WO2024255685A1 - 数据传输方法、装置及通信设备 - Google Patents

数据传输方法、装置及通信设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024255685A1
WO2024255685A1 PCT/CN2024/097884 CN2024097884W WO2024255685A1 WO 2024255685 A1 WO2024255685 A1 WO 2024255685A1 CN 2024097884 W CN2024097884 W CN 2024097884W WO 2024255685 A1 WO2024255685 A1 WO 2024255685A1
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Prior art keywords
data
node
data transmission
request
transmission
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PCT/CN2024/097884
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
袁雁南
刘健康
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Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0006—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission format
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0015—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the adaptation strategy
    • H04L1/0017—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the adaptation strategy where the mode-switching is based on Quality of Service requirement

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to a data transmission method, device and communication equipment.
  • control plane In the communication system, the control plane is responsible for transmitting and processing system coordination signaling.
  • data transmission between the terminal and the radio access network function or the core network function during the minimization of drive tests (MDT), quality of experience (QoE) or positioning process is based on the control plane bearer (such as signaling radio bearer (SRB)), which has poor flexibility in data transmission.
  • MDT minimization of drive tests
  • QoE quality of experience
  • SRB signaling radio bearer
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method, apparatus and communication equipment, which can solve the problem of poor flexibility in data transmission.
  • a data transmission method comprising:
  • the first node sends first indication information to the data providing node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.
  • a data transmission method comprising:
  • the second node receives a first request sent by the first node, where the first request is used to request to determine a data transmission mode;
  • the second node sends a first response to the first node according to the first request.
  • a data transmission method including:
  • the data providing node receives first indication information sent by the first node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.
  • a data transmission device in a fourth aspect, includes the data transmission device, including:
  • the first sending module is used to send first indication information to the data providing node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.
  • a data transmission device where the second node includes the data transmission device, including:
  • a fourth receiving module configured to receive a first request sent by a first node, wherein the first request is used to request to determine a data transmission mode
  • a third sending module is configured to send a first response to the first node according to the first request.
  • a data transmission device wherein a data providing node includes the data transmission device, including:
  • the fifth receiving module is used to receive first indication information sent by the first node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.
  • a communication device which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect, the second aspect, or the third aspect are implemented.
  • a communication device is provided.
  • the communication device is a first node, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to: send first indication information to a data providing node, and the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission method.
  • a communication device which is a second node, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to: receive a first request sent by a first node, the first request is used to request to determine a data transmission method; and send a first response to the first node according to the first request.
  • a communication device which is a data providing node, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to: receive first indication information sent by a first node, and the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission method.
  • a data transmission system including: a first node, a second node and a data providing node, wherein the first node can be used to execute the steps of the method described in the first aspect, the second node can be used to execute the steps of the method described in the second aspect, and the data providing node can be used to execute the steps of the method described in the third aspect.
  • a readable storage medium on which a program or instruction is stored.
  • the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented, or the steps of the method described in the second aspect are implemented, or the steps of the method described in the third aspect are implemented.
  • a chip comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run a program or instructions to implement the method described in the first aspect, or the method described in the second aspect, or the steps of the method described in the third aspect.
  • a computer program/program product is provided, wherein the computer program/program product is stored in a storage medium, and the computer program/program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or the steps of the method described in the second aspect, or the steps of the method described in the third aspect.
  • the first node sends first indication information to the data providing node, and the first indication information is used to indicate the data transmission method.
  • the transmission method of data transmission indicated by the first indication information is supported, avoiding the data being solely carried by the control plane for transmission, and improving the flexibility of data transmission.
  • FIG1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which an embodiment of the present application can be applied;
  • FIG2 is a flowchart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a user plane protocol stack (User Plane Protocol Stack) in the related art
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a control plane protocol stack (Control Plane Protocol Stack) in the related art
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a positioning protocol stack between a UE and an LMF in the related art
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a positioning protocol stack between NG RAN and LMF in the related art
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a data plane provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a data plane protocol architecture terminated in a wireless access network provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a data plane protocol architecture of a UE, a wireless access network and a core network provided in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a protocol layer structure provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG11 is a second flowchart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG12 is a flowchart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG14 is a second structural diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG15 is a third structural diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG18 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a network side device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a second schematic diagram of the structure of a network side device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • first, second, etc. of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by “first” and “second” are generally of one type, and the number of objects is not limited, for example, the first object can be one or more.
  • “or” in the present application represents at least one of the connected objects.
  • “A or B” covers three schemes, namely, Scheme 1: including A but not including B; Scheme 2: including B but not including A; Scheme 3: including both A and B.
  • the character "/" generally indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or” relationship.
  • indication in this application can be a direct indication (or explicit indication) or an indirect indication (or implicit indication).
  • a direct indication can be understood as the sender explicitly informing the receiver of specific information, operations to be performed, or request results in the sent indication;
  • an indirect indication can be understood as the receiver determining the corresponding information according to the indication sent by the sender, or making a judgment and determining the operation to be performed or the request result according to the judgment result.
  • LTE-Advanced Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A LTE/LTE evolution
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • SC-FDMA Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access
  • NR New Radio
  • 6G 6th Generation
  • FIG1 shows a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network side device 12.
  • the terminal 11 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Tablet Personal Computer), a laptop computer (Laptop Computer), a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA), a handheld computer, a netbook, an ultra-mobile personal computer (Ultra-mobile Personal Computer, UMPC), a mobile Internet device (Mobile Internet Device, MID), an augmented reality (Augmented Reality, AR), a virtual reality (Virtual Reality, VR) device, a robot, a wearable device (Wearable Device), an aircraft (flight vehicle), a vehicle user equipment (VUE), a shipborne equipment, a pedestrian terminal (Pedestrian User Equipment, PUE), a smart home (a home appliance with wireless communication function, such as a refrigerator, a television, a washing machine or furniture, etc.), a game console, a personal computer
  • the vehicle-mounted device can also be called a vehicle-mounted terminal, a vehicle-mounted controller, a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip or a vehicle-mounted unit, etc.
  • a chip in the terminal such as a modem chip, a system-on-chip (SoC).
  • SoC system-on-chip
  • the network side device 12 may include an access network device or a core network device, wherein the access network device may also be referred to as a radio access network (RAN) device, a radio access network function or a radio access network unit.
  • the access network device may include a base station, a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AS) or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) node, etc.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • AS wireless local area network
  • WiFi wireless fidelity
  • the base station may be referred to as a Node B (NB), an evolved Node B (eNB), a next generation Node B (gNB), a New Radio Node B (NR Node B), an access point, a Relay Base Station (RBS), a Serving Base Station (SBS), a Base Transceiver Station (BTS), a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a Basic Service Set (BSS), an Extended Service Set (ESS), a Home Node B (HNB), a Home Evolved Node B, a Transmission Reception Point (TRP) or other appropriate terms in the field.
  • NB Node B
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • gNB next generation Node B
  • NR Node B New Radio Node B
  • an access point a Relay Base Station
  • SBS Serving Base Station
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • a radio base station a radio transceiver
  • BSS Basic Service Set
  • ESS Extended Service Set
  • HNB Home No
  • the core network equipment may include but is not limited to at least one of the following: core network nodes, core network functions, mobility management entity (Mobility Management Entity, MME), access mobility management function (Access and Mobility Management Function, AMF), session management function (Session Management Function, SMF), user plane function (User Plane Function, UPF), policy control function (Policy Control Function, PCF), policy and charging rules function unit (Policy and Charging Rules Function, PCRF), edge application service discovery function (Edge Application Server Discovery ...
  • MME mobility management entity
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
  • SMF Session Management Function
  • SMF Session Management Function
  • UPF User Plane Function
  • Policy Control Function Policy Control Function
  • PCRF Policy and Charging Rules Function
  • edge application service discovery function Edge Application Server Discovery ...
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2 , the data transmission method includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 A first node sends first indication information to a data providing node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.
  • the data transmission mode may include: carrying data based on the data plane, carrying data based on the data carrying mode, carrying data based on the user plane, carrying data based on the protocol data unit (PDU) session mode, or carrying data based on the control plane, etc.
  • PDU protocol data unit
  • the data transmission mode can be a data carrying mode for data transmission.
  • the first indication information can be used to indicate the data carrying mode for data transmission.
  • the first node may receive data sent by the data providing node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information.
  • the first node when the data providing node supports the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information, the first node receives data sent by the data providing node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information.
  • the first node sends a first request to the second node, the first request is used to request to determine the data transmission mode, and the first node receives a first response sent by the second node according to the first request, wherein the first indication information is determined based on the first response, so that the first node, the second node and the data providing node cooperate to realize data transmission; or, the first node can determine the transmission mode of data transmission by the data providing node according to the data transmission mode supported by the data providing node; or, the first node can also determine the transmission mode of data transmission by the data providing node considering the network environment; and so on, this embodiment does not limit this.
  • the first indication information can be used to indicate the transmission method of data transmission, which may include positioning data transmission, perception data transmission, computing data transmission, or artificial intelligence (AI) data transmission, etc., thereby realizing the transmission requirements of positioning, perception, computing and AI data.
  • data transmission may include positioning data transmission, perception data transmission, computing data transmission, or artificial intelligence (AI) data transmission, etc.
  • the positioning data includes assistance data, location information, positioning measurement, etc. provided or received by user equipment (UE) and/or base station, such as Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) assistance data, sensor assistance data, WLAN assistance data, GNSS location information, Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) location information, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), etc. in positioning protocols such as NR protocol TS37.355 and 38.455.
  • GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
  • TDOA Time Difference of Arrival
  • RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
  • RSRQ Reference Signal Received Quality
  • the perception data includes auxiliary data, perception results, perception measurements, etc.
  • the auxiliary data includes location information, sensor (such as camera, gyroscope, etc.) auxiliary data, etc.;
  • the perception results include speed, distance, angle, rainfall, intrusion, breathing times, etc.;
  • the perception measurement results include the complex results of the signal received by the UE and/or the base station or its channel response, such as amplitude/phase, I path/Q path and related operation results;
  • the perception measurement results also include measurement data obtained based on the processing of the received signal or original channel information, such as delay, Doppler, angle, intensity, and multi-dimensional combination representation thereof.
  • the computing data includes auxiliary data, input data of computing services, output data of computing services, etc.
  • the auxiliary data includes computing service information (used to indicate what service or service identifier is provided, such as rendering service, AI reasoning service, etc.), computing load information (used to indicate computing load status, such as rendering service load 30%, central processing unit (CPU) utilization, etc.); computing service input/output data is the input/output information of the requested computing service, such as the input data of the rendering service is the description file of audio and video, and the output data is a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image.
  • computing service information used to indicate what service or service identifier is provided, such as rendering service, AI reasoning service, etc.
  • computing load information used to indicate computing load status, such as rendering service load 30%, central processing unit (CPU) utilization, etc.
  • computing service input/output data is the input/output information of the requested computing service, such as the input data of the rendering service is the description file of audio and video, and the output data is a two-dimensional or three-
  • the AI data includes AI model training data, AI model data, etc., wherein AI model training data refers to data used to train the AI model; AI model data refers to the AI model itself, including model structure, parameters, etc.
  • the data providing node can be a terminal, and the first node is a core network function; or the data providing node can be a terminal, and the first node is a wireless access network function; or the data providing node is a base station, and the first node is a core network function; or the data providing node is a base station, and the first node is a terminal; the data providing node is a terminal, and the first node is a wireless access network function; and so on; the data providing node and the first node can be flexibly set according to demand, so as to flexibly support data termination in the wireless access network, core network or terminal according to demand.
  • the first indication information may be transmission mode indication information
  • the first node sends the transmission mode indication information to the data providing function
  • the data providing function may be a user equipment (UE) and/or a base station
  • the data providing function sends data to the first node based on the indicated transmission mode; wherein the transmission mode includes based on the data plane or data bearer, or based on the user plane or PDU session bearer.
  • the first node sends a first request to the second node, and the second node (such as the data plane control function) sends a request based on the first request.
  • a first response is given to the first node, the first response at least including acceptance of the first request and a data plane bearer identifier.
  • the UE and the first node perform capability interaction, the capability at least including the capability of positioning, sensing, calculating, or AI data transmission or reporting based on the data plane or data bearer, or the capability of positioning, sensing, calculating, or AI data transmission or reporting based on the user plane or PDU session.
  • the base station and the second node perform Nx interface establishment interaction.
  • the terminal data collection configuration and reporting such as MDT, QoE and positioning are all based on the control plane bearer (such as Signaling Radio Bearer (SRB)), and the related configuration information and data reporting are all based on the control plane bearer transmission.
  • SRB Signaling Radio Bearer
  • the control plane bearer such as Signaling Radio Bearer (SRB)
  • the related configuration information and data reporting are all based on the control plane bearer transmission.
  • the control plane bearer such as Signaling Radio Bearer (SRB)
  • SRB Signaling Radio Bearer
  • the user plane-based positioning or perception data transmission is explored. If the user plane-based solutions are defined for positioning, perception, computing or AI (such as AI training data, AI model data), multiple protocol stacks may be generated, resulting in complex network and terminal functions.
  • the termination point of the user plane is the application function after the UE and the user plane function (UPF)
  • the user plane-based solution cannot support data termination at the wireless access network node.
  • the future 6G protocol design needs to consider the formation of a unified and flexible solution from the architecture and protocol to meet the potential network internal data collection and transmission needs.
  • the first node sends first indication information to the data providing node, and the first indication information is used to indicate the data transmission method.
  • the transmission method of data transmission indicated by the first indication information is supported, avoiding the data being solely carried by the control plane for transmission, and improving the flexibility of data transmission.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first node receives data sent by the data providing node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information.
  • the first node when the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information includes data bearing based on the data plane, the first node receives the data sent by the data providing node based on the data plane bearing; when the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information includes data bearing based on the data bearing mode, the first node receives the data sent by the data providing node based on the data bearing mode; when the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information includes data bearing based on the user plane, the first node receives the data sent by the data providing node based on the user plane bearing; when the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information includes data bearing based on the PDU session mode, the first node receives the data sent by the data providing node based on the PDU session mode; when the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information includes data bearing based on the control plane, the first node receives the data sent by the data providing node based on the control plane bearing.
  • the first node receives data sent by the data providing node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information, so that the data providing node can flexibly transmit data to the first node based on the first indication information.
  • the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:
  • Protocol Data is carried based on the protocol data unit (PDU) session mode.
  • PDU protocol data unit
  • the PDU session mode is a bearer mode under the user plane
  • the data bearer mode is a bearer mode under the data plane.
  • the data bearer mode can be described in other ways, and all bearer modes under the data plane can be used as data bearer modes.
  • the data transmission method may also include data bearing based on the control plane.
  • the user plane is composed of the service data adaptation protocol (Service Data Adaptation Protocol, SDAP), the packet data convergence protocol (Packet Data Convergence Protocol, PDCP), the radio link control (Radio Link Control, RLC), the medium access control (Medium Access Control, MAC) and the physical layer (Physical, PHY), as shown in FIG4
  • the control plane is composed of the radio resource control (Radio Resource Control, RRC), PDCP, RLC, MAC and PHY.
  • Figures 5 and 6 the positioning protocol stack applicable to the positioning scenario is shown in Figures 5 and 6, where Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the positioning protocol stack between the UE and the location management function (LMF), and Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the positioning protocol stack between the NG RAN and the LMF.
  • LMF location management function
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the positioning protocol stack between the NG RAN and the LMF.
  • the data plane consists of the core network data plane function, the wireless access network data plane function and the UE data plane function, and has end-to-end connectivity.
  • the data plane is responsible for data control, including data collection coordination, data collection configuration and data transmission configuration.
  • the data plane is also responsible for data collection, data transmission, data preprocessing, data privacy security, data analysis, data storage and data services.
  • a schematic diagram of a data plane protocol architecture that terminates in a wireless access network is shown in Figure 8.
  • a schematic diagram of a data plane protocol architecture for a UE, wireless access network and core network is shown in Figure 9.
  • the new protocol layer architecture introduced is not only applicable to positioning scenarios, but also to self-organized network (SON)/MDT, perception and AI scenarios.
  • SON self-organized network
  • the new protocol layer introduced can be called Data Plane Adaptation Protocol (DPAP) for the convenience of description.
  • DPAP Data Plane Adaptation Protocol
  • This protocol layer is used to transmit data on the data plane.
  • This protocol layer can also be used to generate data on the data plane, such as signaling data on the data plane.
  • the method before the first node sends the first indication information to the data providing node, the method further includes:
  • the first node sends a first request to the second node, where the first request is used to request to determine a data transmission mode
  • the first node receives a first response sent by the second node according to the first request; wherein the first indication information is determined based on the first response.
  • the first node determines the first indication information according to the bearer identifier included in the first response; or, when the first response indicates rejection of the first request, the first node determines that the data transmission method indicated by the first indication information is based on control plane bearer data.
  • the data providing node defaults to sending data using the method in the relevant technology.
  • the first node when the first response indicates acceptance of the first request, the first node may determine the first indication information according to the first response.
  • the first response may include a data plane bearer identifier, and the data transmission method indicated by the first indication information may be based on data plane bearing data or based on data bearing method bearing data, and the first indication information may carry the data plane bearer identifier; or, the first response may include a PDU session identifier, and the data transmission method indicated by the first indication information may be based on user plane bearing data or based on PDU session method bearing data, and the first indication information may carry the PDU session identifier.
  • the first node sends a first request to the second node, the first request is used to request to determine the data transmission mode; the first node receives a first response sent by the second node according to the first request; wherein the first indication information is determined based on the first response.
  • the transmission mode of data transmission from the data providing node to the first node is determined through the interaction between the first node and the second node, so that the first node, the second node and the data providing node cooperate to realize data transmission.
  • the first request includes at least one of the following:
  • the data transmission request may be a request related to data transmission.
  • the second node may perform a data transmission configuration operation: wherein the data transmission configuration operation includes at least one of the following: establishing a data transmission channel; modifying a data transmission channel; releasing a data transmission channel; and data transmission quality of service (QoS) management.
  • the data transmission configuration operation includes at least one of the following: establishing a data transmission channel; modifying a data transmission channel; releasing a data transmission channel; and data transmission quality of service (QoS) management.
  • QoS quality of service
  • the control request may be a control-related request, for example, a control signaling-related request.
  • the second node may perform at least one of the following operations: determining a data providing node; performing data collection coordination configuration; performing data reporting configuration; and performing data processing configuration.
  • the executing data collection coordination configuration includes at least one of the following: determining whether the data required by the first node is available based on the first request or data subscription information; determining a data providing node that can provide the data required by the first node; sending a data collection configuration to the first node; or
  • the performing of data reporting configuration includes configuring data packet encapsulation of data provided by the data providing node; or
  • the executing data processing configuration includes performing data processing configuration on a data processing node.
