WO2025010825A1 - 电池单体、电池和用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池和用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025010825A1
WO2025010825A1 PCT/CN2023/119156 CN2023119156W WO2025010825A1 WO 2025010825 A1 WO2025010825 A1 WO 2025010825A1 CN 2023119156 W CN2023119156 W CN 2023119156W WO 2025010825 A1 WO2025010825 A1 WO 2025010825A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
battery cell
wire
detection element
insulating member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
PCT/CN2023/119156
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴凯
陈龙
林蹬华
陈新祥
郑于炼
王鹏
金海族
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025010825A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025010825A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device.
  • Energy conservation and emission reduction are the key to sustainable development, which has promoted the adjustment of energy structure and the development and application of battery technology.
  • some electrical devices are equipped with batteries, which provide energy for the electrical devices through battery discharge. When the battery energy storage is insufficient, the battery can also be charged to store more electricity.
  • a battery generally includes one or more battery cells.
  • a battery cell includes an electrode column, which can be used to power other functional components.
  • multiple battery cells can be electrically connected through the electrode column.
  • the electrode column acts on multiple components at the same time, interference may occur between the multiple components and between the multiple components and the electrode column, resulting in risks such as unstable electrical connections.
  • the main purpose of this application is to provide a method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.
  • the present application provides a battery cell, which includes: a shell, an electrode column and a detection assembly, the shell includes a wall portion; the electrode column is arranged on the wall portion, and the electrode column has a mating portion and a connecting portion that are connected and arranged, the mating portion is used to electrically connect to the bar sheet, and the connecting portion is closer to the inside of the shell than the mating portion; the detection assembly includes a detection element and a wire, and the wire connects the detection element and the connecting portion.
  • the mating portion of the electrode column is used to electrically connect to the bar sheet
  • the connecting portion is used to electrically connect to the wire
  • the connecting portion is closer to the inside of the shell than the mating portion, so that when the electrode column is electrically connected to the bar sheet and the wire at the same time, the risk of interference between the bar sheet, the wire and the electrode column leading to electrical connection failure is reduced, thereby improving the stability of the electrical connection between the electrode column and the bar sheet and the wire.
  • connection portion has a plug hole, and one end of the wire is inserted into the plug hole.
  • connection portion is provided with a plug hole, and the wire is inserted into the plug hole, which can improve the stability of the electrical connection between the electrode column and the wire, and the wire inserted into the plug hole can further reduce the risk of interference between the bar sheet, the wire and the electrode column, resulting in electrical connection failure, thereby improving the stability of the electrical connection between the electrode column, the bar sheet and the wire.
  • the opening of the plug hole faces the detection element, thereby facilitating the insertion of the wire into the plug hole, shortening the length of the wire as much as possible, and reducing the complexity of the wire line.
  • the mating portion is provided with a first avoidance groove, and the plug hole extends to connect to the first avoidance groove.
  • the first avoidance groove is provided on the mating portion, and the first avoidance groove is connected to the plug hole, which is convenient for forming the plug hole and inserting the wire into the plug hole.
  • the wire is sunken in the plug hole in the thickness direction of the wire, thereby alleviating the wire from protruding from the plug hole in the thickness direction, thereby reducing the risk of interference between the bar, the wire and the electrode column leading to electrical connection failure.
  • the number of electrode columns is two, the polarities of the two electrode columns are opposite, and the two electrode columns are spaced apart, and the detection element is located between the two electrode columns.
  • the detection element is located between the two electrode columns, and when the detection element is electrically connected to the two electrode columns at the same time through a wire, the length of the wire can be shortened as much as possible, reducing the complexity of the wire line.
  • the wall is provided with mounting holes corresponding to the two electrode posts one by one, each electrode post is inserted into the corresponding mounting hole, the detection element is embedded in the wall, and the wire passes through the hole wall of the mounting hole into the mounting hole to connect the electrode post.
  • the risk of damage caused by excessive protrusion of the electrode post and the detection element from the wall can be reduced, so that the electrode post and the detection element can be better protected by the wall, and at the same time, the wire passes through the hole wall of the mounting hole into the mounting hole, and the wire can also be better protected by the wall.
  • the housing includes an insulating member, the insulating member is disposed on a side of the wall away from the interior of the housing, and the detection element is disposed on the insulating member.
  • the insulating member can provide better protection for the detection element, and the insulating member can also isolate the detection element from the wall, thereby reducing the risk of short circuits in the detection element.
  • the detection element is embedded in the insulating member, so that the insulating member can provide better protection for the detection element, and the detection element and the insulating member can be installed on the wall as an integral component, which can simplify the complexity of installation between the detection element and the wall.
  • the lead wire includes a main body and an extension part, the main body is buried in the insulating member and electrically connected to the detection element, and the extension part connects the main body and the connection part.
  • the component provides good protection for the main body, and part of the wire is buried in the insulating component, with only the extended part exposed outside the insulating component, which can reduce the length of the extended part and reduce the complexity of the line exposed outside the insulating component.
  • the insulating member is provided with an avoidance hole penetrating the surfaces of the two opposite sides of the insulating member, the electrode column is at least partially arranged in the avoidance hole, and the wire extends in the insulating member and further extends from the hole wall of the avoidance hole into the avoidance hole to connect the connection part.
  • the electrode column is at least partially arranged in the avoidance hole, which can reduce the problem of interference between the insulating member and the electrode column when the electrode column and the bar sheet are electrically connected, and the electrode column is at least partially arranged in the avoidance hole, which can also reduce the risk of damage caused by excessive protrusion of the electrode column from the insulating member, so that the insulating member and the wall can better protect the electrode column, and the wire passes through the hole wall of the avoidance hole into the avoidance hole, which can facilitate the insulating member to better protect the wire and reduce the complexity of the circuit exposed outside the insulating member.
  • the end face of the electrode column is sunk into the avoidance hole relative to the side face of the insulating member that is away from the wall portion.
  • the risk of damage caused by excessive protrusion of the electrode column from the insulating member can be reduced, so that the insulating member and the wall portion can provide better protection for the electrode column.
  • connection portion is provided through the wall portion, and a connection lead for electrically connecting to the wire is provided on the connection portion.
  • the connection lead is extended from the connection portion to electrically connect to the wire through the connection lead, which can further reduce the risk of electrical connection failure caused by interference between the bar sheet, the wire and the electrode column.
  • the detection element includes a temperature sensor, a deformation sensor or a voltage sensor.
  • the working conditions of the battery cell such as temperature, deformation and voltage can be detected by different types of detection elements, so as to manage the battery cell in a targeted manner according to the current working condition of the battery cell.
  • the housing includes a shell and an end cap, the shell is provided with an open end, the end cap is provided at the open end, and the electrode column and the detection element are provided at the end cap.
  • the battery cell includes a circuit board disposed on the housing, and the circuit board is electrically connected to the detection element.
  • the circuit board can provide a control signal to the detection element, so that the detection element can detect the state of the battery cell, and the battery cell can be managed in a targeted manner according to the information detected by the detection element.
  • the present application provides a battery, which includes the above battery cell.
  • the battery includes a plurality of battery cells, and the electrode columns of the plurality of battery cells are electrically connected through a bar sheet, the bar sheet has a fitting surface electrically connected to the mating portion, the fitting surface is provided with a second avoidance groove that is recessed compared to the fitting surface, the second avoidance groove runs through the side of the bar sheet, and one end of the wire is inserted into the second avoidance groove through the side of the bar sheet.
  • the second avoidance groove is provided on the fitting surface of the bar sheet, and one end of the wire is inserted into the second avoidance groove through the side of the bar sheet, which can reduce the risk of electrical connection failure caused by interference between the bar sheet, the wire and the electrode column, thereby improving the stability of the electrical connection between the electrode column, the bar sheet and the wire.
  • the size of the second avoidance groove is greater than or equal to the size of the wire in the direction perpendicular to the bonding surface.
  • the housing includes an insulating member, the insulating member is disposed on a side of the wall away from the interior of the housing, the detection element is disposed on the insulating member, the bar piece includes a first connection portion and a second connection portion bent and connected to the first connection portion, the first connection portion is disposed on a side of the insulating member away from the wall portion, and the second connection portion has a fitting surface.
  • the first connection portion on a side of the insulating member away from the wall portion, and providing a fitting surface on the second connection portion to be electrically connected to the matching portion, the position interference of the insulating member on the bar piece is reduced, the electrical connection between the bar piece and the pole is facilitated, and the stability of the electrical connection between the bar piece and the pole is improved.
  • the battery includes a battery management system, which is electrically connected to the detection element.
  • the battery management system can provide a control signal to the detection element so that the detection element can detect the state of the battery cell and perform targeted management of the battery cell based on the information detected by the detection element.
  • the present application provides an electrical device, which includes the above-mentioned battery.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle according to one or more embodiments.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery according to one or more embodiments.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell and a battery sheet according to one or more embodiments
  • FIG4 is a partial schematic diagram of the connection between a battery cell and a bar according to one or more embodiments
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery cell connected to a bar sheet according to one or more embodiments
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery cell and the battery sheet shown in FIG5 ;
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery cell according to one or more embodiments.
  • FIG8 is an exploded schematic diagram of a partial structure of the battery cell shown in FIG7 ;
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery cell according to one or more embodiments.
  • FIG10 is an exploded schematic diagram of a partial structure of the battery cell shown in FIG9 ;
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell according to one or more embodiments.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a battery management system connected to a battery cell according to one or more embodiments.
  • the term "and/or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships.
  • a and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone.
  • the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two).
  • multiple groups refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • Batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of battery application areas, its market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • Batteries mentioned in this field can be divided into disposable batteries and rechargeable batteries according to whether they are rechargeable or not.
  • Disposable batteries are also called “disposable” batteries and original batteries, because they cannot be recharged and can only be discarded after their power is exhausted.
