WO2025020003A1 - 广播帧的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品 - Google Patents

广播帧的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2025020003A1
WO2025020003A1 PCT/CN2023/108735 CN2023108735W WO2025020003A1 WO 2025020003 A1 WO2025020003 A1 WO 2025020003A1 CN 2023108735 W CN2023108735 W CN 2023108735W WO 2025020003 A1 WO2025020003 A1 WO 2025020003A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
broadcast frame
frame
broadcast
zero
sent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2023/108735
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐伟杰
张晋瑜
崔胜江
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Original Assignee
Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd filed Critical Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2023/108735 priority Critical patent/WO2025020003A1/zh
Priority to CN202380100465.1A priority patent/CN121569548A/zh
Priority to KR1020267005286A priority patent/KR20260040087A/ko
Publication of WO2025020003A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025020003A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. Transmission Power Control [TPC] or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of zero power consumption, and in particular to a communication method, device, equipment, medium and program product for broadcast frames.
  • Network equipment in a Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) system or a cellular communication system sends broadcast frames to terminal devices, and the terminal devices perform time and frequency synchronization and system configuration based on the broadcast frames.
  • WiFi Wireless Fidelity
  • a cellular communication system sends broadcast frames to terminal devices, and the terminal devices perform time and frequency synchronization and system configuration based on the broadcast frames.
  • IoT devices perform time-frequency synchronization and system configuration by receiving broadcast frames sent by the above network devices. Since IoT devices can sleep and the above broadcast frames are sent periodically, when the interval between the wake-up time of the IoT device and the next broadcast frame sending time is large, the IoT device cannot complete synchronization in a short time, resulting in increased service latency and increased device power consumption.
  • the present application provides a communication method, apparatus, device, medium and program product for broadcast frames, and the technical solution at least includes:
  • a communication method for a broadcast frame is provided, the method being performed by a zero-power consumption device, the method comprising:
  • a first broadcast frame is received, where the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame sent at a time domain position different from a second broadcast frame that is periodically sent.
  • a communication method for a broadcast frame is provided, the method being performed by a network device, the method comprising:
  • a first broadcast frame is sent, where the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame sent at a time domain position different from a second broadcast frame that is periodically sent.
  • a communication device for broadcasting a frame comprising:
  • the receiving module is used to receive a first broadcast frame, where the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame sent at a time domain position different from a second broadcast frame sent periodically.
  • a communication device for broadcasting a frame comprising:
  • the sending module is used to send a first broadcast frame, where the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame sent at a time domain position different from a second broadcast frame that is periodically sent.
  • a zero-power consumption device includes:
  • transceiver coupled to the processor
  • a memory for storing executable instructions for the processor
  • the processor is configured to load and execute executable instructions to implement the communication method of broadcast frames as described in the above aspects.
  • a network device comprising:
  • transceiver coupled to the processor
  • a memory for storing executable instructions for the processor
  • the processor is configured to load and execute executable instructions to implement the communication method of broadcast frames as described in the above aspects.
  • a computer-readable storage medium in which at least one program is stored.
  • the at least one program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement a communication method for broadcast frames as described in the above aspects.
  • a computer program product or a computer program which includes computer instructions, the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium, a processor obtains the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions to implement a communication method for broadcast frames as described in the above aspects.
  • the first broadcast frame which is a broadcast frame sent at a time domain position different from the periodically sent second broadcast frame
  • the first broadcast frame which is a broadcast frame sent at a time domain position different from the periodically sent second broadcast frame
  • the time position of the first broadcast frame is close to the wake-up time of the zero-power device
  • it is used to help the zero-power device quickly complete time and frequency synchronization and obtain system information, thereby speeding up the communication process between the network device and the zero-power device, and reducing the waiting time for the zero-power device to receive the second broadcast frame, thereby reducing the power consumption of the zero-power device.
  • FIG1 shows a schematic diagram of a zero-power communication system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG2 shows a schematic diagram of radio frequency energy collection provided by the related art
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram showing a backscatter communication process provided by the related art
  • FIG4 shows a schematic diagram of resistance load modulation provided by the related art
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram showing an encoding method provided by the related art
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram showing a zero-power device searching for a beacon frame provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG7 shows a flow chart of a communication method for broadcast frames provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG8 shows a flow chart of a communication method for broadcast frames provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG9 shows a flow chart of a communication method for broadcast frames provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram showing a first broadcast frame and a second broadcast frame provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram showing a first broadcast frame and a second broadcast frame provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram showing a first broadcast frame and a second broadcast frame provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG13 is a flowchart showing a communication method for broadcast frames provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG14 is a schematic diagram showing a structural format of a beacon frame provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG15 is a schematic diagram showing a structural format of a beacon frame provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG16 is a flowchart showing a communication method for broadcast frames provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG17 is a flowchart showing a communication method for broadcast frames provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG18 is a block diagram of a communication device for broadcasting frames provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG19 shows a block diagram of a communication device for broadcasting frames provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application
  • FIG20 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a zero-power consumption device or a network device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • first, second, third, etc. may be used in the present disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other.
  • first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information.
  • word "if” as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of” or "when” or "in response to determining”.
  • GSM Global System of Mobile communication
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A Advanced long term evolution
  • NR New Radio
  • LTE-ba LTE on unlicensed spectrum
  • LTE-U sed access to unlicensed spectrum
  • NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum NR-U
  • NTN non-terrestrial networks
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • WiFi wireless fidelity
  • 5G fifth-generation communication
  • cellular Internet of Things system cellular passive Internet of Things system, and can also be applied to the subsequent evolution systems of 5G NR system, and can also be applied to 6G and subsequent evolution systems.
  • 5G may also be referred to as “5G NR” or "NR”.
  • the term "corresponding" may indicate a direct or indirect correspondence between the two, or an association between the two, or a relationship of indication and being indicated, configuration and being configured, etc.
  • pre-definition can be implemented by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in a device (for example, including a terminal device and a network device), and the present application does not limit the specific implementation method.
  • pre-definition can refer to what is defined in the protocol.
  • protocol may refer to a standard protocol in the communication field, for example, it may include an LTE protocol, an NR protocol, and related protocols used in future communication systems, and the present application does not limit this.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a zero-power communication system 100 provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the zero-power communication system 100 includes The network device 120 and the zero-power device 140 .
  • the network device 120 is used to send wireless power supply signals, downlink communication signals and receive backscatter signals from the zero-power device 140 to the zero-power device 140.
  • the zero-power device 140 is also called an ambient power enabled Internet of Things (Ambient IoT) device, which includes an energy collection module 141, a backscatter communication module 142 and a low-power computing module 143.
  • the energy collection module 141 can collect energy carried by radio waves in space to drive the low-power computing module 143 of the zero-power device 140 and realize backscatter communication.
  • the zero-power device 140 After the zero-power device 140 obtains energy, it can receive the control signaling of the network device 120 and send data to the network device 120 based on the backscattering method according to the control signaling.
  • the sent data can come from the data stored in the zero-power device 140 itself (such as identity identification or pre-written information, such as the production date, brand, manufacturer, etc. of the product).
  • the zero-power device 140 may also include a sensor module 144 and a memory 145.
  • the sensor module 144 may include various sensors, and the zero-power device 140 may report data collected by various sensors based on a zero-power mechanism.
  • the memory 145 is used to store some basic information (such as item identification, etc.) or obtain sensor data such as ambient temperature and ambient humidity.
  • the zero-power device 140 itself does not require a battery, and the low-power computing module 143 can perform simple signal demodulation, decoding or encoding, modulation and other simple computing tasks. Therefore, the zero-power module only requires a very simple hardware design, making the zero-power device 140 very low in cost and small in size.
  • the network equipment 120 includes but is not limited to: cellular network equipment, such as 5G/6G network equipment, base station equipment; WiFi/WLAN network equipment, such as access points (AP), routers, mobile access points, etc., and the mobile access point is, for example, a mobile phone.
  • cellular network equipment such as 5G/6G network equipment, base station equipment
  • WiFi/WLAN network equipment such as access points (AP), routers, mobile access points, etc.
  • AP access points
  • mobile access point is, for example, a mobile phone.
  • Zero-power devices 140 include but are not limited to: handheld devices, wearable devices, vehicle-mounted devices and Internet of Things devices, etc.
  • Zero-power devices 140 can be at least one of mobile phones, tablet computers, e-book readers, laptop computers, desktop computers, televisions, game consoles, augmented reality (AR) terminals, virtual reality (VR) terminals and mixed reality (MR) terminals, wearable devices, handles, electronic tags and controllers, etc.
  • AR augmented reality
  • VR virtual reality
  • MR mixed reality
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of RF energy harvesting provided by related technologies.
  • RF energy harvesting is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. It uses the RF module RF to collect electromagnetic wave energy in space through electromagnetic induction and connects with the capacitor C and load resistor RL in parallel to obtain the energy required to drive the zero-power device, such as: driving low-power demodulation modules, modulation modules, sensors and memory reading. Therefore, zero-power devices do not require traditional batteries.
  • FIG3 shows a schematic diagram of the backscatter communication process provided by the related art.
  • the zero-power device 140 receives the wireless signal carrier 131 sent by the transmitting module (Transmit, TX) 121 of the network device 120 using the amplifier (AMPlifier, AMP) 122, modulates the wireless signal carrier 131, uses the logic processing module 147 to load the information to be sent, and uses the energy collection module 141 to collect radio frequency energy.
  • the zero-power device 140 uses the antenna 146 to radiate the modulated reflected signal 132. This information transmission process is called backscatter communication.
  • the receiving module (Receive, RX) 123 of the network device 120 uses the low noise amplifier (Low Noise Amplifier, LNA) 124 to receive the modulated reflected signal 132.
  • LNA Low Noise Amplifier
  • Load modulation adjusts and controls the circuit parameters of the oscillation circuit of the zero-power device 140 according to the beat of the data stream, so that the parameters such as the size of the electronic tag impedance change accordingly, and the modulation process is completed.
  • Load modulation technology mainly includes resistance load modulation and capacitance load modulation.
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of resistance load modulation provided by related technology.
  • the load resistor RL is connected in parallel with the third resistor R3 , and the switch S based on binary coding control is turned on or off. The on and off of the third resistor R3 will cause the voltage on the circuit to change.
  • the load resistor RL maintains a parallel connection relationship with the first capacitor C1
  • the load resistor RL maintains a series connection relationship with the second resistor R2
  • the second resistor R2 maintains a series connection relationship with the first inductor L1 .
  • the first inductor L1 is coupled with the second inductor L2 , and the second inductor L2 maintains a series connection relationship with the second capacitor C2 .
  • Amplitude shift keying (ASK) can be realized, that is, the modulation and transmission of the signal is realized by adjusting the amplitude of the backscattered signal of the zero-power device.
  • the resonant frequency of the circuit can be changed by switching the capacitor on and off, realizing frequency shift keying (FSK), that is, the modulation and transmission of the signal is achieved by adjusting the operating frequency of the backscattered signal of the zero-power device.
  • FSK frequency shift keying
  • Zero-power devices use load modulation to modulate the incoming signal and realize the backscatter communication process.
  • Zero-power devices have significant advantages: they do not actively transmit signals, so they do not require complex RF links, such as power amplifiers (PA), RF filters, etc.; they do not need to actively generate high-frequency signals, so they do not require high-frequency crystal oscillators; with backscatter communication, signal transmission does not consume the energy of the zero-power device itself.
  • PA power amplifiers
  • Zero-power devices can also use ultra-low-power active transmission technology. Unlike backscattering, when zero-power devices use ultra-low-power active transmission technology for data transmission, they need to use a relatively simple and low-power oscillator to generate a radio frequency carrier, and then modulate the information to be sent onto the radio frequency carrier. Based on current research, the power consumption of ultra-low-power active transmitters can be as low as hundreds of microwatts, so ultra-low-power data transmission can be achieved.
  • FIG5 shows a schematic diagram of the encoding method provided by the related art.
  • the data transmitted by the electronic tag can use different forms of codes to represent binary "1" and "0".
  • the wireless radio frequency identification system usually uses one of the following encoding methods: Not Return to Zero (NRZ) encoding, Manchester encoding, Unipolar Return to Zero (URZ) encoding, Differential Binary Phase (DBP) encoding, Miller encoding and differential encoding. That is, different pulse signals can be used to represent 0 and 1.
  • NRZ Not Return to Zero
  • URZ Unipolar Return to Zero
  • DBP Differential Binary Phase
  • Non-return-to-zero encoding uses a high level to represent a binary "1" and a low level to represent a binary "0".
  • the NRZ encoding in Figure 5 shows a level diagram of encoding binary data: 101100101001011 using the NRZ method.
  • Manchester coding is also called Split-Phase Coding.
  • Manchester coding the binary value is represented by the change of the level (rising or falling) in half a bit period within the bit length.
  • the negative jump in half a bit period represents the binary "1”
  • the positive jump in half a bit period represents the binary "0”.
  • the error of data transmission refers to the fact that when the data bits sent by multiple electronic tags at the same time have different values, the received rising and falling edges cancel each other, resulting in an uninterrupted carrier signal in the entire bit length.
  • Manchester coding cannot have a state without change within the bit length. The reader can use this error to determine the specific location where the collision occurred.
  • Manchester coding is conducive to discovering data transmission errors. When using carrier load modulation or backscatter modulation, it is usually used for data transmission from electronic tags to readers.
  • Manchester coding shows a schematic diagram of the level of binary data: 101100101001011 encoded using the Manchester method.
  • DBP coding Differential bi-phase coding: Any edge in half a bit period represents binary "0", and no edge represents binary "1". In addition, the level is inverted at the beginning of each bit period. For the receiver, the bit beat is relatively easy to reconstruct.
  • the DBP coding in Figure 5 shows the level diagram of binary data: 101100101001011 encoded using the DBP method.
  • Miller coding represents binary "1" at any edge within half a bit period, and the unchanged level in the next bit period represents binary "0". The level change occurs at the beginning of the bit period, and the bit beat is easier to reconstruct for the receiver.
  • Miller coding in Figure 5 shows the level diagram of using the Miller method to encode binary data: 101100101001011.
  • each binary "1" to be transmitted causes a change in the signal level, while for binary "0", the signal level remains unchanged.
  • zero-power devices Based on the energy source and usage of zero-power devices, zero-power devices can be divided into the following types:
  • Zero-power devices do not need built-in batteries.
  • the zero-power device When the zero-power device approaches the network device, the zero-power device is within the near field formed by the radiation of the network device antenna.
  • the network device is a reader/writer of the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system. Therefore, the antenna of the zero-power device generates an induced current through electromagnetic induction, and the induced current drives the low-power chip circuit of the zero-power device. It realizes the demodulation of the forward link signal and the modulation of the backward link signal.
  • the zero-power device can use backscatter or extremely low-power active transmission to transmit the signal.
  • Passive zero-power devices do not need built-in batteries to drive either the forward link or the reverse link, and are truly zero-power devices. Passive zero-power devices do not require batteries, and the RF circuit and baseband circuit are very simple. For example, they do not require devices such as LNA, PA, crystal oscillator, analog to digital converter (ADC), etc. They have many advantages such as small size, light weight, very low price, and long service life.
  • Semi-passive zero-power devices do not have conventional batteries installed on them. They can use radio frequency energy harvesting modules to harvest radio wave energy and store the harvested energy in an energy storage unit.
  • the energy storage unit is a capacitor. After the energy storage unit obtains energy, it can drive the low-power chip circuit of the zero-power device. It can realize the demodulation of the forward link signal and the modulation of the backward link signal.
  • the zero-power device can use backscatter or extremely low-power active transmission to transmit signals.
  • Semi-passive zero-power devices do not require built-in batteries to drive either the forward link or the reverse link.
  • the energy stored in the capacitor used in the work comes from the radio energy collected by the RF energy harvesting module. It is a truly zero-power device.
  • Semi-passive zero-power devices inherit many advantages of passive zero-power devices, such as small size, light weight, very cheap price, long service life, etc.
  • the zero-power devices used in some scenarios can also be active zero-power devices, which can have built-in batteries.
  • the battery is used to drive the low-power chip circuit of the zero-power device. It realizes the demodulation of the forward link signal and the signal modulation of the reverse link.
  • the zero-power device can use backscatter or extremely low-power active transmission to transmit the signal. Therefore, the zero power consumption of the active zero-power device is mainly reflected in the fact that the signal transmission of the reverse link does not need to consume the power of the zero-power device itself, but uses the backscattering method.
  • the built-in battery powers the RFID chip, increases the reading and writing distance of the tag, and improves the reliability of communication. Therefore It is applied in some scenarios with relatively high requirements on communication distance, reading delay, etc.
  • This type of zero-power device uses the above-mentioned backscattering method for uplink data transmission.
  • This type of zero-power device does not have an active transmitter for active transmission, but only has a backscattering transmitter. Therefore, when this type of zero-power device sends uplink data, the network device needs to provide a carrier, and this type of zero-power device performs backscattering based on the carrier to achieve uplink data transmission.
  • This type of zero-power device uses an active transmitter with active transmission capability for uplink data transmission. Therefore, when sending uplink data, this type of zero-power device can use its own active transmitter to send uplink data without the need for network equipment to provide a carrier.
  • Active transmitters suitable for zero-power devices can be, for example, ultra-low power ASK transmitters, ultra-low power FSK transmitters, etc. Based on current implementations, when transmitting a 100 microwatt signal, the overall power consumption of this type of transmitter can be reduced to 400 to 600 microwatts.
  • Zero-power device can support both backscatter and active transmitters. Zero-power devices can determine whether to use backscatter or active transmitters for active transmission based on different situations (such as different power levels, different available environmental energy levels), or based on the scheduling of network devices.
  • NB-IoT NarrowBand-Internet of Things
  • MTC Machine-Type Communications
  • RedCap RedCap
  • Some IoT scenarios may face extreme environments such as high temperature, extremely low temperature, high humidity, high voltage, high radiation or high-speed movement. Such as ultra-high voltage substations, high-speed train track monitoring, high-cold area environmental monitoring, industrial production lines, etc.
  • extreme working environments are not conducive to the maintenance of IoT terminal devices, such as battery replacement.
  • IoT communication scenarios such as food traceability, commodity circulation, and smart wearables
  • terminals require terminals to be extremely small in size to facilitate use in these scenarios.
  • IoT terminal devices used for commodity management in the circulation link usually use electronic tags, which are embedded in the commodity packaging in a very small form.
  • lightweight wearable IoT terminal devices can meet user needs while improving user experience.
  • IoT communication scenarios require that the cost of IoT terminal devices is low enough to enhance the competitiveness of other alternative technologies.
  • IoT terminal devices can be attached to each item, so that the entire process and cycle of logistics can be accurately managed through the communication between the IoT terminal device and the logistics network.
  • These scenarios require that the price of IoT terminal devices is sufficiently competitive.
  • cellular IoT also needs to develop ultra-low-cost, extremely small size, battery-free/maintenance-free IoT, and zero-power IoT can just meet these needs.
  • Ambient IoT devices refer to IoT devices that use various environmental energies, such as wireless radio frequency energy, light energy, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, and other environmental energies to drive themselves. This type of device may have no energy storage capacity, or it may have very limited energy storage capacity (such as using capacitors with a capacity of tens of microfarads). Compared with existing IoT devices, Ambient IoT devices have many advantages such as no conventional battery, no maintenance, small size, low complexity and low cost, and long life cycle.
  • Zero-power IoT can be used in at least four scenarios:
  • Object recognition such as logistics, production line product management, and supply chain management
  • Positioning such as indoor positioning, intelligent object search, and production line item positioning
  • Intelligent control such as intelligent control of various electrical appliances in smart homes (turning on and off air conditioners, adjusting temperature) and intelligent control of various facilities in agricultural greenhouses (automatic irrigation and fertilization).
  • Ambient IoT devices do not require batteries, and the RF circuit and baseband circuit are very simple. For example, they do not require LNA, PA, crystal oscillator, ADC and other devices. Therefore, they have many advantages such as small size, light weight, very cheap price, long service life, and maintenance-free.
  • Ambient IoT devices may be used in the following two scenarios:
  • Ambient IoT devices can be attached to personal items such as passports and ID cards. When people find that they cannot find these items, they can use a router or smartphone to send wireless signals to the Ambient IoT devices attached to personal items (for example, if an item search application is installed on the phone, the item search function can be turned on through the application). The Ambient IoT devices will start working after collecting enough energy.
  • the router or smartphone can deploy a WiFi network, and the Ambient IoT device quickly accesses the WiFi network and communicates with the WiFi network, so that the router or smartphone obtains the identity and/or location information of the Ambient IoT device.
  • the function of finding items can be realized.
  • Ambient IoT devices can be attached to item packaging or containers.
  • the logistics station needs to conduct a quick inventory of incoming goods.
  • a quick inventory of outgoing goods is also required when leaving the warehouse.
  • a router or smartphone When entering or leaving the warehouse (the approach of the logistics vehicle can be detected through third-party technologies such as infrared or ultrasonic waves), a router or smartphone can be used to send wireless signals to the Ambient IoT device on the logistics items.
  • the Ambient IoT device starts working after collecting enough energy.
  • the router or smartphone can deploy a WiFi network, and the Ambient IoT device quickly accesses the WiFi network and communicates with the WiFi network, so that the router or smartphone obtains the identity information of the Ambient IoT device. With the help of this process, the rapid identification and inventory function of the items can be realized.
  • Ambient IoT devices receive wireless signals sent by the network when they are in an unpowered state, thereby switching to a working state. How to quickly synchronize with the network and quickly obtain network configuration information in such a process is an urgent problem to be solved.
  • network devices send beacon frames, and zero-power devices synchronize with the network based on the beacon frames and read the system information they carry (such as network capabilities, system configuration parameters, etc.).
  • beacon frames 610 are periodically sent according to a period T.
  • the zero-power device enters the working state and starts searching for the first beacon frame 610 received after being awakened.
  • beacon frames are generally sent periodically. If the beacon frame sending period is too long, it will take too long for the Ambient IoT device to synchronize with the network and obtain system information. This will increase service latency on the one hand, and increase the time it takes the Ambient IoT device to search for beacon frames on the other hand, thereby increasing the power consumption of the Ambient IoT device. However, if the beacon frame sending period is too short, too many beacon frames will lead to greater system overhead.
  • FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of a communication method for broadcast frames provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the method is performed by a zero-power device 140 and a network device 120.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 710 The zero-power device 140 receives a first broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame sent at a different time domain position than the periodically sent second broadcast frame. It can also be understood that the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame sent supplementally or additionally at a different time domain position than the periodically sent second broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent between periodically sent second broadcast frames; and/or, the first broadcast frame is sent before the first second broadcast frame; and/or, the first broadcast frame is sent after the last second broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent at a first time domain position
  • the periodic second broadcast frame is sent at a second time domain position
  • the first time domain position is different from the second time domain position
  • the network device 120 sends the first broadcast frame aperiodically or periodically.
  • the first broadcast frame is used for the zero-power device 140 to perform at least one of time-frequency synchronization with the wireless network, obtain system information, obtain power supply energy, and obtain scheduling information.
  • Time-frequency synchronization includes at least one of time domain synchronization and frequency domain synchronization.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent in a specified search space, which may be a dedicated setting for zero-power devices.
  • the zero-power device listens for the first broadcast frame in the specified search space.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent in a specified resource pool, which may be a dedicated setting for zero-power devices.
  • the wireless network is a WiFi/WLAN network
  • the first broadcast frame is a first beacon frame, which is used for at least one of the following functions: the zero-power device 140 performs time and frequency synchronization with the wireless network, obtains system information, obtains power supply energy, and obtains scheduling information.
  • the wireless network is a cellular communication network
  • the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame for carrying synchronization signals and/or system information.
  • the broadcast frame for carrying synchronization signals and/or system information may be called differently in different cellular communication networks, for example, in the 5G system it is called a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel block (SSB), and in the fourth generation (4th-Generation, 4G) system it is called a physical broadcast channel (PBCH).
  • SSB synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel block
  • 4G fourth generation
  • PBCH physical broadcast channel
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit this name, and the first broadcast frame is used as an example for explanation.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent by the network device 120 in the presence of a trigger event.
  • the trigger event is used to indicate that the zero-power device 140 has a need to obtain at least one of a synchronization signal and system information.
  • the trigger event includes at least one of a logistics vehicle arrival event in a logistics scenario and a warehouse inventory event in a warehousing scenario.
  • the network device 120 senses (for example, by acoustic sensing, motion sensing, etc.) the arrival of the logistics vehicle.
  • the network device 120 starts the inventory process of the items on the logistics vehicle (zero-power device 140).
  • the zero-power device 140 has There is a need to acquire at least one of a synchronization signal and system information.
  • the items in the warehouse when an inventory of items in the warehouse is required, the items in the warehouse (zero-power consumption devices 140 ) have a need to obtain at least one of a synchronization signal and system information.
  • the zero-power device 140 receives the wireless signal sent by the network device 120, collects energy from the wireless signal to obtain energy, and then switches to the working state. In this case, the zero-power device 140 needs to find the wireless network provided by the network device 120, establish time-frequency synchronization with the wireless network, and then obtain system information. Schematically, the zero-power device 140 quickly completes time-frequency synchronization and obtains system information by receiving the first broadcast frame with a relatively close time position, thereby quickly entering the working state.
  • At least one first broadcast frame is transmitted within the first time window. At least one first broadcast frame also carries indication information of the first time window. When there are multiple first broadcast frames within the first time window, all or part of the multiple first broadcast frames carry indication information of the first time window.
  • the first time window is expressed in the form of: window start point + window length.
  • the first time domain position and the remaining time occupied by the first broadcast frame represent the length of the first time window. That is, the remaining time of the first time window may be carried in all or part of the first broadcast frames. For example, the remaining time is carried in each first broadcast frame except the last first broadcast frame.
  • the remaining time carried by a first broadcast frame is 1000 milliseconds, which is used to indicate that the remaining time of the first time window is 1000 milliseconds starting from the time domain position of the first broadcast frame.
  • the current first broadcast frame carries indication information of the time domain position of the next first broadcast frame. If the indication information exists, it means that the first time window has not yet ended and indicates the time domain position of the next first broadcast frame; if the indication information does not exist, it means that the first time window ends after the time domain position of the first broadcast frame.
  • the method provided in this embodiment receives a first broadcast frame, which is a broadcast frame sent at a time domain position different from a second broadcast frame sent periodically, to help zero-power devices complete time and frequency synchronization and obtain system information, thereby increasing the transmission opportunities of broadcast frames, reducing the time to complete time and frequency synchronization, speeding up the communication process between network devices and zero-power devices, and reducing the waiting time for zero-power devices to receive broadcast frames, thereby reducing the power consumption of zero-power devices.
  • a first broadcast frame which is a broadcast frame sent at a time domain position different from a second broadcast frame sent periodically
  • FIG8 shows a flow chart of a communication method for broadcast frames provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
  • the method is performed by the zero-power device 140 and the network device 120.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 810 The zero-power consumption device 140 receives a second broadcast frame.
  • the network device 120 periodically sends the second broadcast frame.
  • the zero-power device 140 periodically receives the second broadcast frame.
  • the second broadcast frame is used for the zero-power device 140 to perform at least one of time-frequency synchronization with the wireless network, obtaining system information, obtaining power supply energy, and obtaining scheduling information.
  • Time-frequency synchronization includes at least one of time domain synchronization and frequency domain synchronization.
  • the wireless network is a WiFi/WLAN network
  • the second broadcast frame is a second beacon frame, which is used for the zero-power device 140 to periodically perform time and frequency synchronization with the wireless network, obtain system information, obtain power supply energy, and obtain scheduling information.
  • the wireless network includes a cellular communication network
  • the second broadcast frame is a frame for carrying synchronization signals and system information. Since the cellular communication network includes multiple generations of networks that are constantly evolving, the information structure for carrying synchronization signals and system information may be called differently in different cellular communication networks, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this name.
  • Step 820 The zero-power device 140 receives the first broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame sent at a different time domain position than the periodically sent second broadcast frame. It can also be understood that the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame sent supplementally or additionally at a different time domain position than the periodically sent second broadcast frame.
  • the network device 120 sends the first broadcast frame aperiodically or sends the first broadcast frame periodically.
  • step 820 and step 810 are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • step 820 refer to step 710 of the embodiment of Figure 7, which will not be repeated here.
  • Step 830 Based on at least one of the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame, the zero-power device 140 completes at least one function of performing time and frequency synchronization with the wireless network, obtaining system information, obtaining power supply energy, and obtaining scheduling information.
  • the scheduling information includes scheduling information of random access resources.
  • time and frequency synchronization is performed through the synchronization signal in the first broadcast frame, system information is obtained through the system information carried by the first broadcast frame, power supply energy is obtained through the wireless energy carried by the first broadcast frame, and scheduling information is obtained through the scheduling information carried by the first broadcast frame.
  • time and frequency synchronization is performed through the synchronization signal in the second broadcast frame, system information is obtained through the system information carried by the second broadcast frame, power supply energy is obtained through the wireless energy carried by the second broadcast frame, and scheduling information is obtained through the scheduling information carried by the second broadcast frame.
  • some functions are completed based on the first broadcast frame, and the remaining functions are completed based on the second broadcast frame.
  • time-frequency synchronization is performed through the synchronization signal in the first broadcast frame
  • system information is obtained through the system information carried by the first broadcast frame
  • power supply energy is obtained through the wireless energy carried by the first broadcast frame
  • modulation energy is obtained through the modulation energy carried by the second broadcast frame.
  • some functions are completed based on the second broadcast frame, and the remaining functions are completed based on the first broadcast frame. For example, time-frequency synchronization is performed through the synchronization signal in the second broadcast frame, system information is obtained through the system information carried by the second broadcast frame, power supply energy is obtained through the wireless energy carried by the second broadcast frame, and scheduling information is obtained through the scheduling information carried by the first broadcast frame.
