WO2025007512A1 - 核电厂反应堆换棒系统及方法 - Google Patents

核电厂反应堆换棒系统及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2025007512A1
WO2025007512A1 PCT/CN2023/138585 CN2023138585W WO2025007512A1 WO 2025007512 A1 WO2025007512 A1 WO 2025007512A1 CN 2023138585 W CN2023138585 W CN 2023138585W WO 2025007512 A1 WO2025007512 A1 WO 2025007512A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rod
rod group
group
circuit
module
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/138585
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王旭峰
李恒
江辉
韦桥
周叶翔
任立永
王婷
骆楠柯
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China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
Shenzhen China Guangdong Nuclear Engineering Design Co Ltd
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China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
Shenzhen China Guangdong Nuclear Engineering Design Co Ltd
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Application filed by China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd, Shenzhen China Guangdong Nuclear Engineering Design Co Ltd filed Critical China Nuclear Power Engineering Co Ltd
Publication of WO2025007512A1 publication Critical patent/WO2025007512A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C7/00—Control of nuclear reaction
    • G21C7/06—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section
    • G21C7/08—Control of nuclear reaction by application of neutron-absorbing material, i.e. material with absorption cross-section very much in excess of reflection cross-section by displacement of solid control elements, e.g. control rods
    • G21C7/12—Means for moving control elements to desired position
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
    • G21C17/10—Structural combination of fuel element, control rod, reactor core, or moderator structure with sensitive instruments, e.g. for measuring radioactivity, strain
    • G21C17/104—Measuring reactivity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
    • G21C17/10—Structural combination of fuel element, control rod, reactor core, or moderator structure with sensitive instruments, e.g. for measuring radioactivity, strain
    • G21C17/112—Measuring temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of nuclear power instrumentation and control technology, and in particular to a reactor rod replacement system and method for a nuclear power plant.
  • the MODE-G mode for the reactor control system, which is characterized by coordinating the control of reactivity and unit power by adjusting the temperature rod group, power rod group and boron concentration.
  • the power rod group is used to compensate for a wide range of power changes (i.e., coarse adjustment)
  • the temperature rod group is used to control the average temperature of the primary circuit (i.e., fine adjustment)
  • the boron adjustment is used to compensate for the slow reactivity changes caused by fuel consumption and the wide range of reactivity changes caused by the xenon effect.
  • the MODE-G mode requires the operator to manually adjust the boron several times a day to compensate for the slow reactivity caused by fuel consumption.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a reactor rod replacement system and method for a nuclear power plant.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: constructing a nuclear power plant reactor rod replacement system, comprising:
  • a power judgment unit used to judge whether the power of a circuit is stable, and generate a judgment result for indicating whether the power of a circuit is stable;
  • a power fluctuation prevention unit used for monitoring the fluctuation state of the power of the primary circuit in real time
  • the rod replacement execution unit is used to perform rod position replacement processing on the first and second T rod groups included in each temperature rod group in sequence according to the fluctuation state after determining that the power of the primary circuit is stable.
  • the nuclear power plant reactor rod replacement system further comprises:
  • the sequential control unit is used to send an execution instruction that can control each temperature rod group to execute the rod position exchange process to the rod exchange execution unit according to a set rule, so that the temperature rod group that has not completed the rod position exchange will be controlled to perform the rod position exchange process only after the current temperature rod group completes the rod position exchange.
  • the nuclear power plant reactor rod replacement system further comprises: a memory unit for recording the initial rod positions corresponding to all T rod groups before the rod position exchange process is performed;
  • the rod-changing execution unit includes a control rod actuating mechanism for controlling the lifting or lowering of the T rod group according to the lifting instruction and a plurality of rod group pair execution units corresponding to each of the temperature rod groups;
  • each of the rod group execution units comprises:
  • a start-stop control module used for obtaining and generating a start-stop instruction according to a pause instruction, an end instruction and an execution instruction of a corresponding temperature rod group;
  • a first rod group execution module is used to obtain and generate a lifting instruction of the first T rod group according to the start-stop instruction, and the real-time rod position of the first T rod group of the corresponding temperature rod group and the initial rod position of the second T rod group;
  • the second rod group execution module is used to obtain and generate a lifting instruction of the second T rod group according to the start-stop instruction, the real-time rod position of the second T rod group of the corresponding temperature rod group and the initial rod position of the first T rod group.
  • the first and second rod group execution modules respectively include:
  • a comparison module wherein the second input end thereof acquires the real-time rod position of the corresponding T rod group, the first input end thereof acquires the initial rod position of another T rod group paired with the corresponding T rod group, the first output end thereof outputs a down-insertion signal of the corresponding T rod group, the second output end thereof outputs a completion indication signal indicating whether the corresponding T rod group has completed the lifting action, and the third output end thereof outputs a lifting signal of the corresponding T rod group;
  • a first AND gate each input end of which respectively obtains the unblocked insertion signal, the start/stop instruction and the insertion signal, and outputs the insertion instruction of the corresponding T-bar group through its output end;
  • the second AND gate has its respective input ends respectively acquiring the unlocking lifting signal, the start/stop command and the lifting signal, and outputs the lifting command of the corresponding T-bar group through its output end.
  • the start-stop control module includes:
  • a first RS flip-flop whose R terminal obtains the execution instruction and whose S terminal obtains the end instruction;
  • the first NOT gate has an input end connected to the output end of the first OR gate and outputs the start/stop instruction through its output end.
  • the power fluctuation prevention unit comprises:
  • a subtractor module a first end of which obtains a circuit temperature setting value, and a second end of which obtains a circuit average temperature measurement value, and is used to calculate a difference between the circuit temperature setting value and the circuit average temperature measurement value;
  • a selection control module used for acquiring and generating a selection control signal according to the completion indication signal of each T-bar group and the execution instruction of each temperature bar group;
  • a selection module a first input terminal of which is connected to the difference value, and a selection terminal of which is connected to the selection control signal, so as to select whether to output the difference value according to the selection control signal;
  • a first limit value comparison module is used to output a non-locking insertion signal that can control the T rod group that is in the rod position exchange process and needs to insert the rod to pause the rod insertion position when the difference is greater than the first limit value;
  • the second limit value comparison module is used for outputting a non-locking lifting signal which can control the T rod group which needs to lift the rod position and is undergoing the rod position exchange process to stop lifting the rod position when the difference is less than the second limit value.
  • the selection control module includes a second OR gate, and a plurality of trigger modules corresponding to each of the temperature rod groups;
  • each of the trigger modules comprises:
  • a third OR gate whose first and second input terminals respectively obtain completion indication signals of two T-bar groups in the corresponding temperature bar group;
  • a fourth AND gate wherein a first input terminal thereof is connected to the output terminal of the third OR gate, and a second input terminal thereof obtains an execution instruction of the corresponding temperature rod group;
  • a second RS flip-flop an R terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the fourth AND gate, and an S terminal of which obtains the execution instruction of the corresponding temperature rod group;
  • Each input end of the second OR gate is respectively connected to the output end of the second RS trigger included in each trigger module, and the output end of the second OR gate outputs the selection control signal.
