WO2025005484A1 - 무선랜 시스템에서 채널 액세스 절차를 수행하는 방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
무선랜 시스템에서 채널 액세스 절차를 수행하는 방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2025005484A1 WO2025005484A1 PCT/KR2024/007056 KR2024007056W WO2025005484A1 WO 2025005484 A1 WO2025005484 A1 WO 2025005484A1 KR 2024007056 W KR2024007056 W KR 2024007056W WO 2025005484 A1 WO2025005484 A1 WO 2025005484A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
- G06N20/00—Machine learning
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
- H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
- H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for performing a backoff count procedure for channel access in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) system.
- WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
- Wi-Fi wireless LAN
- VHT Very High-Throughput
- HE High Efficiency
- EHT Extremely High Throughput
- technologies for MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) and multi-access point (AP) coordination that support increased bandwidth, efficient utilization of multiple bands, and increased spatial streams are being studied, and in particular, various technologies are being studied to support low latency or real-time traffic.
- new technologies are being discussed to support ultra-high reliability (UHR), including improvements or extensions of EHT technologies.
- the technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a device and method for performing a backoff count procedure for channel access in a wireless LAN system.
- the technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a device and method for performing channel access using a backoff count set/defined based on artificial intelligence (AI)/machine learning (ML).
- AI artificial intelligence
- ML machine learning
- a method performed by a station (STA) in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system includes the steps of: receiving, from an access point (AP), first information related to whether channel access is allowed based on a first back-off count associated with an artificial intelligence (AI) model; and performing channel access based on at least one of the first back-off count or a second back-off count, based on the first information indicating that channel access is allowed based on the first back-off count, wherein the second back-off count is ignored and the channel access can be performed by the first back-off count based on a value of the second back-off count reaching 0 before the first back-off count.
- AP access point
- AI artificial intelligence
- a method performed by an access point (AP) in a wireless local area network (WLAN) system includes the steps of: receiving capability information related to a first backoff count associated with an artificial intelligence (AI) model from a station (STA); and transmitting first information related to whether channel access is permitted to the STA based on the first backoff count associated with the AI model, wherein based on a second backoff count value reaching 0 before the first backoff count, the second backoff count is ignored and the channel access can be performed by the first backoff count.
- AI artificial intelligence
- a device and method for performing a backoff count procedure for channel access in a wireless LAN system can be provided.
- a device and method for performing channel access using a backoff count set/defined based on AI/ML can be provided.
- efficiency can be increased as channel access procedures using AI/ML are applied.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a wireless communication device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an exemplary structure of a wireless LAN system to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a link setup process to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a backoff process to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a CSMA/CA-based frame transmission operation to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- FIG. 6 is a drawing for explaining an example of a frame structure used in a wireless LAN system to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating examples of PPDUs defined in the IEEE 802.11 standard to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- FIG. 8 is a drawing for explaining an example of a method performed by a STA according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 9 is a drawing for explaining an example of a method performed by an AP according to the present disclosure.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a PPDU transmission and reception procedure between a transmitting STA and a receiving STA according to an example of the present disclosure.
- first in one embodiment
- second component in another embodiment
- first component in another embodiment may be referred to as a first component in another embodiment
- the examples of the present disclosure can be applied to various wireless communication systems.
- the examples of the present disclosure can be applied to a wireless LAN system.
- the examples of the present disclosure can be applied to a wireless LAN based on IEEE 802.11a/g/n/ac/ax/be standards.
- the examples of the present disclosure can be applied to a wireless LAN based on a newly proposed IEEE 802.11bn (or UHR) standard.
- the examples of the present disclosure can be applied to a wireless LAN based on a next-generation standard after IEEE 802.11bn.
- the examples of the present disclosure can be applied to a cellular wireless communication system.
- the examples of the present disclosure can be applied to a cellular wireless communication system based on a Long Term Evolution (LTE) series technology of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard and a New Radio (5G NR) series technology.
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
- 5G NR New Radio
- FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a wireless communication device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the first device (100) and the second device (200) illustrated in FIG. 1 may be replaced with various terms such as a terminal, a wireless device, a Wireless Transmit Receive Unit (WTRU), a User Equipment (UE), a Mobile Station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a Mobile Subscriber Station (MSS), a Mobile Subscriber Unit (MSS), a Subscriber Station (SS), an Advanced Mobile Station (AMS), a Wireless terminal (WT), or simply a user.
- WTRU Wireless Transmit Receive Unit
- UE User Equipment
- MS Mobile Station
- UT a Mobile Subscriber Station
- MSS Mobile Subscriber Unit
- SS Subscriber Station
- AMS Advanced Mobile Station
- WT Wireless terminal
- first device (100) and the second device (200) may be replaced with various terms such as an access point (AP), a base station (BS), a fixed station, a Node B, a base transceiver system (BTS), a network, an Artificial Intelligence (AI) system, a road side unit (RSU), a repeater, a router, a relay, a gateway, etc.
- AP access point
- BS base station
- BTS base transceiver system
- AI Artificial Intelligence
- RSU road side unit
- RSU repeater
- router a relay
- gateway a gateway
- the devices (100, 200) illustrated in FIG. 1 may also be referred to as stations (STAs).
- STAs stations
- the devices (100, 200) illustrated in FIG. 1 may be referred to by various terms such as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a transmitting STA, and a receiving STA.
- the STAs (110, 200) may perform an AP (access point) role or a non-AP role. That is, the STAs (110, 200) in the present disclosure may perform functions of an AP and/or a non-AP.
- the STAs (110, 200) When the STAs (110, 200) perform an AP function, they may simply be referred to as APs, and when the STAs (110, 200) perform a non-AP function, they may simply be referred to as STAs.
- the APs in the present disclosure may also be indicated as AP STAs.
- the first device (100) and the second device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless LAN technologies (e.g., IEEE 802.11 series).
- the first device (100) and the second device (200) can include interfaces for a medium access control (MAC) layer and a physical layer (PHY) that follow the regulations of the IEEE 802.11 standard.
- MAC medium access control
- PHY physical layer
- the first device (100) and the second device (200) may additionally support various communication standards (for example, standards of 3GPP LTE series, 5G NR series, etc.) other than wireless LAN technology.
- the device of the present disclosure may be implemented as various devices such as a mobile phone, a vehicle, a personal computer, an Augmented Reality (AR) device, and a Virtual Reality (VR) device.
- the STA of the present specification may support various communication services such as a voice call, a video call, a data communication, autonomous driving, MTC (Machine-Type Communication), M2M (Machine-to-Machine), D2D (Device-to-Device), and IoT (Internet-of-Things).
- a first device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (106) and/or one or more antennas (108).
- the processor (102) controls the memories (104) and/or the transceivers (106), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure.
- the processor (102) may process information in the memory (104) to generate first information/signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information/signal via the transceiver (106).
- the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal including second information/signal via the transceiver (106), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information/signal in the memory (104).
- the memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102), or may store software codes including instructions for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operation flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure.
- the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement a wireless LAN technology (e.g., IEEE 802.11 series).
- the transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (108).
- the transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and/or a receiver.
- the transceiver (106) may be used interchangeably with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit.
- a device may also mean a communication modem/circuit/chip.
- the second device (200) includes one or more processors (202), one or more memories (204), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (206) and/or one or more antennas (208).
- the processor (202) may control the memories (204) and/or the transceivers (206), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure.
- the processor (202) may process information in the memory (204) to generate third information/signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information/signal via the transceiver (206).
- the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information/signal via the transceiver (206), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information/signal in the memory (204).
- the memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, the memory (204) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202), or may store software codes including instructions for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in the present disclosure.
- the processor (202) and the memory (204) may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement a wireless LAN technology (e.g., IEEE 802.11 series).
- the transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208).
- the transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and/or a receiver.
- the transceiver (206) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit.
- a device may also mean a communication modem/circuit/chip.
- one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202).
- one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC).
- One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and/or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure.
- PDUs Protocol Data Units
- SDUs Service Data Units
- One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure.
- One or more processors (102, 202) can generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, suggestions and/or methodologies disclosed in this disclosure, and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (106, 206).
- One or more processors (102, 202) can receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure.
- signals e.g., baseband signals
- the one or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer.
- the one or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
- ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
- DSPs Digital Signal Processors
- DSPDs Digital Signal Processing Devices
- PLDs Programmable Logic Devices
- FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
- the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc.
- the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more of the following: included in one or more processors (102, 202), or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and driven by one or more of the processors (102, 202).
- the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and/or sets of instructions.