  • some functions are part of the above-mentioned time and frequency synchronization, obtaining system information, obtaining power supply energy, and obtaining scheduling information, and the remaining functions are all or part of the functions remaining except some functions in the above-mentioned functions.
  • the zero-power consumption device may also use at least three broadcast frames to complete the above functions, which is not limited.
  • the number of first broadcast frames and/or second broadcast frames included in the at least three broadcast frames is not limited.
  • the method provided in this embodiment receives a first broadcast frame, which is a broadcast frame sent at a time domain position different from a second broadcast frame sent periodically, to help zero-power devices complete time and frequency synchronization and obtain system information, thereby increasing the transmission opportunities of broadcast frames, reducing the time to complete time and frequency synchronization, speeding up the communication process between network devices and zero-power devices, and reducing the waiting time for zero-power devices to receive broadcast frames, thereby reducing the power consumption of zero-power devices.
  • a first broadcast frame which is a broadcast frame sent at a time domain position different from a second broadcast frame sent periodically
  • the method provided in this embodiment also periodically completes time-frequency synchronization and updates system information by receiving a second broadcast frame sent periodically, thereby maintaining the stability of the zero-power consumption device.
  • FIG9 shows a flow chart of a communication method for broadcast frames provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the method being executed by a zero-power consumption device, and the method comprising:
  • Step 910 Receive a first broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent between periodically sent second broadcast frames, and/or is sent before the first second broadcast frame, and/or is sent after the last second broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame sent at a different time domain position than the periodically sent second broadcast frame. It can also be understood that the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame sent supplementally or additionally at a different time domain position than the periodically sent second broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is a first beacon frame
  • the first beacon frame is used for the zero-power device to quickly establish time and frequency synchronization with the network and obtain system information.
  • the first broadcast frame is system broadcast information
  • the system broadcast information is used to broadcast synchronization signals and system information, such as SSB in a 5G system.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent by a network device, and the network device is a device in a WiFi system and/or a device in a cellular communication system (or mobile communication system).
  • a first broadcast frame is received, and a second broadcast frame is received.
  • the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame supplemented or additionally sent by the network device, and is sent aperiodically or periodically by the network device; the second broadcast frame is a broadcast frame periodically sent by the network device.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent in a specified search space, which may be a dedicated setting for zero-power devices.
  • the zero-power device listens for the first broadcast frame in the specified search space.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent in a specified resource pool, which may be a dedicated setting for zero-power devices.
  • the second broadcast frame is a second beacon frame or system broadcast information.
  • the second beacon frame is used for the zero-power device to periodically establish time and frequency synchronization with the network and obtain system information. Exemplarily, the period is 100 milliseconds.
  • the second beacon frame is a beacon frame sent periodically and can carry information such as capability information (Capability Information) and service set identifier (Service Set IDentifier, SSID).
  • capability information Capability Information
  • service set identifier Service Set IDentifier
  • the second beacon frame includes a preamble portion and a data portion, wherein the preamble portion is used to indicate the start of data transmission and to help the receiving device (zero-power device) determine the valid data portion.
  • the preamble portion includes a set of specific signals for synchronizing the clocks between the receiving device (zero-power device) and the sending device (network device).
  • the network device configures at least one of the sending position, the number of sending times, the length of the time window for sending, and the sending position of the next second broadcast frame of the first broadcast frame.
  • the zero-power device receives at least one of the sending position, the number of sending times, the length of the time window for sending, and the sending position of the next second broadcast frame of the first broadcast frame.
  • the sending position of the next second broadcast frame can be an absolute time position or an offset position relative to the current first broadcast frame.
  • the network device sends at least one first broadcast frame.
  • the network device When the signal strength is greater than a first threshold, the network device sends a first broadcast frame. For example, when the network device is near a router, a first broadcast frame can help the zero-power device complete time-frequency synchronization and obtain all system information.
  • the first threshold is preset by a person skilled in the art.
  • the network device When the signal strength is less than the second threshold, the network device sends multiple first broadcast frames. For example, when it is far away from the router, multiple first broadcast frames are needed to help the zero-power device complete time and frequency synchronization and obtain all system information.
  • the second threshold is pre-set by technical personnel in this field.
  • the signal strength may be the signal strength when the zero-power device sends a signal and/or data to the network device. is greater than or equal to a second threshold.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent periodically; or, the first broadcast frame is sent non-periodically.
  • the non-periodic transmission method includes at least one of the following:
  • the continuous sending mode indicates that the first broadcast frame is sent n times one after another, and there is no sending interval during the sending process, and n is an integer greater than 1;
  • the discontinuous sending mode indicates a sending mode in which there is a sending interval during the sending process of the first broadcast frame, and the sending interval may be periodic or non-periodic;
  • the burst sending mode indicates a sending mode in which the first broadcast frame is sent at any time.
  • the sending interval between two transmissions is usually longer and more random.
  • the first broadcast frame is the first beacon frame 1010
  • the second broadcast frame is the second beacon frame 1020.
  • the network device periodically sends the second beacon frame 1020 according to the period T, and non-periodically sends a total of 4 first beacon frames 1010 between the first second beacon frame 1020 and the second second beacon frame 1020, among which the first 3 first beacon frames 1010 are continuously sent, and the fourth first beacon frame 1010 is discontinuously sent.
  • the first broadcast frame is the first beacon frame 1110
  • the second broadcast frame is the second beacon frame 1120.
  • the network device periodically sends the second beacon frame 1120 and uses a burst sending method before the first second beacon frame 1120.
  • a total of 4 first beacon frames 1110 are sent, among which the first 3 first beacon frames 1110 are sent continuously, and the fourth first beacon frame 1110 is sent discontinuously.
  • the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame have the same structure.
  • the first broadcast frame is the first beacon frame
  • the second broadcast frame is the second beacon frame.
  • the first beacon frame and the second beacon frame have the same structure: the preamble part is in front and the data part is in the back.
  • the two have the same preamble part, the same key parameters of the data part length and code rate, carry the same type of configuration information, most of the parameters have the same values, and a small part of the parameters have different values, for example, the timestamp information will change with the time position of the two beacon frames.
  • the preamble part includes: Legacy Short Training Field (L-STF), Legacy Long Training Field (L-LTF), and Legacy Signal (L-SIG) fields.
  • L-STF contains a specified and unique waveform, which is easily detected by the receiving device (zero-power device).
  • the functions of L-STF include at least one of the following: packet detection, automatic gain control (AGC), initial frequency offset estimation, and initial time synchronization.
  • L-LTF also contains a specified and unique waveform, but it is not exactly the same as L-STF.
  • the functions of L-LTF include at least one of the following: channel estimation, more accurate frequency offset estimation, and more accurate time synchronization.
  • the L-SIG field includes information such as the transmit rate, coding scheme, guard interval, and length, which are used to calculate the duration of data packets.
  • the structures of the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame are different.
  • the structures of the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame are different, including at least one of the following:
  • the preamble codes used by the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame are different;
  • the information type of the data portion of the first broadcast frame is smaller than the information type of the data portion of the second broadcast frame, or the information type of the data portion of the first broadcast frame is larger than the information type of the data portion of the second broadcast frame;
  • the code rate of the data portion of the first broadcast frame is lower than the code rate of the data portion of the second broadcast frame.
  • first broadcast frame Take the first broadcast frame as the first beacon frame and the second broadcast frame as the second beacon frame as an example:
  • the designs of (1) and (2) can provide different synchronization performances. For example, if the preamble sequence length of the first beacon frame is longer than that of the second beacon frame, it can contain more synchronization signals, thereby improving the probability and accuracy of the zero-power device identifying the data part, thereby providing better synchronization performance.
  • the design of (3) when the information type of the data part of the first beacon frame is smaller than the information type of the data part of the second beacon frame, for example, only including the timestamp, the period of the second beacon frame and other information, key information can be quickly transmitted to the zero-power device, and the smaller data part can also improve the reception probability of the zero-power device.
  • the system information can be directly transmitted to the zero-power device to help the zero-power device establish time-frequency synchronization.
  • the period of the second broadcast frame is associated with a partial configuration.
  • the second beacon frame may carry a Traffic Indication Map (TIM) indication to send information to the zero-power device whether there is downlink data to be transmitted.
  • TIM Traffic Indication Map
  • the period of the TIM is an integer multiple of the period of the second beacon frame.
  • Each beacon frame contains a TIM, which contains a bitmap control field. Each bit maps a zero-power device. When it is 1, it means that the zero-power device corresponding to the bit has downlink data cached in the network device.
  • the configuration of the restricted access window may be indicated in the second beacon frame.
  • the zero-power device transmits data with the network device, and RAW is configured after the second beacon frame.
  • the key idea of RAW is to limit the set of sites that can access the channel and spread their access attempts over a longer period of time, thereby reducing interference and improving the reliability and efficiency of communication.
  • the zero-power device when the network device sends both the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame, the zero-power device needs to distinguish between the two because:
  • the zero-power device needs to periodically maintain the time-frequency synchronization based on the second broadcast frame. Therefore, the position of the second broadcast frame needs to be determined.
  • the second broadcast frame can send new system information at any time, such as RAW configuration.
  • the zero-power device also needs to obtain new system information based on the second broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame are distinguished by at least one of the following methods:
  • SIGnal Information SIG domain.
  • the frame control field (FC) of the beacon media access control (MAC) header is used for type indication, and the FC includes fields such as a frame type field and a subtype field, wherein the frame type field specifies the type of the data frame, and the subtype field specifies a more specific data frame subtype;
  • the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame use different preamble sequence designs to distinguish the two;
  • the SIG field (i.e., L-SIG field) in the preamble is used for indication, and the SIG field includes information about the channel state, such as signal-to-noise ratio, rate, frequency, etc.
  • the zero-power device can identify the channel state by decoding and analyzing the signal parameters in the SIG field, thereby adjusting the transmission rate.
  • the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame use different bit values in the SIG field, which can also distinguish the first broadcast frame from the second broadcast frame.
  • the zero-power device may first search for the first broadcast frame or the second broadcast frame.
  • the zero-power device completes time-frequency synchronization and obtains system information based on either of the two.
  • the first broadcast frame carries time domain position information of the next second broadcast frame, and the time domain position information may be an absolute time position or an offset position relative to the current first broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is a first beacon frame 1210
  • the second broadcast frame is a second beacon frame 1220.
  • the network device periodically sends the second beacon frame 1220, and non-periodically sends a total of four first beacon frames 1210 between the first second beacon frame 1220 and the second second beacon frame 1220.
  • Each first beacon frame 1210 carries the time domain position information of the next second beacon frame 1220.
  • the first first beacon frame 1210 carries the time domain position information of the next second beacon frame 1220 (i.e., the second second beacon frame 1220), which is the time domain position T2 thereafter;
  • the fourth first beacon frame 1210 carries the time domain position information of the next second beacon frame 1220 (i.e., the second second beacon frame 1220), which is the time domain position T1 thereafter.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent by the network device in the presence of a triggering event.
  • the network device triggers the transmission of the first broadcast frame according to a triggering event, that is, when the zero-power device has a need to complete time-frequency synchronization and obtain system information, such as in an event of searching for an item, when the event of searching for an item is triggered, the network device can send radio waves to power the zero-power device, and send the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame to the zero-power device.
  • a triggering event that is, when the zero-power device has a need to complete time-frequency synchronization and obtain system information, such as in an event of searching for an item, when the event of searching for an item is triggered
  • the network device can send radio waves to power the zero-power device, and send the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame to the zero-power device.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent first, and then the second broadcast frame is sent; or the first broadcast frame is sent between the second broadcast frames sent periodically.
  • the triggering event includes at least one of the following:
  • the network device senses (for example, through sound wave sensing, motion sensing, etc.) the arrival of a logistics vehicle.
  • the network device starts an inventory process of the items on the logistics vehicle (zero-power devices).
  • the network device can send radio waves to power the zero-power device, and send a first broadcast frame and a second broadcast frame to the zero-power device.
  • the network device can send radio waves to power the zero-power devices and send a first broadcast frame and a second broadcast frame to the zero-power devices.
  • a sufficient number of broadcast frames can be quickly sent to the zero-power device at the moment the process of searching for items and warehouse inventory is started, so that the zero-power device can quickly complete time and frequency synchronization and obtain system information, thereby speeding up the above-mentioned search for items and warehouse inventory.
  • At least one first broadcast frame is transmitted within the first time window. At least one first broadcast frame also carries indication information of the first time window. When there are multiple first broadcast frames within the first time window, all or part of the multiple first broadcast frames carry indication information of the first time window.
  • the first time window is expressed in the form of: window start point + window length.
  • the first time domain position and the remaining time occupied by the first broadcast frame represent the length of the first time window. That is, the remaining time of the first time window can be carried in all or part of the first broadcast frame. For example, in each first broadcast frame except the last one, The remaining time is carried in a first broadcast frame. The remaining time carried in a first broadcast frame is 1000 milliseconds, which is used to indicate that the remaining time of the first time window starting from the time domain position of the first broadcast frame is 1000 milliseconds.
  • the current first broadcast frame carries indication information of the time domain position of the next first broadcast frame. If the indication information exists, it means that the first time window has not yet ended and indicates the time domain position of the next first broadcast frame; if the indication information does not exist, it means that the first time window ends after the time domain position of the first broadcast frame.
  • the method provided in this embodiment receives a first broadcast frame, which is a broadcast frame sent at a time domain position different from a second broadcast frame sent periodically, to help zero-power devices complete time and frequency synchronization and obtain system information, thereby increasing the transmission opportunities of broadcast frames, reducing the time to complete time and frequency synchronization, speeding up the communication process between network devices and zero-power devices, and reducing the waiting time for zero-power devices to receive broadcast frames, thereby reducing the power consumption of zero-power devices.
  • a first broadcast frame which is a broadcast frame sent at a time domain position different from a second broadcast frame sent periodically
  • the method provided in this embodiment also periodically completes time-frequency synchronization and updates system information by receiving the second broadcast frame, thereby maintaining the stability of the zero-power consumption device.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also provides better synchronization performance by designing the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame into different structures.
  • the preamble code sequence length of the first beacon frame is longer than the preamble code sequence length of the second beacon frame, or the code rate of the data part of the first beacon frame is lower than the code rate of the data part of the second beacon frame, thereby improving the probability of zero-power consumption devices successfully receiving beacon frames.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also meets the demand for zero-power consumption devices in different scenarios by triggering the sending of the first broadcast frame according to an actual event, thereby improving the versatility of the zero-power consumption devices.
  • the first broadcast frame is a first beacon frame
  • the second broadcast frame is a second beacon frame
  • the first broadcast frame is a first system information frame
  • the second broadcast frame is a second system information frame
  • FIG. 13 shows a flow chart of a communication method for broadcast frames provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the method being executed by a zero-power consumption device, and the method comprising:
  • Step 1310 Receive a first beacon frame.
  • the first beacon frame is used for the zero-power device to quickly establish time and frequency synchronization with the network and obtain system information.
  • the first beacon frame is a broadcast frame supplementarily sent by the network device or an additional broadcast frame, and is sent aperiodically or periodically by the network device.
  • the first beacon frame is sent in a specified search space, which may be a dedicated setting for the zero-power device.
  • the zero-power device listens for the first beacon frame in the specified search space.
  • the first beacon frame is sent in a specified resource pool, which may be a dedicated setting for the zero-power device.
  • the first beacon frame is sent periodically; or,
  • the first beacon frame is sent in an aperiodic manner.
  • the non-periodic transmission mode includes at least one of the following: a continuous transmission mode; or
  • the continuous sending mode indicates that the first beacon frame is sent n times one after another, and there is no sending interval during the sending process, and n is an integer greater than 1;
  • the discontinuous sending mode indicates a sending mode in which there is a sending interval during the sending process of the first beacon frame, and the sending interval may be periodic or non-periodic;
  • the burst sending mode indicates a sending mode in which the first beacon frame is sent at any time.
  • the sending interval between two transmissions is usually longer and more random.
  • the structural format of the first beacon frame is shown in Figure 14.
  • the first beacon frame includes a preamble part and a data part, including at least one of the following fields: preamble, frame control, destination address (Destination Address, DA), source address (Source Address, SA), basic service set identifier (Basic Service Set ID, BSSID), sequence number (Sequence Number), frame body (Frame Body), and frame check sequence (Frame Check Sequence, FCS).
  • the frame body field includes at least one of the following subfields (system information): timestamp, beacon interval (BI), performance information (Capability Info), service set identifier (SSID), data rate, maximum transmission power, channel information, traffic indication map (TIM), BSS load, Quality of Service (QoS) function, Robust Security Network (RSN) function, and vendor proprietary information.
  • system information includes timestamp, beacon interval (BI), performance information (Capability Info), service set identifier (SSID), data rate, maximum transmission power, channel information, traffic indication map (TIM), BSS load, Quality of Service (QoS) function, Robust Security Network (RSN) function, and vendor proprietary information.
  • the preamble is used to locate the beginning of the first beacon frame and perform channel estimation; the timestamp indicates the system time; the BI is used to indicate the time interval for periodic transmission; the performance information is used to transmit the performance-related information of the network device when sending the first beacon frame, including: whether the performance information of radio measurement is supported, whether the performance information of automatic power saving is supported, whether the performance information of service quality assurance is supported, whether the performance information of spectrum management is supported, whether the performance information of backscattering access to the network is supported, etc.; SSID represents the logical name of the wireless LAN; the data rate represents the basic rate and the supported rate (rates); the maximum transmission power represents the maximum power supported during the transmission process; the channel information represents the channel used by the network device; TIM is a field used in the paging process; the BSS load is a field indicating the channel utilization; the QoS function represents the QoS and Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) information; the RSN function represents the temporary key completion
  • the vendor-specific information refer
  • the first beacon frame includes some system information, as shown in FIG15 , the fields included in the first beacon frame are the same as those shown in FIG14 , which are not described in detail here, wherein the frame body field includes at least one of the following subfields (system information): timestamp, BI, capability information (Capability Info), data rate, maximum transmission power, TIM.
  • system information system information
  • timestamp timestamp
  • BI capability information
  • Capability Info Capability Info
  • data rate maximum transmission power
  • TIM maximum transmission power
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific types and field order of the subfields included in the first beacon frame, and the above content is used as an example for explanation.
  • Step 1320 Receive a second beacon frame.
  • the second beacon frame is a broadcast frame periodically sent by the network device.
  • the second beacon frame is used for the zero-power device to periodically establish time and frequency synchronization with the network to obtain system information, and the period is 100 milliseconds.
  • the first beacon frame and the second beacon frame have the same structure, as shown in Figure 14, which will not be repeated here.
  • the structures of the first beacon frame and the second beacon frame are different, including at least one of the following:
  • the preamble codes used by the first beacon frame and the second beacon frame are different;
  • the information type of the data portion of the first beacon frame is smaller than the information type of the data portion of the second beacon frame, or the information type of the data portion of the first beacon frame is larger than the information type of the data portion of the second beacon frame;
  • the code rate of the data portion of the first beacon frame is lower than the code rate of the data portion of the second beacon frame.
  • the designs of (1) and (2) can provide different synchronization performances. For example, if the preamble sequence length of the first beacon frame is longer than that of the second beacon frame, it can contain more synchronization signals, thereby improving the probability and accuracy of the zero-power device identifying the data part, thereby providing better synchronization performance.
  • the design of (3) when the information type of the data part of the first beacon frame is smaller than the information type of the data part of the second beacon frame, for example, only including the timestamp, the period of the second beacon frame and other information, key information can be quickly transmitted to the zero-power device, and the smaller data part can also improve the reception probability of the zero-power device.
  • the system information can be directly transmitted to the zero-power device to help the zero-power device establish time-frequency synchronization.
  • the structures of the first beacon frame and the second beacon frame are different.
  • the structure of the second beacon frame is shown in Figure 14, and the structure of the first beacon frame is shown in Figure 15.
  • the first beacon frame is a simplified version of the second beacon frame.
  • the first beacon frame does not include at least one field in SSID, channel information, BSS load, QoS function, RSN function, and vendor-specific information.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the simplified content, and the above content is used as an example for illustration.
  • the zero-power device obtains part of the system information through the first beacon frame, and then obtains the rest of the system information through the second beacon frame.
  • the first beacon frame includes a timestamp, BI, performance information on whether radio measurement is supported, performance information on whether automatic power saving is supported, performance information on whether backscattering mode access to the network is supported, data rate, maximum transmission power, TIM, and the second beacon frame includes all of the above system information.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the included part of the system information, and the above content is used as an example for illustration.
  • Step 1330 Based on at least one of the first beacon frame and the second beacon frame, complete at least one function of performing time and frequency synchronization with the wireless network, obtaining system information, obtaining power supply energy, and obtaining scheduling information.
  • time and frequency synchronization is performed through the timestamp in the first beacon frame, system information is obtained through the system information carried by the first beacon frame, power supply energy is obtained through the wireless energy carried by the first beacon frame, and scheduling information is obtained through the scheduling information carried by the first beacon frame.
  • time and frequency synchronization is performed through the timestamp in the second beacon frame, system information is obtained through the system information carried by the second beacon frame, power supply energy is obtained through the wireless energy carried by the second beacon frame, and scheduling information is obtained through the scheduling information carried by the second beacon frame.
  • some functions are completed based on the second beacon frame, and the remaining functions are completed based on the first beacon frame. For example, time-frequency synchronization is performed through the timestamp in the second beacon frame, system information is obtained through the system information carried by the second beacon frame, power supply energy is obtained through the wireless energy carried by the second beacon frame, and scheduling information is obtained through the scheduling information carried by the first beacon frame.
  • some functions are completed based on the first beacon frame, and the remaining functions are completed based on the second beacon frame. For example, time-frequency synchronization is performed through the timestamp in the first beacon frame, system information is obtained through the system information carried by the first beacon frame, power supply energy is obtained through the wireless energy carried by the first beacon frame, and scheduling information is obtained through the scheduling information carried by the second beacon frame.
  • time and frequency synchronization is performed through the timestamp in the first beacon frame, and part of the system information is obtained through part of the system information carried by the first beacon frame, such as BI, maximum transmission power, TIM, and the time domain position information of the next second beacon frame. Then, based on the time domain position information of the next second beacon frame, the remaining system information is obtained from the next second beacon frame, the power supply energy is obtained through the wireless energy carried by the first beacon frame, and the scheduling information is obtained through the scheduling information carried by the second beacon frame.
  • time and frequency synchronization is performed through the timestamp in the first beacon frame, and part of the system information is obtained through part of the system information carried by the first beacon frame, such as BI, maximum transmission power, TIM, and the time domain position information of the next first beacon frame. Then, based on the time domain position information of the next first beacon frame, the remaining system information is obtained from the next first beacon frame, the power supply energy is obtained through the wireless energy carried by the first beacon frame, and the scheduling information is obtained through the scheduling information carried by the second beacon frame.
  • some functions are part of the above-mentioned time and frequency synchronization, obtaining system information, obtaining power supply energy, and obtaining scheduling information, and the remaining functions are all or part of the functions remaining except some functions in the above-mentioned functions.
  • the zero-power consumption device may also use at least three beacon frames to complete the above functions, which is not limited.
  • the number of first beacon frames and/or second beacon frames included in the at least three beacon frames is not limited.
  • step 1310 and step 1320 are optional. In different embodiments, one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced, for example, step 1320 may be omitted and only the first beacon frame may be received.
  • Step 1310 and step 1330 may be implemented as independent embodiments; step 1320 and step 1330 may be implemented as independent embodiments; but are not limited thereto.
  • Step 1310 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as being implemented separately as a method for receiving a beacon frame
  • Step 1320 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as being implemented separately as a method for receiving a beacon frame
  • Step 1330 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as implementing the communication method of a beacon frame alone.
  • FIG. 16 shows a flow chart of a communication method for broadcast frames provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the method being executed by a zero-power consumption device, and the method comprising:
  • Step 1610 Receive a first broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame used to carry a synchronization signal and/or system information.
  • the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame supplementarily sent by the network device or an additional broadcast frame, and is sent aperiodically or periodically by the network device.
  • the broadcast frame used to carry synchronization signals and/or system information may be called differently in different cellular communication networks, for example, SSB in a 5G system and PBCH in a 4G system.
  • This embodiment of the present application does not limit this name, and the first broadcast frame is used as an example for illustration.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent in a specified search space, which may be a dedicated setting for zero-power devices.
  • the zero-power device listens for the first broadcast frame in the specified search space.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent in a specified resource pool, which may be a dedicated setting for zero-power devices.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent periodically; or,
  • the first broadcast frame is sent in a non-periodic manner.
  • the non-periodic transmission mode includes at least one of the following: a continuous transmission mode; or
  • the continuous sending mode indicates that the first broadcast frame is sent n times one after another, and there is no sending interval during the sending process, and n is an integer greater than 1;
  • the discontinuous sending mode indicates a sending mode in which there is a sending interval during the sending process of the first broadcast frame, and the sending interval may be periodic or non-periodic;
  • the burst sending mode indicates a sending mode in which the first broadcast frame is sent at any time.
  • the sending interval between two transmissions is usually longer and more random.
  • the system information carried by the first broadcast frame includes at least one of the following: channel number, channel bandwidth, timestamp, subcarrier spacing information, system frame number (System Frame Number, SFN), and paging information.
  • the channel number indicates the channel selected by the network device for data transmission; the channel bandwidth indicates the frequency range of the channel for data transmission; the timestamp indicates the system time; the subcarrier spacing information indicates the spacing between subcarriers; the SFN identifies the order of system frames and is used for synchronization information; the paging information is used to send resource allocation configuration or specify operation instructions to the zero-power device.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific type of system information carried by the first broadcast frame, and takes the above content as an example for explanation.
  • Step 1620 Receive a second broadcast frame.
  • the second broadcast frame is a broadcast frame periodically sent by the network device.
  • the second broadcast frame is used for the zero-power device to periodically establish time and frequency synchronization with the network and obtain system information, and the period is exemplarily 100 milliseconds.
  • the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame have the same structure.
  • the structures of the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame are different, and the first broadcast frame is a simplified version of the second broadcast frame.
  • a broadcast frame does not include subcarrier spacing information.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the simplified content and uses the above content as an example for illustration.
  • the zero-power device obtains part of the system information through the first broadcast frame, and then obtains the rest of the system information through the second broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame includes the channel number, channel bandwidth, timestamp, SFN, and paging information
  • the second broadcast frame includes all of the above system information.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the included part of the system information, and takes the above content as an example for illustration.
  • Step 1630 Based on at least one of the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame, complete at least one function of performing time and frequency synchronization with the wireless network, obtaining system information, obtaining power supply energy, and obtaining scheduling information.
  • time and frequency synchronization is performed through the timestamp in the first broadcast frame, system information is obtained through the system information carried by the first broadcast frame, power supply energy is obtained through the wireless energy carried by the first broadcast frame, and scheduling information is obtained through the scheduling information carried by the first broadcast frame.
  • time and frequency synchronization is performed through the timestamp in the second broadcast frame, system information is obtained through the system information carried by the second broadcast frame, power supply energy is obtained through the wireless energy carried by the second broadcast frame, and scheduling information is obtained through the scheduling information carried by the second broadcast frame.
  • some functions are completed based on the second broadcast frame, and the remaining functions are completed based on the first broadcast frame. For example, time-frequency synchronization is performed through the timestamp in the second broadcast frame, system information is obtained through the system information carried by the second broadcast frame, power supply energy is obtained through the wireless energy carried by the second broadcast frame, and scheduling information is obtained through the scheduling information carried by the first broadcast frame.
  • some functions are completed based on the first broadcast frame, and the remaining functions are completed based on the second broadcast frame. For example, time-frequency synchronization is performed through the timestamp in the first broadcast frame, system information is obtained through the system information carried by the first broadcast frame, power supply energy is obtained through the wireless energy carried by the first broadcast frame, and scheduling information is obtained through the scheduling information carried by the second broadcast frame.
  • time and frequency synchronization is performed through the timestamp in the first broadcast frame, and part of the system information is obtained through part of the system information carried by the first broadcast frame, such as the channel number, SFN, paging information, and the time domain position information of the next second broadcast frame, and then based on the time domain position information of the next second broadcast frame, the remaining system information is obtained from the next second broadcast frame, and the power supply energy is obtained through the wireless energy carried by the first broadcast frame, and the scheduling information is obtained through the scheduling information carried by the second broadcast frame.
  • some functions are part of the above-mentioned time and frequency synchronization, obtaining system information, obtaining power supply energy, and obtaining scheduling information, and the remaining functions are all or part of the functions remaining except some functions in the above-mentioned functions.
  • the zero-power consumption device may also use at least three broadcast frames to complete the above functions, which is not limited.
  • the number of first broadcast frames and/or second broadcast frames included in the at least three broadcast frames is not limited.