  • the data processing node may be at least one of a data transmission node, a data receiving node and a third node.
  • the third node may be a UE or a network function node other than a data transmission node and a data receiving node in data transmission.
  • the data processing node is a data transmission node that transmits the data
  • the data transmission and processing method may also be referred to as path-associated computing.
  • the configuration of the data packet encapsulation of the data provided by the data providing node includes: configuring at least one of the following items for the data packet encapsulation of the data provided by the data providing node: the length of the data packet; the distribution characteristics of the length of the data packet; the time interval of the data packet; the distribution characteristics of the time interval of the data packet transmission; whether the data is encrypted by the data providing node; No The data is scrambled by the data providing node.
  • the first request when the first request includes a data transmission request, the first request carries at least one of the following:
  • the second indication information is used to indicate whether the data feature is known or unknown, and the data feature includes at least one of the following: the length of the data packet; the distribution feature of the length of the data packet; the time interval of the data packet; the distribution feature of the time interval of sending the data packet;
  • the third indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: whether data transmission needs to be encrypted or decrypted; whether data transmission needs integrity protection; and the quality of service QoS requirement for data transmission;
  • Fourth indication information used to indicate control information of data transmission, the control information includes at least one of the following: data item required for data transmission; data providing node identifier; data providing node requirement;
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate a transmission type of data transmission, where the transmission type of data transmission includes at least one of the following: transparent transmission; non-transparent transmission;
  • the sixth indication information is used to indicate the transmission data type.
  • the transmission type of transparent transmission means that the data required by the first node is transmitted only through the data plane, and the data plane does not parse the data required by the first node.
  • the transmission type of non-transparent transmission means that the data plane is responsible for at least one of determining the data providing node, data collection configuration, data reporting configuration and data processing configuration in addition to being responsible for the transmission of the data required by the first node.
  • the transmission data type includes at least one of the following:
  • the transmission data type includes at least one of the following: positioning data; perception data; computing data; artificial intelligence AI data. Therefore, the data transmission method of the embodiment of the present application can be compatible with the transmission requirements of positioning, perception, computing and AI data, without the need to define a separate protocol for each type of data, which can reduce protocol complexity and save signaling overhead.
  • the first response includes at least one of the following:
  • seventh indication information where the seventh indication information is used to indicate acceptance or rejection of the first request
  • the data plane carries the identifier
  • the method before the first node sends the first indication information to the data providing node, the method further includes:
  • the first node receives the capability reporting information sent by the data providing node
  • the capability reporting information is used to indicate at least one of the following:
  • the first node receives capability reporting information sent by the data providing node; wherein the capability reporting information is used to indicate at least one of the following: support or non-support of data bearing based on the data plane; support or non-support of Support data bearing based on data bearing mode; support or not support data bearing based on user plane; support or not support data bearing based on PDU session mode.
  • the first node can determine the data transmission mode considering the capability reporting information sent by the data providing node.
  • the data providing node is a terminal, and the first node and the second node are both core network functions; or
  • the data providing node is a terminal, and the first node and the second node are both wireless access network functions; or
  • the data providing node is a base station, and the first node and the second node are both core network functions; or
  • the data providing node is a base station, and the first node is a terminal;
  • the data providing node is a terminal, the first node is a core network function, and the second node is a radio access network function;
  • the data providing node is a terminal, the first node is a wireless access network function, and the second node is a core network function.
  • the data providing node, the first node and the second node can be flexibly configured according to requirements, so as to flexibly support data termination in the wireless access network, the core network or the UE according to requirements.
  • the data transmission method can be applied to a data transmission system, which includes a first node (also referred to as a first function), a second node (also referred to as a second function) and a data providing node (also referred to as a data providing function).
  • a first node also referred to as a first function
  • a second node also referred to as a second function
  • a data providing node also referred to as a data providing function
  • the second node can be responsible for data transmission configuration.
  • the second node can also be responsible for one or more of data collection coordination, data reporting configuration, and data processing configuration. Among them,
  • Data collection coordination means that the second node determines whether the required data is available based on the received data request and/or data subscription information, determines the data providing node that can provide the required data, and sends the data collection configuration;
  • Data reporting configuration refers to the configuration of the data packet encapsulation provided by the data providing node, including the length of the data packet, the distribution characteristics of the data packet length, the time interval of the data packet, the distribution characteristics of the time interval of the data packet transmission, whether the data providing node encrypts the data, and whether the data providing node scrambles the data. If encrypted or scrambled, the key and scrambling sequence need to be configured;
  • Data transmission configuration refers to establishing, modifying, and releasing data transmission channels and data transmission QoS management
  • Data processing configuration refers to data processing configuration of data processing nodes, including data preprocessing (such as filtering, desensitization), data analysis, etc.
  • the data processing node is at least one of a data transmission node, a data receiving node, and a third node.
  • the third node can be a UE or a network function node other than the data transmission node and the data receiving node in the data transmission.
  • this data transmission and processing method can also be called path-based computing.
  • the first node can be responsible for at least one network function of positioning, perception, computing or AI, and the data required by the first node can be called mobile network internal data.
  • the first node can be a core network network function, such as positioning management function LMF, perception function (Sensing function, SF), network data analysis function (Network Data Analytics Function, NWDAF), analysis data storage function (Analytics Data Repository Function, ADRF), model training logical function (Model Training logical function, MTLF), computing function or AI model function, etc.
  • the first node can also be a wireless access network network function. able.
  • the data transmission method includes the following process:
  • the first node sends a first request to the second node, where the first request includes at least one of the following:
  • the request type may include a data transmission request, a control request and a data transmission request, at least one of the control request.
  • a data transmission request means that the second node is responsible for the required data transmission, including data transmission, and the establishment, modification or release of the data transmission channel required for data transmission.
  • a control request means that the second node is responsible for determining at least one of the data providing node, data collection configuration, data reporting configuration and data processing configuration.
  • the transmission type of data transmission can also be called a data plane transparent mode.
  • the first request may indicate that the data feature is known or unknown, wherein the data feature includes at least one of the length of a data packet, the distribution feature of the length of a data packet, the time interval of a data packet, and the distribution feature of the time interval of sending a data packet.
  • the first request may indicate whether the data transmission requires encryption and decryption, whether the data transmission requires integrity protection, and the QoS requirements for the data transmission.
  • the first request may indicate control information, including required data items (or measurement quantities), data providing node identifiers, data providing node requirements (such as geographic location area requirements, mobile speed requirements, etc.).
  • the requested data type is used to indicate which data category the data to be transmitted belongs to, such as positioning, perception, computing, AI, etc.
  • the second node determines a suitable data plane bearer according to the first request, which may be an existing data plane bearer that meets the required requirements, a newly created data plane bearer that meets the required requirements, or a modified existing data plane bearer that meets the required requirements.
  • the second node sends a first response to the first node, which at least includes acceptance of the first request and a data plane bearer identifier.
  • the first node sends transmission mode indication information to a data providing node.
  • the data providing node may be a UE and/or a base station.
  • the transmission mode includes at least one of the following:
  • a positioning protocol such as LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)
  • LTP LTE Positioning Protocol
  • PDU session identifier Identify, ID
  • QoS flow identifier identifier
  • the data providing node maps the data to the indicated data plane bearer or PDU session bearer according to the transmission mode indication information and sends it to the first node.
  • FIG. 11 is a flow chart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 11 , The data transmission method comprises the following steps:
  • Step 201 A second node receives a first request sent by a first node, where the first request is used to request to determine a data transmission mode;
  • Step 202 The second node sends a first response to the first node according to the first request.
  • the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:
  • Data is carried based on PDU session mode.
  • the method further includes:
  • the second node performs a data transmission configuration operation:
  • the data transmission configuration operation includes at least one of the following:
  • the method further includes:
  • the second node performs at least one of the following operations:
  • the executing data collection coordination configuration includes at least one of the following: determining whether the data required by the first node is available based on the first request or data subscription information; determining a data providing node that can provide the data required by the first node; sending a data collection configuration to the first node; or
  • the performing of data reporting configuration includes configuring data packet encapsulation of data provided by the data providing node; or
  • the executing data processing configuration includes performing data processing configuration on a data processing node.
  • configuring data packet encapsulation of data provided by the data providing node includes:
  • the data packet encapsulation configuration for the data provided by the data providing node is at least one of the following:
  • the length of the data packet ; the distribution characteristics of the data packet length; the time interval of the data packet; the distribution characteristics of the time interval of sending data packets; whether the data is encrypted by the data providing node, and whether the data is scrambled by the data providing node.
  • the first request includes at least one of the following:
  • the first request includes a data transmission request
  • the first request carries at least one of the following: item:
  • the second indication information is used to indicate whether the data feature is known or unknown, and the data feature includes at least one of the following: the length of the data packet; the distribution feature of the length of the data packet; the time interval of the data packet; the distribution feature of the time interval of sending the data packet;
  • the third indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: whether data transmission needs to be encrypted or decrypted; whether data transmission needs integrity protection; and QoS requirements for data transmission;
  • Fourth indication information used to indicate control information of data transmission, the control information includes at least one of the following: data item required for data transmission; data providing node identifier; data providing node requirement;
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate a transmission type of data transmission, where the transmission type of data transmission includes at least one of the following: transparent transmission; non-transparent transmission;
  • the sixth indication information is used to indicate the transmission data type.
  • this embodiment is an implementation of the second node corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG2 .
  • FIG. 12 is a flow chart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 12 , the data transmission method includes the following steps:
  • Step 301 A data providing node receives first indication information sent by a first node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.
  • the method further includes:
  • the data providing node sends data to the first node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information.
  • the method before the data providing node receives the first indication information sent by the first node, the method further includes:
  • the data providing node sends capability reporting information to the first node
  • the capability reporting information is used to indicate at least one of the following:
  • the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:
  • Data is carried based on PDU session mode.
  • this embodiment is an implementation of the data providing node corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 .
  • a data providing node may be described as a data providing function
  • a first node may be described as a first function
  • a second node may be described as a second function.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the data providing node is a UE
  • the second node and the first node are core network functions.
  • this embodiment can be used for data transmission scenarios within mobile networks when the positioning protocol based on the control plane (CP) in the related technology needs to transmit a large amount of data.
  • This embodiment can be used for data transmission scenarios such as positioning protocols that require a large amount of data, but is not limited to positioning, and is also applicable to other data transmission scenarios such as CP-based perception protocols and AI protocols that require a large amount of data.
  • the following is an example of data transmission scenarios related to positioning protocols.
  • the location information transfer (location information transfer) or reporting (report) capability is added.
  • the capabilities in the relevant technology are mainly oriented to positioning methods such as Enhanced Cell ID (ECID) or Angle-of-Departure (Angle-of-Departure, AOD) or Difference Of Arrival (Difference Of Arrival, DOA).
  • the UE can only transmit or report location information (location information) based on the LPP session/transaction established by the LPP protocol.
  • Adding location information transfer or report capability means adding location information transmission or reporting based on the data plane or data bearer in the LPP request capabilities, and/or, location information transmission or reporting based on the user plane or PDU session.
  • the UE indicates whether it supports it in the LPP provide capabilities.
  • the data plane or data bearer refers to a transmission bearer for data within a mobile network. Examples of the data plane protocol stack are shown in Figures 8 to 10.
  • the LMF determines whether to use data plane or data bearer, or user plane or PDU session based on the UE capability and/or the amount of data to be transmitted for data transmission. If used, the first node (LMF) sends a first request to the second node, and the request information includes at least one of the following:
  • Request type data or transparent mode; or it can be understood that the first request includes a data transmission request, and the fifth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission type of the data transmission is transparent transmission.
  • Indication information indicating whether the data characteristics are known. If it is a network-configured location measurement information report, the data characteristics are known based on the measurement report configuration, including the data packet size and reporting interval;
  • Indicative information indicating data transmission configuration including whether data transmission requires encryption and decryption, whether data transmission requires integrity protection, and at least one of QoS requirements for data transmission;
  • Data type positioning; or it can be understood that the sixth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission data type is positioning data.
  • the second node can determine a suitable data plane bearer or user plane bearer according to the first request. Taking the determination of a suitable data plane bearer as an example, it can be that an existing data plane bearer meets the required requirements, or a newly created data plane bearer meets the required requirements, or an existing data plane bearer is modified to meet the required requirements.
  • the second node sends a first response to the first node. If there is a suitable data plane bearer, the first response at least includes an indication of acceptance.
  • the second node may be an SMF.
  • the second node determines a suitable PDU session and/or QoS flow, and if the requirements can be met, sends a first response to the first node, and the first response may at least include indication information indicating acceptance of the first request, a PDU session ID and/or a QoS flow identifier (QoS Flow Identifier, QFI).
  • QoS Flow Identifier QoS Flow Identifier
  • the LMF may indicate the transmission mode of LPP provide assistance data and/or LPP provide location information in the LPP provides assistance data and/or LPP request location information message, and the transmission mode includes at least one of the following:
  • LPP session and transaction are used to provide assistance data and/or location information
  • the UE sends the assistance data and/or location information to the LMF according to the transmission mode indication information, for example, mapping it to the indicated data plane or PDU session bearer and sending it to the LMF.
  • LMF can be SF, etc.
  • the LPP protocol can be a sensing protocol, etc., and this embodiment is not limited to positioning scenarios.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the data providing node is a UE
  • the second node and the first node are radio access network functions.
  • This embodiment can be used in a data transmission scenario within a mobile network when the CP-based QoE or MDT or SON in the relevant technology, and the perception or AI training data or AI model need to transmit a large amount of data.
  • This embodiment can be used in data transmission scenarios such as QoE that require a large amount of data, and is also applicable to other MDT or SON, as well as perception or AI training data or AI models that require a large amount of data.
  • the following is an example of a data transmission scenario related to QoE.
  • the radio access network function node gNB or central unit (CU)-control plane (CP) as the first node determines whether to use data plane or data bearer for data transmission based on the UE capabilities and/or the amount of data to be transmitted. If used, the first node (gNB) sends a first request to the second node, and the request information includes at least one of the following:
  • Request type data or transparent mode; or it can be understood that the first request includes a data transmission request, and the fifth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission type of the data transmission is transparent transmission.
  • Indication information indicating whether the data characteristics are known. If the indicated service is unknown and the data size of the QoE is unknown when it occurs, the data characteristics are unknown;
  • Indicative information indicating data transmission configuration including whether data transmission requires encryption and decryption, whether data transmission requires integrity protection, and at least one of the QoS requirements for data transmission;
  • Data type QoE; or it can be understood that the sixth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission data type is QoE data.
  • the second node determines a suitable data plane radio bearer according to the first request, which may be an existing wireless data plane bearer that meets the required requirements, a newly created data plane radio bearer that meets the required requirements, or a modified existing data plane radio bearer that meets the required requirements.
  • the second node sends a first response to the first node. If there is a suitable data plane bearer, the first response at least includes indication information indicating acceptance of the first request and a data plane radio bearer identifier. If there is no suitable data plane bearer, the first response at least includes indication information indicating rejection of the first request, and may optionally include rejection reasons, such as insufficient resources, inability to meet QoS, etc.
  • the radio access network function node (gNB, CU-CP) of the first node may indicate a transmission mode for QoE reporting, and the transmission mode includes at least one of the following:
  • the transmission is carried out in a manner in the related art, which is SRB4;
  • the transmission method of QoE reporting can be indicated by the RRCConnectionReconfiguration message, and a report indication (reportindication) can be added to measConfigAppLayer-r15CHOICE, which can indicate the default method or the data plane-based carrying method.
  • report indication reporting indication
  • measConfigAppLayer-r15CHOICE can indicate the default method or the data plane-based carrying method.
  • new data plane identification information can be added.
  • the UE sends the QoE to the base station or to the trace collection entity (TCE) corresponding to the trace collection entity IP address (Trace Collection Entity IP Address) according to the transmission mode indication information.
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • the data providing node is a base station
  • the second node and the first node are core network functions.
  • the data providing node is a base station (gNB, or TRP, or eNB, or 6G wireless access network node, etc.), and the second node and the first node are core network functions.
  • NR positioning protocol A NR positioning protocol A, NRPPa
  • this embodiment can be used for internal data transmission scenarios of mobile networks when the CP-based positioning protocol in the relevant technology needs to transmit a large amount of data.
  • This embodiment can be used for data transmission scenarios such as positioning protocols that require a large amount of data, but is not limited to positioning. It is also applicable to other data transmission scenarios such as CP-based perception protocols and AI protocols that require a large amount of data. The following is an example of data transmission scenarios related to positioning protocols.
  • positioning measurement transfer or report information is added to the interaction process between the base station and the LMF to indicate whether the base station supports positioning measurement transfer or reporting based on the data plane or data bearer.
  • the data plane or data bearer refers to the transmission bearer for data within the mobile network. Examples of the data plane protocol stack are shown in Figures 8 to 10.
  • the LMF determines whether to use data plane or data bearer for data transmission based on whether the base station supports positioning measurement transmission or reporting based on the data plane or data bearer, and/or the amount of data to be transmitted. If the first node (LMF) sends a first request to the second node, the request information includes at least one of the following:
  • Request type data or transparent mode; or it can be understood that the first request includes a data transmission request, and the fifth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission type of the data transmission is transparent transmission.
  • Indication information indicating whether the data characteristics are known. If it is a network-configured location measurement information report, the data characteristics are known based on the measurement report configuration, including the data packet size and reporting interval;
  • Indicative information indicating data transmission configuration including whether data transmission requires encryption and decryption, whether data transmission requires integrity protection, and at least one of the QoS requirements for data transmission;
  • Data type positioning; or it can be understood that the sixth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission data type is positioning data.
  • the second node sends an interface establishment request to the base station.
  • the interface establishment request can be an Nx establishment request (setup request), and the interface establishment request at least includes a third function identifier.
  • the third function is a core network function for receiving and forwarding data sent by the base station, which can be the same as the second node or different.
  • the third function identifier can be used as the target end when the base station sends data to the second node.
  • the interface establishment request can also include at least one of the supported public land mobile network (Public Land Mobile Network, PLMN) information and the capability information of the third function.
  • PLMN Public Land Mobile Network
  • the capability information of the third function includes at least one of the following:
  • the third function supports a list of data types that can be received and forwarded, such as positioning, perception, AI, and computing data;
  • the third function supports data storage indication, used to indicate whether the third function supports data storage
  • the third function supports data on-path processing indication, which is used to indicate whether the third function supports processing the forwarded data before forwarding it, wherein the processing includes filtering, desensitizing, de-redundancy and analysis, etc.;
  • the geographic location scope of the third function such as the Tracking Area (TA) list or RNA list.
  • TA Tracking Area
  • the base station sends an Nx interface establishment response message.
  • the Nx interface establishment response message includes at least a base station identifier (such as a global RAN node identifier (ID), or a second node ID of a wireless access network).
