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal connection of two elements.
  • installation e.g., it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal connection of two elements.
  • the battery pack includes multiple battery packs and a box body, and the multiple battery packs are installed in the box body, and there is a certain gap between adjacent battery packs.
  • the space at the front end of the box body near the side wall of the box body is the front compartment, which is mainly used to set electronic control components and cooling pipes.
  • the battery management system includes a battery management controller and multiple battery supervision circuits (CSCs).
  • Each battery pack is equipped with a battery monitoring unit to monitor the status information of the battery cell 1.
  • the status information of the battery cell 1 includes but is not limited to the voltage.
  • the status information of the battery cell monitored by the battery monitoring unit is uploaded to the battery management controller through the bus for processing and analysis, so as to comprehensively manage the battery pack.
  • each battery pack is equipped with a battery monitoring unit, and several battery monitoring units form a slave battery management unit (SBMU).
  • SBMU slave battery management unit
  • an appropriate number of SBMUs form a master battery management unit (Master battery management unit, MBMU) and is equipped with other required modules such as local monitoring system, high voltage detection and insulation monitoring module, which together constitute the battery management system (BMS).
  • BMS battery management system
  • the sampling device is centrally arranged in the front compartment of the battery pack.
  • a shell is provided on the outside of the sampling device, resulting in the sampling device occupying a larger space, which affects the power density of the battery pack.
  • the present disclosure provides a battery pack, which includes a sampling device and a battery pack.
  • Figure 1 is a diagram showing a parallel connection of the battery cells of the battery pack provided by the present disclosure.
  • Figure 2 is a diagram showing a series connection of the battery cells of the battery pack provided by the present disclosure.
  • Multiple cells 1 in a single battery pack are first connected in parallel to form parallel segments, and then multiple parallel segments are connected in series to make the battery pack have a stable voltage.
  • a bus 3 is set between adjacent parallel segments of the battery cells 1 in the battery pack, and the first end of the bus 3 is connected to the positive electrode of one battery cell 1, and the second end of the bus 3 is connected to the negative electrode of the adjacent battery cell 1.
  • the parallel segments of multiple battery cells 1 can be connected in series. Taking a cylindrical battery cell as an example, assuming that the voltage of the cylindrical battery cell is 3.7V, the voltage of each parallel segment is 3.7V. If the number of parallel segments in series in the battery pack is 33, the voltage of the battery pack is 122.1V. The more parallel segments in series in the battery pack, the greater the voltage of the battery pack.
  • the fixed shell 7 includes a bottom plate 71 and a side plate 72, and the side plate 72 is protrudingly arranged on one side surface of the bottom plate 71. All the battery cells 1 are fixedly arranged in the area surrounded by the bottom plate 71 and the side plate 72 to keep the battery cells 1 in a stable state.
  • the sampling device includes a circuit board 2, a sampling chip 4 and a sampling terminal 5.
  • the sampling chip 4 is arranged on the circuit board 2 and is electrically connected to the circuit board 2.
  • the voltage collected by the first end of the sampling terminal 5 is the voltage of a parallel segment of the battery cell 1.
  • the status information of the battery cell 1 is transmitted to the sampling chip 4 through the sampling terminal 5 and the circuit board 2 in sequence, and then processed by the sampling chip 4 and uploaded to the battery management controller.
  • the sampling chip 4 is an analog sampling terminal AFE (Analog Front End), which is mainly used to convert the analog signal of the collected battery cell 1 status information into a digital signal and upload it.
  • AFE Analog Front End
  • the circuit board 2 is fitted on the side of the side plate 72 away from the battery cell 1.
  • the side plate 72 is provided with a positioning hole 721, and the sampling device is provided with a positioning member 8.
  • the positioning member 8 is connected to the circuit board 2 and inserted into the positioning hole 721 to position or fix the circuit board 2 and the side plate 72.
  • the circuit board 2 arranged on the outer side of the side panel 72 will not occupy additional space in the battery pack, and will not reduce the energy density of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack provided by the present disclosure can use the space used for setting the sampling device in the known technology to place the battery cell 1 to improve the energy density of the battery pack.
  • absorbent cotton and the like are generally provided in the battery pack, and the possibility of the circuit board 2 being damp is lower. Therefore, the circuit board 2 can be exposed (that is, no protective shell is provided) to further reduce the space occupied by the sampling device.
  • the circuit board 2 is provided on the outer side of the side panel 72, the distance between the circuit board 2 and the battery cell 1 is closer, so the sampling terminal 5 can be conveniently provided.
  • the sampling device further includes a temperature sampling component 9, which is electrically connected to the circuit board 2.
  • the temperature sampling component 9 is welded or plugged into the circuit board 2.
  • the temperature sampling component 9 can collect the temperature information of the battery cell 1, and transmit the temperature information to the signal processing chip via the circuit board 2, and convert the temperature information into digital information.
  • the signal processing chip can be arranged on the circuit board 2, or on other circuit modules. When the signal processing chip is arranged on the circuit board 2, it can be a sampling chip 4 or other processing chips.
  • the temperature sampling component 9 is of a patch type, and the patch type temperature sampling component 9 is directly welded to the circuit board 2, and the temperature sampling component 9 is attached to the circuit board 2. Nearby. A through hole 722 is provided on the side plate 72, and the through hole 722 penetrates the side plate 72 to connect the battery cell side and the circuit board side. The through hole 722 is filled with a thermally conductive material, such as a thermally conductive glue, and the temperature sampling component 9 is in contact with the thermally conductive material. The temperature of the battery cell 1 can be transferred to the patch-type temperature sampling component 9 through the thermally conductive material, so that the temperature information of the battery cell 1 collected by the patch-type temperature sampling component 9 is more accurate.