  • step 1610 and step 1620 are optional. In different embodiments, one or more of these steps may be omitted or replaced, for example, step 1620 may be omitted and only the first broadcast frame may be received.
  • Step 1610 and step 1630 may be implemented as independent embodiments; step 1620 and step 1630 may be implemented as independent embodiments; but are not limited thereto.
  • Step 1610 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as being implemented separately as a method for receiving a broadcast frame
  • Step 1620 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as being implemented separately as a method for receiving a broadcast frame
  • Step 1630 may be implemented as an independent embodiment, such as being implemented separately as a communication method for broadcasting frames.
  • the method provided in this embodiment receives a first beacon frame, which is a beacon frame sent at a time domain position different from the periodically sent second beacon frame, to help the zero-power device complete time and frequency synchronization and obtain system information, thereby increasing the transmission opportunities of beacon frames, reducing the time to complete time and frequency synchronization, speeding up the communication process between the network device and the zero-power device, and reducing the waiting time for the zero-power device to receive the beacon frame, thereby reducing the power consumption of the zero-power device.
  • a first beacon frame which is a beacon frame sent at a time domain position different from the periodically sent second beacon frame
  • the method provided in this embodiment also receives a first broadcast frame, which is a broadcast frame sent at a time domain position different from the periodically sent second broadcast frame, to help the zero-power device quickly complete time and frequency synchronization and obtain system information, thereby increasing the transmission opportunities of the broadcast frames, reducing the time to complete time and frequency synchronization, speeding up the communication process between the network device and the zero-power device, and reducing the waiting time for the zero-power device to receive the broadcast frame, thereby reducing the power consumption of the zero-power device.
  • a first broadcast frame which is a broadcast frame sent at a time domain position different from the periodically sent second broadcast frame
  • the method provided in this embodiment also periodically completes time-frequency synchronization and updates system information by receiving a second beacon frame or a second broadcast frame, thereby maintaining the stability of the zero-power consumption device.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also designs the first beacon frame and the second beacon frame into different structures, so that the zero-power device can first obtain part of the system information through the first beacon frame, and then obtain the remaining system information through the second beacon frame, so that the zero-power device can quickly complete time and frequency synchronization and obtain system information.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also designs the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame into different structures, so that the zero-power device can first obtain part of the system information through the first broadcast frame, and then obtain the remaining system information through the second broadcast frame, so that the zero-power device can quickly complete time and frequency synchronization and obtain system information.
  • FIG. 17 shows a flowchart of a communication method for broadcast frames provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the method being executed by a network device.
  • the method includes:
  • Step 1710 Send a first broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent between periodically sent second broadcast frames, and/or is sent before the first second broadcast frame, and/or is sent after the last second broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame sent at a different time domain position than the periodically sent second broadcast frame. It can also be understood that the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame sent supplementally or additionally at a different time domain position than the periodically sent second broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent in a specified search space, which may be a dedicated setting for zero-power devices.
  • the zero-power device listens for the first broadcast frame in the specified search space.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent in a specified resource pool, which may be a dedicated setting for zero-power devices.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent periodically; or,
  • the first broadcast frame is sent in a non-periodic manner.
  • the non-periodic transmission method includes at least one of the following:
  • the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame have the same structure.
  • the structures of the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame are different.
  • the structures of the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame are different, including at least one of the following:
  • the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame use different preamble codes
  • the preamble sequence lengths of the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame are different;
  • the information type of the data part of the first broadcast frame is smaller than the information type of the data part of the second broadcast frame, or the information type of the data part of the first broadcast frame is larger than the information type of the data part of the second broadcast frame;
  • a code rate of the data portion of the first broadcast frame is lower than a code rate of the data portion of the second broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame are distinguished by at least one of the following methods:
  • the type indicator located in the information field is the type indicator located in the information field
  • the first broadcast frame carries time domain location information of the next second broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent by the network device in the presence of a triggering event.
  • the triggering event includes at least one of the following:
  • the first broadcast frame is sent by a network device, and the network device is a device in a WiFi system and/or a device in a cellular communication system.
  • the method provided in this embodiment sends a first broadcast frame, and the time position of the first broadcast frame is close to the wake-up time of the zero-power device, which is used to help the zero-power device complete time and frequency synchronization and obtain system information, thereby speeding up the communication process between the network device and the zero-power device, and reducing the waiting time for the zero-power device to receive the broadcast frame, thereby reducing the power consumption of the zero-power device.
  • the method provided in this embodiment also periodically completes time-frequency synchronization and updates system information by sending a second broadcast frame, thereby maintaining the stability of the zero-power consumption device.
  • steps with the same sequence number can be considered as the same step.
  • the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 7, the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 8, the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 9, the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 13, the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 16 and the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 17 can be implemented separately or in combination, and this application does not limit this.
  • FIG18 shows a block diagram of a communication device for broadcasting frames provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, and the device can be implemented as a zero-power device or a part of a zero-power device through software or hardware or a combination of both.
  • the device includes a receiving module 1810, wherein the function of the receiving module 1810 is implemented by a receiver in the zero-power device.
  • the receiving module 1810 is configured to receive a first broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent between periodically sent second broadcast frames, and/or is sent before the first second broadcast frame, and/or is sent after the last second broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame sent at a different time domain position from the periodically sent second broadcast frame. It can also be understood that the first broadcast frame is supplemented or additionally sent at a different time domain position from the periodically sent second broadcast frame. broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is a first beacon frame
  • the first beacon frame is used for the device to quickly establish time and frequency synchronization with the network and obtain system information.
  • the first broadcast frame is system broadcast information
  • the system broadcast information is used to broadcast synchronization signals and system information, such as SSB in a 5G system.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent by a network device, and the network device is a device in a WiFi system and/or a device in a cellular communication system (or mobile communication system).
  • the receiving module 1810 is used to receive the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent in a specified search space, and the search space may be set exclusively for the device.
  • the device monitors the first broadcast frame in the specified search space.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent in a designated resource pool, and the resource pool may be set exclusively for the device.
  • the second broadcast frame is a second beacon frame or system broadcast information.
  • the second beacon frame is used for the device to periodically establish time and frequency synchronization with the network and obtain system information. Exemplarily, the period is 100 milliseconds.
  • the second beacon frame is a beacon frame sent periodically and can carry information such as performance information and SSID.
  • the second beacon frame includes a preamble part and a data part, the preamble part is used to indicate the start of data transmission and help the device determine the valid data part.
  • the preamble part includes a set of specific signals for synchronizing the clock between the device and the sending device (network device).
  • the network device configures at least one of the sending position, the number of sending times, the length of the time window for sending, and the sending position of the next second broadcast frame of the first broadcast frame.
  • the device receives at least one of the sending position, the number of sending times, the length of the time window for sending, and the sending position of the next second broadcast frame of the first broadcast frame.
  • the sending position of the next second broadcast frame can be an absolute time position or an offset position relative to the current first broadcast frame.
  • the network device When the signal strength is greater than a first threshold, the network device sends a first broadcast frame. For example, when the device is near a router, a first broadcast frame can help the device complete time-frequency synchronization and obtain all system information.
  • the first threshold is preset by a person skilled in the art.
  • the network device When the signal strength is less than the second threshold, the network device sends multiple first broadcast frames. For example, when it is far away from the router, multiple first broadcast frames are needed to help the device complete time and frequency synchronization and obtain all system information.
  • the second threshold is pre-set by technical personnel in this field.
  • the signal strength may be the signal strength when the apparatus sends a signal and/or data to a network device.
  • the first threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent periodically; or, the first broadcast frame is sent non-periodically.
  • the non-periodic sending manner includes at least one of the following:
  • the continuous sending mode indicates that the first broadcast frame is sent n times one after another, and there is no sending interval during the sending process, and n is an integer greater than 1;
  • the discontinuous sending mode indicates a sending mode in which there is a sending interval during the sending process of the first broadcast frame, and the sending interval may be periodic or non-periodic;
  • the burst sending mode indicates a sending mode in which the first broadcast frame is sent at any time.
  • the sending interval between two transmissions is usually longer and more random.
  • the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame have the same structure.
  • the first broadcast frame is the first beacon frame
  • the second broadcast frame is the second beacon frame.
  • the first beacon frame and the second beacon frame have the same structure: the preamble part is in front and the data part is in the back.
  • the two have the same preamble part, the same key parameters of the data part length and code rate, carry the same type of configuration information, most of the parameters have the same values, and a small part of the parameters have different values, for example, the timestamp information will change with the time position of the two beacon frames.
  • the preamble part includes: L-STF, L-LTF, and L-SIG fields.
  • L-STF contains a specified and unique waveform, which is easily detected by the device.
  • the functions of L-STF include at least one of the following: packet detection, AGC, initial frequency offset estimation, and initial time synchronization.
  • L-LTF also contains a specified and unique waveform, but it is not exactly the same as L-STF.
  • the functions of L-LTF include at least one of the following: channel estimation, more accurate frequency offset estimation, and more accurate time synchronization.
  • the L-SIG field includes information such as the transmit rate, coding scheme, guard interval, and length, which are used to calculate the duration of data packets.
  • the structures of the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame are different.
  • the structures of the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame are different, including at least one of the following:
  • the preamble codes used by the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame are different;
  • the information type of the data portion of the first broadcast frame is smaller than the information type of the data portion of the second broadcast frame, or the information type of the data portion of the first broadcast frame is larger than the information type of the data portion of the second broadcast frame;
  • the code rate of the data portion of the first broadcast frame is lower than the code rate of the data portion of the second broadcast frame.
  • first broadcast frame Take the first broadcast frame as the first beacon frame and the second broadcast frame as the second beacon frame as an example:
  • the designs of (1) and (2) can provide different synchronization performances. For example, if the length of the preamble sequence of the first beacon frame is longer than that of the preamble sequence of the second beacon frame, it can contain more synchronization signals, thereby improving the probability and accuracy of the device identifying the data part, thereby providing better synchronization performance.
  • the design of (3) when the information type of the data part of the first beacon frame is less than the information type of the data part of the second beacon frame, for example, only including the timestamp, the period of the second beacon frame and other information, key information can be quickly transmitted to the device, and the smaller data part can also improve the reception probability of the device.
  • the information type of the data part of the first beacon frame is greater than the information type of the data part of the second beacon frame, system information can be directly transmitted to the device to help the device establish time-frequency synchronization.
  • the period of the second broadcast frame is associated with a partial configuration, for example, the second beacon frame may carry a TIM indication, which is used to send information to the device whether there is downlink data to be transmitted, and the period of the TIM is an integer multiple of the period of the second beacon frame.
  • Each beacon frame has a TIM, and the TIM contains a bitmap control field, each bit maps a communication device of a broadcast frame, and when it is 1, it means that the communication device of the broadcast frame corresponding to the bit has downlink data cached in the network device.
  • the configuration of RAW can be indicated in the second beacon frame, during which the device transmits data with the network device, and the RAW configuration is after the second beacon frame.
  • the key idea of RAW is to limit the set of sites that can access the channel and spread their access attempts over a longer period of time, thereby reducing interference and improving the reliability and efficiency of communication.
  • the apparatus needs to distinguish between the two because:
  • the device After completing time-frequency synchronization and obtaining system information based on either the first broadcast frame or the second broadcast frame, the device needs to periodically maintain time-frequency synchronization based on the second broadcast frame. Therefore, the position of the second broadcast frame needs to be determined.
  • the second broadcast frame can send new system information at any time, such as RAW configuration.
  • the device also needs to obtain new system information based on the second broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame are distinguished by using at least one of the following methods:
  • the type indicator located in the information field is the type indicator located in the information field
  • the FC of the beacon MAC header is used for type indication, and the FC includes fields such as a frame type field and a subtype field, wherein the frame type field specifies the type of the data frame, and the subtype field specifies a more specific data frame subtype;
  • the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame use different preamble sequence designs to distinguish the two;
  • the SIG field (i.e., L-SIG field) in the preamble is used for indication, and the SIG field includes information about the channel state, such as signal-to-noise ratio, rate, frequency, etc.
  • the device can identify the channel state by decoding and analyzing the signal parameters in the SIG field, thereby adjusting the transmission rate.
  • the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame use different bit values in the SIG field, which can also distinguish the first broadcast frame from the second broadcast frame.
  • the device may first search for the first broadcast frame, or may first search for the second broadcast frame, and the device completes time-frequency synchronization and obtains system information based on either of the two.
  • the first broadcast frame carries time domain position information of the next second broadcast frame.
  • the time domain position information may be an absolute time position or an offset position relative to the current first broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent by the network device when a trigger event occurs.
  • the network device triggers the sending of the first broadcast frame according to a triggering event, that is, when the device has a need to complete time-frequency synchronization and obtain system information, such as in an item search event, when the item search event is triggered, the network device can send radio waves to power the device and send the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame to the device.
  • a triggering event that is, when the device has a need to complete time-frequency synchronization and obtain system information, such as in an item search event, when the item search event is triggered
  • the network device can send radio waves to power the device and send the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame to the device.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent first, and then the second broadcast frame is sent; or the first broadcast frame is sent between the second broadcast frames that are sent periodically.
  • the triggering event includes at least one of the following:
  • the network device senses (for example, through sound wave sensing, motion sensing, etc.) the arrival of a logistics vehicle.
  • the network device starts an inventory process of the items on the logistics vehicle.
  • the network device can send radio waves to power the device and send a first broadcast frame and a second broadcast frame to the device.
  • the network device can send radio waves to power the device and send a first broadcast frame and a second broadcast frame to the device.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent by a network device, and the network device is a device in a WiFi system and/or a device in a cellular communication system.
  • At least one first broadcast frame is transmitted within the first time window. At least one first broadcast frame also carries indication information of the first time window. When there are multiple first broadcast frames within the first time window, all or part of the multiple first broadcast frames carry indication information of the first time window.
  • the first time window is expressed in the form of: window start point + window length.
  • the first time domain position and the remaining time occupied by the first broadcast frame represent the length of the first time window. That is, the remaining time of the first time window may be carried in all or part of the first broadcast frames. For example, the remaining time is carried in each first broadcast frame except the last first broadcast frame.
  • the remaining time carried by a first broadcast frame is 1000 milliseconds, which is used to indicate that the remaining time of the first time window is 1000 milliseconds starting from the time domain position of the first broadcast frame.
  • the current first broadcast frame carries indication information of the time domain position of the next first broadcast frame. If the indication information exists, it means that the first time window has not yet ended and indicates the time domain position of the next first broadcast frame; if the indication information does not exist, it means that the first time window ends after the time domain position of the first broadcast frame.
  • the receiving module 1810 can be divided into multiple receiving modules, such as a first receiving module and a second receiving module.
  • the first receiving module is used to receive the first broadcast frame, and the second receiving module is used to receive the second broadcast frame; or the first receiving module is used to receive the second broadcast frame, and the second receiving module is used to receive the first broadcast frame.
  • This embodiment does not limit the functions of different receiving modules.
  • This embodiment is described by taking one receiving module 1810 as an example, and the number of receiving modules 1810 is not limited.
  • step 910 For an introduction to the functions of the receiving module 1810 , please refer to the contents of step 910 in the embodiment of FIG. 9 .
  • the sending module 1910 is configured to send a first broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent between periodically sent second broadcast frames, and/or is sent before the first second broadcast frame, and/or is sent after the last second broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame sent at a different time domain position from the periodically sent second broadcast frame. It can also be understood that the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame that is supplemented or additionally sent at a different time domain position from the periodically sent second broadcast frame.
  • the apparatus when the apparatus is a device in a WiFi system, the first broadcast frame is a first beacon frame, and the first beacon frame is used for the zero-power device to quickly establish time and frequency synchronization with the network and obtain system information.
  • the apparatus when the apparatus is a device in a cellular communication system, the first broadcast frame is system broadcast information, and the system broadcast information is used to broadcast synchronization signals and system information, such as SSB in a 5G system.
  • system broadcast information is used to broadcast synchronization signals and system information, such as SSB in a 5G system.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent by the apparatus, and the apparatus is a device in a WiFi system and/or a device in a cellular communication system (or mobile communication system).
  • the sending module 1910 is used to send a first broadcast frame and a second broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is a broadcast frame supplemented or additionally sent by the device, and is sent aperiodically or periodically by the device; the second broadcast frame is a broadcast frame periodically sent by the device.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent in a specified search space, and the search space may be set exclusively for the zero-power consumption device.
  • the zero-power consumption device monitors the first broadcast frame in the specified search space.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent in a specified resource pool, which may be a resource pool specifically set for zero-power consumption devices.
  • the second broadcast frame is a second beacon frame or system broadcast information.
  • the second beacon frame is used for the zero-power device to periodically establish time and frequency synchronization with the network and obtain system information. Exemplarily, the period is 100 milliseconds.
  • the second beacon frame is a beacon frame sent periodically and can carry information such as performance information and SSID.
  • the second beacon frame includes a preamble part and a data part
  • the preamble part is used to indicate the start of data transmission and help the receiving device (zero power device) determine the valid data part.
  • the preamble part includes a set of specific signals for synchronizing the clock between the receiving device (zero power device) and the device.
  • the apparatus configures at least one of a sending position, a number of sending times, a time window length of sending, and a sending position of a next second broadcast frame of a first broadcast frame.
  • the zero-power device receives at least one of a sending position, a number of sending times, a time window length of sending, and a sending position of a next second broadcast frame of a first broadcast frame.
  • the sending position of the next second broadcast frame can be an absolute time position or an offset position relative to the current first broadcast frame.
  • the sending module 1910 is used to send at least one first broadcast frame.
  • the device When the signal strength is greater than a first threshold, the device sends a first broadcast frame. For example, when the device is near a router, a first broadcast frame can help the zero-power device complete time-frequency synchronization and obtain all system information.
  • the first threshold is preset by a person skilled in the art.
  • the device When the signal strength is less than the second threshold, the device sends multiple first broadcast frames. For example, when it is far away from the router, multiple first broadcast frames are needed to help the zero-power device complete time and frequency synchronization and obtain all system information.
  • the second threshold is pre-set by a technician in this field.
  • the signal strength may be the signal strength when the zero-power device sends a signal and/or data to the apparatus.
  • the first threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent periodically; or, the first broadcast frame is sent non-periodically.
  • the non-periodic sending manner includes at least one of the following:
  • the continuous sending mode indicates that the first broadcast frame is sent n times one after another, and there is no sending interval during the sending process, and n is an integer greater than 1;
  • the discontinuous sending mode indicates a sending mode in which there is a sending interval during the sending process of the first broadcast frame, and the sending interval may be periodic or non-periodic;
  • the burst sending mode indicates a sending mode in which the first broadcast frame is sent at any time.
  • the sending interval between two transmissions is usually longer and more random.
  • the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame have the same structure.
  • the first broadcast frame is the first beacon frame
  • the second broadcast frame is the second beacon frame.
  • the first beacon frame and the second beacon frame have the same structure: the preamble part is in front and the data part is in the back.
  • the two have the same preamble part, the same key parameters of the data part length and code rate, carry the same type of configuration information, most of the parameters have the same values, and a small part of the parameters have different values, for example, the timestamp information will change with the time position of the two beacon frames.
  • the preamble part includes: L-STF, L-LTF, and L-SIG fields.
  • L-STF contains a specified and unique waveform, which is easily detected by the receiving device (zero-power device).
  • the functions of L-STF include at least one of the following: packet detection, AGC, initial frequency offset estimation, and initial time synchronization.
  • L-LTF also contains a specified and unique waveform, but it is not exactly the same as L-STF.
  • the functions of L-LTF include at least one of the following: channel estimation, more accurate frequency offset estimation, and more accurate time synchronization.
  • the L-SIG field includes information such as the transmit rate, coding scheme, guard interval, and length, which are used to calculate the duration of data packets.
  • the structures of the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame are different.
  • the structures of the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame are different, including at least one of the following:
  • the preamble codes used by the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame are different;
  • the information type of the data portion of the first broadcast frame is smaller than the information type of the data portion of the second broadcast frame, or the information type of the data portion of the first broadcast frame is larger than the information type of the data portion of the second broadcast frame;
  • the code rate of the data portion of the first broadcast frame is lower than the code rate of the data portion of the second broadcast frame.
  • first broadcast frame Take the first broadcast frame as the first beacon frame and the second broadcast frame as the second beacon frame as an example:
  • the designs of (1) and (2) can provide different synchronization performances. For example, if the preamble sequence length of the first beacon frame is longer than that of the second beacon frame, it can contain more synchronization signals, thereby improving the probability and accuracy of the zero-power device identifying the data part, thereby providing better synchronization performance.
  • the design of (3) when the information type of the data part of the first beacon frame is smaller than the information type of the data part of the second beacon frame, for example, only including the timestamp, the period of the second beacon frame and other information, key information can be quickly transmitted to the zero-power device, and the smaller data part can also improve the reception probability of the zero-power device.
  • the system information can be directly transmitted to the zero-power device to help the zero-power device establish time-frequency synchronization.
  • the period of the second broadcast frame is associated with a partial configuration, for example, the second beacon frame may carry a TIM indication, which is used to send information to the zero-power device whether there is downlink data to be transmitted, and the period of the TIM is an integer multiple of the period of the second beacon frame.
  • Each beacon frame has a TIM, and the TIM contains a bitmap control field, each bit maps a zero-power device, and when it is 1, it means that the zero-power device corresponding to the bit has downlink data cached in the device.
  • the configuration of RAW can be indicated in the second beacon frame, during which the zero-power device transmits data with the device, and the RAW configuration is after the second beacon frame.
  • the key idea of RAW is to limit the set of sites that can access the channel and spread their access attempts over a longer period of time, thereby reducing interference and improving the reliability and efficiency of communication.
  • the zero-power consumption device needs to distinguish between the two, because:
  • the zero-power device needs to periodically maintain the time-frequency synchronization based on the second broadcast frame. Therefore, the position of the second broadcast frame needs to be determined.
  • the second broadcast frame can send new system information at any time, such as RAW configuration.
  • the zero-power device also needs to obtain new system information based on the second broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame are distinguished by using at least one of the following methods:
  • the type indicator located in the information field is the type indicator located in the information field
  • the FC of the beacon MAC header is used for type indication, and the FC includes fields such as a frame type field and a subtype field, wherein the frame type field specifies the type of the data frame, and the subtype field specifies a more specific data frame subtype;
  • the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame use different preamble sequence designs to distinguish the two;
  • the SIG field (i.e., L-SIG field) in the preamble is used for indication, and the SIG field includes information about the channel state, such as signal-to-noise ratio, rate, frequency, etc.
  • the zero-power device can identify the channel state by decoding and analyzing the signal parameters in the SIG field, thereby adjusting the transmission rate.
  • the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame use different bit values in the SIG field, which can also distinguish the first broadcast frame from the second broadcast frame.
  • the zero-power device may first search for the first broadcast frame, or it may first search for the second broadcast frame.
  • the zero-power device completes time-frequency synchronization and obtains system information based on either of the two.
  • the first broadcast frame carries time domain position information of the next second broadcast frame.
  • the time domain position information may be an absolute time position or an offset position relative to the current first broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent by the device when a trigger event occurs.
  • the device triggers the sending of the first broadcast frame according to a triggering event, that is, when the zero-power device has a need to complete time-frequency synchronization and obtain system information, such as in an event of searching for an item, the device can send radio waves to power the zero-power device when the event of searching for an item is triggered, and send the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame to the zero-power device.
  • a triggering event that is, when the zero-power device has a need to complete time-frequency synchronization and obtain system information, such as in an event of searching for an item
  • the device can send radio waves to power the zero-power device when the event of searching for an item is triggered, and send the first broadcast frame and the second broadcast frame to the zero-power device.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent first, and then the second broadcast frame is sent; or the first broadcast frame is sent between the second broadcast frames sent periodically.
  • the triggering event includes at least one of the following:
  • the device senses (for example, through sound wave sensing, motion sensing, etc.) the arrival of a logistics vehicle.
  • the device starts an inventory process of the items (zero-power devices) on the logistics vehicle.
  • the device can send radio waves to power the zero-power device, and send a first broadcast frame and a second broadcast frame to the zero-power device.
  • the device can send radio waves to power the zero-power devices, and send a first broadcast frame and a second broadcast frame to the zero-power devices.
  • a sufficient number of broadcast frames can be quickly sent to the zero-power device at the moment the process of searching for items and warehouse inventory is started, so that the zero-power device can quickly complete time and frequency synchronization and obtain system information, thereby speeding up the above-mentioned search for items and warehouse inventory.
  • At least one first broadcast frame is transmitted within the first time window. At least one first broadcast frame also carries indication information of the first time window. When there are multiple first broadcast frames within the first time window, all or part of the multiple first broadcast frames carry indication information of the first time window.
  • the first time window is expressed in the form of: window start point + window length.
  • the first time domain position and the remaining time occupied by the first broadcast frame represent the length of the first time window. That is, the remaining time of the first time window may be carried in all or part of the first broadcast frames. For example, the remaining time is carried in each first broadcast frame except the last first broadcast frame.
  • the remaining time carried by a first broadcast frame is 1000 milliseconds, which is used to indicate that the remaining time of the first time window is 1000 milliseconds starting from the time domain position of the first broadcast frame.
  • the current first broadcast frame carries indication information of the time domain position of the next first broadcast frame. If the indication information exists, it means that the first time window has not yet ended and indicates the time domain position of the next first broadcast frame; if the indication information does not exist, it means that the first time window ends after the time domain position of the first broadcast frame.
  • the first broadcast frame is sent by the apparatus, and the apparatus is a device in a WiFi system and/or a device in a cellular communication system.
  • the sending module 1910 can be divided into multiple sending modules, such as a first sending module and a second sending module.
  • the first sending module is used to send the first broadcast frame, and the second sending module is used to send the second broadcast frame; or the first sending module is used to send the second broadcast frame, and the second sending module is used to send the first broadcast frame.
  • This embodiment does not limit the functions of different sending modules.
  • This embodiment is described by taking one sending module 1910 as an example, and the number of sending modules 1910 is not limited.
  • step 1710 For an introduction to the functions of the sending module 1910, please refer to the contents of step 1710 in the embodiment of FIG. 17 .
  • FIG20 shows a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device or a network device 2000 provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application, including: a processor 2001 , a receiver 2002 , a transmitter 2003 , a memory 2004 and a bus 2005 .
  • the processor 2001 includes one or more processing cores.
  • the processor 2001 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules.
  • the receiver 2002 and the transmitter 2003 can be implemented as a communication component, which can be a communication chip, and the communication component can be called a transceiver.
  • the receiver 2002 can be used to implement the functions and steps of the above-mentioned receiving module 1810
  • the transmitter 2003 can be used to implement the functions and steps of the above-mentioned sending module 1910.
  • the memory 2004 is connected to the processor 2001 via a bus 2005 .
  • the memory 2004 may be used to store at least one instruction
  • the processor 2001 may be used to execute the at least one instruction to implement each step in the above method embodiment.
  • memory 2004 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof.
  • Volatile or non-volatile storage devices include but are not limited to: magnetic disks or optical disks, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, and programmable read-only memory (PROM).
  • the receiver 2002 receives signals/data independently, or the processor 2001 controls the receiver 2002 to receive signals/data, or the processor 2001 requests the receiver 2002 to receive signals/data, or the processor 2001 cooperates with the receiver 2002 to receive signals/data.
  • the transmitter 2003 independently sends signals/data, or the processor 2001 controls the transmitter 2003 to send signals/data, or the processor 2001 requests the transmitter 2003 to send signals/data, or the processor 2001 cooperates with the transmitter 2003 to send signals/data.
  • a computer-readable storage medium in which at least one program is stored.
  • the at least one program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the communication method of the broadcast frame provided by the above-mentioned various method embodiments.
  • a computer program product or a computer program is also provided.
  • the zero-power consumption device or the network device 2000 executes the communication method of the broadcast frame provided by the above-mentioned various method embodiments.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种广播帧的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品，属于零功耗领域。该方法由零功耗设备执行，该方法包括：接收第一广播帧，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧。该方法通过接收第一广播帧，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧，用于帮助零功耗设备完成时频同步以及获得系统信息，从而加快了网络设备与零功耗设备的通信过程，并且减少了零功耗设备接收广播帧的等待时间，降低了零功耗设备的功耗。