  • the Nx interface establishment response message may also include at least one of a supported geographic location range (such as a TA list), a supported PLMN list, and a supported data type list (such as positioning, perception, AI, computing data, etc.).
  • the Nx interface establishment response message includes at least a failure cause, such as a transport layer cause, or a data plane protocol cause, etc.
  • the second node determines a suitable data plane bearer according to the first request, which may be an existing data plane bearer that meets the required requirements, a newly created data plane bearer that meets the required requirements, or a modified existing data plane bearer that meets the required requirements.
  • the second node sends a first response to the first node.
  • the first response at least includes indication information indicating acceptance of the first request and a data plane bearer identifier.
  • the data plane bearer identifier may be an IP address and a port number, or the third function identifier and/or a bearer identifier between the base station and the third function.
  • the first response at least includes indication information indicating rejection of the first request, and may optionally include rejection reasons, such as insufficient resources, inability to meet QoS, etc.
  • the LMF sends a message to the base station to indicate the transmission mode of the measurement, for example, in NRPPa
  • the measurement request, NRPPa POSITIONING INFORMATION request, or NRPPa POSITIONING ACTIVATION request indicates the transmission mode of the measurement.
  • the transmission mode includes at least one of the following:
  • the method in the related art is used for transmission, and the method in the related art is to use the LMF instance ID and NRPPa-PDU in NRPPa for transmission;
  • the indication is based on the data plane or data bearer mode of transmission, and indicates the data bearer identifier, such as the IP address and port number, or the third function identifier and/or the bearer identifier between the base station and the third function.
  • the message sent by the LMF may also include the identifier of the UE on the second node side at the Nx interface, and the identifier of the UE on the wireless access network side at the Nx interface.
  • the base station maps the measurement to the indicated data plane bearer and sends it to the LMF according to the transmission mode indication information.
  • LMF can be SF, etc.
  • NRPPa protocol can be sensing protocol A, etc. This embodiment is not limited to positioning.
  • Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
  • the data providing node is a base station, and the first node is a UE.
  • the data providing node is a base station (gNB, or TRP, or eNB, or 6G wireless access network node, etc.), and the first node is a UE.
  • the second node can be a core network function or a wireless access network function, or a UE.
  • the standard-defined NRPPa protocol or the newly added perception protocol or AI protocol in the relevant technology is still used, the main difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the measurement data obtained by the base station is not sent to the core network LMF, but to the UE.
  • the UE and LMF interact with each other for location information transfer or report capabilities, as described in Example 1, which will not be repeated here.
  • positioning measurement transfer or report information is added to the interaction process between the base station and LMF to indicate whether the base station supports positioning measurement transmission or reporting based on the data plane or data bearer.
  • the data plane or data bearer refers to a transmission bearer for internal data of the mobile network. Examples of the data plane protocol stack are shown in Figures 8 to 10.
  • the LMF determines whether to use data plane or data bearer for data transmission based on whether the UE and the base station support the transmission or reporting of positioning measurement based on the data plane or data bearer, and/or the amount of data to be transmitted. If it is determined that data transmission is based on the data plane or data bearer, the LMF sends a first request to the second node (core network function), and the second node configures the UE and the base station. For details, see the configuration of the UE by the second node in Example 1 and the configuration of the base station by the second node in Example 3. The base station maps the measurement to the indicated data plane bearer according to the transmission mode indication information and sends it to the UE.
  • the UE determines whether to use the data plane or data bearer for data transmission according to whether the positioning measurement transmission or reporting based on the data plane or data bearer is supported, and/or the amount of data to be transmitted. If it is determined that the data plane or data bearer is used for data transmission, the UE sends a first request to the second node (radio access network function). In this embodiment, the first request implicitly The method indicates that the UE instructs the base station to perform data transmission in a manner based on the data plane or the data bearer.
  • the first request includes at least one of the following:
  • Request type data or transparent mode; or it can be understood that the first request includes a data transmission request, and the fifth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission type of the data transmission is transparent transmission.
  • Indication information indicating whether the data characteristics are known. If it is a network-configured location measurement information report, the data characteristics are known based on the measurement report configuration, including the data packet size and reporting interval;
  • Indicative information indicating data transmission configuration including whether data transmission requires encryption and decryption, whether data transmission requires integrity protection, and at least one of the QoS requirements for data transmission;
  • Data type positioning; or it can be understood that the sixth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission data type is positioning data.
  • the second node determines a suitable data plane radio bearer according to the first request, which may be an existing wireless data plane bearer that meets the required requirements, a newly created data plane radio bearer that meets the required requirements, or a modified existing data plane radio bearer that meets the required requirements.
  • the second node sends a first response to the first node. If there is a suitable data plane bearer, the first response at least includes indication information indicating acceptance of the first request and a data plane radio bearer identifier. If there is no suitable data plane bearer, the first response at least includes indication information indicating rejection of the first request, and may optionally include rejection reasons, such as insufficient resources, inability to meet QoS, etc.
  • the base station maps the measurement to the indicated data plane bearer according to the transmission mode indication information and sends it to the UE.
  • LMF can be SF, etc.
  • LPP protocol can be sensing protocol
  • NRPPa protocol can be sensing protocol A, etc. This method is not limited to positioning.
  • Embodiment 5 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 5:
  • the data providing node is UE
  • the second node is separated from the first node.
  • the second node is separated from the first node means that the second node and the first node do not belong to the core network function at the same time, nor do they belong to the radio access network function at the same time, nor do they belong to the UE function at the same time.
  • the second node and the first node belong to any two functions of UE, RAN or core network (CN).
  • This embodiment is described by taking the second node as a radio access network (RAN) function and the first node as a core network (CN) function as an example.
  • RAN radio access network
  • CN core network
  • this embodiment can be used for internal data transmission scenarios of mobile networks when the CP-based QoE or MDT or SON in the relevant technology, and the perception or AI training data or AI model need to transmit a large amount of data.
  • This embodiment can be used in MDT-related data transmission scenarios, and is also applicable to other SON or QoE, and perception or AI training data/AI models and other data transmission scenarios that require a large amount of data. The following is described by taking the MDT-related data transmission scenario as an example.
  • the core network function node determines whether to use data plane or data bearer for data transmission based on the UE capabilities and/or the amount of data to be transmitted. If used, the first node (core network function) sends a message to the second node (radio access network function). Send a first request, where the request information includes at least one of the following:
  • Request type data or transparent mode; or it can be understood that the first request includes a data transmission request, and the fifth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission type of the data transmission is transparent transmission.
  • Indication information indicating whether the data characteristics are known. If it is a location measurement information (MDT) report configured by the network, the data characteristics are known according to the measurement reporting configuration, including the data packet size and reporting interval, and the characteristics are known;
  • MDT location measurement information
  • Indicative information indicating data transmission configuration including whether data transmission requires encryption and decryption, whether data transmission requires integrity protection, and at least one of the QoS requirements for data transmission;
  • Data type MDT; or it can be understood that the sixth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission data type is MDT data.
  • the second node determines a suitable data plane radio bearer according to the first request, which may be an existing wireless data plane bearer that meets the required requirements, a newly created data plane radio bearer that meets the required requirements, or a modified existing data plane radio bearer that meets the required requirements.
  • the second node sends a first response to the first node. If there is a suitable data plane bearer, the first response at least includes indication information indicating acceptance of the first request and a data plane radio bearer identifier. If there is no suitable data plane bearer, the first response at least includes indication information indicating rejection of the first request, and may optionally include rejection reasons, such as insufficient resources, inability to meet QoS, etc.
  • the first node may indicate a transmission mode of the MDT report, where the transmission mode includes at least one of the following:
  • the transmission is carried out in a manner in the related art, which is SRB4;
  • the transmission mode of MDT reporting can be indicated through the RRCConnectionReconfiguration message, and reportindication can be added in measConfigAppLayer-r15CHOICE, which can be default or data plane.
  • the indication is based on the data plane or data bearer mode, the data plane identification information can be added.
  • the UE sends the MDT to the base station or to the trace collection entity (TCE) corresponding to the Trace Collection Entity IP Address according to the transmission mode indication information.
  • TCE trace collection entity
  • Embodiment 6 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 6
  • the data providing node is UE, the second node and the first node are deployed in a distributed manner, the second node is a core network function, and the first node is a wireless access network function.
  • the first node data consumption
  • the second node data control function
  • This embodiment can be used for data transmission scenarios such as positioning protocols that require a large amount of data, but is not limited to positioning. It is also applicable to other CP-based perception protocols, AI protocols and other data transmission scenarios that require a large amount of data. The following is an example of data transmission scenarios related to positioning protocols.
  • the UE can only transmit or report location information based on the LPP session/transaction established by the LPP protocol.
  • the location information transfer or report capability In the LPP request capabilities interaction process between the UE and the LMF, the location information transfer or report capability.
  • the addition of location information transfer or report capability refers to adding location information transmission or reporting based on the data plane or data bearer in the LPP request capabilities, and the UE indicates whether it supports transmission based on the data plane or data bearer in the LPP provide capabilities.
  • the capabilities can be further divided into supporting location information transmission and reporting based on the core network data plane or data bearer, and location information transmission or reporting based on the wireless access network data plane or data bearer.
  • the data plane or data bearer refers to a transmission bearer for internal data of the mobile network. Examples of the data plane protocol stack are shown in Figures 8 to 10.
  • For the core network data plane or data bearer see the first data plane protocol of the data plane protocol architecture of the UE, wireless access network and core network.
  • For the wireless access network data plane or data bearer see the data plane protocol architecture terminated in the wireless access network.
  • the LMF determines whether to use the data plane or data bearer based on the UE capability and/or the amount of data to be transmitted. If used, the first node (LMF) sends a first request to the second node, and the request information includes at least one of the following:
  • Request type data or transparent mode; or it can be understood that the first request includes a data transmission request, and the fifth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission type of the data transmission is transparent transmission.
  • Indication information indicating whether the data characteristics are known. If it is a network-configured location measurement information report, the data characteristics are known based on the measurement report configuration, including the data packet size and reporting interval;
  • Indicative information indicating data transmission configuration including whether data transmission requires encryption and decryption, whether data transmission requires integrity protection, and at least one of the QoS requirements for data transmission;
  • Data type positioning; or it can be understood that the sixth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission data type is positioning data.
  • the second node determines a suitable data plane bearer according to the first request. It may be an existing data plane bearer that meets the required requirements, a newly created data plane bearer that meets the required requirements, or a modified existing data plane bearer that meets the required requirements.
  • the data plane bearer is a data plane bearer that terminates at the base station, rather than a data plane bearer that terminates at the core network.
  • the second node sends a response to the first node. If there is a suitable data plane bearer, the first response at least includes indication information indicating acceptance of the first request and a data plane bearer identifier. If there is no suitable data plane bearer, the first response at least includes indication information indicating rejection of the first request, and may optionally include a reason for rejection, such as insufficient resources, inability to meet QoS, etc.
  • the LMF may indicate the transmission mode of LPP provide assistance data and/or LPP provide location information in the LPP provides assistance data and/or LPP request location information message, and the transmission mode includes at least one of the following:
  • LPP session and transaction are used to provide assistance data and/or location information
  • the UE maps the assistance data and/or location information to the indicated data plane bearer according to the transmission mode indication information and sends the same to the first node (base station).
  • LMF can be SF, etc.
  • LPP protocol can be a sensing protocol, etc. This embodiment is not limited to positioning scenarios.
  • the base station can directly receive the positioning measurement data of the UE, process and generate the location information, which can be used in scenarios with high real-time requirements such as base station wireless resource scheduling.
  • This embodiment can avoid the UE's positioning measurement data being first transmitted to the LMF by the base station, and then transmitted back to the base station after the LMF generates the positioning result, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the delay.
  • the embodiment of the present application proposes a data plane-based internal data transmission method for a mobile network, which can solve the problem of large data transmission of positioning, perception, computing and AI (such as AI training data, AI model data), etc., and can not only reuse the protocol methods in related technologies, but also flexibly expand the transmission method supporting big data.
  • the transmission method is compatible with the transmission requirements of multiple data such as positioning, perception, computing and AI, without the need for separate definition of each.
  • the embodiment of the application can flexibly support data termination in a wireless access network, a core network or a UE according to demand.
  • the data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be executed by a data transmission device.
  • a data transmission device executing the data transmission method is taken as an example to illustrate the data transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a structural diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the first node includes the data transmission device.
  • the data transmission device 400 includes:
  • the first sending module 401 is used to send first indication information to the data providing node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.
  • the device further comprises:
  • the first receiving module is used to receive data sent by the data providing node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information.
  • the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:
  • Protocol Data is carried based on the protocol data unit (PDU) session mode.
  • PDU protocol data unit
  • the device further comprises:
  • a second sending module used for sending a first request to the second node, wherein the first request is used for requesting to determine a data transmission mode
  • the second receiving module is used to receive a first response sent by the second node according to the first request; wherein the first indication information is determined based on the first response.
  • the first request includes at least one of the following:
  • the first request when the first request includes a data transmission request, the first request carries at least one of the following:
  • the second indication information is used to indicate whether the data feature is known or unknown, and the data feature includes at least one of the following: the length of the data packet; the distribution feature of the length of the data packet; the time interval of the data packet; the distribution feature of the time interval of sending the data packet;
  • the third indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: whether data transmission needs to be encrypted or decrypted; whether data transmission needs integrity protection; and the quality of service QoS requirement for data transmission;
  • Fourth indication information used to indicate control information of data transmission, the control information includes at least one of the following: data item required for data transmission; data providing node identifier; data providing node requirement;
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate a transmission type of data transmission, where the transmission type of data transmission includes at least one of the following: transparent transmission; non-transparent transmission;
  • the sixth indication information is used to indicate the transmission data type.
  • the transmission data type includes at least one of the following:
  • the first response includes at least one of the following:
  • seventh indication information where the seventh indication information is used to indicate acceptance or rejection of the first request
  • the data plane carries the identifier
  • the device further comprises:
  • a third receiving module used to receive the capability reporting information sent by the data providing node
  • the capability reporting information is used to indicate at least one of the following:
  • the data providing node is a terminal, and the first node and the second node are both core network functions; or
  • the data providing node is a terminal, and the first node and the second node are both wireless access network functions; or
  • the data providing node is a base station, and the first node and the second node are both core network functions; or
  • the data providing node is a base station, and the first node is a terminal;
  • the data providing node is a terminal, the first node is a core network function, and the second node is a radio access network function;
  • the data providing node is a terminal, the first node is a wireless access network function, and the second node is a core network function.
  • the data transmission device in the embodiment of the present application may be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip.
  • the electronic device may be a terminal, or may be other devices other than a terminal.
  • the terminal may include but is not limited to the types of terminal 11 listed above, and other devices may be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the data transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented by the method embodiment of FIG2 and achieve The same technical effect is achieved, and to avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.
  • the data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be executed by a data transmission device.
  • a data transmission device executing the data transmission method is taken as an example to illustrate the data transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a structural diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the second node includes the data transmission device.
  • the data transmission device 500 includes:
  • a fourth receiving module 501 is configured to receive a first request sent by a first node, where the first request is used to request to determine a data transmission mode;
  • the third sending module 502 is configured to send a first response to the first node according to the first request.
  • the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:
  • Data is carried based on PDU session mode.
  • the apparatus when the first request includes a data transmission request, the apparatus further includes:
  • the first execution module is used to execute the data transmission configuration operation:
  • the data transmission configuration operation includes at least one of the following:
  • the apparatus when the first request includes a control request, the apparatus further includes:
  • the second execution module is used to perform at least one of the following operations:
  • the executing data collection coordination configuration includes at least one of the following: determining whether the data required by the first node is available based on the first request or data subscription information; determining a data providing node that can provide the data required by the first node; sending a data collection configuration to the first node; or
  • the performing of data reporting configuration includes configuring data packet encapsulation of data provided by the data providing node; or
  • the executing data processing configuration includes performing data processing configuration on a data processing node.
  • configuring data packet encapsulation of data provided by the data providing node includes:
  • the data packet encapsulation configuration for the data provided by the data providing node is at least one of the following:
  • the length of the data packet ; the distribution characteristics of the data packet length; the time interval of the data packet; the distribution characteristics of the time interval of sending data packets; whether the data is encrypted by the data providing node, and whether the data is scrambled by the data providing node.
  • the first request includes at least one of the following:
  • the first request when the first request includes a data transmission request, the first request carries at least one of the following:
  • the second indication information is used to indicate whether the data feature is known or unknown, and the data feature includes at least one of the following: the length of the data packet; the distribution feature of the length of the data packet; the time interval of the data packet; the distribution feature of the time interval of sending the data packet;
  • the third indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: whether data transmission needs to be encrypted or decrypted; whether data transmission needs integrity protection; and QoS requirements for data transmission;
  • Fourth indication information used to indicate control information of data transmission, the control information includes at least one of the following: data item required for data transmission; data providing node identifier; data providing node requirement;
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate a transmission type of data transmission, where the transmission type of data transmission includes at least one of the following: transparent transmission; non-transparent transmission;
  • the sixth indication information is used to indicate the transmission data type.
  • the data transmission device in the embodiment of the present application may be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip.
  • the electronic device may be a terminal, or may be other devices other than a terminal.
  • the terminal may include but is not limited to the types of terminal 11 listed above, and other devices may be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the data transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented by the method embodiment of Figure 11 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.
  • the data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be executed by a data transmission device.
  • a data transmission device executing the data transmission method is taken as an example to illustrate the data transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a structural diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the data providing node includes the data transmission device.
  • the data transmission device 600 includes:
  • the fifth receiving module 601 is used to receive first indication information sent by the first node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.
  • the device further comprises:
  • a fourth sending module is used to send data to the first node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information.
  • the device further comprises:
  • a fifth sending module configured to send capability reporting information to the first node
  • the capability reporting information is used to indicate at least one of the following:
  • the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:
  • Data is carried based on PDU session mode.
  • the data transmission device in the embodiment of the present application may be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip.
  • the electronic device may be a terminal, or may be other devices other than a terminal.
  • the terminal may include but is not limited to the types of terminal 11 listed above, and other devices may be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the data transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented by the method embodiment of Figure 12 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 700, including a processor 701 and a memory 702, and the memory 702 stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor 701.
  • the communication device 700 is a first node
  • the program or instruction is executed by the processor 701 to implement the various steps of the data transmission method embodiment applied to the first node, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it is not repeated here.
  • the communication device 700 is a second node
  • the program or instruction is executed by the processor 701 to implement the various steps of the data transmission method embodiment applied to the second node, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it is not repeated here.
  • the communication device 700 is a data providing node
  • the program or instruction is executed by the processor 701 to implement the various steps of the data transmission method embodiment applied to the data providing node, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it is not repeated here.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, which is a first node, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to: send first indication information to a data providing node, and the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission method.