  • the power determination unit comprises:
  • Temperature measurement module used to collect the temperature measurement value of a circuit
  • a latch module whose latch end is used to receive the absolute value comparison result, whose input end is connected to the temperature measurement module to obtain the temperature measurement value of the first loop, and is used to output a latch reference value according to the absolute value comparison result;
  • an absolute value comparison module wherein a first end of the module obtains the temperature measurement value of the first loop, a second end of the module is connected to the output end of the latch module to obtain the latch reference value, and a third end of the module obtains a first set value, and is used to determine whether the absolute value of the deviation between the average temperature measurement value of the first loop and the latch reference value is greater than the first set value, and output the absolute value comparison result through the output end of the module;
  • a fifth NOT gate whose input end is connected to the output end of the absolute value comparison module to obtain the comparison signal, and then perform non-operation processing on the comparison signal;
  • the front delay module has an input end connected to the output end of the fifth NOT gate and is used to output the judgment result through its output end after delaying for a first set time.
  • the present invention also constructs a method for replacing rods in a nuclear power plant reactor, comprising:
  • said S30 further comprises: only after the current temperature rod group completes the rod position exchange, the temperature rod group that has not completed the rod position exchange is allowed to perform the rod position exchange process.
  • the step of determining whether the power of a circuit is stable comprises:
  • the first set time it is determined whether the absolute value of the deviation between the average temperature measurement value of a circuit and the latched reference value is less than the first set value. If so, it is determined that the power of the circuit is stable; otherwise, it is determined that the power of the circuit is unstable.
  • the first set time is 200 seconds; and/or the first set value is 0.4°C.
  • the method further includes: recording the initial rod positions corresponding to all T rod groups before the rod position exchange process is performed;
  • the rod position exchange process includes:
  • the T-rod group that needs to be lifted and the T-rod group that needs to be lowered are controlled to lift and lower the rods at the same speed respectively, until the position of the T-rod group that needs to be lifted rises to the initial rod position of the T-rod group that needs to be lowered, and the position of the T-rod group that needs to be lowered falls to the initial rod position of the T-rod group that needs to be lifted.
  • the S30 includes:
  • the first limit value is 0.3°C
  • the second limit value is -0.3°C.
  • a judgment result for characterizing whether the power of a circuit is stable is generated by a power judgment unit, and the fluctuation state of the power of a circuit is monitored in real time by a power fluctuation prevention unit.
  • the rod-changing execution unit determines that the power of a circuit is stable
  • the first and second T-rod groups included in each temperature rod group are interchanged in turn according to the fluctuation state.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rod replacement system for a nuclear power plant reactor in some embodiments of the present invention
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rod-changing execution unit in some embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power fluctuation prevention unit in some embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power determination unit in some embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG5 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for replacing rods in a nuclear power plant reactor in some embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of step S30 in the method for replacing rods in a nuclear power plant reactor in some embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG1 it is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rod replacement system for a nuclear power plant reactor in some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the rod replacement system for a nuclear power plant reactor is used to automatically and regularly exchange the positions of the first and second T rod groups located in the core and having different rod positions, including the temperature rod group, under the state of the power temperature of a loop, so as to improve the automation level and reliability of the unit.
  • the system includes: a power judgment unit 1, a power fluctuation prevention unit 2, and a rod replacement execution unit 3.
  • the power judgment unit 1 is used to judge whether the power of a loop is stable, and to generate a judgment result indicating whether the power of a loop is stable.
  • the power fluctuation prevention unit 2 is used to monitor the fluctuation state of the primary circuit power in real time.
  • the rod-changing execution unit 3 is used to perform rod position exchange processing on the first and second T-rod groups included in each temperature rod group in turn according to the fluctuation state after determining that the power of a circuit is stable.
  • the purpose of implementing the rod position exchange process is to replace the rod positions of the first T rod group with the initial rod positions of the second T rod group, and replace the rod positions of the second T rod group with the initial rod positions of the first T rod group.
  • a judgment result characterizing whether a circuit power is stable is generated by a power judgment unit, and a fluctuation state of a circuit power is monitored in real time by a power fluctuation prevention unit.
  • the rod-changing execution unit determines that the circuit power is stable
  • the first and second T-rod groups included in each temperature rod group are interchanged in turn according to the fluctuation state.
  • the nuclear power plant reactor rod replacement system further includes a sequence control unit 4 .
  • the sequential control unit 4 is used to send execution instructions that can control each temperature rod group to execute the rod position exchange process to the rod exchange execution unit 3 according to the set rules, so that only after the current temperature rod group completes the rod position exchange, the temperature rod group that has not completed the rod position exchange will be controlled to perform the rod position exchange process. This helps to ensure that the core operates stably and safely during the entire rod exchange process.
  • the nuclear power plant reactor rod replacement system further includes a memory unit 5.
  • the memory unit 5 is used to record the initial rod positions corresponding to all T rod groups before the rod position exchange process is performed.
  • the rod-changing execution unit 3 includes a control rod action mechanism 31 for controlling the lifting or lowering of the T rod group according to the lifting and lowering instructions and a plurality of rod group pair execution units corresponding to each temperature rod group.
  • Each rod group pair execution unit includes a start-stop control module 321, a first rod group execution module 322 and a second rod group execution module 323.
  • the start-stop control module 321 is used to obtain and generate a start-stop instruction according to a pause instruction, an end instruction and an execution instruction of a corresponding temperature rod group.
  • the first rod group execution module 322 is used to obtain and generate a lifting instruction of the first T rod group according to the start-stop instruction, the real-time rod position of the first T rod group of the corresponding temperature rod group and the initial rod position of the second T rod group.
  • the second rod group execution module 323 is used to obtain and generate a lifting instruction of the second T rod group according to the start-stop instruction, the real-time rod position of the second T rod group of the corresponding temperature rod group and the initial rod position of the first T rod group.
  • the first and second stick group execution modules respectively include a comparison module 3221 , a first AND gate 3222 , and a second AND gate 3223 .
  • the second input end of the comparison module 3221 obtains the real-time rod position of the corresponding T rod group
  • the first input end of the comparison module 3221 obtains the initial rod position of another T rod group paired with the corresponding T rod group
  • the first output end of the comparison module 3221 outputs the insertion signal of the corresponding T rod group
  • the second output end of the comparison module 3221 outputs the completion indication signal indicating whether the corresponding T rod group has completed the lifting and lowering action
  • the third output end of the comparison module 3221 outputs the lifting signal of the corresponding T rod group.
  • the input end of the first AND gate 3222 obtains the unblocked insert signal, the start/stop command of the first AND gate 3222 and the insert signal respectively, and outputs the insert command of the corresponding T-bar group through the output end of the first AND gate 3222.
  • Each input end of the second AND gate 3223 obtains the unlocking lifting signal, the start-stop command and the lifting signal respectively, and the output end of the second AND gate 3223 outputs the lifting command of the corresponding T-bar group.
  • the start-stop control module 321 includes a first RS flip-flop 3211 , a first OR gate 3212 , and a first NOT gate 3213 .
  • the R terminal of the first RS flip-flop 3211 obtains the execution instruction, and the S terminal of the first RS flip-flop 3211 obtains the end instruction.
  • One input terminal of the first OR gate 3212 obtains the pause instruction, and the other input terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first RS flip-flop 3211 .
  • the input end of the first NOT gate 3213 is connected to the output end of the first OR gate 3212 , and the start/stop command is outputted through the output end of the first NOT gate 3213 .