  • a thermally conductive material such as a thermally conductive glue
  • FIG. 4 is an example of a temperature sampling component in a battery pack provided by the present disclosure.
  • the temperature sampling component 9 is of a wiring harness type or a plug-in type.
  • the wiring harness type temperature sampling component 9 is welded or plugged with the circuit board 2 through a flexible circuit board to achieve electrical connection, and the plug-in type temperature sampling component 9 is plugged with the circuit board 2 through a slot to achieve electrical connection.
  • Both the wiring harness type and the plug-in type temperature sampling components 9 have a certain length.
  • a through hole 722 is provided on the side panel 72, and the through hole 722 passes through the side panel 72 to connect the battery cell side and the circuit board side.
  • the end of the wiring harness type and the plug-in type temperature sampling component 9 facing away from the circuit board 2 passes through the through hole 722 and is attached to the outer surface of the battery cell 1, thereby directly obtaining the temperature information of the battery cell 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sampling terminal provided by the present disclosure.
  • the sampling terminal 5 is a nickel sheet. Since the distance between the circuit board 2 and the battery cell 1 is relatively short, it is possible to use the nickel sheet as the sampling terminal 5 .
  • the sampling terminal 5 has a first side 51 and a second side 52.
  • the first end of the sampling terminal 5 is the end of the first side 51 away from the second side 52, also called the first welding area 511.
  • the first welding area 511 is welded to the battery cell 1 or the bus 3, so that the first end of the sampling terminal 5 is electrically connected to the battery cell 1.
  • the second end of the sampling terminal 5 is the end of the second side 52 away from the first side 51, also called the second welding area 521.
  • the second welding area 521 is welded to the circuit board 2, so that the second end of the sampling terminal 5 is electrically connected to the circuit board 2.
  • the second side 52 is generally arranged parallel to the circuit board 2 to facilitate welding the second side 52 to the circuit board 2.
  • the plane where the first end of the sampling terminal 5 is located is the plane where the first side 51 is located, and the plane where the circuit board 2 is located is the plane where the second side 52 is located. Therefore, the angle between the plane of the circuit board 2 and the plane where the first end of the sampling terminal 5 is located is the angle between the first side 51 and the second side 52.
  • the sampling terminal 5 is provided with a buffer zone 53.
  • the buffer zone 53 is provided on the first side 51.
  • the buffer zone 53 is a nickel sheet in a zigzag or wavy shape.
  • the nickel sheet 53 has a certain elasticity and can be deformed to form a deformation displacement between the first end and the second end of the sampling terminal 5.
  • the nickel sheet of the buffer zone 53 can be deformed to form a deformation displacement between the first end and the second end of the sampling terminal 5, and at the same time, the circuit board 2 will also generate an impact displacement with the battery pack.
  • the maximum deformation displacement between the first end and the second end is greater than or equal to the displacement of the circuit board 2 relative to the battery pack, the stress inside the sampling terminal 5 can be eliminated, and the pulling force of the sampling terminal 5 on the battery cell 1 and the circuit board 2 can be reduced, thereby reducing the possibility of the sampling terminal 5 being desoldered.
  • the buffer zone 53 is set on the first side 51 in the example of the present disclosure, this is not a specific limitation of the present disclosure. Without departing from the principle of the present disclosure, in other embodiments, those skilled in the art may also set the buffer zone 53 on the second side 52, or set it on both the first side 51 and the second side 52.
  • the sampling terminal 5 includes a first connecting line and a first connector, and the first connecting line includes two. One end of one first connecting line is electrically connected to the first connector, and the other end is electrically connected to the battery cell 1. One end of another first connecting line is electrically connected to the first connector, and the other end is electrically connected to the circuit board 2.
  • the first connecting line can be a wiring harness or a flexible circuit board.
  • the flexible circuit can be an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) flexible etching circuit, or an FDC (Flexible Die-cutting Circuit) flexible die-cut circuit.
  • the first connector is also called a connector, including a plug and a socket, which can be plugged into each other to achieve electrical connection.
  • the plug and the socket are electrically connected to a first connecting line respectively, and then the plug and the socket of the first connector are plugged into each other to achieve electrical connection between the two first connecting lines.
  • the sampling terminal 5 includes a first connecting wire, and two ends of the first connecting wire are electrically connected to the battery cell 1 and the circuit board 2 respectively.
  • the circuit board 2 includes a plurality of first boards 21, each of which is provided with a sampling chip 4, and each of which is connected to a small number of sampling terminals 5, thereby reducing the length of each first board 21, so that the first board 21 is not prone to the problem of high stress due to its long length when using a printed circuit board.
  • the first boards 21 may all use flexible circuit boards, or some of the first boards 21 may use flexible circuit boards, and the other first boards 21 may use printed circuit boards.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural diagram of other examples of sampling devices provided by the present disclosure.
  • the circuit board 2 includes a first board 21 and a second board 22, and a transmission line 23 is arranged between the first board 21 and the second board 22 for signal transmission.
  • Each first board 21 is connected to at least one second board 22.
  • the sampling chip 4 is arranged on the first board 21 and electrically connected to the first board 21, and the sampling chip 4 is specifically connected to the first board 21 by soldering.