  • a communication device which is a first node, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to: send first indication information to a data providing node, and the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission method.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, which is a second node, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to: receive a first request sent by a first node, the first request is used to request to determine a data transmission method; and send a first response to the first node according to the first request.
  • a communication device which is a second node, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to: receive a first request sent by a first node, the first request is used to request to determine a data transmission method; and send a first response to the first node according to the first request.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, which is a data providing node, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to: receive first indication information sent by a first node, and the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission method.
  • a communication device which is a data providing node, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to: receive first indication information sent by a first node, and the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission method.
  • the first node, the second node or the data providing node in the embodiment of the present application may be a terminal.
  • FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal implementing the embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal 800 includes but is not limited to: a radio frequency unit 801, a network module 802, an audio output unit 803, an input unit 804, a sensor 805, a display unit 806, a user input unit 807, an interface unit 808, a memory 809 and at least some of the components of a processor 810.
  • the terminal 800 may also include a power source (such as a battery) for supplying power to each component, and the power source may be logically connected to the processor 810 through a power management system, so as to manage charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system.
  • a power source such as a battery
  • the terminal structure shown in FIG17 does not constitute a limitation on the terminal, and the terminal may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange components differently, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the input unit 804 may include a graphics processing unit (GPU) 8041 and a microphone 8042, and the GPU 8041 processes the image data of the static picture or video obtained by the image capture device (such as a camera) in the video capture mode or the image capture mode.
  • the display unit 806 may include a display panel 8061, and the display panel 8061 may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, etc.
  • the user input unit 807 includes a touch panel 8071 and at least one of other input devices 8072.
  • the touch panel 8071 is also called a touch screen.
  • the touch panel 8071 may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller.
  • Other input devices 8072 may include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as a volume control key, a switch key, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, and a joystick, which will not be repeated here.
  • the radio frequency unit 801 after receiving downlink data from the network side device, can transmit the data to the processor 810 for processing; in addition, the radio frequency unit 801 can send uplink data to the network side device.
  • the radio frequency unit 801 includes but is not limited to an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier, a duplexer, etc.
  • the memory 809 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data.
  • the memory 809 may mainly include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data, wherein the first storage area may store an operating system, an application program or instruction required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc.
  • the memory 809 may include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or the memory 809 may include both volatile and non-volatile memories.
  • the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), a synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), a double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), an enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), a synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM) and a direct memory bus random access memory (DRRAM).
  • the memory 809 in the embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memories.
  • the processor 810 may include one or more processing units; optionally, the processor 810 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly processes operations related to the operating system, user interface, and application programs, and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understandable that the above-mentioned modem processor The processor may not be integrated into the processor 810.
  • the radio frequency unit 801 is used for:
  • First indication information is sent to a data providing node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.
  • the radio frequency unit 801 is further used for:
  • the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:
  • Protocol Data is carried based on the protocol data unit (PDU) session mode.
  • PDU protocol data unit
  • the radio frequency unit 801 is further used for:
  • the first request includes at least one of the following:
  • the first request when the first request includes a data transmission request, the first request carries at least one of the following:
  • the second indication information is used to indicate whether the data feature is known or unknown, and the data feature includes at least one of the following: the length of the data packet; the distribution feature of the length of the data packet; the time interval of the data packet; the distribution feature of the time interval of sending the data packet;
  • the third indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: whether data transmission needs to be encrypted or decrypted; whether data transmission needs integrity protection; and the quality of service QoS requirement for data transmission;
  • Fourth indication information used to indicate control information of data transmission, the control information includes at least one of the following: data item required for data transmission; data providing node identifier; data providing node requirement;
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate a transmission type of data transmission, where the transmission type of data transmission includes at least one of the following: transparent transmission; non-transparent transmission;
  • the sixth indication information is used to indicate the transmission data type.
  • the transmission data type includes at least one of the following:
  • the first response includes at least one of the following:
  • seventh indication information where the seventh indication information is used to indicate acceptance or rejection of the first request
  • the data plane carries the identifier
  • the radio frequency unit 801 is further used for:
  • the capability reporting information is used to indicate at least one of the following:
  • the data providing node is a terminal, and the first node and the second node are both core network functions; or
  • the data providing node is a terminal, and the first node and the second node are both wireless access network functions; or
  • the data providing node is a base station, and the first node and the second node are both core network functions; or
  • the data providing node is a base station, and the first node is a terminal;
  • the data providing node is a terminal, the first node is a core network function, and the second node is a radio access network function;
  • the data providing node is a terminal, the first node is a wireless access network function, and the second node is a core network function.
  • the radio frequency unit 801 is used for:
  • a first response is sent to the first node according to the first request.
  • the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:
  • Data is carried based on PDU session mode.
  • the processor 810 is configured to:
  • the data transmission configuration operation includes at least one of the following:
  • the processor 810 is configured to:
  • the executing data collection coordination configuration includes at least one of the following: determining whether the data required by the first node is available based on the first request or data subscription information; determining a data providing node that can provide the data required by the first node; sending a data collection configuration to the first node; or
  • the performing of data reporting configuration includes configuring data packet encapsulation of data provided by the data providing node; or
  • the executing data processing configuration includes performing data processing configuration on a data processing node.
  • configuring data packet encapsulation of data provided by the data providing node includes:
  • the data packet encapsulation configuration for the data provided by the data providing node is at least one of the following:
  • the length of the data packet ; the distribution characteristics of the data packet length; the time interval of the data packet; the distribution characteristics of the time interval of sending data packets; whether the data is encrypted by the data providing node, and whether the data is scrambled by the data providing node.
  • the first request includes at least one of the following:
  • the first request when the first request includes a data transmission request, the first request carries at least one of the following:
  • the second indication information is used to indicate whether the data feature is known or unknown, and the data feature includes at least one of the following: the length of the data packet; the distribution feature of the length of the data packet; the time interval of the data packet; the distribution feature of the time interval of sending the data packet;
  • the third indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: whether data transmission needs to be encrypted or decrypted; whether data transmission needs integrity protection; and QoS requirements for data transmission;
  • Fourth indication information used to indicate control information of data transmission, the control information includes at least one of the following: data item required for data transmission; data providing node identifier; data providing node requirement;
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate a transmission type of data transmission, where the transmission type of data transmission includes at least one of the following: transparent transmission; non-transparent transmission;
  • the sixth indication information is used to indicate the transmission data type.
  • the terminal is a data providing node
  • the radio frequency unit 801 is used for:
  • First indication information sent by a first node is received, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.
  • the radio frequency unit 801 is further used for:
  • the radio frequency unit 801 is further used for:
  • the capability reporting information is used to indicate at least one of the following:
  • the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:
  • Data is carried based on PDU session mode.
  • the terminal of the embodiment of the present application also includes: instructions or programs stored in the memory 809 and executable on the processor 810.
  • the processor 810 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 809 to execute the methods executed by the modules shown in Figures 13, 14 or 15, and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a network side device, including a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run a program or instruction to implement the steps of the method embodiment shown in Figure 2 or Figure 11 or Figure 12.
  • the network side device embodiment corresponds to the above method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation method of the above method embodiment can be applied to the network side device embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a network side device.