  • Rechargeable batteries are also called secondary batteries (Secondary Battery) or secondary batteries, storage batteries.
  • Secondary Battery Secondary Battery
  • the manufacturing materials and processes of rechargeable batteries are different from those of primary batteries. Their advantages are that they can be recycled many times after charging, and the output current load capacity of rechargeable batteries is higher than that of most disposable batteries.
  • the common types of rechargeable batteries at present are: lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium-ion batteries.
  • Lithium-ion batteries have the advantages of light weight, large capacity (the capacity is 1.5 to 2 times that of nickel-metal hydride batteries of the same weight), no memory effect, and a very low self-discharge rate. Therefore, even though the price is relatively high, they are still widely used.
  • Lithium-ion batteries are currently also widely used in pure electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles. The capacity of lithium-ion batteries used for this purpose is relatively low, but they have a larger output and charging current, and a longer service life, but the cost is higher.
  • the battery described in the embodiments of the present application refers to a rechargeable battery or a disposable battery.
  • the following mainly uses lithium-ion batteries as an example to describe The embodiments disclosed in this application are described. It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed in this application are applicable to any other appropriate type of rechargeable battery.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments disclosed in this application can be directly or indirectly applied to an appropriate device to power the device.
  • the present application provides an electric device, which may include but is not limited to mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, electric tools, battery cars, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.
  • the electric device may include a battery, and the electric device may provide electric energy through the battery to realize the corresponding function.
  • the present application also provides an electric vehicle, which may include a battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to one or more embodiments.
  • the vehicle 1 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended range vehicle, etc.
  • a battery 2 is arranged inside the vehicle 1, and the battery 2 may be arranged at the bottom, the head or the tail of the vehicle 1.
  • the battery may be used to power the vehicle 1, for example, the battery may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1.
  • the vehicle 1 may also include a controller 3 and a motor 4, and the controller 3 is used to control the battery to power the motor 4, for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1.
  • the battery 2 can be used not only as an operating power source for the vehicle 1, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery according to one or more embodiments.
  • the shape of the battery may include but is not limited to a square, cylindrical or other arbitrary shapes.
  • the battery 2 may include a box 20 and a battery cell 10, and the battery cell 10 is accommodated in the box 20.
  • the box 20 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cell 10, and the box 20 can adopt a variety of structures.
  • the box 20 may include a first part 21 and a second part 22, and the first part 21 and the second part 22 cover each other, and the first part 21 and the second part 22 jointly define a storage space for accommodating the battery cell 10.
  • the second part 22 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 21 may be a plate-like structure, and the first part 21 covers the open side of the second part 22, so that the first part 21 and the second part 22 jointly define a storage space; the first part 21 and the second part 22 may also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 21 covers the open side of the second part 22.
  • the battery cell 10 includes but is not limited to lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, sodium-lithium-ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, sodium metal batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, magnesium-ion batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lead-acid batteries, etc.
  • the manufacturing methods of the battery cell 10 include stacking and winding, that is, the battery cell 10 is divided into stacking batteries and winding batteries.
  • the stacking battery has a uniform current collection effect, a small internal resistance of the battery, and a large specific power, but in order to ensure the accuracy, the mold accuracy requirements are extremely high, the equipment investment is high, and the process is relatively complex, and the production efficiency is low.
  • the winding battery is simple to make, and the equipment accuracy requirements for the production and assembly processes are general, the production efficiency is high, and the cost is low.
  • the wound battery has excellent high and low temperature performance, charges very quickly, has an ultra-long life, a stable high output voltage, a solid structure, and strong shock resistance.
  • the battery 2 there can be multiple battery cells 10, and the multiple battery cells 10 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection.
  • Mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 10 are both connected in series and in parallel.
  • the multiple battery cells 10 can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection, and then the whole formed by the multiple battery cells 10 is accommodated in the box 20; of course, the battery 2 can also be a battery module formed by connecting multiple battery cells 10 in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection, and then the multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection to form a whole, and then accommodated in the box 20.
  • the battery 2 may further include other structures.
  • the battery 2 may further include a busbar or other busbar components for realizing electrical connection between the plurality of battery cells 10 .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell and a battery sheet according to one or more embodiments.
  • the battery cell 10 may include a housing 100 and an electrode column 200.
  • the housing 100 may serve as a carrier for the electrode column 200 and the tab 300, so that the electrode column 200 and the tab 300 are directly or indirectly connected to the housing 100.
  • the electrode column 200 may be used as a charging and discharging interface of the battery cell 10.
  • the shell 100 can isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 10 from the external environment.
  • the shell 100 can have a certain hardness and strength, so that the shell 100 is not easily deformed when squeezed or collided, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell 10.
  • the shell 100 can be in any shape, for example, the shape of the shell 100 includes but is not limited to square, cylindrical, prismatic, etc.
  • the shell 100 can be an internal hollow structure, and the interior of the shell 100 can be used to accommodate objects such as electrodes and electrolytes.
  • the electrode column 200 can be used to connect the battery cell 10 with the external circuit to serve as the charging and discharging interface of the battery cell 10.
  • the battery cell 10 may also include an electrode assembly 201, which may be placed inside the housing 100.
  • the electrode assembly 201 may be a component in the battery cell 10 where an electrochemical reaction occurs.
  • the housing 100 may contain one or more electrode assemblies 201.
  • the electrode assembly 201 is mainly formed by winding or stacking a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, and a separator is usually provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with active materials constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 201, and the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without active materials each constitute a pole ear.
  • the positive pole ear and the negative pole ear may be located together at one end of the main body or at both ends of the main body. During the charging and discharging process of the battery cell 10, the positive active material and the negative active material react with the electrolyte, and the pole ear connects the electrode column 200 to form a current loop.
  • the tabs 300 can be used in conjunction with the electrode posts 200 to connect multiple battery cells 10 in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection to form a battery module, and then the entire battery module is accommodated in the box 20 to form a battery 2.
  • the housing 100 includes a wall portion 110, and the electrode column 200 is disposed on the wall portion 110, and the electrode column 200 has a mating portion 210 and a connecting portion 220 that are connected and arranged, the mating portion 210 is used to be electrically connected to the bar sheet 300, and the connecting portion 220 is closer to the inside of the housing 100 than the mating portion 210.
  • the wall portion 110 can be any side wall of the housing 100. For example, when the housing 100 is square, the parts corresponding to the six sides of the square housing 100 can all be used as the wall portion 110 of this embodiment.
  • the electrode column 200 can be penetrated through the wall portion 110, and the electrode column 200 can be electrically connected to the electrode assembly 201 inside the housing 100 on the side facing the inside of the housing 100, and the electrode column 200 can be exposed outside the housing 100 on the side away from the inside of the housing 100, so as to be used as the mating portion 210 to be electrically connected to the bar sheet 300.
  • the matching portion 210 can be understood as the end face of the electrode column 200 away from the inside of the housing 100, and the connecting portion 220 can be understood as other positions of the electrode column 200 except the end face of the electrode column 200 away from the inside of the housing 100.
  • the matching portion 210 can also be understood as a position of the electrode column 200 away from the inside of the housing 100, and the connecting portion 220 can be understood as other positions of the electrode column 200 except the matching portion 210.
  • the working state of the battery cell 10 may change. If the working state of the battery cell 10 is not monitored in time, it is difficult to achieve thermal runaway warning of the battery cell 10, battery life assessment and/or structural strength failure of the battery housing 100, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the working state of the battery cell 10 to reduce safety risks, etc.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the connection between the battery cell 10 and the bar 300 according to one or more embodiments.
  • the battery cell 10 also includes a detection assembly 400, which includes a detection element 410 and a wire 420.
  • the wire 420 connects the detection element 410 and the connection part 220, so as to energize the detection element 410 through the wire 420 and the electrode column 200, thereby enabling the detection element 410 to realize the corresponding function.
  • the detection element 410 can be used to monitor the status information of the battery cell 10, so as to adjust the battery cell 10 according to the status information of the battery cell 10, improve the cycle performance of the battery cell 10, reduce safety risks, and extend the cycle life of the battery cell 10.
  • the battery cell 10 includes a bar 300, a wire 420 and a detection element 410, and the bar 300, the wire 420 and the detection element 410 all need to be electrically connected to the electrode column 200.
  • the electrode column 200 acts on the bar 300 and the wire 420 at the same time, mutual interference may occur between the bar 300 and the wire 420, between the bar 300 and the electrode column 200, and between the wire 420 and the electrode column 200, resulting in the risk of unstable electrical connections between the bar 300, the wire 420 and the electrode column 200.
  • the wire 420 when the wire 420 connects the detection element 410 and the electrode column 200, the wire 420 only needs to be connected to the connecting part 220, and the bar piece 300 is connected to the matching part 210, and the connecting part 220 is closer to the inside of the shell 100 than the matching part 210, so that when the wire 420 and the bar piece 300 are both electrically connected to the electrode column 200, the wire 420 and the bar piece 300 can form an avoidance, which can reduce the risk of mutual interference between the wire 420 and the bar piece 300.
  • the matching portion 210 of the electrode column 200 is used to electrically connect with the bar piece 300
  • the connecting portion 220 is used to electrically connect with the wire 420
  • the connecting portion 220 is closer to the inside of the shell 100 than the matching portion 210.
  • the detection element 410 includes a temperature sensor, a deformation sensor, or a voltage sensor.
  • the detection element 410 is a voltage sensor
  • the current operating voltage of the battery cell 10 can be detected by the voltage sensor
  • the detection element 410 is a temperature sensor
  • the temperature of the wall 110 is detected by the temperature sensor, and then the current operating temperature of the battery cell 10 is inferred, so as to adjust the working state of the battery cell 10 according to the current operating temperature of the battery cell 10
  • the detection element 410 is a deformation sensor
  • the deformation of the battery cell 10 is detected by the deformation sensor during the charging and discharging process of the battery cell 10, so as to calculate the internal pressure change of the battery cell 10 through the detected deformation. Therefore, the working states of the battery cell 10 such as temperature, deformation and voltage can be detected by different types of detection elements 410, so as to manage the battery cell 10 in a targeted manner according to the current working state of the battery cell 10.