  • the second board 22 is an extension of the first board 21, and the state information of the battery cell 1 connected to the second board 22 can be transmitted to the first board 21 via the transmission line 23, so that the number of sampling terminals 5 connected to the first board 21 and the second board 22 is as equal to the number of sampling channels of the sampling chip 4 as possible, so that the efficiency of the sampling chip 4 is maximized, thereby reducing the number of sampling chips 4 used to save costs.
  • the number of sampling channels of the sampling chip 4 cannot be fully utilized, and the number of sampling terminals 5 connected to the first board 21 and the second board 22 may be slightly smaller than the number of sampling channels of the sampling chip 4 .
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of some further examples of sampling devices provided in the present disclosure.
  • one first board 21 is connected to two second boards 22.
  • each first board 21 may also be connected to more than two second boards 22.
  • each first board 21 is connected to two second boards 22, and the two second boards 22 are respectively located on both sides of the first board 21, which is conducive to wiring to prevent the lines from crossing each other.
  • the number of sampling chips 4 arranged on the first board 21 is one. This arrangement can easily make the number of sampling terminals 5 connected to the first board 21 and the second board 22 equal to the number of sampling channels of the sampling chip 4.
  • the number of sampling chips 4 arranged on the first board 21 is two or more. If the number of sampling chips 4 arranged on the first board 21 is two or more, under the premise that the sampling channels of the sampling chip 4 correspond one-to-one to the battery cells 1, the more battery cells 1 each first board 21 can collect state parameters, the fewer the number of first boards 21 can be arranged. Since the manufacturing process of the first board 21 is relatively complex and its manufacturing cost is relatively high, reducing the number of first boards 21 can further reduce the cost of the sampling device.
  • the sampling terminal 5 is connected to both the first board 21 and the second board 22.
  • One end of the sampling terminal 5 is electrically connected to the battery cell 1, and the end of some sampling terminals 5 away from the battery cell 1 is electrically connected to the first board 21, and the end of another part of the sampling terminals 5 away from the battery cell 1 is connected to the second board 22.
  • the voltage signals of some of the battery cells 1 are sequentially transmitted to the sampling chip 4 through the sampling terminal 5, the second board 22, the transmission line 23 and the first board 21, and the voltage signals of another part of the battery cells 1 are sequentially transmitted to the sampling chip 4 through the sampling terminal 5 and the first board 21.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of some other examples of sampling devices provided by the present disclosure.
  • the sampling terminal 5 is only connected to the second board 22.
  • One end of the sampling terminal 5 is electrically connected to the battery cell 1, and the other end is electrically connected to the second board 22.
  • the voltage signal of the battery cell 1 is transmitted to the sampling chip 4 through the sampling terminal 5, the second board 22, the transmission line 23 and the first board 21 in sequence. Since the sampling chip 4 is arranged on the first board 21, the circuit will be slightly complicated. Not arranging the sampling terminal 5 on the first board 21 can reduce the setting length of the first board 21 to further reduce the stress of the first board 21.
  • the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 are both printed circuit boards to reduce the cost of the sampling device.
  • the sampling terminal 5 is made of a nickel sheet
  • the connection between the sampling terminal 5 and the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 is relatively simple and reliable.
  • the sampling chip 4 can be directly welded.
  • the first board 21 is a printed circuit board and the second board 22 is a flexible circuit board. Due to its own characteristics, the stress of the flexible circuit board is small and the length can be set longer, so that the second board 22 can be connected to more battery cells 1 through the sampling terminal 5.
  • the sampling terminal 5 can be a lead-out portion from the second board 22.
  • the lead-out portion of the sampling terminal 5 inside the second board 22 can include: copper foil, aluminum foil, copper-nickel strip, aluminum-nickel strip, or nickel strip.
  • the first plate 21 is a flexible circuit board
  • the second plate 22 is a flexible circuit board or a printed circuit board.
  • the portion of the first plate 21 where the sampling chip 4 is arranged needs to be hardened to facilitate welding of the sampling chip 4.
  • the transmission line 23 includes a connecting line, and both ends of the connecting line are electrically connected to the first board 21 and the second board 22, respectively, which can be specifically plug-in or
  • the connecting wire can be a wire harness or a flexible circuit.
  • the transmission line 23 includes a second connector and a second connecting wire, and at least one end of some of the second connecting wires is electrically connected to the second connector, and the other end is electrically connected to the first board 21 or the second board 22, so as to establish circuit communication between the first board 21 and the second board 22.
  • one end of all second connecting wires is electrically connected to the second connector, and the other end is electrically connected to the first board 21 or the second board 22; when there are multiple second connectors, at least one end of the second connecting wire is electrically connected to the first board 21 and the other end is electrically connected to a second connector, at least one end of the second connecting wire is electrically connected to the second board 22 and the other end is electrically connected to a second connector, and both ends of the remaining second connecting wires are electrically connected to different second connectors.
  • the form of electrical connection can be welding or plug-in.
  • the second connecting wire can be a wiring harness or a flexible circuit.
  • the structure of the second connector is the same as that of the first connector.
  • a daisy chain 6 is also provided between the first board 21 and the second board 22 for communication.
  • the two ends of the daisy chain 6 are electrically connected to the first board 21 and the second board 22 respectively.
  • the purpose of the first board 21 and the second board 22 communicating through the daisy chain 6 is to isolate the mutual interference between the high-voltage side and the low-voltage side.
