WO2024254761A1 - 一种用于磁共振成像的射频信号接收系统 - Google Patents

一种用于磁共振成像的射频信号接收系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024254761A1
WO2024254761A1 PCT/CN2023/099936 CN2023099936W WO2024254761A1 WO 2024254761 A1 WO2024254761 A1 WO 2024254761A1 CN 2023099936 W CN2023099936 W CN 2023099936W WO 2024254761 A1 WO2024254761 A1 WO 2024254761A1
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coil
thermal insulation
magnetic resonance
vacuum
cavity
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French (fr)
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李烨
莫智广
罗超
郑海荣
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Priority to PCT/CN2023/099936 priority Critical patent/WO2024254761A1/zh
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Priority to US19/063,710 priority patent/US20250237722A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
    • G01R33/34—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
    • G01R33/341—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR comprising surface coils
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
    • G01R33/34—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
    • G01R33/34007—Manufacture of RF coils, e.g. using printed circuit board technology; additional hardware for providing mechanical support to the RF coil assembly or to part thereof, e.g. a support for moving the coil assembly relative to the remainder of the MR system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
    • G01R33/34—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
    • G01R33/34015—Temperature-controlled RF coils
    • G01R33/3403—Means for cooling of the RF coils, e.g. a refrigerator or a cooling vessel specially adapted for housing an RF coil
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
    • G01R33/34—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
    • G01R33/341—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR comprising surface coils
    • G01R33/3415—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR comprising surface coils comprising arrays of sub-coils, i.e. phased-array coils with flexible receiver channels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
    • G01R33/36—Electrical details, e.g. matching or coupling of the coil to the receiver
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
    • G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
    • G01R33/36—Electrical details, e.g. matching or coupling of the coil to the receiver
    • G01R33/3621—NMR receivers or demodulators, e.g. preamplifiers, means for frequency modulation of the MR signal using a digital down converter, means for analog to digital conversion [ADC] or for filtering or processing of the MR signal such as bandpass filtering, resampling, decimation or interpolation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of magnetic resonance imaging, and more particularly to a radio frequency signal receiving system for magnetic resonance imaging.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging technology has become an important means of imaging human soft tissues due to its advantages of being non-invasive, radiation-free, high-resolution, high-contrast, and imaging in any orientation.
  • the magnetic resonance imaging system sends magnetic resonance signals to the human body through the transmitting coil. After the human tissue is stimulated by the signal, the feedback electromagnetic signal is fed back to the system through the receiving coil. Among them, the signal strength received by the receiving coil largely determines the quality of the reconstructed image.
  • patent application CN201310059788.9 discloses a knee radio frequency coil for a magnetic resonance imaging system, which reduces noise by placing the coil in a low-temperature environment, thereby ultimately improving the signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the solution has the following defects:
  • the imaging quality for larger imaging parts such as the knee joint is acceptable, but the imaging quality for smaller imaging parts such as the wrist will be reduced.
  • the coil part adopts a birdcage coil design. Since this coil has high requirements for symmetry, it usually brings difficulties to debugging. If it is not debugged properly, it may cause a sharp drop in signal uniformity.
  • the article “Adaptive Cylindrical Wireless Metasurfaces in Clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging” uses the body coil of the system as the receiving coil, and wraps the imaging part with a metasurface to enhance the signal, ultimately improving the received signal-to-noise ratio.
  • This solution is effective for imaging smaller imaging parts such as wrists or animals such as mice, but is not suitable for imaging larger body parts.
  • this solution uses a body coil as the receiving coil. Since the signal of the body coil itself is relatively weak, the obtained system signal-to-noise ratio still has room for improvement.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a radio frequency signal receiving system for magnetic resonance imaging.
  • the system comprises: a cryogenic holding device, a coil and a preamplifier, wherein the cryogenic holding device is provided with a shell, a heat preservation cover and a vacuum layer, the shell wraps the vacuum layer, the vacuum layer comprises a vacuum area and a closed cavity surrounding the vacuum area, the vacuum layer is connected to the first draw port, the coil is arranged in the closed cavity, and the signal generated by the coil is transmitted to the magnetic resonance system via the preamplifier.