Description

广播帧的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品 技术领域
本申请涉及零功耗领域，特别涉及一种广播帧的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品。
背景技术
在无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，WiFi)系统或蜂窝通信系统中的网络设备向终端设备发送广播帧，终端设备根据该广播帧进行时频同步以及系统配置。
在零功耗物联网中，物联网设备通过接收上述网络设备发送的广播帧进行时频同步以及系统配置。由于物联网设备会休眠且上述广播帧是周期性发送的，因此当物联网设备的唤醒时刻与下一次广播帧的发送时刻之间的间隔较大时，物联网设备无法在短时间内完成同步，导致增大了业务时延，增加了设备功耗。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种广播帧的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品，该技术方案至少包括：
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，提供了一种广播帧的通信方法，该方法由零功耗设备执行，该方法包括：
接收第一广播帧，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，提供了一种广播帧的通信方法，该方法由网络设备执行，该方法包括：
发送第一广播帧，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，提供了一种广播帧的通信装置，该装置包括：
接收模块，用于接收第一广播帧，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，提供了一种广播帧的通信装置，该装置包括：
发送模块，用于发送第一广播帧，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，提供了一种零功耗设备，零功耗设备包括：
处理器；
与处理器相连的收发器；
用于存储处理器的可执行指令的存储器；
其中，处理器被配置为加载并执行可执行指令以实现如上述各个方面的广播帧的通信方法。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，提供了一种网络设备，网络设备包括：
处理器；
与处理器相连的收发器；
用于存储处理器的可执行指令的存储器；
其中，处理器被配置为加载并执行可执行指令以实现如上述各个方面的广播帧的通信方法。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有至少一段程序，该至少一段程序由处理器加载并执行以实现如上述各个方面的广播帧的通信方法。
根据本申请实施例的另一个方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品或计算机程序，该计算机程序产品或计算机程序包括计算机指令，计算机指令存储在计算机可读存储介质中，处理器从计算机可读存储介质中获取计算机指令，处理器执行计算机指令以实现如上述各个方面的广播帧的通信方法。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案可以包括以下有益效果：
通过接收第一广播帧，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧，即便物联网设备的唤醒时刻与下一次第二广播帧之间的间隔较大，但由于第一广播帧的时间位置与零功耗设备的唤醒时刻比较接近，用于帮助零功耗设备快速完成时频同步以及获得系统信息，从而加快了网络设备与零功耗设备的通信过程，并且减少了零功耗设备接收第二广播帧的等待时间，降低了零功耗设备的功耗。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的零功耗通信系统的示意图；
图2示出了相关技术提供的射频能量采集的示意图；
图3示出了相关技术提供的反向散射通信过程的示意图；
图4示出了相关技术提供的电阻负载调制的示意图；
图5示出了相关技术提供的编码方式的示意图；
图6示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的零功耗设备搜索信标帧的示意图；
图7示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的广播帧的通信方法的流程图；
图8示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的广播帧的通信方法的流程图；
图9示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的广播帧的通信方法的流程图；
图10示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的发送第一广播帧和第二广播帧的示意图；
图11示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的发送第一广播帧和第二广播帧的示意图；
图12示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的发送第一广播帧和第二广播帧的示意图；
图13示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的广播帧的通信方法的流程图；
图14示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的信标帧的结构格式的示意图；
图15示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的信标帧的结构格式的示意图；
图16示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的广播帧的通信方法的流程图；
图17示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的广播帧的通信方法的流程图；
图18示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的广播帧的通信装置的框图；
图19示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的广播帧的通信装置的框图；
图20示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的零功耗设备或网络设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施方式作进一步地详细描述。这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本申请相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本申请的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
在本公开使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本公开。在本公开和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其它含义。还应当理解，本文中使用的术语“和/或”是指并包含一个或多个相关联的列出项目的任何或所有可能组合。
应当理解，尽管在本公开可能采用术语第一、第二、第三等来描述各种信息，但这些信息不应限于这些术语。这些术语仅用来将同一类型的信息彼此区分开。例如，在不脱离本公开范围的情况下，第一信息也可以被称为第二信息，类似地，第二信息也可以被称为第一信息。取决于语境，如在此所使用的词语“如果”可以被解释成为“在……时”或“当……时”或“响应于确定”。
本申请的一些实施例中描述的技术方案可以适用于各种通信系统，例如：全球移动通讯(Global System of Mobile communication，GSM)系统、码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access，CDMA)系统、宽带码分多址(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，WCDMA)系统、通用分组无线业务(General Packet Radio Service，GPRS)、长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)系统、先进的长期演进(Advanced long term evolution，LTE-A)系统、新无线(New Radio，NR)系统、NR系统的演进系统、非授权频谱上的LTE(LTE-based access to unlicensed spectrum，LTE-U)系统、非授权频谱上的NR(NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum，NR-U)系统、非地面通信网络(Non-Terrestrial Networks，NTN)系统、通用移动通信系统(Universal Mobile Telecommunication System，UMTS)、无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Networks，WLAN)、无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，WiFi)、第五代通信(5th-Generation，5G)系统，蜂窝物联网系统，蜂窝无源物联网系统，也可以适用于5G NR系统后续的演进系统，还可以适用于6G以及后续的演进系统。
应当理解，在本申请的一些实施例中，“5G”也可以称为“5G NR”或者“NR”。
应当理解，在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“对应”可表示两者之间具有直接对应或间接对应的关系，也可以表示两者之间具有关联关系，也可以是指示与被指示、配置与被配置等关系。
本申请实施例中，“预定义”可以通过在设备(例如，包括终端设备和网络设备)中预先保存相应的代码、表格或其他可用于指示相关信息的方式来实现，本申请对于其具体的实现方式不做限定。比如预定义可以是指协议中定义的。
本申请实施例中，“协议”可以指通信领域的标准协议，例如可以包括LTE协议、NR协议以及应用于未来的通信系统中的相关协议，本申请对此不做限定。
图1示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的零功耗通信系统100的示意图，零功耗通信系统100包括 网络设备120和零功耗设备140。
网络设备120用于向零功耗设备140发送无线供能信号，下行通信信号以及接收零功耗设备140的反向散射信号。零功耗设备140也称为环境能物联网(Ambient power enabled Internet of Things，Ambient IoT)设备，包含能量采集模块141，反向散射通信模块142以及低功耗计算模块143。能量采集模块141可以采集空间中的无线电波携带的能量，用于驱动零功耗设备140的低功耗计算模块143和实现反向散射通信。零功耗设备140获得能量后，可以接收网络设备120的控制信令，并根据控制信令基于后向散射的方式向网络设备120发送数据。发送数据可以来自于零功耗设备140自身存储的数据(如身份标识或预先写入的信息，如商品的生产日期、品牌、生产厂家等)。
零功耗设备140还可以包括传感器模块144和存储器145。传感器模块144可以包括各类传感器，零功耗设备140可以基于零功耗机制将各类传感器采集的数据上报。存储器145用于存储一些基本信息(如物品标识等)或获取环境温度、环境湿度等传感数据。
零功耗设备140自身不需要电池，同时采用低功耗计算模块143可实现简单的信号解调、解码或编码、调制等简单的运算工作，因此零功耗模块仅需要极简的硬件设计，使得零功耗设备140成本很低、体积很小。
网络设备120包括但不限于：蜂窝网络设备，例如5G/6G网络设备、基站设备；WiFi/WLAN网络设备，例如接入点(Access Point，AP)、路由器、移动接入点等，该移动接入点例如是手机。
零功耗设备140包括但不限于：手持设备、可穿戴设备、车载设备和物联网设备等，零功耗设备140可以是手机、平板电脑、电子书阅读器、膝上便携计算机、台式计算机、电视机、游戏机、增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)终端、虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，VR)终端和混合现实(Mixed Reality，MR)终端、可穿戴设备、手柄、电子标签和控制器等中的至少一种。
接下来，对零功耗通信的关键技术进行介绍：
·射频能量采集(Radio Frequency Power Harvesting)；
图2示出了相关技术提供的射频能量采集的示意图。射频能量采集是基于电磁感应原理，利用射频模块RF通过电磁感应，并与保持并联关系的电容C、负载电阻RL进行连接，实现对空间电磁波能量的采集，获得驱动零功耗设备工作所需的能量，比如：用于驱动低功耗解调模块、调制模块、传感器和内存读取等。因此，零功耗设备无需传统电池。
·反向散射通信(Back Scattering)；
图3示出了相关技术提供的反向散射通信过程的示意图。零功耗设备140接收网络设备120的发送模块(Transmit，TX)121使用放大器(AMPlifier，AMP)122发送的无线信号载波131，并对无线信号载波131进行调制，使用逻辑处理模块147加载需要发送的信息，并使用能量采集模块141采集射频能量。零功耗设备140使用天线146辐射调制后的反射信号132，这个信息传输过程称为反向散射通信。网络设备120接收模块(Receive，RX)123使用低噪声放大器(Low Noise Amplifier，LNA)124接收调制后的反射信号132。反向散射和负载调制功能密不可分。负载调制通过对零功耗设备140的振荡回路的电路参数按照数据流的节拍进行调节和控制，使电子标签阻抗的大小等参数随之改变，完成调制的过程。
负载调制技术主要包括电阻负载调制和电容负载调制。图4示出了相关技术提供的电阻负载调制的示意图。在电阻负载调制中，负载电阻RL并联第三电阻R3，基于二进制编码的控制的开关S实现接通或断开，第三电阻R3的通断会导致电路上的电压产生变化，负载电阻RL与第一电容C1保持并联的连接关系，负载电阻RL与第二电阻R2保持串联的连接关系，第二电阻R2与第一电感L1保持串联的连接关系。第一电感L1与第二电感L2之间耦合，第二电感L2与第二电容C2保持串联的连接关系。可以实现幅度键控调制(Amplitude Shift Keying，ASK)，即通过调整零功耗设备的反向散射信号的幅度大小实现信号的调制与传输。类似地，在电容负载调制中，通过电容的通断可以实现电路谐振频率的变化，实现频率键控调制(Frequency Shift Keying，FSK)，即通过调整零功耗设备的反向散射信号的工作频率实现信号的调制与传输。
零功耗设备借助负载调制的方式，对来波信号进行信息调制，实现了反向散射通信的过程。零功耗设备具有显著的优点：不主动发射信号，因此不需要复杂的射频链路，如功率放大器(Power Amplifier，PA)、射频滤波器等；不需要主动产生高频信号，因此不需要高频晶振；借助反向散射通信，信号传输不需要消耗零功耗设备自身能量。
·极低功耗主动发射技术；
零功耗设备也可以使用极低功耗主动发射技术。与反向散射不同的是，当零功耗设备使用极低功耗主动发射技术进行数据传输时，零功耗设备需要使用较为简单且低功耗的振荡器产生射频载波，然后将待发送的信息调制到射频载波上。基于当前的研究，极低功耗主动发射机的功耗可以低至数百微瓦，因此可以实现超低功耗的数据传输。
接下来，对零功耗通信的编码方式进行介绍：
图5示出了相关技术提供的编码方式的示意图。电子标签传输的数据，可以使用不同形式的代码来表示二进制的“1”和“0”。无线射频识别系统通常使用下列编码方法中的一种：反向不归零(Not Return to Zero，NRZ)编码、曼彻斯特(Manchester)编码、单极性归零(Unipolar Return to Zero，URZ)编码、差动双相(Differential Binary Phase，DBP)编码、米勒(Miller)编码和差动编码。即可以使用不同的脉冲信号表示0和1。
·NRZ编码；反向不归零编码用高电平表示二进制“1”，低电平表示二进制“0”，图5中NRZ编码示出了使用NRZ方法编码二进制数据：101100101001011的电平示意图。
·曼彻斯特编码；曼彻斯特编码也被称为分相编码(Split-Phase Coding)。在曼彻斯特编码中，二进制数值由该位长度内半个位周期时电平的变化(上升或下降)表示，在半个位周期时的负跳变表示二进制“1”，半个位周期时的正跳变表示二进制“0”，数据传输的错误是指在当多个电子标签同时发送的数据位有不同值时，接收的上升边和下降边互相抵消，导致在整个位长度内是不间断的载波信号。曼彻斯特编码在位长度内，不可能存在没有变化的状态。读写器利用该错误就可以判定碰撞发生的具体位置。曼彻斯特编码有利于发现数据传输的错误，在采用载波的负载调制或者反向散射调制时，通常用于从电子标签到读写器的数据传输。图5中曼彻斯特编码示出了使用曼彻斯特方法编码二进制数据：101100101001011的电平示意图。
·URZ编码；单极性归零编码在第一个半个位周期中的高电平表示二进制“1”，而持续整个位周期内的低电平信号表示二进制“1”，图5中URZ编码示出了使用URZ方法编码二进制数据：101100101001011的电平示意图。
·DBP编码；差动双相编码在半个位周期中的任意的边沿表示二进制“0”，没有边沿表示二进制“1”，此外，在每个位周期开始时，电平都要反相。对接收器来说，位节拍比较容易重建。图5中DBP编码示出了使用DBP方法编码二进制数据：101100101001011的电平示意图。
·米勒编码；米勒编码在半个位周期内的任意边沿表示二进制“1”，而经过下一个位周期中不变的电平表示二进制“0”。位周期开始时产生电平交变，对接收器来说，位节拍比较容易重建。图5中米勒编码示出了使用米勒方法编码二进制数据：101100101001011的电平示意图。
·差动编码；差动编码中，每个要传输的二进制“1”都会引起信号电平的变化，而对于二进制“0”，信号电平保持不变。
接下来，对零功耗设备的分类进行介绍：
基于零功耗设备的能量来源以及使用方式可以将零功耗设备分为如下类型：
·无源零功耗设备；
零功耗设备不需要内装电池，零功耗设备接近网络设备时，零功耗设备处于网络设备天线辐射形成的近场范围内，示例性的，网络设备是射频识别技术(Radio Frequency Identification，RFID)系统的读写器。因此，零功耗设备天线通过电磁感应产生感应电流，感应电流驱动零功耗设备的低功耗芯片电路。实现对前向链路信号的解调，以及后向链路的信号调制等工作。对于反向散射链路，零功耗设备可使用反向散射或极低功耗的主动发射方式进行信号的传输。无源零功耗设备无论是前向链路还是反向链路都不需要内置电池来驱动，是一种真正意义的零功耗设备。无源零功耗设备不需要电池，射频电路以及基带电路都非常简单，例如不需要LNA、PA、晶振、模数转换器(Analog to Digital Converter，ADC)等器件，具有体积小、重量轻、价格非常便宜、使用寿命长等诸多优点。
·半无源零功耗设备；
半无源零功耗设备自身不安装常规电池，可使用射频能量采集模块采集无线电波能量，同时将采集的能量存储于一个储能单元中，示例性的，储能单元是电容。储能单元获得能量后，可以驱动零功耗设备的低功耗芯片电路。实现对前向链路信号的解调，以及后向链路的信号调制等工作。对于反向散射链路，零功耗设备可使用反向散射或极低功耗的主动发射方式进行信号的传输。
半无源零功耗设备无论是前向链路还是反向链路都不需要内置电池来驱动，工作中使用的电容储存的能量来源于射频能量采集模块采集的无线电能量，是一种真正意义的零功耗设备。半无源零功耗设备继承了无源零功耗设备的诸多优点，比如：具有体积小、重量轻、价格非常便宜、使用寿命长等诸多优点。
·有源零功耗设备；
有些场景下使用的零功耗设备也可以为有源零功耗设备，该类零功耗设备可以内置电池。电池用于驱动零功耗设备的低功耗芯片电路。实现对前向链路信号的解调，以及后向链路的信号调制等工作。但对于反向散射链路，零功耗设备可使用反向散射或极低功耗的主动发射方式进行信号的传输。因此，有源零功耗设备的零功耗主要体现于反向链路的信号传输不需要消耗零功耗设备自身功率，而是使用反向散射的方式。在有源零功耗设备中，内置电池向RFID芯片供电，增加标签的读写距离，提高通信的可靠性。因此 在一些对通信距离、读取时延等方面要求相对较高的场景得以应用。
接下来，对基于发射机类型对零功耗设备的分类进行介绍：
(1)基于反向散射的零功耗设备；
这类零功耗设备使用如上述反向散射的方式进行上行数据传输。这类零功耗设备不具备主动发射的有源发射机，仅具备反向散射的发射机。因此，在该类零功耗设备进行上行数据发送时，需要网络设备提供载波，该类零功耗设备基于载波进行反向散射从而实现上行数据传输。
(2)基于有源发射机的零功耗设备；
这类零功耗设备使用具备主动发射能力的有源发射机进行上行数据传输，因此该类零功耗设备在上行数据发送时，使用自身的有源发射机即可以发送上行数据，而不需要网络设备提供载波。适用于零功耗设备的有源发射机例如可以是超低功耗的ASK发射机、超低功耗的FSK发射机等，基于目前的实现，这类发射机在发射100微瓦的信号情况下，其整体功耗可以降低至400～600微瓦。
(3)同时具备反向散射以及有源发射机的零功耗设备；
这类零功耗设备既可支持反向散射，又可支持有源发射机。零功耗设备可以根据不同的情况(如不同电量的情况，不同可用的环境能源的情况)，或者基于网络设备的调度来确定是使用反向散射方式还是使用主动发射机进行主动发送。
接下来，对蜂窝物联网进行介绍：
蜂窝物联网蓬勃发展，如第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project，3GPP)已经标准化了窄带物联网(NarrowBand-Internet of Things，NB-IoT)、机器类通信(Machine-Type Communications，MTC)、RedCap等物联网技术，但仍有很多场景下的物联网通信需求无法得到满足，例如：
·严苛的通信环境；
某些物联网场景，可能面临高温、极低温、高湿、高压、高辐射或高速运动等极端环境。如超高压变电站、高速运动的列车车轨监测、高寒地带环境监测、工业产线等。在这些场景中，受限于常规电源的工作环境限制，现有物联网终端设备将无法工作。另外，极端的工作环境也不利于物联网终端设备的维护，如更换电池。
·极小尺寸的终端形态需求；
某些物联网通信场景，如食品溯源、商品流通以及智能可穿戴等要求终端具备极小的尺寸以方便在这些场景下使用。例如，用于流通环节上商品管理的物联网终端设备通常使用电子标签的形式，以非常小巧的形态嵌入到商品包装。再例如，轻巧的可穿戴式物联网终端设备可以在满足用户需求的同时提升用户使用体验。
·极低成本的物联网通信需求；
众多的物联网通信场景要求物联网终端设备的成本足够低廉，从而提升相对于其他可替代的技术的竞争力。如物流或仓储场景，为了便于管理大量流通的物品，可以将物联网终端设备附着在每一件物品上，从而通过该物联网终端设备与物流网络之间的通信完成物流全过程、全周期的精确管理。这些场景要求物联网终端设备的价格具备足够竞争力。
因此，为了覆盖这些未满足的物联网通信需求，蜂窝物联网中也需要研发超低成本、极小尺寸、免电池/免维护的物联网，而零功耗物联网恰好可以满足这些需求。
零功耗物联网，又称Ambient IoT，或称之为无源物联网(passive IoT)。Ambient IoT设备指使用各种环境能量，如无线射频能、光能、太阳能、热能、机械能等各种环境能驱动自身的IoT设备。这种设备可以没有能量储备能力，也可以具备非常有限的能量储存能力(如使用几十微法容量的电容)。相比现有的IoT设备，Ambient IoT设备具备免常规电池、免维护、体积尺寸小、低复杂度低成本、长寿命周期等诸多优势。
零功耗物联网可以至少用于如下四类场景：
(1)物体识别，如物流、生产线产品的管理、供应链管理；
(2)环境监测，如工作环境、自然环境的温度、湿度、有害气体监测；
(3)定位，如室内定位、智能寻物、产线物品定位等；
(4)智能控制，如对智能家居中各类电器的智能控制(开关空调，调整温度)，农业大棚各类设施的智能控制(自动浇灌，施肥)。
未来蜂窝无源物联网或WLAN无源物联网中，或者Ambient IoT中，可以支持新型的Ambient IoT设备，从而在不同的应用场景下完成相应类型的物联网通信需求。Ambient IoT设备不需要电池，射频电路以及基带电路都非常简单，例如不需要LNA，PA，晶振，ADC等器件，因此具有体积小、重量轻、价格非常便宜、使用寿命长、免维护等诸多优点。
Ambient IoT设备可能会使用于如下两类场景：
(1)物品寻找；
Ambient IoT设备可以被贴到个人物品如护照、身份证等，当人们发现找不到这些物品时，可以使用路由器或智能手机来向贴到个人物品上的Ambient IoT设备发送无线信号(例如手机上安装了寻找物品的应用程序，可以通过应用程序打开寻找物品的功能)，Ambient IoT设备采集到足够能量后开始工作。
此时，路由器或智能手机可以部署一个WiFi网络，Ambient IoT设备快速接入该WiFi网络并与该WiFi网络进行通信，从而使得路由器或智能手机获得Ambient IoT设备的身份和/或位置信息。借助于这样的过程，可以实现物品寻找的功能。
(2)物品的快速识别与盘点；
在物流场景，Ambient IoT设备可以被贴到物品包装上或容器上。当物流物品到达物流站时，物流站需要进行快速的入库盘点。类似地，出库时也需要进行快速的出库盘点。
在入库或者出库时(可以通过第三方技术如红外或超声波检测到物流车临近)，可以使用路由器或智能手机来向物流物品上的Ambient IoT设备发送无线信号，Ambient IoT设备采集到足够能量后开始工作。此时，路由器或智能手机可以部署一个WiFi网络，Ambient IoT设备快速接入该WiFi网络并与该WiFi网络进行通信，从而使得路由器或智能手机获得Ambient IoT设备的身份信息。借助于这样的过程，可以实现物品的快速识别与盘点功能。
在上述Ambient IoT设备的应用案例中，Ambient IoT设备都是在无电状态时，接收到网络发送的无线信号，从而转换到工作状态。如何在这样的过程中，快速地实现与网络的同步、快速获得网络的配置信息，是一个亟待解决的问题。目前的WLAN系统，网络设备通过发送信标帧，零功耗设备基于信标帧获得与网络的同步并读取其携带的系统信息(如网络的能力、系统配置参数等)。如图6所示，信标帧610按照周期T进行周期性发送，在零功耗设备(Ambient IoT设备)唤醒时间T0，零功耗设备进入工作状态，开始搜索被唤醒后接收到的第一个信标帧610。
然而，相关技术中信标帧一般采取周期性发送，若信标帧发送的周期过长，对于Ambient IoT设备来说，会导致Ambient IoT设备获得与网络的同步以及系统信息的时间过长，这一方面增大业务时延，另一方面增大Ambient IoT设备搜索信标帧的时间，进而增加Ambient IoT设备的功耗；但若信标帧发送的周期过短，过多的信标帧又会导致较大的系统开销。