  • the high-voltage side refers to the collected voltage signal of the battery cell 1
  • the low-voltage side refers to the low-voltage signal processed by the sampling chip 4.
  • the present disclosure also provides a battery management system, which includes a battery management controller and the above-mentioned sampling device.
  • the sampling device is electrically connected to the battery management controller, and can collect and process the status information of the battery cell 1 and upload it to the battery management controller for further processing and analysis, so as to facilitate comprehensive management of the battery pack.
  • the present disclosure further provides a battery pack, which includes the above sampling device and the above battery pack, and the circuit board 2 is arranged on the outer side of the side plate 72 away from the battery cell 1.
  • the circuit board 2 is arranged on the side of the side plate 72 away from the battery cell 1.
  • the circuit board 2 arranged on the outer side of the side plate 72 will not occupy additional space in the battery pack, and will not reduce the energy density of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack provided by the present disclosure can use the space used for setting the sampling device in the known technology to place the battery cell 1, so as to improve the energy density of the battery pack.
  • the circuit element 2 on the outer side of the fixed shell 7 There are fewer components, and the possibility of the circuit board 2 being disturbed is low.
  • absorbent cotton is generally provided in the battery pack, and the possibility of the circuit board 2 being damp is low.
  • the circuit board 2 can be provided in an exposed manner to further reduce the space occupied by the sampling device.
  • the circuit board 2 is provided on the outer side of the side plate 72, the distance between the circuit board 2 and the battery cell 1 is relatively close, so that the sampling terminal 5 can be conveniently provided.

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Abstract

本公开涉及电池，具体提供一种采样装置、电池管理系统及电池包，旨在解决现有采样装置占据空间较大的问题。为此目的，本公开的采样装置包括电路板和采样端子，电路板设置于电池组的外侧边；采样端子的第一端与圆柱电芯电连接，第二端与电路板电连接。设置在侧板外侧边的电路板不会占据电池包的额外空间，同时，电池包能够将已知技术中用于设置采样装置的空间用来放置电芯，以提升电池包的能量密度。同时，固定壳外侧边的电路元件较少，电路板受到干扰的可能性较低，且电池组内一般会设置吸水棉等，电路板受潮的可能性较低。并且，电路板设置在侧板外侧边时，电路板与电芯之间的距离较近，能够方便设置采样端子。

Description

采样装置、电池管理系统及电池包
本申请要求2023年09月08日提交的、发明名称为“采样装置、电池管理系统及电池包”的中国专利申请CN202311161342.7的优先权，上述中国专利申请的全部内容通过引用并入本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及电池的技术领域，具体提供一种采样装置、电池管理系统及电池包。
背景技术
目前电动汽车已经成为未来车辆发展的重点方向，电池包是电动汽车的重要组成部件，电池包的管理通过电池管理系统实现。
在已知的电池包中，采样装置占据的空间较大，影响电池包的电量密度。