  • the housing 100 includes a shell 120 and an end cap 130, the shell 120 is provided with an open end 121, the end cap 130 is covered at the open end 121, and the electrode column 200 and the detection element 410 are arranged on the end cap 130.
  • the shell 120 may be a hollow structure with an opening, and the shell 120 may be used to accommodate objects such as electrodes, electrolytes and sensor components, and the end cap 130 blocks the open end 121 of the shell 120 to isolate the internal environment of the shell 120 from the external environment.
  • the end cap 130 may be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that the end cap 130 is not easily deformed when squeezed and collided, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell 10.
  • the end cap 130 may also be provided with an explosion-proof component for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 10 reaches a threshold.
  • the end cap 130 and the housing 120 may be made of various materials, for example, the end cap 130 and the housing 120 may be made of materials including but not limited to copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc.
  • the two electrode columns 200 there are two electrode columns 200, the two electrode columns 200 have opposite polarities and are spaced apart, and the detection element 410 is located between the two electrode columns 200.
  • One of the two electrode columns 200 is a positive electrode column, and the other is a negative electrode column.
  • the detection element 410 can be electrically connected to the two electrode columns 200 at the same time through the wire 420, so as to supply power to the detection element 410 through the two electrode columns 200.
  • the detection element 410 and the two electrode columns 200 can be located on the same straight line, the detection element 410 can be located in the middle of the two electrode columns 200, or the detection element 410 can be close to one of the electrode columns 200.
  • the two electrode columns 200 may be located on the same side of the housing 100.
  • the housing 100 when the housing 100 is a polyhedron, multiple sides of the housing 100 may be simultaneously regarded as the wall 110, and the two electrode columns 200 are respectively located on the wall 110 of different sides.
  • the housing 100 when the housing 100 is a rectangular parallelepiped, the top surface and two opposite sides of the rectangular parallelepiped are both the wall 110, and the two electrode columns 200 are respectively located on the two opposite sides.
  • the detection element 410 is located between the two electrode columns 200.
  • the detection element 410 is electrically connected to the two electrode columns 200 at the same time through the wire 420, the length of the wire 420 can be shortened as much as possible to reduce the circuit complexity of the wire 420.
  • the wall portion 110 is provided with mounting holes 111 corresponding to the two electrode columns 200. Each electrode column 200 is disposed in the wall portion 110. Corresponding to the mounting hole 111, the detection element 410 is embedded in the interior of the wall portion 110, and the wire 420 passes through the hole wall of the mounting hole 111 into the mounting hole 111 to connect the electrode column 200.
  • the depth of the mounting hole 111 can be greater than the height of the electrode column 200, so that the end surface of the electrode column 200 can be lower than the surface of the wall portion 110, thereby protecting the electrode column 200 through the mounting hole 111, and the wall portion 110 can also be provided with a concave groove, and the detection element 410 can be located in the groove of the wall portion 110.
  • the depth of the groove of the wall portion 110 can be greater than or equal to the thickness of the detection element 410, so as to minimize the height of the detection element 410 protruding from the surface of the wall portion 110, thereby better protecting the detection element 410.
  • the wire 420 may also be embedded in the wall 110, and the number of the wires 420 may correspond to the number of the electrode columns 200. One end of the wire 420 is connected to the detection element 410, and the other end extends to pass through the hole wall of the mounting hole 111 and is electrically connected to the corresponding electrode column 200.
  • the risk of damage caused by excessive protrusion of the electrode column 200 and the detection element 410 from the wall 110 can be reduced, so that the electrode column 200 and the detection element 410 can be better protected by the wall 110.
  • the wire 420 passes through the hole wall of the mounting hole 111 into the mounting hole 111, and the wire 420 can also be better protected by the wall 110.
  • connection portion 220 is provided through the wall portion 110, and a connection lead 230 for electrically connecting to the wire 420 is connected to the connection portion 220.
  • the connection portion 220 is provided through the wall portion 110, so that at least part of the connection portion 220 can be exposed on the wall portion 110, and one end of the connection lead 230 can be connected to the side of the connection portion 220, so that the detection element 410 can be electrically connected to the electrode column 200 through the wire 420 and the connection lead 230, and the connection lead 230 is led out from the connection portion 220.
  • connection lead 230 can be avoided with the bar sheet 300, and then when the detection element 410 is electrically connected to the connection portion 220 through the wire 420 and the connection lead 230, the wire 420 can be avoided with the bar sheet 300.
  • extending the connecting lead 230 from the connecting portion 220 to electrically connect with the wire 420 through the connecting lead 230 can further reduce the risk of electrical connection failure caused by interference between the bar 300, the wire 420 and the electrode column 200.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the connection between the battery cell 10 and the tab 300 according to one or more embodiments
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the battery cell 10 and the tab 300 shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the housing 100 includes an insulating member 140, which is disposed on a side of the wall 110 away from the interior of the housing 100, and the detection element 410 is disposed on the insulating member 140.
  • the insulating member 140 can be made of plastic, rubber or other insulating materials, and can be in a plate shape.
  • the insulating member 140 can be attached to a side of the wall 110 away from the interior of the housing 100, and the sizes of the two surfaces attached to the insulating member 140 and the wall 110 can match.
  • the two surfaces attached to the insulating member 140 and the wall 110 can be polygonal, circular, etc., and of the two attached surfaces, the surface of the insulating member 140 can be smaller than or equal to the surface of the wall 110.
  • the insulating member 140 can be disposed on the side of the wall 110 away from the inside of the housing 100 by bonding, coating or other means, and the detection element 410 is disposed on the insulating member 140, such as the detection element 410 can be disposed on the side of the insulating member 140 away from the wall 110, or a groove is provided on the side of the insulating member 140 away from the wall 110, and the insulating member 140 is accommodated in the groove, so that the detection element 410 is connected to the wall 110 through the insulating member 140.
  • the insulating member 140 can better protect the detection element 410, and at the same time, the insulating member 140 can also isolate the detection element 410 from the wall 110, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit of the detection element 410.
  • the detection element 410 is embedded in the insulating member 140.
  • the insulating member 140 can provide better protection for the detection element 410, and the detection element 410 and the insulating member 140 can be installed on the wall 110 as an integral component, which can simplify the complexity of the installation between the detection element 410 and the wall 110.
  • the wire 420 includes a main body 421 and an extension 422, the main body 421 is buried in the insulating member 140 and electrically connected to the detection element 410, and the extension 422 connects the main body 421 and the electrode column 200.
  • the detection element 410 is buried in the insulating member 140, and one end of the wire 420 needs to be connected to the detection element 410, so at least part of the wire 420 needs to be buried in the insulating member 140.
  • the wire 420 includes a main body 421 and an extension 422, the main body 421 is buried in the insulating member 140, and the main body 421 and the electrode column 200 are electrically connected through the extension 422.
  • the main body 421 can be better protected by the insulating member 140, and part of the wire 420 is buried in the insulating member 140, and only the extension 422 is exposed outside the insulating member 140, which can reduce the length of the extension 422 and reduce the complexity of the circuit exposed outside the insulating member 140.
  • the insulating member 140 is provided with an avoidance hole 141 penetrating through the opposite surfaces of the insulating member 140, the electrode column 200 is at least partially disposed in the avoidance hole 141, and the wire 420 extends in the insulating member 140 and further extends from the hole wall of the avoidance hole 141 into the avoidance hole 141 to connect the connecting portion 220.
  • the size of the avoidance hole 141 may correspond to the size of the electrode column 200.
  • the radial size of the avoidance hole 141 may be slightly larger than the radial size of the electrode column 200.
  • the electrode column 200 is penetrated in the avoidance hole 141 so as to be surrounded by the outer peripheral side of the electrode column 200 through the avoidance hole 141.
  • the number of the avoidance holes 141 may correspond to the number of the electrode columns 200. For example, when there are two electrode columns 200, the number of the avoidance holes 141 is also two, and one electrode column 200 corresponds to one avoidance hole 141.
  • the detection element 410 and part of the wire 420 can be embedded in the wall portion 110, and the number of the wires 420 can correspond to the number of the electrode columns 200. One end of the wire 420 is connected to the detection element 410, and the other end extends to pass through the hole wall of the avoidance hole 141 and is electrically connected to the corresponding electrode column 200.
  • the electrode column 200 is at least partially arranged in the avoidance hole 141, which can reduce the problem of interference caused by the insulating member 140 when the electrode column 200 is electrically connected to the bar 300.
  • the electrode column 200 is at least partially arranged in the avoidance hole 141, which can also reduce the risk of damage caused by excessive protrusion of the electrode column 200 from the insulating member 140, so that the insulating member 140 and the wall portion 110 can better protect the electrode column 200.
  • the wire 420 passes through the hole wall of the avoidance hole 141 into the avoidance hole 141, which can facilitate the insulating member 140 to better protect the wire 420 and reduce the risk of being exposed to the outside of the insulating member 140. Line complexity.
  • the end face of the electrode column 200 is sunken in the avoidance hole 141 relative to the side of the insulating member 140 that is away from the wall portion 110.
  • the depth of the avoidance hole 141 may be greater than the height of the electrode column 200 protruding from the wall portion 110, so that when the electrode column 200 is disposed in the avoidance hole 141, the end face of the electrode column 200 is sunken in the avoidance hole 141.
  • the risk of damage caused by excessive protrusion of the electrode column 200 from the insulating member 140 can be reduced, so that the insulating member 140 and the wall portion 110 can provide better protection for the electrode column 200.