针对上述问题，本申请实施例提出了一种广播帧的通信方法，图7示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的广播帧的通信方法的流程图，该方法由零功耗设备140和网络设备120执行，该方法包括：
步骤710：零功耗设备140接收第一广播帧。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧。也可理解为，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上补充发送或额外发送的广播帧。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧在周期性发送的第二广播帧之间发送；和/或，第一广播帧在第一个第二广播帧之前发送；和/或，第一广播帧在最后一个第二广播帧之后发送。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧在第一时域位置发送，周期性的第二广播帧在第二时域位置发送，第一时域位置与第二时域位置不同。
在一些实施例中，网络设备120非周期性地发送第一广播帧或周期性地发送第一广播帧。第一广播帧用于零功耗设备140与无线网络进行时频同步、获得系统信息、获取供能能量、获取调度信息中的至少一种功能。时频同步包括时域同步和频域同步中的至少一种。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧在指定的搜索空间内发送，该搜索空间可以是针对零功耗设备专属设置的。零功耗设备在该指定的搜索空间内监听第一广播帧。在一些实施例中，第一广播帧在指定的资源池内发送，该资源池可以是针对零功耗设备专属设置的。
在一些实施例中，无线网络是WiFi/WLAN网络，第一广播帧为第一信标帧，第一信标帧用于零功耗设备140与无线网络进行时频同步、获得系统信息、获取供能能量、获取调度信息中的至少一种功能。
在一些实施例中，无线网络是蜂窝通信网络，第一广播帧是用于携带同步信号和/或系统信息的广播帧。由于蜂窝通信网络包括不断演进的多代网络，用于携带同步信号和/或系统信息的广播帧在不同的蜂窝通信网络的称呼可能不同，例如在5G系统中称呼为同步信号/物理广播信道块(Synchronization Signal/physical broadcast channel Block，SSB)，在第四代通信(4th-Generation，4G)系统中称呼为物理广播信道(Physical Broadcast CHannel，PBCH)，本申请实施例对该称呼不加以限定，以第一广播帧为例进行说明。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧是网络设备120在存在触发事件的情况下发送的。该触发事件用于指示零功耗设备140具有对同步信号和系统信息中的至少一种的获取需求。示意性的，触发事件包括物流场景中的物流车到达事件、仓储场景中的仓库盘点事件中至少之一。
在物流场景，网络设备120通过感知(例如通过声波感应、运动感应等方式)物流车的到达，在物流车到达时，网络设备120开启对物流车上的物品(零功耗设备140)的盘点过程，这时零功耗设备140具 有对同步信号和系统信息中的至少一种的获取需求。
在仓储场景，需要对仓库内的物品进行盘点时，仓库内的物品(零功耗设备140)具有对同步信号和系统信息中的至少一种的获取需求。
在一些实施例中，零功耗设备140接收到网络设备120发送的无线信号，对无线信号进行能量采集获得能量，从而转换到工作状态，在此情况下，零功耗设备140需要寻找网络设备120提供的无线网络，与无线网络建立时频同步，进而获得系统信息。示意性的，零功耗设备140通过接收时间位置较接近的第一广播帧，快速完成时频同步以及获得系统信息，从而快速进入工作状态。
在一些实施例中，至少一个第一广播帧在第一时间窗口内传输。至少一个第一广播帧中还携带有第一时间窗口的指示信息。当第一时间窗口内的第一广播帧为多个时，多个第一广播帧中的全部或部分广播帧中携带有第一时间窗口的指示信息。
在一些实施例中，第一时间窗口采用：窗口起点+窗口长度的方式来表示。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧所占用的第一时域位置和剩余时间表示第一时间窗口的长度。也即，可以在全部或部分的第一广播帧中携带有第一时间窗口的剩余时间。例如在除最后一个第一广播帧之外的每个第一广播帧中携带有剩余时间。某一个第一广播帧携带的剩余时间为1000毫秒，用于表示从该第一广播帧的时域位置开始，第一时间窗口的剩余时间为1000毫秒。
在一些实施例中，当前的第一广播帧携带有下一个第一广播帧的时域位置的指示信息，在存在该指示信息的情况下，表示第一时间窗口尚未结束且指示下一个第一广播帧的时域位置；在不存在该指示信息的情况下表示第一时间窗口在第一广播帧的时域位置后结束。
综上所述，本实施例提供的方法通过接收第一广播帧，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧，用于帮助零功耗设备完成时频同步以及获得系统信息，从而增加了广播帧的传输机会，减少了完成时频同步的时间，加快了网络设备与零功耗设备的通信过程，并且减少了零功耗设备接收广播帧的等待时间，降低了零功耗设备的功耗。
图8示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的广播帧的通信方法的流程图，该方法由零功耗设备140和网络设备120执行，该方法包括：
步骤810：零功耗设备140接收第二广播帧。
在一些实施例中，网络设备120周期性地发送第二广播帧。零功耗设备140周期性地接收第二广播帧。第二广播帧用于零功耗设备140与无线网络进行时频同步、获取系统信息、获取供能能量、获取调度信息中的至少一种功能。时频同步包括时域同步和频域同步中的至少一种。
在一些实施例中，无线网络是WiFi/WLAN网络，第二广播帧为第二信标帧，第二信标帧用于零功耗设备140周期性地与无线网络进行时频同步、获得系统信息、获取供能能量、获取调度信息中的至少一种功能。
在一些实施例中，无线网络包括蜂窝通信网络，第二广播帧为用于承载同步信号和系统信息的帧。由于蜂窝通信网络包括不断演进的多代网络，用于承载同步信号和系统信息的信息结构在不同的蜂窝通信网络的称呼可能不同，本申请实施例对该称呼不加以限定。
步骤820：零功耗设备140接收第一广播帧。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧。也可理解为，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上补充发送或额外发送的广播帧。
在一些实施例中，网络设备120非周期性地发送第一广播帧或周期性地发送第一广播帧。
步骤820和步骤810的执行顺序本申请实施例不加以限定，步骤820的具体实施细节参考图7实施例的步骤710，此处不再赘述。
步骤830：基于第一广播帧和第二广播帧中的至少之一，零功耗设备140完成与无线网络进行时频同步、获得系统信息、获取供能能量、获取调度信息中的至少一种功能。
其中，调度信息包括随机接入资源的调度信息。
在一些实施例中，在仅基于第一广播帧的情况下，通过第一广播帧中的同步信号进行时频同步，通过第一广播帧携带的系统信息获取系统信息，通过第一广播帧携带的无线能量获取供能能量，通过第一广播帧携带的调度信息获取调度信息。
在一些实施例中，在仅基于第二广播帧的情况下，通过第二广播帧中的同步信号进行时频同步，通过第二广播帧携带的系统信息获取系统信息，通过第二广播帧携带的无线能量获取供能能量，通过第二广播帧携带的调度信息获取调度信息。
在一些实施例中，在先接收到第一广播帧，后接收到第二广播帧的情况下，基于第一广播帧完成部分功能，基于第二广播帧完成剩余功能。例如通过第一广播帧中的同步信号进行时频同步，通过第一广播帧携带的系统信息获取系统信息，通过第一广播帧携带的无线能量获取供能能量，通过第二广播帧携带的调 度信息获取调度信息。
在一些实施例中，在先接收到第二广播帧，后接收到第一广播帧的情况下，基于第二广播帧完成部分功能，基于第一广播帧完成剩余功能。例如通过第二广播帧中的同步信号进行时频同步，通过第二广播帧携带的系统信息获取系统信息，通过第二广播帧携带的无线能量获取供能能量，通过第一广播帧携带的调度信息获取调度信息。
其中，部分功能是上述时频同步、获得系统信息、获取供能能量、获取调度信息中的一部分功能，剩余功能是上述功能中除部分功能之外所剩余的全部功能或部分功能。
在一些实施例中，零功耗设备也可能会使用至少三个广播帧来完成上述功能，对此不加以限定。至少三个广播帧包括的第一广播帧和/或第二广播帧的数量不限制。
综上所述，本实施例提供的方法通过接收第一广播帧，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧，用于帮助零功耗设备完成时频同步以及获得系统信息，从而增加了广播帧的传输机会，减少了完成时频同步的时间，加快了网络设备与零功耗设备的通信过程，并且减少了零功耗设备接收广播帧的等待时间，降低了零功耗设备的功耗。
本实施例提供的方法还通过接收周期发送的第二广播帧，周期性地完成时频同步以及更新系统信息，保持零功耗设备的稳定性。
图9示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的广播帧的通信方法的流程图，该方法由零功耗设备执行，该方法包括：
步骤910：接收第一广播帧。
其中，第一广播帧在周期性发送的第二广播帧之间发送，和/或，在第一个第二广播帧之前发送，和/或，在最后一个第二广播帧之后发送。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧。也可理解为，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上补充发送或额外发送的广播帧。
在一些实施例中，在网络设备是WiFi系统中的设备的情况下，第一广播帧为第一信标帧，第一信标帧用于零功耗设备快速与网络建立时频同步以及获得系统信息。
在一些实施例中，在网络设备是蜂窝通信系统中的设备的情况下，第一广播帧为系统广播信息，系统广播信息用于广播同步信号和系统信息，例如5G系统中的SSB。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧是网络设备发送的，网络设备是WiFi系统中的设备，和/或，蜂窝通信系统(或称移动通信系统)中的设备。
在一些实施例中，接收第一广播帧，以及接收第二广播帧。
其中，第一广播帧是网络设备补充发送的广播帧或额外发送的广播帧，由网络设备非周期性发送或周期性发送；第二广播帧是由网络设备周期性发送的广播帧。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧在指定的搜索空间内发送，该搜索空间可以是针对零功耗设备专属设置的。零功耗设备在该指定的搜索空间内监听第一广播帧。在一些实施例中，第一广播帧在指定的资源池内发送，该资源池可以是针对零功耗设备专属设置的。
第二广播帧为第二信标帧或系统广播信息，第二信标帧用于零功耗设备周期性地与网络建立时频同步，获得系统信息，示例性的，周期为100毫秒。
第二信标帧是周期性发送的信标帧，可以携带性能信息(Capability Information)、服务集标识(Service Set IDentifier，SSID)等信息。
在一些实施例中，第二信标帧包括前导码部分和数据部分，前导码部分用于指示数据传输的开始，并帮助接收设备(零功耗设备)确定有效的数据部分。前导码部分包含了一组特定的信号，用于同步接收设备(零功耗设备)和发送设备(网络设备)之间的时钟。
在一些实施例中，网络设备配置第一广播帧的发送位置、发送次数、发送的时间窗口长度和下一个第二广播帧的发送位置中的至少一种。零功耗设备接收第一广播帧的发送位置、发送次数、发送的时间窗口长度和下一个第二广播帧的发送位置中的至少一种。下一个第二广播帧的发送位置可以是一个绝对时间位置，也可以是相对于当前的第一广播帧的偏移位置。
在一些实施例中，网络设备发送至少一个第一广播帧。
在信号强度大于第一阈值的情况下，网络设备发送一个第一广播帧，例如在路由器附近时，一个第一广播帧就能够帮助零功耗设备完成时频同步和获得全部系统信息，第一阈值由本领域技术人员预设置；
在信号强度小于第二阈值的情况下，网络设备发送多个第一广播帧，例如离路由器较远时，需要多个第一广播帧才能够帮助零功耗设备完成时频同步和获得全部系统信息，第二阈值由本领域技术人员预设置。
上述信号强度可以是零功耗设备向网络设备发送信号和/或数据时的信号强度。示例性的，第一阈值大 于或等于第二阈值。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧采用周期性发送方式；或，第一广播帧采用非周期性发送方式。
在一些实施例中，非周期性发送方式包括如下至少之一：
连续发送方式；或，
不连续发送方式；或，
突发发送方式；
其中，连续发送方式表示第一广播帧被一个接着一个发送n次，发送过程中不存在发送间隔的发送方式，n为大于1的整数；不连续发送方式表示第一广播帧的发送过程中存在发送间隔的发送方式，发送间隔可能是周期性的，也可能不是周期性的；突发发送方式表示第一广播帧随时发送的发送方式，与不连续发送方式相比，通常两次发送之间存在的发送间隔更长，且更具有随机性。
如图10所示，第一广播帧为第一信标帧1010，第二广播帧为第二信标帧1020，网络设备按照周期T周期性地发送第二信标帧1020，并在第一个第二信标帧1020和第二个第二信标帧1020之间非周期性地发送了共4个第一信标帧1010，其中，前3个第一信标帧1010采用连续发送方式，第4个第一信标帧1010采用不连续发送方式。
如图11所示，第一广播帧为第一信标帧1110，第二广播帧为第二信标帧1120，网络设备周期发送第二信标帧1120，并在第一个第二信标帧1120之前采用突发发送方式，发送了共4个第一信标帧1110，其中，前3个第一信标帧1110采用连续发送方式，第4个第一信标帧1110采用不连续发送方式。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构相同。
示例性的，第一广播帧为第一信标帧，第二广播帧为第二信标帧，第一信标帧和第二信标帧的结构相同：前导码部分在前，数据部分在后。两者具有相同的前导码部分，数据部分长度、码率关键参数相同，携带相同种类的配置信息，大部分参数取值相同，小部分参数取值不同，例如时间戳信息会随着两种信标帧发送的时间位置而发生变化。
前导码部分包括：传统短训练域(Legacy Short Traing Field，L-STF)、传统长训练域(Legacy Long Traing Field，L-LTF)、传统信号(Legacy SIGnal，L-SIG)域。其中，L-STF包含一个指定和唯一的波形，容易被接收设备(零功耗设备)检测到，L-STF的功能包括如下至少之一：封包检测、自动增益控制(Automatic Gain Control，AGC)、初始的频率偏移估计、初始的时间同步。L-LTF也包含一个指定和唯一的波形，但和L-STF的不完全一样，L-LTF的功能包括如下至少之一：信道估计、更精准的频率偏移估计、更精准的时间同步。L-SIG域包括发送速率(transmit rate)、编码方式(coding scheme)、保护间隔(guard interval)和长度(length)等信息，用于计算数据分包的持续时间。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构不同。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构不同，包括如下至少之一：
(1)第一广播帧和第二广播帧使用的前导码不同；
(2)第一广播帧和第二广播帧的前导码序列长度不同；
(3)第一广播帧的数据部分的信息种类小于第二广播帧的数据部分的信息种类，或，第一广播帧的数据部分的信息种类大于第二广播帧的数据部分的信息种类；
(4)第一广播帧的数据部分的码率小于第二广播帧的数据部分的码率。
以第一广播帧为第一信标帧，第二广播帧为第二信标帧举例说明：
采用(1)和(2)的设计，可以提供不同的同步性能，例如第一信标帧的前导码序列长度比第二信标帧的前导码序列长度更长，就可以包含更多的同步信号，提高零功耗设备识别数据部分的概率和精度，从而提供更好的同步性能。
采用(3)的设计，在第一信标帧的数据部分的信息种类小于第二信标帧的数据部分的信息种类的情况下，例如仅包括时间戳、第二信标帧的周期等信息，可以快速向零功耗设备传输关键信息，较少的数据部分也可以提高零功耗设备的接收概率。在第一信标帧的数据部分的信息种类大于第二信标帧的数据部分的信息种类的情况下，可以直接向零功耗设备传输系统信息，帮助零功耗设备建立时频同步。
采用(4)的设计，在第一信标帧的数据部分的码率小于第二信标帧的数据部分的码率的情况下，可以提高零功耗设备成功接收信标帧的概率。
在一些实施例中，在WiFi/WLAN系统中，第二广播帧的周期与部分配置关联，例如第二信标帧可以携带流量指示图(Traffic Indication Map，TIM)指示，用来向零功耗设备发送是否有下行数据需要传输的信息，TIM的周期是第二信标帧的周期的整数倍。每一个信标帧中都有TIM，TIM中包含一个比特位图控制(bitmap control)字段，每一位映射一个零功耗设备，当为1时表示该位对应的零功耗设备有下行数据缓存在网络设备中。
又例如，限制性接入窗口(Restricted Access Window，RAW)的配置可以在第二信标帧中指示，在RAW 期间，零功耗设备与网络设备传输数据，RAW配置在第二信标帧之后。RAW的关键思想是限制能够访问信道的站点集，并将它们的访问尝试分散到较长的时间段上，从而减少干扰，提高通信的可靠性和效率。
在一些实施例中，在网络设备既发送了第一广播帧和第二广播帧的情况下，零功耗设备需要区分二者，这是由于：
第一，无论是基于第一广播帧还是第二广播帧完成时频同步、获得系统信息之后，零功耗设备都需要周期性地基于第二广播帧来维持时频同步。因此需要确定第二广播帧的位置。
第二，第二广播帧可随时发送新的系统信息，如RAW的配置。零功耗设备也需要基于第二广播帧获得新的系统信息。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧采用如下方式中的至少一种区分：
·位于信息域中的类型指示；
·前导码；
·信号信息(SIGnal Information，SIG)域。
示例性的，使用信标介质访问控制(Media Access Control，MAC)头部的帧控制域(Frame Control field，FC)来进行类型指示，FC包括帧类型字段、子类型字段等字段，其中，帧类型字段指定数据帧的类型，子类型字段指定更具体的数据帧子类型；
或，通过前导码指示，第一广播帧和第二广播帧使用不同的前导码序列的设计，从而区分二者；
或，使用前导码中的SIG域(即L-SIG域)指示，SIG域包括关于信道状态的信息，如信噪比、速率、频率等。零功耗设备可以通过解码和分析SIG域中的信号参数来识别信道状态，从而调整传输速率。第一广播帧和第二广播帧使用SIG域中不同的比特取值，也能够实现对第一广播帧和第二广播帧的区分。
在一些实施例中，零功耗设备在唤醒后，可能先搜索到第一广播帧，也可能先搜索到第二广播帧，零功耗设备基于二者中的任意一种完成时频同步以及获得系统信息。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧中携带有下一个第二广播帧的时域位置信息，该时域位置信息可以是一个绝对时间位置，也可以是相对于当前的第一广播帧的偏移位置。
如图12所示，第一广播帧为第一信标帧1210，第二广播帧为第二信标帧1220，网络设备周期性地发送第二信标帧1220，并在第一个第二信标帧1220和第二个第二信标帧1220之间非周期性地发送了共4个第一信标帧1210。每个第一信标帧1210都携带有下一个第二信标帧1220的时域位置信息。例如，第一个第一信标帧1210携带下一个第二信标帧1220(即第二个第二信标帧1220)的时域位置信息，是在其之后T2的时域位置；第四个第一信标帧1210携带下一个第二信标帧1220(即第二个第二信标帧1220)的时域位置信息，是在其之后T1的时域位置。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧是网络设备在存在触发事件的情况下发送的。
在一些实施例中，网络设备根据触发事件触发第一广播帧的发送，即在零功耗设备对完成时频同步以及获取系统信息存在需求的情况下，例如在寻找物品事件中，可以在触发寻找物品事件时，网络设备发送无线电波向零功耗设备供能，并且向零功耗设备发送第一广播帧和第二广播帧。例如先发送第一广播帧，再发送第二广播帧；或在周期性发送的第二广播帧之间发送第一广播帧。
在一些实施例中，触发事件包括如下至少之一：
·寻找物品事件；
·物流车到达事件；
·仓库盘点事件。
示例性的，在物流场景，网络设备通过感知(例如通过声波感应、运动感应等方式)物流车的到达，在物流车到达时，网络设备开启对物流车上的物品(零功耗设备)的盘点过程，这时网络设备可以发送无线电波向零功耗设备供能，并且向零功耗设备发送第一广播帧和第二广播帧。
类似地，在仓储场景，在需要对仓库内的物品(零功耗设备)进行盘点时，网络设备可以发送无线电波向零功耗设备供能，并且向零功耗设备发送第一广播帧和第二广播帧。
在上述场景中，通过这样的操作，可以使得寻找物品、仓库盘点过程开启的瞬间，快速向零功耗设备发送足够数量的广播帧，使零功耗设备快速完成时频同步、获取系统信息，从而加快上述寻找物品、仓库盘点的速度。
在一些实施例中，至少一个第一广播帧在第一时间窗口内传输。至少一个第一广播帧中还携带有第一时间窗口的指示信息。当第一时间窗口内的第一广播帧为多个时，多个第一广播帧中的全部或部分广播帧中携带有第一时间窗口的指示信息。
在一些实施例中，第一时间窗口采用：窗口起点+窗口长度的方式来表示。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧所占用的第一时域位置和剩余时间表示第一时间窗口的长度。也即，可以在全部或部分的第一广播帧中携带有第一时间窗口的剩余时间。例如在除最后一个第一广播帧之外的每 个第一广播帧中携带有剩余时间。某一个第一广播帧携带的剩余时间为1000毫秒，用于表示从该第一广播帧的时域位置开始，第一时间窗口的剩余时间为1000毫秒。
在一些实施例中，当前的第一广播帧携带有下一个第一广播帧的时域位置的指示信息，在存在该指示信息的情况下，表示第一时间窗口尚未结束且指示下一个第一广播帧的时域位置；在不存在该指示信息的情况下表示第一时间窗口在第一广播帧的时域位置后结束。
综上所述，本实施例提供的方法通过接收第一广播帧，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧，用于帮助零功耗设备完成时频同步以及获得系统信息，从而增加了广播帧的传输机会，减少了完成时频同步的时间，加快了网络设备与零功耗设备的通信过程，并且减少了零功耗设备接收广播帧的等待时间，降低了零功耗设备的功耗。
本实施例提供的方法还通过接收第二广播帧，周期性地完成时频同步以及更新系统信息，保持零功耗设备的稳定性。
本实施例提供的方法还通过将第一广播帧和第二广播帧设计成不同的结构，例如第一信标帧的前导码序列长度比第二信标帧的前导码序列长度更长，提供了更好的同步性能，或第一信标帧的数据部分的码率小于第二信标帧的数据部分的码率，提高了零功耗设备成功接收信标帧的概率。
本实施例提供的方法还通过根据实际事件触发第一广播帧的发送，满足了不同场景下对零功耗设备的需求，提高了零功耗设备的泛用性。
在一些实施例中，针对WiFi系统，第一广播帧为第一信标帧，第二广播帧为第二信标帧；针对蜂窝通信系统，第一广播帧为第一系统信息帧，第二广播帧为第二系统信息帧。
针对WiFi系统的实施例：
图13示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的广播帧的通信方法的流程图，该方法由零功耗设备执行，该方法包括：
步骤1310：接收第一信标帧。
在一些实施例中，第一信标帧用于零功耗设备快速与网络建立时频同步以及获得系统信息。
其中，第一信标帧是网络设备补充发送的广播帧或额外发送的广播帧，由网络设备非周期性发送或周期性发送。
在一些实施例中，第一信标帧在指定的搜索空间内发送，该搜索空间可以是针对零功耗设备专属设置的。零功耗设备在该指定的搜索空间内监听第一信标帧。在一些实施例中，第一信标帧在指定的资源池内发送，该资源池可以是针对零功耗设备专属设置的。
在一些实施例中，第一信标帧采用周期性发送方式；或，
第一信标帧采用非周期性发送方式。
在一些实施例中，非周期性发送方式包括如下至少之一：连续发送方式；或，
不连续发送方式；或，
突发发送方式；
其中，连续发送方式表示第一信标帧被一个接着一个发送n次，发送过程中不存在发送间隔的发送方式，n为大于1的整数；不连续发送方式表示第一信标帧的发送过程中存在发送间隔的发送方式，发送间隔可能是周期性的，也可能不是周期性的；突发发送方式表示第一信标帧随时发送的发送方式，与不连续发送方式相比，通常两次发送之间存在的发送间隔更长，且更具有随机性。
在一些实施例中，第一信标帧的结构格式如图14所示，第一信标帧包括前导码部分和数据部分，包括如下字段至少之一：前导码(Preamble)、帧控制(Frame Control)、目的地址(Destination Address，DA)、源地址(Source Address，SA)、基本服务集标识(Basic Service Set ID，BSSID)、顺序编号(Sequence Number)、帧主体(Frame Body)、帧检验序列(Frame Check Sequence，FCS)。
其中，帧主体字段包括如下子字段(系统信息)中至少之一：时间戳(Timestamp)、信标间隔(Beacon Interval，BI)、性能信息(Capability Info)、服务集标识(SSID)、数据速率、最大传输功率、信道信息、流量指示图(TIM)、BSS负载、服务质量(Quality of Service，QoS)功能、强健安全网络(Robust Security Network，RSN)功能、供应商专有信息。
其中，前导码用于定位第一信标帧的开始和进行信道估计；时间戳指示系统时间；BI用于表示周期性发送时的时间间隔；性能信息用于在发送第一信标帧时，传递网络设备的性能相关信息，包括：是否支持无线电测量的性能信息、是否支持自动省电的性能信息、是否支持服务质量保证的性能信息、是否支持频谱管理的性能信息、是否支持反向散射方式接入网络的性能信息等；SSID表示无线局域网逻辑名；数据速率表示基本速率和支持速率(rates)；最大传输功率表示传输过程中支持的最大功率；信道信息表示网络设备使用的信道；TIM是寻呼过程中使用的字段；BSS负载是指示信道利用率的字段；QoS功能表示QoS和增强型分布式信道访问(Enhanced Distributed Channel Access，EDCA)信息；RSN功能表示临时密钥完 整性协议(Temporal Key Integrity Protocol，TKIP)或计数器模式密码块链消息认证码协议(Counter mode with Cipher-block chaining Message authentication code Protocol，CCMP)密码信息和身份验证机制；供应商专有信息表示供应商唯一或特定于供应商的信息。本申请实施例对第一信标帧包括的字段和子字段的具体种类和字段排序不加以限定，以上述内容为例进行说明。