因此，目前亟需一种采样装置、电池管理系统及电池包，以解决现有采样装置占据空间较大的问题。
发明内容
本公开旨在解决上述技术问题，即，解决现有采样装置占据空间较大的问题。
在第一方面，本公开提供一种采样装置，用于采集电池组中圆柱电芯的状态信息，所述采样装置包括：电路板，设置于所述电池组的外侧边；采样端子，所述采样端子的第一端与所述圆柱电芯电连接，第二端与所述电路板电连接。
在上述采样装置的具体实施方式中，所述电路板的平面和所述第一端所在的平面之间的夹角范围为85°至95°。
在上述采样装置的具体实施方式中，所述电池组中的多个圆柱电芯竖直排列，所述圆柱电芯的电极设置于所述圆柱电芯的上表面； 所述第一端与所述圆柱电芯的电极电连接。
在上述采样装置的具体实施方式中，所述电池组的侧边设置有侧板，所述电路板贴合于所述侧板背离所述圆柱电芯的侧边。
在上述采样装置的具体实施方式中，所述侧板上设置有定位孔，所述采样装置上设置有定位件，所述定位件与所述电路板连接，所述定位件插接于所述定位孔。
在上述采样装置的具体实施方式中，所述采样端子为镍片。
在上述采样装置的具体实施方式中，所述采样端子设置有缓冲区，所述第一端和所述第二端通过所述缓冲区产生形变位移，且所述第一端和所述第二端之间的最大形变位移量大于或等于所述电路板相对所述电池组的位移量。
在上述采样装置的具体实施方式中，所述采样装置还包括温度采样件，所述温度采样件焊接或插接于所述电路板，所述温度采样件背离所述电路板的一端朝向所述圆柱电芯。
在上述采样装置的具体实施方式中，所述侧板开设有通孔，所述温度采样件背离所述电路板的一端穿过所述通孔后贴设于所述圆柱电芯。
在上述采样装置的具体实施方式中，所述侧板开设有通孔，所述通孔填充有导热材料，所述温度采样件与所述导热材料接触。
在第二方面，本公开提供一种电池管理系统，包括：电池管理控制器；上述的采样装置，所述采样装置与所述电池管理控制器电连接。
在第三方面，本公开提供一种电池包，包括：电池组，其包括圆柱电芯和固定壳，所述圆柱电芯固定于所述固定壳内；上述的采样装置，所述电路板设置于所述固定壳的外侧边。
与现有技术相比，本公开具有以下有益效果：
本公开提供的采样装置包括电路板和采样端子，电路板设置于电池组的外侧边；采样端子的第一端与圆柱电芯电连接，第二端与电路板电连接。在电池包中，由于相邻的电池组之间具有一定的间隙，设置在侧板外侧边的电路板不会占据电池包的额外空间，不会降低电池包 的能量密度。同时，本公开提供的电池包，能够将已知技术中用于设置采样装置的空间用来放置电芯，以提升电池包的能量密度。同时，固定壳外侧边的电路元件较少，电路板受到干扰的可能性较低，且电池组内一般会设置吸水棉等，电路板受潮的可能性较低。并且，电路板设置在侧板外侧边时，电路板与电芯之间的距离较近，能够方便设置采样端子。
更进一步，采样端子设置有缓冲区，第一端和第二端通过缓冲区产生形变位移，且第一端和第二端之间的最大形变位移量大于或等于电路板相对电池组的位移量。在电池包或者电池组受到冲击而振动时，缓冲区的镍片能够形变使采样端子的第一端和第二端之间形成形变位移，同时电路板也会与电池组之间产生冲击位移。若第一端和第二端之间的最大形变位移量大于或等于电路板相对电池组的位移量，则能够消除采样端子内部的应力，降低采样端子对电芯和电路板的拉拽力，从而降低采样端子脱焊的可能性。
附图说明
下面结合附图来描述本公开的优选实施方式，附图中：
图1是本公开提供的电池组的电芯并联的方式；
图2是本公开提供的电池组的电芯串联的方式；
图3是本公开提供的电池组的结构示意图；
图4是本公开提供的电池组中温度采样件的一种示例；
图5是本公开提供的采样装置一些示例的结构图；
图6是本公开提供的采样端子的结构示意图；
图7是本公开提供的采样装置另一些示例的结构图；
图8是本公开提供采样装置又一些示例的结构图；
图9是本公开提供采样装置其他一些示例的结构图。
附图标记说明：
1、电芯；2、电路板；21、第一板；22、第二板；23、传输
线路；3、汇流排；4、采样芯片；5、采样端子；51、第一边；511、第一焊接区；52、第二边；521、第二焊接区；53、缓冲区；6、菊花链；7、固定壳；71、底板；72、侧板；721、定位孔；722、通孔；8、定位件； 9、温度采样件。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本公开的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本公开的技术原理，并非旨在限制本公开的保护范围。
需要说明的是，在本公开的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方向或位置关系的术语是基于附图所示的方向或位置关系，这仅仅是为了便于描述，而不是指示或暗示所述装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，还需要说明的是，在本公开的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“设置”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，还可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域技术人员而言，可根据具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
在已知技术中，对于采用CTP(Cell to Pack)结构的电池包来说，电池包包括多个电池组和箱体，多个电池组安装在箱体内，相邻的电池组之间具有一定的间隙。箱体前端靠近箱体侧壁的空间为前仓，主要用于设置电控部件及冷却管路。
电池管理系统包括电池管理控制器和多个电池监控单元(Cell supervision circuit，CSC)，每个电池组内均配备一个电池监控单元，以监测电芯1的状态信息。电芯1的状态信息包括但不限于电压，电池监控单元监控的电池单体的状态信息通过总线上传至电池管理控制器进行处理分析，对电池包进行综合管理。具体的，每个电池组配有一个电池监控单元，几个电池监控单元组成一个子电池系统管理单元(Slave battery management unit，SBMU)，根据储能容量的需要，再由适当数量的SBMU组成一个主电池系统管理单元(Master battery management unit， MBMU)，并配备就地监控系统、高压检测和绝缘监测模块等其他所需的模块，这些模块共同构成电池管理系统(Battery management system，BMS)。