  • the network side device can be a first node, a second node, or a data providing node.
  • the network side device 900 includes: an antenna 901, a radio frequency device 902, a baseband device 903, a processor 904 and a memory 905.
  • the antenna 901 is connected to the radio frequency device 902.
  • the radio frequency device 902 receives information through the antenna 901 and sends the received information to the baseband device 903 for processing.
  • the baseband device 903 processes the information to be sent and sends it to the radio frequency device 902.
  • the radio frequency device 902 processes the received information and sends it out through the antenna 901.
  • the method executed by the network-side device in the above embodiment may be implemented in the baseband device 903, which includes a baseband processor.
  • the baseband device 903 may include, for example, at least one baseband board, on which multiple chips are arranged, as shown in Figure 18, one of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 905 through a bus interface to call the program in the memory 905 and execute the network device operations shown in the above method embodiment.
  • the network side device may also include a network interface 906, which is, for example, a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).
  • CPRI Common Public Radio Interface
  • the network side device 900 of the embodiment of the present application also includes: instructions or programs stored in the memory 905 and executable on the processor 904.
  • the processor 904 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 905 to execute the methods executed by the modules shown in Figures 13, 14 or 15, and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a network side device.
  • the network side device 1000 includes: a processor 1001, a network interface 1002 and a memory 1003.
  • the network interface 1002 is, for example, a common public radio interface (CPRI).
  • CPRI common public radio interface
  • the network side device 1000 of the embodiment of the present application also includes: instructions or programs stored in the memory 1003 and executable on the processor 1001.
  • the processor 1001 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 1003 to execute the methods executed by the modules shown in Figures 7, 8 or 9, and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored.
  • a program or instruction is stored.
  • the various processes of the above-mentioned data transmission method embodiment are implemented and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.
  • the processor is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiment.
  • the readable storage medium includes a computer readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory ROM, a random access memory RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.
  • the readable storage medium may be a non-transient readable storage medium.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned data transmission method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.
  • the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system-on-chip chip, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program/program product, which is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned data transmission method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a data transmission system, including: a first node, a second node and a data providing node, wherein the first node can be used to execute the steps of the data transmission method applied to the first node as described above, the second node can be used to execute the steps of the data transmission method applied to the second node as described above, and the data providing node can be used to execute the steps of the data transmission method applied to the data providing node as described above.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种数据传输方法、装置及通信设备，属于通信技术领域，本申请实施例的数据传输方法包括：第一节点向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。

Description

数据传输方法、装置及通信设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2023年06月14日在中国提交的中国专利申请No.202310705334.8的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本申请属于通信技术领域，具体涉及一种数据传输方法、装置及通信设备。
背景技术
通信系统中，控制面负责传送和处理系统协调信令。相关技术中，最小化路测(Minimization of Drive Tests，MDT)、体验质量(Quality of Experience，QoE)或定位过程中终端与无线接入网功能或核心网功能之间的数据传输均基于控制面承载(如信令无线承载(Signalling Radio Bearer，SRB))，进行数据传输的灵活性较差。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法、装置及通信设备，能够解决数据传输的灵活性较差的问题。
第一方面，提供了一种数据传输方法，包括：
第一节点向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
第二方面，提供了一种数据传输方法，包括：
第二节点接收第一节点发送的第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求确定数据传输方式；
所述第二节点根据所述第一请求向所述第一节点发送第一响应。
第三方面，提供了一种数据传输方法，包括：
数据提供节点接收第一节点发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
第四方面，提供了一种数据传输装置，第一节点包括所述数据传输装置，包括：
第一发送模块，用于向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
第五方面，提供了一种数据传输装置，第二节点包括所述数据传输装置，包括：
第四接收模块，用于接收第一节点发送的第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求确定数据传输方式；
第三发送模块，用于根据所述第一请求向所述第一节点发送第一响应。
第六方面，提供了一种数据传输装置，数据提供节点包括所述数据传输装置，包括：
第五接收模块，用于接收第一节点发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
第七方面，提供了一种通信设备，该通信设备包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器存储可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如第一方面或第二方面或第三方面所述的方法的步骤。
第八方面，提供了一种通信设备，该通信设备为第一节点，包括处理器及通信接口，其中，所述通信接口用于：向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
第九方面，提供了一种通信设备，该通信设备为第二节点，包括处理器及通信接口，其中，所述通信接口用于：接收第一节点发送的第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求确定数据传输方式；根据所述第一请求向所述第一节点发送第一响应。
第十方面，提供了一种通信设备，该通信设备为数据提供节点，包括处理器及通信接口，其中，所述通信接口用于：接收第一节点发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
第十一方面，提供了一种数据传输系统，包括：第一节点、第二节点及数据提供节点，所述第一节点可用于执行如第一方面所述的方法的步骤，所述第二节点可用于执行如第二方面所述的方法的步骤，所述数据提供节点可用于执行如第三方面所述的方法的步骤。
第十二方面，提供了一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储程序或指令，所述程序或指令被处理器执行时实现如第一方面所述的方法的步骤，或者实现如第二方面所述的方法的步骤，或者实现如第三方面所述的方法的步骤。
第十三方面，提供了一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口和所述处理器耦合，所述处理器用于运行程序或指令，实现如第一方面所述的方法，或实现如第二方面所述的方法，或实现如第三方面所述的方法的步骤。
第十四方面，提供了一种计算机程序/程序产品，所述计算机程序/程序产品被存储在存储介质中，所述计算机程序/程序产品被至少一个处理器执行以实现如第一方面所述的方法的步骤，或者实现如第二方面所述的方法的步骤，或者实现如第三方面所述的方法的步骤。
在本申请实施例中，第一节点向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式，这样，支持通过第一指示信息指示进行数据传输的传输方式，避免数据单一地由控制面承载传输，能够提高数据传输的灵活性。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例可应用的一种无线通信系统的框图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输方法的流程图之一；
图3是相关技术中的一种用户面协议栈(User Plane Protocol Stack)示意图；
图4是相关技术中的一种控制面协议栈(Control Plane Protocol Stack)示意图；
图5是相关技术中的一种UE与LMF之间的定位协议栈示意图；
图6是相关技术中的一种NG RAN与LMF之间的定位协议栈示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种数据面示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种终结在无线接入网的数据面协议架构示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种UE、无线接入网和核心网的数据面协议架构示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种协议层结构示意图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输方法的流程图之二；
图12是本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输方法的流程图之三；
图13是本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输装置的结构示意图之一；
图14是本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输装置的结构示意图之二；
图15是本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输装置的结构示意图之三；
图16是本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备的结构示意图；
图17是本申请实施例提供的一种终端的结构示意图；
图18是本申请实施例提供的一种网络侧设备的结构示意图之一；
图19是本申请实施例提供的一种网络侧设备的结构示意图之二。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
本申请的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的术语在适当情况下可以互换，以便本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施，且“第一”、“第二”所区别的对象通常为一类，并不限定对象的个数，例如第一对象可以是一个，也可以是多个。此外，本申请中的“或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一。例如“A或B”涵盖三种方案，即，方案一：包括A且不包括B；方案二：包括B且不包括A；方案三：既包括A又包括B。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请的术语“指示”既可以是一个直接的指示(或者说显式的指示)，也可以是一个间接的指示(或者说隐含的指示)。其中，直接的指示可以理解为，发送方在发送的指示中明确告知了接收方具体的信息、需要执行的操作或请求结果等内容；间接的指示可以理解为，接收方根据发送方发送的指示确定对应的信息，或者进行判断并根据判断结果确定需要执行的操作或请求结果等。
值得指出的是，本申请实施例所描述的技术不限于长期演进型(Long Term Evolution， LTE)/LTE的演进(LTE-Advanced，LTE-A)系统，还可用于其他无线通信系统，诸如码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access，CDMA)、时分多址(Time Division Multiple Access，TDMA)、频分多址(Frequency Division Multiple Access，FDMA)、正交频分多址(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access，OFDMA)、单载波频分多址(Single-carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access，SC-FDMA)或其他系统。本申请实施例中的术语“系统”和“网络”常被可互换地使用，所描述的技术既可用于以上提及的系统和无线电技术，也可用于其他系统和无线电技术。以下描述出于示例目的描述了新空口(New Radio，NR)系统，并且在以下大部分描述中使用NR术语，但是这些技术也可应用于NR系统以外的系统，如第6代(6th Generation，6G)通信系统。
图1示出本申请实施例可应用的一种无线通信系统的框图。无线通信系统包括终端11和网络侧设备12。其中，终端11可以是手机、平板电脑(Tablet Personal Computer)、膝上型电脑(Laptop Computer)、笔记本电脑、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、掌上电脑、上网本、超级移动个人计算机(Ultra-mobile Personal Computer，UMPC)、移动上网装置(Mobile Internet Device，MID)、增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)、虚拟现实(Virtual Reality，VR)设备、机器人、可穿戴式设备(Wearable Device)、飞行器(flight vehicle)、车载设备(Vehicle User Equipment，VUE)、船载设备、行人终端(Pedestrian User Equipment，PUE)、智能家居(具有无线通信功能的家居设备，如冰箱、电视、洗衣机或者家具等)、游戏机、个人计算机(Personal Computer，PC)、柜员机或者自助机等终端侧设备。可穿戴式设备包括：智能手表、智能手环、智能耳机、智能眼镜、智能首饰(智能手镯、智能手链、智能戒指、智能项链、智能脚镯、智能脚链等)、智能腕带、智能服装等。其中，车载设备也可以称为车载终端、车载控制器、车载模块、车载部件、车载芯片或车载单元等。除了上述终端设备，也可以是终端内的芯片，例如调制解调器(Modem)芯片，系统级芯片(System on Chip，SoC)。需要说明的是，在本申请实施例并不限定终端11的具体类型。网络侧设备12可以包括接入网设备或核心网设备，其中，接入网设备也可以称为无线接入网(Radio Access Network，RAN)设备、无线接入网功能或无线接入网单元。接入网设备可以包括基站、无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Network，WLAN)接入点(Access Point，AS)或无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，WiFi)节点等。其中，基站可被称为节点B(Node B，NB)、演进节点B(Evolved Node B，eNB)、下一代节点B(the next generation Node B，gNB)、新空口节点B(New Radio Node B，NR Node B)、接入点、中继站(Relay Base Station，RBS)、服务基站(Serving Base Station，SBS)、基收发机站(Base Transceiver Station，BTS)、无线电基站、无线电收发机、基本服务集(Basic Service Set，BSS)、扩展服务集(Extended Service Set，ESS)、家用B节点(home Node B，HNB)、家用演进型B节点(home evolved Node B)、发送接收点(Transmission Reception Point，TRP)或所述领域中其他某个合适的术语，只要达到相同的技术效果，所述基站不限于特定技术词汇，需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中仅以NR系统中的基站为例进行介绍，并不限定基站的具体类型。
核心网设备可以包含但不限于如下至少一项：核心网节点、核心网功能、移动管理实体(Mobility Management Entity，MME)、接入移动管理功能(Access and Mobility Management Function，AMF)、会话管理功能(Session Management Function，SMF)、用户平面功能(User Plane Function，UPF)、策略控制功能(Policy Control Function，PCF)、策略与计费规则功能单元(Policy and Charging Rules Function，PCRF)、边缘应用服务发现功能(Edge Application Server Discovery Function，EASDF)、统一数据管理(Unified Data Management，UDM)、统一数据仓储(Unified Data Repository，UDR)、归属用户服务器(Home Subscriber Server，HSS)、集中式网络配置(Centralized network configuration，CNC)、网络存储功能(Network Repository Function，NRF)、网络开放功能(Network Exposure Function，NEF)、本地NEF(Local NEF，或L-NEF)、绑定支持功能(Binding Support Function，BSF)、应用功能(Application Function，AF)等。需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中仅以NR系统中的核心网设备为例进行介绍，并不限定核心网设备的具体类型。
下面结合附图，通过一些实施例及其应用场景对本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法、装置及通信设备进行详细地说明。
参见图2，图2是本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输方法的流程图，如图2所示，数据传输方法包括以下步骤：
步骤101、第一节点向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
其中，所述数据传输方式可以包括：基于数据面承载数据，或基于数据承载方式承载数据，或基于用户面承载数据，或基于协议数据单元(Protocol Data Unit，PDU)会话方式承载数据，或基于控制面承载数据等等。本实施例对具体的数据传输方式不进行限定。该数据传输方式可以为用于数据传输的数据承载方式。第一指示信息可以用于指示用于数据传输的数据承载方式。
另外，第一节点向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息之后，所述第一节点可以接收所述数据提供节点基于所述第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式发送的数据。
一种实施方式中，在数据提供节点支持所述第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式的情况下，所述第一节点接收所述数据提供节点基于所述第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式发送的数据。
另外，第一节点向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息之前，所述第一节点向第二节点发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求确定数据传输方式，所述第一节点接收所述第二节点根据所述第一请求发送的第一响应，其中，所述第一指示信息基于所述第一响应确定，从而由第一节点、第二节点及数据提供节点共同配合实现数据传输；或者，第一节点可以根据数据提供节点支持的数据传输方式确定数据提供节点传输数据的传输方式；或者，第一节点还可以考虑网络环境确定数据提供节点传输数据的传输方式；等等，本实施例对此不进行限定。
需要说明的是，第一指示信息可以用于指示数据传输的传输方式，该数据传输可以包括定位数据传输，或感知数据传输，或计算数据传输，或人工智能(Artificial Intelligence，AI)数据传输等等，从而能够实现定位、感知、计算和AI多种数据的传输需求。
所述定位数据包括由用户设备(User Equipment，UE)和/或基站提供或接收的辅助数据(assistance data)、位置信息(location information)、定位测量(positioning measurement)等，例如NR协议TS37.355和38.455等定位协议中的全球导航卫星系统(Global Navigation Satellite System，GNSS)辅助数据、传感器辅助数据、WLAN辅助数据、GNSS位置信息、到达时间差(Time Difference of Arrival，TDOA)位置信息、参考信号接收功率(Reference Signal Received Power，RSRP)、参考信号接收质量(Reference Signal Received Quality，RSRQ)等。
所述感知数据包括辅助数据、感知结果、感知测量等。其中辅助数据包括位置信息、传感器(如摄像头、陀螺仪等)辅助数据等；感知结果包括速度、距离、角度、雨量、是否入侵、呼吸次数等；感知测量结果包括UE和/或基站接收的信号或其信道响应的复数结果，如幅度/相位，I路/Q路及其相关运算结果；感知测量结果还包括基于对接收的信号或原始信道信息的处理所获取的测量数据，例如时延、多普勒、角度、强度，及其多维组合表示。