  • the rod-changing execution unit 3 includes two rod-group pair execution units. It can be understood that the first rod-group pair execution unit is related to the lifting and lowering of the first T rod group T1a and the second T rod group T2a, and the second rod-group pair execution unit is related to the lifting and lowering of the first T rod group T1b and the second T rod group T2b. Taking the second rod-group pair execution unit as an example, the working principle of the rod-changing execution unit 3 is as follows:
  • the T1b/T2b execution instruction 0010 is high level, the end instruction and the pause instruction are low level, so that the start-stop instruction output by the first NOT gate 3213 is high level; if the initial rod position 0006 of T1b is higher than the real-time rod position 0002 of T2b, the insert instruction output by the first output terminal of the comparison module 3221 included in the first rod group execution module 322 is low level, and the boost signal output by the third output terminal of the comparison module 3221 is high level.
  • the second AND gate 322 3 If the boost signal 0003 is enabled (i.e., high level), the second AND gate 322 3 outputs a lifting instruction at a high level, thereby causing the control rod actuating mechanism 31 to control the second T rod group T2b to lift; on the contrary, if the initial rod position 0006 of T1b is lower than the real-time rod position 0002 of T2b, the first and third output terminals of the comparison module 3221 included in the first rod group execution module 322 respectively output a high level and a low level, and if the blocking down-insertion signal 0004 is enabled, the down-insertion instruction output at the output terminal of the first AND gate 3222 is a high level, causing the control rod actuating mechanism 31 to control the second T rod group T2b to insert downward; it can be understood that the lifting and down-insertion control logic of T1b is similar to the above, and will not be described in detail here;
  • a high level is input to one input end of the first OR gate 3212, so that the output end of the first NOT gate 3213 outputs a start/stop instruction at a low level, and inputs the start/stop instruction to all the first AND gates 3222 and the second AND gates 3223 in the rod-changing execution unit 3, so that all the insertion instructions and the lifting instructions are at a low level, so that all the first and second T-rod groups cannot be lifted or inserted, that is, the lifting and insertion of all T-rod groups are suspended;
  • the boost instructions outputted from the output ends of all the second AND gates 3223 are at a low level, so that all the first and second T-bar groups cannot be boosted; similarly, when the non-locking insert signal 0004 is not enabled, the insert instructions outputted from the output ends of all the first AND gates 3222 are at a low level, so that all the first and second T-bar groups cannot be inserted.
  • the second output terminal of the comparison module 3221 outputs a high level to indicate that the positions of the corresponding T stick groups are interchanged.
  • the completion indication signal 0014 of the second T stick group T2b is a high level.
  • the rod-changing execution unit 3 further includes a plurality of third AND gates 33 corresponding to the rod-group pair execution units.
  • the two input ends of the third AND gate 33 are respectively connected to the second output ends of the two comparison modules 3221 in the rod-group pair execution unit. It can be understood that when the rod positions of the two T rod groups (such as T1b and T2b) corresponding to the rod-group pair execution unit are exchanged, the output end of the third AND gate 33 will output a high level, and the signal can be used to inform the staff that the rod exchange of the two T rod groups of the temperature rod group is completed.
  • the power fluctuation prevention unit 2 includes a subtractor module 21 , a selection control module 22 and a selection module 23 .
  • the first end of the subtractor module 21 obtains a circuit temperature setting value, and the second end of the subtractor module 21 obtains a circuit average temperature measurement value; the subtractor module 21 is used to calculate the difference between the circuit temperature setting value and the circuit average temperature measurement value.
  • the selection control module 22 is used to obtain and generate a selection control signal according to the completion indication signal of each T rod group and the execution instruction of each temperature rod group.
  • the first input terminal of the selection module 23 is connected to the difference value, and the selection terminal of the selection module 23 is connected to the selection control signal to select whether to output the difference value according to the selection control signal. Specifically, if the selection control signal is at a high level, the output terminal of the selection module 23 outputs the difference value, and if the selection control signal is at a low level, the output terminal of the selection module 23 outputs the second set value (which may be 0, not shown) connected to its second input terminal.
  • the first limit value comparison module 24 is connected to the output end of the selection module 23.
  • the first limit value comparison module 24 is used to output a non-locking insertion signal that can control the T rod group that needs to insert the rod position during the rod position exchange process to pause the insertion of the rod position when the difference is greater than the first limit value.
  • the second limit value comparison module 25 is connected to the output end of the selection module 23.
  • the second limit value comparison module 25 is used for outputting a non-locking lifting signal that can control the T rod group that needs to lift the rod position during the rod position exchange process to stop lifting the rod position when the difference is less than the second limit value.
  • the non-locking boost signal 0003 output by the second limit comparison module 25 is at a low level, thereby causing all T-bar groups to suspend boosting.
  • the inserted T-bar group will remain inserted at this time, thereby causing the average temperature measurement value of the circuit to decrease, and the corresponding power will also decrease.
  • the suspended T-bar group will resume boosting.
  • the corresponding average temperature measurement value of the first loop will become smaller, making the difference greater than the first limit (which can be 0.3°C), and the non-locking insertion signal 0004 output by the first limit comparison module 24 is low, thereby causing all T-bar groups to suspend insertion, but the T-bar groups that are lifted will still remain lifted at this time, thereby increasing the average temperature measurement value of the first loop and the corresponding power will also increase; as the average temperature of the first loop rises, when the difference is no greater than the first limit, the T-bar groups that are suspended from inserting will resume inserting.
  • the first limit which can be 0.3°C
  • the first limit comparison module 24 includes an upper limit comparison module and a sixth NOT gate.
  • the upper limit comparison module outputs a high level, but under the action of the sixth NOT gate, the signal is converted to a low level, that is, the lower insertion signal 0004 is not enabled without being locked.
  • the second limit comparison module 25 includes a lower limit comparison module and a seventh NOT gate. When the difference is less than the second limit, the lower limit comparison module outputs a high level, but under the action of the seventh NOT gate, the signal is converted to a low level, that is, the upper insertion signal 0003 is not enabled without being locked.
  • the selection control module 22 includes a second OR gate 221 and a plurality of trigger modules 222 corresponding to each temperature rod group.
  • Each trigger module 222 includes a third OR gate 2221 , a fourth AND gate 2222 and a second RS trigger 2223 .
  • the first and second input ends of the third OR gate 2221 respectively obtain completion indication signals of the two T rod groups in the corresponding temperature rod group;
  • the first input end of the fourth AND gate 2222 is connected to the output end of the third OR gate 2221, and the second input end of the fourth AND gate 2222 obtains the execution instruction of the corresponding temperature rod group;
  • the R end of the second RS trigger 2223 is connected to the output end of the fourth AND gate 2222, and the S end of the second RS trigger 2223 obtains the execution instruction of the corresponding temperature rod group;
  • each input end of the second OR gate 221 is respectively connected to the output end of the second RS trigger 2223 included in each trigger module 222, and the output end of the second OR gate 221 outputs a selection control signal.
  • the working principle of the selection control module 22 is as follows: if the first T-bar group T1b and the second T-bar group T2b are still in the process of exchanging the rod positions, then the T1b/T2b execution instruction 0010 is at a high level.
  • the completion indication signal 0014 of the second T-bar group T2b and the completion indication signal 0015 of the first T-bar group T1b is at a low level, that is, the output end of the fourth AND gate 2222 outputs a low level, so the second RS trigger 2223 outputs a high level, so that the selection control signal outputted from the output end of the second OR gate 221 is at a high level. It can be understood that only after the rod positions of all T-bar groups are exchanged, the selection control signal outputted by the second OR gate 221 may be at a low level.