  • the heat-insulating cover contains a cavity, and a second suction port is provided on the heat-insulating cover, and the cavity of the heat-insulating cover is evacuated through the second suction port.
  • thermal insulation is achieved by filling the cavity of the thermal insulation cover with thermal insulation material.
  • the coil is a local coil, and liquid nitrogen is injected into the closed cavity to form a liquid nitrogen cavity, and the injected liquid nitrogen covers the coil.
  • the coil is a semi-flexible circuit board with a coil array and related circuits etched on the circuit board, and the coil is inserted along the liquid nitrogen chamber and then connected end to end.
  • the housing, the heat-insulating cover and the closed cavity are all made of non-magnetic Made of non-metallic materials.
  • the non-metallic material includes fiberglass or thermoplastic material.
  • a pressure relief port is provided on the heat-insulating cover, and the pressure relief port passes through the heat-insulating cover and communicates with the closed cavity. The cable exits through the pressure relief port, and the cable does not completely block the pressure relief port.
  • the system further comprises: when imaging the target site, covering the target site with a signal improvement layer, wherein the signal improvement layer is made of a resonant circuit or a high dielectric material adapted to the size of the target site.
  • thermoplastic material is a 3D printing material.
  • the advantage of the present invention is that a unique low-temperature holding device is designed for the radio frequency signal receiving system, and an open design is used, which is conducive to the repeated debugging of the radio frequency coil during the production process, and does not require additional freezing equipment.
  • it can also be matched with a signal improvement layer to adapt to the imaging of parts of different sizes to meet different needs such as signal amplification and improved electromagnetic distribution.
  • a radio frequency signal receiving system is formed that can improve imaging performance in a variety of application scenarios, and is particularly suitable for imaging parts of different sizes such as the human knee, arm, and wrist.
  • FIG1 is a front view of a radio frequency signal receiving system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of a radio frequency signal receiving system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG3 is another cross-sectional view of a radio frequency signal receiving system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the working process of a radio frequency signal receiving system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of coil insertion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the multi-channel radio frequency signal receiving system for magnetic resonance imaging includes a cryogenic device, a coil 5 contained in the cryogenic device, and a preamplifier 8 arranged outside the cryogenic device.
  • the cryogenic device is provided with a shell 1, a heat preservation cover 2 and a vacuum layer 6.
  • the shell 1 may wrap the vacuum layer 6 as shown in FIG. 2 , or it may be just a bracket.
  • the shape of the shell 1 is not limited to the style shown in the figure, and may also be other shapes suitable for supporting.
  • the vacuum layer 6 shown in the example of FIG2 includes a vacuum area and a closed cavity (not shown) surrounding the vacuum area.
  • the thermal insulation cover 2 contains a vacuum cavity, which can be evacuated through the vacuum port 4.
  • two vacuum ports 4 are provided, one of which is provided on the top of the thermal insulation cover 2 and communicates with the vacuum cavity of the thermal insulation cover 2, and the other is provided on the side of the shell 1 and communicates with the vacuum layer 6 in the low temperature holding device.
  • the thermal insulation cover 2 is not limited to being insulated with a vacuum cavity, and can also be insulated by filling with materials such as foam.
  • the low temperature holding device can have a better insulation effect to ensure that the low temperature holding device does not absorb heat from the outside, thereby effectively maintaining a low temperature environment.
  • the designed low temperature holding device does not require additional cooling equipment, thereby reducing costs.
  • the low temperature holding device is further provided with a pressure relief port 3 , a cable 9 connected to the pressure relief port, and a preamplifier 8 connected to the cable 9 .
  • a liquid nitrogen cavity 7 is formed between the vacuum layers 6.
  • the injected liquid nitrogen needs to cover (flood) the coil 5.
  • the vacuum port 4 is connected to the vacuum layer 6.
  • the entire cryogenic device can be made of non-magnetic materials.
  • the housing 1, the heat-insulating cover 2 and the vacuum chamber are all made of non-magnetic non-metallic materials.
  • fiberglass or other 3D printing materials that meet the strength and density requirements can be used. As long as these materials meet the requirements of being non-magnetic, non-metallic, sufficient to form a vacuum environment, and having no magnetic resonance signal or the magnetic resonance signal is insufficient to affect the imaging effect, it can be used.
  • the coil 5 is a semi-flexible circuit board on which a coil array and related circuits are etched. During installation, the coil 5 can be inserted along the liquid nitrogen cavity 7, and then connected end to end to complete the installation of the coil, as shown in Figure 5.
  • the coil 5 is connected to the preamplifier 8, and the cooled coil obtains a signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio, which is transmitted to the magnetic resonance system for processing through the cable 9 and the preamplifier 8.
  • the pressure relief port 3 passes through the insulation cover 2 and is connected to the liquid nitrogen cavity 7, and the cable 9 comes out through the pressure relief port 3.
  • the cable 9 should not completely block the pressure relief port 3.
  • a signal improvement layer can also be used to image the target part.
  • the signal improvement layer 11 can be implemented by a resonant circuit or a high dielectric material.
  • the signal improvement layer 11 is a resonant circuit structure, its function is to amplify the signal fed back from the measured part, thereby improving the signal strength of the radio frequency signal receiving system and thus improving the signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the signal improvement layer 11 is a high dielectric material, its function is to improve the electromagnetic field distribution of the measured part to make it more uniform, thereby obtaining a higher quality image.
  • ultra-high field strengths such as 5T and 7T (T is the unit of magnetic field strength, Tesla), the higher the field strength, the more significant the imaging quality effect obtained.
  • the working process of the multi-channel radio frequency signal receiving system for magnetic resonance imaging includes the following steps:
  • Step S1 vacuumizing the vacuum layer 6 through the vacuum port 4;
  • Step S2 inserting the coil 5 into the liquid nitrogen chamber 7;
  • Step S3 injecting liquid nitrogen into the liquid nitrogen chamber 7 so that the liquid nitrogen covers the coil 5, and performing a test;
  • Step S4 determining whether the signal-to-noise ratio of the coil reaches a set index
  • Step S5 if the set index is not reached, pour out the liquid nitrogen, take out the coil adjustment components, and then continue to execute step S2;
  • Step S6 if the set index has been reached, the device is placed on the magnetic resonance imaging bed and covered with a heat preservation cover;
  • Step S7 the tested part is covered with the signal improvement layer 11 and then placed in the device.
  • cryogenic coil is not limited to being used together with the signal improvement layer, and the cryogenic coil may also be used alone.
  • the vacuum port, pressure relief port, etc. are not limited to being located at the illustrated positions, but may also be located at other positions that meet their functional requirements.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the present invention uses a local coil immersed in liquid nitrogen, which has a higher signal-to-noise ratio than using a body coil as a receiving coil.
  • the present invention uses high dielectric materials to improve electromagnetic distribution, improves imaging quality, and can also use other resonant structures to amplify signals.
  • the low temperature holding device of the present invention adopts an open design, which is conducive to repeated debugging of the radio frequency coil during the manufacturing process.
  • the radio frequency signal receiving system of the present invention can not only use the barrel coil soaked in liquid nitrogen for imaging alone, but also can be used with a signal improvement layer to adapt to imaging of parts of different sizes to meet different needs such as signal amplification and improvement of electromagnetic distribution.
  • a radio frequency signal receiving system is formed that can improve imaging performance in a variety of application scenarios.
  • the present invention can amplify signals for small parts of different sizes, such as wrists and arms, and improve image quality by using a resonant circuit.
  • the electromagnetic distribution of the measured part can be improved for ultra-high field applications such as 5T and 7T, thereby obtaining higher image quality.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于磁共振成像的射频信号接收系统。该系统包括：低温保持装置、线圈和前置放大器，其中，所述低温保持装置设有外壳，保温盖和真空层，所述外壳包裹所述真空层，所述真空层包含真空区域及包围真空区域的封闭腔体，所述真空层与第一抽口相连通，所述线圈被设置在该封闭腔体内，且所述线圈产生的信号经由所述前置放大器传输至磁共振系统。本发明提供的射频信号接收系统具有信噪比高、用途广泛、易操作以及易于维护等优势，适用于人体膝关节、手臂、手腕等多部位的成像。

Description

一种用于磁共振成像的射频信号接收系统 技术领域
本发明涉及磁共振成像技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种用于磁共振成像的射频信号接收系统。
背景技术
磁共振成像技术由于其具有的无创伤、无辐射、高分辨率、高对比度以及任意方位截面成像等优点，已经成为人体软组织成像的重要手段。当进行磁共振成像时，磁共振成像系统通过发射线圈对人体发送磁共振信号，人体组织被该信号激励后，将反馈的电磁信号经由接收线圈反馈回系统。其中，接收线圈接收到的信号强度很大程度上决定了重建后的图像质量。
信噪比(signal-to-noise)是线圈设计的核心参数，信噪比高意味着更高的分辨率和更高的对比度，即意味着更好的图像质量。线圈接收到的人体反馈的信号的强度越强，以及接收线圈本身的热噪声越小，则信噪比越高，接收性能越好。前者要求线圈或谐振结构与成像部位尽可能近，后者可以通过降低线圈及电路的温度来实现。
目前市面上的线圈产品由于工作于常温下，线圈及相关电路具有的热噪声限制了信噪比的提升。例如，专利申请CN201310059788.9公开了一种用于磁共振成像系统的膝盖射频线圈，即通过将线圈置于低温环境以降低噪声，最终实现信噪比提升。但方案存在以下缺陷：
1)不利于射频线圈在制作过程中的调试。与普通批量化生产的产品不同，对磁共振线圈来说，一个元件值的微小差异都会引起线圈不在最佳工作状态、甚至完全无法工作，而目前的元器件生产工艺远远无法保证其实际的值与标称值完全一致。此外，当电容等元器件泡入液氮后，由于电容材料的电磁参数受温度变化影响，其电容值通常会随之变化，因此低温下的磁共振线圈的制作离不开人工根据其状态反复进行手动测量和调试。 即便对于有经验的工程师而言，这一过程也需要数周甚至数月之久。而现有技术较少考虑线圈调试的可实现性、易操作，以及后续的易于维护性。
2)仅作为单一线圈使用，其对于膝关节等较大成像部位的成像质量尚可，但对手腕等较小成像部位的成像质量会有所下降。
3)线圈部分采用鸟笼线圈设计，该线圈由于对对称性有较高的要求，通常为调试带来困难，若调试不好，可能造成信号均匀性的急剧下降。
在现有技术中，文章“Adaptive Cylindrical Wireless Metasurfaces in Clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging”(ADVANCED MATERIALS)使用了系统的体线圈为接收线圈，同时用超构表面(matesurface)包裹成像部位以增强信号，最终提高接收的信噪比。该方案对较小的成像部位如手腕、或小鼠等动物成像有效果，但不适合针对较大的身体部位成像。此外，该方案采用体线圈作为接收线圈，由于体线圈本身的信号较为微弱，因而所获得的系统信噪比仍有提升空间。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服上述现有技术的缺陷，提供一种用于磁共振成像的射频信号接收系统。该系统包括：低温保持装置、线圈和前置放大器，其中，所述低温保持装置设有外壳，保温盖和真空层，所述外壳包裹所述真空层，所述真空层包含真空区域及包围真空区域的封闭腔体，所述真空层与第一抽口相连通，所述线圈被设置在该封闭腔体内，且所述线圈产生的信号经由所述前置放大器传输至磁共振系统。
在一个实施例中，所述保温盖内含一个腔体，且所述保温盖上设有第二抽口，通过该第二抽口对所述保温盖的腔体抽真空。
在一个实施例中，通过对所述保温盖的腔体填充隔热材料进行隔热。
在一个实施例中，所述线圈是局部线圈，在所述封闭腔体内注入液氮，形成液氮腔体且所注入的液氮没过所述线圈。
在一个实施例中，所述线圈是一块半柔性的电路板，该电路板上蚀刻线圈阵列及相关电路，并将所述线圈沿所述液氮腔体插入，而后首尾相连。
在一个实施例中，所述外壳，所述保温盖和所述封闭腔体均由无磁的 非金属材料制成。
在一个实施例中，所述非金属材料包括玻璃钢或热塑性材料。
在一个实施例中，所述保温盖上设有泄压口，该泄压口穿过所述保温盖与所述封闭腔体相连通，线缆经由所述泄压口而出，且线缆不完全堵塞泄压口。
在一个实施例中，上述系统还包括：当对目标部位进行成像时，在目标部位上覆盖信号改善层，所述信号改善层采用适配目标部位大小的谐振电路或高介电材料制成。
在一个实施例中，所述热塑性材料是3D打印材料。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于，针对射频信号接收系统，设计了特有的低温保持装置，并使用了开放式的设计，有利于射频线圈在制作过程中的反复调试，并且不需要额外的冷冻设备。此外，还可以搭配信号改善层来适应不同大小的部位成像，以满足信号放大、改善电磁分布等不同需求。通过将低温下的射频线圈与信号改善层结合使用，组成了能够在多种应用场景下改善成像性能的射频信号接收系统，特别适用于人体膝关节、手臂、手腕等具有不同尺寸的部位成像。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是根据本发明一个实施例的射频信号接收系统的主视图；
图2是根据本发明一个实施例的射频信号接收系统的剖面图；
图3是根据本发明一个实施例的射频信号接收系统的另一剖面图；
图4是根据本发明一个实施例的射频信号接收系统的工作过程示意图；
图5是根据本发明一个实施例的线圈插入示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
结合图1、图2和图3所示，所提供的用于磁共振成像的多通道射频信号接收系统包括低温保持装置、容纳在低温保持装置内的线圈5以及设置在低温保持装置外部的前置放大器8。在图1的示例中，该低温保持装置设有外壳1，保温盖2和真空层6。外壳1可以如图2所示包裹真空层6，也可以仅仅只是一个支架。外壳1的形状不局限于图中所示的样式，也可以是适用于起到支撑作用的其他形状。
图2示例的真空层6包含真空区域及包围真空区域的封闭腔体(未示出)。保温盖2内含一个真空腔体，可通过真空抽口4抽真空。例如，真空抽口4设置为两个，其中一个设置在保温盖2的上面，与保温盖2的真空腔体连通，另一个设置在外壳1的侧面，与低温保持装置内的真空层6连通。应理解的是，保温盖2不限于用真空腔体进行隔热，也可以通过填充泡沫等材料进行隔热。通过对保温盖2进行隔热处理，可以使低温保持装置具有较佳的隔热效果，以保证低温保持装置不会从外部吸收热量，从而有效地维持低温环境。此外，所设计的低温保持装置，不需要额外的冷却设备，降低了成本。
在图1中，低温保持装置上还设有泄压口3、与泄压口连接的线缆9，以及连接在线缆9上的前置放大器8。
在一个实施例中，真空层6之间形成液氮腔体7。系统工作时，注入的液氮需要没过(淹没)线圈5。真空抽口4与真空层6相连通。
在一个实施例中，整个低温保持装置可以均由无磁材料制成。例如，外壳1，保温盖2及真空腔体均由无磁的非金属材料制成。例如，可采用玻璃钢或其他满足强度及致密性要求的3D打印材料。只要这些材料满足无磁、非金属、足以形成真空环境、无磁共振信号或磁共振信号不足以影响成像效果等要求即可。
在一个实施例中，线圈5是一块半柔性的电路板，其上蚀刻了线圈阵列及相关电路。安装时，可将线圈5沿液氮腔体7插入，而后首尾相连，完成线圈的安装，如图5所示。线圈5与前置放大器8相连，冷却后的线圈获得了具有高信噪比的信号，经过线缆9和前置放大器8，传输至磁共振系统进行处理。泄压口3穿过保温盖2与液氮腔体7相连通，线缆9经由泄压口3而出，线缆9应不完全堵塞泄压口3。
在实际应用中，为了适应不同大小的部位成像，还可以搭配信号改善层针对目标部位成像。例如，信号改善层11可以由谐振电路实现，也可以由高介电材料实现。当信号改善层11是谐振电路结构时，作用是将被测部位反馈的信号加以放大，提高了射频信号接收系统的信号强度，从而提高了信噪比。当信号改善层11是高介电材料时，作用是改善被测部位的电磁场分布，使其更均匀，从而获得更高质量的图像。在超高场如5T，7T(T是磁场强度单位特斯拉)场强下，场强越高，所获得的成像质量效果越显著。
为进一步理解本发明，参见图4所示，所提供的用于磁共振成像的多通道射频信号接收系统的工作过程包括以下步骤：
步骤S1，通过抽真空口4对真空层6进行抽真空处理；
步骤S2，将线圈5插入液氮腔体7；
步骤S3，将液氮注入液氮腔体7，使液氮没过线圈5，并进行测试；
步骤S4，判断线圈的信噪比是否到达设定的指标；
步骤S5，如未达到设定的指标，则倒出液氮，取出线圈调节元器件，继而继续执行步骤S2；
步骤S6，如已经达到设定指标，则将装置放置于磁共振病床上，并盖上保温盖；
步骤S7，使被测试部位戴上信号改善层11后置于装置内。
应理解的是，在不违背本发明精神和范围的前提下，本领域技术人员可对上述实施例进行适当的改变或变型。例如，不限于将低温线圈与信号改善层一起使用，低温线圈也可单独使用。又如，不限于用于人体成像，也适用于动物成像。此外，真空抽口、泄压口等不局限于位于图示位置，也可以位于满足其功能要求的其他位置。
综上所述，相对于现有技术，本发明具有以下优势：
1)本发明使用了液氮浸泡的局部线圈，相较于使用体线圈作为接收线圈拥有更高的信噪比。
2)相较于使用超构表面作为信号放大工具，本发明使用高介电材料改善电磁分布，提高了成像质量，并且还可以使用其他谐振结构来放大信号。
3)本发明的低温保持装置使用了开放式的设计，有利于射频线圈在制作过程中的反复调试。
4)与仅使用冷冻下的线圈进行成像不同，本发明的射频信号接收系统不仅可以单独使用液氮浸泡的桶状线圈进行成像，还可以搭配信号改善层来适应不同大小的部位成像，以满足信号放大、改善电磁分布等不同需求。通过将低温下的射频线圈与信号改善层结合使用，组成了能够在多种应用场景下改善成像性能的射频信号接收系统。
5)本发明通过搭配谐振电路，可以针对不同大小的小尺寸部位如手腕、手臂等部位放大信号，提高图像质量。此外，通过搭配高介电材料，可以针对超高场如5T，7T应用场景，改善被测部位的电磁分布，从而获得更高的图像质量。
以上已经描述了本发明的各实施例，上述说明是示例性的，并非穷尽性的，并且也不限于所披露的各实施例。在不偏离所说明的各实施例的范 围和精神的情况下，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说许多修改和变更都是显而易见的。本文中所用术语的选择，旨在最好地解释各实施例的原理、实际应用或对市场中的技术改进，或者使本技术领域的其它普通技术人员能理解本文披露的各实施例。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于磁共振成像的射频信号接收系统，包括：低温保持装置、线圈和前置放大器，其中，所述低温保持装置设有外壳，保温盖和真空层，所述外壳包裹所述真空层，所述真空层包含真空区域及包围真空区域的封闭腔体，所述真空层与第一抽口相连通，所述线圈被设置在该封闭腔体内，且所述线圈产生的信号经由所述前置放大器传输至磁共振系统。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述保温盖内含一个腔体，且所述保温盖上设有第二抽口，通过该第二抽口对所述保温盖的腔体抽真空。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，通过对所述保温盖的腔体填充隔热材料进行隔热。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述线圈是局部线圈，在所述封闭腔体内注入液氮，形成液氮腔体且所注入的液氮没过所述线圈。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的系统，其特征在于，所述线圈是一块半柔性的电路板，该电路板上蚀刻线圈阵列及相关电路，并将所述线圈沿所述液氮腔体插入，而后首尾相连。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述外壳，所述保温盖和所述封闭腔体均由无磁的非金属材料制成。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的系统，其特征在于，所述非金属材料包括玻璃钢或热塑性材料。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述保温盖上设有泄压口，该泄压口穿过所述保温盖与所述封闭腔体相连通，线缆经由所述泄压口而出，且线缆不完全堵塞泄压口。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，还包括，当对目标部位进行成像时，在目标部位上覆盖信号改善层，所述信号改善层采用适配目标部位大小的谐振电路或高介电材料制成。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的系统，其特征在于，所述热塑性材料是3D打印材料。
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