- One or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and/or commands.
- the one or more memories (104, 204) may be comprised of ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer readable storage media, and/or combinations thereof.
- the one or more memories (104, 204) may be located internally and/or externally to the one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, the one or more memories (104, 204) may be coupled to the one or more processors (102, 202) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.
- One or more transceivers (106, 206) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and/or flowcharts of the present disclosure, to one or more other devices.
- One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or flowcharts of the present disclosure, from one or more other devices.
- one or more transceivers (106, 206) can be coupled to one or more processors (102, 202) and can transmit and receive wireless signals.
- one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be coupled to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, and the like, as described in the description, function, procedure, proposal, method, and/or operational flowchart, etc.
- one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas, or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports).
- One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert received user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).
- One or more transceivers (106, 206) may convert processed user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc. from baseband signals to RF band signals using one or more processors (102, 202).
- one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include an (analog) oscillator and/or filter.
- one of the STAs (100, 200) may perform the intended operation of an AP, and the other of the STAs (100, 200) may perform the intended operation of a non-AP STA.
- the transceivers (106, 206) of FIG. 1 may perform transmission and reception operations of signals (e.g., packets or PPDUs (Physical layer Protocol Data Units) according to IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be/bn, etc.).
- signals e.g., packets or PPDUs (Physical layer Protocol Data Units) according to IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be/bn, etc.
- operations of various STAs generating transmission and reception signals or performing data processing or calculations in advance for transmission and reception signals may be performed in the processors (102, 202) of FIG. 1.
- an example of an operation for generating a transmit/receive signal or performing data processing or calculation in advance for a transmit/receive signal may include: 1) an operation for determining/acquiring/configuring/computing/decoding/encoding bit information of a field (SIG (signal), STF (short training field), LTF (long training field), Data, etc.) included in a PPDU, 2) an operation for determining/configuring/acquiring time resources or frequency resources (e.g., subcarrier resources) used for the fields (SIG, STF, LTF, Data, etc.) included in a PPDU, 3) an operation for determining/configuring/acquiring specific sequences (e.g., pilot sequences, STF/LTF sequences, extra sequences applied to SIG) used for the fields (SIG, STF, LTF, Data, etc.) included in a PPDU, 4) a power control operation and/or a power saving operation applied to an STA, 5) an operation related to determining/acquiring/acquiring/
- various information e.g., information related to fields/subfields/control fields/parameters/power, etc.
- various information e.g., information related to fields/subfields/control fields/parameters/power, etc.
- various STAs for determining/acquiring/configuring/computing/decoding/encoding transmission/reception signals can be stored in the memory (104, 204) of FIG. 1.
- downlink means a link for communication from an AP STA to a non-AP STA, and downlink PPDU/packet/signal, etc. can be transmitted and received through the downlink.
- a transmitter may be part of an AP STA, and a receiver may be part of a non-AP STA.
- Uplink (UL) means a link for communication from a non-AP STA to an AP STA, and uplink PPDU/packet/signal, etc. can be transmitted and received through the uplink.
- a transmitter may be part of a non-AP STA, and a receiver may be part of an AP STA.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an exemplary structure of a wireless LAN system to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- a wireless LAN supporting transparent STA mobility to a higher layer can be provided through the interaction of multiple components.
- a BSS Basic Service Set
- FIG. 2 illustrates an example in which two BSSs (BSS1 and BSS2) exist and two STAs are included as members of each BSS (STA1 and STA2 are included in BSS1, and STA3 and STA4 are included in BSS2).
- An ellipse representing a BSS in FIG. 2 can also be understood as representing a coverage area in which STAs included in the corresponding BSS maintain communication. This area can be referred to as a BSA (Basic Service Area). If an STA moves out of the BSA, it cannot directly communicate with other STAs within the corresponding BSA.
- BSA Basic Service Area
- an IBSS can have a minimal form consisting of only two STAs.
- BSS1 consisting of only STA1 and STA2
- BSS2 consisting of only STA3 and STA4
- This configuration is possible when STAs can communicate directly without an AP.
- a LAN can be configured when needed rather than being planned in advance, and this can be called an ad-hoc network.
- an IBSS does not include an AP, there is no centralized management entity that performs management functions. That is, in an IBSS, STAs are managed in a distributed manner. In IBSS, all STAs can be mobile STAs, and access to distributed systems (DS) is not permitted, forming a self-contained network.
- DS distributed systems
- the membership of an STA in a BSS can be dynamically changed by the STA turning on or off, the STA entering or leaving the BSS area, etc.
- an STA can join the BSS using a synchronization process.
- an STA In order to access all services of the BSS infrastructure, an STA must be associated with a BSS. This association can be dynamically established and may include the use of a Distribution System Service (DSS).
- DSS Distribution System Service
- the direct STA-to-STA distance may be limited by the PHY performance. In some cases, this distance limitation may be sufficient, but in some cases, communication between STAs over longer distances may be required.
- a distributed system may be configured.
- DS refers to a structure in which BSSs are interconnected.
- a BSS may exist as an extended component of a network composed of multiple BSSs, as shown in FIG. 2.
- DS is a logical concept and can be specified by the characteristics of a distributed system medium (DSM).
- DSM distributed system medium
- WM wireless medium
- DSM distributed system medium
- Each logical medium is used for a different purpose and is used by different components. These media are neither limited to being the same nor limited to being different.
- the flexibility of a wireless LAN structure can be explained in that multiple media are logically different.
- a wireless LAN structure can be implemented in various ways, and each wireless LAN structure can be independently specified by the physical characteristics of each implementation example.
- a DS can support mobile devices by providing seamless integration of multiple BSSs and providing logical services necessary to handle addresses to destinations.
- a DS can further include a component called a portal that acts as a bridge for connecting wireless LANs to other networks (e.g., IEEE 802.X).
- An AP is an entity that enables access to a DS through a WM for associated non-AP STAs, and also has the functionality of an STA. Data movement between a BSS and a DS can be performed through an AP.
- STA2 and STA3 illustrated in FIG. 2 have the functionality of an STA, and provide a function that allows associated non-AP STAs (STA1 and STA4) to access the DS.
- all APs are basically STAs, all APs are addressable entities.
- the address used by an AP for communication on a WM and the address used by an AP for communication on a DSM need not necessarily be the same.
- a BSS consisting of an AP and one or more STAs can be called an infrastructure BSS.
- Data transmitted from one of the STA(s) associated with an AP to the STA address of that AP is always received on an uncontrolled port and can be processed by an IEEE 802.1X port access entity.
- the transmitted data (or frame) can be forwarded to the DS.
- an Extended Service Set may be established to provide wider coverage.
- An ESS is a network of arbitrary size and complexity consisting of DS and BSS.
- An ESS may correspond to a set of BSSs connected to a DS. However, an ESS does not include a DS.
- An ESS network is characterized by being seen as an IBSS in the LLC (Logical Link Control) layer. STAs included in an ESS can communicate with each other, and mobile STAs can move from one BSS to another BSS (within the same ESS) transparently to the LLC.
- APs included in an ESS may have the same SSID (service set identification). The SSID is distinct from the BSSID, which is an identifier of the BSS.
- the BSSs can be partially overlapped, which is a common configuration used to provide continuous coverage.
- the BSSs can be physically unconnected, and logically there is no limit to the distance between the BSSs.
- the BSSs can be physically co-located, which can be used to provide redundancy.
- one (or more) IBSS or ESS networks can physically co-exist in the same space as one (or more) ESS networks. This can correspond to ESS network configurations such as cases where ad-hoc networks operate at locations where ESS networks exist, cases where physically overlapping wireless networks are configured by different organizations, or cases where two or more different access and security policies are required at the same location.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a link setup process to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- the link setup process may also be referred to as a session initiation process or a session setup process.
- the discovery, authentication, association, and security setup processes of the link setup process may be collectively referred to as the association process.
- the STA may perform a network discovery operation.
- the network discovery operation may include a scanning operation of the STA. That is, in order for the STA to access the network, it must find a network that it can participate in. The STA must identify a compatible network before participating in the wireless network, and the process of identifying networks existing in a specific area is called scanning.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a network discovery operation including an active scanning process as an example.
- active scanning an STA performing scanning transmits a probe request frame to search for APs in the vicinity while moving between channels and waits for a response thereto.
- a responder transmits a probe response frame to the STA that transmitted the probe request frame as a response to the probe request frame.
- the responder may be an STA that last transmitted a beacon frame in the BSS of the channel being scanned.
- the AP transmits a beacon frame, so the AP becomes the responder, and in the IBSS, the STAs within the IBSS take turns transmitting beacon frames, so the responder is not fixed.