所述计算数据包括辅助数据、计算服务的输入数据、计算服务的输出数据等。其中辅助数据包括计算服务信息(用于表示提供什么服务或服务标识，例如渲染服务、AI推理服务等)、计算负载信息(用于表示计算负载状态，例如渲染服务负载30％，中央控制单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)利用率等)；计算服务输入/输出数据是所请求计算服务的输入/输出信息，例如渲染服务的输入数据为音频和视频的描述文件，输出数据为二维或三维图像。
所述AI数据包括AI模型训练数据，AI模型数据等，其中AI模型训练数据是指用来训练AI模型的数据；AI模型数据是指AI模型本身，包括模型结构、参数等。
另外，数据提供节点可以为终端，第一节点为核心网功能；或数据提供节点可以为终端，第一节点为无线接入网功能；或数据提供节点为基站，第一节点为核心网功能；或数据提供节点为基站，第一节点为终端；数据提供节点为终端，第一节点为无线接入网功能；等等；数据提供节点及第一节点可根据需求灵活设置，从而可根据需求灵活支持数据终结在无线接入网、核心网或终端。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例可以用于5.5G或6G系统或后续演进系统。
作为一种具体的实施例，第一指示信息可以为传输方式指示信息，第一节点发送传输方式指示信息给数据提供功能，数据提供功能可以是用户设备(User Equipment，UE)，和/或基站；数据提供功能基于所指示的传输方式发送数据给第一节点；其中，所述传输方式包括基于数据面或数据承载，或基于用户面或PDU会话(session)承载。在该实施例中，第一节点发送第一请求给第二节点，第二节点(如数据面控制功能)根据第一请求，发送 第一响应给第一节点，该第一响应至少包括接受第一请求及数据面承载标识。在该实施例中，UE和第一节点进行能力交互，所述能力至少包括基于数据面或数据承载的定位或感知或计算或AI数据传输或上报的能力，或，基于用户面或PDU session的定位或感知或计算或AI数据传输或上报的能力。在该实施例中，基站和第二节点进行Nx接口建立交互。
相关技术中，MDT、QoE和定位等终端数据采集配置和上报均基于控制面承载(如信令无线承载(Signalling Radio Bearer，SRB))，相关的配置信息和数据上报都基于控制面承载传输。随着感知、计算和AI的引入，网络内部数据采集和传输需求所需传输的数据量范围既包括少量数据传输也包括大量数据(几百M到几百G)传输。相关技术中在探索基于用户面定位或感知数据传输，如果面向定位、感知、计算或AI(如AI训练数据、AI模型数据)等分别定义基于用户面的方案有可能产生多种协议栈，导致网络和终端功能复杂。并且，因用户面的终结点在UE和用户面功能(User Plane Function，UPF)之后的应用功能，因此基于用户面的方案无法支持数据终结在无线接入网节点。未来6G协议设计需考虑从架构和协议上形成统一和灵活的方案满足潜在的网络内部数据采集和传输需求。
在本申请实施例中，第一节点向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式，这样，支持通过第一指示信息指示进行数据传输的传输方式，避免数据单一地由控制面承载传输，能够提高数据传输的灵活性。
可选地，所述第一节点向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息之后，所述方法还包括：
所述第一节点接收所述数据提供节点基于所述第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式发送的数据。
其中，在所述第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式包括基于数据面承载数据的情况下，所述第一节点接收所述数据提供节点基于数据面承载发送的数据；在所述第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式包括基于数据承载方式承载数据的情况下，所述第一节点接收所述数据提供节点基于数据承载方式承载发送的数据；在所述第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式包括基于用户面承载数据的情况下，所述第一节点接收所述数据提供节点基于用户面承载发送的数据；在所述第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式包括基于PDU会话方式承载数据的情况下，所述第一节点接收所述数据提供节点基于PDU会话方式承载发送的数据；在所述第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式包括基于控制面承载数据的情况下，所述第一节点接收所述数据提供节点基于控制面承载发送的数据。
该实施方式中，所述第一节点接收所述数据提供节点基于所述第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式发送的数据，从而数据提供节点能够基于第一指示信息灵活地向第一节点传输数据。
可选地，所述数据传输方式包括如下至少一项：
基于数据面承载数据；
基于数据承载方式承载数据；
基于用户面承载数据；
基于协议数据单元PDU会话方式承载数据。
需要说明的是，PDU会话方式为用户面下的承载方式，数据承载方式为数据面下的承载方式。数据承载方式可以采用其他描述，凡是数据面下的承载方式均可以作为数据承载方式。
另外，所述数据传输方式还可以包括基于控制面承载数据。根据控制面(control plane)和用户面(user plane)协议架构的定义，如图3所示，用户面由服务数据适应协议(Service Data Adaptation Protocol，SDAP)、分组数据汇聚协议(Packet Data Convergence Protocol，PDCP)、无线链路控制(Radio Link Control，RLC)、媒体接入控制(Medium Access Control，MAC)和物理层(Physical，PHY)组成，如图4所示，控制面由无线资源控制(Radio Resource Control，RRC)、PDCP、RLC、MAC和PHY组成。
相关技术中，适用于定位场景的定位协议栈如图5和图6所示，图5为UE与位置管理功能(Location Management Function，LMF)之间的定位协议栈示意图，图6为NG RAN与LMF之间的定位协议栈示意图。本实施例中，通过引入基于数据面的传输方式，可引入新的协议层用于定位场景。
需要说明的是，如图7所示，数据面由核心网数据面功能、无线接入网数据面功能和UE数据面功能组成，具备端到端的连通性。数据面负责数据控制，包括数据收集协调、数据收集配置和数据传输配置等。数据面还负责数据采集、数据传输、数据预处理、数据隐私安全、数据分析、数据存储和数据服务等功能。一种终结在无线接入网的数据面协议架构示意图如图8所示。一种UE、无线接入网和核心网的数据面协议架构示意图如图9所示。
另外，引入的新的协议层架构不仅可适用于定位场景，还可以适用于自组织网络(Self-Organized Network，SON)/MDT、感知和AI场景。当引入数据面后，一种基于数据面的SON/MDT、定位、感知和AI示意图如图10所示。对于数据面的数据传输，引入的新协议层，为了描述的方便，可以称之为数据面适配协议(Data Plane Adaptation Protocol，DPAP)，该协议层用于传输数据面的数据，该协议层也可以用于生成数据面的数据，比如数据面的信令数据。
可选地，所述第一节点向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息之前，所述方法还包括：
所述第一节点向第二节点发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求确定数据传输方式；
所述第一节点接收所述第二节点根据所述第一请求发送的第一响应；其中，所述第一指示信息基于所述第一响应确定。
其中，可以在所述第一响应指示接受所述第一请求的情况下，第一节点根据所述第一响应包括的承载标识确定第一指示信息；或，可以在所述第一响应指示拒绝所述第一请求的情况下，第一节点确定第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式为基于控制面承载数据，此时，数据提供节点默认采用相关技术中的方式发送数据。
一种实施方式中，可以在所述第一响应指示接受所述第一请求的情况下，第一节点根据所述第一响应确定第一指示信息。
示例地，所述第一响应可以包括数据面承载标识，第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式可以为基于数据面承载数据或基于数据承载方式承载数据，第一指示信息可以携带该数据面承载标识；或，所述第一响应可以包括PDU会话标识，第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式可以为基于用户面承载数据或基于PDU会话方式承载数据，第一指示信息可以携带该PDU会话标识。
该实施方式中，所述第一节点向第二节点发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求确定数据传输方式；所述第一节点接收所述第二节点根据所述第一请求发送的第一响应；其中，所述第一指示信息基于所述第一响应确定。这样，通过第一节点和第二节点之间的交互确定数据提供节点向第一节点进行数据传输的传输方式，从而由第一节点、第二节点及数据提供节点共同配合实现数据传输。
可选地，所述第一请求包括如下至少一项：
数据传输请求；
控制请求。
其中，数据传输请求可以为数据传输相关的请求。
一种实施方式中，在所述第一请求包括数据传输请求的情况下，所述第二节点可以执行数据传输配置操作：其中，所述数据传输配置操作包括如下至少一项：建立数据传输通道；修改数据传输通道；释放数据传输通道；数据传输服务质量(Quality of Service，QoS)管理。
其中，控制请求可以为控制相关的请求，示例地，可以为控制信令相关的请求。
一种实施方式中，在所述第一请求包括控制请求的情况下，所述第二节点可以执行如下至少一项操作：确定数据提供节点；执行数据收集协调配置；执行数据上报配置；执行数据处理配置。
其中，所述执行数据收集协调配置包括如下至少一项：基于所述第一请求或数据订阅信息确定所述第一节点所需数据是否可用；确定可提供所述第一节点所需数据的数据提供节点；向所述第一节点发送数据收集配置；或
所述执行数据上报配置包括对数据提供节点提供的数据的数据包封装进行配置；或
所述执行数据处理配置包括对数据处理节点进行数据处理配置。
其中，所述数据处理节点可以为数据传输节点、数据接收节点及第三节点中的至少一项。
需要说明的是，第三节点可以是数据传输中的数据传输节点和数据接收节点之外的UE或网络功能节点。当数据处理节点是传输该数据的数据传输节点时，该数据传输和处理方式也可以被称为随路计算。
其中，所述对数据提供节点提供的数据的数据包封装进行配置包括：对数据提供节点提供的数据的数据包封装配置如下至少一项：数据包长度大小；数据包长度的分布特征；数据包时间间隔；数据包发送时间间隔的分布特征；是否由数据提供节点对数据加密，是 否由数据提供节点对数据加扰。
可选地，在所述第一请求包括数据传输请求的情况下，所述第一请求携带如下至少一项：
第二指示信息，用于指示数据特征已知或未知，所述数据特征包括如下至少一项：数据包长度大小；数据包长度的分布特征；数据包时间间隔；数据包发送时间间隔的分布特征；
第三指示信息，用于指示如下至少一项：数据传输是否需加密或解密；数据传输是否需完整性保护；数据传输的服务质量QoS需求；
第四指示信息，用于指示数据传输的控制信息，所述控制信息包括如下至少一项：数据传输所需数据项；数据提供节点标识；数据提供节点要求；
第五指示信息，用于指示数据传输的传输类型，所述数据传输的传输类型包括如下至少一项：透传；非透传；
第六指示信息，用于指示传输数据类型。
其中，传输类型为透传是指第一节点所需数据仅通过数据面传输，数据面不解析第一节点所需数据。传输类型为非透传是指数据面除负责第一节点所需数据的传输外，还负责确定数据提供节点、数据收集配置、数据上报配置和数据处理配置中的至少一项。
可选地，所述传输数据类型包括如下至少一项：
定位数据；感知数据；计算数据；人工智能AI数据。
该实施方式中，所述传输数据类型包括如下至少一项：定位数据；感知数据；计算数据；人工智能AI数据。从而本申请实施例的数据传输方法可以兼容定位、感知、计算和AI多种数据的传输需求，无需为每种数据单独定义一套协议，能够降低协议复杂度和节省信令开销。
可选地，所述第一响应包括如下至少一项：
第七指示信息，所述第七指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝所述第一请求；
数据面承载标识；
PDU会话标识。
可选地，所述第一节点向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息之前，所述方法还包括：
所述第一节点接收所述数据提供节点发送的能力上报信息；
其中，所述能力上报信息用于指示如下至少一项：
支持或不支持基于数据面承载数据；
支持或不支持基于数据承载方式承载数据；
支持或不支持基于用户面承载数据；
支持或不支持基于PDU会话方式承载数据。
该实施方式中，所述第一节点接收所述数据提供节点发送的能力上报信息；其中，所述能力上报信息用于指示如下至少一项：支持或不支持基于数据面承载数据；支持或不支 持基于数据承载方式承载数据；支持或不支持基于用户面承载数据；支持或不支持基于PDU会话方式承载数据。从而第一节点能够考虑数据提供节点发送的能力上报信息确定数据传输方式。
可选地，数据提供节点为终端，第一节点及第二节点均为核心网功能；或
数据提供节点为终端，第一节点及第二节点均为无线接入网功能；或
数据提供节点为基站，第一节点及第二节点均为核心网功能；或
数据提供节点为基站，第一节点为终端；或
数据提供节点为终端，第一节点为核心网功能，第二节点为无线接入网功能；或
数据提供节点为终端，第一节点为无线接入网功能，第二节点为核心网功能。
该实施方式中，数据提供节点、第一节点和第二节点可根据需求灵活设置，从而可根据需求灵活支持数据终结在无线接入网、核心网或UE。
作为一个具体的实施例，数据传输方法可以应用于数据传输系统，该数据传输系统包括第一节点(也可以称为第一功能)，第二节点(也可以称为第二功能)及数据提供节点(也可以称为数据提供功能)。
该实施例可用于移动网络内部数据传输。在本申请实施例中，第二节点可以负责数据传输配置。可选地，第二节点还可以负责数据收集协调(Data Collection Coordination)、数据上报配置和数据处理配置中的一项或多项。其中，
数据收集协调是指第二节点根据所接收到的数据请求和/或数据订阅信息确定所需数据是否可用，确定可提供所需数据的数据提供节点，并发送数据收集配置；
数据上报配置是指对数据提供节点所提供数据的数据包封装进行配置，包括数据包长度大小，数据包长度的分布特征，数据包时间间隔，数据包发送时间间隔的分布特征，数据提供节点是否对数据加密，数据提供节点是否对数据加扰。如果加密或加扰，需要对密钥和加扰序列等进行配置；
数据传输配置是指建立、修改、释放数据传输通道和数据传输QoS管理；
数据处理配置是指对数据处理节点进行数据处理配置，包括数据预处理(如滤波、脱敏)、数据分析等。所述数据处理节点是数据传输节点、数据接收节点及第三节点中的至少一项。其中，第三节点可以是所述数据传输中的数据传输节点和数据接收节点之外的UE或网络功能节点。当数据处理节点是传输该数据的数据传输节点时，这一数据传输和处理方式也可以被称为随路计算。
另外，第一节点可以负责定位、感知、计算或AI中至少一项网络功能，可以将第一节点所需的数据称为移动网络内部数据。第一节点可以是核心网网络功能，如定位管理功能LMF，感知功能(Sensing function，SF)，网络数据分析功能(Network Data Analytics Function，NWDAF)，分析数据存储功能(Analytics Data Repository Function，ADRF)，模型训练逻辑功能(Model Training logical function，MTLF)，计算功能或AI模型功能等。考虑6G感知辅助通信，无线接入网与计算融合，以及无线AI用例，第一节点也可以无线接入网网络功 能。
一种实施方式中，数据传输方法包括如下过程：
(1)第一节点向第二节点发送第一请求，第一请求包括以下至少一项：
请求类型；
请求的数据类型。
其中，请求类型可以包括数据传输请求，控制请求和数据传输请求，控制请求中至少一项。数据传输请求是指需第二节点负责所需数据传输，包括数据传输，以及数据传输所需的数据传输通道的建立、修改或释放。控制请求是指需第二节点负责确定数据提供节点、数据收集配置、数据上报配置和数据处理配置中的至少一项。数据传输的传输类型也可以称为数据面透传模式(transparent mode)。
如果请求类型为数据传输请求，则第一请求可指示数据特征已知或未知。其中，数据特征包括数据包长度大小，数据包长度的分布特征，数据包时间间隔，数据包发送时间间隔的分布特征中至少一项。
如果请求类型为数据传输请求，或者控制请求和数据传输请求，则第一请求可指示数据传输是否需加解密，数据传输是否需完整性保护，数据传输的QoS需求。
如果请求类型为数据传输请求，或者控制请求和数据传输请求，则第一请求可指示控制信息，包括所需的数据项(或测量量)，数据提供节点标识，数据提供节点要求(例如地理位置区域要求、移动速度要求等)。
另外，请求的数据类型用于指示所需传输的数据属于哪一数据分类，例如定位、感知、计算、AI等。
(2)第二节点(数据面控制功能)根据第一请求，确定合适的数据面承载，可以是已有的数据面承载满足所需要求，也可以是新建数据面承载满足所需要求，也可以是修改已有的数据面承载满足所需要求。第二节点发送第一响应给第一节点，至少包括接受第一请求及数据面承载标识。
(3)第一节点发送传输方式指示信息给数据提供节点，数据提供节点可以是UE和/或基站，传输方式包括如下至少一种：
指示采用相关技术中的默认承载方式传输，即采用定位协议(例如LTE定位协议(LTE Positioning Protocol，LPP))会话(session)和事务(transaction)提供辅助数据(assistance data)和/或位置信息(location information)，和/或定位测量(positioning measurement)；
指示基于数据面或数据承载方式传输，并指示数据承载标识；
指示基于用户面或PDU session方式传输，并指示PDU session标识(Identify，ID)和/或QoS流(flow)标识。
(4)数据提供节点根据传输方式指示信息，将数据映射到所指示的数据面承载或PDU session承载发送给第一节点。
参见图11，图11是本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输方法的流程图，如图11所示， 数据传输方法包括以下步骤：
步骤201、第二节点接收第一节点发送的第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求确定数据传输方式；
步骤202、所述第二节点根据所述第一请求向所述第一节点发送第一响应。
可选地，所述数据传输方式包括如下至少一项：
基于数据面承载数据；
基于数据承载方式承载数据；
基于用户面承载数据；
基于PDU会话方式承载数据。
可选地，在所述第一请求包括数据传输请求的情况下，所述方法还包括：
所述第二节点执行数据传输配置操作：
其中，所述数据传输配置操作包括如下至少一项：
建立数据传输通道；
修改数据传输通道；
释放数据传输通道；
数据传输QoS管理。
可选地，在所述第一请求包括控制请求的情况下，所述方法还包括：
所述第二节点执行如下至少一项操作：
确定数据提供节点；
执行数据收集协调配置；
执行数据上报配置；
执行数据处理配置。
可选地，所述执行数据收集协调配置包括如下至少一项：基于所述第一请求或数据订阅信息确定所述第一节点所需数据是否可用；确定可提供所述第一节点所需数据的数据提供节点；向所述第一节点发送数据收集配置；或
所述执行数据上报配置包括对数据提供节点提供的数据的数据包封装进行配置；或
所述执行数据处理配置包括对数据处理节点进行数据处理配置。
可选地，所述对数据提供节点提供的数据的数据包封装进行配置包括：
对数据提供节点提供的数据的数据包封装配置如下至少一项：
数据包长度大小；数据包长度的分布特征；数据包时间间隔；数据包发送时间间隔的分布特征；是否由数据提供节点对数据加密，是否由数据提供节点对数据加扰。
可选地，所述第一请求包括如下至少一项：
数据传输请求；
控制请求。
可选地，在所述第一请求包括数据传输请求的情况下，所述第一请求携带如下至少一 项：
第二指示信息，用于指示数据特征已知或未知，所述数据特征包括如下至少一项：数据包长度大小；数据包长度的分布特征；数据包时间间隔；数据包发送时间间隔的分布特征；
第三指示信息，用于指示如下至少一项：数据传输是否需加密或解密；数据传输是否需完整性保护；数据传输的QoS需求；
第四指示信息，用于指示数据传输的控制信息，所述控制信息包括如下至少一项：数据传输所需数据项；数据提供节点标识；数据提供节点要求；
第五指示信息，用于指示数据传输的传输类型，所述数据传输的传输类型包括如下至少一项：透传；非透传；
第六指示信息，用于指示传输数据类型。
需要说明的是，本实施例作为与图2所示的实施例中对应的第二节点的实施方式，其具体的实施方式可以参见图2所示的实施例的相关说明，为避免重复说明，本实施例不再赘述。
参见图12，图12是本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输方法的流程图，如图12所示，数据传输方法包括以下步骤：
步骤301、数据提供节点接收第一节点发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
可选地，所述数据提供节点接收第一节点发送的第一指示信息之后，所述方法还包括：
所述数据提供节点基于所述第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式向所述第一节点发送数据。
可选地，所述数据提供节点接收第一节点发送的第一指示信息之前，所述方法还包括：
所述数据提供节点向所述第一节点发送能力上报信息；
其中，所述能力上报信息用于指示如下至少一项：
支持或不支持基于数据面承载数据；
支持或不支持基于数据承载方式承载数据；
支持或不支持基于用户面承载数据；
支持或不支持基于PDU会话方式承载数据。
可选地，所述数据传输方式包括如下至少一项：
基于数据面承载数据；
基于数据承载方式承载数据；
基于用户面承载数据；
基于PDU会话方式承载数据。
需要说明的是，本实施例作为与图2所示的实施例中对应的数据提供节点的实施方式，其具体的实施方式可以参见图2所示的实施例的相关说明，为避免重复说明，本实施例不 再赘述。
下面通过几个具体的实施例对本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法进行说明：
在下面的实施例中，数据提供节点可以描述为数据提供功能，第一节点可以描述为第一功能，第二节点可以描述为第二功能。
实施例1:
在该实施例中，数据提供节点为UE，第二节点和第一节点为核心网功能。
假设仍然使用相关技术中的标准定义的LPP协议或新增的感知协议或AI协议等，本实施例可以用于当相关技术中的基于控制面(Control Plane，CP)的定位协议等需要传输较大量的数据时的移动网络内部数据传输场景。本实施例可以用于定位协议等需要较大量数据的数据传输场景，但不局限于定位，也适用于其它基于CP的感知协议、AI协议等需要较大量数据的数据传输场景，下面以定位协议相关的数据传输场景为例进行说明。
首先，在UE和LMF的LPP请求能力(request capabilities)交互流程中，增加位置信息传输(location information transfer)或报告(report)能力。相关技术中的能力主要是面向增强型小区ID(Enhance Cell ID，ECID)或离去角(Angle-of-Departure，AOD)或到达时差(Difference Of Arrival，DOA)等定位方法，UE传输或上报位置信息(location information)仅能基于LPP协议建立的LPP session/transaction进行传输。增加location information transfer或report capability是指在LPP request capabilities中增加基于数据面或数据承载的location information传输或上报，和/或，基于用户面或PDU session的location information传输或上报，UE在LPP provide capabilities中指示是否支持。所述数据面或数据承载是指面向移动网络内部数据的传输承载，数据面协议栈示例见图8至图10。
其次，LMF根据UE能力，和/或需传输的数据量信息确定是否使用基于数据面或数据承载，或者基于用户面或PDU session进行数据传输。如果使用，那么第一节点(LMF)向第二节点发送第一请求，请求信息包括如下至少一项：
请求类型：数据或transparent mode；或者可以理解为，第一请求包括数据传输请求，第一请求携带的第五指示信息，指示数据传输的传输类型为透传。
指示数据特征是否已知的指示信息，如果是网络配置的位置测量信息上报，则根据测量上报配置可知数据特征，包括数据包大小和上报间隔；
指示数据传输配置的指示信息，包括数据传输是否需加解密，数据传输是否需完整性保护，数据传输的QoS要求中至少一项；
数据类型：定位；或者可以理解为，第一请求携带的第六指示信息，指示传输数据类型为定位数据。
再次，第二节点(数据面控制功能)可以根据第一请求，确定合适的数据面承载或用户面承载。以确定合适的数据面承载为例，可以是已有的数据面承载满足所需要求，也可以是新建数据面承载满足所需要求，也可以是修改已有的数据面承载满足所需要求。第二节点发送第一响应给第一节点，若存在合适的数据面承载，则第一响应至少包括指示接受 第一请求的指示信息及数据面承载标识；若没有合适的数据面承载，则第一响应至少包括指示拒绝第一请求的指示信息，可选地还可以包括拒绝原因，例如资源不足，无法满足QoS等。
需要说明的是，若根据第一请求确定的是基于用户面的数据传输方式，则第二节点可以是SMF。第二节点确定合适的PDU session和/或QoS flow，如果可以满足需求，则发送第一响应给第一节点，第一响应可以至少包括指示接受第一请求的指示信息，PDU session ID和/或QoS流标识(QoS Flow Identifier，QFI)。
另外，若UE支持基于数据面或数据承载的location information传输或上报，则LMF在LPP提供辅助数据(provides assistance data)和/或LPP请求位置信息(request location information)消息中可指示LPP provide assistance data和/或LPP provide location information的传输方式，传输方式包括如下至少一种：
指示采用相关技术中的默认承载方式传输，即采用LPP session和transaction提供assistance data和/或location information；
指示基于数据面或数据承载方式传输，并指示数据承载标识；
指示基于用户面或PDU session方式传输，并指示PDU session ID和/或QoS flow标识。
最后，UE根据传输方式指示信息，将assistance data和/或location information发送给LMF，例如映射到所指示的数据面或PDU session承载发送给LMF。
需要说明的是：LMF可以是SF等，LPP协议可以是感知协议(sensing protocol)等，本实施例不局限于定位场景。
实施例2:
在该实施例中，数据提供节点为UE，第二节点和第一节点为无线接入网功能。
假设仍然使用相关技术中的标准定义的QoE或MDT或SON，或潜在的感知或AI训练数据或AI模型等。本实施例可以用于当相关技术中的基于CP的QoE或MDT或SON，以及感知或AI训练数据或AI模型需要传输较大量的数据时的移动网络内部数据传输场景。本实施例可以用于QoE等需要较大量数据的数据传输场景，也适用于其它MDT或SON，以及感知或AI训练数据或AI模型等需要较大量数据的数据传输场景，下面以QoE相关的数据传输场景为例进行说明。
首先，在UE进行能力上报时需指示是否支持基于数据面或数据承载。作为第一节点的无线接入网功能节点(gNB或中央单元(Centralized Unit，CU)-控制面(CP))根据UE能力，和/或需传输的数据量信息确定是否使用基于数据面或数据承载进行数据传输。如果使用，则第一节点(gNB)向第二节点发送第一请求，请求信息包括如下至少一项：
请求类型：数据或transparent mode；或者可以理解为，第一请求包括数据传输请求，第一请求携带的第五指示信息，指示数据传输的传输类型为透传。
指示数据特征是否已知的指示信息，如果何时发生所指示业务未知及QoE的数据大小未知，则数据特征为未知；
指示数据传输配置的指示信息，包括数据传输是否需加解密，数据传输是否需完整性保护，数据传输的QoS要求中至少一项；
数据类型：QoE；或者可以理解为，第一请求携带的第六指示信息，指示传输数据类型为QoE数据。
再次，第二节点(无线接入网数据面控制功能)根据第一请求，确定合适的数据面无线承载，可以是已有的无线数据面承载满足所需要求，也可以是新建数据面无线承载满足所需要求，也可以是修改已有的数据面无线承载满足所需要求。第二节点发送第一响应给第一节点，若存在合适的数据面承载，则第一响应至少包括指示接受第一请求的指示信息及数据面无线承载标识。若没有合适的数据面承载，则第一响应至少包括指示拒绝第一请求的指示信息，可选地还可以包括拒绝原因，例如资源不足，无法满足QoS等。
另外，若UE支持基于数据面或数据承载上报，则第一节点的无线接入网功能节点(gNB，CU-CP)可指示QoE上报的传输方式，传输方式包括如下至少一种：
默认采用相关技术中的方式传输，相关技术中的方式是采用SRB4；
指示基于数据面或数据承载方式传输，并指示数据承载标识。
示例地，可以通过RRCConnectionReconfiguration消息指示QoE上报的传输方式，在measConfigAppLayer-r15CHOICE增加报告指示(reportindication)，可以是指示默认(default)方式或基于数据面(data plane)承载方式，在指示基于数据面或数据承载方式时，可以新增数据面标识信息。
最后，UE根据传输方式指示信息，将QoE发送给基站或发送给跟踪收集实体IP地址(Trace Collection Entity IP Address)所对应的跟踪收集实体(trace Collection Entity，TCE)。
实施例3:
在该实施例中，数据提供节点为基站，第二节点和第一节点为核心网功能。
假设数据提供节点为基站(gNB，或TRP，或eNB，或6G无线接入网节点等)，第二节点和第一节点为核心网功能。假设仍然使用相关技术中的标准定义的NR定位协议A(NR positioning protocol A，NRPPa)协议或新增的感知协议或AI协议等，本实施例可以用于当相关技术中的基于CP的定位协议等需要传输较大量的数据时的移动网络内部数据传输场景。本实施例可以用于定位协议等需要较大量数据的数据传输场景，但不局限于定位，也适用于其它基于CP的感知协议、AI协议等需要较大量数据的数据传输场景，下面以定位协议相关的数据传输场景为例进行说明。
可选地，在基站和LMF交互流程中增加定位测量传输(positioning measurement transfer)或report信息，指示基站是否支持基于数据面或数据承载的定位测量(positioning measurement)传输或上报。所述数据面或数据承载是指面向移动网络内部数据的传输承载，数据面协议栈示例见图8至图10。
首先，LMF根据基站是否支持基于数据面或数据承载的positioning measurement传输或上报，和/或需传输的数据量信息确定是否使用基于数据面或数据承载进行数据传输。如果 使用，则第一节点(LMF)向第二节点发送第一请求，请求信息包括如下至少一项：
请求类型：数据或transparent mode；或者可以理解为，第一请求包括数据传输请求，第一请求携带的第五指示信息，指示数据传输的传输类型为透传。
指示数据特征是否已知的指示信息，如果是网络配置的位置测量信息上报，则根据测量上报配置可知数据特征，包括数据包大小和上报间隔；
指示数据传输配置的指示信息，包括数据传输是否需加解密，数据传输是否需完整性保护，数据传输的QoS要求中至少一项；
数据类型：定位；或者可以理解为，第一请求携带的第六指示信息，指示传输数据类型为定位数据。
可选地，第二节点向基站发送接口建立请求，假设接口名称为Nx，则接口建立请求可以为Nx建立请求(setup request)，接口建立请求至少包括第三功能标识。其中，第三功能是用于接收和转发基站发送数据的核心网网络功能，可以与第二节点相同，也可以不同。第三功能标识可作为基站向第二节点发送数据时的目标端使用。可选地，接口建立请求还可以包括所支持的公共陆地移动网络(Public Land Mobile Network，PLMN)信息及第三功能的能力信息中的至少一项。
其中，第三功能的能力信息包括如下至少一项：
第三功能支持接收和转发的数据类型列表，如定位、感知、AI、计算数据等；
第三功能支持数据存储指示，用于指示第三功能是否支持数据存储；
第三功能支持数据随路处理指示，用于指示第三功能是否支持对所转发的数据进行处理，然后再转发，其中，进行处理包括滤波、脱敏、去冗及分析等；
第三功能的地理位置范围，如跟踪区域(Tracking Area，TA)列表或RNA列表。
基站发送Nx接口建立响应消息。如果接口建立成功，则Nx接口建立响应消息至少包括基站标识(如全球(Global)RAN节点(Node)标识(Identifier，ID)，或者无线接入网第二节点ID)。可选地，Nx接口建立响应消息还可以包括支持的地理位置范围(如TA列表)，支持的PLMN列表，支持的数据类型列表(如定位、感知、AI、计算数据等)中的至少一项。如果接口建立失败，则Nx接口建立响应消息至少包括失败原因，例如传输层原因，或数据面协议原因等。
其次，基于已经建立的Nx接口，第二节点(数据面控制功能)根据第一请求，确定合适的数据面承载，可以是已有的数据面承载满足所需要求，也可以是新建数据面承载满足所需要求，也可以是修改已有的数据面承载满足所需要求。第二节点发送第一响应给第一节点，若存在合适的数据面承载，则第一响应至少包括指示接受第一请求的指示信息及数据面承载标识。其中，数据面承载标识可以是IP地址和端口号，或所述第三功能标识和/或基站与第三功能间的承载标识。若没有合适的数据面承载，则第一响应至少包括指示拒绝第一请求的指示信息，可选地还可以包括拒绝原因，例如资源不足，无法满足QoS等。
最后，LMF发送消息给基站指示测量(measurement)的传输方式，例如可以在NRPPa  MEASUREMENT REQUEST，或NRPPa POSITIONING INFORMATION REQUEST，或NRPPa POSITIONING ACTIVATION REQUEST中指示measurement的传输方式，传输方式包括如下至少一种：
默认采用相关技术中的方式传输，相关技术中的方式是采用NRPPa中的LMF实例ID和NRPPa-PDU进行传输；
指示基于数据面或数据承载方式传输，并指示数据承载标识，例如IP地址和端口号，或，所述第三功能标识和/或基站与第三功能间的承载标识。
另外，如果是UE相关的数据传输，例如实施例1中UE与核心网功能之间的数据传输需要经过基站传输，则LMF发送的消息还可以包含第二节点侧UE在Nx接口的标识，以及无线接入网侧UE在Nx接口的标识。
最后，基站根据传输方式指示信息，将measurement映射到所指示的数据面承载发送给LMF。
需要说明的是：LMF可以是SF等，NRPPa协议可以是sensing protocol A等，本实施例不局限于定位。
实施例4:
在该实施例中，数据提供节点为基站，第一节点为UE。
假设数据提供节点为基站(gNB，或TRP，或eNB，或6G无线接入网节点等)，第一节点为UE。第二节点可以是核心网功能或无线接入网功能、或UE。假设仍然使用相关技术中的标准定义的NRPPa协议或新增的感知协议或AI协议等，本实施例与实施例3的主要差别是，基站所获得的测量数据不是发送给核心网LMF，而是发送给UE。
可选地，UE和LMF交互location information transfer或report能力，详见实施例1阐述，此处不再赘述。可选地，在基站和LMF交互流程中增加positioning measurement transfer或report信息，指示基站是否支持基于数据面或数据承载的positioning measurement传输或上报。所述数据面或数据承载是指面向移动网络内部数据的传输承载，数据面协议栈示例见图8至图10。
当基站采用何种方式发送定位测量数据给UE是由LMF确定时，LMF根据UE和基站是否支持基于数据面或数据承载的positioning measurement传输或上报，和/或需传输的数据量信息确定是否使用基于数据面或数据承载进行数据传输。如果确定基于数据面或数据承载进行数据传输，则LMF向第二节点(核心网功能)发送第一请求，第二节点对UE和基站进行配置，详见实施例1中第二节点对UE的配置及实施例3中第二节点对基站的配置。基站根据传输方式指示信息，将measurement映射到所指示的数据面承载发送给UE。
当基站采用何种方式发送定位测量数据给UE是由UE和基站确定时，UE根据是否支持基于数据面或数据承载的positioning measurement传输或上报，和/或需传输的数据量信息确定是否使用基于数据面或数据承载进行数据传输。如果确定基于数据面或数据承载进行数据传输，则UE向第二节点(无线接入网功能)发送第一请求，在本实施例中第一请求隐 式指示了UE指示基站采用基于数据面或数据承载的方式进行数据传输。所述第一请求包括如下至少一项：
请求类型：数据或transparent mode；或者可以理解为，第一请求包括数据传输请求，第一请求携带的第五指示信息，指示数据传输的传输类型为透传。
指示数据特征是否已知的指示信息，如果是网络配置的位置测量信息上报，则根据测量上报配置可知数据特征，包括数据包大小和上报间隔；
指示数据传输配置的指示信息，包括数据传输是否需加解密，数据传输是否需完整性保护，数据传输的QoS要求中至少一项；
数据类型：定位；或者可以理解为，第一请求携带的第六指示信息，指示传输数据类型为定位数据。
然后，第二节点(无线接入网数据面控制功能)根据第一请求，确定合适的数据面无线承载，可以是已有的无线数据面承载满足所需要求，也可以是新建数据面无线承载满足所需要求，也可以是修改已有的数据面无线承载满足所需要求。第二节点发送第一响应给第一节点，若存在合适的数据面承载，则第一响应至少包括指示接受第一请求的指示信息及数据面无线承载标识。若没有合适的数据面承载，则第一响应至少包括指示拒绝第一请求的指示信息，可选地还可以包括拒绝原因，例如资源不足，无法满足QoS等。
最后，如果第二节点(无线接入网功能)接受第一请求，则基站根据传输方式指示信息，将measurement映射到所指示的数据面承载发送给UE。
需要说明的是，LMF可以是SF等，LPP协议可以是sensing protocol等，NRPPa协议可以是sensing protocol A等，本方法不局限于定位。
实施例5:
在该实施例中，数据提供节点为UE，第二节点和第一节点分离。第二节点和第一节点分离是指第二节点和第一节点不是同时属于核心网网络功能，也不是同时属于无线接入网网络功能，也不是同时属于UE功能。第二节点和第一节点属于UE、RAN或核心网(Core Network，CN)中的任意两种功能。
本实施例以第二节点为无线接入网(RAN)功能，第一节点为核心网(CN)功能为例进行说明。假设仍然使用相关技术中的标准定义的QoE，或MDT，或SON，或潜在的感知，或AI训练数据，或AI模型等，本实施例可以用于当相关技术中的基于CP的QoE或MDT或SON，以及感知或AI训练数据或AI模型需要传输较大量的数据时的移动网络内部数据传输场景。本实施例可以用于MDT相关的数据传输场景，也适用于其它SON或QoE，以及感知或AI训练数据/AI模型等需要较大量数据的数据传输场景，下面以MDT相关的数据传输场景为例进行说明。
首先，在UE进行能力上报时需指示是否支持基于数据面或数据承载。作为第一节点的核心网功能节点根据UE能力，和/或需传输的数据量信息确定是否使用基于数据面或数据承载进行数据传输。如果使用，则第一节点(核心网功能)向第二节点(无线接入网功能) 发送第一请求，请求信息包括如下至少一项：
请求类型：数据或transparent mode；或者可以理解为，第一请求包括数据传输请求，第一请求携带的第五指示信息，指示数据传输的传输类型为透传。
指示数据特征是否已知的指示信息，如果是网络配置的位置测量信息(MDT)上报，则根据测量上报配置可知数据特征，包括数据包大小和上报间隔，那么特征为已知；
指示数据传输配置的指示信息，包括数据传输是否需加解密，数据传输是否需完整性保护，数据传输的QoS要求中至少一项；
数据类型：MDT；或者可以理解为，第一请求携带的第六指示信息，指示传输数据类型为MDT数据。
再次，第二节点(无线接入网数据面控制功能)根据第一请求，确定合适的数据面无线承载，可以是已有的无线数据面承载满足所需要求，也可以是新建数据面无线承载满足所需要求，也可以是修改已有的数据面无线承载满足所需要求。第二节点发送第一响应给第一节点，若存在合适的数据面承载，则第一响应至少包括指示接受第一请求的指示信息及数据面无线承载标识。若没有合适的数据面承载，则第一响应至少包括指示拒绝第一请求的指示信息，可选地还可以包括拒绝原因，例如资源不足，无法满足QoS等。
另外，若UE支持基于数据面或数据承载上报，则第一节点可指示MDT上报的传输方式，传输方式包括如下至少一种：
默认采用相关技术中的方式传输，相关技术中的方式是采用SRB4；
指示基于数据面或数据承载方式传输，并指示数据承载标识。
示例地，可以是通过RRCConnectionReconfiguration消息指示MDT上报的传输方式，在measConfigAppLayer-r15CHOICE增加reportindication，可以是default或数据面(data plane)，在指示基于数据面或数据承载方式时，可以新增数据面标识信息。
最后，UE根据传输方式指示信息，将MDT发送给基站或发送给Trace Collection Entity IP Address所对应的跟踪收集实体(trace Collection Entity，TCE)。
实施例6:
在该实施例中，数据提供节点为UE，第二节点和第一节点分布式部署，第二节点为核心网功能，第一节点为无线接入网功能。假设仍然使用相关技术中的标准定义的LPP协议或新增的感知协议或AI协议等，为了让定位更加实时有效，将第一节点(数据消费)设置得更加靠近数据源，第二节点(数据控制功能)依然设置在中心控制节点上。本实施例可以用于定位协议等需要较大量数据的数据传输场景，但不局限于定位，也适用于其它基于CP的感知协议、AI协议等需要较大量数据的数据传输场景，下面以定位协议相关的数据传输场景为例进行说明。
首先，由于相关技术中的能力主要是面向ECID或AOD或TDOA等定位方法，UE传输或上报location information仅能基于LPP协议建立的LPP session/transaction进行传输，可以在UE和LMF的LPP request capabilities交互流程中，增加location information transfer或 report能力。所述增加location information transfer或report capability是指在LPP request capabilities中增加基于数据面或数据承载的location information传输或上报，UE在LPP provide capabilities中指示是否支持基于数据面或数据承载传输。其中，在本实施例中所述能力可以进一步分为支持基于核心网数据面或数据承载的location information传输上报，以及基于无线接入网数据面或数据承载的location information传输或上报。所述数据面或数据承载是指面向移动网络内部数据的传输承载，数据面协议栈示例见图8至图10，核心网数据面或数据承载见UE、无线接入网和核心网的数据面协议架构的第一数据面协议，无线接入网数据面或数据承载见终结在无线接入网的数据面协议架构。
其次，LMF根据UE能力，和/或需传输的数据量信息确定是否使用基于数据面或数据承载。如果使用，则第一节点(LMF)向第二节点发送第一请求，请求信息包括如下至少一项：
请求类型：数据或transparent mode；或者可以理解为，第一请求包括数据传输请求，第一请求携带的第五指示信息，指示数据传输的传输类型为透传。
指示数据特征是否已知的指示信息，如果是网络配置的位置测量信息上报，则根据测量上报配置可知数据特征，包括数据包大小和上报间隔；
指示数据传输配置的指示信息，包括数据传输是否需加解密，数据传输是否需完整性保护，数据传输的QoS要求中至少一项；
数据类型：定位；或者可以理解为，第一请求携带的第六指示信息，指示传输数据类型为定位数据。
再次，第二节点(数据面控制功能)根据第一请求，确定合适的数据面承载，可以是已有的数据面承载满足所需要求，也可以是新建数据面承载满足所需要求，也可以是修改已有的数据面承载满足所需要求。所述数据面承载是终结在基站的数据面承载，而非终结在核心网的数据面承载。第二节点发送响应给第一节点，若存在合适的数据面承载，则第一响应至少包括指示接受第一请求的指示信息及数据面承载标识。若没有合适的数据面承载，则第一响应至少包括指示拒绝第一请求的指示信息，可选地还可以包括拒绝原因，例如资源不足，无法满足QoS等。
另外，若UE支持基于数据面或数据承载的location information传输或上报，则LMF在LPP provides assistance data和/或LPP request location information消息中可指示LPP provide assistance data和/或LPP provide location information的传输方式，传输方式包括如下至少一种：
指示采用相关技术中的默认承载方式传输，即采用LPP session和transaction提供assistance data和/或location information；
指示基于数据面或数据承载方式传输，并指示数据承载标识。
最后，UE根据传输方式指示信息，将assistance data和/或location information映射到所指示的数据面承载发送给第一节点(基站)。
需要说明的是：LMF可以是SF等，LPP协议可以是sensing protocol等，本实施例不局限于定位场景。
在本实施例中，相比于基站从核心网LMF获取定位结果的相关技术中的方案，基站可直接接收UE的定位测量数据，处理并产生位置信息，可用于基站无线资源调度等这一类实时性要求较高的场景。本实施例可以避免UE的定位测量数据先经基站传输到LMF，经LMF产生定位结果后，再传输回给基站，从而达到了降低时延的效果。
本申请实施例提出了一种基于数据面的移动网络内部数据传输方法，可解决定位、感知、计算和AI(如AI训练数据、AI模型数据)等的大数据量传输问题，既可以复用相关技术中的协议方法，又可以灵活扩展支持大数据的传输方式，并且该传输方式是可以兼容定位、感知、计算和AI多种数据的传输需求，而无需每种单独定义；并且，该申请实施例可根据需求灵活支持数据终结在无线接入网、核心网或UE。
本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法，执行主体可以为数据传输装置。本申请实施例中以数据传输装置执行数据传输方法为例，说明本申请实施例提供的数据传输的装置。
请参见图13，图13是本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输装置的结构图，第一节点包括所述数据传输装置，如图13所示，数据传输装置400包括：
第一发送模块401，用于向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第一接收模块，用于接收所述数据提供节点基于所述第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式发送的数据。
可选地，所述数据传输方式包括如下至少一项：
基于数据面承载数据；
基于数据承载方式承载数据；
基于用户面承载数据；
基于协议数据单元PDU会话方式承载数据。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第二发送模块，用于向第二节点发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求确定数据传输方式；
第二接收模块，用于接收所述第二节点根据所述第一请求发送的第一响应；其中，所述第一指示信息基于所述第一响应确定。
可选地，所述第一请求包括如下至少一项：
数据传输请求；
控制请求。
可选地，在所述第一请求包括数据传输请求的情况下，所述第一请求携带如下至少一项：
第二指示信息，用于指示数据特征已知或未知，所述数据特征包括如下至少一项：数据包长度大小；数据包长度的分布特征；数据包时间间隔；数据包发送时间间隔的分布特征；
第三指示信息，用于指示如下至少一项：数据传输是否需加密或解密；数据传输是否需完整性保护；数据传输的服务质量QoS需求；
第四指示信息，用于指示数据传输的控制信息，所述控制信息包括如下至少一项：数据传输所需数据项；数据提供节点标识；数据提供节点要求；
第五指示信息，用于指示数据传输的传输类型，所述数据传输的传输类型包括如下至少一项：透传；非透传；
第六指示信息，用于指示传输数据类型。
可选地，所述传输数据类型包括如下至少一项：
定位数据；感知数据；计算数据；人工智能AI数据。
可选地，所述第一响应包括如下至少一项：
第七指示信息，所述第七指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝所述第一请求；
数据面承载标识；
PDU会话标识。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第三接收模块，用于接收所述数据提供节点发送的能力上报信息；
其中，所述能力上报信息用于指示如下至少一项：
支持或不支持基于数据面承载数据；
支持或不支持基于数据承载方式承载数据；
支持或不支持基于用户面承载数据；
支持或不支持基于PDU会话方式承载数据。
可选地，数据提供节点为终端，第一节点及第二节点均为核心网功能；或
数据提供节点为终端，第一节点及第二节点均为无线接入网功能；或
数据提供节点为基站，第一节点及第二节点均为核心网功能；或
数据提供节点为基站，第一节点为终端；或
数据提供节点为终端，第一节点为核心网功能，第二节点为无线接入网功能；或
数据提供节点为终端，第一节点为无线接入网功能，第二节点为核心网功能。
本申请实施例中的数据传输装置可以是电子设备，例如具有操作系统的电子设备，也可以是电子设备中的部件，例如集成电路或芯片。该电子设备可以是终端，也可以为除终端之外的其他设备。示例性的，终端可以包括但不限于上述所列举的终端11的类型，其他设备可以为服务器、网络附属存储器(Network Attached Storage，NAS)等，本申请实施例不作具体限定。
本申请实施例提供的数据传输装置能够实现图2的方法实施例实现的各个过程，并达 到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法，执行主体可以为数据传输装置。本申请实施例中以数据传输装置执行数据传输方法为例，说明本申请实施例提供的数据传输的装置。
请参见图14，图14是本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输装置的结构图，第二节点包括所述数据传输装置，如图14所示，数据传输装置500包括：
第四接收模块501，用于接收第一节点发送的第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求确定数据传输方式；
第三发送模块502，用于根据所述第一请求向所述第一节点发送第一响应。
可选地，所述数据传输方式包括如下至少一项：
基于数据面承载数据；
基于数据承载方式承载数据；
基于用户面承载数据；
基于PDU会话方式承载数据。
可选地，在所述第一请求包括数据传输请求的情况下，所述装置还包括：
第一执行模块，用于执行数据传输配置操作：
其中，所述数据传输配置操作包括如下至少一项：
建立数据传输通道；
修改数据传输通道；
释放数据传输通道；
数据传输QoS管理。
可选地，在所述第一请求包括控制请求的情况下，所述装置还包括：
第二执行模块，用于执行如下至少一项操作：
确定数据提供节点；
执行数据收集协调配置；
执行数据上报配置；
执行数据处理配置。
可选地，所述执行数据收集协调配置包括如下至少一项：基于所述第一请求或数据订阅信息确定所述第一节点所需数据是否可用；确定可提供所述第一节点所需数据的数据提供节点；向所述第一节点发送数据收集配置；或
所述执行数据上报配置包括对数据提供节点提供的数据的数据包封装进行配置；或
所述执行数据处理配置包括对数据处理节点进行数据处理配置。
可选地，所述对数据提供节点提供的数据的数据包封装进行配置包括：
对数据提供节点提供的数据的数据包封装配置如下至少一项：
数据包长度大小；数据包长度的分布特征；数据包时间间隔；数据包发送时间间隔的分布特征；是否由数据提供节点对数据加密，是否由数据提供节点对数据加扰。
可选地，所述第一请求包括如下至少一项：
数据传输请求；
控制请求。
可选地，在所述第一请求包括数据传输请求的情况下，所述第一请求携带如下至少一项：
第二指示信息，用于指示数据特征已知或未知，所述数据特征包括如下至少一项：数据包长度大小；数据包长度的分布特征；数据包时间间隔；数据包发送时间间隔的分布特征；
第三指示信息，用于指示如下至少一项：数据传输是否需加密或解密；数据传输是否需完整性保护；数据传输的QoS需求；
第四指示信息，用于指示数据传输的控制信息，所述控制信息包括如下至少一项：数据传输所需数据项；数据提供节点标识；数据提供节点要求；
第五指示信息，用于指示数据传输的传输类型，所述数据传输的传输类型包括如下至少一项：透传；非透传；
第六指示信息，用于指示传输数据类型。
本申请实施例中的数据传输装置可以是电子设备，例如具有操作系统的电子设备，也可以是电子设备中的部件，例如集成电路或芯片。该电子设备可以是终端，也可以为除终端之外的其他设备。示例性的，终端可以包括但不限于上述所列举的终端11的类型，其他设备可以为服务器、网络附属存储器(Network Attached Storage，NAS)等，本申请实施例不作具体限定。
本申请实施例提供的数据传输装置能够实现图11的方法实施例实现的各个过程，并达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法，执行主体可以为数据传输装置。本申请实施例中以数据传输装置执行数据传输方法为例，说明本申请实施例提供的数据传输的装置。
请参见图15，图15是本申请实施例提供的一种数据传输装置的结构图，数据提供节点包括所述数据传输装置，如图15所示，数据传输装置600包括：
第五接收模块601，用于接收第一节点发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第四发送模块，用于基于所述第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式向所述第一节点发送数据。
可选地，所述装置还包括：
第五发送模块，用于向所述第一节点发送能力上报信息；
其中，所述能力上报信息用于指示如下至少一项：
支持或不支持基于数据面承载数据；
支持或不支持基于数据承载方式承载数据；
支持或不支持基于用户面承载数据；
支持或不支持基于PDU会话方式承载数据。
可选地，所述数据传输方式包括如下至少一项：
基于数据面承载数据；
基于数据承载方式承载数据；
基于用户面承载数据；
基于PDU会话方式承载数据。
本申请实施例中的数据传输装置可以是电子设备，例如具有操作系统的电子设备，也可以是电子设备中的部件，例如集成电路或芯片。该电子设备可以是终端，也可以为除终端之外的其他设备。示例性的，终端可以包括但不限于上述所列举的终端11的类型，其他设备可以为服务器、网络附属存储器(Network Attached Storage，NAS)等，本申请实施例不作具体限定。
本申请实施例提供的数据传输装置能够实现图12的方法实施例实现的各个过程，并达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