  • the power determination unit 1 includes a temperature measurement module 11 , a latch module 12 , an absolute value comparison module 13 , a fifth NOT gate 14 and a pre-delay module 15 .
  • the temperature measurement module 11 is used to collect the temperature measurement value of a circuit.
  • the latch end of the latch module 12 is used to receive the absolute value comparison result, and the input end of the latch module 12 is connected to the temperature measurement module 11 to obtain a loop temperature measurement value.
  • the latch module 12 is used to output a latch reference value according to the absolute value comparison result. When the absolute value comparison result is a high level, the latch reference value output by the latch module 12 is the parameter input to its input end, and when the absolute value comparison result is a low level, the latch reference value output by the latch module 12 is the output value at the previous moment.
  • the first end of the absolute value comparison module 13 obtains the temperature measurement value of a circuit
  • the second end of the absolute value comparison module 13 is connected to the output end of the latch module 12 to obtain the latch reference value
  • the third end of the absolute value comparison module 13 obtains the first set value.
  • the absolute value comparison module 13 is used to determine whether the absolute value of the deviation between the average temperature measurement value of a circuit and the latch reference value is greater than the first set value, and outputs the absolute value comparison result through its output end.
  • the absolute value of the deviation is greater than the first set value
  • the absolute value comparison result is a high level, otherwise it is a low level.
  • the first set value can be 0.4°C.
  • An input terminal of the fifth NOT gate 14 is connected to an output terminal of the absolute value comparison module 13 to obtain a comparison signal, and then perform non-operation processing on the comparison signal.
  • the input end of the pre-delay module 15 is connected to the output end of the fifth NOT gate 14.
  • the pre-delay module 15 is used to output the judgment result through its output end after delaying for a first set time.
  • the first set time is 200 seconds.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for replacing rods in a nuclear power plant reactor in some embodiments of the present invention. The method comprises the following steps:
  • step S30 further includes: only after the current temperature rod group completes the rod position exchange, the temperature rod group that has not completed the rod position exchange is allowed to perform the rod position exchange process.
  • the step of determining whether the power of a circuit is stable in step S10 includes: within a first set time, determining whether the absolute value of the deviation between the average temperature measurement value of a circuit and the latched reference value is less than a first set value; if so, determining that the power of a circuit is stable; otherwise, determining that the power of a circuit is unstable.
  • the first set time is 200 seconds; and/or the first set value is 0.4°C.
  • the method before S30, the method further includes: recording the initial rod positions corresponding to all T rod groups before the rod position exchange process is performed;
  • the rod position exchange process in step S30 includes:
  • the T-rod group that needs to be lifted and the T-rod group that needs to be lowered are controlled to lift and lower the rods at the same speed respectively, until the position of the T-rod group that needs to be lifted rises to the initial rod position of the T-rod group that needs to be lowered, and the position of the T-rod group that needs to be lowered falls to the initial rod position of the T-rod group that needs to be lifted.
  • step S30 includes:
  • the first limit value is 0.3°C and the second limit value is -0.3°C.
  • each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.
  • the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.
  • the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.
  • the steps of the method or algorithm described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented directly using hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two.
  • the software module may be placed in a random access memory (RAM), a memory, a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically programmable ROM, an electrically erasable programmable ROM, a register, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
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  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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Abstract

核电厂反应堆换棒系统及方法，核电厂反应堆换棒系统包括：功率判断单元(1)，用于判断一回路功率是否稳定，并生成用于表征一回路功率是否稳定的判断结果；防止功率波动单元(2)，用于实时监测一回路功率的波动状态；以及换棒执行单元(3)，用于在确定一回路功率稳定后，根据波动状态依次对各温度棒组所包括的第一和第二T棒组进行棒位互换处理。核电厂反应堆换棒系统可以高效、稳定且可靠地自动实现换棒工作。

Description

核电厂反应堆换棒系统及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及核电仪控技术领域，尤其涉及一种核电厂反应堆换棒系统及方法。
 背景技术
核电厂反应堆和汽轮发电机组之间的功率协调控制极为重要，二者涉及核能向电能的转换，也涉及与电能之间的能量平衡，只有安全可靠的堆机匹配才能确保核电厂安全、经济地运行。
当前部分核电厂，反应堆控制系统采用了MODE-G模式，其特点是通过调节温度棒组、功率棒组和调节硼浓度来协调控制反应性和机组功率。功率棒组用于补偿大范围的功率变化（即粗调），温度棒组用于控制一回路平均温度（即细调），调硼用于补偿燃耗引起的慢反应性变化和氙效应引起的大范围反应性变化。然而，MODE-G模式需操纵员每天多次手动调硼补偿燃耗带来的慢反应性，存在废水产生量大、自动化水平低、灵活性差等缺陷，还会因T棒组长期插入堆芯会加剧燃料阴影效应，进而影响径向功率峰值因子，以及忽略了一回路功率对换棒工作的影响，导致换棒工作存在一定的安全风险。目前核电厂正缺乏一种可削弱燃料阴影效应且能够实现自动换棒的换棒方式。
 发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种核电厂反应堆换棒系统及方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：构造一种核电厂反应堆换棒系统，包括：
功率判断单元，用于判断一回路功率是否稳定，并生成用于表征一回路功率是否稳定的判断结果；
防止功率波动单元，用于实时监测所述一回路功率的波动状态；以及
换棒执行单元，用于在确定所述一回路功率稳定后，根据所述波动状态依次对各温度棒组所包括的第一和第二T棒组进行棒位互换处理。
优选地，所述核电厂反应堆换棒系统还包括：
顺序控制单元，用于根据设定规律向所述换棒执行单元发送可控制各所述温度棒组执行棒位互换处理的执行指令，以在当前温度棒组完成棒位互换后，才会控制未完成棒位互换的温度棒组进行所述棒位互换处理。
优选地，所述核电厂反应堆换棒系统还包括：记忆单元，用于记录所有T棒组在进行所述棒位互换处理前所对应的初始棒位；
所述换棒执行单元包括用于根据升降指令控制T棒组提升或下插的控制棒动作机构和与各所述温度棒组一一对应的多个棒组对执行单元；
其中，每一个所述棒组对执行单元包括：
启停控制模块，用于获取并根据暂停指令、结束指令和相应温度棒组的执行指令生成启停指令；
第一棒组执行模块，用于获取并根据所述启停指令，以及相应温度棒组的第一T棒组的实时棒位和第二T棒组的初始棒位生成所述第一T棒组的升降指令；以及
第二棒组执行模块，用于获取并根据所述启停指令，以及所述相应温度棒组的第二T棒组的实时棒位和第一T棒组的初始棒位生成所述第二T棒组的升降指令。
优选地，所述第一和第二棒组执行模块分别包括：
比较模块，其第二输入端获取相应T棒组的实时棒位，其第一输入端获取与所述相应T棒组成对的另一T棒组的初始棒位，其第一输出端输出所述相应T棒组的下插信号，其第二输出端输出可指示所述相应T棒组是否完成升降动作的完成指示信号，其第三输出端输出所述相应T棒组的提升信号；
第一与门，其各输入端分别获取不闭锁下插信号、所述启停指令和下插信号，且通过其输出端输出所述相应T棒组的下插指令；以及
第二与门，其各输入端分别获取不闭锁提升信号、所述启停指令和提升信号，且通过其输出端输出所述相应T棒组的提升指令。
优选地，所述启停控制模块包括：
第一RS触发器，其R端获取所述执行指令，其S端获取所述结束指令；
第一或门，其一输入端获取所述暂停指令，另一输入端连接所述第一RS触发器的输出端；以及
第一非门，其输入端连接所述第一或门的输出端，且通过其输出端输出所述启停指令。
优选地，所述防止功率波动单元包括：
减法器模块，其第一端获取一回路温度设定值，其第二端获取一回路平均温度测量值，用于计算所述一回路温度设定值减一回路平均温度测量值的差值；
选择控制模块，用于获取并根据各T棒组的完成指示信号和各所述温度棒组的执行指令生成选择控制信号；
选择模块，其第一输入端接入所述差值，其选择端接入所述选择控制信号，以根据所述选择控制信号选择是否输出所述差值；
第一限值比较模块，用于在所述差值大于第一限值时，输出可控制正在进行所述棒位互换处理的需下插棒位的T棒组暂停下插棒位的不闭锁下插信号；以及
第二限值比较模块，用于在所述差值小于第二限值时，输出可控制正在进行所述棒位互换处理的需提升棒位的T棒组暂停提升棒位的不闭锁提升信号。
优选地，所述选择控制模块包括第二或门，以及与各所述温度棒组一一对应的多个触发模块；
其中，每一个所述触发模块包括：
第三或门，其第一、第二输入端分别获取相应温度棒组中两个T棒组的完成指示信号；
第四与门，其第一输入端连接所述第三或门的输出端，其第二输入端获取所述相应温度棒组的执行指令；
第二RS触发器，其R端连接所述第四与门的输出端，其S端获取所述相应温度棒组的执行指令；
所述第二或门的各输入端分别连接各所述触发模块包括的第二RS触发器的输出端，所述第二或门的输出端输出所述选择控制信号。
优选地，所述功率判断单元包括：
温度测量模块，用于采集一回路温度测量值；
锁存模块，其锁存端用于接收绝对值比较结果，其输入端连接所述温度测量模块以获取所述一回路温度测量值，用于根据所述绝对值比较结果输出锁存参考值；
绝对值比较模块，其第一端获取所述一回路温度测量值，其第二端连接所述锁存模块的输出端以获取所述锁存参考值，其第三端获取第一设定值，用于判断所述一回路平均温度测量值与锁存参考值的偏差绝对值是否大于第一设定值，且通过其输出端输出所述绝对值比较结果；
第五非门，其输入端连接绝对值比较模块的输出端以获取所述比较信号，进而对所述比较信号进行非运行处理；以及
前延时模块，其输入端连接所述第五非门的输出端，用于延时第一设定时间后，通过其输出端输出所述判断结果。
本发明还构造了一种核电厂反应堆换棒方法，包括：
S10、判断一回路功率是否稳定，若是执行下一步；
S20、实时监测所述一回路功率的波动状态；
S30、根据所述波动状态依次对各温度棒组所包括的两个T棒组进行棒位互换处理。
优选地，在所述S30中，还包括：只有在当前温度棒组完成棒位互换后，才允许未完成棒位互换的温度棒组进行所述棒位互换处理。
优选地，在所述S10中，所述判断一回路功率是否稳定的步骤，包括：
在第一设定时间内，判断一回路平均温度测量值与锁存参考值的偏差绝对值是否小于第一设定值，若是判定一回路功率稳定，否则判定一回路功率不稳定。
优选地，所述第一设定时间为200秒；和/或，所述第一设定值为0.4℃。
优选地，在所述S30之前还包括：记录所有T棒组在进行所述棒位互换处理前所对应的初始棒位；
在所述S30中，所述棒位互换处理包括：
在接收到用户输入的暂停指令时，控制所有T棒组停止在当前位置；
在未接收到用户输入的暂停指令时，控制需提升棒位的T棒组和需下插棒位的T棒组分别以相同速度提升棒位以及下插棒位，直至需提升棒位的T棒组的位置升至需下插棒位的T棒组的初始棒位、需下插棒位的T棒组的位置降至需提升棒位的T棒组的初始棒位。
优选地，所述S30包括：
S301、实时监测一回路平均温度测量值；
S302、若一回路平均温度设定值与所述一回路平均温度测量值的差值大于第一限值，则控制正在进行所述棒位互换处理的需下插棒位的T棒组暂停下插棒位；
S303、若所述一回路平均温度设定值与所述一回路平均温度测量值的差值小于第二限值，则控制正在进行所述棒位互换处理的需提升棒位的T棒组暂停提升棒位。
优选地，所述第一限值为0.3℃，所述第二限值为-0.3℃。
实施本发明的技术方案，通过功率判断单元生成用于表征一回路功率是否稳定的判断结果，以及通过防止功率波动单元实时监测一回路功率的波动状态，最后，换棒执行单元确定一回路功率稳定后，根据波动状态依次对各温度棒组所包括的第一和第二T棒组进行棒位互换处理；实施本发明可以高效、稳定且可靠地自动实现换棒工作，克服了废水产生量大、自动化水平低、灵活性差和阴影效应剧烈等缺陷，极大减轻操纵员工作负荷并降低人因失误风险。
 附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中：
图1是本发明一些实施例中核电厂反应堆换棒系统的结构示意图；
图2是本发明一些实施例中换棒执行单元的结构示意图；
图3是本发明一些实施例中防止功率波动单元的结构示意图；
图4是本发明一些实施例中功率判断单元的结构示意图；
图5是本发明一些实施例中核电厂反应堆换棒方法的流程示意图；
图6是本发明一些实施例中核电厂反应堆换棒方法中的步骤S30的流程示意图。
 具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解，现对照附图详细说明本发明的具体实施方式。
需要说明的是，附图中所示的流程图仅是示例性说明，不是必须包括所有的内容和操作/步骤，也不是必须按所描述的顺序执行。例如，有的操作/步骤还可以分解，而有的操作/步骤可以合并或部分合并，因此实际执行的顺序有可能根据实际情况改变。
附图中所示的方框图仅仅是功能实体，不一定必须与物理上独立的实体相对应。 即，可以采用软件形式来实现这些功能实体，或在一个或多个硬件模块或集成电路中实现这些功能实体，或在不同网络和/或处理器装置和/或微控制器装置中实现这些功能实体。
参见图1，是本发明一些实施例中核电厂反应堆换棒系统的结构示意图。该核电厂反应堆换棒系统用于在一回路功率温度的状态下自动定期交换温度棒组包括的位于堆芯内、棒位不同的第一和第二T棒组的位置，以提高机组自动化水平和可靠性。如图1所示，该系统包括：功率判断单元1、防止功率波动单元2和换棒执行单元3。
功率判断单元1用于判断一回路功率是否稳定，并生成用于表征一回路功率是否稳定的判断结果。
防止功率波动单元2用于实时监测一回路功率的波动状态。
换棒执行单元3用于在确定一回路功率稳定后，根据波动状态依次对各温度棒组所包括的第一和第二T棒组进行棒位互换处理。
需说明的是，实施棒位互换处理的目的是将第一T棒组的棒位换为第二T棒组的初始棒位，第二T棒组的棒位换为第一T棒组的初始棒位。
在本实施例中，通过功率判断单元生成用于表征一回路功率是否稳定的判断结果，以及通过防止功率波动单元实时监测一回路功率的波动状态，最后，换棒执行单元确定一回路功率稳定后，根据波动状态依次对各温度棒组所包括的第一和第二T棒组进行棒位互换处理；实施本发明可以高效、稳定且可靠地自动实现换棒工作，克服了废水产生量大、自动化水平低、灵活性差和阴影效应剧烈等缺陷，极大减轻操纵员工作负荷并降低人因失误风险。
为了保证整个换棒过程堆芯工作稳定且安全，在一些实施例中，如图1所示，该核电厂反应堆换棒系统还包括顺序控制单元4。
顺序控制单元4用于根据设定规律向换棒执行单元3发送可控制各温度棒组执行棒位互换处理的执行指令，以在当前温度棒组完成棒位互换后，才会控制未完成棒位互换的温度棒组进行棒位互换处理，这样有助于保证整个换棒过程堆芯工作稳定且安全。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，该核电厂反应堆换棒系统还包括记忆单元5。记忆单元5用于记录所有T棒组在进行棒位互换处理前所对应的初始棒位。
进一步地，如图2所示，换棒执行单元3包括用于根据升降指令控制T棒组提升或下插的控制棒动作机构31和与各温度棒组一一对应的多个棒组对执行单元。其中，每一个棒组对执行单元包括启停控制模块321、第一棒组执行模块322和第二棒组执行模块323。
启停控制模块321用于获取并根据暂停指令、结束指令和相应温度棒组的执行指令生成启停指令。
第一棒组执行模块322用于获取并根据启停指令，以及相应温度棒组的第一T棒组的实时棒位和第二T棒组的初始棒位生成第一T棒组的升降指令。
第二棒组执行模块323用于获取并根据启停指令，以及相应温度棒组的第二T棒组的实时棒位和第一T棒组的初始棒位生成第二T棒组的升降指令。
在一些实施例中，如图2所示，第一和第二棒组执行模块分别包括比较模块3221、第一与门3222和第二与门3223。
比较模块3221的第二输入端获取相应T棒组的实时棒位，比较模块3221的第一输入端获取与相应T棒组成对的另一T棒组的初始棒位，比较模块3221的第一输出端输出相应T棒组的下插信号，比较模块3221的第二输出端输出可指示相应T棒组是否完成升降动作的完成指示信号，比较模块3221的第三输出端输出相应T棒组的提升信号。
第一与门3222的输入端分别获取不闭锁下插信号、第一与门3222启停指令和下插信号，且通过第一与门3222的输出端输出相应T棒组的下插指令。
第二与门3223的各输入端分别获取不闭锁提升信号、启停指令和提升信号，且第二与门3223的输出端输出相应T棒组的提升指令。
在一些实施例中，如图2所示，启停控制模块321包括第一RS触发器3211、第一或门3212和第一非门3213。
第一RS触发器3211的R端获取执行指令，第一RS触发器3211的S端获取结束指令。
第一或门3212的一输入端获取暂停指令，另一输入端连接第一RS触发器3211的输出端的。
第一非门3213的输入端连接第一或门3212的输出端，且通过第一非门3213的输出端输出启停指令。
在图2所示的实施例中，换棒执行单元3包括两个棒组对执行单元。可以理解的，第一个棒组对执行单元与第一T棒组T1a和第二T棒组T2a的升降相关，第二个棒组对执行单元与第一T棒组T1b和第二T棒组T2b的升降相关。以第二个棒组对执行单元为例，换棒执行单元3的工作原理如下：
1、当需要T1b和T2b进行换棒操作，以及结束指令和暂停指令不使能时，T1b/T2b执行指令0010为高电平、结束指令和暂停指令为低电平，使得第一非门3213输出的启停指令为高电平；若T1b的初始棒位0006高于T2b的实时棒位0002，第一棒组执行模块322包括的比较模块3221的第一输出端输出的下插指令为低电平，比较模块3221的第三输出端输出的提升信号为高电平，若不闭锁提升信号0003使能（即为高电平时），第二与门3223的输出端输出的提升指令为高电平，进而使控制棒动作机构31控制第二T棒组T2b提升；相反，若T1b的初始棒位0006低于T2b的实时棒位0002时，第一棒组执行模块322包括的比较模块3221第一和第三输出端分别输出高电平和低电平，若不闭锁下插信号0004使能，第一与门3222的输出端输出的下插指令为高电平，使得控制棒动作机构31控制第二T棒组T2b下插；可以理解的，对于T1b的提升和下插控制逻辑，与前文相仿，在此不再展开叙述；
2、当暂停指令使能时（即为高电平时），使第一或门3212的一输入端输入高电平，使得第一非门3213的输出端输出启停指令为低电平，并输入到换棒执行单元3中的所有第一与门3222和第二与门3223中，使所有下插指令和提升指令为低电平，使得所有第一和第二T棒组均无法提升或下插，即暂停了所有T棒组的提升和下插；
3、当不闭锁提升信号0003不使能时（即为低电平时），所有第二与门3223的输出端输出的提升指令为低电平，使得所有第一和第二T棒组均无法提升；同理，当不闭锁下插信号0004不使能时，所有第一与门3222的输出端输出的下插指令为低电平，使得所有第一和第二T棒组均无法下插。
在一些实施例中，若比较模块3221的第一输入端获取到的T棒组的初始棒位和第二输入端获取到的T棒组的实时棒位高度相同，比较模块3221的第二输出端输出高电平，以说明相应T棒组的位置互换完。以第二T棒组T2b为例，当第二T棒组T2b的实时棒位等于第一T棒组T1b的初始棒位时，第二T棒组T2b的完成指示信号0014为高电平。
在一些实施例中，如图2所述，换棒执行单元3还包括与棒组对执行单元一一对应的多个第三与门33。第三与门33的两个输入端分别连接棒组对执行单元中的两个比较模块3221的第二输出端，可以理解的，当该棒组对执行单元所对应的两个T棒组（如T1b和T2b）的棒位互换完成时，第三与门33的输出端将输出高电平，该信号可用于告知工作人员温度棒组的两个T棒组换棒完成。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，防止功率波动单元2包括减法器模块21、选择控制模块22和选择模块23。
减法器模块21的第一端获取一回路温度设定值，减法器模块21的第二端获取一回路平均温度测量值；减法器模块21用于计算一回路温度设定值减一回路平均温度测量值的差值。
选择控制模块22用于获取并根据各T棒组的完成指示信号和各温度棒组的执行指令生成选择控制信号。
选择模块23的第一输入端接入差值，选择模块23的选择端接入选择控制信号，以根据选择控制信号选择是否输出差值。具体地，若选择控制信号为高电平，选择模块23的输出端输出差值，若选择控制信号为低电平，选择模块23的输出端输出其第二输入端接入的第二设定值（可以为0，未图示）。
第一限值比较模块24与选择模块23的输出端连接，第一限值比较模块24用于在差值大于第一限值时，输出可控制正在进行棒位互换处理的需下插棒位的T棒组暂停下插棒位的不闭锁下插信号。
第二限值比较模块25与选择模块23的输出端连接，第二限值比较模块25用于在差值小于第二限值时，输出可控制正在进行棒位互换处理的需提升棒位的T棒组暂停提升棒位的不闭锁提升信号。
具体地，如图3所示，当一回路功率产生向上波动时，对应的一回路平均温度测量值会变大，使差值小于第二限值（可以为-0.3℃）时，则第二限值比较模块25输出的不闭锁提升信号0003为低电平，进而使得所有T棒组暂停提升，但此时下插的T棒组依然会保持下插，从而使一回路平均温度测量值下降，对应的功率也会下降；随着一回路平均温度下降，当差值不小于第二限值后，暂停提升的T棒组会恢复提升。当功率产生向下波动时，对应的一回路平均温度测量值会变小，使差值大于第一限值（可以为0.3℃），则第一限值比较模块24输出的不闭锁下插信号0004为低电平，进而使得所有T棒组暂停下插，但此时提升的T棒组依然会保持提升，从而使一回路平均温度测量值提升，对应的功率也会提升；随着一回路平均温度上升，当差值不大于第一限值后，暂停下插的T棒组会恢复下插。
在一些实施例在，如图3所示，第一限值比较模块24包括上限比较模块和第六非门。当差值大于第一限值时，上限比较模块输出高电平，但在第六非门的作用下，信号会转换为低电平，即不闭锁下插信号0004不使能。第二限值比较模块25包括下限比较模块和第七非门。当差值小于第二限值时，下限比较模块输出高电平，但在第七非门的作用下，信号会转换为低电平，即不闭上升插信号0003不使能。
在一些实施例中，如图3所示，选择控制模块22包括第二或门221，以及与各温度棒组一一对应的多个触发模块222。其中，每一个触发模块222包括第三或门2221、第四与门2222和第二RS触发器2223。
第三或门2221的第一、第二输入端分别获取相应温度棒组中两个T棒组的完成指示信号；第四与门2222的第一输入端连接第三或门2221的输出端，第四与门2222的第二输入端获取相应温度棒组的执行指令；第二RS触发器2223的R端连接第四与门2222的输出端，第二RS触发器2223的S端获取相应温度棒组的执行指令；第二或门221的各输入端分别连接各触发模块222包括的第二RS触发器2223的输出端，第二或门221的输出端输出选择控制信号。
参见图2和图3，选择控制模块22的工作原理如下：若第一T棒组T1b和第二T棒组T2b还处于棒位互换过程中，那么T1b/T2b执行指令0010为高电平，当第一T棒组T1b和第二T棒组T2b中有至少一个T棒组未完成的棒位互换，那么，第二T棒组T2b的完成指示信号0014和第一T棒组T1b的完成指示信号0015中，至少有一个为低电平，即第四与门2222的输出端输出低电平，因此第二RS触发器2223输出高电平，使得第二或门221的输出端输出的选择控制信号为高电平。可以理解的，只有所有T棒组棒位互换完成后，第二或门221输出的选择控制信号才可能是低电平。
在一些实施例中，如图4所示，功率判断单元1包括温度测量模块11、锁存模块12、绝对值比较模块13、第五非门14和前延时模块15。
温度测量模块11用于采集一回路温度测量值。
锁存模块12的锁存端用于接收绝对值比较结果，锁存模块12的输入端连接温度测量模块11以获取一回路温度测量值。锁存模块12用于根据绝对值比较结果输出锁存参考值。当绝对值比较结果为高电平时，锁存模块12输出的锁存参考值为其输入端输入的参数，当绝对值比较结果为低电平时，锁存模块12输出的锁存参考值为前一时刻的输出值。
绝对值比较模块13的第一端获取一回路温度测量值，绝对值比较模块13的第二端连接锁存模块12的输出端以获取锁存参考值，绝对值比较模块13的第三端获取第一设定值。绝对值比较模块13用于判断一回路平均温度测量值与锁存参考值的偏差绝对值是否大于第一设定值，且通过其输出端输出绝对值比较结果。当偏差绝对值大于第一设定值时，绝对值比较结果为高电平，反之为低电平。可选地，第一设定值可以为0.4℃。
第五非门14的输入端连接绝对值比较模块13的输出端以获取比较信号，进而对比较信号进行非运行处理。
前延时模块15的输入端连接第五非门14的输出端。前延时模块15用于延时第一设定时间后，通过其输出端输出判断结果。可选地，第一设定时间为200秒。
参见图5所示，是本发明一些实施例中核电厂反应堆换棒方法的流程示意图，该方法包括以下步骤：
S10、判断一回路功率是否稳定，若是执行下一步；
S20、实时监测一回路功率的波动状态；
S30、根据波动状态依次对各温度棒组所包括的两个T棒组进行棒位互换处理。
在一些实施例中，步骤S30还包括：只有在当前温度棒组完成棒位互换后，才允许未完成棒位互换的温度棒组进行棒位互换处理。
在一些实施例中，步骤S10中的判断一回路功率是否稳定的步骤包括：在第一设定时间内，判断一回路平均温度测量值与锁存参考值的偏差绝对值是否小于第一设定值，若是判定一回路功率稳定，否则判定一回路功率不稳定。
可选地，第一设定时间为200秒；和/或，第一设定值为0.4℃。
在一些实施例中，在S30之前还包括：记录所有T棒组在进行棒位互换处理前所对应的初始棒位；
步骤S30中的棒位互换处理包括：
在接收到用户输入的暂停指令时，控制所有T棒组停止在当前位置；
在未接收到用户输入的暂停指令时，控制需提升棒位的T棒组和需下插棒位的T棒组分别以相同速度提升棒位以及下插棒位，直至需提升棒位的T棒组的位置升至需下插棒位的T棒组的初始棒位、需下插棒位的T棒组的位置降至需提升棒位的T棒组的初始棒位。
在一些实施例中，如图6所述，步骤S30包括：
S301、实时监测一回路平均温度测量值；
S302、若一回路平均温度设定值与一回路平均温度测量值的差值大于第一限值，则控制正在进行棒位互换处理的需下插棒位的T棒组暂停下插棒位；
S303、若一回路平均温度设定值与一回路平均温度测量值的差值小于第二限值，则控制正在进行棒位互换处理的需提升棒位的T棒组暂停提升棒位。
可选地，第一限值为0.3℃，第二限值为-0.3℃。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的装置而言，由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。
专业人员还可以进一步意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的方法或算法的步骤可以直接用硬件、处理器执行的软件模块，或者二者的结合来实施。软件模块可以置于随机存储器（RAM）、内存、只读存储器（ROM）、电可编程ROM、电可擦除可编程ROM、寄存器、硬盘、可移动磁盘、CD-ROM、或技术领域内所公知的任意其它形式的存储介质中。
可以理解的，以上实施例仅表达了本发明的优选实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制；应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，可以对上述技术特点进行自由组合，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围；因此，凡跟本发明权利要求范围所做的等同变换与修饰，均应属于本发明权利要求的涵盖范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种核电厂反应堆换棒系统，其特征在于，包括：
    功率判断单元（1），用于判断一回路功率是否稳定，并生成用于表征一回路功率是否稳定的判断结果；
    防止功率波动单元（2），用于实时监测所述一回路功率的波动状态；以及
    换棒执行单元（3），用于在确定所述一回路功率稳定后，根据所述波动状态依次对各温度棒组所包括的第一和第二T棒组进行棒位互换处理。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的核电厂反应堆换棒系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    顺序控制单元（4），用于根据设定规律向所述换棒执行单元（3）发送可控制各所述温度棒组执行棒位互换处理的执行指令，以在当前温度棒组完成棒位互换后，才会控制未完成棒位互换的温度棒组进行所述棒位互换处理。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的核电厂反应堆换棒系统，其特征在于，还包括：记忆单元（5），用于记录所有T棒组在进行所述棒位互换处理前所对应的初始棒位；
    所述换棒执行单元（3）包括用于根据升降指令控制T棒组提升或下插的控制棒动作机构（31）和与各所述温度棒组一一对应的多个棒组对执行单元；
    其中，每一个所述棒组对执行单元包括：
    启停控制模块（321），用于获取并根据暂停指令、结束指令和相应温度棒组的执行指令生成启停指令；
    第一棒组执行模块（322），用于获取并根据所述启停指令，以及相应温度棒组的第一T棒组的实时棒位和第二T棒组的初始棒位生成所述第一T棒组的升降指令；以及
    第二棒组执行模块（323），用于获取并根据所述启停指令，以及所述相应温度棒组的第二T棒组的实时棒位和第一T棒组的初始棒位生成所述第二T棒组的升降指令。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的核电厂反应堆换棒系统，其特征在于，所述第一和第二棒组执行模块分别包括：
    比较模块（3221），其第二输入端获取相应T棒组的实时棒位，其第一输入端获取与所述相应T棒组成对的另一T棒组的初始棒位，其第一输出端输出所述相应T棒组的下插信号，其第二输出端输出可指示所述相应T棒组是否完成升降动作的完成指示信号，其第三输出端输出所述相应T棒组的提升信号；
    第一与门（3222），其各输入端分别获取不闭锁下插信号、所述启停指令和下插信号，且通过其输出端输出所述相应T棒组的下插指令；以及
    第二与门（3223），其各输入端分别获取不闭锁提升信号、所述启停指令和提升信号，且通过其输出端输出所述相应T棒组的提升指令。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的核电厂反应堆换棒系统，其特征在于，所述启停控制模块（321）包括：
    第一RS触发器（3211），其R端获取所述执行指令，其S端获取所述结束指令；
    第一或门（3212），其一输入端获取所述暂停指令，另一输入端连接所述第一RS触发器（3211）的输出端；以及
    第一非门（3213），其输入端连接所述第一或门（3212）的输出端，且通过其输出端输出所述启停指令。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的核电厂反应堆换棒系统，其特征在于，所述防止功率波动单元（2）包括：
    减法器模块（21），其第一端获取一回路温度设定值，其第二端获取一回路平均温度测量值，用于计算所述一回路温度设定值减一回路平均温度测量值的差值；
    选择控制模块（22），用于获取并根据各T棒组的完成指示信号和各所述温度棒组的执行指令生成选择控制信号；
    选择模块（23），其第一输入端接入所述差值，其选择端接入所述选择控制信号，以根据所述选择控制信号选择是否输出所述差值；
    第一限值比较模块（24），用于在所述差值大于第一限值时，输出可控制正在进行所述棒位互换处理的需下插棒位的T棒组暂停下插棒位的不闭锁下插信号；以及
    第二限值比较模块（25），用于在所述差值小于第二限值时，输出可控制正在进行所述棒位互换处理的需提升棒位的T棒组暂停提升棒位的不闭锁提升信号。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的核电厂反应堆换棒系统，其特征在于，所述选择控制模块（22）包括第二或门（221），以及与各所述温度棒组一一对应的多个触发模块（222）；
    其中，每一个所述触发模块（222）包括：
    第三或门（2221），其第一、第二输入端分别获取相应温度棒组中两个T棒组的完成指示信号；
    第四与门（2222），其第一输入端连接所述第三或门（2221）的输出端，其第二输入端获取所述相应温度棒组的执行指令；
    第二RS触发器（2223），其R端连接所述第四与门（2222）的输出端，其S端获取所述相应温度棒组的执行指令；
    所述第二或门（221）的各输入端分别连接各所述触发模块（222）包括的第二RS触发器（2223）的输出端，所述第二或门（221）的输出端输出所述选择控制信号。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的核电厂反应堆换棒系统，其特征在于，所述功率判断单元（1）包括：
    温度测量模块（11），用于采集一回路温度测量值；
    锁存模块（12），其锁存端用于接收绝对值比较结果，其输入端连接所述温度测量模块（11）以获取所述一回路温度测量值，用于根据所述绝对值比较结果输出锁存参考值；
    绝对值比较模块（13），其第一端获取所述一回路温度测量值，其第二端连接所述锁存模块（12）的输出端以获取所述锁存参考值，其第三端获取第一设定值，用于判断所述一回路平均温度测量值与锁存参考值的偏差绝对值是否大于第一设定值，且通过其输出端输出所述绝对值比较结果；
    第五非门（14），其输入端连接绝对值比较模块（13）的输出端以获取所述比较信号，进而对所述比较信号进行非运行处理；以及
    前延时模块（15），其输入端连接所述第五非门（14）的输出端，用于延时第一设定时间后，通过其输出端输出所述判断结果。
  9. 一种核电厂反应堆换棒方法，其特征在于，包括：
    S10、判断一回路功率是否稳定，若是执行下一步；
    S20、实时监测所述一回路功率的波动状态；
    S30、根据所述波动状态依次对各温度棒组所包括的两个T棒组进行棒位互换处理。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的核电厂反应堆换棒方法，其特征在于，在所述S30中，还包括：只有在当前温度棒组完成棒位互换后，才允许未完成棒位互换的温度棒组进行所述棒位互换处理。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的核电厂反应堆换棒方法，其特征在于，在所述S10中，所述判断一回路功率是否稳定的步骤，包括：
    在第一设定时间内，判断一回路平均温度测量值与锁存参考值的偏差绝对值是否小于第一设定值，若是判定一回路功率稳定，否则判定一回路功率不稳定。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的核电厂反应堆换棒方法，其特征在于，所述第一设定时间为200秒；和/或，所述第一设定值为0.4℃。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的核电厂反应堆换棒方法，其特征在于，在所述S30之前还包括：记录所有T棒组在进行所述棒位互换处理前所对应的初始棒位；
    在所述S30中，所述棒位互换处理包括：
    在接收到用户输入的暂停指令时，控制所有T棒组停止在当前位置；
    在未接收到用户输入的暂停指令时，控制需提升棒位的T棒组和需下插棒位的T棒组分别以相同速度提升棒位以及下插棒位，直至需提升棒位的T棒组的位置升至需下插棒位的T棒组的初始棒位、需下插棒位的T棒组的位置降至需提升棒位的T棒组的初始棒位。
  14. 根据权利要求9至13任一项所述的核电厂反应堆换棒方法，其特征在于，所述S30包括：
    S301、实时监测一回路平均温度测量值；
    S302、若一回路平均温度设定值与所述一回路平均温度测量值的差值大于第一限值，则控制正在进行所述棒位互换处理的需下插棒位的T棒组暂停下插棒位；
    S303、若所述一回路平均温度设定值与所述一回路平均温度测量值的差值小于第二限值，则控制正在进行所述棒位互换处理的需提升棒位的T棒组暂停提升棒位。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的核电厂反应堆换棒方法，其特征在于，所述第一限值为0.3℃，所述第二限值为-0.3℃。
PCT/CN2023/138585 2023-07-05 2023-12-13 核电厂反应堆换棒系统及方法 Ceased WO2025007512A1 (zh)

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