- an STA that transmits a probe request frame on channel 1 and receives a probe response frame on channel 1 can store BSS-related information included in the received probe response frame and move to the next channel (e.g., channel 2) to perform scanning (i.e., transmitting and receiving probe request/response on channel 2) in the same manner.
- the next channel e.g., channel 2
- scanning i.e., transmitting and receiving probe request/response on channel 2
- the scanning operation can also be performed in a passive scanning manner.
- passive scanning an STA performing scanning moves through channels and waits for a beacon frame.
- a beacon frame is one of the management frames defined in IEEE 802.11, and is periodically transmitted to notify the existence of a wireless network and to enable an STA performing scanning to find a wireless network and participate in the wireless network.
- an AP In a BSS, an AP periodically transmits a beacon frame, and in an IBSS, STAs in the IBSS take turns transmitting beacon frames.
- an STA performing scanning receives a beacon frame, it stores information about the BSS included in the beacon frame and moves to another channel, recording beacon frame information on each channel.
- step S320 After the STA discovers the network, an authentication process may be performed in step S320.
- This authentication process may be referred to as a first authentication process to clearly distinguish it from the security setup operation of step S340 described below.
- the authentication process includes the STA sending an authentication request frame to the AP, and the AP sending an authentication response frame to the STA in response.
- the authentication frame used for the authentication request/response corresponds to a management frame.
- the STA may transmit an authentication request frame to the AP.
- the AP may determine whether to allow authentication for the STA based on information included in the received authentication request frame.
- the AP may provide the result of the authentication processing to the STA through an authentication response frame.
- an association process may be performed in step S330.
- the association process includes a process in which the STA transmits an association request frame to the AP, and in response, the AP transmits an association response frame to the STA.
- a security setup process may be performed in step S340.
- the security setup process of step S340 may be referred to as an authentication process through a Robust Security Network Association (RSNA) request/response
- the authentication process of step S320 may be referred to as a first authentication process
- the security setup process of step S340 may be referred to simply as an authentication process.
- RSNA Robust Security Network Association
- the security setup process of step S340 may include a process of performing private key setup, for example, through 4-way handshaking via an Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN (EAPOL) frame. Additionally, the security setup process may be performed according to a security method not defined in the IEEE 802.11 standard.
- EAPOL Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a backoff process to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- the basic access mechanism of MAC is the CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) mechanism.
- the CSMA/CA mechanism is also called the Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) of IEEE 802.11 MAC, and basically adopts the "listen before talk" access mechanism.
- DCF Distributed Coordination Function
- the AP and/or STA may perform a Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) to sense the wireless channel or medium for a predetermined time period (e.g., a DCF Inter-Frame Space (DIFS)) before starting transmission. If the sensing result determines that the medium is in an idle state, the AP and/or STA may start transmitting frames through the medium.
- CCA Clear Channel Assessment
- DIFS DCF Inter-Frame Space
- the AP and/or STA may not start its own transmission, but may wait for a delay period (e.g., a random backoff period) for medium access and then attempt to transmit frames.
- a delay period e.g., a random backoff period
- the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol provides a Hybrid Coordination Function (HCF).
- the HCF is based on the DCF and the Point Coordination Function (PCF).
- the PCF is a polling-based synchronous access method in which all receiving APs and/or STAs periodically poll to receive data frames.
- the HCF has EDCA (Enhanced Distributed Channel Access) and HCCA (HCF Controlled Channel Access).
- EDCA is a contention-based access method in which a provider provides data frames to multiple users, and HCCA uses a non-contention-based channel access method using a polling mechanism.
- the HCF includes a medium access mechanism for improving the QoS (Quality of Service) of a wireless LAN, and can transmit QoS data in both a contention period (CP) and a contention-free period (CFP).
- QoS Quality of Service
- a random backoff period When an occupied/busy medium changes to an idle state, multiple STAs may attempt to transmit data (or frames). As a measure to minimize collisions, each STA may select a random backoff count, wait for a corresponding slot time, and then attempt to transmit.
- the random backoff count has a pseudo-random integer value and may be determined as one of the values in the range of 0 to CW.
- CW is a contention window parameter value.
- the CW parameter is initially given CWmin, but may take a double value in case of a transmission failure (e.g., when an ACK for a transmitted frame is not received).
- the STA continues to monitor the medium while counting down the backoff slots according to the determined backoff count value. If the medium is monitored as occupied, the countdown stops and waits, and when the medium becomes idle, the remaining countdown is resumed.
- STA3 when a packet to be transmitted reaches the MAC of STA3, STA3 can check that the medium is idle for DIFS and transmit the frame right away. The remaining STAs monitor whether the medium is occupied/busy and wait. In the meantime, data to be transmitted may also occur in each of STA1, STA2, and STA5, and each STA can perform a countdown of the backoff slot according to a random backoff count value selected by each STA after waiting for DIFS when the medium is monitored as idle. Assume that STA2 selects the smallest backoff count value and STA1 selects the largest backoff count value.
- this example shows a case where the remaining backoff time of STA5 is shorter than the remaining backoff time of STA1 when STA2 finishes the backoff count and starts frame transmission.
- STA1 and STA5 briefly stop the countdown and wait while STA2 occupies the medium.
- STA1 and STA5 resume the stopped backoff count after waiting for DIFS. That is, they can start frame transmission after counting down the remaining backoff slots by the remaining backoff time. Since the remaining backoff time of STA5 is shorter than that of STA1, STA5 starts frame transmission. While STA2 occupies the medium, STA4 may also have data to transmit.
- STA4 From STA4's perspective, when the medium becomes idle, it waits for DIFS, performs a countdown according to the random backoff count value it selected, and starts frame transmission.
- the remaining backoff time of STA5 coincidentally matches the random backoff count value of STA4, and in this case, a collision may occur between STA4 and STA5. If a collision occurs, neither STA4 nor STA5 will receive an ACK, resulting in a failure in data transmission. In this case, STA4 and STA5 can select a random backoff count value and perform a countdown after doubling the CW value.
- STA1 waits while the medium is occupied by transmissions from STA4 and STA5, and when the medium becomes idle, it waits for DIFS, and then starts transmitting frames after the remaining backoff time has elapsed.
- a data frame is a frame used for transmitting data forwarded to a higher layer, and can be transmitted after a backoff performed after DIFS elapses from when the medium becomes idle.
- a management frame is a frame used for exchanging management information that is not forwarded to a higher layer, and is transmitted after a backoff performed after an IFS such as DIFS or PIFS (Point coordination function IFS) elapses.
- Subtype frames of the management frame include a beacon, an association request/response, a re-association request/response, a probe request/response, and an authentication request/response.
- a control frame is a frame used to control access to the medium.
- the subtype frames of the control frame include RTS (Request-To-Send), CTS (Clear-To-Send), ACK (Acknowledgment), PS-Poll (Power Save-Poll), Block ACK (BlockAck), Block ACK Request (BlockACKReq), NDP notification (null data packet announcement), and Trigger. If the control frame is not a response frame to the previous frame, it is transmitted after the backoff performed after the DIFS (DIFS), and if it is a response frame to the previous frame, it is transmitted without the backoff performed after the SIFS (short IFS).
- DIFS DIFS
- SIFS short IFS
- a QoS (Quality of Service) STA can transmit a frame after a backoff performed after the AIFS (arbitration IFS) for the access category (AC) to which the frame belongs, that is, AIFS[i] (where i is a value determined by the AC), has elapsed.
- AIFS aromatic IFS
- the frames for which AIFS[i] can be used can be data frames, management frames, and also control frames that are not response frames.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a CSMA/CA-based frame transmission operation to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- the CSMA/CA mechanism includes virtual carrier sensing in addition to physical carrier sensing in which an STA directly senses the medium.
- Virtual carrier sensing is intended to complement problems that may occur in medium access, such as the hidden node problem.
- the MAC of the STA may utilize a Network Allocation Vector (NAV).
- NAV Network Allocation Vector
- the NAV is a value that indicates to other STAs the remaining time until the medium becomes available, by an STA that is currently using or has the right to use the medium. Therefore, the value set as NAV corresponds to the period during which the medium is scheduled to be used by the STA transmitting the corresponding frame, and the STA that receives the NAV value is prohibited from accessing the medium during the corresponding period.
- the NAV may be set based on the value of the "duration" field of the MAC header of the frame.
- STA1 wants to transmit data to STA2, and STA3 is in a position to overhear part or all of the frames transmitted and received between STA1 and STA2.
- a mechanism using RTS/CTS frames may be applied.
- STA3 may determine that the carrier sensing result of the medium is idle. That is, STA1 may correspond to a hidden node to STA3.
- STA2 may transmitting, STA3 may determine that the carrier sensing result of the medium is idle. That is, STA2 may correspond to a hidden node to STA3.
- STAs outside the transmission range of either STA1 or STA2, or STAs outside the carrier sensing range for transmission from STA1 or STA3 may not attempt to occupy the channel during data transmission and reception between STA1 and STA2.
- STA1 can determine whether a channel is occupied through carrier sensing.
- STA1 can determine a channel occupied idle state based on energy magnitude or signal correlation detected in the channel.
- STA1 can determine a channel occupied state using a network allocation vector (NAV) timer.
- NAV network allocation vector
- STA1 can transmit an RTS frame to STA2 after performing a backoff if the channel is idle during DIFS.
- STA2 can transmit a CTS frame, which is a response to the RTS frame, to STA1 after SIFS if it receives the RTS frame.
- STA3 can set a NAV timer for the subsequently transmitted frame transmission period (e.g., SIFS + CTS frame + SIFS + data frame + SIFS + ACK frame) using the duration information included in the RTS frame.
- STA3 can set a NAV timer for the subsequently transmitted frame transmission period (e.g., SIFS + data frame + SIFS + ACK frame) using the duration information included in the CTS frame.
- STA3 can overhear one or more of the RTS or CTS frames from one or more of STA1 or STA2, it can set a NAV accordingly.
- STA3 can update the NAV timer using the duration information contained in the new frame if it receives a new frame before the NAV timer expires. STA3 does not attempt to access the channel until the NAV timer expires.
- STA1 receives a CTS frame from STA2, it can transmit a data frame to STA2 after SIFS from the time when reception of the CTS frame is completed. If STA2 successfully receives the data frame, it can transmit an ACK frame in response to the data frame to STA1 after SIFS.
- STA3 can determine whether the channel is in use through carrier sensing if the NAV timer expires. If STA3 determines that the channel is not in use by other terminals during DIFS after the expiration of the NAV timer, it can attempt channel access after a contention window (CW) following a random backoff has elapsed.
- CW contention window
- FIG. 6 is a drawing for explaining an example of a frame structure used in a wireless LAN system to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- the PHY layer can prepare an MPDU (MAC PDU) to be transmitted by an instruction or primitive (meaning a set of instructions or parameters) from the MAC layer. For example, when a command requesting the start of transmission of the PHY layer is received from the MAC layer, the PHY layer can switch to transmission mode and transmit information (e.g., data) provided from the MAC layer in the form of a frame. In addition, when the PHY layer detects a valid preamble of the received frame, it monitors the header of the preamble and sends a command to the MAC layer notifying the start of reception of the PHY layer.
- MPDU MPDU
- an instruction or primitive meaning a set of instructions or parameters
- PPDU PHY layer Protocol Data Unit
- a basic PPDU may include a Short Training Field (STF), a Long Training Field (LTF), a SIGNAL (SIG) field, and a Data field.
- STF Short Training Field
- LTF Long Training Field
- SIG SIGNAL
- PPDU format may consist of only a Legacy-STF (L-STF), a Legacy-LTF (L-LTF), a Legacy-SIG (Legacy-SIG) field, and a Data field.
- RL-SIG RL-SIG
- U-SIG non-legacy SIG field
- non-legacy STF non-legacy LTF
- xx-SIG xx-SIG
- xx-LTF e.g., xx represents HT, VHT, HE, EHT, etc.
- STF is a signal for signal detection, AGC (Automatic Gain Control), diversity selection, precise time synchronization, etc.
- LTF is a signal for channel estimation, frequency error estimation, etc. STF and LTF can be said to be signals for OFDM physical layer synchronization and channel estimation.
- the SIG field may include various information related to PPDU transmission and reception.
- the L-SIG field may consist of 24 bits and may include a 4-bit Rate field, a 1-bit Reserved bit, a 12-bit Length field, a 1-bit Parity field, and a 6-bit Tail field.
- the RATE field may include information about a modulation and coding rate of data.
- the 12-bit Length field may include information about the length or time duration of the PPDU.
- the value of the 12-bit Length field may be determined based on the type of the PPDU. For example, for a non-HT, HT, VHT, or EHT PPDU, the value of the Length field may be determined as a multiple of 3.
- the value of the Length field can be determined as a multiple of 3 + 1 or a multiple of 3 + 2.
- the data field may include a SERVICE field, a Physical layer Service Data Unit (PSDU), a PPDU TAIL bit, and, if necessary, padding bits.
- PSDU Physical layer Service Data Unit
- PPDU TAIL bit may be used to return the encoder to the 0 state.
- padding bit may be used to adjust the length of the data field to a predetermined unit.
- MAC PDU is defined according to various MAC frame formats, and the basic MAC frame consists of a MAC header, frame body, and FCS (Frame Check Sequence).
- MAC frame consists of MAC PDU and can be transmitted/received through PSDU of the data part of PPDU format.
- the MAC header includes a Frame Control field, a Duration/ID field, an Address field, etc.
- the Frame Control field may include control information required for frame transmission/reception.
- the Duration/ID field may be set to a time for transmitting the corresponding frame, etc.
- the Address subfields may indicate a receiver address, a transmitter address, a destination address, and a source address of the frame, and some Address subfields may be omitted. For specific details of each subfield of the MAC header, including the Sequence Control, QoS Control, and HT Control subfields, refer to the IEEE 802.11 standard document.
- Null-Data PPDU (NDP) format refers to a PPDU format that does not include a data field. That is, NDP refers to a frame format that includes a PPDU preamble (i.e., L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG fields, and additionally, non-legacy SIG, non-legacy STF, non-legacy LTF if present) in a general PPDU format, and does not include the remaining part (i.e., data field).
- a PPDU preamble i.e., L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG fields, and additionally, non-legacy SIG, non-legacy STF, non-legacy LTF if present
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating examples of PPDUs defined in the IEEE 802.11 standard to which the present disclosure can be applied.
- the basic PPDU format (IEEE 802.11a/g) includes L-LTF, L-STF, L-SIG, and Data fields.
- the basic PPDU format can also be called a non-HT PPDU format (Fig. 7(a)).
- the HT PPDU format (IEEE 802.11n) additionally includes HT-SIG, HT-STF, and HT-LFT(s) fields in the basic PPDU format.
- the HT PPDU format illustrated in Fig. 7(b) may be referred to as an HT-mixed format.
- an HT-greenfield format PPDU may be defined, which corresponds to a format that does not include L-STF, L-LTF, and L-SIG, and consists of HT-GF-STF, HT-LTF1, HT-SIG, one or more HT-LTF, and Data fields (not illustrated).
- VHT PPDU format includes VHT SIG-A, VHT-STF, VHT-LTF, and VHT-SIG-B fields in addition to the basic PPDU format (Fig. 7(c)).
- HE PPDU format (IEEE 802.11ax) additionally includes RL-SIG (Repeated L-SIG), HE-SIG-A, HE-SIG-B, HE-STF, HE-LTF(s), and PE (Packet Extension) fields in the basic PPDU format (Fig. 7(d)).
- RL-SIG Repeated L-SIG
- HE-SIG-A HE-SIG-B
- HE-STF HE-LTF(s)
- PE Packet Extension
- some fields may be excluded or their lengths may vary.
- the HE-SIG-B field is included in a HE PPDU format for multi-users (MUs), and the HE PPDU format for single users (SUs) does not include the HE-SIG-B.
- a HE trigger-based (TB) PPDU format does not include the HE-SIG-B, and the length of the HE-STF field may vary to 8us.
- a HE ER (Extended Range) SU PPDU format does not include the HE-SIG-B field, and the length of the HE-SIG-A field may vary to 16us.
- RL-SIG can be configured identically to L-SIG. The receiving STA can know that the received PPDU is a HE PPDU or an EHT PPDU, described later, based on the presence of RL-SIG.
- the EHT PPDU format may include the EHT MU (multi-user) PPDU of Fig. 7(e) and the EHT TB (trigger-based) PPDU of Fig. 7(f).
- the EHT PPDU format is similar to the HE PPDU format in that it includes an RL-SIG following an L-SIG, but it may include a U (universal)-SIG, an EHT-SIG, an EHT-STF, and an EHT-LTF following the RL-SIG.
- the EHT MU PPDU in Fig. 7(e) corresponds to a PPDU that carries one or more data (or PSDU) for one or more users. That is, the EHT MU PPDU can be used for both SU transmission and MU transmission.
- the EHT MU PPDU can correspond to a PPDU for one receiving STA or multiple receiving STAs.
- the EHT TB PPDU of Fig. 7(f) omits EHT-SIG compared to the EHT MU PPDU.
- An STA that has received a trigger for UL MU transmission e.g., a trigger frame or TRS (triggered response scheduling)
- TRS triggered response scheduling
- the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG (Universal SIGNAL), and EHT-SIG fields can be encoded and modulated and mapped based on a predetermined subcarrier frequency interval (e.g., 312.5 kHz) so that even legacy STAs can attempt to demodulate and decode them. These can be referred to as pre-EHT modulated fields.
- the EHT-STF, EHT-LTF, Data, and PE fields can be encoded and modulated and mapped based on a predetermined subcarrier frequency interval (e.g., 78.125 kHz) so that they can be demodulated and decoded by an STA that successfully decodes a non-legacy SIG (e.g., U-SIG and/or EHT-SIG) and obtains the information included in the corresponding fields.
- a predetermined subcarrier frequency interval e.g., 78.125 kHz
- a non-legacy SIG e.g., U-SIG and/or EHT-SIG
- EHT modulated fields e.g., U-SIG and/or EHT-SIG
- the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, HE-SIG-A, and HE-SIG-B fields may be referred to as pre-HE modulation fields, and the HE-STF, HE-LTF, Data, and PE fields may be referred to as HE modulation fields.
- the L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, and VHT-SIG-A fields may be referred to as pre-VHT modulation fields
- the VHT STF, VHT-LTF, VHT-SIG-B, and Data fields may be referred to as VHT modulation fields.
- the U-SIG included in the EHT PPDU format of Fig. 7 can be configured based on, for example, two symbols (e.g., two consecutive OFDM symbols).
- Each symbol (e.g., OFDM symbol) for the U-SIG can have a duration of 4us, and the U-SIG can have a total duration of 8us.
- Each symbol of the U-SIG can be used to transmit 26 bits of information.
- each symbol of the U-SIG can be transmitted and received based on 52 data tones and 4 pilot tones.
- U-SIG can be configured in 20MHz units. For example, when an 80MHz PPDU is configured, the same U-SIG can be replicated in 20MHz units. That is, four identical U-SIGs can be included in an 80MHz PPDU. When the bandwidth exceeds 80MHz, for example, for a 160MHz PPDU, the U-SIG of the first 80MHz unit and the U-SIG of the second 80MHz unit can be different.
- a uncoded bits can be transmitted, and a first symbol of U-SIG (e.g., U-SIG-1 symbol) can transmit the first X bits of information out of the total A bits of information, and a second symbol of U-SIG (e.g., U-SIG-2 symbol) can transmit the remaining Y bits of information out of the total A bits of information.
- the A bits of information e.g., 52 uncoded bits
- the tail field can be used to terminate the trellis of the convolutional decoder and can be set to 0, for example.
- the A bit information transmitted by U-SIG can be divided into version-independent bits and version-dependent bits.
- U-SIG may be included in a new PPDU format (e.g., UHR PPDU format) not shown in FIG. 7, and in the format of the U-SIG field included in the EHT PPDU format and the format of the U-SIG field included in the UHR PPDU format, the version-independent bits may be the same, and some or all of the version-dependent bits may be different.
- the size of the version-independent bits of U-SIG can be fixed or variable.
- the version-independent bits can be assigned only to U-SIG-1 symbols, or to both U-SIG-1 symbols and U-SIG-2 symbols.
- the version-independent bits and the version-dependent bits can be called by various names, such as the first control bit and the second control bit.
- the version-independent bits of U-SIG may include a 3-bit PHY version identifier, which may indicate the PHY version (e.g., EHT, UHR, etc.) of the transmitted and received PPDU.
- the version-independent bits of U-SIG may include a 1-bit UL/DL flag field. The first value of the 1-bit UL/DL flag field relates to UL communication, and the second value of the UL/DL flag field relates to DL communication.
- the version-independent bits of U-SIG may include information about the length of a TXOP (transmission opportunity) and information about a BSS color ID.
- the version-dependent bits of the U-SIG may contain information that directly or indirectly indicates the type of the PPDU (e.g., SU PPDU, MU PPDU, TB PPDU, etc.).
- the U-SIG may further include information about bandwidth, information about an MCS technique applied to a non-legacy SIG (e.g., EHT-SIG or UHR-SIG, etc.), information indicating whether a dual carrier modulation (DCM) technique (e.g., a technique for achieving an effect similar to frequency diversity by reusing the same signal on two subcarriers) is applied to the non-legacy SIG, information about the number of symbols used for the non-legacy SIG, information about whether the non-legacy SIG is generated over the entire band, etc.
- DCM dual carrier modulation
- Some of the information required for PPDU transmission and reception may be included in the U-SIG and/or the non-legacy SIG (e.g., EHT-SIG or UHR-SIG, etc.).
- information about the type of non-legacy LTF/STF e.g., EHT-LTF/EHT-STF or UHR-LTF/UHR-STF, etc.
- information about the length of the non-legacy LTF and the cyclic prefix (CP) length e.g., EHT-LTF/EHT-STF or UHR-LTF/UHR-STF, etc.
- information about the length of the non-legacy LTF and the cyclic prefix (CP) length e.g., information about the guard interval (GI) applied to the non-legacy LTF
- information about the preamble puncturing applicable to the PPDU e.g., information about the resource unit (RU) allocation, etc.
- RU resource unit
- Preamble puncturing may mean transmission of a PPDU in which no signal is present in one or more frequency units within the bandwidth of the PPDU.
- the size of the frequency unit (or the resolution of the preamble puncturing) may be defined as 20 MHz, 40 MHz, etc.
- preamble puncturing may be applied to a PPDU bandwidth greater than a predetermined size.
- non-legacy SIGs such as HE-SIG-B, EHT-SIG, etc. may include control information for the receiving STA.
- the non-legacy SIG may be transmitted through at least one symbol, and one symbol may have a length of 4 us.
- Information about the number of symbols used for EHT-SIG may be included in a previous SIG (e.g., HE-SIG-A, U-SIG, etc.).
- Non-legacy SIGs such as HE-SIG-B, EHT-SIG, etc.
- HE-SIG-B may contain common fields and user-specific fields. Common fields and user-specific fields may be coded separately.
- the common field may be omitted.
- the common field may be omitted, and multiple STAs may receive a PPDU (e.g., a data field of a PPDU) over the same frequency band.
- a PPDU e.g., a data field of a PPDU
- multiple users may receive a PPDU (e.g., a data field of a PPDU) over different frequency bands.
- the number of user-specific fields can be determined based on the number of users.
- One user block field can include at most two user fields.
- Each user field can be associated with an MU-MIMO allocation or associated with a non-MU-MIMO allocation.
- the common field may include CRC bits and Tail bits, the length of the CRC bits may be determined as 4 bits, the length of the Tail bits may be determined as 6 bits and may be set to 000000.
- the common field may include RU allocation information.
- the RU allocation information may include information about the location of RUs to which multiple users (i.e., multiple receiving STAs) are allocated.
- An RU may include multiple subcarriers (or tones). An RU may be used when transmitting signals to multiple STAs based on the OFDMA technique. An RU may also be defined when transmitting signals to one STA. Resources may be allocated in RU units for non-legacy STFs, non-legacy LTFs, and Data fields.
- an applicable size of RU can be defined.
- the RU may be defined identically or differently for the applicable PPDU format (e.g., HE PPDU, EHT PPDU, UHR PPDU, etc.).
- the RU arrangements of HE PPDU and EHT PPDU may be different.
- the applicable RU size, RU number, RU position, DC (direct current) subcarrier position and number, null subcarrier position and number, guard subcarrier position and number, etc. for each PPDU bandwidth can be referred to as a tone plan.
- a tone plan for a wide bandwidth can be defined in the form of multiple repetitions of a tone plan for a low bandwidth.
- RUs of different sizes can be defined, such as 26-tone RU, 52-tone RU, 106-tone RU, 242-tone RU, 484-tone RU, 996-tone RU, 2 ⁇ 996-tone RU, 4 ⁇ 996-tone RU, etc.
- a multiple RU is distinct from multiple individual RUs and corresponds to a group of subcarriers consisting of multiple RUs.
- one MRU can be defined as 52+26-tones, 106+26-tones, 484+242-tones, 996+484-tones, 996+484+242-tones, 2 ⁇ 996+484-tones, 3 ⁇ 996-tones, or 3 ⁇ 996+484-tones.
- multiple RUs constituting one MRU may or may not be consecutive in the frequency domain.
- the specific size of the RU may be reduced or expanded. Therefore, the specific size of each RU (i.e., the number of corresponding tones) in the present disclosure is not limited and is exemplary. In addition, within a given bandwidth (e.g., 20, 40, 80, 160, 320 MHz, ...) in the present disclosure, the number of RUs may vary depending on the RU size.
- each field in the PPDU formats of FIG. 7 are exemplary, and the scope of the present disclosure is not limited by the names.
- the examples of the present disclosure can be applied not only to the PPDU format exemplified in FIG. 7, but also to a new PPDU format in which some fields are excluded and/or some fields are added based on the PPDU formats of FIG. 7.
- AI/ML algorithms have made significant progress and are being applied to various fields including medical diagnosis, speech recognition, computer vision, and vision and control integration in robotics.
- AIML algorithms are also emerging as important components in many applications such as autonomous driving, language translation, and human-machine interaction.
- AI refers to all automation that allows machines to do the work that humans should do
- ML refers to a technology that allows machines to learn patterns for decision-making from data without explicitly programming rules.
- Deep Learning is a model based on artificial neural networks, which allows machines to perform feature extraction and judgment from unstructured data at once.
- the algorithm relies on a multilayer network of interconnected nodes for feature extraction and transformation inspired by the biological nervous system, namely neural networks.
- Common deep learning network architectures include deep neural networks (DNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and convolutional neural networks (CNNs).
- AI can be referred to as artificial intelligence based on deep learning in a narrow sense, but is not limited thereto in the present disclosure. That is, AI (or referred to as AI/ML) in the present disclosure can collectively refer to automation technology applied to intelligent machines (e.g., UE, RAN, network nodes, etc.) that can perform tasks like humans.
- intelligent machines e.g., UE, RAN, network nodes, etc.
- AI/ML algorithms can help improve the performance of wireless communication networks by providing better resource utilization, lower energy consumption, higher reliability, and higher robustness in changing environments. As these algorithms become more mature and cost-effective, WLANs can leverage AI/ML for improved network performance and user experience.
- AI/ML models are a general term for mathematical algorithms that replicate reasoning and decision processes to enable automation and understanding.
- AI models can be trained based on, but are not limited to, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning, and their parameters.
- AIML models may require a large amount of information exchange, depending on several factors such as AIML model users (e.g., APs and non-AP STAs), network deployment, device computing power, and the AIML model generation method.
- AIML model users e.g., APs and non-AP STAs
- network deployment e.g., APs and non-AP STAs
- AIML model generation method e.g., AIML models and the data required for AIML model training are exchanged as application data, which may impose a significant burden on the wireless network where such information exchange is performed.
- existing wireless network protocols including those of WLAN MAC and PHY layers, may not be able to support some applications due to strict latency and reliability requirements, and thus the use of AIML models may be required to improve performance.
- AIML-based operations When the devices participating in AIML-based operations are non-AP STAs and/or APs, distribution/use of efficient AIML models may be essential for the success of AIML-based operations as well as the performance and user experience of the IEEE 802.11 WLAN in the scenario.
- AI/ML can be applied to CSI feedback compression, distributed channel access, roaming enhancement, and/or multi-AP coordination procedures.
- a backoff procedure for channel access can be performed on a wireless LAN system.
- a procedure for performing channel access using a backoff count set based on AI/ML will be described in order to perform the channel access procedure more efficiently.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method performed by a STA according to the present disclosure.
- the STA of FIG. 8 may be implemented as a non-AP STA or an AP.
- the STA may receive first information related to whether channel access is permitted from an access point (AP) based on a first backoff count associated with an artificial intelligence (AI) model (S810).
- AP access point
- AI artificial intelligence
- the STA can transmit capability information related to whether it supports the first backoff count to the AP. That is, the STA can transmit capability information indicating whether it can perform channel access through the backoff count using AI/ML to the AP.
- the STA has transmitted capability information indicating that it can perform channel access through the backoff count using AI/ML to the AP.
- the STA may perform channel access based on at least one of the first back-off count or the second back-off count (S820).
- the STA may receive first information from the AP indicating whether to allow channel access based on the first backoff count.
- the first information may be transmitted to the STA via, but is not limited to, a management frame (e.g., a beacon frame).
- the STA may perform a channel access procedure based on the second backoff count (i.e., the backoff count in the basic wireless LAN system illustrated in FIG. 4).
- the STA may obtain information related to the first backoff count (e.g., the size of the first backoff count, information for countdown, etc.) through the AI model, and set/generate/set up the first backoff count based on the obtained information related to the first backoff count.
- information related to the first backoff count e.g., the size of the first backoff count, information for countdown, etc.
- the STA may obtain information related to the first backoff count by inputting at least one of information about the channel on which channel access is to be performed or information about the STA into the AI model. That is, the AI model may be trained to output information related to the first backoff count through at least one of information about the channel on which channel access is to be performed (e.g., channel density, channel state, channel interference, etc.) or information about the STA (e.g., data queue of the STA, signal overhearing information between BSSs or within BSSs, etc.).
- information about the channel on which channel access is to be performed e.g., channel density, channel state, channel interference, etc.
- information about the STA e.g., data queue of the STA, signal overhearing information between BSSs or within BSSs, etc.
- the countdown for channel access of each of the first backoff count and the second backoff count may start simultaneously, but is not limited thereto.
- the second backoff count may be ignored and channel access may be performed by the first backoff count. That is, even if the second backoff count value reaches 0 first, the STA may perform channel access depending on whether the first backoff count value reaches 0.
- the STA can perform channel access according to the second backoff count.
- the second backoff count value is maintained and the STA can perform channel access according to the first backoff count. That is, as the first backoff count value becomes 0, the STA can perform channel access and the second backoff count value can be maintained.
- the second backoff count value is set to a random value and channel access according to the first backoff count can be performed by the STA.
- channel access according to the first backoff count is performed by the STA based on the first backoff count value reaching 0 before the second backoff count, and the first backoff count value can be set to a value output to the AI model.
- the STA may input at least one of information about a channel on which channel access is to be performed or information about the STA into the AI model and set the obtained value as the first backoff count value.
- the STA may obtain the first backoff count value through an AI model different from an AI model trained to output information related to the first backoff count.
- the method described in the example of FIG. 8 can be performed by the first device (100) of FIG. 1. That is, the STA of FIG. 8 can be implemented by the first device (100).
- one or more processors (102) of the first device (100) of FIG. 8 can receive first information related to whether channel access is allowed from the AP through one or more transceivers (106) based on a first backoff count related to an AI model. Based on the first information indicating that channel access is allowed based on the first backoff count, the one or more processors (102) can perform channel access based on at least one of the first backoff count or the second backoff count.
- one or more memories (104) of the first device (100) may store instructions for performing the method described in the example of FIG. 8 or the examples described below when executed by one or more processors (102).
- FIG. 9 is a drawing for explaining an example of a method performed by an AP according to the present disclosure.
- the AP can receive capability information related to the first backoff count associated with the AI model from the STA (S910).
- the AP can determine whether the STA can set/use the first backoff count related to the AI model through the capability information.
- the AP may transmit first information related to whether channel access is permitted to the STA based on the first backoff count associated with the AI model (S920). For example, the AP may determine whether to permit channel access based on the first backoff count associated with the AI model according to channel state information, etc.
- the method described in the example of FIG. 9 can be performed by the second device (200) of FIG. 1. That is, the AP of FIG. 9 can be implemented by the second device (200).
- one or more processors (202) of the second device (200) of FIG. 9 can receive capability information related to a first backoff count associated with an AI model from an STA through one or more transceivers (206).
- the one or more processors (202) can transmit first information related to whether channel access is permitted to the STA through one or more transceivers (206) based on the first backoff count associated with the AI model.
- one or more memories (204) of the second device (200) may store instructions for performing the method described in the example of FIG. 9 or the examples described below when executed by one or more processors (202).
- STA(s) can set an optimized backoff count considering one or more factors via AI/ML. That is, STA can set an optimized backoff count in terms of network throughput, QoS, and delay.
- the one or more factors can include at least one of information about STA(s) currently distributed on the BSS and/or OBSS and/or STA(s) expected to exist, current channel state information, channel state prediction information, information about current traffic situation, and traffic situation forecast information.
- STA(s) having capabilities related to AI/ML can set/have both a basic backoff count (i.e., a backoff count described with reference to FIG. 4) and a backoff count set via AI/ML (hereinafter, AI/ML backoff count).
- a basic backoff count i.e., a backoff count described with reference to FIG. 4
- AI/ML backoff count a backoff count set via AI/ML
- Embodiment 1-1 relates to a method for an STA to perform channel access using a basic backoff count and/or an AI/ML backoff count when an AP allows channel access using AI/ML.
- the AP may not allow channel access using AI/ML at a certain point in time. That is, the AP may transmit a frame indicating that it allows channel access using AI/ML to the STA, and then, after a certain time, transmit a frame indicating that it does not allow channel access using AI/ML to the STA again. Accordingly, even if the AP allows channel access using AI/ML, the STA may perform a channel access operation using both the basic backoff count and the AI/ML backoff count.
- STA can perform channel access only by AI/ML backoff count value, ignoring basic backoff count value. That is, STA can continue to maintain basic backoff count value as 0. At this time, if AP does not allow channel access based on AI/ML, channel access procedure can be performed by STA because basic backoff count value is 0.
- the STA can set the AI/ML backoff count using information output via AI/ML (e.g., channel state information, etc.).
- AI/ML e.g., channel state information, etc.
- the AI/ML backoff count value can be reduced, and when the AI/ML backoff count value reaches 0, the channel access procedure can be performed by the STA.
- the basic backoff count value may be set to a random backoff count value.
- the AI/ML backoff count may be set to a new AI/ML backoff count value by the AI/ML after the channel access.
- Example 2 where the basic backoff count reaches 0 first.
- the channel access procedure can be performed as illustrated in Fig. 4 regardless of the AI/ML backoff count value.
- the basic backoff count value can be set to a random backoff count value, and the AI/ML backoff count value can be maintained as it is.
- the above-described method can be useful from the perspective of the delay/output amount of the STA.
- the channel access procedure can be performed as illustrated in FIG. 4 regardless of the AI/ML backoff count value.
- the basic backoff count value can be set to a random backoff count value, and the AI/ML backoff count value can be set to a new value.
- the new value set as the AI/ML backoff count value can be determined based on the AI/ML.
- the above-described method can be useful from the perspective of the delay/output amount of the STA.
- the basic backoff count value remains as the current value, and the AIML backoff count value can be set to a new value by AIML. If the AP does not allow channel access using AIML at a certain point in time, the basic backoff count can be performed, which can be beneficial from the perspective of the throughput of the corresponding STA.
- the basic backoff count value can be reset to a random value, and the AI/ML backoff count value can also be set to a new value.
- the above-described method may be desirable from a fairness perspective.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a PPDU transmission and reception procedure between a transmitting STA and a receiving STA according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Some of the step(s) shown in FIG. 10 may be omitted depending on the situation and/or setting.
- the transmitting device and the receiving STA may be an AP and/or a non-AP STA.
- the transmitting STA can obtain control information related to the tone plan (or RU/DRU) described above (S105).
- the control information related to the tone plan can include the size and location of the RU, control information related to the RU, information about the frequency band in which the RU is included, information about the STA receiving the RU, etc.
- the transmitting STA may configure/generate a PPDU based on the acquired control information (S110).
- Configuring/generating a PPDU may mean configuring/generating each field of the PPDU. That is, the step of configuring/generating a PPDU may include a step of configuring an EHT-SIG-A/B/C field including control information regarding a tone plan.
- the step of configuring/generating a PPDU may include the step of configuring a field including control information (e.g., N bitmap) indicating the size/position of the RU and/or the step of configuring a field including an identifier (e.g., AID) of an STA receiving the RU.
- control information e.g., N bitmap
- AID an identifier
- the step of configuring/generating a PPDU may include a step of generating an STF/LTF sequence to be transmitted via a specific RU.
- the STF/LTF sequence may be generated based on a preset STF generation sequence/LTF generation sequence.
- the step of constructing/generating a PPDU may include a step of generating a data field (i.e., an MPDU) to be transmitted over a particular RU.
- a data field i.e., an MPDU
- the transmitting STA can transmit the configured/generated PPDU to the receiving STA (S115).
- the transmitting STA can perform at least one of cyclic shift diversity (CSD), spatial mapping, inverse discrete fourier transform (IDFT)/inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) operation, and guard interval (GI) insertion operation.
- CSD cyclic shift diversity
- IDFT inverse discrete fourier transform
- IFFT inverse fast fourier transform
- GI guard interval
- a receiving STA can decode the PPDU and obtain control information related to the tone plan (or RU) (S120).
- the receiving STA can decode the L-SIG and EHT-SIG of the PPDU based on the L-STF/LTF, and obtain information included in the L-SIG and EHT SIG fields.
- Information about various tone-plans (i.e., RUs) of the present disclosure can be included in the EHT-SIG (e.g., EHT-SIG-A/B/C), and the receiving STA can obtain information about the tone-plan (i.e., RU) through the EHT-SIG.
- the receiving STA can decode the remaining part of the PPDU based on the information about the acquired tone-plan (i.e., RU) (S125). For example, the receiving STA can decode the STF/LTF field of the PPDU based on the information about the tone-plan (i.e., RU). In addition, the receiving STA can decode the data field of the PPDU based on the information about the tone-plan (i.e., RU) and obtain the MPDU included in the data field.
- the receiving STA can decode the remaining part of the PPDU based on the information about the acquired tone-plan (i.e., RU) (S125). For example, the receiving STA can decode the STF/LTF field of the PPDU based on the information about the tone-plan (i.e., RU). In addition, the receiving STA can decode the data field of the PPDU based on the information about the tone-plan (i.e., RU) and obtain the MPDU included in
- the receiving STA may perform a processing operation to forward the decoded data to a higher layer (e.g., MAC layer). Additionally, if the generation of a signal is instructed from the higher layer to the PHY layer in response to the data forwarded to the higher layer, the receiving STA may perform a subsequent operation.
- a higher layer e.g., MAC layer
- the scope of the present disclosure includes software or machine-executable instructions (e.g., an operating system, an application, firmware, a program, etc.) that cause operations according to the various embodiments to be executed on a device or a computer, and a non-transitory computer-readable medium having such software or instructions stored thereon and executable on the device or computer.
- Instructions that can be used to program a processing system to perform the features described in the present disclosure can be stored on/in a storage medium or a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product including such a storage medium can be used to implement the features described in the present disclosure.
- the storage medium can include, but is not limited to, high-speed random access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random access solid state memory devices, and can include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storage devices.
- the memory optionally includes one or more storage devices remotely located from the processor(s).
- the memory or alternatively the non-volatile memory device(s) within the memory comprises a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.
- the features described in this disclosure may be incorporated into software and/or firmware stored on any one of the machine-readable media to control the hardware of the processing system and to allow the processing system to interact with other mechanisms that utilize results according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
- Such software or firmware may include, but is not limited to, application code, device drivers, operating systems, and execution environments/containers.
- the method proposed in this disclosure has been described with a focus on examples applied to IEEE 802.11-based systems, but can be applied to various wireless LANs or wireless communication systems in addition to IEEE 802.11-based systems.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (14)
- 무선 로컬 영역 네트워크(WLAN) 시스템에서의 스테이션(STA)에 의해서 수행되는 방법에 있어서, 상기 방법은:인공지능(artificial intelligence, AI) 모델과 관련된 제1 백오프 카운트에 기초하여 채널 액세스가 허용될지 여부와 관련된 제1 정보를 액세스 포인트(AP)로부터 수신하는 단계; 및상기 제1 정보가 상기 제1 백오프(back-off) 카운트에 기초하여 채널 액세스를 허용함을 나타냄에 기반하여, 상기 제1 백오프 카운트 또는 제2 백오프 카운트 중의 적어도 하나에 기초하여 채널 액세스를 수행하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 제2 백오프 카운트 값이 상기 제1 백오프 카운트보다 먼저 0에 도달함에 기반하여, 상기 제2 백오프 카운트는 무시되고 상기 채널 액세스는 상기 제1 백오프 카운트에 의해 수행되는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 채널 액세스를 수행할 채널에 대한 정보 또는 상기 STA에 대한 정보 중의 적어도 하나가 상기 AI 모델에 입력되어 상기 제1 백오프 카운트와 관련된 정보가 출력되는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 백오프 카운트 및 상기 제2 백오프 카운트 각각의 채널 액세스를 위한 카운트 다운은 동시에 시작되는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 백오프 카운트의 카운트 다운이 진행되는 동안 상기 제1 백오프 카운트에 기초하여 채널 액세스를 허용하지 않음을 나타내는 정보가 상기 AP로부터 수신됨에 기반하여, 상기 제2 백오프 카운트에 따른 상기 채널 액세스가 상기 STA에 의해 수행되는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 백오프 카운트 값이 상기 제2 백오프 카운트보다 먼저 0에 도달함에 기반하여, 상기 제2 백오프 카운트 값은 유지되고 상기 제1 백오프 카운트에 따른 상기 채널 액세스가 상기 STA에 의해 수행되는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 백오프 카운트 값이 상기 제2 백오프 카운트보다 먼저 0에 도달함에 기반하여, 상기 제2 백오프 카운트 값은 랜덤 값으로 설정되고 상기 제1 백오프 카운트에 따른 상기 채널 액세스가 상기 STA에 의해 수행되는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 백오프 카운트 값이 상기 제2 백오프 카운트보다 먼저 0에 도달함에 기반하여, 상기 제1 백오프 카운트에 따른 상기 채널 액세스가 상기 STA에 의해 수행되고, 상기 제1 백오프 카운트 값은 상기 AI 모델에 출력된 값으로 설정되는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 정보는, 비콘 프레임을 통해 상기 STA로부터 상기 AP로 전송되는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 백오프 카운트를 지원하는지 여부와 관련된 캐퍼빌리티 정보가 상기 STA로부터 상기 AP로 전송되는, 방법.
- 무선 로컬 영역 네트워크(WLAN) 시스템에서의 스테이션(STA) 장치에 있어서, 상기 장치는:하나 이상의 송수신기; 및상기 하나 이상의 송수신기와 연결된 하나 이상의 프로세서를 포함하고,상기 하나 이상의 프로세서는:트리거 기반(trigger based, TB) 물리 계층 프로토콜 데이터 유닛(physical layer protocol data unit, PPDU) 전송과 관련된 제1 정보 및 상기 제1 정보와 상이한 제2 정보에 기초한 상기 TB PPDU 전송이 허용되는지 여부와 관련된 제3 정보를 포함하는 트리거 프레임을 액세스 포인트(AP)로부터 상기 하나 이상의 송수신기를 통해 수신하고; 및상기 제3 정보가 상기 제2 정보에 기초한 상기 TB PPDU 전송이 허용됨을 나타냄에 기반하여, 상기 제1 정보 및 상기 제2 정보에 기초하여 상기 TB PPDU 전송을 수행하도록 설정되고,상기 제2 정보는, 상기 제1 정보 또는 채널 상태 정보 중의 적어도 하나에 기초하여 결정되는, 장치.
- 무선 로컬 영역 네트워크(WLAN) 시스템에서 액세스 포인트(AP)에 의해서 수행되는 방법에 있어서, 상기 방법은:인공지능(artificial intelligence, AI) 모델과 관련된 제1 백오프 카운트와 관련된 캐퍼빌리티 정보를 스테이션(STA)로부터 수신하는 단계; 및상기 AI 모델과 관련된 제1 백오프 카운트에 기초하여 채널 액세스가 허용될지 여부와 관련된 제1 정보를 상기 STA으로 전송하는 단계를 포함하고,상기 제2 백오프 카운트 값이 상기 제1 백오프 카운트보다 먼저 0에 도달함에 기반하여, 상기 제2 백오프 카운트는 무시되고 상기 채널 액세스는 상기 제1 백오프 카운트에 의해 수행되는, 방법.
- 무선 로컬 영역 네트워크(WLAN) 시스템에서의 액세스 포인트(AP) 장치에 있어서, 상기 장치는:하나 이상의 송수신기; 및상기 하나 이상의 송수신기와 연결된 하나 이상의 프로세서를 포함하고,상기 하나 이상의 프로세서는:인공지능(artificial intelligence, AI) 모델과 관련된 제1 백오프 카운트와 관련된 캐퍼빌리티 정보를 스테이션(STA)로부터 상기 하나 이상의 송수신기를 통해 수신하고; 및상기 AI 모델과 관련된 제1 백오프 카운트에 기초하여 채널 액세스가 허용될지 여부와 관련된 제1 정보를 상기 STA으로 상기 하나 이상의 송수신기를 통해 전송하도록 설정되고,상기 제2 백오프 카운트 값이 상기 제1 백오프 카운트보다 먼저 0에 도달함에 기반하여, 상기 제2 백오프 카운트는 무시되고 상기 채널 액세스는 상기 제1 백오프 카운트에 의해 수행되는, 장치.
- 무선 로컬 영역 네트워크(WLAN) 시스템에서 스테이션(STA)을 제어하도록 설정되는 프로세싱 장치에 있어서, 상기 프로세싱 장치는:하나 이상의 프로세서; 및상기 하나 이상의 프로세서에 동작 가능하게 연결되고, 상기 하나 이상의 프로세서에 의해 실행됨에 기반하여, 제1항 내지 제9항 중의 어느 한 항에 따른 방법을 수행하는 명령들을 저장하는 하나 이상의 컴퓨터 메모리를 포함하는, 프로세싱 장치.
- 하나 이상의 명령을 저장하는 하나 이상의 비-일시적(non-transitory) 컴퓨터 판독가능 매체로서,상기 하나 이상의 명령은 하나 이상의 프로세서에 의해서 실행되어, 무선랜 시스템에서 장치가 제1항 내지 제9항 중의 어느 한 항에 따른 방법을 수행하도록 제어하는, 컴퓨터 판독가능 매체.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP24832267.9A EP4738973A1 (en) | 2023-06-28 | 2024-05-24 | Method and apparatus for performing channel access procedure in wireless lan system |
| KR1020257042970A KR20260025321A (ko) | 2023-06-28 | 2024-05-24 | 무선랜 시스템에서 채널 액세스 절차를 수행하는 방법 및 장치 |
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| KR10-2023-0083673 | 2023-06-28 | ||
| KR20230083673 | 2023-06-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2025005484A1 true WO2025005484A1 (ko) | 2025-01-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| PCT/KR2024/007056 Ceased WO2025005484A1 (ko) | 2023-06-28 | 2024-05-24 | 무선랜 시스템에서 채널 액세스 절차를 수행하는 방법 및 장치 |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4738973A1 (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR20260025321A (ko) |
| WO (1) | WO2025005484A1 (ko) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114097291A (zh) * | 2019-07-10 | 2022-02-25 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 用于高优先级/低延迟服务的多链路无线通信网络 |
| US20230156797A1 (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2023-05-18 | Samsung Electronics Co, Ltd. | Device and method for wireless communication using multiple links |
| US20230164842A1 (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2023-05-25 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Multi-link channel access |
-
2024
- 2024-05-24 EP EP24832267.9A patent/EP4738973A1/en active Pending
- 2024-05-24 KR KR1020257042970A patent/KR20260025321A/ko active Pending
- 2024-05-24 WO PCT/KR2024/007056 patent/WO2025005484A1/ko not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114097291A (zh) * | 2019-07-10 | 2022-02-25 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 用于高优先级/低延迟服务的多链路无线通信网络 |
| US20230164842A1 (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2023-05-25 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Multi-link channel access |
| US20230156797A1 (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2023-05-18 | Samsung Electronics Co, Ltd. | Device and method for wireless communication using multiple links |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| YAN CHENG, HUAWEI, HISILICON: "Remaining issues of channel access mechanism for 60 GHz unlicensed operation", 3GPP DRAFT; R1-2301705; TYPE DISCUSSION; NR_EXT_TO_71GHZ-CORE, 3RD GENERATION PARTNERSHIP PROJECT (3GPP), MOBILE COMPETENCE CENTRE ; 650, ROUTE DES LUCIOLES ; F-06921 SOPHIA-ANTIPOLIS CEDEX ; FRANCE, vol. RAN WG1, no. Athens, GR; 20230227 - 20230303, 17 February 2023 (2023-02-17), Mobile Competence Centre ; 650, route des Lucioles ; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex ; France, XP052248835 * |
| ZIYANG GUO (HUAWEI): "Proposed IEEE 802.11 AIML TIG Technical Report Text for the Distributed Channel Access Use Case", IEEE DRAFT; 11-22-2119-06-AIML-PROPOSED-IEEE-802-11-AIML-TIG-TECHNICAL-REPORT-TEXT-FOR-THE-DISTRIBUTED-CHANNEL-ACCESS-USE-CASE, IEEE-SA MENTOR, PISCATAWAY, NJ USA, vol. 802.11 AIML, no. 6, 19 January 2023 (2023-01-19), Piscataway, NJ USA, pages 1 - 4, XP068201058 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20260025321A (ko) | 2026-02-24 |
| EP4738973A1 (en) | 2026-05-06 |
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