在已知技术中，采样装置集中设置在电池包的前仓内，为避免电路板受潮或互相干扰，采样装置的外部会设置外壳，导致采样装置占据的空间较大，影响电池包的电量密度。
为了解决上述问题，本公开提供一种电池包，该电池包包括采样装置和电池组。
图1是本公开提供的电池组的电芯并联的方式。图2是本公开提供的电池组的电芯串联的方式。
如图1和图2所示，每个电池组均包括多个电芯1和固定壳7，全部的电芯1通过固定壳7固定，使电芯1保持稳定。
在本公开的示例中，电芯1为圆柱电芯。电池组中的多个电芯1竖直排列，电芯1的电极设置在电芯1的上表面和下表面，其中，电芯1的正极位于电芯1的上表面，负极位于电芯1的下表面。
单个电池组中的多个电芯1先并联形成并联段，多个并联段再进行串联，使电池组具有稳定的电压。电池组中电芯1相邻的并联段之间设置汇流排3，汇流排3的第一端与一个电芯1的正极连接，汇流排3的第二端与相邻电芯1的负极连接。通过多个汇流排3，能够将多个电芯1的并联段进行串联。以圆柱电芯为例，假设圆柱电芯的电压为3.7V，则每个并联段的电压均为3.7V，若电池组中并联段的串联数量为33个，则电池组的电压为122.1V。电池组中并联段的串联数量越多，电池组的电压越大。
图3是本公开提供的电池组的结构示意图。
如图3所示，固定壳7包括底板71和侧板72，侧板72凸出设置在底板71的一侧表面。全部的电芯1固定设置在底板71和侧板72所围的区域内，以保持电芯1处于稳定状态。
图5是本公开提供的采样装置一些示例的结构图。
如图3和图5所示，采样装置包括电路板2、采样芯片4和采样端子5，采样芯片4设置在电路板2上并与电路板2电连接。采样端 子5设有多条，每条采样端子5的第一端与电芯1的电极电连接，具体与汇流排3焊接从而实现与电芯1的电极电连接；采样端子5的第二端与电路板2电连接。采样端子5的第一端所采集的电压为电芯1一个并联段的电压。电芯1的状态信息依次经过采样端子5和电路板2传输至采样芯片4，再由采样芯片4处理后上传至电池管理控制器。在本公开的具体示例中，采样芯片4为模拟采样终端AFE(Analog Front End)，主要用于将采集到的电芯1状态信息的模拟信号转变为数字信号，并进行上传。
其中，如图3所示，电路板2贴合设置于侧板72背离电芯1的侧边。侧板72设置有定位孔721，采样装置设置有定位件8，定位件8与电路板2连接后插接于定位孔721内，以此定位或固定电路板2和侧板72。
在电池包中，由于相邻的电池组之间具有一定的间隙，设置在侧板72外侧边的电路板2不会占据电池包的额外空间，不会降低电池包的能量密度。同时，本公开提供的电池包，能够将已知技术中用于设置采样装置的空间用来放置电芯1，以提升电池包的能量密度。同时，固定壳7外侧边的电路元件较少，电路板2受到干扰的可能性较低，且电池组内一般会设置吸水棉等，电路板2受潮的可能性较低，因此，电路板2可以裸露设置(即不设置保护壳体)，以更进一步地降低采样装置所占用的空间。并且，电路板2设置在侧板72外侧边时，电路板2与电芯1之间的距离较近，能够方便设置采样端子5。
如图3所示，在一些实施方式中，采样装置还包括温度采样件9，温度采样件9电连接于电路板2。具体的，温度采样件9焊接或插接于电路板2。温度采样件9能够采集电芯1的温度信息，并且将温度信息经电路板2传输至信号处理芯片，将温度信息转变为数字信息。该信号处理芯片可以设置在电路板2上，也可以设置在其他电路模块上。当信号处理芯片设置在电路板2上时，其可以为采样芯片4，也可以为其他处理芯片。
在一种可能的实施方式中，温度采样件9为贴片式，贴片式的温度采样件9与电路板2直接焊接，并且温度采样件9贴设在电路板2 附近。侧板72上开设通孔722，通孔722贯穿侧板72以连通电芯侧和电路板侧。通孔722内填充导热材料，如导热胶，温度采样件9与导热材料接触。电芯1的温度能够通过导热材料传递至贴片式的温度采样件9，使贴片式的温度采样件9所采集的电芯1的温度信息更加准确。
图4是本公开提供的电池组中温度采样件的一种示例。
在另一种可能的实施方式中，如图4所示，温度采样件9为线束式或插接式。其中，线束式的温度采样件9通过柔性电路板与电路板2焊接或插接以实现电连接，插接式的温度采样件9通过插槽与电路板2插接以实现电连接。线束式和插接式的温度采样件9均具有一定的长度。侧板72上开设有通孔722，通孔722贯穿侧板72以连通电芯侧和电路板侧。线束式和插接式的温度采样件9背离电路板2的一端穿过通孔722后贴设于电芯1的外表面，从而直接获取电芯1的温度信息。
图6是本公开提供的采样端子的结构示意图。
关于采样端子5，如图6所示，在一些示例中，采样端子5为镍片。由于电路板2和电芯1之间的距离较近，使用镍片作为采样端子5具有可能性。
电路板2的平面与采样端子5的第一端所在平面之间存在夹角，该夹角的范围为85°至95°，优选为90°。
具体的，采样端子5具有第一边51和第二边52。采样端子5的第一端即为第一边51背离第二边52的一端，也称第一焊接区511。第一焊接区511与电芯1或汇流排3焊接，使采样端子5的第一端与电芯1电连接。采样端子5的第二端即为第二边52背离第一边51的一端，也称第二焊接区521。第二焊接区521与电路板2焊接，使采样端子5的第二端与电路板2电连接。第二边52一般与电路板2平行设置，以便于将第二边52焊接于电路板2。采样端子5的第一端所在平面即为第一边51所在的平面，电路板2所在的平面即为第二边52所在的平面，因此，电路板2的平面与采样端子5的第一端所在平面之间的夹角即为第一边51和第二边52之间的夹角。
更进一步，采样端子5设置有缓冲区53，具体的，缓冲区53设置在第一边51上。缓冲区53为呈折线形或波浪形的镍片，缓冲区 53的镍片具有一定的弹性，能够形变使采样端子5的第一端和第二端之间形成形变位移。在电池包或者电池组受到冲击而振动时，缓冲区53的镍片能够形变使采样端子5的第一端和第二端之间形成形变位移，同时电路板2也会与电池组之间产生冲击位移。若第一端和第二端之间的最大形变位移量大于或等于电路板2相对电池组的位移量，则能够消除采样端子5内部的应力，降低采样端子5对电芯1和电路板2的拉拽力，从而降低采样端子5脱焊的可能性。
