WO2024257314A1 - 端末、無線通信方法及び基地局 - Google Patents
端末、無線通信方法及び基地局 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024257314A1 WO2024257314A1 PCT/JP2023/022305 JP2023022305W WO2024257314A1 WO 2024257314 A1 WO2024257314 A1 WO 2024257314A1 JP 2023022305 W JP2023022305 W JP 2023022305W WO 2024257314 A1 WO2024257314 A1 WO 2024257314A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
- H04W74/006—Transmission of channel access control information in the downlink, i.e. towards the terminal
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to terminals, wireless communication methods, and base stations in next-generation mobile communication systems.
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
- Non-Patent Document 1 LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) was specified for the purpose of achieving higher capacity and greater sophistication over LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).
- LTE 5th generation mobile communication system
- 5G+ 5th generation mobile communication system
- 6G 6th generation mobile communication system
- NR New Radio
- LTM L1L2-triggered mobility
- UE User Equipment
- PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
- This disclosure has been made in consideration of these points, and one of its objectives is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that can appropriately perform PRACH transmission to each candidate cell.
- a terminal is characterized in that it has a receiving unit that receives a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) order including information regarding Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmission to a plurality of candidate cells, and a control unit that controls the transmission of the PRACH to each of the plurality of candidate cells.
- PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
- PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
- PRACH transmission to each candidate cell can be appropriately performed.
- FIG. 1A is a diagram showing an example of UE movement in Rel. 17.
- Figure 1B is a diagram showing an example of UE movement in Rel. 18.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an LTM procedure.
- 3 is a diagram showing an example of a comparison between L3 handover and LTM of Rel.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of association between a serving cell and a candidate cell.
- 5A and 5B are diagrams showing a second and a third example of the candidate cell configuration option 2.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a serving cell switch example 1.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a serving cell switch example 2.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a serving cell switch example 3.
- Figure 9 shows the timeline of L1L2-triggered mobility (LTM).
- FIG. 10 illustrates a PDCCH ordered RACH with random access response (RAR) monitoring for a serving cell.
- FIG. 11 illustrates a PDCCH ordered RACH without random access response (RAR) monitoring for a candidate cell.
- FIG. 12 illustrates an example of UE-based TA measurements.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of PRACH transmission to each candidate cell.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a PDCCH order in the present disclosure.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to
- TCI transmission configuration indication state
- the TCI state may represent that which applies to the downlink signal/channel.
- the equivalent of the TCI state which applies to the uplink signal/channel may be expressed as a spatial relation.
- TCI state is information about the Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) of signals/channels and may also be called spatial reception parameters, spatial relation information, etc. TCI state may be set in the UE on a per channel or per signal basis.
- QCL Quasi-Co-Location
- QCL is an index that indicates the statistical properties of a signal/channel. For example, if a signal/channel has a QCL relationship with another signal/channel, it may mean that it can be assumed that at least one of the Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, and spatial parameters (e.g., spatial Rx parameters) is identical between these different signals/channels (i.e., it is QCL with respect to at least one of these).
- spatial parameters e.g., spatial Rx parameters
- the spatial reception parameters may correspond to a reception beam (e.g., a reception analog beam) of the UE, and the beam may be identified based on a spatial QCL.
- the QCL (or at least one element of the QCL) in this disclosure may be interpreted as sQCL (spatial QCL).
- QCL types QCL types
- QCL types A to D QCL types A to D
- the parameters (which may be called QCL parameters) are as follows: QCL Type A (QCL-A): Doppler shift, Doppler spread, mean delay and delay spread, QCL type B (QCL-B): Doppler shift and Doppler spread, QCL type C (QCL-C): Doppler shift and mean delay; QCL Type D (QCL-D): Spatial reception parameters.
- QCL Type A QCL-A
- QCL-B Doppler shift and Doppler spread
- QCL type C QCL type C
- QCL Type D QCL Type D
- the UE's assumption that a Control Resource Set (CORESET), channel or reference signal is in a particular QCL (e.g., QCL type D) relationship with another CORESET, channel or reference signal may be referred to as a QCL assumption.
- CORESET Control Resource Set
- QCL QCL type D
- the UE may determine at least one of a transmit beam (Tx beam) and a receive beam (Rx beam) for a signal/channel based on the TCI condition or QCL assumption of the signal/channel.
- Tx beam transmit beam
- Rx beam receive beam
- the TCI state may be, for example, information regarding the QCL between the target channel (in other words, the Reference Signal (RS) for that channel) and another signal (e.g., another RS).
- the TCI state may be set (indicated) by higher layer signaling, physical layer signaling, or a combination of these.
- target channel/RS target channel/reference signal
- reference RS reference signal
- the channel for which the TCI state or spatial relationship is set (specified) may be, for example, at least one of the following: a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), and an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)).
- PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel
- PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
- PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel
- PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel
- the RS that has a QCL relationship with the channel may be, for example, at least one of a synchronization signal block (SSB), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), a tracking CSI-RS (also called a tracking reference signal (TRS)), a QCL detection reference signal (also called a QRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc.
- SSB synchronization signal block
- CSI-RS channel state information reference signal
- SRS sounding reference signal
- TRS tracking reference signal
- QRS QCL detection reference signal
- DMRS demodulation reference signal
- An SSB is a signal block that includes at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS), and a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH).
- PSS Primary Synchronization Signal
- SSS Secondary Synchronization Signal
- PBCH Physical Broadcast Channel
- An SSB may also be referred to as an SS/PBCH block.
- An RS of QCL type X in a TCI state may refer to an RS that has a QCL type X relationship with a certain channel/signal (DMRS), and this RS may be called a QCL source of QCL type X in that TCI state.
- DMRS channel/signal
- the serving cell may be read as a TRP in the serving cell.
- Layer 1/layer 2 (L1/L2) and DCI/Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC CE) may be read as each other.
- MAC CE DCI/Medium Access Control Control Element
- a PCI different from the physical cell identity (PCI) of the current serving cell may be simply described as a "different PCI".
- a non-serving cell, a cell having a different PCI, and an additional cell may be read as each other.
- Scenario 1 corresponds to, for example, multi-TRP inter-cell mobility, but it may also be a scenario that does not correspond to multi-TRP inter-cell mobility.
- the UE receives from the serving cell the configuration necessary to use radio resources for data transmission and reception, including an SSB configuration for beam measurement of a TRP corresponding to a PCI different from that of the serving cell, and resources of the different PCI.
- the UE performs beam measurements of TRPs corresponding to different PCIs and reports the beam measurement results to the serving cell.
- the Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) states associated with the TRPs corresponding to different PCIs are activated by L1/L2 signaling from the serving cell.
- the UE transmits and receives using UE-dedicated channels on TRPs corresponding to different PCIs.
- the UE must always cover the serving cell, including in the case of multi-TRP.
- the UE must use common channels (Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), Paging Channel (PCH)) from the serving cell, as in the conventional system.
- BCCH Broadcast Control Channel
- PCH Paging Channel
- scenario 1 when the UE transmits and receives signals to and from an additional cell/TRP (a TRP corresponding to the PCI of the additional cell), the serving cell (the serving cell assumption in the UE) is not changed.
- the UE is configured with higher layer parameters related to the PCI of the non-serving cell from the serving cell. Scenario 1 may be applied, for example, in Rel. 17.
- Figure 1A shows an example of UE movement in Rel. 17. Assume that the UE moves from a cell (serving cell) with PCI #1 to a cell (additional cell) with PCI #3 (which overlaps with the serving cell). In this case, Rel. 17 does not support switching of the serving cell via L1/L2.
- An additional cell is a cell that has an additional PCI that is different from the PCI of the serving cell.
- the UE can receive/transmit UE-specific channels from the additional cell.
- the UE needs to be within the coverage of the serving cell to receive UE common channels (e.g., system information/paging/short messages). If the UE moves out of the coverage of the serving cell, a cell switch is required, such as by handover (also called L3 mobility).
- ⁇ Scenario 2> L1/L2 inter-cell mobility is applied.
- the serving cell can be changed using a function such as beam control without RRC reconfiguration.
- a function such as beam control without RRC reconfiguration.
- transmission and reception with an additional cell is possible without handover. Since handover requires RRC reconnection and creates a period when data communication is not possible, by applying L1/L2 inter-cell mobility that does not require handover, data communication can be continued even when the serving cell is changed.
- Scenario 2 may be applied in, for example, Rel. 18. In scenario 2, for example, the following procedure is performed.
- the UE receives SSB configuration of a cell (additional cell) with a different PCI from the serving cell for beam measurement/serving cell change.
- the UE performs beam measurements of cells using different PCIs and reports the measurement results to the serving cell.
- the UE may receive a configuration of a cell having a different PCI (serving cell configuration) by higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC). That is, a pre-configuration regarding a serving cell change may be performed. This configuration may be performed together with the configuration in (1) or separately.
- the TCI states of cells with different PCIs may be activated by L1/L2 signaling according to the change of serving cell. The activation of the TCI state and the change of serving cell may be performed separately.
- the UE changes the serving cell (assumed serving cell) and starts receiving/transmitting using a pre-configured UE-specific channel and TCI state.
- scenario 2 the serving cell (the assumed serving cell in the UE) is updated by L1/L2 signaling.
- Scenario 2 may be applied in Rel. 18.
- Figure 1B shows an example of UE movement in Rel. 18.
- the serving cell is switched by L1/L2 (e.g., DCI/MAC CE).
- the UE can receive/transmit UE-dedicated/common channels to/from the new serving cell (or target serving cell).
- the UE may move out of the coverage of the current serving cell (e.g., Current serving cell).
- Fig. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an LTM procedure. Note that L1/L2 inter-cell mobility and L1L2-triggered mobility (LTM) may be read as interchangeable. Note that the procedure in Fig. 2 corresponds to the above-mentioned scenario 2. Each procedure in Fig. 2 will be described in detail below.
- the UE After RRC connection, the UE sends a Measurement Report message to the base station (gNB).
- the gNB decides to use LTM based on the Measurement Report and starts preparing the candidate cell.
- the gNB sends an RRCReconfiguration message to the UE including LTM candidate cell configuration for one or more candidate cells.
- the UE stores the received LTM candidate cell configuration and sends an RRCReconfigurationComplete message to the gNB.
- the UE Before receiving the cell switch command, the UE performs DL/UL synchronization with the candidate cell and acquires the timing advance (TA).
- TA timing advance
- the UE performs L1 measurements on the configured candidate cell and transmits a measurement report of the lower layer (physical layer, L1) to the gNB. Note that the UE may transmit the measurement report to the gNB before UL synchronization with the candidate cell.
- L1 physical layer
- the gNB decides to perform a cell switch to the target cell and sends a MAC CE to the UE to trigger the cell switch, including the candidate configuration index of the target cell. This causes the UE's cell configuration to switch to the target cell's configuration.
- the UE executes a random access procedure toward the target cell.
- the UE may also execute the random access procedure in response to a RACH procedure request from the gNB.
- the UE notifies the gNB that the cell switch to the target cell has been successfully completed.
- the UE may perform steps 4 to 8 multiple times for the next LTM cell switch based on the LTM candidate cell configuration received in step 2.
- the UE can reduce the time without data transmission (interruption time) in Rel. 18 L1/L2 inter-cell mobility (e.g., above scenario 2).
- the time without data transmission can be reduced compared to the method of handover based on L3 measurement results (L3 handover).
- Figure 3 shows an example of a comparison between L3 handover and LTM in Rel. 18.
- the UE first performs L3 measurements and decides to perform a handover based on the measurement results. Then, the UE and the current serving cell perform RRC reconfiguration. The UE then performs DL synchronization and UL synchronization with the target serving cell. The UE performs L1 measurements/reports for the target serving cell, and after receiving a beam instruction, transmits the first UL data to the target serving cell. In this case, the UE does not transmit UL data during the period from the handover decision to the first UL data transmission (interruption time).