可选地，如图16所示，本申请实施例还提供一种通信设备700，包括处理器701和存储器702，存储器702上存储有可在所述处理器701上运行的程序或指令，例如，该通信设备700为第一节点时，该程序或指令被处理器701执行时实现上述应用于第一节点的数据传输方法实施例的各个步骤，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。该通信设备700为第二节点时，该程序或指令被处理器701执行时实现上述应用于第二节点的数据传输方法实施例的各个步骤，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。该通信设备700为数据提供节点时，该程序或指令被处理器701执行时实现上述应用于数据提供节点的数据传输方法实施例的各个步骤，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信设备，该通信设备为第一节点，包括处理器及通信接口，其中，所述通信接口用于：向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信设备，该通信设备为第二节点，包括处理器及通信接口，其中，所述通信接口用于：接收第一节点发送的第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求确定数据传输方式；根据所述第一请求向所述第一节点发送第一响应。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信设备，该通信设备为数据提供节点，包括处理器及通信接口，其中，所述通信接口用于：接收第一节点发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
本申请实施例中的所述第一节点、第二节点或数据提供节点可以为终端。具体地，图17为实现本申请实施例的一种终端的硬件结构示意图。
该终端800包括但不限于：射频单元801、网络模块802、音频输出单元803、输入单元804、传感器805、显示单元806、用户输入单元807、接口单元808、存储器809以及处理器810等中的至少部分部件。
本领域技术人员可以理解，终端800还可以包括给各个部件供电的电源(比如电池)，电源可以通过电源管理系统与处理器810逻辑相连，从而通过电源管理系统实现管理充电、放电、以及功耗管理等功能。图17中示出的终端结构并不构成对终端的限定，终端可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置，在此不再赘述。
应理解的是，本申请实施例中，输入单元804可以包括图形处理器(Graphics Processing Unit，GPU)8041和麦克风8042，GPU8041对在视频捕获模式或图像捕获模式中由图像捕获装置(如摄像头)获得的静态图片或视频的图像数据进行处理。显示单元806可包括显示面板8061，可以采用液晶显示器、有机发光二极管等形式来配置显示面板8061。用户输入单元807包括触控面板8071以及其他输入设备8072中的至少一种。触控面板8 071，也称为触摸屏。触控面板8071可包括触摸检测装置和触摸控制器两个部分。其他输入设备8072可以包括但不限于物理键盘、功能键(比如音量控制按键、开关按键等)、轨迹球、鼠标、操作杆，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施例中，射频单元801接收来自网络侧设备的下行数据后，可以传输给处理器810进行处理；另外，射频单元801可以向网络侧设备发送上行数据。通常，射频单元801包括但不限于天线、放大器、收发信机、耦合器、低噪声放大器、双工器等。
存储器809可用于存储软件程序或指令以及各种数据。存储器809可主要包括存储程序或指令的第一存储区和存储数据的第二存储区，其中，第一存储区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需的应用程序或指令(比如声音播放功能、图像播放功能等)等。此外，存储器809可以包括易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或者，存储器809可以包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDRSDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synch link DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DRRAM)。本申请实施例中的存储器809包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
处理器810可包括一个或多个处理单元；可选的，处理器810集成应用处理器和调制解调处理器，其中，应用处理器主要处理涉及操作系统、用户界面和应用程序等的操作，调制解调处理器主要处理无线通信信号，如基带处理器。可以理解的是，上述调制解调处 理器也可以不集成到处理器810中。
在该终端为第一节点的情况下：
其中，所述射频单元801用于：
向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
可选地，所述射频单元801还用于：
接收所述数据提供节点基于所述第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式发送的数据。
可选地，所述数据传输方式包括如下至少一项：
基于数据面承载数据；
基于数据承载方式承载数据；
基于用户面承载数据；
基于协议数据单元PDU会话方式承载数据。
可选地，所述射频单元801还用于：
向第二节点发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求确定数据传输方式；
接收所述第二节点根据所述第一请求发送的第一响应；其中，所述第一指示信息基于所述第一响应确定。
可选地，所述第一请求包括如下至少一项：
数据传输请求；
控制请求。
可选地，在所述第一请求包括数据传输请求的情况下，所述第一请求携带如下至少一项：
第二指示信息，用于指示数据特征已知或未知，所述数据特征包括如下至少一项：数据包长度大小；数据包长度的分布特征；数据包时间间隔；数据包发送时间间隔的分布特征；
第三指示信息，用于指示如下至少一项：数据传输是否需加密或解密；数据传输是否需完整性保护；数据传输的服务质量QoS需求；
第四指示信息，用于指示数据传输的控制信息，所述控制信息包括如下至少一项：数据传输所需数据项；数据提供节点标识；数据提供节点要求；
第五指示信息，用于指示数据传输的传输类型，所述数据传输的传输类型包括如下至少一项：透传；非透传；
第六指示信息，用于指示传输数据类型。
可选地，所述传输数据类型包括如下至少一项：
定位数据；感知数据；计算数据；人工智能AI数据。
可选地，所述第一响应包括如下至少一项：
第七指示信息，所述第七指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝所述第一请求；
数据面承载标识；
PDU会话标识。
可选地，所述射频单元801还用于：
接收所述数据提供节点发送的能力上报信息；
其中，所述能力上报信息用于指示如下至少一项：
支持或不支持基于数据面承载数据；
支持或不支持基于数据承载方式承载数据；
支持或不支持基于用户面承载数据；
支持或不支持基于PDU会话方式承载数据。
可选地，数据提供节点为终端，第一节点及第二节点均为核心网功能；或
数据提供节点为终端，第一节点及第二节点均为无线接入网功能；或
数据提供节点为基站，第一节点及第二节点均为核心网功能；或
数据提供节点为基站，第一节点为终端；或
数据提供节点为终端，第一节点为核心网功能，第二节点为无线接入网功能；或
数据提供节点为终端，第一节点为无线接入网功能，第二节点为核心网功能。
在该终端为第二节点的情况下：
其中，所述射频单元801用于：
接收第一节点发送的第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求确定数据传输方式；
根据所述第一请求向所述第一节点发送第一响应。
可选地，所述数据传输方式包括如下至少一项：
基于数据面承载数据；
基于数据承载方式承载数据；
基于用户面承载数据；
基于PDU会话方式承载数据。
可选地，在所述第一请求包括数据传输请求的情况下，所述处理器810用于：
执行数据传输配置操作：
其中，所述数据传输配置操作包括如下至少一项：
建立数据传输通道；
修改数据传输通道；
释放数据传输通道；
数据传输QoS管理。
可选地，在所述第一请求包括控制请求的情况下，所述处理器810用于：
执行如下至少一项操作：
确定数据提供节点；
执行数据收集协调配置；
执行数据上报配置；
执行数据处理配置。
可选地，所述执行数据收集协调配置包括如下至少一项：基于所述第一请求或数据订阅信息确定所述第一节点所需数据是否可用；确定可提供所述第一节点所需数据的数据提供节点；向所述第一节点发送数据收集配置；或
所述执行数据上报配置包括对数据提供节点提供的数据的数据包封装进行配置；或
所述执行数据处理配置包括对数据处理节点进行数据处理配置。
可选地，所述对数据提供节点提供的数据的数据包封装进行配置包括：
对数据提供节点提供的数据的数据包封装配置如下至少一项：
数据包长度大小；数据包长度的分布特征；数据包时间间隔；数据包发送时间间隔的分布特征；是否由数据提供节点对数据加密，是否由数据提供节点对数据加扰。
可选地，所述第一请求包括如下至少一项：
数据传输请求；
控制请求。
可选地，在所述第一请求包括数据传输请求的情况下，所述第一请求携带如下至少一项：
第二指示信息，用于指示数据特征已知或未知，所述数据特征包括如下至少一项：数据包长度大小；数据包长度的分布特征；数据包时间间隔；数据包发送时间间隔的分布特征；
第三指示信息，用于指示如下至少一项：数据传输是否需加密或解密；数据传输是否需完整性保护；数据传输的QoS需求；
第四指示信息，用于指示数据传输的控制信息，所述控制信息包括如下至少一项：数据传输所需数据项；数据提供节点标识；数据提供节点要求；
第五指示信息，用于指示数据传输的传输类型，所述数据传输的传输类型包括如下至少一项：透传；非透传；
第六指示信息，用于指示传输数据类型。
在该终端为数据提供节点的情况下：
其中，所述射频单元801用于：
接收第一节点发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
可选地，所述射频单元801还用于：
基于所述第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式向所述第一节点发送数据。
可选地，所述射频单元801还用于：
向所述第一节点发送能力上报信息；
其中，所述能力上报信息用于指示如下至少一项：
支持或不支持基于数据面承载数据；
支持或不支持基于数据承载方式承载数据；
支持或不支持基于用户面承载数据；
支持或不支持基于PDU会话方式承载数据。
可选地，所述数据传输方式包括如下至少一项：
基于数据面承载数据；
基于数据承载方式承载数据；
基于用户面承载数据；
基于PDU会话方式承载数据。
可以理解，本实施例中提及的各实现方式的实现过程可以参照方法实施例图2或图11或图12的相关描述，并达到相同或相应的技术效果，为避免重复，在此不再赘述。
具体地，本申请实施例的终端还包括：存储在存储器809上并可在处理器810上运行的指令或程序，处理器810调用存储器809中的指令或程序执行图13、图14或图15所示各模块执行的方法，并达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，故不在此赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种网络侧设备，包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口和所述处理器耦合，所述处理器用于运行程序或指令，实现如图2或图11或图12所示的方法实施例的步骤。该网络侧设备实施例与上述方法实施例对应，上述方法实施例的各个实施过程和实现方式均可适用于该网络侧设备实施例中，且能达到相同的技术效果。
具体地，本申请实施例还提供了一种网络侧设备。该网络侧设备可以为第一节点，或第二节点，或数据提供节点。如图18所示，该网络侧设备900包括：天线901、射频装置902、基带装置903、处理器904和存储器905。天线901与射频装置902连接。在上行方向上，射频装置902通过天线901接收信息，将接收的信息发送给基带装置903进行处理。在下行方向上，基带装置903对要发送的信息进行处理，并发送给射频装置902，射频装置902对收到的信息进行处理后经过天线901发送出去。
以上实施例中网络侧设备执行的方法可以在基带装置903中实现，该基带装置903包括基带处理器。
基带装置903例如可以包括至少一个基带板，该基带板上设置有多个芯片，如图18所示，其中一个芯片例如为基带处理器，通过总线接口与存储器905连接，以调用存储器905中的程序，执行以上方法实施例中所示的网络设备操作。
该网络侧设备还可以包括网络接口906，该接口例如为通用公共无线接口(Common Public Radio Interface，CPRI)。
具体地，本申请实施例的网络侧设备900还包括：存储在存储器905上并可在处理器904上运行的指令或程序，处理器904调用存储器905中的指令或程序执行图13、图14或图15所示各模块执行的方法，并达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，故不在此赘述。
具体地，本申请实施例还提供了一种网络侧设备。如图19所示，该网络侧设备1000包括：处理器1001、网络接口1002和存储器1003。其中，网络接口1002例如为通用公共无线接口(common public radio interface，CPRI)。
具体地，本申请实施例的网络侧设备1000还包括：存储在存储器1003上并可在处理器1001上运行的指令或程序，处理器1001调用存储器1003中的指令或程序执行图7、图8或图9所示各模块执行的方法，并达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，故不在此赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储有程序或指令，该程序或指令被处理器执行时实现上述数据传输方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
其中，所述处理器为上述实施例中所述的终端中的处理器。所述可读存储介质，包括计算机可读存储介质，如计算机只读存储器ROM、随机存取存储器RAM、磁碟或者光盘等。在一些示例中，可读存储介质可以是非瞬态的可读存储介质。
本申请实施例另提供了一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口和所述处理器耦合，所述处理器用于运行程序或指令，实现上述数据传输方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
应理解，本申请实施例提到的芯片还可以称为系统级芯片，系统芯片，芯片系统或片上系统芯片等。
本申请实施例另提供了一种计算机程序/程序产品，所述计算机程序/程序产品被存储在存储介质中，所述计算机程序/程序产品被至少一个处理器执行以实现上述数据传输方法实施例的各个过程，且能达到相同的技术效果，为避免重复，这里不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供了一种数据传输系统，包括：第一节点、第二节点及数据提供节点，所述第一节点可用于执行如上所述的应用于第一节点的数据传输方法的步骤，所述第二节点可用于执行如上所述的应用于第二节点的数据传输方法的步骤，所述数据提供节点可用于执行如上所述的应用于数据提供节点的数据传输方法的步骤。
需要说明的是，在本文中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者装置所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括该要素的过程、方法、物品或者装置中还存在另外的相同要素。此外，需要指出的是，本申请实施方式中的方法和装置的范围不限按示出或讨论的顺序来执行功能，还可包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序来执行功能，例如，可以按不同于所描述的次序来执行所描述的方法，并且还可以添加、省去或组合各种步骤。另外，参照某些示例所描述的特征可在其他示例中被组合。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到上述实施例方法可借助计算机软件产品加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件。该计算机软件产品存储在存储介质(如ROM、RAM、磁碟、光盘等)中，包括若干指令，用以使得终端或者网络侧设备执行本申请各个实施例所述的方法。
上面结合附图对本申请的实施例进行了描述，但是本申请并不局限于上述的具体实施 方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的启示下，在不脱离本申请宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式的实施方式，这些实施方式均属于本申请的保护之内。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种数据传输方法，包括：
    第一节点向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第一节点向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一节点接收所述数据提供节点基于所述第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式发送的数据。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，所述数据传输方式包括如下至少一项：
    基于数据面承载数据；
    基于数据承载方式承载数据；
    基于用户面承载数据；
    基于协议数据单元PDU会话方式承载数据。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述第一节点向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一节点向第二节点发送第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求确定数据传输方式；
    所述第一节点接收所述第二节点根据所述第一请求发送的第一响应；其中，所述第一指示信息基于所述第一响应确定。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述第一请求包括如下至少一项：
    数据传输请求；
    控制请求。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的方法，其中，在所述第一请求包括数据传输请求的情况下，所述第一请求携带如下至少一项：
    第二指示信息，用于指示数据特征已知或未知，所述数据特征包括如下至少一项：数据包长度大小；数据包长度的分布特征；数据包时间间隔；数据包发送时间间隔的分布特征；
    第三指示信息，用于指示如下至少一项：数据传输是否需加密或解密；数据传输是否需完整性保护；数据传输的服务质量QoS需求；
    第四指示信息，用于指示数据传输的控制信息，所述控制信息包括如下至少一项：数据传输所需数据项；数据提供节点标识；数据提供节点要求；
    第五指示信息，用于指示数据传输的传输类型，所述数据传输的传输类型包括如下至少一项：透传；非透传；
    第六指示信息，用于指示传输数据类型。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述传输数据类型包括如下至少一项：
    定位数据；感知数据；计算数据；人工智能AI数据。
  8. 根据权利要求4-7中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述第一响应包括如下至少一项：
    第七指示信息，所述第七指示信息用于指示接受或拒绝所述第一请求；
    数据面承载标识；
    PDU会话标识。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述第一节点向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一节点接收所述数据提供节点发送的能力上报信息；
    其中，所述能力上报信息用于指示如下至少一项：
    支持或不支持基于数据面承载数据；
    支持或不支持基于数据承载方式承载数据；
    支持或不支持基于用户面承载数据；
    支持或不支持基于PDU会话方式承载数据。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的方法，其中，数据提供节点为终端，第一节点及第二节点均为核心网功能；或
    数据提供节点为终端，第一节点及第二节点均为无线接入网功能；或
    数据提供节点为基站，第一节点及第二节点均为核心网功能；或
    数据提供节点为基站，第一节点为终端；或
    数据提供节点为终端，第一节点为核心网功能，第二节点为无线接入网功能；或
    数据提供节点为终端，第一节点为无线接入网功能，第二节点为核心网功能。
  11. 一种数据传输方法，包括：
    第二节点接收第一节点发送的第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求确定数据传输方式；
    所述第二节点根据所述第一请求向所述第一节点发送第一响应。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述数据传输方式包括如下至少一项：
    基于数据面承载数据；
    基于数据承载方式承载数据；
    基于用户面承载数据；
    基于PDU会话方式承载数据。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的方法，其中，在所述第一请求包括数据传输请求的情况下，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二节点执行数据传输配置操作：
    其中，所述数据传输配置操作包括如下至少一项：
    建立数据传输通道；
    修改数据传输通道；
    释放数据传输通道；
    数据传输QoS管理。
  14. 根据权利要求11-13中任一项所述的方法，其中，在所述第一请求包括控制请求的情况下，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二节点执行如下至少一项操作：
    确定数据提供节点；
    执行数据收集协调配置；
    执行数据上报配置；
    执行数据处理配置。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中，所述执行数据收集协调配置包括如下至少一项：基于所述第一请求或数据订阅信息确定所述第一节点所需数据是否可用；确定可提供所述第一节点所需数据的数据提供节点；向所述第一节点发送数据收集配置；或
    所述执行数据上报配置包括对数据提供节点提供的数据的数据包封装进行配置；或
    所述执行数据处理配置包括对数据处理节点进行数据处理配置。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述对数据提供节点提供的数据的数据包封装进行配置包括：
    对数据提供节点提供的数据的数据包封装配置如下至少一项：
    数据包长度大小；数据包长度的分布特征；数据包时间间隔；数据包发送时间间隔的分布特征；是否由数据提供节点对数据加密，是否由数据提供节点对数据加扰。
  17. 根据权利要求11-16中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述第一请求包括如下至少一项：
    数据传输请求；
    控制请求。
  18. 根据权利要求11-17中任一项所述的方法，其中，在所述第一请求包括数据传输请求的情况下，所述第一请求携带如下至少一项：
    第二指示信息，用于指示数据特征已知或未知，所述数据特征包括如下至少一项：数据包长度大小；数据包长度的分布特征；数据包时间间隔；数据包发送时间间隔的分布特征；
    第三指示信息，用于指示如下至少一项：数据传输是否需加密或解密；数据传输是否需完整性保护；数据传输的QoS需求；
    第四指示信息，用于指示数据传输的控制信息，所述控制信息包括如下至少一项：数据传输所需数据项；数据提供节点标识；数据提供节点要求；
    第五指示信息，用于指示数据传输的传输类型，所述数据传输的传输类型包括如下至少一项：透传；非透传；
    第六指示信息，用于指示传输数据类型。
  19. 一种数据传输方法，包括：
    数据提供节点接收第一节点发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其中，所述数据提供节点接收第一节点发送的第一指示信息之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述数据提供节点基于所述第一指示信息指示的数据传输方式向所述第一节点发送数据。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其中，所述数据提供节点接收第一节点发送的第一指示信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述数据提供节点向所述第一节点发送能力上报信息；
    其中，所述能力上报信息用于指示如下至少一项：
    支持或不支持基于数据面承载数据；
    支持或不支持基于数据承载方式承载数据；
    支持或不支持基于用户面承载数据；
    支持或不支持基于PDU会话方式承载数据。
  22. 根据权利要求19-21中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述数据传输方式包括如下至少一项：
    基于数据面承载数据；
    基于数据承载方式承载数据；
    基于用户面承载数据；
    基于PDU会话方式承载数据。
  23. 一种数据传输装置，第一节点包括所述数据传输装置，包括：
    第一发送模块，用于向数据提供节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
  24. 一种数据传输装置，第二节点包括所述数据传输装置，包括：
    第四接收模块，用于接收第一节点发送的第一请求，所述第一请求用于请求确定数据传输方式；
    第三发送模块，用于根据所述第一请求向所述第一节点发送第一响应。
  25. 一种数据传输装置，数据提供节点包括所述数据传输装置，包括：
    第五接收模块，用于接收第一节点发送的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示数据传输方式。
  26. 一种通信设备，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器存储可在所述处理器上运行的程序或指令，所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时实现如权利要求1-10任一项所述的数据传输方法的步骤，或者，实现如权利要求11-18任一项所述的数据传输方法的步骤，或者，实现如权利要求19-22任一项所述的数据传输方法的步骤。
  27. 一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口和所述处理器耦合，所述处理器用于运行程序或指令，实现如权利要求1-10任一项所述的数据传输方法的步骤，或者，实现如权利要求11-18任一项所述的数据传输方法的步骤，或者，实现如权利要求 19-22任一项所述的数据传输方法的步骤。
  28. 一种可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储程序或指令，所述程序或指令被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1-10任一项所述的数据传输方法的步骤，或者，实现如权利要求11-18任一项所述的数据传输方法的步骤，或者，实现如权利要求19-22任一项所述的数据传输方法的步骤。
PCT/CN2024/097884 2023-06-14 2024-06-07 数据传输方法、装置及通信设备 Ceased WO2024255685A1 (zh)

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