需要说明的是，尽管在本公开的示例中缓冲区53设置在第一边51，但这不是对本公开的具体限定，在不偏离本公开原理的前提下，在其他实施方式中，本领域技术人员还可以将缓冲区53设置在第二边52，或者同时设置在第一边51和第二边52。
关于采样端子5，在其他的一些示例中，采样端子5包括第一连接线和第一接插件，第一连接线包括两条。一条第一连接线的一端与第一接插件电连接，另一端与电芯1电连接。另一条第一连接线的一端与第一接插件电连接，另一端与电路板2电连接。第一连接线可以为线束或柔性电路板。柔性线路可以为FPC(Flexible Printed Circuit)柔性蚀刻线路，或者FDC(Flexible Die-cutting Circuit)柔性模切线路。
其中，第一接插件也称连接器，包括接头和插座，接头和插座能够互相插接以实现电连接。插头和插座分别与一条第一连接线电连接，之后再将第一接插件的插头和插座插接，就能够实现两条第一连接线的电连接。
关于采样端子5，在另一些示例中，采样端子5包括第一连接线，第一连接线的两端分别与电芯1和电路板2电连接。
关于电路板2的设置，如图5所示，在一些示例中，电路板2包括多个第一板21，每个第一板21上均设置采样芯片4，每个第一板21对应连接少量的采样端子5，以此降低每个第一板21的长度，使第一板21在使用印刷电路板时也不易因长度较长而出现应力较大的问题。当然，在其他实施方式中，第一板21也可以全部使用柔性电路板，或者部分的第一板21使用柔性电路板，另一部分第一板21使用印刷电路板。
图7是本公开提供的采样装置另一些示例的结构图。
关于电路板2的设置，如图7所示，在另一些示例中，电路板2包括第一板21和第二板22，第一板21和第二板22之间设置有传输线路23，以进行信号的传输。每个第一板21连接至少一个第二板22。采样芯片4设置于第一板21，且与第一板21电连接，采样芯片4具体通过锡焊连接在第一板21上。通过将电路板2分为第一板21和第二板22，能够有效地降低单块电路板2的长度。同时，第二板22作为第一板21的扩展，第二板22所连接的电芯1的状态信息能够经传输线路23传输至第一板21，从而使第一板21和第二板22所连接的采样端子5的数量尽可能地等于采样芯片4的采样通道数，使采样芯片4的效率发挥至最大，从而降低采样芯片4的使用数量，以节省成本。当然，在大多数情况下，采样芯片4的采样通道数不能够被全部利用，第一板21和第二板22所连接的采样端子5的数量可以略小于采样芯片4的采样通道数。
图8是本公开提供采样装置又一些示例的结构图。
关于电路板2的设置，如图8所示，在又一些示例中，一个第一板21连接两个第二板22。当然，这不是对本公开的具体限定，在不偏离本公开原理的前提下，在其他的示例中，每个第一板21还可以连接两个以上的第二板22。一般来说，每个第一板21会连接两个第二板22，两个第二板22分别位于第一板21的两侧，这样有利于布线，以免线路之间互相交叉。
如图7所示，关于采样芯片4的设置，在一些示例中，第一板21上设置的采样芯片4的数量为一个。该种设置方式能够比较容易地使第一板21和第二板22所连接的采样端子5的数量等于采样芯片4的采样通道数。
如图8所示，关于采样芯片4的设置，在另一些示例中，第一板21上设置的采样芯片4的数量为两个或两个以上。若第一板21上设置的采样芯片4的数量为两个或两个以上，在采样芯片4的采样通道与电芯1一一对应的前提下，每个第一板21所能够采集状态参数的电芯1数量越多，以此能够减少第一板21的设置数量。由于第一板21的制造工艺较为复杂，其制造成本较高，因此降低第一板21的数量能够进一步降低采样装置的成本。
关于采样端子5的连接位置，如图8所示，在一些示例中，第一板21和第二板22上均连接采样端子5。采样端子5的其中一端与电芯1电连接，部分采样端子5背离电芯1的一端与第一板21电连接，另一部分采样端子5背离电芯1的一端与第二板22连接。一部分电芯1的电压信号依次经过采样端子5、第二板22、传输线路23和第一板21传输至采样芯片4处，另一部分电芯1的电压信号依次经过采样端子5和第一板21传输至采样芯片4处。
图9是本公开提供采样装置其他一些示例的结构图。
关于采样端子5的连接位置，如图9所示，在另一些示例中，采样端子5仅连接在第二板22上。采样端子5的一端与电芯1电连接，另一端与第二板22电连接。电芯1的电压信号依次经过采样端子5、第二板22、传输线路23和第一板21传输至采样芯片4处。由于第一板21上设置采样芯片4，电路会稍微复杂。在第一板21上不设置采样端子5，能够减小第一板21的设置长度，以进一步降低第一板21的应力。
关于第一板21和第二板22的材料，在一些示例中，第一板21和第二板22均为印刷电路板，以降低采样装置的成本。当采样端子5采用镍片时，采样端子5与第一板21和第二板22的连接较为简单，并且可靠。同时，第二板22采用印刷电路板时，可以直接焊接采样芯片4。
关于第一板21和第二板22的材料，在其他的一些示例中，第一板21为印刷电路板，第二板22为柔性电路板。柔性电路板因为自身的特性，应力较小，长度可以设置的较长，从而使第二板22能够通过采样端子5与更多的电芯1连接。当第二板22为柔性电路板时，采样端子5可以为从第二板22上的引出部分。第二板22内部采样端子5的引出部分，可以包括：铜箔、铝箔、铜镍带、铝镍带、或者镍带。
关于第一板21和第二板22的材料，在另外的一些示例中，第一板21为柔性电路板，第二板22为柔性电路板或印刷电路板。第一板21采用柔性电路板时，需要对第一板21设置采样芯片4的部分进行硬化处理，以便于焊接采样芯片4。
关于传输线路23，在一些示例中，传输线路23包括连接线，连接线的两端分别与第一板21和第二板22电连接，具体可以为插接或 者焊接。连接线可以为线束或柔性线路。