在一些实施例中，第一信标帧包括部分系统信息，如图15所示，第一信标帧包括的字段与图14所示相同，此处不再赘述，其中，帧主体字段包括如下子字段(系统信息)中至少之一：时间戳(Timestamp)、BI、性能信息(Capability Info)、数据速率、最大传输功率、TIM。本申请实施例对第一信标帧包括的子字段的具体种类和字段排序不加以限定，以上述内容为例进行说明。
步骤1320：接收第二信标帧。
其中，第二信标帧是由网络设备周期性发送的广播帧。
在一些实施例中，第二信标帧用于零功耗设备周期性地与网络建立时频同步，获得系统信息，示例性的，周期为100毫秒。在一些实施例中，第一信标帧和第二信标帧的结构相同，如图14所示，此处不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，第一信标帧和第二信标帧的结构不同，包括如下至少之一：
(1)第一信标帧和第二信标帧使用的前导码不同；
(2)第一信标帧和第二信标帧的前导码序列长度不同；
(3)第一信标帧的数据部分的信息种类小于第二信标帧的数据部分的信息种类，或，第一信标帧的数据部分的信息种类大于第二信标帧的数据部分的信息种类；
(4)第一信标帧的数据部分的码率小于第二信标帧的数据部分的码率。
采用(1)和(2)的设计，可以提供不同的同步性能，例如第一信标帧的前导码序列长度比第二信标帧的前导码序列长度更长，就可以包含更多的同步信号，提高零功耗设备识别数据部分的概率和精度，从而提供更好的同步性能。
采用(3)的设计，在第一信标帧的数据部分的信息种类小于第二信标帧的数据部分的信息种类的情况下，例如仅包括时间戳、第二信标帧的周期等信息，可以快速向零功耗设备传输关键信息，较少的数据部分也可以提高零功耗设备的接收概率。在第一信标帧的数据部分的信息种类大于第二信标帧的数据部分的信息种类的情况下，可以直接向零功耗设备传输系统信息，帮助零功耗设备建立时频同步。
采用(4)的设计，在第一信标帧的数据部分的码率小于第二信标帧的数据部分的码率的情况下，可以提高零功耗设备成功接收信标帧的概率。
在一些实施例中，第一信标帧和第二信标帧的结构不同，第二信标帧的结构如图14所示，第一信标帧的结构如图15所示，第一信标帧是第二信标帧的简化版，例如第一信标帧不包括SSID、信道信息、BSS负载、QoS功能、RSN功能、供应商专有信息中的至少一个字段，本申请实施例对简化内容不加以限定，以上述内容为例进行说明。
在一些实施例中，零功耗设备通过第一信标帧获取部分系统信息，再通过第二信标帧获取其余部分系统信息，示例性的，第一信标帧包括时间戳、BI、是否支持无线电测量的性能信息、是否支持自动省电的性能信息、是否支持反向散射方式接入网络的性能信息、数据速率、最大传输功率、TIM，第二信标帧包括上述全部系统信息。本申请实施例对包括的部分系统信息不加以限定，以上述内容为例进行说明。
步骤1330：基于第一信标帧和第二信标帧中的至少之一，完成与无线网络进行时频同步、获得系统信息、获取供能能量、获取调度信息中的至少一种功能。
在一些实施例中，在仅基于第一信标帧的情况下，通过第一信标帧中的时间戳进行时频同步，通过第一信标帧携带的系统信息获取系统信息，通过第一信标帧携带的无线能量获取供能能量，通过第一信标帧携带的调度信息获取调度信息。
在一些实施例中，在仅基于第二信标帧的情况下，通过第二信标帧中的时间戳进行时频同步，通过第二信标帧携带的系统信息获取系统信息，通过第二信标帧携带的无线能量获取供能能量，通过第二信标帧携带的调度信息获取调度信息。
在一些实施例中，在先接收到第二信标帧，后接收到第一信标帧的情况下，基于第二信标帧完成部分功能，基于第一信标帧完成剩余功能。例如通过第二信标帧中的时间戳进行时频同步，通过第二信标帧携带的系统信息获取系统信息，通过第二信标帧携带的无线能量获取供能能量，通过第一信标帧携带的调度信息获取调度信息。
在一些实施例中，在先接收到第一信标帧，后接收到第二信标帧的情况下，基于第一信标帧完成部分功能，基于第二信标帧完成剩余功能。例如通过第一信标帧中的时间戳进行时频同步，通过第一信标帧携带的系统信息获取系统信息，通过第一信标帧携带的无线能量获取供能能量，通过第二信标帧携带的调度信息获取调度信息。
或，通过第一信标帧中的时间戳进行时频同步，通过第一信标帧携带的部分系统信息例如BI、最大传输功率、TIM、下一个第二信标帧的时域位置信息，从而获取部分系统信息，再基于下一个第二信标帧的时域位置信息，从下一个第二信标帧中获取其余部分系统信息，通过第一信标帧携带的无线能量获取供能能量，通过第二信标帧携带的调度信息获取调度信息。
或，通过第一信标帧中的时间戳进行时频同步，通过第一信标帧携带的部分系统信息例如BI、最大传输功率、TIM、下一个第一信标帧的时域位置信息，从而获取部分系统信息，再基于下一个第一信标帧的时域位置信息，从下一个第一信标帧中获取其余部分系统信息，通过第一信标帧携带的无线能量获取供能能量，通过第二信标帧携带的调度信息获取调度信息。
其中，部分功能是上述时频同步、获得系统信息、获取供能能量、获取调度信息中的一部分功能，剩余功能是上述功能中除部分功能之外所剩余的全部功能或部分功能。
在一些实施例中，零功耗设备也可能会使用至少三个信标帧来完成上述功能，对此不加以限定。至少三个信标帧包括的第一信标帧和/或第二信标帧的数量不限制。
在本实施例中，步骤1310和步骤1320是可选的，在不同实施例中，可对这些步骤中的一个或多个步骤进行省略或替代，例如省略步骤1320，仅接收第一信标帧。
步骤1310和步骤1330可作为独立实施例来实施；步骤1320和步骤1330可作为独立实施例来实施；但不限于此。
步骤1310可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为信标帧的接收方法；
步骤1320可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为信标帧的接收方法；
步骤1330可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为信标帧的通信方法。
针对蜂窝通信系统的实施例：
图16示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的广播帧的通信方法的流程图，该方法由零功耗设备执行，该方法包括：
步骤1610：接收第一广播帧。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧是用于携带同步信号和/或系统信息的广播帧。
其中，第一广播帧是网络设备补充发送的广播帧或额外发送的广播帧，由网络设备非周期性发送或周期性发送。
在一些实施例中，用于携带同步信号和/或系统信息的广播帧在不同的蜂窝通信网络的称呼可能不同，例如在5G系统中称呼为SSB，4G系统中称呼为PBCH。本申请实施例对该称呼不加以限定，以第一广播帧为例进行说明。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧在指定的搜索空间内发送，该搜索空间可以是针对零功耗设备专属设置的。零功耗设备在该指定的搜索空间内监听第一广播帧。在一些实施例中，第一广播帧在指定的资源池内发送，该资源池可以是针对零功耗设备专属设置的。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧采用周期性发送方式；或，
第一广播帧采用非周期性发送方式。
在一些实施例中，非周期性发送方式包括如下至少之一：连续发送方式；或，
不连续发送方式；或，
突发发送方式；
其中，连续发送方式表示第一广播帧被一个接着一个发送n次，发送过程中不存在发送间隔的发送方式，n为大于1的整数；不连续发送方式表示第一广播帧的发送过程中存在发送间隔的发送方式，发送间隔可能是周期性的，也可能不是周期性的；突发发送方式表示第一广播帧随时发送的发送方式，与不连续发送方式相比，通常两次发送之间存在的发送间隔更长，且更具有随机性。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧携带的系统信息包括如下至少之一：信道号、信道带宽、时间戳、子载波间隔信息、系统帧号(System Frame Number，SFN)、寻呼信息。
其中，信道号指示网络设备选择传输数据的信道；信道带宽指示传输数据的信道的频率范围；时间戳指示系统时间；子载波间隔信息指示子载波之间的间隔；SFN标识系统帧的顺序，用于同步信息；寻呼信息用于向零功耗设备发送资源分配配置或指定操作指示。本申请实施例对第一广播帧承载的系统信息的具体种类不加以限定，以上述内容为例进行说明。
步骤1620：接收第二广播帧。
其中，第二广播帧是由网络设备周期性发送的广播帧。
在一些实施例中，第二广播帧用于零功耗设备周期性地与网络建立时频同步，获得系统信息，示例性的，周期为100毫秒。在一些实施例中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构相同。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构不同，第一广播帧是第二广播帧的简化版，例如第 一广播帧不包括子载波间隔信息，本申请实施例对简化内容不加以限定，以上述内容为例进行说明。
在一些实施例中，零功耗设备通过第一广播帧获取部分系统信息，再通过第二广播帧获取其余部分系统信息，示例性的，第一广播帧包括信道号、信道带宽、时间戳、SFN、寻呼信息，第二广播帧包括上述全部系统信息。本申请实施例对包括的部分系统信息不加以限定，以上述内容为例进行说明。
步骤1630：基于第一广播帧和第二广播帧中至少之一，完成与无线网络进行时频同步、获得系统信息、获取供能能量、获取调度信息中的至少一种功能。
在一些实施例中，在仅基于第一广播帧的情况下，通过第一广播帧中的时间戳进行时频同步，通过第一广播帧携带的系统信息获取系统信息，通过第一广播帧携带的无线能量获取供能能量，通过第一广播帧携带的调度信息获取调度信息。
在一些实施例中，在仅基于第二广播帧的情况下，通过第二广播帧中的时间戳进行时频同步，通过第二广播帧携带的系统信息获取系统信息，通过第二广播帧携带的无线能量获取供能能量，通过第二广播帧携带的调度信息获取调度信息。
在一些实施例中，在先接收到第二广播帧，后接收到第一广播帧的情况下，基于第二广播帧完成部分功能，基于第一广播帧完成剩余功能。例如通过第二广播帧中的时间戳进行时频同步，通过第二广播帧携带的系统信息获取系统信息，通过第二广播帧携带的无线能量获取供能能量，通过第一广播帧携带的调度信息获取调度信息。
在一些实施例中，在先接收到第一广播帧，后接收到第二广播帧的情况下，基于第一广播帧完成部分功能，基于第二广播帧完成剩余功能。例如通过第一广播帧中的时间戳进行时频同步，通过第一广播帧携带的系统信息获取系统信息，通过第一广播帧携带的无线能量获取供能能量，通过第二广播帧携带的调度信息获取调度信息。
或，通过第一广播帧中的时间戳进行时频同步，通过第一广播帧携带的部分系统信息例如信道号、SFN、寻呼信息、下一个第二广播帧的时域位置信息，从而获取部分系统信息，再基于下一个第二广播帧的时域位置信息，从下一个第二广播帧中获取其余部分系统信息，通过第一广播帧携带的无线能量获取供能能量，通过第二广播帧携带的调度信息获取调度信息。
其中，部分功能是上述时频同步、获得系统信息、获取供能能量、获取调度信息中的一部分功能，剩余功能是上述功能中除部分功能之外所剩余的全部功能或部分功能。
在一些实施例中，零功耗设备也可能会使用至少三个广播帧来完成上述功能，对此不加以限定。至少三个广播帧包括的第一广播帧和/或第二广播帧的数量不限制。
在本实施例中，步骤1610和步骤1620是可选的，在不同实施例中，可对这些步骤中的一个或多个步骤进行省略或替代，例如省略步骤1620，仅接收第一广播帧。
步骤1610和步骤1630可作为独立实施例来实施；步骤1620和步骤1630可作为独立实施例来实施；但不限于此。
步骤1610可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为广播帧的接收方法；
步骤1620可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为广播帧的接收方法；
步骤1630可作为独立实施例来实施，比如单独实施成为广播帧的通信方法。
综上所述，本实施例提供的方法通过接收第一信标帧，第一信标帧是在与周期性发送的第二信标帧不同的时域位置上发送的信标帧，用于帮助零功耗设备完成时频同步以及获得系统信息，从而增加了信标帧的传输机会，减少了完成时频同步的时间，加快了网络设备与零功耗设备的通信过程，并且减少了零功耗设备接收信标帧的等待时间，降低了零功耗设备的功耗。
本实施例提供的方法还通过接收第一广播帧，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧，用于帮助零功耗设备快速完成时频同步以及获得系统信息，从而增加了广播帧的传输机会，减少了完成时频同步的时间，加快了网络设备与零功耗设备的通信过程，并且减少了零功耗设备接收广播帧的等待时间，降低了零功耗设备的功耗。
本实施例提供的方法还通过接收第二信标帧或第二广播帧，周期性地完成时频同步以及更新系统信息，保持零功耗设备的稳定性。
本实施例提供的方法还通过将第一信标帧和第二信标帧设计成不同的结构，使得零功耗设备可以先通过第一信标帧获取部分系统信息，再通过第二信标帧获取其余部分系统信息，使得零功耗设备快速完成时频同步以及获取系统信息。
本实施例提供的方法还通过将第一广播帧和第二广播帧设计成不同的结构，使得零功耗设备可以先通过第一广播帧获取部分系统信息，再通过第二广播帧获取其余部分系统信息，使得零功耗设备快速完成时频同步以及获取系统信息。
图17示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的广播帧的通信方法的流程图，该方法由网络设备执行， 该方法包括：
步骤1710：发送第一广播帧。
其中，第一广播帧在周期性发送的第二广播帧之间发送，和/或，在第一个第二广播帧之前发送，和/或，在最后一个第二广播帧之后发送。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧。也可理解为，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上补充发送或额外发送的广播帧。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧在指定的搜索空间内发送，该搜索空间可以是针对零功耗设备专属设置的。零功耗设备在该指定的搜索空间内监听第一广播帧。在一些实施例中，第一广播帧在指定的资源池内发送，该资源池可以是针对零功耗设备专属设置的。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧采用周期性发送方式；或，
第一广播帧采用非周期性发送方式。
在一些实施例中，非周期性发送方式包括如下至少之一：
连续发送方式；或，
不连续发送方式；或，
突发发送方式。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构相同。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构不同。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构不同，包括如下至少之一：
第一广播帧和第二广播帧使用的前导码不同；
第一广播帧和第二广播帧的前导码序列长度不同；
第一广播帧的数据部分的信息种类小于第二广播帧的数据部分的信息种类，或，第一广播帧的数据部分的信息种类大于第二广播帧的数据部分的信息种类；
第一广播帧的数据部分的码率小于第二广播帧的数据部分的码率。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧采用如下方式中的至少一种区分：
位于信息域中的类型指示；
前导码；
SIG域。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧中携带有下一个第二广播帧的时域位置信息。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧是网络设备在存在触发事件的情况下发送的。
在一些实施例中，触发事件包括如下至少之一：
寻找物品事件；
物流车到达事件；
仓库盘点事件。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧是网络设备发送的，网络设备是WiFi系统中的设备，和/或，蜂窝通信系统中的设备。
上述广播帧的通信方法的具体实施细节参考零功耗设备侧，此处不再赘述。
综上所述，本实施例提供的方法通过发送第一广播帧，第一广播帧的时间位置与零功耗设备的唤醒时刻比较接近，用于帮助零功耗设备完成时频同步以及获得系统信息，从而加快了网络设备与零功耗设备的通信过程，并且减少了零功耗设备接收广播帧的等待时间，降低了零功耗设备的功耗。
本实施例提供的方法还通过发送第二广播帧，周期性地完成时频同步以及更新系统信息，保持零功耗设备的稳定性。
上述实施例中，序号相同的步骤可以认为是同一步骤。其中，图7对应的实施例、图8对应的实施例、图9对应的实施例、图13对应的实施例、图16对应的实施例和图17对应的实施例可以单独实施或组合实施，本申请对此不加以限定。
图18示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的广播帧的通信装置的框图，该装置可以通过软件或硬件或两者的结合实现成为零功耗设备，或实现成为零功耗设备的一部分。该装置包括接收模块1810，其中，接收模块1810的功能通过零功耗设备中的接收器实现。
接收模块1810，用于接收第一广播帧。
其中，第一广播帧在周期性发送的第二广播帧之间发送，和/或，在第一个第二广播帧之前发送，和/或，在最后一个第二广播帧之后发送。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧。也可理解为，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上补充发送或额外发送 的广播帧。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在网络设备是WiFi系统中的设备的情况下，第一广播帧为第一信标帧，第一信标帧用于该装置快速与网络建立时频同步以及获得系统信息。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在网络设备是蜂窝通信系统中的设备的情况下，第一广播帧为系统广播信息，系统广播信息用于广播同步信号和系统信息，例如5G系统中的SSB。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧是网络设备发送的，网络设备是WiFi系统中的设备，和/或，蜂窝通信系统(或称移动通信系统)中的设备。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，接收模块1810，用于接收第一广播帧，以及接收第二广播帧。
其中，第一广播帧是网络设备补充发送的广播帧或额外发送的广播帧，由网络设备非周期性发送或周期性发送；第二广播帧是由网络设备周期性发送的广播帧。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧在指定的搜索空间内发送，该搜索空间可以是针对该装置专属设置的。该装置在该指定的搜索空间内监听第一广播帧。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧在指定的资源池内发送，该资源池可以是针对该装置专属设置的。
第二广播帧为第二信标帧或系统广播信息，第二信标帧用于该装置周期性地与网络建立时频同步，获得系统信息，示例性的，周期为100毫秒。
第二信标帧是周期性发送的信标帧，可以携带性能信息、SSID等信息。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第二信标帧包括前导码部分和数据部分，前导码部分用于指示数据传输的开始，并帮助该装置确定有效的数据部分。前导码部分包含了一组特定的信号，用于同步该装置和发送设备(网络设备)之间的时钟。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在本实施例的一种可能设计中，网络设备配置第一广播帧的发送位置、发送次数、发送的时间窗口长度和下一个第二广播帧的发送位置中的至少一种。该装置接收第一广播帧的发送位置、发送次数、发送的时间窗口长度和下一个第二广播帧的发送位置中的至少一种。下一个第二广播帧的发送位置可以是一个绝对时间位置，也可以是相对于当前的第一广播帧的偏移位置。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，网络设备发送至少一个第一广播帧。
在信号强度大于第一阈值的情况下，网络设备发送一个第一广播帧，例如在路由器附近时，一个第一广播帧就能够帮助该装置完成时频同步和获得全部系统信息，第一阈值由本领域技术人员预设置；
在信号强度小于第二阈值的情况下，网络设备发送多个第一广播帧，例如离路由器较远时，需要多个第一广播帧才能够帮助该装置完成时频同步和获得全部系统信息，第二阈值由本领域技术人员预设置。
上述信号强度可以是该装置向网络设备发送信号和/或数据时的信号强度。示例性的，第一阈值大于或等于第二阈值。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧采用周期性发送方式；或，第一广播帧采用非周期性发送方式。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，非周期性发送方式包括如下至少之一：
连续发送方式；或，
不连续发送方式；或，
突发发送方式；
其中，连续发送方式表示第一广播帧被一个接着一个发送n次，发送过程中不存在发送间隔的发送方式，n为大于1的整数；不连续发送方式表示第一广播帧的发送过程中存在发送间隔的发送方式，发送间隔可能是周期性的，也可能不是周期性的；突发发送方式表示第一广播帧随时发送的发送方式，与不连续发送方式相比，通常两次发送之间存在的发送间隔更长，且更具有随机性。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构相同。
示例性的，第一广播帧为第一信标帧，第二广播帧为第二信标帧，第一信标帧和第二信标帧的结构相同：前导码部分在前，数据部分在后。两者具有相同的前导码部分，数据部分长度、码率关键参数相同，携带相同种类的配置信息，大部分参数取值相同，小部分参数取值不同，例如时间戳信息会随着两种信标帧发送的时间位置而发生变化。
前导码部分包括：L-STF、L-LTF、L-SIG域。其中，L-STF包含一个指定和唯一的波形，容易被该装置检测到，L-STF的功能包括如下至少之一：封包检测、AGC、初始的频率偏移估计、初始的时间同步。L-LTF也包含一个指定和唯一的波形，但和L-STF的不完全一样，L-LTF的功能包括如下至少之一：信道估计、更精准的频率偏移估计、更精准的时间同步。L-SIG域包括发送速率(transmit rate)、编码方式(coding scheme)、保护间隔(guard interval)和长度(length)等信息，用于计算数据分包的持续时间。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构不同。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构不同，包括如下至少之一：
(1)第一广播帧和第二广播帧使用的前导码不同；
(2)第一广播帧和第二广播帧的前导码序列长度不同；
(3)第一广播帧的数据部分的信息种类小于第二广播帧的数据部分的信息种类，或，第一广播帧的数据部分的信息种类大于第二广播帧的数据部分的信息种类；
(4)第一广播帧的数据部分的码率小于第二广播帧的数据部分的码率。
以第一广播帧为第一信标帧，第二广播帧为第二信标帧举例说明：
采用(1)和(2)的设计，可以提供不同的同步性能，例如第一信标帧的前导码序列长度比第二信标帧的前导码序列长度更长，就可以包含更多的同步信号，提高该装置识别数据部分的概率和精度，从而提供更好的同步性能。
采用(3)的设计，在第一信标帧的数据部分的信息种类小于第二信标帧的数据部分的信息种类的情况下，例如仅包括时间戳、第二信标帧的周期等信息，可以快速向该装置传输关键信息，较少的数据部分也可以提高该装置的接收概率。在第一信标帧的数据部分的信息种类大于第二信标帧的数据部分的信息种类的情况下，可以直接向该装置传输系统信息，帮助该装置建立时频同步。
采用(4)的设计，在第一信标帧的数据部分的码率小于第二信标帧的数据部分的码率的情况下，可以提高该装置成功接收信标帧的概率。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在WiFi/WLAN系统中，第二广播帧的周期与部分配置关联，例如第二信标帧可以携带TIM指示，用来向该装置发送是否有下行数据需要传输的信息，TIM的周期是第二信标帧的周期的整数倍。每一个信标帧中都有TIM，TIM中包含一个比特位图控制(bitmap control)字段，每一位映射一个广播帧的通信装置，当为1时表示该位对应的广播帧的通信装置有下行数据缓存在网络设备中。
又例如，RAW的配置可以在第二信标帧中指示，在RAW期间，该装置与网络设备传输数据，RAW配置在第二信标帧之后。RAW的关键思想是限制能够访问信道的站点集，并将它们的访问尝试分散到较长的时间段上，从而减少干扰，提高通信的可靠性和效率。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在网络设备既发送了第一广播帧和第二广播帧的情况下，该装置需要区分二者，这是由于：
第一，无论是基于第一广播帧还是第二广播帧完成时频同步、获得系统信息之后，该装置都需要周期性地基于第二广播帧来维持时频同步。因此需要确定第二广播帧的位置。
第二，第二广播帧可随时发送新的系统信息，如RAW的配置。该装置也需要基于第二广播帧获得新的系统信息。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧采用如下方式中的至少一种区分：
位于信息域中的类型指示；
前导码；
SIG域。
示例性的，使用信标MAC头部的FC来进行类型指示，FC包括帧类型字段、子类型字段等字段，其中，帧类型字段指定数据帧的类型，子类型字段指定更具体的数据帧子类型；
或，通过前导码指示，第一广播帧和第二广播帧使用不同的前导码序列的设计，从而区分二者；
或，使用前导码中的SIG域(即L-SIG域)指示，SIG域包括关于信道状态的信息，如信噪比、速率、频率等。该装置可以通过解码和分析SIG域中的信号参数来识别信道状态，从而调整传输速率。第一广播帧和第二广播帧使用SIG域中不同的比特取值，也能够实现对第一广播帧和第二广播帧的区分。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，该装置在唤醒后，可能先搜索到第一广播帧，也可能先搜索到第二广播帧，该装置基于二者中的任意一种完成时频同步以及获得系统信息。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧中携带有下一个第二广播帧的时域位置信息，该时域位置信息可以是一个绝对时间位置，也可以是相对于当前的第一广播帧的偏移位置。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧是网络设备在存在触发事件的情况下发送的。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，网络设备根据触发事件触发第一广播帧的发送，即在该装置对完成时频同步以及获取系统信息存在需求的情况下，例如在寻找物品事件中，可以在触发寻找物品事件时，网络设备发送无线电波向该装置供能，并且向该装置发送第一广播帧和第二广播帧。例如先发送第一广播帧，再发送第二广播帧；或在周期性发送的第二广播帧之间发送第一广播帧。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，触发事件包括如下至少之一：