- the UE performs L3 measurements. Then, the UE, current serving cell, and target serving cell perform RRC reconfiguration. Then, the UE performs DL synchronization with the target serving cell. Then, the UE performs L1 measurements/reports to the current serving cell and target serving cell, and performs UL synchronization. Then, the current serving cell sends a cell switch command (including beam instruction) by L1/L2 (DCI/MAC CE) to the UE. Then, the UE transmits the first UL data to the target serving cell. In this case, the period from receiving the cell switch command to transmitting the first UL data is the interruption time of UL transmission, but the interruption time is shorter than in the case of L3 handover.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the association between a serving cell and a candidate cell.
- SpCell#0, SCell#1, or SCell#2 is assumed to be a serving cell.
- SpCell means a special cell (including a primary cell (PCell) and a primary secondary cell (PSCell)).
- SCell means a secondary cell.
- SpCell#0 is associated with candidate cell#0-1, candidate cell#0-2, and candidate cell#0-3.
- SCell#1 is associated with candidate cell#1-1.
- SCell#2 is associated with candidate cell#2-1, 2-2. In this way, one or more candidate cells (candidate serving cells) may be associated with a serving cell.
- the following options 1 and 2 can be considered for setting candidate cells (candidate cells).
- the information in the serving cell configuration may include information about multiple candidate cells, in which case the multiple candidate cells need to share the same PDCCH/PDSCH/UL etc. configurations as the serving cell.
- mimoParam-r17 is added under the serving cell configuration (ServingCellConfig), and PCI setting information is added.
- mimoParam-r17 may include additionalPCI-ToAddModList-r17, which is an information list of additional SSBs with PCIs different from the PCI of the serving cell.
- additionalPCI-ToAddModList-r17 is an information list of additional SSBs with PCIs different from the PCI of the serving cell.
- the same settings as the serving cell may be applied to candidate cells (additional cells, cells with additionalPCI), with the exception of some information.
- Multiple candidate cells may be associated with each serving cell by reusing the carrier aggregation (CA) configuration framework, with a complete configuration (e.g., ServingCellConfig) corresponding to each cell. That is, the candidate cells may not share configuration information with the serving cell and may have a separate configuration. The UE is provided with the complete configuration of each candidate cell, so that it can communicate properly with the candidate cells.
- CA carrier aggregation
- an SpCell can be configured for each cell group and multiple SCells can be added.
- a serving cell can be configured for each cell group for L1/L2 inter-cell mobility, and multiple candidate cells can be configured.
- the candidate cells can be activated/deactivated by the MAC CE.
- the candidate cells can be activated/deactivated by activating/deactivating the TCI information corresponding to the candidate cells by the MAC CE. This method is considered to be beneficial for reducing the complexity of UE operations.
- FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a first example of option 2 for candidate cell configuration.
- a common candidate cell pool for cell switching in the MCG/SCG is applied to the candidate cells.
- the candidate cells are treated as one pool (group) regardless of the frequency band.
- Figure 5B is a diagram showing a second example of option 2 for candidate cell configuration.
- multiple cell groups are configured, and cell group switching is possible by L1/L2 signaling.
- Candidate cells are configured for each cell group, and the configuration for each group includes the indices of the corresponding SpCell and SCell.
- Implicit or explicit signaling for serving cell change indication is described.
- a particular Control Resource Set (e.g., at least one of CORESET#0, CORESET of CH5 Type0-CSS, CORESET of CH6/CH7/CH8 CSS) is indicated (activated) by a MAC CE together with one or more TCI states associated with a cell of a PCI different from that of the serving cell (when, for a particular CORESET, one or more TCI states associated with a cell of a PCI different from that of the serving cell are indicated/activated by a MAC CE), the UE may determine to change the serving cell to another cell (cell x, a cell with a different PCI). That is, this activation may implicitly indicate changing the serving cell to another cell.
- CORESET Control Resource Set
- the UE may update beams of other CORESET IDs, other CORESETs using CH6/CH7/CH8, or other CORESETs using CSS to the same TCI state as the activated TCI state.
- the UE may determine to change the serving cell to another cell (cell x), i.e., the association may implicitly indicate the change of the serving cell to another cell.
- the NW base station
- the MAC CE activates the TCI state of a PDSCH associated with a cell with a different PCI, it must also include the TCI state related to another cell (e.g., the current serving cell or a cell with a second different PCI).
- the UE may determine to change the serving cell to another cell (cell x), i.e., the association may implicitly indicate the serving cell change to another cell.
- Option 2-1 An example of a serving cell change instruction will be described below. Note that activation/deactivation of a non-serving cell, change of a serving cell, and transmission/reception with another cell (non-serving cell) having a physical cell ID different from the physical cell ID of the serving cell may be interpreted as being interchangeable.
- the UE may receive a new MAC CE including at least one of the fields (information) indicating the following (1) to (3) corresponding to the non-serving cell, which is used for activating/deactivating the non-serving cell.
- the UE may decide to change the serving cell to another cell (non-serving cell).
- the UE may also control transmission and reception of DL signals/UL signals with the non-serving cell based on the information.
- the non-serving cell may be one or multiple. In the example shown below, a MAC CE including multiple fields indicating multiple non-serving cell indexes is applied.
- Non-serving cell ID used for activation The non-serving cell ID may be replaced with any information corresponding to a non-serving cell (capable of identifying a non-serving cell).
- any of (3-1) to (3-5) may be applied.
- (3-1) PCI PCI used directly). For example, 10 bits are used.
- CSI resource configuration ID (CSI-ResourceConfigId) (when CSI-ResourceConfigId corresponds to one or more non-serving cells).
- CSI-ResourceConfigId (when CSI-ResourceConfigId corresponds to one or more non-serving cells).
- 3-5 A bitmap indicating the activation/deactivation of each non-serving cell.
- the size (number of bits) of the bitmap may be the same as the number of non-serving cells configured on this CC. For example, when activating the second non-serving cell among three non-serving cells, "010" is set.
- At least one of the pieces of information included in the MAC CE may be included in the DCI. Or, at least one of the serving cells activated by the MAC CE may be indicated by the DCI.
- the MAC CE/DCI may include a field indicating the TCI status/SSB/CSI-RS from a cell with a different PCI so that the UE can recognize the DL beam to be monitored on the target cell (the serving cell after the change).
- the UE may create and transmit a beam report (CSI report) using the TCI status/SSB/CSI-RS.
- the UE may receive a MAC CE in which a new 1-bit field "C" is added to the existing MAC CE.
- the field indicates whether to change the serving cell.
- the UE may receive the MAC CE and determine whether to change the serving cell to another cell based on the field.
- a field indicating the serving cell index/PCI/other ID (such as the new ID in Option 2-1 described above) and a field indicating the TCI state/SSB/CSI-RS of the target cell (the serving cell after the change) may be included in the MAC CE.
- the UE can appropriately change the serving cell.
- [Serving Cell Switch Example 1] 6 is a diagram showing a serving cell switch example 1.
- the serving cell SpCell#0 of the MCG/SCG when the serving cell is instructed to be changed to the candidate cell #0-2 by L1/L2 signaling, the candidate cell #0-2 becomes the new serving cell SpCell#0.
- the serving cell SCell#2 of the MCG/SCG when the serving cell is instructed to be changed to the candidate cell #2-1 by L1/L2 signaling, the candidate cell #2-1 becomes the new serving cell SCell#2.
- the RRC/MAC CE may configure a global candidate cell ID (cell #3,...,8) for each cell group, band, FR, and UE.
- the UE may be instructed to switch the serving cell by the global candidate cell ID.
- Figure 7 shows a serving cell switch example 2. Similar to Figure 5A, a pool of multiple candidate cells can be configured, and the serving cell can be switched to any (activated) candidate cell in the pool by L1/L2 signaling.
- the configured candidate cell can be either an SpCell or an SCell based on L1/L2 signaling.
- the UE may receive an instruction to change the serving cell (from cell #2-1 to candidate cell #4) via MAC CE/DCI.
- the indicated candidate cell #4 then becomes the SpCell of the new cell group (MCG/SCG).
- the RRC/MAC CE may configure a cell group, and the UE may perform a serving cell switch based on the cell group switch.
- Figure 8 shows serving cell switch example 3.
- the UE receives an instruction to change the cell group having the serving cell (change to candidate cell group #1) via MAC CE/DCI.
- the cells included in the indicated candidate cell group #1 become the new serving cells (SpCell, SCell).
- candidate cells #0, #1, and #2 included in the indicated candidate cell group #1 become new SpCell #0, SCell #1, and SCell #2.
- the serving cell group is switched.
- Timeline of L1L2-triggered mobility (LTM)) 9 is a diagram showing a timeline of L1L2-triggered mobility (LTM). LTM and L1/L2 inter-cell mobility may be read as interchangeable.
- the UE receives candidate cell configurations from the NW during UE reconfiguration.
- the UE reconfiguration includes T RRC , T proccesing1/T proccesing2 .
- T RRC e.g., up to 10 ms
- T proccesing1/T proccesing2 e.g., up to 20 ms for same FR and up to 40 ms for different FR
- This may include L2/3 reconfiguration, RF retuning, baseband retuning, security update if necessary, etc.
- T search (e.g. 0 ms if cell is known, max 60 ms if cell is unknown) is the time required to search for the target cell.
- T ⁇ is the time for fine tracking and acquisition of all timing information.
- T margin (e.g. max 2 ms) is the time for post processing of SSB and CSI-RS.
- the L1 measurement includes T meas (SMTC period (eg, 20 ms)), which is the measured delay from the appearance of the target to the cell switch command.
- T meas SMTC period (eg, 20 ms)
- T IU (e.g. 15 ms) is the time of uncertainty interruption in acquiring the first available PRACH occasion in the new cell.
- T RAR (e.g. 4 ms) is the time of RAR delay.
- T cmd (e.g. max 5 ms) is the processing time of L1/L2 commands (HARQ and paging).
- T first-data after T cmd is the time when the UE makes the first DL reception/UL transmission on the indicated beam of the target cell after the RAR.
- the distance between the UE and each TRP may be different.
- the multiple TRPs may be included in the same cell (e.g., a serving cell).
- one TRP among the multiple TRPs may correspond to a serving cell and the other TRPs may correspond to a non-serving cell. In this case, it is also assumed that the distance between each TRP and the UE may be different.
- the transmission timing of UL (Uplink) channels and/or UL signals (UL channels/signals) is adjusted by the Timing Advance (TA).
- TA Timing Advance
- the reception timing of UL channels/signals from different user terminals is adjusted by the radio base station (TRP: Transmission and Reception Point, also known as gNB: gNodeB, etc.).
- the UE may control the timing of UL transmission by applying a timing advance (multiple timing advances) for each pre-configured timing advance group (TAG: Timing Advance Group).
- TAG Timing Advance Group
- Timing Advance Groups classified by transmission timing are supported.
- the UE may control the UL transmission timing for each TAG, assuming that the same TA offset (or TA value) is applied to each TAG.
- the TA offset may be set independently for each TAG.
- the UE can independently adjust the transmission timing of cells belonging to each TAG, allowing the radio base station to align the reception timing of uplink signals from the UE even when multiple cells are used.
- TAGs may be configured by higher layer parameters.
- the same timing advance value may be applied to serving cells (e.g., serving cells for which UL is configured) belonging to the same TAG.
- a timing advance group including the SpCell of a MAC entity may be called a Primary Timing Advance Group (PTAG), and other TAGs may be called Secondary Timing Advance Groups (STAGs).
- PTAG Primary Timing Advance Group
- STAGs Secondary Timing Advance Groups
- UL transmission will be controlled based on timing advance for a serving cell (or a TRP of a serving cell) and a non-serving cell/additional cell (or a TRP of a non-serving cell/additional cell).