关于传输线路23，在其他的一些示例中，传输线路23包括第二接插件和第二连接线，至少部分第二连接线的一端与第二接插件电连接，另一端与第一板21或第二板22电连接，从而在第一板21和第二板22之间建立电路通信。具体的，第二接插件的数量为单个时，所有第二连接线的一端与第二接插件电连接，另一端与第一板21或第二板22电连接；第二接插件为多个时，至少有一根第二连接线的一端与第一板21电连接、另一端与一个第二接插件电连接，至少有一根第二连接线的一端与第二板22电连接、另一端与一个第二接插件电连接，其余第二连接线的两端均与不同的第二接插件电连接。电连接的形式可以为焊接或者插接。第二连接线可以为线束或柔性线路。第二接插件的结构与第一接插件的结构相同。
第一板21和第二板22之间还设置有菊花链6，以进行通讯。菊花链6的两端分别与第一板21和第二板22电连接，第一板21和第二板22通过菊花链6进行通讯的目的是为了隔离高压侧和低压侧之间的互相干扰。其中，高压侧指所采集的电芯1的电压信号，低压侧指经过采样芯片4处理后的低压信号。
基于上述的采样装置，本公开还提供一种电池管理系统，该电池管理系统包括电池管理控制器和上述的采样装置，采样装置与电池管理控制器电连接，并且能够将电芯1的状态信息采集并处理后上传至电池管理控制器进行进一步的处理分析，以便于对电池包进行综合管理。
基于上述的采样装置，本公开还提供一种电池包，电池包包括上述的采样装置和上述的电池组，电路板2设置于侧板72背离电芯1的外侧边。
综上所述，本公开提供的电池包的设置优点如下：
电路板2贴合设置于侧板72背离电芯1的侧边。在电池包中，由于相邻的电池组之间具有一定的间隙，设置在侧板72外侧边的电路板2不会占据电池包的额外空间，不会降低电池包的能量密度。同时，本公开提供的电池包，能够将已知技术中用于设置采样装置的空间用来放置电芯1，以提升电池包的能量密度。同时，固定壳7外侧边的电路元 件较少，电路板2受到干扰的可能性较低，且电池组内一般会设置吸水棉等，电路板2受潮的可能性较低，因此，电路板2可以裸露设置，以更进一步地降低采样装置所占用的空间。并且，电路板2设置在侧板72外侧边时，电路板2与电芯1之间的距离较近，能够方便设置采样端子5。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本公开的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本公开的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本公开的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种采样装置，用于采集电池组中圆柱电芯(1)的状态信息，其特征在于，所述采样装置包括：
    电路板(2)，设置于所述电池组的外侧边；
    采样端子(5)，所述采样端子(5)的第一端与所述圆柱电芯(1)电连接，第二端与所述电路板(2)电连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的采样装置，其特征在于，所述电路板(2)的平面和所述第一端所在的平面之间的夹角范围为85°至95°。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的采样装置，其特征在于，所述电池组中的多个圆柱电芯(1)竖直排列，所述圆柱电芯(1)的电极设置于所述圆柱电芯(1)的上表面；
    所述第一端与所述圆柱电芯(1)的电极电连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的采样装置，其特征在于，所述电池组的侧边设置有侧板(72)，所述电路板(2)贴合于所述侧板(72)背离所述圆柱电芯(1)的侧边。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的采样装置，其特征在于，所述侧板(72)上设置有定位孔(721)，所述采样装置上设置有定位件(8)，所述定位件(8)与所述电路板(2)连接，所述定位件(8)插接于所述定位孔(721)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的采样装置，其特征在于，所述采样端子(5)为镍片。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的采样装置，其特征在于，所述采样端子(5)设置有缓冲区(53)，所述第一端和所述第二端通过所述缓冲区(53)产生形变位移，且所述第一端和所述第二端之间的最大形变位移量大于或等于 所述电路板(2)相对所述电池组的位移量。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的采样装置，其特征在于，所述采样装置还包括温度采样件(9)，所述温度采样件(9)焊接或插接于所述电路板(2)，所述温度采样件(9)背离所述电路板(2)的一端朝向所述圆柱电芯(1)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的采样装置，其特征在于，所述侧板(72)开设有通孔(722)，所述温度采样件(9)背离所述电路板(2)的一端穿过所述通孔(722)后贴设于所述圆柱电芯(1)。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的采样装置，其特征在于，所述侧板(72)开设有通孔(722)，所述通孔(722)填充有导热材料，所述温度采样件(9)与所述导热材料接触。
  11. 一种电池管理系统，其特征在于，包括：
    电池管理控制器；
    如权利要求1至10中任意一项所述的采样装置，所述采样装置与所述电池管理控制器电连接。
  12. 一种电池包，其特征在于，包括：
    电池组，其包括圆柱电芯(1)和固定壳(7)，所述圆柱电芯(1)固定于所述固定壳(7)内；
    如权利要求1至10中任意一项所述的采样装置，所述电路板(2)设置于所述固定壳(7)的外侧边。
PCT/CN2024/108048 2023-09-08 2024-07-29 采样装置、电池管理系统及电池包 Pending WO2025050875A1 (zh)

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