·寻找物品事件；
·物流车到达事件；
·仓库盘点事件。
示例性的，在物流场景，网络设备通过感知(例如通过声波感应、运动感应等方式)物流车的到达，在物流车到达时，网络设备开启对物流车上的物品的盘点过程，这时网络设备可以发送无线电波向该装置供能，并且向该装置发送第一广播帧和第二广播帧。
类似地，在仓储场景，在需要对仓库内的物品进行盘点时，网络设备可以发送无线电波向该装置供能，并且向该装置发送第一广播帧和第二广播帧。
在上述场景中，通过这样的操作，可以使得寻找物品、仓库盘点过程开启的瞬间，快速向该装置发送足够数量的广播帧，使该装置快速完成时频同步、获取系统信息，从而加快上述寻找物品、仓库盘点的速度。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧是网络设备发送的，网络设备是WiFi系统中的设备，和/或，蜂窝通信系统中的设备。
在一些实施例中，至少一个第一广播帧在第一时间窗口内传输。至少一个第一广播帧中还携带有第一时间窗口的指示信息。当第一时间窗口内的第一广播帧为多个时，多个第一广播帧中的全部或部分广播帧中携带有第一时间窗口的指示信息。
在一些实施例中，第一时间窗口采用：窗口起点+窗口长度的方式来表示。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧所占用的第一时域位置和剩余时间表示第一时间窗口的长度。也即，可以在全部或部分的第一广播帧中携带有第一时间窗口的剩余时间。例如在除最后一个第一广播帧之外的每个第一广播帧中携带有剩余时间。某一个第一广播帧携带的剩余时间为1000毫秒，用于表示从该第一广播帧的时域位置开始，第一时间窗口的剩余时间为1000毫秒。
在一些实施例中，当前的第一广播帧携带有下一个第一广播帧的时域位置的指示信息，在存在该指示信息的情况下，表示第一时间窗口尚未结束且指示下一个第一广播帧的时域位置；在不存在该指示信息的情况下表示第一时间窗口在第一广播帧的时域位置后结束。
在本实施例中，接收模块1810可以拆分为多个接收模块，例如第一接收模块，第二接收模块。第一接收模块用于接收第一广播帧，第二接收模块用于接收第二广播帧；或者第一接收模块用于接收第二广播帧，第二接收模块用于接收第一广播帧，本实施例对不同接收模块的功能不加以限定。
本实施例以一个接收模块1810进行举例说明，对接收模块1810的数量不加以限定。
接收模块1810的功能介绍，可以参考图9实施例中步骤910的内容。
图19示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的广播帧的通信装置的框图，该装置可以通过软件或硬件或两者的结合实现成为网络设备，或实现成为网络设备的一部分，该装置包括发送模块1910。其中，发送模块1910的功能通过网络设备中的发送器实现。
发送模块1910，用于发送第一广播帧。
其中，第一广播帧在周期性发送的第二广播帧之间发送，和/或，在第一个第二广播帧之前发送，和/或，在最后一个第二广播帧之后发送。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧。也可理解为，第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上补充发送或额外发送的广播帧。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在该装置是WiFi系统中的设备的情况下，第一广播帧为第一信标帧，第一信标帧用于零功耗设备快速与网络建立时频同步以及获得系统信息。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在该装置是蜂窝通信系统中的设备的情况下，第一广播帧为系统广播信息，系统广播信息用于广播同步信号和系统信息，例如5G系统中的SSB。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧是该装置发送的，该装置是WiFi系统中的设备，和/或，蜂窝通信系统(或称移动通信系统)中的设备。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，发送模块1910，用于发送第一广播帧，以及发送第二广播帧。
其中，第一广播帧是该装置补充发送的广播帧或额外发送的广播帧，由该装置非周期性发送或周期性发送；第二广播帧是由该装置周期性发送的广播帧。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧在指定的搜索空间内发送，该搜索空间可以是针对零功耗设备专属设置的。零功耗设备在该指定的搜索空间内监听第一广播帧。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧在指定的资源池内发送，该资源池可以是针对零功耗设备专属设置的。
第二广播帧为第二信标帧或系统广播信息，第二信标帧用于零功耗设备周期性地与网络建立时频同步，获得系统信息，示例性的，周期为100毫秒。
第二信标帧是周期性发送的信标帧，可以携带性能信息、SSID等信息。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第二信标帧包括前导码部分和数据部分，前导码部分用于指示数据传输的开始，并帮助接收设备(零功耗设备)确定有效的数据部分。前导码部分包含了一组特定的信号，用于同步接收设备(零功耗设备)和该装置之间的时钟。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，该装置配置第一广播帧的发送位置、发送次数、发送的时间窗口长度和下一个第二广播帧的发送位置中的至少一种。零功耗设备接收第一广播帧的发送位置、发送次数、发送的时间窗口长度和下一个第二广播帧的发送位置中的至少一种。下一个第二广播帧的发送位置可以是一个绝对时间位置，也可以是相对于当前的第一广播帧的偏移位置。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，发送模块1910，用于发送至少一个第一广播帧。
在信号强度大于第一阈值的情况下，该装置发送一个第一广播帧，例如在路由器附近时，一个第一广播帧就能够帮助零功耗设备完成时频同步和获得全部系统信息，第一阈值由本领域技术人员预设置；
在信号强度小于第二阈值的情况下，该装置发送多个第一广播帧，例如离路由器较远时，需要多个第一广播帧才能够帮助零功耗设备完成时频同步和获得全部系统信息，第二阈值由本领域技术人员预设置。
上述信号强度可以是零功耗设备向该装置发送信号和/或数据时的信号强度。示例性的，第一阈值大于或等于第二阈值。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧采用周期性发送方式；或，第一广播帧采用非周期性发送方式。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，非周期性发送方式包括如下至少之一：
连续发送方式；或，
不连续发送方式；或，
突发发送方式；
其中，连续发送方式表示第一广播帧被一个接着一个发送n次，发送过程中不存在发送间隔的发送方式，n为大于1的整数；不连续发送方式表示第一广播帧的发送过程中存在发送间隔的发送方式，发送间隔可能是周期性的，也可能不是周期性的；突发发送方式表示第一广播帧随时发送的发送方式，与不连续发送方式相比，通常两次发送之间存在的发送间隔更长，且更具有随机性。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构相同。
示例性的，第一广播帧为第一信标帧，第二广播帧为第二信标帧，第一信标帧和第二信标帧的结构相同：前导码部分在前，数据部分在后。两者具有相同的前导码部分，数据部分长度、码率关键参数相同，携带相同种类的配置信息，大部分参数取值相同，小部分参数取值不同，例如时间戳信息会随着两种信标帧发送的时间位置而发生变化。
前导码部分包括：L-STF、L-LTF、L-SIG域。其中，L-STF包含一个指定和唯一的波形，容易被接收设备(零功耗设备)检测到，L-STF的功能包括如下至少之一：封包检测、AGC、初始的频率偏移估计、初始的时间同步。L-LTF也包含一个指定和唯一的波形，但和L-STF的不完全一样，L-LTF的功能包括如下至少之一：信道估计、更精准的频率偏移估计、更精准的时间同步。L-SIG域包括发送速率(transmit rate)、编码方式(coding scheme)、保护间隔(guard interval)和长度(length)等信息，用于计算数据分包的持续时间。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构不同。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构不同，包括如下至少之一：
(1)第一广播帧和第二广播帧使用的前导码不同；
(2)第一广播帧和第二广播帧的前导码序列长度不同；
(3)第一广播帧的数据部分的信息种类小于第二广播帧的数据部分的信息种类，或，第一广播帧的数据部分的信息种类大于第二广播帧的数据部分的信息种类；
(4)第一广播帧的数据部分的码率小于第二广播帧的数据部分的码率。
以第一广播帧为第一信标帧，第二广播帧为第二信标帧举例说明：
采用(1)和(2)的设计，可以提供不同的同步性能，例如第一信标帧的前导码序列长度比第二信标帧的前导码序列长度更长，就可以包含更多的同步信号，提高零功耗设备识别数据部分的概率和精度，从而提供更好的同步性能。
采用(3)的设计，在第一信标帧的数据部分的信息种类小于第二信标帧的数据部分的信息种类的情况下，例如仅包括时间戳、第二信标帧的周期等信息，可以快速向零功耗设备传输关键信息，较少的数据部分也可以提高零功耗设备的接收概率。在第一信标帧的数据部分的信息种类大于第二信标帧的数据部分的信息种类的情况下，可以直接向零功耗设备传输系统信息，帮助零功耗设备建立时频同步。
采用(4)的设计，在第一信标帧的数据部分的码率小于第二信标帧的数据部分的码率的情况下，可以提高零功耗设备成功接收信标帧的概率。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在WiFi/WLAN系统中，第二广播帧的周期与部分配置关联，例如第二信标帧可以携带TIM指示，用来向零功耗设备发送是否有下行数据需要传输的信息，TIM的周期是第二信标帧的周期的整数倍。每一个信标帧中都有TIM，TIM中包含一个比特位图控制(bitmap control)字段，每一位映射一个零功耗设备，当为1时表示该位对应的零功耗设备有下行数据缓存在该装置中。
又例如，RAW的配置可以在第二信标帧中指示，在RAW期间，零功耗设备与该装置传输数据，RAW配置在第二信标帧之后。RAW的关键思想是限制能够访问信道的站点集，并将它们的访问尝试分散到较长的时间段上，从而减少干扰，提高通信的可靠性和效率。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，在该装置既发送了第一广播帧和第二广播帧的情况下，零功耗设备需要区分二者，这是由于：
第一，无论是基于第一广播帧还是第二广播帧完成时频同步、获得系统信息之后，零功耗设备都需要周期性地基于第二广播帧来维持时频同步。因此需要确定第二广播帧的位置。
第二，第二广播帧可随时发送新的系统信息，如RAW的配置。零功耗设备也需要基于第二广播帧获得新的系统信息。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧和第二广播帧采用如下方式中的至少一种区分：
位于信息域中的类型指示；
前导码；
SIG域。
示例性的，使用信标MAC头部的FC来进行类型指示，FC包括帧类型字段、子类型字段等字段，其中，帧类型字段指定数据帧的类型，子类型字段指定更具体的数据帧子类型；
或，通过前导码指示，第一广播帧和第二广播帧使用不同的前导码序列的设计，从而区分二者；
或，使用前导码中的SIG域(即L-SIG域)指示，SIG域包括关于信道状态的信息，如信噪比、速率、频率等。零功耗设备可以通过解码和分析SIG域中的信号参数来识别信道状态，从而调整传输速率。第一广播帧和第二广播帧使用SIG域中不同的比特取值，也能够实现对第一广播帧和第二广播帧的区分。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，零功耗设备在唤醒后，可能先搜索到第一广播帧，也可能先搜索到第二广播帧，零功耗设备基于二者中的任意一种完成时频同步以及获得系统信息。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧中携带有下一个第二广播帧的时域位置信息，该时域位置信息可以是一个绝对时间位置，也可以是相对于当前的第一广播帧的偏移位置。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧是该装置在存在触发事件的情况下发送的。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，该装置根据触发事件触发第一广播帧的发送，即在零功耗设备对完成时频同步以及获取系统信息存在需求的情况下，例如在寻找物品事件中，可以在触发寻找物品事件时，该装置发送无线电波向零功耗设备供能，并且向零功耗设备发送第一广播帧和第二广播帧。例如先发送第一广播帧，再发送第二广播帧；或在周期性发送的第二广播帧之间发送第一广播帧。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，触发事件包括如下至少之一：
·寻找物品事件；
·物流车到达事件；
·仓库盘点事件。
示例性的，在物流场景，该装置通过感知(例如通过声波感应、运动感应等方式)物流车的到达，在物流车到达时，该装置开启对物流车上的物品(零功耗设备)的盘点过程，这时该装置可以发送无线电波向零功耗设备供能，并且向零功耗设备发送第一广播帧和第二广播帧。
类似地，在仓储场景，在需要对仓库内的物品(零功耗设备)进行盘点时，该装置可以发送无线电波向零功耗设备供能，并且向零功耗设备发送第一广播帧和第二广播帧。
在上述场景中，通过这样的操作，可以使得寻找物品、仓库盘点过程开启的瞬间，快速向零功耗设备发送足够数量的广播帧，使零功耗设备快速完成时频同步、获取系统信息，从而加快上述寻找物品、仓库盘点的速度。
在一些实施例中，至少一个第一广播帧在第一时间窗口内传输。至少一个第一广播帧中还携带有第一时间窗口的指示信息。当第一时间窗口内的第一广播帧为多个时，多个第一广播帧中的全部或部分广播帧中携带有第一时间窗口的指示信息。
在一些实施例中，第一时间窗口采用：窗口起点+窗口长度的方式来表示。
在一些实施例中，第一广播帧所占用的第一时域位置和剩余时间表示第一时间窗口的长度。也即，可以在全部或部分的第一广播帧中携带有第一时间窗口的剩余时间。例如在除最后一个第一广播帧之外的每个第一广播帧中携带有剩余时间。某一个第一广播帧携带的剩余时间为1000毫秒，用于表示从该第一广播帧的时域位置开始，第一时间窗口的剩余时间为1000毫秒。
在一些实施例中，当前的第一广播帧携带有下一个第一广播帧的时域位置的指示信息，在存在该指示信息的情况下，表示第一时间窗口尚未结束且指示下一个第一广播帧的时域位置；在不存在该指示信息的情况下表示第一时间窗口在第一广播帧的时域位置后结束。
在本实施例的一种可能设计中，第一广播帧是该装置发送的，该装置是WiFi系统中的设备，和/或，蜂窝通信系统中的设备。
在本实施例中，发送模块1910可以拆分为多个发送模块，例如第一发送模块，第二发送模块。第一发送模块用于发送第一广播帧，第二发送模块用于发送第二广播帧；或者第一发送模块用于发送第二广播帧，第二发送模块用于发送第一广播帧，本实施例对不同发送模块的功能不加以限定。
本实施例以一个发送模块1910进行举例说明，对发送模块1910的数量不加以限定。
发送模块1910的功能介绍，可以参考图17实施例中步骤1710的内容。
图20示出了本申请一个示例性实施例提供的终端设备或网络设备2000的结构示意图，包括：处理器2001、接收器2002、发射器2003、存储器2004和总线2005。
处理器2001包括一个或者一个以上处理核心，处理器2001通过运行软件程序以及模块，从而执行各种功能应用以及信息处理。
接收器2002和发射器2003可以实现为一个通信组件，该通信组件可以是一块通信芯片，该通信组件可以称为收发器。在一些实施例中，接收器2002可用于实现上述接收模块1810的功能和步骤，发射器2003可用于实现上述发送模块1910的功能和步骤。
存储器2004通过总线2005与处理器2001相连。
存储器2004可用于存储至少一个指令，处理器2001用于执行该至少一个指令，以实现上述方法实施例中的各个步骤。
此外，存储器2004可以由任何类型的易失性或非易失性存储设备或者它们的组合实现，易失性或非易失性存储设备包括但不限于：磁盘或光盘，电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory，EEPROM)，可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory，EPROM)，静态随时存取存储器(Static Random Access Memory，SRAM)，只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)，磁存储器，快闪存储器，可编程只读存储器(Programmable Read-Only Memory，PROM)。
在一些实施例中，接收器2002独立进行信号/数据的接收，或处理器2001控制接收器2002进行信号/数据的接收，或处理器2001请求接收器2002进行信号/数据的接收，或处理器2001配合接收器2002进行信号/数据的接收。
在一些实施例中，发射器2003独立进行信号/数据的发送，或处理器2001控制发射器2003进行信号/数据的发送，或处理器2001请求发射器2003进行信号/数据的发送，或处理器2001配合发射器2003进行信号/数据的发送。
在示例性实施例中，还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有至少一段程序，该至少一段程序由处理器加载并执行以实现上述各个方法实施例提供的广播帧的通信方法。
在示例性实施例中，还提供了一种计算机程序产品或计算机程序，该计算机程序产品或计算机程序在处理器上运行时，使得零功耗设备或网络设备2000执行上述各个方法实施例提供的广播帧的通信方法。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
以上仅为本申请的可选实施例，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种广播帧的通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法由零功耗设备执行，所述方法包括：
    接收第一广播帧，所述第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一广播帧采用周期性发送方式；或，
    所述第一广播帧采用非周期性发送方式。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述非周期性发送方式包括如下至少之一：
    连续发送方式；或，
    不连续发送方式；或，
    突发发送方式。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构相同。
  5. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构不同。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构不同，包括如下至少之一：
    所述第一广播帧和所述第二广播帧使用的前导码不同；
    所述第一广播帧和所述第二广播帧的前导码序列长度不同；
    所述第一广播帧的数据部分的信息种类小于所述第二广播帧的数据部分的信息种类，或，所述第一广播帧的数据部分的信息种类大于所述第二广播帧的数据部分的信息种类；
    所述第一广播帧的数据部分的码率小于所述第二广播帧的数据部分的码率。
  7. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一广播帧和第二广播帧采用如下方式中的至少一种区分：
    位于信息域中的类型指示；
    前导码；
    信号信息SIG域。
  8. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一广播帧中携带有下一个所述第二广播帧的时域位置信息。
  9. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一广播帧是网络设备在存在触发事件的情况下发送的。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述触发事件包括如下至少之一：
    寻找物品事件；
    物流车到达事件；
    仓库盘点事件。
  11. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一广播帧是网络设备发送的，所述网络设备是无线保真WiFi系统中的设备，和/或，蜂窝通信系统中的设备。
  12. 一种广播帧的通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法由网络设备执行，所述方法包括：
    发送第一广播帧，所述第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一广播帧采用周期性发送方式；或，
    所述第一广播帧采用非周期性发送方式。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述非周期性发送方式包括如下至少之一：
    连续发送方式；或，
    不连续发送方式；或，
    突发发送方式。
  15. 根据权利要求12至14任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构相同。
  16. 根据权利要求12至14任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构不同。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一广播帧和第二广播帧的结构不同，包括如下至少之一：
    所述第一广播帧和所述第二广播帧使用的前导码不同；
    所述第一广播帧和所述第二广播帧的前导码序列长度不同；
    所述第一广播帧的数据部分的信息种类小于所述第二广播帧的数据部分的信息种类，或，所述第一广播帧的数据部分的信息种类大于所述第二广播帧的数据部分的信息种类；
    所述第一广播帧的数据部分的码率小于所述第二广播帧的数据部分的码率。
  18. 根据权利要求12至14任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一广播帧和第二广播帧采用如下方式中的至少一种区分：
    位于信息域中的类型指示；
    前导码；
    信号信息SIG域。
  19. 根据权利要求12至14任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一广播帧中携带有下一个所述第二广播帧的时域位置信息。
  20. 根据权利要求12至14任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一广播帧是网络设备在存在触发事件的情况下发送的。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述触发事件包括如下至少之一：
    寻找物品事件；
    物流车到达事件；
    仓库盘点事件。
  22. 根据权利要求12至14任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一广播帧是网络设备发送的，所述网络设备是无线保真WiFi系统中的设备，和/或，蜂窝通信系统中的设备。
  23. 一种广播帧的通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    接收模块，用于接收第一广播帧，所述第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧。
  24. 一种广播帧的通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    发送模块，用于发送第一广播帧，所述第一广播帧是在与周期性发送的第二广播帧不同的时域位置上发送的广播帧。
  25. 一种零功耗设备，其特征在于，所述零功耗设备包括：
    处理器；
    与所述处理器相连的收发器；
    用于存储所述处理器的可执行指令的存储器；
    其中，所述处理器被配置为加载并执行所述可执行指令以实现如权利要求1至11任一所述的广播帧的通信方法。
  26. 一种网络设备，其特征在于，所述网络设备包括：
    处理器；
    与所述处理器相连的收发器；
    用于存储所述处理器的可执行指令的存储器；
    其中，所述处理器被配置为加载并执行所述可执行指令以实现如权利要求12至22任一所述的广播帧的通信方法。
  27. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有至少一段程序，所述至少一段程序由处理器加载并执行以实现如权利要求1至22任一所述的广播帧的通信方法。
  28. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机指令，所述计算机指令存储在计算机可读存储介质中，处理器从所述计算机可读存储介质中获取所述计算机指令，所述处理器执行所述计算机指令以实现如权利要求1至22任一所述的广播帧的通信方法。
PCT/CN2023/108735 2023-07-21 2023-07-21 广播帧的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品 Pending WO2025020003A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2023/108735 WO2025020003A1 (zh) 2023-07-21 2023-07-21 广播帧的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品
CN202380100465.1A CN121569548A (zh) 2023-07-21 2023-07-21 广播帧的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品
KR1020267005286A KR20260040087A (ko) 2023-07-21 2023-07-21 브로드캐스트 프레임의 통신방법, 장치, 설비, 기억장치 및 프로그램 제품