- TAGs or TAG-IDs
- different TAGs will be set for one or more TRPs (e.g., multiple TRPs having different PCIs) corresponding to a certain cell (or CC).
- TRPs corresponding to a certain cell will share a common TAG.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a PDCCH ordered RACH using RAR monitoring.
- a source cell and a source cell group may be interchangeable.
- a candidate cell and a candidate cell group may be interchangeable.
- the source cell may transmit information regarding the configuration of the candidate cell (e.g., candidate cell configuration information) to the UE.
- the source cell may also transmit a PDCCH order (e.g., DCI format 1_0) used to trigger the PRACH to the UE.
- the PDCCH order (or DCI) may indicate the candidate cell (e.g., one candidate cell)/random access occasion (RO) that is the target of the PRACH trigger/transmission.
- the UE transmits the PRACH in the RACH procedure to the candidate cell based on the PDCCH order to acquire the timing advance group (TAG)/timing advance (TA).
- TAG timing advance group
- TA timing advance
- the source cell then transmits a response signal (RAR) to the PRACH to the UE.
- the RAR may include information about the TA (e.g., TA indication).
- the RAR e.g., PDSCH including the RAR/PDCCH that schedules the PDSCH
- the RAR may be monitored in a specific search space (e.g., common search space (CSS)) of a specific cell (e.g., SpCell) among the current serving cells (only within a Distributed Unit (DU)).
- TA adjustment e.g., TA maintenance
- TA maintenance is performed in the source cell.
- the source cell may then send a cell switch command to the UE.
- TA information may be moved/notified from the source cell to the target cell.
- the UE may control UL transmission based on the acquired TA. For example, after the initial cell switch, the UE may perform the first UL transmission using the initial TA if UL synchronization of all candidate cells has not been completed.
- Figure 11 is a diagram showing an example of a PDCCH ordered RACH (PDCCH ordered RACH) without RAR monitoring. Only the differences between Figure 11 and Figure 10 will be explained.
- the PDCCH order used to trigger the PRACH may indicate one or more candidate cells (e.g., multiple candidate cells)/random access occasions to be the target of the PRACH trigger/transmission.
- the UE may transmit a PRACH in the RACH procedure to the candidate cells based on the PDCCH order to acquire multiple TAGs/TAs.
- the source cell does not transmit a PRACH response signal (e.g., RAR).
- the source cell may indicate information regarding the TA (e.g., TA indication) to the UE using a cell switch command.
- a RACH without RAR and a RACH without RAR monitoring may be interpreted as interchangeable.
- a RACH may be interpreted as a PRACH transmission triggered by a PDCCH order.
- a RACH procedure/PRACH transmission without RAR monitoring may be interpreted as a RACH procedure/PRACH transmission in which RAR monitoring is not required, or a RACH procedure/PRACH transmission in which RAR monitoring is not required.
- FIG. 12 shows an example of UE-based TA measurement.
- the source cell may send information about the configuration of the candidate cell (e.g., candidate cell configuration information) to the UE. Then, the UE decides which candidate cell to configure for TA measurement. Then, the UE receives signaling (e.g., MAC CE/DCI) that triggers/enables the UE-based TA measurement.
- the UE receives DL signals from the source cell and the candidate cell at different timings.
- the UE performs TA calculation/measurement.
- the UE may calculate/measure DL differential timing between the reference cell (e.g., source cell) and the candidate cell.
- the UE may perform TA calculation/measurement autonomously after RRC is configured or after receiving specific signaling.
- the UE may perform TA calculation/measurement for cells indicated by higher layer signaling/physical layer signaling. Note that in asynchronous scenarios between the reference cell and the candidate cell, the UE may use the offset parameter configured in the RRC configuration. If certain conditions are met, the UE may stop TA calculation/measurement.
- the source cell may then send a cell switch command to the UE.
- TA information may be moved/notified from the source cell to the target cell.
- the UE may control UL transmission based on the calculated TA after cell switching. For example, the UE may perform the first UL transmission using the initial TA if UL synchronization of all candidate cells has not been completed after the initial cell switch.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of PRACH transmission to each candidate cell.
- the UE transmits PRACH to the candidate cell after receiving information on the setting of the candidate cell and a PDCCH order. Assume that multiple candidate cells are set in this PDCCH order.
- the UE may transmit PRACH to each of the set candidate cells. For example, the UE transmits PRACH to each of cell #1, #2, and #3.
- the UE may receive RAR after PRACH as in FIG. 10, or may not receive RAR after PRACH as in FIG. 11.
- the presence or absence of reception of RAR may be set in advance in the UE by RRC signaling.
- the UE should transmit the PRACH for each candidate cell when multiple candidate cells are set/instructed. If the PRACH transmission for each candidate cell is not performed appropriately, there is a risk that the quality of communication with the candidate cell after the cell switch will deteriorate.
- the inventors therefore considered a method for appropriately transmitting PRACH to each candidate cell and came up with an example of this embodiment.
- A/B and “at least one of A and B” may be interpreted as interchangeable.
- A/B/C may mean “at least one of A, B, and C.”
- Radio Resource Control RRC
- RRC parameters RRC parameters
- RRC messages higher layer parameters, fields, information elements (IEs), settings, etc.
- IEs information elements
- CE Medium Access Control
- update commands activation/deactivation commands, etc.
- the higher layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., messages from the core network such as positioning protocols (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa)/LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) messages), or a combination of these.
- RRC Radio Resource Control
- MAC Medium Access Control
- LPP LTE Positioning Protocol
- the MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc.
- the broadcast information may be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), Other System Information (OSI), etc.
- MIB Master Information Block
- SIB System Information Block
- RMSI Remaining Minimum System Information
- OSI System Information
- the physical layer signaling may be, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), etc.
- DCI Downlink Control Information
- UCI Uplink Control Information
- cell, PCI, serving cell, SpCell, source serving cell, CC, BWP, BWP in CC, band may be interchanged.
- additional cell, other cell, non-serving cell, cell with different PCI, candidate cell, candidate serving cell, cell with PCI different from the PCI of the current serving cell, another serving cell, target cell, target serving cell, neighbor cell may be interchanged.
- switch, change, update may be interchanged.
- Serving cell may be interchanged with the serving cell before the switch or the serving cell after the switch.
- LTM applied, cell applied, cell switch may be interchanged.
- LTM applied, beam applied, beam switch may be interchanged.
- RACH resource, RA resource, PRACH preamble, occasion, RACH occasion (RO), PRACH occasion, repetition resource, repetition setting resource, resources set for RO/repetition, time instance and frequency instance, time resource and frequency resource, RO/preamble resource, repetition, PRACH resource, time/frequency resource for PRACH, preamble setting/index, mask setting/index, PRACH setting may be read as interchangeable.
- a candidate cell and a candidate cell group may be interchangeable.
- a candidate cell in the present disclosure may be a candidate cell indicated in a PDCCH order.
- a PDCCH order and a DCI (e.g., DCI format 1_0) may be interchangeable.
- DCI format 1_0 may be interchangeable.
- RO, RO index, and RO# may be interchangeable.
- the UE receives one PDCCH order (DCI) (e.g., FIG. 14) including separate information (indication/parameter) for each candidate cell/PRACH regarding PRACH transmission to each candidate cell, and controls PRACH transmission to each of the multiple candidate cells based on the PDCCH order.
- DCI PDCCH order
- at least one indication may be selected by the UE.
- the candidate cell in this embodiment may be a candidate cell set/indicated in the PDCCH order.
- the candidate cell may be set/indicated in advance by higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC/MAC CE).
- the common instruction may be included in only one PDCCH order. This makes it possible to suppress an increase in the number of PDCCH bits.
- the embodiment 1.1 may assume that at least a part of the information regarding the PRACH transmission for each candidate cell (e.g., multiple candidate cells) in the PDCCH order is the same for multiple candidate cells/PRACH transmissions.
- the information regarding the PRACH transmission may include, for example, a random access preamble index, an SS/PBCH index, a PRACH mask index, and information indicating whether the PRACH is an initial transmission or a retransmission.
- Option 1 The UE does not assume the above assumption (that at least some of the information regarding the PRACH for each candidate cell is the same in the PDCCH order).
- the UE transmits one (same) PRACH to multiple candidate cells.
- this option may be applied when FR1 is applied or when at least one of the SS/PBCH index, the random access preamble index, and the PRACH mask index in the PDCCH order is the same between PRACH transmissions of each candidate cell, because in this case, one PRACH can be transmitted to multiple cells.
- one PRACH may be any of the following options 2-1 to 2-3.
- Option 2-1 Same (one) candidate cell/component carrier (CC)/frequency/candidate cell group.
- Option 2-2 Same (single) band.
- Option 2-3 Same (one) CC list (if configured by RRC).
- the UE may transmit PRACH simultaneously to each candidate cell.
- the following options 4 or 5 may be applied.
- the UE transmits the PRACHs of each candidate cell in each corresponding RO. For example, if at least one RO of the PRACHs of each candidate cell is different and the number of PRACHs of the same RO is equal to or less than the number of simultaneous transmissions of the PRACHs (maximum simultaneous transmission number) indicated in the UE capability information, the UE may transmit the PRACHs to each candidate cell simultaneously.
- the UE may prioritize PRACH transmission for a particular candidate cell, as indicated/configured by DCI/MAC CE/RRC, or predefined in a specification, or determined based on the UE implementation. That is, the UE may determine the PRACH to transmit (a candidate cell to transmit from) based on the configured/indicated/defined priority of the candidate cell/PRACH. Priority may be set/indicated/defined for each candidate cell group.
- Priority for UL transmissions may be applied to PRACH transmissions to candidate cells to determine transmission power when simultaneously transmitting UL.
- Option 5-1 Preferentially transmit PRACH to candidate cells in descending order of the values of corresponding candidate cell/PRACH transmission parameters (e.g., random access preamble index, SS/PBCH index, PRACH mask index, candidate cell ID, or candidate cell group ID).
- candidate cell/PRACH transmission parameters e.g., random access preamble index, SS/PBCH index, PRACH mask index, candidate cell ID, or candidate cell group ID.
- Option 5-2 Preferentially transmit PRACH to candidate cells in ascending order of the values of corresponding candidate cell/PRACH transmission parameters (e.g., random access preamble index, SS/PBCH index, PRACH mask index, or candidate cell ID).
- candidate cell/PRACH transmission parameters e.g., random access preamble index, SS/PBCH index, PRACH mask index, or candidate cell ID.
- Option 5-3 The UE prioritizes transmitting PRACH for initial transmissions (not retransmissions) to candidate cells.
- Option 5-4 The UE prioritizes sending PRACH retransmissions to candidate cells.
- Option 5'-1 The UE preferentially transmits the PRACH of the candidate cell that is the current Scell (active Scell).
- Option 5'-2 The UE preferentially transmits the PRACH of a candidate cell that uses the same frequency as the serving cell.
- Option 5'-3 The UE preferentially transmits the PRACH of a candidate cell that uses a frequency different from that of the serving cell.
- Option 5'-4 The UE preferentially transmits the PRACH of candidate cells whose TCI state is activated.
- Option 6 If the RACH occasions (ROs) of the PRACH of each candidate cell are different, the UE transmits the PRACH of each candidate cell in each corresponding RO.
- ROs RACH occasions
- the UE may preferentially transmit PRACH for a specific candidate cell, which is indicated/configured by DCI/MAC CE/RRC or predefined in the specification. That is, the UE may determine the PRACH to be transmitted (a candidate cell to which the PRACH is to be transmitted) based on the configured/indicated/defined priority of the candidate cell/PRACH. Priority may be set/indicated/defined for each candidate cell group.
- options 5-1 to 5-4 and 5'-1 to 5'-4 may be applied in the same way.
- the priority for UL transmission may be applied to PRACH transmission to the candidate cell in order to determine the transmission power when transmitting UL simultaneously.
- the embodiment 1.2 may assume that all information regarding PRACH transmission for each candidate cell (e.g., multiple candidate cells) in the PDCCH order is different for each candidate cell/PRACH.
- the information regarding PRACH transmission may include, for example, a random access preamble index, an SS/PBCH index, a PRACH mask index, and information indicating whether the PRACH is an initial transmission or a retransmission.
- Option 8 The UE does not assume the above premise (that all information regarding PRACH transmission for each candidate cell in the PDCCH order is different).
- the UE may transmit PRACH simultaneously to each candidate cell.
- the following options 10 or 11 may be applied.
- Option 10 The UE transmits the PRACH of each candidate cell in each corresponding RO. Note that since Option 10 assumes that all of the information related to the PRACH transmission of each candidate cell in the PDCCH order is different, the RO of each candidate cell is also different.
- the UE may prioritize PRACH transmission for a particular candidate cell, as indicated/configured by DCI/MAC CE/RRC or predefined in the specification/UE implementation. That is, the UE may determine the PRACH to transmit (a candidate cell to transmit from) based on the configured/indicated/defined priority of the candidate cell/PRACH. Priority may be set/indicated/defined for each candidate cell group.
- Priority for UL transmissions may be applied to PRACH transmissions to candidate cells to determine transmission power when simultaneously transmitting UL.
- options 5-1 to 5-4 may be similarly applied.
- option 5' (5'-1 to 5'-4) may be similarly applied.
- options 12 and 13 above may be applied.
- Option 12 The UE transmits the PRACH of each candidate cell in each corresponding RO. Note that since Option 10 assumes that all of the information related to the PRACH transmission of each candidate cell in the PDCCH order is different, the RO of each candidate cell is also different.
- the UE may preferentially transmit PRACH for a specific candidate cell, which is indicated/configured by DCI/MAC CE/RRC or predefined in the specification. That is, the UE may determine the PRACH to be transmitted (a candidate cell to which the PRACH is to be transmitted) based on the configured/indicated/defined priority of the candidate cell/PRACH. Priority may be set/indicated/defined for each candidate cell group.
- options 5-1 to 5-4 and 5'-1 to 5'-4 may be applied in the same way.
- the priority for UL transmission may be applied to PRACH transmission to the candidate cell in order to determine the transmission power when transmitting UL simultaneously.
- each option (options 1 to 7) of embodiment 1.1 may be applied as an option to embodiment 1.2.
- each option (options 8 to 13) of embodiment 1.2 may be applied as an option to embodiment 1.1.
- Embodiment 1.1 is described under the assumption that at least a portion of the information regarding PRACH transmission of each candidate cell in the PDCCH order is the same, but when this assumption does not apply, each option (options 1 to 7) may be applied. Also, embodiment 1.2 is described under the assumption that all of the information regarding PRACH transmission of each candidate cell in the PDCCH order is different, but when this assumption does not apply, each option (options 8 to 13) may be applied.
- one PDCCH order includes separate instructions (parameters) corresponding to multiple candidate cells/PRACHs, but it may also be assumed that one PDCCH order includes instructions (parameters) corresponding to one candidate cell/PRACH and multiple PDCCH orders are transmitted. Alternatively, it may also be assumed that one PDCCH order includes instructions (parameters) corresponding to one or more candidate cells/PRACHs and multiple PDCCH orders are transmitted.
- PRACH repetition transmission may be applied.
- the UE may, for example, perform PRACH repetition transmission for each candidate cell.
- the UE may, for example, determine the number of repetitions of PRACH repetition transmission for each candidate cell based on a priority indicated/set by DCI/MAC CE/RRC or predefined in the specification.
- the priority may be the same as the priority of option 5 or 11 above.
- the UE may perform repeated PRACH transmissions to each candidate cell for each candidate cell, or may perform the next PRACH transmission to each candidate cell after performing PRACH transmission to each candidate cell. In other words, for example, if there are candidate cells #1 and #2 and three repeated transmissions are to be performed, the UE may transmit PRACH to candidate cells #1, #1, #1, #2, #2, #2 in the order, or may transmit PRACH to candidate cells #1, #2, #1, #2, #1, #2 in the order.
- the UE may transmit PRACH simultaneously for each candidate cell group. For example, if the maximum number of candidate cells in a candidate cell group is less than or equal to the number of simultaneous PRACH transmissions (maximum simultaneous transmissions) indicated in the UE capability information transmitted by the UE, the UE may transmit PRACH simultaneously to candidate cells in the candidate cell group. If the maximum number of candidate cells in a candidate cell group is greater than the number of simultaneous PRACH transmissions (maximum simultaneous transmissions) indicated in the UE capability information transmitted by the UE, the UE may apply any of the above options 4, 5, 5', 10, or 11.
- any information may be notified to the UE (from a network (NW) (e.g., a base station (BS))) (in other words, any information is received from the BS by the UE) using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal/channel (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.
- NW network
- BS base station
- the MAC CE may be identified by including a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) in the MAC subheader that is not specified in existing standards.
- LCID Logical Channel ID
- the notification When the notification is made by a DCI, the notification may be made by a specific field of the DCI, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used to scramble Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.
- RNTI Radio Network Temporary Identifier
- CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
- notification of any information to the UE in the above-mentioned embodiments may be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.
- notification of any information from the UE (to the NW) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), a specific signal/channel (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.
- physical layer signaling e.g., UCI
- higher layer signaling e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE
- a specific signal/channel e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signal
- the MAC CE may be identified by including a new LCID in the MAC subheader that is not specified in existing standards.
- the notification may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.
- notification of any information from the UE may be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or aperiodically.
- At least one of the above-mentioned embodiments may be applied when a specific condition is met, which may be specified in a standard or may be notified to a UE/BS using higher layer signaling/physical layer signaling.
- At least one of the above-described embodiments may be applied only to UEs that have reported a particular UE capability or that support the particular UE capability. Note that “supporting” and “whether to support” may be interpreted as interchangeable.
- the specific UE capabilities may indicate at least one of the following: Supporting specific processing/operations/control/information for at least one of the above embodiments; Number of simultaneous PRACH transmissions (maximum number of simultaneous transmissions), Number of candidate cells to support, • The number of candidate cell groups to be supported.
- the above-mentioned specific UE capabilities may be capabilities that are applied across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), capabilities per frequency (e.g., one or a combination of a cell, band, band combination, BWP, component carrier, etc.), capabilities per frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), capabilities per subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)), or capabilities per Feature Set (FS) or Feature Set Per Component-carrier (FSPC).
- FR1 Frequency Range 1
- FR2 FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2
- SCS subcarrier Spacing
- FS Feature Set
- FSPC Feature Set Per Component-carrier
- the above-mentioned specific UE capabilities may be capabilities that are applied across all duplexing methods (commonly regardless of the duplexing method), or may be capabilities for each duplexing method (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).
- TDD Time Division Duplex
- FDD Frequency Division Duplex
- the above-mentioned embodiments may be applied when the UE configures/activates/triggers specific information related to the above-mentioned embodiments (or performs the operations of the above-mentioned embodiments) by higher layer signaling/physical layer signaling.
- the specific information may be information indicating that LTM is enabled, any RRC parameters for a specific release (e.g., Rel. 18/19), etc.
- the UE may apply, for example, the behavior of Rel. 15/16/17.
- PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
- PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
- a terminal having the above configuration A terminal having the above configuration.
- Wired communication system A configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below.
- communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination of these methods.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment.
- the wireless communication system 1 (which may simply be referred to as system 1) may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE) specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), or the like.
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
- 5G NR 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio
- the wireless communication system 1 may also support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)).
- MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.
- RATs Radio Access Technologies
- MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.
- E-UTRA Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access
- EN-DC E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity
- NE-DC NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity
- the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (SN).
- the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.
- the wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (e.g., dual connectivity in which both the MN and SN are NR base stations (gNBs) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).
- dual connectivity in which both the MN and SN are NR base stations (gNBs) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).
- gNBs NR base stations
- N-DC Dual Connectivity
- the wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with a relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are arranged within the macrocell C1 and form a small cell C2 that is narrower than the macrocell C1.
- a user terminal 20 may be located within at least one of the cells. The arrangement and number of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when there is no need to distinguish between the base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.
- the user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10.
- the user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).
- CA carrier aggregation
- CC component carriers
- DC dual connectivity
- Each CC may be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)).
- Macro cell C1 may be included in FR1
- small cell C2 may be included in FR2.
- FR1 may be a frequency band below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz)
- FR2 may be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may correspond to a higher frequency band than FR2.
- the user terminal 20 may communicate using at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) in each CC.
- TDD Time Division Duplex
- FDD Frequency Division Duplex
- the multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber conforming to the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 interface, etc.) or wirelessly (e.g., NR communication).
- wire e.g., optical fiber conforming to the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 interface, etc.
- NR communication e.g., NR communication
- base station 11 which corresponds to the upper station
- IAB Integrated Access Backhaul
- base station 12 which corresponds to a relay station
- the base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 via another base station 10 or directly.
- the core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.
- EPC Evolved Packet Core
- 5GCN 5G Core Network
- NGC Next Generation Core
- the core network 30 may include network functions (Network Functions (NF)) such as, for example, a User Plane Function (UPF), an Access and Mobility management Function (AMF), a Session Management Function (SMF), a Unified Data Management (UDM), an Application Function (AF), a Data Network (DN), a Location Management Function (LMF), and Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM).
- NF Network Functions
- UPF User Plane Function
- AMF Access and Mobility management Function
- SMF Session Management Function
- UDM Unified Data Management
- AF Application Function
- DN Data Network
- LMF Location Management Function
- OAM Operation, Administration and Maintenance
- the user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of the communication methods such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.
- a wireless access method based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing may be used.
- OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
- CP-OFDM Cyclic Prefix OFDM
- DFT-s-OFDM Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM
- OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
- SC-FDMA Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access
- the radio access method may also be called a waveform.
- other radio access methods e.g., other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods
- a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc. may be used as the downlink channel.
- PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel
- PBCH Physical Broadcast Channel
- PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
- an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), etc. may be used as an uplink channel.
- PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel
- PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel
- PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
- SIB System Information Block
- PDSCH User data, upper layer control information, System Information Block (SIB), etc.
- SIB System Information Block
- PUSCH User data, upper layer control information, etc.
- MIB Master Information Block
- PBCH Physical Broadcast Channel
- Lower layer control information may be transmitted by the PDCCH.
- the lower layer control information may include, for example, downlink control information (Downlink Control Information (DCI)) including scheduling information for at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.
- DCI Downlink Control Information
- the DCI for scheduling the PDSCH may be called a DL assignment or DL DCI
- the DCI for scheduling the PUSCH may be called a UL grant or UL DCI.
- the PDSCH may be interpreted as DL data
- the PUSCH may be interpreted as UL data.
- a control resource set (COntrol REsource SET (CORESET)) and a search space may be used to detect the PDCCH.
- the CORESET corresponds to the resources to search for DCI.
- the search space corresponds to the search region and search method of PDCCH candidates.
- One CORESET may be associated with one or multiple search spaces. The UE may monitor the CORESET associated with a search space based on the search space configuration.
- a search space may correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels.
- One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. Note that the terms “search space,” “search space set,” “search space setting,” “search space set setting,” “CORESET,” “CORESET setting,” etc. in this disclosure may be read as interchangeable.
- the PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (which may be called, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK/NACK, etc.), and a scheduling request (SR).
- UCI uplink control information
- CSI channel state information
- HARQ-ACK Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement
- ACK/NACK ACK/NACK
- SR scheduling request
- the PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with a cell.
- downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without adding "link.”
- various channels may be expressed without adding "Physical” to the beginning.
- a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc. may be transmitted.
- a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc. may be transmitted.
- the synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS).
- a signal block including an SS (PSS, SSS) and a PBCH (and a DMRS for PBCH) may be called an SS/PBCH block, an SS Block (SSB), etc.
- the SS, SSB, etc. may also be called a reference signal.
- a measurement reference signal Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)
- a demodulation reference signal DMRS
- UL-RS uplink reference signal
- DMRS may also be called a user equipment-specific reference signal (UE-specific Reference Signal).
- the base station 16 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a base station according to an embodiment.
- the base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transceiver unit 120, a transceiver antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that one or more of each of the control unit 110, the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140 may be provided.
- this example mainly shows the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment, and the base station 10 may also be assumed to have other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.
- the control unit 110 controls the entire base station 10.
- the control unit 110 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, etc., which are described based on a common understanding in the technical field to which this disclosure pertains.
- the control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc.
- the control unit 110 may control transmission and reception using the transceiver unit 120, the transceiver antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140, measurement, etc.
- the control unit 110 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transceiver unit 120.
- the control unit 110 may perform call processing of communication channels (setting, release, etc.), status management of the base station 10, management of radio resources, etc.
- the transceiver unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.
- the baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212.
- the transceiver unit 120 may be composed of a transmitter/receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on a common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.
- the transceiver 120 may be configured as an integrated transceiver, or may be composed of a transmitter and a receiver.
- the transmitter may be composed of a transmission processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122.
- the receiver may be composed of a reception processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.
- the transmitting/receiving antenna 130 can be configured as an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which this disclosure pertains, such as an array antenna.
- the transceiver 120 may transmit the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc.
- the transceiver 120 may receive the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.
- the transceiver 120 may form at least one of the transmit beam and receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc.
- digital beamforming e.g., precoding
- analog beamforming e.g., phase rotation
- the transceiver 120 may perform Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on data and control information obtained from the control unit 110 to generate a bit string to be transmitted.
- PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol
- RLC Radio Link Control
- MAC Medium Access Control
- HARQ retransmission control HARQ retransmission control
- the transceiver 120 may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.
- transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.
- channel coding which may include error correction coding
- DFT Discrete Fourier Transform
- IFFT Inverse Fast Fourier Transform
- the transceiver unit 120 may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 130.
- the transceiver unit 120 may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 130.
- the transceiver 120 may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, and acquire user data, etc.
- reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal, and acquire user data, etc.
- FFT Fast Fourier Transform
- IDFT Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform
- the transceiver 120 may perform measurements on the received signal.
- the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal.
- the measurement unit 123 may measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc.
- RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
- RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator
- the measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.
- the transmission path interface 140 may transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes providing NF), other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.
- devices included in the core network 30 e.g., network nodes providing NF
- other base stations 10, etc. may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.
- the transmitting section and receiving section of the base station 10 in this disclosure may be configured with at least one of the transmitting/receiving section 120, the transmitting/receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.
- the transceiver 120 may transmit a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) order that includes information regarding Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmissions to multiple candidate cells.
- PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
- PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
- the control unit 110 may control the reception of the PRACH for each of the multiple candidate cells.
- the (User terminal) 17 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment.
- the user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transceiver unit 220, and a transceiver antenna 230. Note that the control unit 210, the transceiver unit 220, and the transceiver antenna 230 may each include one or more.
- this example mainly shows the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment, and the user terminal 20 may also be assumed to have other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.
- the control unit 210 controls the entire user terminal 20.
- the control unit 210 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, etc., which are described based on a common understanding in the technical field to which this disclosure pertains.
- the control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc.
- the control unit 210 may control transmission and reception using the transceiver unit 220 and the transceiver antenna 230, measurement, etc.
- the control unit 210 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and transfer them to the transceiver unit 220.
- the transceiver unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.
- the baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212.
- the transceiver unit 220 may be composed of a transmitter/receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transceiver circuit, etc., which are described based on a common understanding in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.
- the transceiver unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transceiver unit, or may be composed of a transmission unit and a reception unit.
- the transmission unit may be composed of a transmission processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222.
- the reception unit may be composed of a reception processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.
- the transmitting/receiving antenna 230 can be configured as an antenna described based on common understanding in the technical field to which this disclosure pertains, such as an array antenna.
- the transceiver 220 may receive the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc.
- the transceiver 220 may transmit the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.
- the transceiver unit 220 may form at least one of the transmit beam and receive beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc.
- digital beamforming e.g., precoding
- analog beamforming e.g., phase rotation
- the transceiver 220 may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc. on the data and control information acquired from the controller 210, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.
- RLC layer processing e.g., RLC retransmission control
- MAC layer processing e.g., HARQ retransmission control
- the transceiver 220 may perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.
- transmission processing such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output a baseband signal.
- Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the settings of transform precoding.
- the transceiver unit 220 transmission processing unit 2211
- the transceiver unit 220 may perform DFT processing as the above-mentioned transmission processing in order to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform, and when transform precoding is not enabled, it is not necessary to perform DFT processing as the above-mentioned transmission processing.
- the transceiver unit 220 may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the radio frequency band signal via the transceiver antenna 230.
- the transceiver unit 220 may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transceiver antenna 230.
- the transceiver 220 may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.
- reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.
- the transceiver 220 may perform measurements on the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 may perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc. based on the received signal.
- the measurement unit 223 may measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc.
- the measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.
- the measurement unit 223 may derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on channel measurement resources.
- the channel measurement resources may be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources.
- the measurement unit 223 may derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on interference measurement resources.
- the interference measurement resources may be at least one of NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurement, CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resources, etc.
- CSI-IM may be called CSI-Interference Management (IM) or may be interchangeably read as Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS.
- CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc. may be read as interchangeable.
- the transmitting unit and receiving unit of the user terminal 20 in this disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting/receiving unit 220 and the transmitting/receiving antenna 230.
- the transceiver 220 may receive a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) order that includes information regarding a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) transmission to multiple candidate cells.
- PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
- PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
- the control unit 210 may control the transmission of the PRACH to each of the multiple candidate cells.
- the transceiver unit 220 may transmit the same PRACH to the multiple candidate cells if at least a portion of the information in the PDCCH order is the same in multiple PRACH transmissions.
- the transceiver unit 220 may transmit the PRACH to each candidate cell simultaneously if the number of the multiple candidate cells is equal to or less than the number of simultaneous transmissions of the PRACH indicated in the capability information transmitted by the terminal.
- control unit 210 may determine the PRACH to transmit based on the priority of the candidate cells or the PRACH.
- each functional block may be realized using one device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more devices that are physically or logically separated and directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wires, wirelessly, etc.).
- the functional blocks may be realized by combining the one device or the multiple devices with software.
- the functions include, but are not limited to, judgement, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, deeming, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assignment.
- a functional block (component) that performs the transmission function may be called a transmitting unit, a transmitter, and the like. In either case, as mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on the method of realization.
- a base station, a user terminal, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment.
- the above-mentioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.
- the hardware configurations of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the figures, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.
- processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips.
- the functions of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 are realized, for example, by loading specific software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, causing the processor 1001 to perform calculations, control communications via the communication device 1004, and control at least one of the reading and writing of data in the memory 1002 and storage 1003.
- the processor 1001 operates an operating system to control the entire computer.
- the processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, registers, etc.
- CPU central processing unit
- control unit 110 210
- transmission/reception unit 120 220
- etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.
- the processor 1001 also reads out programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and executes various processes according to these.
- the programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above embodiments.
- the control unit 110 (210) may be realized by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and similar implementations may be made for other functional blocks.
- Memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be composed of at least one of, for example, Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), and other suitable storage media. Memory 1002 may also be called a register, cache, main memory, etc. Memory 1002 can store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- ROM Read Only Memory
- EPROM Erasable Programmable ROM
- EEPROM Electrically EPROM
- RAM Random Access Memory
- Memory 1002 may also be called a register, cache, main memory, etc.
- Memory 1002 can store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a wireless communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be composed of at least one of a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk (Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray disk), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium.
- Storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.
- the communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting/receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also called, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc.
- the communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of, for example, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD).
- FDD Frequency Division Duplex
- TDD Time Division Duplex
- the above-mentioned transmitting/receiving unit 120 (220), transmitting/receiving antenna 130 (230), etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004.
- the transmitting/receiving unit 120 (220) may be implemented as a transmitting unit 120a (220a) and a receiving unit 120b (220b) that are physically or logically separated.
- the input device 1005 is an input device (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside.
- the output device 1006 is an output device (e.g., a display, a speaker, a Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that performs output to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one structure (e.g., a touch panel).
- each device such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002 is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information.
- the bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.
- the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized using the hardware.
- the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.
- a channel, a symbol, and a signal may be read as mutually interchangeable.
- a signal may also be a message.
- a reference signal may be abbreviated as RS, and may be called a pilot, a pilot signal, or the like depending on the applied standard.
- a component carrier may also be called a cell, a frequency carrier, a carrier frequency, or the like.
- a radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain.
- Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be called a subframe.
- a subframe may be composed of one or more slots in the time domain.
- a subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.
- the numerology may be a communication parameter that is applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel.
- the numerology may indicate, for example, at least one of the following: SubCarrier Spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, Transmission Time Interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, a specific filtering process performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, a specific windowing process performed by the transceiver in the time domain, etc.
- SCS SubCarrier Spacing
- TTI Transmission Time Interval
- radio frame configuration a specific filtering process performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain
- a specific windowing process performed by the transceiver in the time domain etc.
- a slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.).
- OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
- SC-FDMA Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access
- a slot may also be a time unit based on numerology.
- a slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot.
- a PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A.
- a PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.
- a radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol all represent time units when transmitting a signal.
- a different name may be used for radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol. Note that the time units such as frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol in this disclosure may be read as interchangeable.
- one subframe may be called a TTI
- multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI
- one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI.
- at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms.
- the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc., instead of a subframe.
- TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication.
- a base station schedules each user terminal by allocating radio resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal) in TTI units.
- radio resources such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each user terminal
- the TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-coded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc.
- the time interval e.g., the number of symbols
- the time interval in which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.
- one or more TTIs may be the minimum time unit of scheduling.
- the number of slots (minislots) that constitute the minimum time unit of scheduling may be controlled.
- a TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, normal subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc.
- a TTI shorter than a normal TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.
- a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms
- a short TTI e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.
- TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and equal to or greater than 1 ms.
- a resource block is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain.
- the number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of numerology, and may be, for example, 12.
- the number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on numerology.
- an RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain and may be one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI in length.
- One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.
- one or more RBs may be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.
- PRB physical resource block
- SCG sub-carrier group
- REG resource element group
- PRB pair an RB pair, etc.
- a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs).
- REs resource elements
- one RE may be a radio resource area of one subcarrier and one symbol.
- a Bandwidth Part which may also be referred to as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by an index of the RB relative to a common reference point of the carrier.
- PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within the BWP.
- the BWP may include a UL BWP (BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (BWP for DL).
- BWP UL BWP
- BWP for DL DL BWP
- One or more BWPs may be configured for a UE within one carrier.
- At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal/channel outside the active BWP.
- BWP bitmap
- radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols are merely examples.
- the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, as well as the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, and the cyclic prefix (CP) length can be changed in various ways.
- the information, parameters, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using absolute values, may be represented using relative values from a predetermined value, or may be represented using other corresponding information.
- a radio resource may be indicated by a predetermined index.
- the names used for parameters and the like in this disclosure are not limiting in any respect. Furthermore, the formulas and the like using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure.
- the various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not limiting in any respect.
- the information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies.
- the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.
- information, signals, etc. may be output from a higher layer to a lower layer and/or from a lower layer to a higher layer.
- Information, signals, etc. may be input/output via multiple network nodes.
- Input/output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input/output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added to. Output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. Input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to another device.
- a specific location e.g., memory
- Input/output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or added to.
- Output information, signals, etc. may be deleted.
- Input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to another device.
- the notification of information is not limited to the aspects/embodiments described in this disclosure, and may be performed using other methods.
- the notification of information in this disclosure may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), etc.), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination of these.
- DCI Downlink Control Information
- UCI Uplink Control Information
- RRC Radio Resource Control
- MIB Master Information Block
- SIB System Information Block
- MAC Medium Access Control
- the physical layer signaling may be called Layer 1/Layer 2 (L1/L2) control information (L1/L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc.
- the RRC signaling may be called an RRC message, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, etc.
- the MAC signaling may be notified, for example, using a MAC Control Element (CE).
- CE MAC Control Element
- notification of specified information is not limited to explicit notification, but may be implicit (e.g., by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).
- the determination may be based on a value represented by a single bit (0 or 1), a Boolean value represented by true or false, or a comparison of numerical values (e.g., with a predetermined value).
- Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.
- Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted and received via a transmission medium.
- a transmission medium For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and/or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave, etc.), then at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of a transmission medium.
- wired technologies such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
- wireless technologies such as infrared, microwave, etc.
- Network may refer to the devices included in the network (e.g., base stations).
- the antenna port may be interchangeably read as an antenna port for any signal/channel (e.g., a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port).
- the resource may be interchangeably read as a resource for any signal/channel (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.).
- the resource may include time/frequency/code/space/power resources.
- the spatial domain transmission filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.
- the above groups may include, for example, at least one of a spatial relationship group, a Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, a Reference Signal (RS) group, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (e.g., a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, a panel group, etc.
- CDM Code Division Multiplexing
- RS Reference Signal
- CORESET Control Resource Set
- beam SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, codeword (CW), transport block (TB), RS, etc. may be read as interchangeable.
- SRI SRS Resource Indicator
- CORESET CORESET pool
- PDSCH PUSCH
- codeword CW
- TB transport block
- RS etc.
- TCI state downlink TCI state
- DL TCI state downlink TCI state
- UL TCI state uplink TCI state
- unified TCI state common TCI state
- joint TCI state etc.
- QCL QCL
- QCL assumptions QCL relationship
- QCL type information QCL property/properties
- specific QCL type e.g., Type A, Type D
- specific QCL type e.g., Type A, Type D
- index identifier
- indicator indication, resource ID, etc.
- sequence list, set, group, cluster, subset, etc.
- TCI state ID the spatial relationship information identifier
- TCI state ID the spatial relationship information
- TCI state the spatial relationship information
- TCI state the spatial relationship information
- TCI state the spatial relationship information
- Base Station may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, picocell, etc.
- a base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells.
- a base station accommodates multiple cells, the entire coverage area of the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can also provide communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small base station for indoor use (Remote Radio Head (RRH))).
- RRH Remote Radio Head
- the term "cell” or “sector” refers to a part or the entire coverage area of at least one of the base station and base station subsystems that provide communication services in this coverage.
- a base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control/operate based on the information.
- MS Mobile Station
- UE User Equipment
- a mobile station may also be referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.
- At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc.
- at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.
- the moving body in question refers to an object that can move, and the moving speed is arbitrary, and of course includes the case where the moving body is stationary.
- the moving body in question includes, but is not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcarts, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, artificial satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted on these.
- the moving body in question may also be a moving body that moves autonomously based on an operating command.
- the moving object may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned moving object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned).
- a vehicle e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.
- an unmanned moving object e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.
- a robot manned or unmanned
- at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also include devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations.
- at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.
- IoT Internet of Things
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment.
- the vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, an RPM sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.
- various sensors including a current sensor 50, an RPM sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58
- an information service unit 59 including a communication module 60.
- the drive unit 41 is composed of at least one of an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor, for example.
- the steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handlebar), and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.
- the electronic control unit 49 is composed of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (e.g., an Input/Output (IO) port) 63. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 49 from various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle.
- the electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).
- ECU Electronic Control Unit
- Signals from the various sensors 50-58 include a current signal from a current sensor 50 that senses the motor current, a rotation speed signal of the front wheels 46/rear wheels 47 acquired by a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheels 46/rear wheels 47 acquired by an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed signal acquired by a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal acquired by an acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 acquired by an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a depression amount signal of the brake pedal 44 acquired by a brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of the shift lever 45 acquired by a shift lever sensor 57, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. acquired by an object detection sensor 58.
- the information service unit 59 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, displays, televisions, and radios, for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs that control these devices.
- the information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 60, etc., to provide various information/services (e.g., multimedia information/multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.
- various information/services e.g., multimedia information/multimedia services
- the information service unit 59 may include input devices (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, a touch panel, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, a touch panel, etc.) that perform output to the outside.
- input devices e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, a touch panel, etc.
- output devices e.g., a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, a touch panel, etc.
- the driving assistance system unit 64 is composed of various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driver's driving load, such as a millimeter wave radar, a Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), a camera, a positioning locator (e.g., a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., a High Definition (HD) map, an Autonomous Vehicle (AV) map, etc.), a gyro system (e.g., an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), an Inertial Navigation System (INS), etc.), an Artificial Intelligence (AI) chip, and an AI processor, and one or more ECUs that control these devices.
- the driving assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize a driving assistance function or an autonomous driving function.
- the communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63.
- the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 between the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and the various sensors 50-58 that are provided on the vehicle 40.
- the communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication.
- the communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49.
- the external device may be, for example, the above-mentioned base station 10 or user terminal 20.
- the communication module 60 may also be, for example, at least one of the above-mentioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 (it may function as at least one of the base station 10 and user terminal 20).
- the communication module 60 may transmit at least one of the signals from the various sensors 50-58 described above input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59 to an external device via wireless communication.
- the electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input.
- the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above input.
- the communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on an information service unit 59 provided in the vehicle.
- the information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH (or data/information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 60).
- the communication module 60 also stores various information received from external devices in memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axles 48, various sensors 50-58, and the like provided on the vehicle 40.
- the base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal.
- each aspect/embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (which may be called, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), etc.).
- the user terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above.
- terms such as "uplink” and "downlink” may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink").
- the uplink channel, downlink channel, etc. may be read as the sidelink channel.
- the user terminal in this disclosure may be interpreted as a base station.
- the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.
- operations that are described as being performed by a base station may in some cases be performed by its upper node.
- a network that includes one or more network nodes having base stations, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with terminals may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (such as, but not limited to, a Mobility Management Entity (MME) or a Serving-Gateway (S-GW)), or a combination of these.
- MME Mobility Management Entity
- S-GW Serving-Gateway
- each aspect/embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched between depending on the implementation.
- the processing procedures, sequences, flow charts, etc. of each aspect/embodiment described in this disclosure may be rearranged as long as there is no inconsistency.
- the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps in an exemplary order, and are not limited to the particular order presented.
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- LTE-A LTE-Advanced
- LTE-B LTE-Beyond
- SUPER 3G IMT-Advanced
- 4th generation mobile communication system 4th generation mobile communication system
- 5G 5th generation mobile communication system
- 6G 6th generation mobile communication system
- xG x is, for example, an integer or decimal
- Future Radio Access FX
- GSM Global System for Mobile communications
- CDMA2000 Code Division Multiple Access
- UMB Ultra Mobile Broadband
- IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi
- IEEE 802.16 WiMAX (registered trademark)
- IEEE 802.20 Ultra-Wide Band (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), and other appropriate wireless communication methods, as well as next-generation systems that are expanded, modified, created
- the phrase “based on” does not mean “based only on,” unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase “based on” means both “based only on” and “based at least on.”
- any reference to an element using a designation such as "first,” “second,” etc., used in this disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must precede the second element in some way.
- determining may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, “determining” may be considered to be judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, search, inquiry (e.g., looking in a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining, etc.
- Determining may also be considered to mean “determining” receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in a memory), etc.
- judgment (decision) may be considered to mean “judging (deciding)” resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc.
- judgment (decision) may be considered to mean “judging (deciding)” some kind of action.
- judgment (decision) may be read as interchangeably with the actions described above.
- expect may be read as “be expected”.
- "expect(s) " ("" may be expressed, for example, as a that clause, a to infinitive, etc.) may be read as “be expected !.
- "does not expect " may be read as "be not expected ".
- "An apparatus A is not expected " may be read as "An apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect " (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B may be a base station).
- the "maximum transmit power" referred to in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, may mean the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or may mean the rated UE maximum transmit power.
- connection refers to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” to each other.
- the coupling or connection between the elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connected” may be read as "access.”
- a and B are different may mean “A and B are different from each other.”
- the term may also mean “A and B are each different from C.”
- Terms such as “separate” and “combined” may also be interpreted in the same way as “different.”
- timing, time, duration, time instance, any time unit e.g., slot, subslot, symbol, subframe
- period occasion, resource, etc.
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Abstract
Description
NRでは、送信設定指示状態(Transmission Configuration Indication state(TCI状態))に基づいて、信号及びチャネルの少なくとも一方(信号/チャネルと表現する)のUEにおける受信処理(例えば、受信、デマッピング、復調、復号の少なくとも1つ)、送信処理(例えば、送信、マッピング、プリコーディング、変調、符号化の少なくとも1つ)を制御することが検討されている。
・QCLタイプA(QCL-A):ドップラーシフト、ドップラースプレッド、平均遅延及び遅延スプレッド、
・QCLタイプB(QCL-B):ドップラーシフト及びドップラースプレッド、
・QCLタイプC(QCL-C):ドップラーシフト及び平均遅延、
・QCLタイプD(QCL-D):空間受信パラメータ。
以上のように、UEが、1つ又は複数のセル/TRPに対してUL送信を行うことが検討されている。この場合の手順として、以下のシナリオ1又はシナリオ2が考えられる。なお、本開示において、サービングセルは、サービングセル内のTRPに読み替えられてもよい。layer1/layer2(L1/L2)、DCI/Medium Access Control Control Element(MAC CE)は、互いに読み替えられてもよい。本開示において、現在のサービングセルの物理セルID(Physical Cell Identity(PCI))とは異なるPCIを、単に「異なるPCI」と記載することがある。非サービングセル、異なるPCIを有するセル、追加セルは、互いに読み替えられてもよい。
シナリオ1は、例えば、マルチTRPのセル間モビリティに対応するが、マルチTRPのセル間モビリティに対応しないシナリオであっても構わない。
(2)UEは、異なるPCIに対応するTRPのビーム測定を実行し、ビーム測定結果をサービングセルに報告する。
(3)上記の報告に基づいて、異なるPCIに対応するTRPに関連付けられた送信設定指示(Transmission Configuration Indication(TCI))状態が、サービングセルからのL1/L2シグナリングによって、アクティブ化される。
(4)UEは、異なるPCIに対応するTRP上のUE個別(dedicated)チャネルを使用して送受信する。
(5)UEは、マルチTRPの場合も含めて、常にサービングセルをカバーしている必要がある。UEは、従来システムと同様に、サービングセルからの共通チャネル(ブロードキャスト制御チャネル(BCCH:Broadcast Control Channel)、ページングチャネル(PCH:Paging Channel))などを使用する必要がある。
シナリオ2では、L1/L2セル間モビリティを適用する。L1/L2セル間モビリティでは、RRC再設定せずに、ビーム制御などの機能を用いてサービングセル変更が可能である。言い換えると、ハンドオーバーせずに、追加セルとの送受信が可能である。ハンドオーバーのためにはRRC再接続が必要になるなど、データ通信不可期間が生じるので、ハンドオーバー不要なL1/L2セル間モビリティを適用することにより、サービングセル変更の際にもデータ通信を継続することができる。シナリオ2は、例えば、Rel.18において適用されてもよい。シナリオ2では、例えば、以下の手順が行われる。
(2)UEは、異なるPCIを使用したセルのビーム測定を実行し、測定結果をサービングセルに報告する。
(3)UEは、異なるPCIを持つセルの設定(サービングセル設定)を、上位レイヤシグナリング(例えばRRC)によって受信してもよい。つまり、サービングセル変更に関する事前設定が行われてもよい。この設定は、(1)における設定とともに行われてもよいし、別々に行われてもよい。
(4)上記の報告に基づいて、異なるPCIを持つセルのTCI状態は、サービングセルの変更に従ってL1/L2シグナリングによってアクティブ化されてもよい。TCI状態のアクティブ化及びサービングセルの変更は、別々に行われてもよい。
(5)UEは、サービングセル(サービングセルの想定)を変更し、予め設定されたUE個別のチャネルとTCI状態を使用して受信/送信を開始する。
図2は、LTM手順の一例を示す図である。なお、L1/L2セル間モビリティ、L1L2-triggered mobility(LTM)は、互いに読み替えられてもよい。なお、図2の手順は、上記シナリオ2に対応する手順である。以下、図2の各手順について詳細に説明する。
UEは、Rel.18 L1/L2セル間モビリティ(例えば、上記シナリオ2)において、データ送信のない時間(中断時間)を短縮することができる。Rel.18 LTMを適用する場合、L3測定結果に基づいてハンドオーバする方法(L3ハンドオーバ)に比べて、データ送信のない時間(中断時間)を短縮することができる。以下、それぞれの具体的な処理について説明する。
図4は、サービングセルと候補セルの関連づけの例を示す図である。SpCell#0、SCell#1、又はSCell#2は、サービングセルであるとする。なお、SpCellは、スペシャルセル(プライマリセル(PCell)及びプライマリセカンダリセル(PSCell)を含む)を意味する。SCellは、セカンダリセルを意味する。SpCell#0は、候補セル#0-1、候補セル#0-2、候補セル#0-3に関連づけられる。SCell#1は、候補セル#1-1に関連づけられる。SCell#2は、候補セル#2-1、2-2に関連づけられる。このように、サービングセルには1以上の候補セル(候補サービングセル)が関連付けられてもよい。
Rel.17のセル間モビリティのように、サービングセル設定(ServingCellConfig)における情報が、複数の候補セルに関する情報を含んでもよい。この場合、複数の候補セルがサービングセルと同じPDCCH/PDSCH/UL等の設定を共有する必要がある。
複数の候補セルは、各セルに対応する完全な設定(例えば、ServingCellConfig)が適用され、キャリアアグリゲーション(CA)設定フレームワークを再利用して各サービングセルに関連付けられてもよい。つまり、候補セルは、サービングセルと設定情報を共有せず、別の設定が適用されてもよい。UEは、各候補セルの完全な設定が提供されるので、候補セルと適切な通信を行うことができる。
サービングセル変更指示のための暗黙的な(Implicit)又は明示的な(explicit)シグナリングについて、説明する。
態様1では、サービングセル変更指示のための暗黙的なシグナリングについて、説明する。
特定の制御リソースセット(Control Resource Set(CORESET))(例えば、CORESET#0、CH5 Type0-CSSのCORESET、CH6/CH7/CH8 CSSのCORESETの少なくとも1つ)が、サービングセルのPCIと異なるPCIのセルに関連付けられた1つ以上のTCI状態とともにMAC CEにより指示(アクティブ化)される場合(特定のCORESETに対し、サービングセルのPCIと異なるPCIのセルに関連付けられた1つ以上のTCI状態が、MAC CEによって指示/アクティブ化される場合)に、UEは、サービングセルを他のセル(セルx、異なるPCIを持つセル)に変更すると判断してもよい。つまり、このアクティブ化が、サービングセルを他のセルに変更することを暗黙的に示していてもよい。
MAC CEがPDSCHのTCI状態をアクティブ化/非アクティブ化するとき、MAC CEによってアクティブ化された全ての当該TCI状態が、サービングセルのPCIと異なるPCIを持つ同じセルxに関連付けられている場合に、UEは、サービングセルを他のセル(セルx)に変更すると判断してもよい。つまり、この関連付けが、サービングセルを他のセルへ変更することを暗黙的に示していてもよい。
MAC CEが統一TCI状態(例えばRel.17の統一TCIフレームワークに対応する)をアクティブ化/非アクティブ化し、アクティブ化された全ての統一TCI状態が、異なるPCIを持つ同じセルxに関連付けられている場合に、UEは、サービングセルを他のセル(セルx)に変更すると判断してもよい。つまり、この関連付けが、サービングセルを他のセルへ変更することを暗黙的に示していてもよい。
態様2では、サービングセル変更指示のための明示的な(explicit)シグナリングについて、説明する。態様2は、例えば上述のシナリオ2が適用される。
以下、サービングセル変更指示の例を説明する。なお、非サービングセルのアクティブ化/非アクティブ化、サービングセルの変更、サービングセルの物理セルIDとは異なる物理セルIDを持つ他のセル(非サービングセル)と送信/受信することは互いに読み替えられてもよい。
(2)BWP ID。
(3)アクティベーションに用いる非サービングセルID。非サービングセルIDは、非サービングセルに対応する(非サービングセルを識別可能な)任意の情報に置き換えられてもよい。
(3-1)PCI(直接用いられるPCI)。例えば、10ビットが使用される。
(3-2)非サービングセルの再作成インデックス(新しいID)。新しいIDは、PCIの一部に関連づけられ、UEが利用する(利用可能な)サービングセル及び非サービングセルにのみ設定されてもよい。新しいIDは、PCIよりもビット数を削減することができる。
(3-3)CSI報告設定ID(CSI-ReportConfigId)(CSI-ReportConfigが1つ又は複数の非サービングセルに対応する場合)。
(3-4)CSIリソース設定ID(CSI-ResourceConfigId)(CSI-ResourceConfigIdが1つ又は複数の非サービングセルに対応する場合)。
(3-5)各非サービングセルのアクティブ化/非アクティブ化を示すビットマップ。ビットマップのサイズ(ビット数)は、このCC上で設定された非サービングセルの数と同じであってもよい。例えば、3つの非サービングセルのうち、2番目の非サービングセルをアクティブ化する場合、「010」が設定される。
UEは、既存のMAC CEに新しい1ビットのフィールド「C」を追加したMAC CEを受信してもよい。当該フィールドは、サービングセルの変更を行うかどうかを示す。UEは、当該MAC CEを受信し、当該フィールドに基づいて、サービングセルを他のセルに変更するかを判断してもよい。
オプション2-2におけるMAC CEに対して、さらに、サービングセルインデックス/PCI/その他のID(上述のオプション2-1の新しいIDなど)を示すフィールド、ターゲットセル(変更後のサービングセル)のTCI状態/SSB/CSI-RSのフィールドを、MAC CEに含めてもよい。
図6は、サービングセルスイッチ例1を示す図である。例えば、MCG/SCGのサービングセルSpCell#0において、L1/L2シグナリングにより、候補セル#0-2にサービングセルを変更することが指示された場合、候補セル#0-2が新たなサービングセルSpCell#0となる。また、例えば、MCG/SCGのサービングセルSCell#2において、L1/L2シグナリングにより、候補セル#2-1にサービングセルを変更することが指示された場合、候補セル#2-1が新たなサービングセルSCell#2となる。
RRC/MAC CEは、セルグループ、バンド、FR、UEごとにグローバル候補セルID(cell#3,...,8)を設定してもよい。UEは、サービングセルのスイッチを、当該グローバル候補セルIDにより指示されてもよい。
RRC/MAC CEは、セルグループを設定してもよい。UEは、サービングセルスイッチを、セルグループのスイッチに基づいて実施してもよい。
図9は、L1L2-triggered mobility(LTM)のタイムラインを示す図である。LTM、L1/L2セル間モビリティは、互いに読み替えられてもよい。
複数のTRPを利用する場合にはUEと各TRP間との距離がそれぞれ異なるケースも生じる。複数のTRPは、同じセル(例えば、サービングセル)に含まれてもよい。あるいは、複数のTRPのうち、あるTRPがサービングセルに相当し、他のTRPが非サービングセルに相当してもよい。この場合、各TRPとUE間の距離が異なることも想定される。
図10は、RARモニタリングを用いる、PDCCHオーダによるRACH(PDCCH ordered RACH)の一例を示す図である。なお、本開示において、ソースセル、ソースセルグループは、互いに読み替えられてもよい。また、候補セル、候補セルグループは、互いに読み替えられてもよい。
図12は、UEベースのTA測定の一例を示す図である。ソースセルは、候補セルの設定に関する情報(例えば、候補セル設定情報)をUEに送信してもよい。そして、UEは、TA測定において設定する候補セルを決定する。そして、UEは、UEベースのTA測定をトリガー/付与するシグナリング(例えば、MAC CE/DCI)を受信する。UEは、ソースセルおよび候補セルから、異なるタイミングにおいてDL信号を受信する。
図13は、各候補セルに対するPRACH送信の例を示す図である。図10,11でも説明したように、UEは、候補セルの設定に関する情報、およびPDCCHオーダを受信後に候補セルにPRACHを送信する。このPDCCHオーダにおいて、候補セルが複数設定されたとする。この場合、UEは、設定された各候補セルに対してPRACHを送信することが考えられる。例えば、UEは、cell#1、#2、#3のそれぞれにPRACHを送信する。なお、UEは、図10のように、PRACH後にRARを受信してもよいし、図11のようにPRACH後にRARを受信しなくてもよい。RARの受信有無は、RRCシグナリングによりUEに予め設定されていてもよい。
本開示において、「A/B」及び「A及びBの少なくとも一方」は、互いに読み替えられてもよい。また、本開示において、「A/B/C」は、「A、B及びCの少なくとも1つ」を意味してもよい。
本開示では、UEが、各候補セルに対するPRACH送信に関する、候補セル/PRACH毎に別々の情報(指示/パラメータ)を含む1つのPDCCHオーダ(DCI)(例えば、図14)を受信し、そのPDCCHオーダに基づいて、その複数の候補セルのそれぞれに対するPRACH送信を制御することを前提としてもよい。コンテンションベースのランダムアクセスと同様に、少なくとも1つの指示(パラメータ)は、UEにより選択されてもよい。本実施形態における候補セルは、PDCCHオーダにおいて設定/指示された候補セルであってもよい。候補セルは、上位レイヤシグナリング(例えばRRC/MAC CE)により予め設定/指示されてもよい。
実施形態1.1(オプション1~7)は、PDCCHオーダにおける、各候補セル(例えば複数の候補セル)に対するPRACH送信に関する情報の少なくとも一部が、複数の候補セル/PRACH送信において同じであることを前提としてもよい。PRACH送信に関する情報は、例えば、ランダムアクセルプリアンブルインデックス、SS/PBCHインデックス、PRACHマスクインデックス、PRACHが初期送信か再送かを示す情報を含んでもよい。
UEは、上記前提(PDCCHオーダにおいて、各候補セルに対するPRACHに関する情報の少なくとも一部が同じであること)を想定しない。
UEは、複数の候補セルに対して1つの(同じ)PRACHを送信する。例えば、FR1が適用された場合、または、PDCCHオーダ内のSS/PBCHインデックス、ランダムアクセルプリアンブルインデックス、PRACHマスクインデックスの少なくとも1つが、各候補セルのPRACH送信間で同じである場合に、このオプションが適用されてもよい。この場合、1つのPRACHを複数のセルに送信可能になるためである。
オプション2-1:同じ(1つの)候補セル/コンポーネントキャリア(CC)/周波数/候補セルグループ。
オプション2-2:同じ(1つの)バンド。
オプション2-3:同じ(1つの)CCリスト(RRCにより設定された場合)。
PDCCHオーダにおいて指示された候補セル数が、UEが送信したUE能力情報において示されるPRACHの同時送信数(最大同時送信数)以下である場合、UEは、各候補セルに対して同時にPRACHを送信してもよい。
各候補セルのPRACHのRACHオケージョン(RO)が異なる場合、UEは、各候補セルのPRACHを、対応する各ROにおいて送信する。例えば、各候補セルのPRACHの少なくとも1つのROが異なり、同じROのPRACHの数が、UE能力情報において示されるPRACHの同時送信数(最大同時送信数)以下である場合、UEは、各候補セルに対して同時にPRACHを送信してもよい。
UEは、DCI/MAC CE/RRCにより指示/設定された、または仕様において予め定義された、またはUEの実装に基づいて決定された、特定の候補セルに対するPRACH送信を優先してもよい。つまり、UEは、設定/指示/定義された、候補セル/PRACHの優先度に基づいて、送信するPRACH(送信先の候補セル)を決定してもよい。優先度が、候補セルグループ毎に設定/指示/定義されてもよい。
オプション5’-1:UEは、現在のScell(アクティブなScell)である候補セルのPRACHを優先的に送信する。
各候補セルのPRACHのRACHオケージョン(RO)が異なる場合、UEは、各候補セルのPRACHを、対応する各ROにおいて送信する。
UEは、DCI/MAC CE/RRCにより指示/設定された、または仕様において予め定義された、特定の候補セルに対するPRACHを優先的に送信してもよい。つまり、UEは、設定/指示/定義された、候補セル/PRACHの優先度に基づいて、送信するPRACH(送信先の候補セル)を決定してもよい。優先度が、候補セルグループ毎に設定/指示/定義されてもよい。
実施形態1.2(オプション8~13)は、PDCCHオーダにおける、各候補セル(例えば複数の候補セル)に対するPRACH送信に関する情報の全てが、候補セル/PRACH毎に異なることを前提としてもよい。PRACH送信に関する情報は、例えば、ランダムアクセルプリアンブルインデックス、SS/PBCHインデックス、PRACHマスクインデックス、PRACHが初期送信か再送かを示す情報を含んでもよい。
UEは、上記前提(PDCCHオーダにおける、各候補セルに対するPRACH送信に関する情報の全てが異なること)を想定しない。
PDCCHオーダにおいて指示された候補セルの数が、UEが送信したUE能力情報において示されるPRACHの同時送信数(最大同時送信数)以下である場合、UEは、各候補セルに対して同時にPRACHを送信してもよい。
UEは、各候補セルのPRACHを、対応する各ROにおいて送信する。なお、オプション10は、PDCCHオーダにおける、各候補セルのPRACH送信に関する情報の全てが異なることを前提とするため、各候補セルのROも異なっている。
UEは、DCI/MAC CE/RRCにより指示/設定された、または仕様/UEの実装において予め定義された、特定の候補セルに対するPRACH送信を優先してもよい。つまり、UEは、設定/指示/定義された、候補セル/PRACHの優先度に基づいて、送信するPRACH(送信先の候補セル)を決定してもよい。優先度が、候補セルグループ毎に設定/指示/定義されてもよい。
UEは、各候補セルのPRACHを、対応する各ROにおいて送信する。なお、オプション10は、PDCCHオーダにおける、各候補セルのPRACH送信に関する情報の全てが異なることを前提とするため、各候補セルのROも異なっている。
UEは、DCI/MAC CE/RRCにより指示/設定された、または仕様において予め定義された、特定の候補セルに対するPRACHを優先的に送信してもよい。つまり、UEは、設定/指示/定義された、候補セル/PRACHの優先度に基づいて、送信するPRACH(送信先の候補セル)を決定してもよい。優先度が、候補セルグループ毎に設定/指示/定義されてもよい。
本開示におけるバリエーションを説明する、以下のバリエーションは、実施形態1.1と実施形態1.2の少なくとも1つと組み合わされてもよい。
[UEへの情報の通知]
上述の実施形態における(ネットワーク(Network(NW))(例えば、基地局(Base Station(BS)))から)UEへの任意の情報の通知(言い換えると、UEにおけるBSからの任意の情報の受信)は、物理レイヤシグナリング(例えば、DCI)、上位レイヤシグナリング(例えば、RRCシグナリング、MAC CE)、特定の信号/チャネル(例えば、PDCCH、PDSCH、参照信号)、又はこれらの組み合わせを用いて行われてもよい。
上述の実施形態におけるUEから(NWへ)の任意の情報の通知(言い換えると、UEにおけるBSへの任意の情報の送信/報告)は、物理レイヤシグナリング(例えば、UCI)、上位レイヤシグナリング(例えば、RRCシグナリング、MAC CE)、特定の信号/チャネル(例えば、PUCCH、PUSCH、PRACH、参照信号)、又はこれらの組み合わせを用いて行われてもよい。
上述の実施形態の少なくとも1つは、特定の条件を満たす場合に適用されてもよい。当該特定の条件は、規格において規定されてもよいし、上位レイヤシグナリング/物理レイヤシグナリングを用いてUE/BSに通知されてもよい。
・上記実施形態の少なくとも1つについての特定の処理/動作/制御/情報をサポートすること、
・PRACHの同時送信数(最大同時送信数)、
・サポートする候補セルの数、
・サポートする候補セルグループの数。
本開示の一実施形態に関して、以下の発明を付記する。
[付記1]
複数の候補セルに対するPhysical Random Access Channel(PRACH)送信に関する情報を含むPhysical Downlink Control Channel(PDCCH)オーダを受信する受信部と、
前記複数の候補セルのそれぞれに対する前記PRACHの送信を制御する制御部と、
を有する端末。
[付記2]
前記PDCCHオーダにおける、前記情報の少なくとも一部が、複数のPRACH送信において同じである場合、前記複数の候補セルに対して同じPRACHを送信する送信部をさらに有する
付記1に記載の端末。
[付記3]
前記複数の候補セルの数が、端末が送信した能力情報において示される前記PRACHの同時送信数以下である場合、各候補セルに対して同時に前記PRACHを送信する送信部をさらに有する、
付記1又は付記2に記載の端末。
[付記4]
前記複数の候補セルの数が、端末が送信した能力情報において示される前記PRACHの同時送信数より大きい場合、前記制御部は、前記候補セルまたは前記PRACHの優先度に基づいて、送信するPRACHを決定する
付記1から付記3のいずれかに記載の端末。
以下、本開示の一実施形態に係る無線通信システムの構成について説明する。この無線通信システムでは、本開示の上記各実施形態に係る無線通信方法のいずれか又はこれらの組み合わせを用いて通信が行われる。
図16は、一実施形態に係る基地局の構成の一例を示す図である。基地局10は、制御部110、送受信部120、送受信アンテナ130及び伝送路インターフェース(transmission line interface)140を備えている。なお、制御部110、送受信部120及び送受信アンテナ130及び伝送路インターフェース140は、それぞれ1つ以上が備えられてもよい。
図17は、一実施形態に係るユーザ端末の構成の一例を示す図である。ユーザ端末20は、制御部210、送受信部220及び送受信アンテナ230を備えている。なお、制御部210、送受信部220及び送受信アンテナ230は、それぞれ1つ以上が備えられてもよい。
なお、上記実施形態の説明に用いたブロック図は、機能単位のブロックを示している。これらの機能ブロック(構成部)は、ハードウェア及びソフトウェアの少なくとも一方の任意の組み合わせによって実現される。また、各機能ブロックの実現方法は特に限定されない。すなわち、各機能ブロックは、物理的又は論理的に結合した1つの装置を用いて実現されてもよいし、物理的又は論理的に分離した2つ以上の装置を直接的又は間接的に(例えば、有線、無線などを用いて)接続し、これら複数の装置を用いて実現されてもよい。機能ブロックは、上記1つの装置又は上記複数の装置にソフトウェアを組み合わせて実現されてもよい。
なお、本開示において説明した用語及び本開示の理解に必要な用語については、同一の又は類似する意味を有する用語と置き換えてもよい。例えば、チャネル、シンボル及び信号(シグナル又はシグナリング)は、互いに読み替えられてもよい。また、信号はメッセージであってもよい。参照信号(reference signal)は、RSと略称することもでき、適用される標準によってパイロット(Pilot)、パイロット信号などと呼ばれてもよい。また、コンポーネントキャリア(Component Carrier(CC))は、セル、周波数キャリア、キャリア周波数などと呼ばれてもよい。
Claims (6)
- 複数の候補セルに対するPhysical Random Access Channel(PRACH)送信に関する情報を含むPhysical Downlink Control Channel(PDCCH)オーダを受信する受信部と、
前記複数の候補セルのそれぞれに対する前記PRACHの送信を制御する制御部と、
を有する端末。 - 前記PDCCHオーダにおける、前記情報の少なくとも一部が、複数のPRACH送信において同じである場合、前記複数の候補セルに対して同じPRACHを送信する送信部をさらに有する
請求項1に記載の端末。 - 前記複数の候補セルの数が、端末が送信した能力情報において示される前記PRACHの同時送信数以下である場合、各候補セルに対して同時に前記PRACHを送信する送信部をさらに有する、
請求項1に記載の端末。 - 前記複数の候補セルの数が、端末が送信した能力情報において示される前記PRACHの同時送信数より大きい場合、前記制御部は、前記候補セルまたは前記PRACHの優先度に基づいて、送信するPRACHを決定する
請求項1に記載の端末。 - 複数の候補セルに対するPhysical Random Access Channel(PRACH)送信に関する情報を含むPhysical Downlink Control Channel(PDCCH)オーダを受信する工程と、
前記複数の候補セルのそれぞれに対する前記PRACHの送信を制御する工程と、
を有する端末の無線通信方法。 - 複数の候補セルに対するPhysical Random Access Channel(PRACH)送信に関する情報を含むPhysical Downlink Control Channel(PDCCH)オーダを送信する送信部と、
前記複数の候補セルのそれぞれに対する前記PRACHの受信を制御する制御部と、
を有する基地局。
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| Title |
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| "Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTR_AN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8", 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0, April 2010 (2010-04-01) |
| BO GAO, ZTE: "Enhancements on TA management to reduce latency", 3GPP DRAFT; R1-2210943; TYPE DISCUSSION; NR_MOB_ENH2-CORE, 3RD GENERATION PARTNERSHIP PROJECT (3GPP), MOBILE COMPETENCE CENTRE ; 650, ROUTE DES LUCIOLES ; F-06921 SOPHIA-ANTIPOLIS CEDEX ; FRANCE, vol. RAN WG1, no. Toulouse, FR; 20221114 - 20221118, 7 November 2022 (2022-11-07), Mobile Competence Centre ; 650, route des Lucioles ; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex ; France, XP052221507 * |
| SIYOUNG CHOI, LG ELECTRONICS: "Remaining issues of LTM execution procedure", 3GPP DRAFT; R2-2301501; TYPE DISCUSSION; NR_MOB_ENH2-CORE, 3RD GENERATION PARTNERSHIP PROJECT (3GPP), MOBILE COMPETENCE CENTRE ; 650, ROUTE DES LUCIOLES ; F-06921 SOPHIA-ANTIPOLIS CEDEX ; FRANCE, vol. RAN WG2, no. Athens, GR; 20230227 - 20230303, 17 February 2023 (2023-02-17), Mobile Competence Centre ; 650, route des Lucioles ; F-06921 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex ; France, XP052246135 * |
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