  • the bar sheet 300 has a fitting surface 310 electrically connected to the matching portion 210, and the fitting surface 310 is provided with a second avoidance groove 311 that is recessed compared to the fitting surface 310, and the second avoidance groove 311 runs through the side of the bar sheet 300, and one end of the wire 420 is inserted into the second avoidance groove 311 through the side of the bar sheet 300.
  • the fitting surface 310 of the bar sheet 300 can be understood as any side of the bar sheet 300 that can achieve electrical connection, and one end of the wire 420 can be inserted into the second avoidance groove 311 to overlap the electrode column 200, so that the detection element 410 is electrically connected to the electrode column 200 through the wire 420.
  • the dimension of the second avoidance groove 311 in the direction parallel to the bonding surface 310 may be slightly larger than the dimension of the wire 420 in the direction parallel to the bonding surface 310, so that when one end of the wire 420 is inserted into the second avoidance groove 311, the wire 420 and the bar 300 can be avoided through the second avoidance groove 311.
  • the second avoidance groove 311 can penetrate the side of the bar 300 facing the detection element 410, so that the wire 420 can be inserted into the second avoidance groove 311, and the length of the wire 420 can be shortened as much as possible, reducing the circuit complexity of the wire 420.
  • the second avoidance groove 311 can also penetrate other sides, which can be set according to actual conditions.
  • a second avoidance groove 311 is opened on the fitting surface 310 of the bar piece 300, and one end of the wire 420 is inserted into the second avoidance groove 311 through the side of the bar piece 300, which can reduce the risk of electrical connection failure caused by interference between the bar piece 300, the wire 420 and the electrode column 200, thereby improving the stability of the electrical connection between the electrode column 200, the bar piece 300 and the wire 420.
  • the size of the second avoidance groove 311 is greater than or equal to the size of the wire 420.
  • One end of the wire 420 connected to the electrode column 200 can be overlapped on a part of the end surface of the electrode column 200, and the height of the wire 420 protruding from the electrode column 200 is the size of the wire 420 in the direction perpendicular to the bonding surface 310.
  • the size of the second avoidance groove 311 in the direction perpendicular to the bonding surface 310 is greater than or equal to the size of one end of the wire 420 in the direction perpendicular to the bonding surface 310, the problem of interference caused by the end surface of the wire 420 protruding from the electrode column 200 and the bonding surface 310 of the tab 300 can be alleviated.
  • the tab 300 includes a first connection portion 320 and a second connection portion 330 bent and connected to the first connection portion 320.
  • the first connection portion 320 is disposed on a side of the insulating member 140 away from the wall portion 110, and the second connection portion 330 has a fitting surface 310.
  • the first connection portion 320 and the second connection portion 330 cooperate to make the tab 300 Z-shaped.
  • the circumferential dimension of the second connection portion 330 may be smaller than the circumferential dimension of the avoidance hole 141, so that when the end face of the electrode column 200 is sunk in the avoidance hole 141 at a side of the insulating member 140 away from the wall portion 110, the tab 300 can still extend into the avoidance hole 141 through the second connection portion 330 to be electrically connected to the fitting portion 210 of the electrode column 200.
  • the first connection portion 320 can be overlapped on the surface of the insulating member 140 away from the wall portion 110, so that the first connection portion 320 is supported by the insulating member 140 to relieve the pressure applied by the bar piece 300 to the electrode column 200.
  • the position interference of the insulating member 140 on the bar piece 300 is reduced, which facilitates the electrical connection between the bar piece 300 and the pole, and improves the stability of the electrical connection between the bar piece 300 and the pole.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery cell 10 according to one or more embodiments
  • FIG. 8 is an exploded schematic diagram of a partial structure of the battery cell 10 shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the connecting portion 220 has a plug hole 221, and one end of the wire 420 is inserted into the plug hole 221.
  • the plug hole 221 can be a through hole or a blind hole, and the size of the plug hole 221 can match the size of the wire 420, so that when the wire 420 is inserted into the plug hole 221, the stability of the connection between the wire 420 and the plug hole 221 can be improved.
  • the plug hole 221 is located in the connecting portion 220, the bar 300 is connected to the matching portion 210, and the connecting portion 220 is closer to the inside of the housing 100 than the matching portion 210. When one end of the wire 420 is inserted into the plug hole 221, the wire 420 can avoid the fitting surface 310 of the bar 300.
  • the connecting part 220 is provided with a plug hole 221, and the wire 420 is inserted into the plug hole 221, which can improve the stability of the electrical connection between the electrode column 200 and the wire 420, and the wire 420 inserted into the plug hole 221 can further reduce the risk of electrical connection failure caused by interference between the bar 300, the wire 420 and the electrode column 200, thereby improving the stability of the electrical connection between the electrode column 200, the bar 300 and the wire 420.
  • the opening of the plug hole 221 faces the detection element 410.
  • the wire 420 can be inserted into the plug hole 221 through the opening of the plug hole 221.
  • the wire 420 can be connected to the detection element 410 and the electrode column 200 in a straight line, thereby shortening the length of the wire 420 as much as possible and reducing the line complexity of the wire 420.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery cell 10 according to one or more embodiments; and FIG. 10 is an exploded schematic diagram of a partial structure of the battery cell 10 shown in FIG. 9 .
  • the mating portion 210 is provided with a first avoidance groove 222, and the plug hole 221 extends to connect to the first avoidance groove 222.
  • the first avoidance groove 222 may be provided on the end surface of the mating portion 210, the first avoidance groove 222 is recessed compared to the end surface of the mating portion 210, and the plug hole 221 extends to connect to the first avoidance groove 222, which can facilitate the insertion of the wire 420 from the first avoidance groove 222 into the plug hole 221, thereby improving the convenience of inserting the wire 420 into the plug hole 221.
  • the first avoidance groove 222 may penetrate the side of the bar sheet 300 facing the detection element 410, which can shorten the length of the wire 420 as much as possible and reduce the circuit complexity of the wire 420. In other embodiments, the first avoidance groove 222 may also penetrate other side surfaces perpendicular to the fitting surface 310, which may be set according to actual conditions.
  • the width of the first avoidance groove 222 can be greater than or equal to the width of the wire 420, so that the wire 420 can be inserted into the plug hole 221 through the first avoidance groove 222.
  • the hole 221 is convenient for forming the plug hole 221 and for inserting the wire 420 into the plug hole 221. When the wire 420 is connected to the plug hole 221, the risk of electrical connection failure caused by interference between the bar 300, the wire 420 and the electrode column 200 can be reduced.
  • the wire 420 is sunken in the insertion hole 221 in the thickness direction of the wire 420.
  • the dimension of the insertion hole 221 in the thickness direction of the wire 420 is greater than or equal to the dimension of the wire 420 in the thickness direction, so that the wire 420 is sunken in the insertion hole 221.
  • the wire 420 can be relieved from protruding from the insertion hole 221 in the thickness direction, so as to reduce the risk of interference between the bar 300, the wire 420 and the electrode column 200, resulting in electrical connection failure.
  • connection lead 230 When the connection part 220 is connected with a connection lead 230 for electrically connecting to the wire 420, the connection lead 230 can extend from the inside of the plug hole 221 to the outside of the plug hole 221, so that the connection lead 230 and the bar 300 are avoided, and the connection lead 230 can be electrically connected to the wire 420.
  • the connection lead 230 can be set at other parts of the connection part 220, and the position where the connection lead 230 is set can be spaced from the plug hole 221.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell 10 according to one or more embodiments.
  • the battery cell 10 includes a circuit board 500 disposed on the housing 100, and the circuit board 500 is electrically connected to the detection element 410.
  • the circuit board 500 can be disposed at any position of the battery cell 10.
  • the circuit board 500 can be located at any outer side of the housing 100 of the battery cell 10.
  • the circuit board 500 can also be located at the top of the housing 100, so that the detection element 410 is electrically connected to the circuit board 500.
  • the circuit board 500 can also be located at a position of the battery cell 10 close to the electrode column 200, so as to power the battery cell 10 through the electrode column 200.
  • the circuit board 500 can send a control signal to the detection element 410, so that the detection element 410 can detect the voltage, deformation, temperature and other information of the battery cell 10 according to the received control signal, and the circuit board 500 can also receive information detected by the sensor, and then perform targeted management on the battery cell 10 according to the received information.
  • the circuit board 500 can provide a control signal to the detection element 410 so that the detection element 410 can detect the state of the battery cell 10 and manage the battery cell 10 in a targeted manner according to the information detected by the detection element 410 .
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a structure in which a battery management system 30 is connected to a battery cell 10 according to one or more embodiments.
  • the battery includes a battery management system 30, and the battery management system 30 is electrically connected to the detection element 410.
  • the battery management system 30 (BMS) can have a great impact on the safe operation of the electric vehicle, the selection of the vehicle control strategy, the selection of the charging mode, and the operating cost. Whether in the operation of the vehicle or in the charging process, the battery management system 30 must complete the real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis of the state of the battery system, and inform the vehicle controller or the charger through the bus, so as to adopt a reasonable control strategy to achieve the purpose of using the battery system effectively and efficiently.
  • the battery management system 30 can be electrically connected to the electrode column 200 of multiple battery cells 10 and the detection element 410 at the same time, so as to monitor the state of the battery cell voltage, temperature and module current of multiple battery cells 10 at the same time through the battery management system 30, and perform battery balancing control and fault diagnosis, etc. Therefore, the battery management system 30 can provide a control signal to the detection element 410, so that the detection element 410 can detect the state of the battery cell 10, and it is convenient to carry out targeted management of the battery cell 10 according to the information detected by the detection element 410.
  • the battery cell 10 includes an electrode column 200, and the electrode column 200 has a mating portion 210 and a connecting portion 220.
  • the mating portion 210 of the electrode column 200 is used to electrically connect to the bar piece 300
  • the connecting portion 220 is used to electrically connect to the wire 420.
  • the connecting portion 220 is closer to the inside of the shell 100 than the mating portion 210. This can enable the electrode column 200 to be electrically connected to the bar piece 300 and the wire 420 while reducing the risk of electrical connection failure caused by interference between the bar piece 300, the wire 420 and the electrode column 200, thereby improving the stability of the electrical connection between the electrode column 200, the bar piece 300 and the wire 420.

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Abstract

一种电池单体、电池和用电装置。该电池单体包括：外壳、电极柱和检测组件，外壳包括壁部；电极柱设置于壁部，且电极柱具有连接设置的配合部和连接部，配合部用于与巴片电连接，连接部相较配合部更靠近外壳内部；检测组件包括检测元件和导线，导线连接检测元件和连接部。由此，电极柱的配合部用于与巴片电连接，连接部用于与导线电连接，且连接部相较配合部更靠近外壳内部，可使电极柱同时电连接巴片和导线时，降低巴片、导线和电极柱之间产生干涉导致电连接失效等风险，从而提高电极柱与巴片和导线之间电连接的稳定性。

Description

电池单体、电池和用电装置
本申请要求于2023年07月07日提交的申请号为2023217815485，发明名称为“一种电池单体、电池和用电装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其通过引用方式全部并入本申请。
【技术领域】
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种电池单体、电池和用电装置。
【背景技术】
节能减排是可持续发展的关键，也就促进了能源结构的调整，推动了电池技术的发展与应用。例如，一些用电装置中设置有电池，通过电池放电为用电装置提供能量，在电池储能不足时，也可为电池充电以存储更多电能。
电池一般包括一个或两个以上的电池单体。电池单体包括电极柱，电极柱可用于为其他的功能部件供电，当电池包括多个电池单体时，多个电池单体之间可通过电极柱实现电连接，然而当电极柱同时作用在多个部件上时，多个部件之间以及多个部件与电极柱之间可能产生干涉导致电连接不稳定等风险。
【发明内容】
本申请的主要目的是提供一种，旨在解决现有技术中存在的上述技术问题。
为解决上述问题，本申请提供了一种电池单体，电池单体包括：外壳、电极柱和检测组件，外壳包括壁部；电极柱设置于壁部，且电极柱具有连接设置的配合部和连接部，配合部用于与巴片电连接，连接部相较配合部更靠近外壳内部；检测组件包括检测元件和导线，导线连接检测元件和连接部。由此，电极柱的配合部用于与巴片电连接，连接部用于与导线电连接，且连接部相较配合部更靠近外壳内部，可使电极柱同时电连接巴片和导线时，降低巴片、导线和电极柱之间产生干涉导致电连接失效等风险，从而提高电极柱与巴片和导线之间电连接的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，连接部具有插接孔，导线的一端插置于插接孔中。由此，连接部开设有插接孔，导线插置于插接孔中，能够提高电极柱与导线电连接的稳定性，并且导线插置于插接孔中还能够进一步降低巴片、导线和电极柱之间产生干涉导致电连接失效等风险，从而提高电极柱与巴片和导线之间电连接的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，插接孔的开口朝向检测元件。由此，可便于将导线插置于插接孔中，以及可尽量缩短导线的长度，减少导线的线路复杂性。
在一些实施例中，配合部开设有第一避让槽，插接孔延伸至连通第一避让槽。由此，在配合部上开设第一避让槽，第一避让槽连通插接孔，便于成型插接孔，以及便于将导线插置于插接孔中，并且导线连接在插接孔中时，能够降低巴片、导线和电极柱之间产生干涉导致电连接失效等风险。
在一些实施例中，导线在导线的厚度方向上沉设于插接孔。由此，能够缓解导线在厚度方向上突出于插接孔，以降低巴片、导线和电极柱之间产生干涉导致电连接失效等风险。
在一些实施例中，电极柱的数目为两个，两个电极柱的极性相反，且间隔设置，检测元件位于两个电极柱之间。由此，检测元件位于两个电极柱之间，当检测元件通过导线同时与两个电极柱电连接时，可尽量缩短导线的长度，减少导线的线路复杂性。
在一些实施例中，壁部开设有与两个电极柱一一对应的安装孔，每个电极柱穿设于相应的安装孔，检测元件嵌设于壁部，导线经安装孔的孔壁穿出至安装孔内，以连接电极柱。由此，通过将电极柱穿设于安装孔内，检测元件嵌设在壁部内部，可以降低电极柱以及检测元件过度凸出于壁部所带来的损害风险，从而可通过壁部对电极柱以及检测元件起到较好的保护作用，同时导线经安装孔的孔壁穿出至安装孔内，也能够通过壁部对导线起到较好的保护作用。
在一些实施例中，外壳包括绝缘件，绝缘件设置于壁部远离外壳内部的一侧，检测元件设置于绝缘件。由此，通过将检测元件设置于绝缘件，能够通过绝缘件对检测元件起到较好的保护作用，同时也能够通过绝缘件隔离检测元件与壁部，降低检测元件出现短路等风险。
在一些实施例中，所述检测元件埋设于绝缘件内。由此，可通过绝缘件对检测元件起到较好的保护作用，并且检测元件和绝缘件可作为一体构件安装在壁部上，可简化检测元件与壁部之间安装的复杂性。
在一些实施例中，导线包括主体部和延伸部，主体部埋设于绝缘件内，并与检测元件电连接，延伸部连接主体部和连接部。由此，主体部埋设于绝缘件内，并通过延伸部电连接主体部和电极柱，可通过绝缘 件对主体部起到较好的保护作用，且将部分导线埋设于绝缘件内，只有延伸部外露于减少绝缘件外侧，可减少延伸部的长度，减少外露于绝缘件外侧的线路复杂性。
在一些实施例中，绝缘件设有贯穿绝缘件相背两侧表面的避让孔，电极柱至少部分设置于避让孔内，导线在绝缘件内延伸并进一步从避让孔的孔壁延伸至避让孔内，以连接连接部。由此，电极柱至少部分设置于避让孔内可以降低绝缘件对电极柱与巴片电连接时产生干涉的问题，并且电极柱至少部分设置于避让孔内，还可以降低电极柱过度凸出于绝缘件所带来的损害风险，从而可通过绝缘件和壁部对电极柱起到较好的保护作用，同时导线经避让孔的孔壁穿出至避让孔内，能够便于通过绝缘件对导线起到较好的保护效果，以及减少外露于绝缘件外侧的线路复杂性。
在一些实施例中，电极柱的端面相较于绝缘件远离壁部的一侧面沉设于避让孔内。由此，通过将电极柱的端面沉设于避让孔内，能够降低电极柱过度凸出于绝缘件所带来的损害风险，从而可通过绝缘件和壁部对电极柱起到较好的保护作用。
在一些实施例中，连接部穿设于壁部，连接部上连接设置有用于与导线电连接的连接引线。由此，从连接部延伸连接引线，以通过连接引线与导线电连接，能够进一步降低巴片、导线和电极柱之间产生干涉导致电连接失效等风险。
在一些实施例中，检测元件包括温度传感器、形变传感器或电压传感器。由此，可通过检测元件的不同类型检测电池单体的温度、形变和电压等工作状态，以便于根据电池单体的当前工作状态对电池单体进行针对性的管理。
在一些实施例中，外壳包括壳体和端盖，壳体设有开口端，端盖盖设于开口端，电极柱和检测元件设置于端盖。由此，通过将电极柱和检测元件设置于端盖，可便于对检测元件以及电极柱进行安装固定。
在一些实施例中，电池单体包括设置在外壳上的电路板，电路板与检测元件电连接。由此，可通过电路板为检测元件提供控制信号，以便于检测元件对电池单体的状态进行检测，以及便于根据检测元件检测的信息对电池单体进行针对性管理。
为解决上述问题，本申请提供了一种电池，电池包括上述的电池单体。
在一些实施例中，电池包括多个电池单体，多个电池单体的电极柱通过巴片电连接，巴片具有与配合部电连接的贴合面，贴合面开设有相较于贴合面凹陷的第二避让槽，第二避让槽贯穿巴片的侧面，导线的一端经巴片的侧面插置于第二避让槽内。由此，在巴片的贴合面开设有第二避让槽，导线的一端经巴片的侧面插置于第二避让槽内，能够降低巴片、导线和电极柱之间产生干涉导致电连接失效等风险，从而提高电极柱与巴片和导线之间电连接的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，在垂直于贴合面的方向上，第二避让槽的尺寸大于或等于导线的尺寸。由此，能够缓解导线在垂直于贴合面的方向上抵接巴片，以降低巴片、导线和电极柱之间产生干涉导致电连接失效等风险。
在一些实施例中，外壳包括绝缘件，绝缘件设置于壁部远离外壳内部的一侧，检测元件设置于绝缘件，巴片包括第一连接部和与第一连接部弯折连接的第二连接部，第一连接部设置于绝缘件背离壁部的一侧，第二连接部具有贴合面。由此，通过第一连接部设置于绝缘件背离壁部的一侧，并在第二连接部设置贴合面与配合部电连接，降低绝缘件对巴片的位置干涉，便于实现巴片与极柱电连接，以及提高巴片与极柱电连接的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，电池包括电池管理系统，电池管理系统与检测元件电连接。由此，可通过电池管理系统为检测元件提供控制信号，以便于检测元件对电池单体的状态进行检测，以及便于根据检测元件检测的信息对电池单体进行针对性管理。
为解决上述问题，本申请提供了一种用电装置，用电装置包括上述的电池。
【附图说明】
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是根据一个或多个实施例的车辆的结构示意图；
图2是根据一个或多个实施例的电池的分解结构示意图；
图3是根据一个或多个实施例的电池单体与巴片的分解结构示意图；
图4是根据一个或多个实施例的电池单体与巴片连接的局部示意图；
图5是根据一个或多个实施例的电池单体与巴片连接的局部结构示意图；
图6是根据图5所示的电池单体与巴片的分解结构示意图；
图7是根据一个或多个实施例的电池单体的局部结构示意图；
图8是根据图7所示的电池单体的局部结构的分解示意图；
图9是根据一个或多个实施例的电池单体的局部结构示意图；
图10是根据图9所示的电池单体的局部结构的分解示意图；
图11是根据一个或多个实施例的电池单体的结构示意图；
图12是根据一个或多个实施例的电池管理系统与电池单体连接的结构示意框图。
附图标号：电动车辆1；电池2；控制器3；马达4；箱体20；第一部分21；第二部分22；电池管理系统30；电池单体10；外壳100；壁部110；安装孔111；壳体120；开口端121；端盖130；绝缘件140；避让孔141；电极柱200；电极组件201；配合部210；连接部220；连接引线230；插接孔221；第一避让槽222；巴片300；贴合面310；第二避让槽311；第一连接部320；第二连接部330；检测组件400；检测元件410；导线420；主体部421；延伸部422；电路板500。
【具体实施方式】
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，电池的应用越加广泛。电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
本领域中所提到的电池按是否可充电可以分为一次性电池和可充电电池。一次性电池(Primary Battery)也称为“用完即弃”电池及原电池，因为它们的电量耗尽后，无法再充电使用，只能丢弃。可充电电池又称为二次电池(Secondary Battery)或二级电池、蓄电池。可充电电池的制造材料和工艺与一次电池不同，其优点是在充电后可多次循环使用，可充电电池的输出电流负荷力要比大部分一次性电池高。目前常见的可充电电池的类型有：铅酸电池、镍氢电池和锂离子电池。锂离子电池具有重量轻、容量大(容量是同重量的镍氢电池的1.5倍～2倍)、无记忆效应等优点，且具有很低的自放电率，因而即使价格相对较高，仍然得到了普遍应用。锂离子电池目前也广泛应用于纯电动车及混合动力车，用于这种用途的锂离子电池的容量相对略低，但有较大的输出、充电电流，也有较长的使用寿命，但成本较高。
本申请实施方式中所描述的电池是指可充电电池或一次性电池。下文中将主要以锂离子电池为例来描 述本申请公开的实施方式。应当理解的是，本申请公开的实施方式对于其他任意适当类型的可充电电池都是适用的。本申请中公开的实施方式所提到的电池可以直接或者间接应用于适当的装置中来为该装置供电。
本申请提供了一种用电装置，用电装置可以包括但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。其中，用电装置可包括电池，用电装置可通过电池提供电能以实现对应功能。
本申请还提供了一种电动车辆，电动车辆可包括电池。
请参照图1，图1是根据一个或多个实施例的车辆的结构示意图。
车辆1可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1的内部设置有电池2，电池2可以设置在车辆1的底部或头部或尾部。电池可以用于车辆1的供电，例如，电池可以作为车辆1的操作电源。车辆1还可以包括控制器3和马达4，控制器3用来控制电池为马达4供电，例如，用于车辆1的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池2不仅可以作为车辆1的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1提供驱动动力。
为了提高用电装置的性能，本申请还提供了一种电池，参见图2，图2是根据一个或多个实施例的电池的分解结构示意图。
电池的形状可以包括但不限于方形圆柱形或其他任意的形状。
在一些实施方式中，电池2可包括箱体20和电池单体10，电池单体10容纳于箱体20内。箱体20用于为电池单体10提供容纳空间，箱体20可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体20可以包括第一部分21和第二部分22，第一部分21与第二部分22相互盖合，第一部分21和第二部分22共同限定出用于容纳电池单体10的容纳空间。第二部分22可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部分21可以为板状结构，第一部分21盖合于第二部分22的开口侧，以使第一部分21与第二部分22共同限定出容纳空间；第一部分21和第二部分22也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分21的开口侧盖合于第二部分22的开口侧。
电池单体10包括但不限于锂离子电池、钠离子电池、钠锂离子电池、锂金属电池、钠金属电池、锂硫电池、镁离子电池、镍氢电池、镍镉电池、铅蓄电池等。电池单体10的制作方式包括叠片式和卷绕式，即电池单体10分为叠片电池和卷绕电池两种。叠片电池集流效果均匀，电池内阻较小，比功率大，但为了保证精度，对模具精度要求极高，设备投入高，而且工艺较为复杂，生产效率低下。卷绕电池制作简单，制片、装配过程对设备精度要求一般，生产效率高，成本较低。在性能方面，卷绕电池拥有卓越的高低温性能，充电非常迅速，拥有超长寿命，平稳的高输出电压，结构坚固、抗震性强。
在电池2中，电池单体10可以是多个，多个电池单体10之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体10中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体10之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体10构成的整体容纳于箱体20内；当然，电池2也可以是多个电池单体10先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体20内。
电池2还可以包括其他结构，例如，电池2还可以包括巴片等汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体10之间的电连接。
参见图3，图3是根据一个或多个实施例的电池单体与巴片的分解结构示意图。
电池单体10可包括外壳100和电极柱200。外壳100可作为电极柱200和巴片300的承载体，以使电极柱200和巴片300直接或间接与外壳100连接。电极柱200可用于作为电池单体10的充放电接口。
外壳100可将电池单体10的内部环境与外部环境隔绝，外壳100可具有一定的硬度和强度，使得外壳100受挤压碰撞时不易发生形变，提高电池单体10的安全性能。外壳100可以呈任意形状，例如外壳100的形状包括但不限于方形、圆柱形、棱柱形等，外壳100可以是内部中空结构，外壳100的内部可用于容纳电极和电解液等物体。
电极柱200可用于电池单体10与外部电路的连接，以作为电池单体10的充放电接口，具体地，电池单体10还可包括电极组件201，电极组件201可放置在外壳100内部，电极组件201可以是电池单体10中发生电化学反应的部件。外壳100内可以包含一个或更多个电极组件201。电极组件201主要由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电极组件201的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池单体10的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳连接电极柱200以形成电流回路。
巴片300可用于配合电极柱200使多个电池单体10之间串联或并联或混联组成电池模块的形式，然后将整个电池模块容纳于箱体20内从而形成电池2。
外壳100包括壁部110，电极柱200设置于壁部110，且电极柱200具有连接设置的配合部210和连接部220，配合部210用于与巴片300电连接，连接部220相较配合部210更靠近外壳100内部。壁部110可以是外壳100的任意一侧壁，示例性地，当外壳100为方形时，方形外壳100的六个侧面所对应的部位均可作为本实施例的壁部110。电极柱200可穿设于壁部110，电极柱200在朝向外壳100内部一侧可与外壳100内部的电极组件201电连接，电极柱200在背离外壳100内部一侧可裸露于外壳100外部，以便于作为配合部210与巴片300电连接。其中，配合部210可以理解为电极柱200远离外壳100内部的端面，连接部220则可以理解为除电极柱200远离外壳100内部的端面的其他位置。或者配合部210也可以理解为电极柱200远离外壳100内部的一个部位，连接部220则可以理解为电极柱200除配合部210以外的其他位置。
其中，电池单体10在使用的过程中，电池单体10的工作状态可能出现变化，如果不及时监测电池单体10的工作状态，则难以实现电池单体10热失控预警、电池寿命评估和/或电池外壳100的结构强度失效等等。因此，需要对电池单体10的工作状态进行监控，从而降低安全风险等。
结合图4，图4是根据一个或多个实施例的电池单体10与巴片300连接的局部示意图。
电池单体10还包括检测组件400，检测组件400包括检测元件410和导线420，导线420连接检测元件410和连接部220，以通过导线420和电极柱200为检测元件410进行通电，进而使得检测元件410可实现相应功能。示例性地，检测元件410可用于监测电池单体10的状态信息，以便于根据电池单体10的状态信息对电池单体10进行调控，改善电池单体10的循环性能，降低安全风险，延长电池单体10的循环寿命等。然而，电池单体10同时包括巴片300、导线420和检测元件410，并且巴片300、导线420和检测组件400均需与电极柱200之间进行电连接，当电极柱200同时作用在巴片300和导线420上时，巴片300和导线420之间、巴片300和电极柱200之间以及导线420和电极柱200之间可能产生相互干涉的情况，以出现巴片300、导线420与电极柱200之间电连接均不稳定等风险。在本实施例中，在导线420连接检测元件410和电极柱200时，导线420只需要连接连接部220，巴片300连接配合部210，并且连接部220相较配合部210更靠近外壳100内部，以使得导线420和巴片300均与电极柱200电连接时，导线420与巴片300能够形成避让，可降低导线420和巴片300之间出现相互干涉的风险。
通过上述实施方式，电极柱200的配合部210用于与巴片300电连接，连接部220用于与导线420电连接，且连接部220相较配合部210更靠近外壳100内部，可使电极柱200同时电连接巴片300和导线420时，降低巴片300、导线420和电极柱200之间产生干涉导致电连接失效等风险，从而提高电极柱200与巴片300和导线420之间电连接的稳定性。
在一些实施例中，检测元件410包括温度传感器、形变传感器或电压传感器。当检测元件410为电压传感器，可通过电压传感器来检测电池单体10的当前工作电压；当检测元件410为温度传感器时，通过温度传感器检测壁部110的温度，进而推测出电池单体10的当前工作温度，便于根据电池单体10的当前工作温度调整电池单体10的工作状态；当检测元件410为形变传感器时，通过形变传感器在电池单体10充放电的过程中检测电池单体10产生的形变，以便于通过检测的形变量，计算出电池单体10的内部压强变化等。由此，可通过检测元件410的不同类型检测电池单体10的温度、形变和电压等工作状态，以便于根据电池单体10的当前工作状态对电池单体10进行针对性的管理。
在一些实施例中，外壳100包括壳体120和端盖130，壳体120设有开口端121，端盖130盖设于开口端121，电极柱200和检测元件410设置于端盖130。壳体120可以呈中空且具有开口的结构，壳体120可用于容纳电极、电解液和传感器组件等物体，端盖130封堵壳体120的开口端121，以将壳体120的内部环境与外部环境隔绝。端盖130可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，使端盖130在受挤压碰撞时不易发生形变，提高电池单体10的安全性能。端盖130上还可以设置有用于在电池单体10的内部压力或温度达到阈值时泄放内部压力的防爆件。端盖130和壳体120的材质也可以是多种的，比如，端盖130和壳体120的材质包括但不限于铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等。由此，通过将电极柱200和检测元件410设置于端盖130，可便于对检测元件410以及电极柱200进行安装固定等。
在一些实施例中，电极柱200的数目为两个，两个电极柱200的极性相反，且间隔设置，检测元件410位于两个电极柱200之间。两个电极柱200中的一者为正极极柱，另一者为负极极柱，检测元件410可通过导线420同时与两个电极柱200电连接，以通过两个电极柱200为检测元件410供电。检测元件410和两个电极柱200可位于同一直线上，检测元件410可位于两个电极柱200的中间位置，或者检测元件410可靠近其中一个电极柱200。在其他一些实施例中，两个电极柱200可位于外壳100的同一侧，示例性地，当外壳100呈多面体时，可同时将外壳100的多个侧面视为壁部110，两个电极柱200分别位于不同侧面的壁部110，例如当外壳100为长方体时，长方体的顶面和相对的两个侧面均为壁部110，两个电极柱200则分别位于相对的两个侧面。由此，检测元件410位于两个电极柱200之间，当检测元件410通过导线420同时与两个电极柱200电连接时，可尽量缩短导线420的长度，减少导线420的线路复杂性。
在一些实施例中，壁部110开设有与两个电极柱200一一对应的安装孔111，每个电极柱200穿设于 相应的安装孔111，检测元件410嵌设于壁部110的内部，导线420经安装孔111的孔壁穿出至安装孔111内，以连接电极柱200。安装孔111的深度可大于电极柱200的高度，以使电极柱200的端面可低于壁部110表面，从而通过安装孔111对电极柱200起到保护作用，壁部110还可以开设有凹陷的凹槽，检测元件410可位于壁部110的凹槽内，进一步地，壁部110的凹槽深度可大于或等于检测元件410的厚度，以尽量减少检测元件410凸出于壁部110表面的高度，从而对检测元件410起到较好的保护作用。导线420也可嵌设于壁部110，导线420的数量可与电极柱200的数量一一对应，导线420的一端与检测元件410连接，另一端延伸至穿过安装孔111的孔壁并与其对应的电极柱200电连接。由此，通过将电极柱200穿设于安装孔111内，检测元件410嵌设在壁部110内部，可以降低电极柱200以及检测元件410过度凸出于壁部110所带来的损害风险，从而可通过壁部110对电极柱200以及检测元件410起到较好的保护作用，同时导线420经安装孔111的孔壁穿出至安装孔111内，也能够通过壁部110对导线420起到较好的保护作用。
在一些实施例中，连接部220穿设于壁部110，连接部220上连接设置有用于与导线420电连接的连接引线230。连接部220穿设于壁部110，可使得至少部分连接部220可显露于壁部110，连接引线230的一端可连接于连接部220的侧部，以使检测元件410可通过导线420和连接引线230与电极柱200电连接，并且连接引线230是从连接部220引出，由于连接部220相较配合部210更靠近外壳100内部，可使得连接引线230与巴片300形成避让，进而在检测元件410通过导线420和连接引线230与连接部220电连接时，能够使得导线420与巴片300形成避让。由此，从连接部220延伸连接引线230，以通过连接引线230与导线420电连接，能够进一步降低巴片300、导线420和电极柱200之间产生干涉导致电连接失效等风险。
参见图5和图6，图5是根据一个或多个实施例的电池单体10与巴片300连接的局部结构示意图，图6是根据图5所示的电池单体10与巴片300的分解结构示意图。
外壳100包括绝缘件140，绝缘件140设置于壁部110远离外壳100内部的一侧，检测元件410设置于绝缘件140。绝缘件140可采用塑胶材质、橡胶材质或其他绝缘材料制作，绝缘件140可以呈板状，绝缘件140可贴设在壁部110远离外壳100内部的一侧面，绝缘件140和壁部110贴合的两个表面的大小可相匹配，示例性地，绝缘件140和壁部110贴合的两个表面均可为多边形、圆形等等，两个贴合的表面中，绝缘件140的表面可小于或等于壁部110的表面。绝缘件140可通过粘接、涂覆或者其他方式设置于壁部110远离外壳100内部一侧，检测元件410设置于绝缘件140，如检测元件410可设置于绝缘件140背离壁部110一侧面，或者在绝缘件140的背离壁部110一侧面开设有槽，通过将绝缘件140容置于槽内，以使得检测元件410通过绝缘件140与壁部110连接。由此，通过将检测元件410设置于绝缘件140，能够通过绝缘件140对检测元件410起到较好的保护作用，同时也能够通过绝缘件140隔离检测元件410与壁部110，降低检测元件410出现短路等风险。
进一步地，检测元件410埋设于绝缘件140内。由此，可通过绝缘件140对检测元件410起到较好的保护作用，并且检测元件410和绝缘件140可作为一体构件安装在壁部110上，可简化检测元件410与壁部110之间安装的复杂性。
进一步地，导线420包括主体部421和延伸部422，主体部421埋设于绝缘件140内，并与检测元件410电连接，延伸部422连接主体部421和电极柱200。检测元件410埋设于绝缘件140内，导线420的一端需要与检测元件410连接，因此至少部分导线420需要埋设于绝缘件140内，在本实施例中，导线420包括主体部421和延伸部422，主体部421埋设于绝缘件140内，并通过延伸部422电连接主体部421和电极柱200，可通过绝缘件140对主体部421起到较好的保护作用，且将部分导线420埋设于绝缘件140内，只有延伸部422外露于减少绝缘件140外侧，可减少延伸部422的长度，减少外露于绝缘件140外侧的线路复杂性。
在一些实施例中，绝缘件140设有贯穿绝缘件140相背两侧表面的避让孔141，电极柱200至少部分设置于避让孔141内，导线420在绝缘件140内延伸并进一步从避让孔141的孔壁延伸至避让孔141内，以连接连接部220。避让孔141的尺寸可与电极柱200的尺寸对应，示例性地，避让孔141的径向尺寸可略大于电极柱200的径向尺寸，电极柱200穿设在避让孔141内，以通过避让孔141围设于电极柱200的外周侧。避让孔141的数量可与电极柱200的数量呈对应关系，示例性地，当电极柱200为两个时，避让孔141的数量同样为两个，一个电极柱200对应一个避让孔141。检测元件410和部分导线420均可嵌设于壁部110，导线420的数量可与电极柱200的数量一一对应，导线420的一端与检测元件410连接，另一端延伸至穿过避让孔141的孔壁并与其对应的电极柱200电连接。由此，电极柱200至少部分设置于避让孔141内可以降低绝缘件140对电极柱200与巴片300电连接时产生干涉的问题，并且电极柱200至少部分设置于避让孔141内，还可以降低电极柱200过度凸出于绝缘件140所带来的损害风险，从而可通过绝缘件140和壁部110对电极柱200起到较好的保护作用，同时导线420经避让孔141的孔壁穿出至避让孔141内，能够便于通过绝缘件140对导线420起到较好的保护效果，以及减少外露于绝缘件140外侧的 线路复杂性。
进一步地，电极柱200的端面相较于绝缘件140远离壁部110的一侧面沉设于避让孔141内。避让孔141的深度可大于电极柱200突出于壁部110的高度，以使得电极柱200设置于避让孔141中时，电极柱200的端面沉设于避让孔141中，由此，通过将电极柱200的端面沉设于避让孔141内，能够降低电极柱200过度凸出于绝缘件140所带来的损害风险，从而可通过绝缘件140和壁部110对电极柱200起到较好的保护作用。
在一些实施例中，巴片300具有与配合部210电连接的贴合面310，贴合面310开设有相较于贴合面310凹陷的第二避让槽311，第二避让槽311贯穿巴片300的侧面，导线420的一端经巴片300的侧面插置于第二避让槽311内。巴片300的贴合面310可以理解为巴片300中可实现电连接的任意一面，导线420的一端可通过插置于第二避让槽311内以搭接在电极柱200上，使得检测元件410通过导线420与电极柱200实现电连接。第二避让槽311在平行于贴合面310方向上的尺寸可略大于导线420在平行于贴合面310方向上的尺寸，以在导线420的一端插置于第二避让槽311时，可通过第二避让槽311使得导线420与巴片300形成避让。第二避让槽311可贯穿巴片300朝向检测元件410的侧面，以便于导线420插置于第二避让槽311，且可尽量缩短导线420的长度，减少导线420的线路复杂性。在其他实施例中，第二避让槽311也可贯穿其他侧面，具体可根据实际情况设定。由此，在巴片300的贴合面310开设有第二避让槽311，导线420的一端经巴片300的侧面插置于第二避让槽311内，能够降低巴片300、导线420和电极柱200之间产生干涉导致电连接失效等风险，从而提高电极柱200与巴片300和导线420之间电连接的稳定性。
进一步地，在垂直于贴合面310的方向上，第二避让槽311的尺寸大于或等于导线420的尺寸。导线420与电极柱200连接的一端可搭接在电极柱200的部分端面上，导线420突出于电极柱200的高度即为导线420在垂直于贴合面310的方向上的尺寸。当第二避让槽311在垂直于贴合面310的方向上的尺寸大于或等于导线420的一端在垂直于贴合面310的方向上的尺寸时，可以缓解由于导线420突出于电极柱200的端面对巴片300的贴合面310造成干涉的问题。
在一些实施例中，巴片300包括第一连接部320和与第一连接部320弯折连接的第二连接部330，第一连接部320设置于绝缘件140背离壁部110的一侧，第二连接部330具有贴合面310。第一连接部320和第二连接部330配合使得巴片300呈Z字型，第二连接部330的周向尺寸可小于避让孔141的周向尺寸，以在电极柱200的端面相较于绝缘件140远离壁部110的一侧面沉设于避让孔141内的情况下，巴片300仍然可以通过第二连接部330伸入避让孔141中以与电极柱200的配合部210电连接。第一连接部320可搭接在绝缘件140背离壁部110的表面上，以通过绝缘件140承载第一连接部320，缓解巴片300施加至电极柱200上的压力。由此，通过第一连接部320设置于绝缘件140背离壁部110的一侧，并在第二连接部330设置贴合面310与配合部210电连接，降低绝缘件140对巴片300的位置干涉，便于实现巴片300与极柱电连接，以及提高巴片300与极柱电连接的稳定性。
参见图7和图8，图7是根据一个或多个实施例的电池单体10的局部结构示意图，图8是根据图7所示的电池单体10的局部结构的分解示意图。
连接部220具有插接孔221，导线420的一端插置于插接孔221中。插接孔221可以是通孔或盲孔，插接孔221的大小可与导线420的大小相匹配，以在导线420插置于插接孔221中时，能够提高导线420与插接孔221之间连接的稳定性。插接孔221位于连接部220，巴片300与配合部210连接，而连接部220相较配合部210更靠近外壳100内部，当导线420的一端插置于插接孔221中时，能够使得导线420与巴片300的贴合面310形成避让。由此，连接部220开设有插接孔221，导线420插置于插接孔221中，能够提高电极柱200与导线420电连接的稳定性，并且导线420插置于插接孔221中还能够进一步降低巴片300、导线420和电极柱200之间产生干涉导致电连接失效等风险，从而提高电极柱200与巴片300和导线420之间电连接的稳定性。
进一步地，插接孔221的开口朝向检测元件410。导线420可通过插接孔221的开口插置于插接孔221中，当插接孔221的开口朝向检测元件410时，导线420可呈直线连接于检测元件410和电极柱200，从而可尽量缩短导线420的长度，减少导线420的线路复杂性。
参见图9和图10，图9是根据一个或多个实施例的电池单体10的局部结构示意图；图10是根据图9所示的电池单体10的局部结构的分解示意图。
配合部210开设有第一避让槽222，插接孔221延伸至连通第一避让槽222。可以是在配合部210的端面开设第一避让槽222，第一避让槽222相较于配合部210的端面凹陷，并且插接孔221延伸至连通第一避让槽222，可便于导线420从第一避让槽222插置于插接孔221中，提高导线420插置于插接孔221的便捷性。第一避让槽222可贯穿巴片300朝向检测元件410的侧面，可尽量缩短导线420的长度，减少导线420的线路复杂性。在其他实施例中，第一避让槽222也可贯穿绕垂直于贴合面310的其他侧面，具体可根据实际情况设定。第一避让槽222的宽度可大于或等于导线420的宽度，以便于导线420通过第一避让槽222插置于插接孔221中。由此，在配合部210上开设第一避让槽222，第一避让槽222连通插接 孔221，便于成型插接孔221，以及便于将导线420插置于插接孔221中，并且导线420连接在插接孔221中时，能够降低巴片300、导线420和电极柱200之间产生干涉导致电连接失效等风险。
进一步地，导线420在导线420的厚度方向上沉设于插接孔221。插接孔221在导线420厚度方向上的尺寸大于或等于导线420在厚度方向上的尺寸，以便于导线420沉设于插接孔221中。由此，能够缓解导线420在厚度方向上突出于插接孔221，以降低巴片300、导线420和电极柱200之间产生干涉导致电连接失效等风险。
其中，当连接部220上连接设置有用于与导线420电连接的连接引线230时，连接引线230可以从插接孔221内部延伸至插接孔221的外部，以使得连接引线230与巴片300形成避让，同时可通过连接引线230与导线420电连接。或者，还可在连接部220的其他部位设置连接引线230，并且设置连接引线230的位置可与插接孔221间隔设置。
参见图11，图11是根据一个或多个实施例的电池单体10的结构示意图。
电池单体10包括设置在外壳100上的电路板500，电路板500与检测元件410电连接。电路板500可以设置于电池单体10的任意位置，示例性地，电路板500可位于电池单体10的外壳100的任意一个外侧面，如当检测元件410位于电池单体10的外壳100的顶部时，电路板500也可位于外壳100的顶部，以便于检测元件410与电路板500电连接。或者电路板500还可位于电池单体10靠近电极柱200的位置，以便于通过电极柱200为电池单体10进行供电。电路板500可向检测元件410发送控制信号，以便于检测元件410根据接收的控制信号对电池单体10的电压、形变、温度等信息进行检测，并且电路板500还可接收传感器检测的信息，然后根据接收的信息对电池单体10进行针对性管理。由此，可通过电路板500为检测元件410提供控制信号，以便于检测元件410对电池单体10的状态进行检测，以及便于根据检测元件410检测的信息对电池单体10进行针对性管理。
参见图12，图12是根据一个或多个实施例的电池管理系统30与电池单体10连接的结构示意框图。
电池包括电池管理系统30，电池管理系统30与检测元件410均电连接。电池管理系统30(Battery Management System，BMS)可以对电动车辆整车的安全运行、整车控制策略选择、充电模式的选择以及运营成本都有很大的影响。无论在车辆运行过程中还是在充电过程中，电池管理系统30都要完成电池系统的状态的实时监控和故障诊断，并通过总线的方式告知整车控制器或充电机，以便采用合理的控制策略，达到有效且高效使用电池系统的目的。在本实施例中，电池管理系统30可以同时与多个电池单体10的电极柱200以及检测元件410电连接，以通过电池管理系统30同时对多个电池单体10的电芯电压、温度和模组电流等状态进行监控，并进行电池均衡控制和故障诊断等等。由此，可通过电池管理系统30为检测元件410提供控制信号，以便于检测元件410对电池单体10的状态进行检测，以及便于根据检测元件410检测的信息对电池单体10进行针对性管理。
综上所述，电池单体10包括电极柱200，电极柱200具有配合部210和连接部220，电极柱200的配合部210用于与巴片300电连接，连接部220用于与导线420电连接，且连接部220相较配合部210更靠近外壳100内部，可使电极柱200与巴片300和导线420电连接的同时，降低巴片300、导线420和电极柱200之间产生干涉导致电连接失效等风险，从而提高电极柱200与巴片300和导线420之间电连接的稳定性。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种电池单体，其特征在于，所述电池单体包括：
    外壳，包括壁部；
    电极柱，设置于所述壁部，且所述电极柱具有连接设置的配合部和连接部，所述配合部用于与巴片电连接，所述连接部相较所述配合部更靠近所述外壳内部；
    检测组件，包括检测元件和导线，所述导线连接所述检测元件和所述连接部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述连接部具有插接孔，所述导线的一端插置于所述插接孔中。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述插接孔的开口朝向所述检测元件。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述配合部开设有第一避让槽，所述插接孔延伸至连通所述第一避让槽。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述导线在所述导线的厚度方向上沉设于所述插接孔。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述电极柱的数目为两个，两个所述电极柱的极性相反，且间隔设置，所述检测元件位于两个所述电极柱之间。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述壁部开设有与两个所述电极柱一一对应的安装孔，每个所述电极柱穿设于相应的所述安装孔，所述检测元件嵌设于所述壁部，所述导线经所述安装孔的孔壁穿出至所述安装孔内，以连接所述电极柱。
  8. 根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述外壳包括绝缘件，所述绝缘件设置于所述壁部远离所述外壳内部的一侧，所述检测元件设置于所述绝缘件。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述检测元件埋设于所述绝缘件内。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述导线包括主体部 和延伸部，所述主体部埋设于所述绝缘件内，并与所述检测元件电连接，所述延伸部连接所述主体部和所述连接部。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述绝缘件设有贯穿所述绝缘件相背两侧表面的避让孔，所述电极柱至少部分设置于所述避让孔内，所述导线在所述绝缘件内延伸并进一步从所述避让孔的孔壁延伸至所述避让孔内，以连接所述连接部。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述电极柱的端面相较于所述绝缘件远离所述壁部的一侧面沉设于所述避让孔内。
  13. 根据权利要求1-6任意一项所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述连接部穿设于所述壁部，所述连接部上连接设置有用于与所述导线电连接的连接引线。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述检测元件包括温度传感器、形变传感器或电压传感器。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述外壳包括壳体和端盖，所述壳体设有开口端，所述端盖盖设于所述开口端，所述电极柱和所述检测元件设置于所述端盖。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其特征在于，所述电池单体包括设置在所述外壳上的电路板，所述电路板与所述检测元件电连接。
  17. 一种电池，其特征在于，所述电池包括如权利要求1-16任意一项所述的电池单体。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池包括多个所述电池单体，多个所述电池单体的电极柱通过巴片电连接，所述巴片具有与所述配合部电连接的贴合面，所述贴合面开设有相较于所述贴合面凹陷的第二避让槽，所述第二避让槽贯穿所述巴片的侧面，所述导线的一端经所述巴片的侧面插置于所述第二避让槽内。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的电池，其特征在于，在垂直于所述贴合面的方向上，所述第二避让槽的尺寸大于或等于所述导线的尺寸。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的电池，其特征在于，所述外壳包括绝缘件，所述绝缘件设置于所述壁部远离所述外壳内部的一侧，所述检测元件设置于所述绝缘件，所述巴片包括第一连接部和与所述第一连接部弯折连接的第二连接部，所述第一连接部设置于所述绝缘件背离所述壁部的一侧，所述第二连接部具有所述贴合面。
  21. 根据权利要求17所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池包括电池管理系统，所述电池管理系统与所述检测元件电连接。
  22. 一种用电装置，其特征在于，所述用电装置包括如权利要求17-21任意一项所述的电池。
PCT/CN2023/119156 2023-07-07 2023-09-15 电池单体、电池和用电装置 Pending WO2025010825A1 (zh)

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