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2023/108735 WO2025020003A1 (zh) 2023-07-21 2023-07-21 广播帧的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2025020003A1 true WO2025020003A1 (zh) 2025-01-30

Family

ID=94373953

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2023/108735 Pending WO2025020003A1 (zh) 2023-07-21 2023-07-21 广播帧的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品

Country Status (3)

Country Link
KR (1) KR20260040087A (zh)
CN (1) CN121569548A (zh)
WO (1) WO2025020003A1 (zh)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101420280A (zh) * 2007-10-25 2009-04-29 西门子公司 一种低功率通信网络中的通信方法、系统及网络节点
US20140098729A1 (en) * 2012-10-08 2014-04-10 Apple Inc. Buffered indication of individually addressed traffic with reduced power consumption
CN107306436A (zh) * 2016-04-25 2017-10-31 中兴通讯股份有限公司 广播帧的发送方法、接入点确定方法及装置
CN109429300A (zh) * 2017-08-30 2019-03-05 珠海市魅族科技有限公司 无线局域网的通信方法、装置、接入点设备和站点设备

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101420280A (zh) * 2007-10-25 2009-04-29 西门子公司 一种低功率通信网络中的通信方法、系统及网络节点
US20140098729A1 (en) * 2012-10-08 2014-04-10 Apple Inc. Buffered indication of individually addressed traffic with reduced power consumption
CN107306436A (zh) * 2016-04-25 2017-10-31 中兴通讯股份有限公司 广播帧的发送方法、接入点确定方法及装置
CN109429300A (zh) * 2017-08-30 2019-03-05 珠海市魅族科技有限公司 无线局域网的通信方法、装置、接入点设备和站点设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN121569548A (zh) 2026-02-24
KR20260040087A (ko) 2026-03-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2023000209A1 (zh) 无线通信方法、终端设备和网络设备
CN117692476A (zh) 联网设备的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品
CN117981198A (zh) 信息传输方法、装置、设备及存储介质
WO2023283757A1 (zh) 无线通信方法、终端设备和通信设备
US20260122576A1 (en) Method for determining receiver parameter, zero-power device, and network device
WO2024164168A1 (zh) 无线通信的方法及设备
CN118830218A (zh) 配置资源的方法、终端以及网络设备
CN118541938A (zh) 用于数据传输的方法和通信设备
WO2025055052A1 (zh) 信息传输方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品
WO2025020003A1 (zh) 广播帧的通信方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品
EP4460135A1 (en) Method for data transmission and communication device
WO2025152035A1 (zh) 数据信息的传输方法、装置、设备及存储介质
WO2025086063A1 (zh) 数据传输方法、装置、设备及存储介质
WO2025208269A1 (zh) 信息指示方法、装置、设备及存储介质
WO2025065645A1 (zh) Ppdu的接收方法、发送方法、装置、设备及存储介质
US20260121797A1 (en) Method for measuring frequency errors, and device
WO2025137877A1 (zh) 传输资源的使用方法、装置、设备及存储介质
WO2026060712A1 (zh) 通信方法、第一设备、芯片、存储介质、程序及程序产品
WO2026030973A9 (zh) 一种信号传输方法及装置、设备、芯片和存储介质
WO2025091304A1 (zh) 信号传输方法、装置、设备及介质
WO2025171671A1 (zh) 无线通信方法、通信设备、装置以及存储介质
WO2025137932A1 (zh) 信号处理方法、装置、设备、存储介质及芯片
WO2025260295A1 (zh) 载波发送方法、装置、设备及存储介质
WO2025166649A1 (zh) 传输方法、装置、设备、介质和程序产品
WO2025148001A1 (zh) 设备唤醒方法、装置、设备、存储介质及芯片

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 23946097

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 1020267005286

Country of ref document: KR

Free format text: ST27 STATUS EVENT CODE: A-0-1-A10-A15-NAP-PA0105 (AS PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL OFFICE)

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2023946097

Country of ref document: EP

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE