WO2024253209A1 - 신호 처리 장치 및 이를 구비하는 차량용 통신 장치 - Google Patents
신호 처리 장치 및 이를 구비하는 차량용 통신 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024253209A1 WO2024253209A1 PCT/KR2023/007713 KR2023007713W WO2024253209A1 WO 2024253209 A1 WO2024253209 A1 WO 2024253209A1 KR 2023007713 W KR2023007713 W KR 2023007713W WO 2024253209 A1 WO2024253209 A1 WO 2024253209A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/25—Routing or path finding in a switch fabric
- H04L49/252—Store and forward routing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0896—Bandwidth or capacity management, i.e. automatically increasing or decreasing capacities
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/24—Multipath
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/302—Route determination based on requested QoS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L49/00—Packet switching elements
- H04L49/60—Software-defined switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L2012/40267—Bus for use in transportation systems
- H04L2012/40273—Bus for use in transportation systems the transportation system being a vehicle
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a signal processing device and a vehicle communication device having the same, and more specifically, to a signal processing device capable of securing a stable network environment when reading or writing data from a storage device and a vehicle communication device having the same.
- a vehicle is a device that moves the user in the desired direction.
- a representative example is an automobile.
- a vehicle signal processing device is installed inside the vehicle.
- the signal processing device inside the vehicle receives and processes sensor data from various sensor devices inside.
- sensor data from a sensor device must be transmitted and processed within a specified time, requiring high-speed data packet processing or transmission.
- ADAS advanced driver assistance systems
- vehicle display devices 3D navigation.
- Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2020-0000692 discloses an in-vehicle SDN-based network management device and a control method thereof.
- prior art documents include an SDN controller including a first management unit storing a plurality of heterogeneous protocol information, a second management unit storing at least one heterogeneous protocol information acquired from the SDN controller, and an SDN switch including a gateway communicating with a vehicle network, wherein, when the SDN switch receives a packet according to a protocol without a connection history from the outside, the SDN switch requests the controller to analyze the received packet, and the SDN controller transmits protocol information corresponding to the packet from among the plurality of heterogeneous protocol information stored in the first management unit to the SDN switch.
- the problem that the present disclosure seeks to solve is to provide a signal processing device capable of securing a stable network environment when reading or writing data from a storage device and a vehicle communication device having the same.
- Another problem that the present disclosure seeks to solve is to provide a signal processing device capable of transmitting data to a storage device using multiple paths and a vehicle communication device having the same.
- Another problem that the present disclosure seeks to solve is to provide a signal processing device capable of transmitting data by dynamically changing a network configuration and a vehicle communication device having the same.
- a signal processing device and a vehicle communication device having the same include a network controller that controls multi-path routing for at least one of a plurality of area signal processing devices, and a storage device that stores data received through the multi-path routing, wherein the network controller receives a part of sensor data from a first area signal processing device among the plurality of area signal processing devices from the first area signal processing device, and controls another part of the sensor data to be received via or directly from at least one area signal processing device other than the first area signal processing device.
- a signal processing device may further include a storage device controller that controls a storage device.
- the network controller can control the sensor data from the first area signal processing device, which is not time-critical data, to be received directly from the first area signal processing device, and can control the sensor data from the first area signal processing device, which is time-critical data, to be received directly or via at least one area signal processing device other than the first area signal processing device.
- the network controller can monitor the network topology with multiple area signal processing devices and, based on the monitoring, perform bandwidth distribution and path setting for multi-path routing.
- the network controller can set the bandwidth based on the path capacity when setting the path for multi-path routing.
- the network controller can perform multi-path routing based on Software Defined Network (SDN).
- SDN Software Defined Network
- the storage device controller can transmit a network resource allocation request to the network controller, and control the reading or writing of data to the storage device after the allocation request is transmitted.
- the network controller receives a request protocol for securing network resources, and the request protocol may include type information, priority information or safety level information, data size information, requested bandwidth information, transmission address information, and reception address information.
- the network controller may set the bandwidth for receiving the data to be larger than the bandwidth for receiving other data based on priority information or safety level information in the request protocol.
- the network controller may set a shorter path for receiving the data than the path for receiving other data based on priority information or safety level information in the request protocol.
- the network controller may allocate the lowest bandwidth from the path with the highest bandwidth among the candidates if the requested bandwidth is greater than the lowest bandwidth among the candidates for transmittable paths.
- the network controller may allocate a bandwidth corresponding to the number of transmittable paths if the requested bandwidth is less than or equal to the lowest bandwidth among the transmittable path candidates.
- the network controller can control to transmit updated flow table information to at least one of the plurality of area signal processing devices after path allocation for data transmission is completed.
- At least one of the plurality of domain signal processing devices can perform single-path packet transmission when there is single port information among the received flow table information, and can perform multi-path routing when there is multi-path information among the received flow table information.
- the network controller may transmit updated flow table information to at least one of the plurality of area signal processing devices at a first point in time, and may transmit additional updated flow table information to at least one of the plurality of area signal processing devices at a second point in time based on monitoring a network topology with the plurality of area signal processing devices.
- the network controller does not perform route re-discovery during multi-path routing.
- a signal processing device and a vehicle communication device having the same include a network controller that controls multi-path routing for at least one of a plurality of area signal processing devices, and a storage device that stores data received through the multi-path routing, wherein the network controller receives a part of sensor data from a first area signal processing device among the plurality of area signal processing devices from the first area signal processing device, and controls another part of the sensor data to be received via or directly from at least one area signal processing device other than the first area signal processing device. Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device. Furthermore, data can be transmitted to the storage device using multiple paths. Meanwhile, data can be transmitted by dynamically changing the network configuration.
- the signal processing device may further include a storage device controller that controls the storage device. Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device.
- the network controller can control the sensor data from the first area signal processing device, which is not time-critical data, to be received directly from the first area signal processing device, and can control the sensor data from the first area signal processing device, which is time-critical data, to be received directly or via at least one area signal processing device other than the first area signal processing device. Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device. Furthermore, it becomes possible to transmit data to the storage device using multiple paths.
- the network controller can monitor the network topology with multiple area signal processing devices and, based on the monitoring, perform bandwidth distribution and path setting for multi-path routing. Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device. Furthermore, data can be transmitted to the storage device using multiple paths.
- the network controller can set the bandwidth based on the path capacity when setting the path for multi-path routing. Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device. Furthermore, data can be transmitted to the storage device using multiple paths. Meanwhile, data can be transmitted by dynamically changing the network configuration.
- the network controller can perform multi-path routing based on software defined network (SDN). Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from a storage device. Furthermore, data can be transmitted to a storage device using multiple paths. Meanwhile, data can be transmitted by dynamically changing the network configuration.
- SDN software defined network
- the storage device controller can transmit a network resource allocation request to the network controller, and control the reading or writing of data to the storage device after the allocation request is transmitted. Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device. Furthermore, data can be transmitted to the storage device using multiple paths. Meanwhile, data can be transmitted by dynamically changing the network configuration.
- the network controller receives a request protocol for securing network resources, and the request protocol may include type information, priority information or safety level information, data size information, required bandwidth information, transmission address information, and reception address information. Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from a storage device.
- the network controller can set the bandwidth for receiving the data to be larger than the bandwidth for receiving other data based on priority information or safety level information in the request protocol. Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device.
- the network controller can set a shorter path for receiving the corresponding data than the path for receiving other data based on priority information or safety level information within the request protocol. Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from a storage device.
- the network controller can allocate the lowest bandwidth from the path with the highest bandwidth among the candidates if the requested bandwidth is greater than the lowest bandwidth among the candidates for transmittable paths. Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device.
- the network controller can allocate a bandwidth corresponding to the number of transmittable paths if the requested bandwidth is less than or equal to the lowest bandwidth among the transmittable path candidates. Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device. Furthermore, data can be transmitted to the storage device using multiple paths.
- the network controller can control to transmit updated flow table information to at least one of the plurality of area signal processing devices after path allocation for data transmission is completed. Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device. Furthermore, data can be transmitted to the storage device using multiple paths.
- At least one of the plurality of domain signal processing devices can perform single-path packet transmission when there is single port information among the received flow table information, and can perform multi-path routing when there is multi-path information among the received flow table information. Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device. Furthermore, data can be transmitted to the storage device using multiple paths.
- the network controller can transmit updated flow table information to at least one of the plurality of area signal processing devices at a first point in time, and, based on monitoring the network topology with the plurality of area signal processing devices, transmit additional updated flow table information to at least one of the plurality of area signal processing devices at a second point in time. Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device. Furthermore, data can be transmitted by dynamically changing the network configuration.
- the network controller does not perform path re-search during multi-path routing. Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from a storage device.
- Figure 1 is a drawing showing an example of the exterior and interior of a vehicle.
- FIGS. 2A to 2C are diagrams illustrating various architectures of a vehicle communication gateway according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is an example of an internal block diagram of the signal processing device of FIG. 2a.
- FIG. 4a is a drawing illustrating an example of the arrangement of a vehicle display device inside a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 4b is a drawing illustrating another example of the arrangement of a vehicle display device inside a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 5 is an example of an internal block diagram of the vehicle display device of FIG. 4b.
- Figure 6 is an example of an internal block diagram of a vehicle communication device.
- Fig. 7 is another example of an internal block diagram of a vehicle communication device.
- FIGS. 8A to 8D are drawings illustrating various examples of vehicle communication devices.
- FIG. 9a is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 9b is a diagram illustrating another example of a vehicle communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIGS. 10a to 17 are drawings for reference in the operation description of FIG. 9a or FIG. 9b.
- module and “part” used for components in the following description are given simply for the convenience of writing this specification, and do not in themselves impart any particularly important meaning or role. Accordingly, the above “module” and “part” may be used interchangeably.
- Figure 1 is a drawing showing an example of the exterior and interior of a vehicle.
- the vehicle (200) may further be equipped with a camera (195) for capturing images of the front of the vehicle.
- a cluster display (180a) and an AVN (Audio Video Navigation) display (180b) are exemplified as multiple displays (180a, 180b).
- AVN Audio Video Navigation
- HUD Head Up Display
- the AVN (Audio Video Navigation) display (180b) may also be named a Center Information Display.
- the vehicle (200) described in this specification may be a concept that includes all of a vehicle equipped with an engine as a power source, a hybrid vehicle equipped with an engine and an electric motor as power sources, and an electric vehicle equipped with an electric motor as a power source.
- FIGS. 2A to 2C are diagrams illustrating various architectures of a vehicle communication gateway according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2a is a diagram illustrating a first architecture of a vehicle communication gateway according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the first architecture (300a) can correspond to a zone-based architecture.
- sensor devices and processors inside the vehicle may be placed in each of the plurality of zones (Z1 to Z4), and a signal processing device (170a) including a vehicle communication gateway (GWDa) may be placed in the central area of the plurality of zones (Z1 to Z4).
- GWDa vehicle communication gateway
- the signal processing device (170a) may further include, in addition to the vehicle communication gateway (GWDa), an autonomous driving control module (ACC), a cockpit control module (CPG), etc.
- GWDa vehicle communication gateway
- ACC autonomous driving control module
- CPG cockpit control module
- the vehicle communication gateway (GWDa) within the signal processing device (170a) may be an HPC (High Performance Computing) gateway.
- the signal processing device (170a) of Fig. 2a is an integrated HPC and can exchange data with an external communication module (not shown) or a processor (not shown) within a plurality of zones (Z1 to Z4).
- FIG. 2b is a diagram illustrating a second architecture of a vehicle communication gateway according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the second architecture (300b) can correspond to a domain-integrated architecture.
- a body chassis control module (BSG), a power control module (PTG), an ADAS control module (ADG), and a cockpit control module (CPG) are connected in parallel to the gateway (GWDb), and multiple processors (ECUs) can be electrically connected to each module (BSG, PTG, ADG, CPG).
- BSG body chassis control module
- PTG power control module
- ADG ADAS control module
- CPG cockpit control module
- each processor ECU can be integrated and connected to a gateway (GWDb).
- GWDb gateway
- the signal processing device (170) including the gateway (GWDb) of Fig. 2b operates as a domain-integrated signal processing device.
- FIG. 2c is a diagram illustrating a third architecture of a vehicle communication gateway according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the third architecture (300c) can correspond to a distributed architecture.
- the third architecture differs in that each processor (ECU) is directly connected to the gateway (GWDb) without being connected to other modules.
- the signal processing device (170) including the gateway (GWDc) of Fig. 2c operates as a distributed signal processing device.
- FIG. 3 is an example of an internal block diagram of the signal processing device of FIG. 2a.
- a signal processing device (170) includes a first processor (732a) that receives a first message including a sensor signal within a vehicle based on a first communication method and performs signal processing, and a second processor (732b) that receives a second message including a communication message received from the outside based on a second communication method and performs signal processing of the received second message.
- the second communication method may have a faster communication speed or a larger bandwidth than the first communication method.
- the second communication method may be an Ethernet communication method
- the first communication method may be a CAN communication method
- the first message may be a CAN message
- the second message may be an Ethernet message
- the signal processing device (170) further includes a first memory (320) having an IPC channel and a second memory (330) storing sensor data including vehicle speed data.
- the first memory (320) may be SRAM (Static RAM), and the second memory (330) may be DDR memory.
- the second memory (330) may be DDR SDRAM (Double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory).
- a signal processing device (170) includes a shared memory (508) that operates to transmit a first message or a second message between a first processor (732a) and a second processor (732b).
- the shared memory (508) be provided within the first memory (320). Accordingly, it is possible to reduce delay time and perform high-speed data transmission during inter-processor communication.
- the first processor (732a) may have multiple processor cores (317o, 317a, 317b) inside.
- the first processor (732a) may further include an interface (319) for receiving CAN messages from external vehicle sensors.
- a first processor core (317o) within a first processor (732a) may execute multiple applications or execute a first AUTomotive Open System Architecture (AUTOSAR) (312).
- AUTOSAR AUTomotive Open System Architecture
- the first processor core (317o) can execute the second autos (312) to execute the inter-processor communication handler (IPC Handler) (314).
- IPC Handler inter-processor communication handler
- the IPC Handler (314) can exchange data with the first memory (320) or exchange IPC data with an application running on the first processor core (317o).
- the IPC Handler (314) can exchange interrupts with the IPC driver (348) within the second processor (732b).
- the second processor core (317a) within the first processor (732a) can execute IDS and receive CAN data from the second memory (330).
- the third processor core (317b) within the first processor (732a) can execute logging and store CAN data received through the interface (319) in the second memory (330).
- the third processor core (317b) within the first processor (732a) can execute an inter-processor communication (IPC) module (318) to exchange IPC data with the first memory (320).
- IPC inter-processor communication
- the third processor core (317b) within the first processor (732a) can transmit an interrupt to the IPC driver (348) within the second processor (732b).
- the first memory (320) can exchange IPC data with the IPC Handler (314) or the IPC module (318).
- the second processor (732b) can execute an application (343), an IPC handler (345), an IPC daemon (346), an IPC driver (348), etc.
- the second processor (732b) can further execute a service-oriented architecture (SOA) adapter (341), a diagnostic server (342), and a second auto-stor (347).
- SOA service-oriented architecture
- the second AUTOSAR (347) may be an adaptive AUTOSAR, and the first AUTOSAR (312) may be a classic AUTOSAR.
- the IPC daemon (346) can exchange interrupt signals with the SOA adapter (341), diagnostic server (342), IPC handler (345), IPC driver (348), etc.
- the first memory (320) can exchange IPC data with a SOA adapter (341), a diagnostic server (342), an IPC handler (345), etc.
- the IPC data described in the description of Fig. 3 may be a CAN message or an Ethernet message.
- IPC Handler (345) can operate as a Service Provider that provides data such as diagnosis, firmware upgrade, and system information based on the second auto-stor (347).
- the first processor (732a) can execute a message router (not shown), and the message router can control the frame of the first message, such as a CAN message, to be converted into a frame format of the second message, such as an Ethernet message, and transmitted to the second processor (732b).
- a message router not shown
- the message router can control the frame of the first message, such as a CAN message, to be converted into a frame format of the second message, such as an Ethernet message, and transmitted to the second processor (732b).
- the first processor (732a) can further execute a CAN driver (not shown) and a CAN interface (not shown).
- the CAN interface (not shown) may be executed with 8 channels each in the 4th processor core (not shown) and the 5th processor core (not shown) within the 1st processor (732a), for a total of 16 channels.
- the first CAN interface (not shown) running on the fourth processor core (not shown) corresponds to the first queue (PTb) (queue) in inter-processor communication
- the second CAN interface (not shown) running on the fifth processor core (not shown) corresponds to the second queue (PTa) having a higher priority than the first queue (PTb) in inter-processor communication.
- FIG. 4a is a drawing illustrating an example of the arrangement of a vehicle display device inside a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the interior of the vehicle may be equipped with a cluster display (180a), an AVN (Audio Video Navigation) display (180b), a rear seat entertainment display (180c, 180d), a room mirror display (not shown), etc.
- a cluster display 180a
- an AVN Audio Video Navigation
- a rear seat entertainment display 180c, 180d
- a room mirror display not shown
- FIG. 4b is a drawing illustrating another example of the arrangement of a vehicle display device inside a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a vehicle display device (100) may be equipped with a plurality of displays (180a to 180b), and a signal processing device (170) that performs signal processing for displaying images, information, etc. on the plurality of displays (180a to 180b).
- the first display (180a) may be a cluster display (180a) for displaying driving status, operation information, etc.
- the second display (180b) may be an AVN (Audio Video Navigation) display (180b) for displaying vehicle driving information, a navigation map, various entertainment information, or images.
- AVN Audio Video Navigation
- the signal processing device (170) has a processor (175) inside and can execute a first virtual machine to a third virtual machine (not shown) on a hypervisor (not shown) within the processor (175).
- a second virtual machine (not shown) can operate for the first display (180a), and a third virtual machine (not shown) can operate for the second display (180b).
- the first virtual machine (not shown) in the processor (175) can control the shared memory (508) based on the hypervisor (505) to be set for the same data transmission to the second virtual machine (not shown) and the third virtual machine (not shown). Accordingly, the same information or the same image can be displayed in synchronization on the first display (180a) and the second display (180b) in the vehicle.
- the first virtual machine (not shown) within the processor (175) shares at least a portion of the data with the second virtual machine (not shown) and the third virtual machine (not shown) for data sharing processing. Accordingly, data can be shared and processed among multiple virtual machines for multiple displays within the vehicle.
- the first virtual machine (not shown) within the processor (175) can receive and process wheel speed sensor data of the vehicle, and transmit the processed wheel speed sensor data to at least one of the second virtual machine (not shown) or the third virtual machine (not shown). Accordingly, the wheel speed sensor data of the vehicle can be shared with at least one virtual machine, etc.
- the vehicle display device (100) may further include a rear seat entertainment display (180c) for displaying driving status information, simple navigation information, various entertainment information, or images.
- a rear seat entertainment display (180c) for displaying driving status information, simple navigation information, various entertainment information, or images.
- the signal processing device (170) can control the RSE display (180c) by executing a fourth virtual machine (not shown) in addition to the first virtual machine to the third virtual machine (not shown) on a hypervisor (not shown) within the processor (175).
- some of the multiple displays may operate under Linux OS, while others may operate under Web OS.
- the signal processing device (170) can control the same information or the same image to be displayed in synchronization on displays (180a to 180c) operating under various operating systems (OS).
- OS operating systems
- a vehicle speed indicator (212a) and a vehicle interior temperature indicator (213a) are displayed on a first display (180a)
- a home screen (222) including a plurality of applications and a vehicle speed indicator (212b) and a vehicle interior temperature indicator (213b) are displayed on a second display (180b)
- a second home screen (222b) including a plurality of applications and a vehicle interior temperature indicator (213c) is displayed on a third display (180c).
- FIG. 5 is an example of an internal block diagram of the vehicle display device of FIG. 4b.
- a vehicle display device (100) may include an input unit (110), a communication unit (120) for communication with an external device, a plurality of communication modules (EMa to EMd) for internal communication, a memory (140), a signal processing unit (170), a plurality of displays (180a to 180c), an audio output unit (185), and a power supply unit (190).
- a plurality of communication modules may be arranged, for example, in each of a plurality of zones (Z1 to Z4) of Fig. 2a.
- the signal processing device (170) may have an Ethernet switch (736b) inside for data communication with each communication module (EM1 to EM4).
- Each communication module (EM1 to EM4) can perform data communication with multiple sensor devices (SN) or ECUs (770).
- the plurality of sensor devices may include a camera (195), a lidar (196), a radar (197), or a position sensor (198).
- the input unit (110) may be equipped with physical buttons, pads, etc. for button input, touch input, etc.
- the input unit (110) may be equipped with a microphone (not shown) for user voice input.
- the communication unit (120) can exchange data wirelessly with a mobile terminal (800) or a server (900).
- the communication unit (120) can wirelessly exchange data with the vehicle driver's mobile terminal.
- Various data communication methods such as Bluetooth, WiFi, WiFi Direct, and APiX are possible as wireless data communication methods.
- the communication unit (120) can receive weather information, road traffic situation information, for example, TPEG (Transport Protocol Expert Group) information, from a mobile terminal (800) or a server (900). To this end, the communication unit (120) can be equipped with a mobile communication module (not shown).
- TPEG Transport Protocol Expert Group
- a plurality of communication modules can receive sensor data, etc. from an ECU (770) or a sensor device (SN) and transmit the received sensor data to a signal processing device (170).
- the sensor data may include at least one of vehicle direction data, vehicle location data (GPS data), vehicle angle data, vehicle speed data, vehicle acceleration data, vehicle inclination data, vehicle forward/backward data, battery data, fuel data, tire data, vehicle lamp data, vehicle internal temperature data, and vehicle internal humidity data.
- GPS data vehicle location data
- vehicle angle data vehicle speed data
- vehicle acceleration data vehicle acceleration data
- vehicle inclination data vehicle forward/backward data
- battery data fuel data
- tire data tire data
- vehicle lamp data vehicle internal temperature data
- vehicle internal humidity data vehicle internal humidity data
- Such sensor data can be obtained from a heading sensor, a yaw sensor, a gyro sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward/backward sensor, a wheel sensor, a vehicle speed sensor, a body tilt detection sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor by steering wheel rotation, a vehicle interior temperature sensor, a vehicle interior humidity sensor, and the like.
- the position module may include a GPS module or a position sensor (198) for receiving GPS information.
- At least one of the plurality of communication modules can transmit location information data sensed by a GPS module or a location sensor (198) to a signal processing device (170).
- At least one of the plurality of communication modules can receive vehicle front image data, vehicle side image data, vehicle rear image data, vehicle surrounding obstacle distance information, etc. from a camera (195), a lidar (196), or a radar (197), and transmit the received information to a signal processing device (170).
- the memory (140) can store various data for the overall operation of the vehicle display device (100), such as a program for processing or controlling the signal processing device (170).
- the memory (140) may store data regarding a hypervisor, a first virtualization machine, a third virtualization machine, etc., for execution within the processor (175).
- the audio output unit (185) converts an electric signal from a signal processing device (170) into an audio signal and outputs it.
- a speaker or the like may be provided.
- the power supply unit (190) can supply power required for the operation of each component under the control of the signal processing device (170).
- the power supply unit (190) can receive power from a battery inside the vehicle, etc.
- the signal processing device (170) controls the overall operation of each unit within the vehicle display device (100).
- the signal processing device (170) may include a processor (175) that performs signal processing for a vehicle display (180a, 180b).
- the processor (175) can execute a first virtual machine to a third virtual machine (not shown) on a hypervisor (not shown) within the processor (175).
- the first virtualization machine (not shown) may be named a server virtualization machine (Server Virtual maschine), and the second virtualization machine to the third virtualization machine (not shown) may be named a guest virtualization machine (Guest Virtual maschine).
- Server Virtual maschine server virtualization machine
- Guest Virtual maschine guest virtualization machine
- a first virtual machine within the processor (175) may receive, process or process sensor data from a plurality of sensor devices, for example, vehicle sensor data, location information data, camera image data, audio data, or touch input data, and output the data.
- sensor data for example, vehicle sensor data, location information data, camera image data, audio data, or touch input data
- a first virtual machine can directly receive and process CAN data, Ethernet data, audio data, radio data, USB data, and wireless communication data for a second virtual machine to a third virtual machine (not shown).
- the first virtual machine (not shown) can transmit processed data to the second virtual machine or the third virtual machine (not shown).
- the first virtual machine receives sensor data, communication data, or external input data from multiple sensor devices and performs signal processing, thereby reducing the signal processing burden on other virtual machines, enabling 1:N data communication, and thus enabling synchronization when sharing data.
- the first virtual machine can control the second virtual machine (not shown) and the third virtual machine (not shown) to share the same data by writing data to the shared memory (508).
- a first virtual machine can record vehicle sensor data, the location information data, the camera image data, or the touch input data in the shared memory (508) and control the same data to be shared with a second virtual machine (not shown) and a third virtual machine (not shown). Accordingly, sharing of data in a 1:N manner becomes possible.
- the first virtual machine (not shown) within the processor (175) can control the shared memory (508) based on the hypervisor (505) to be set for the same data transmission to the second virtual machine (not shown) and the third virtual machine (not shown).
- the signal processing device (170) can process various signals such as audio signals, image signals, and data signals.
- the signal processing device (170) can be implemented in the form of a system on chip (SOC).
- the signal processing device (170) in the display device (100) of Fig. 5 may be the same as the signal processing device (170) of the vehicle communication device (700) of Fig. 7, etc.
- Figure 6 is an example of an internal block diagram of a vehicle communication device.
- a vehicle communication device (600x) related to the present disclosure has a first communication gateway (630a) and a second communication gateway (630b).
- the first communication gateway (630a) may be equipped with a CAN transceiver (636a) for exchanging CAN signals through CAN communication with a body module (610), a chassis module (614), a CAN communication diagnostic device (616), at least one CAN communication ECU (618), and a first processor (632a) for signal processing a CAN signal received from the CAN transceiver (636a).
- a CAN transceiver (636a) for exchanging CAN signals through CAN communication with a body module (610), a chassis module (614), a CAN communication diagnostic device (616), at least one CAN communication ECU (618), and a first processor (632a) for signal processing a CAN signal received from the CAN transceiver (636a).
- the first processor (632a) may be equipped with an IPC manager (634a) for performing inter-processor communication with the second processor (632b) within the second communication gateway (630b).
- the second communication gateway (630b) may be equipped with an Ethernet switch (636b) for exchanging Ethernet messages through Ethernet communication with a telematics control module (620), a head module (622), an Ethernet communication diagnostic device (624), at least one Ethernet communication ECU (626), and a second processor (632b) for signal processing an Ethernet message received from the Ethernet switch (636b).
- an Ethernet switch (636b) for exchanging Ethernet messages through Ethernet communication with a telematics control module (620), a head module (622), an Ethernet communication diagnostic device (624), at least one Ethernet communication ECU (626), and a second processor (632b) for signal processing an Ethernet message received from the Ethernet switch (636b).
- the second processor (632b) may be equipped with an IPC manager (634b) for performing inter-processor communication with the first processor (632a) within the first communication gateway (630a).
- interprocessor communication is advantageous for high-speed transmission of large amounts of data using Ethernet-based high bandwidth, but has the disadvantage of causing latency in communication between protocol stacks and physical layers (PHY).
- Fig. 7 is another example of an internal block diagram of a vehicle communication device.
- a vehicle communication device (700) includes a first communication gateway (730a), a second communication gateway (730b), a first processor (732a) which receives a first message including a sensor signal within a vehicle based on a first communication method and performs signal processing, a second processor (732b) which receives a second message including a communication message received from the outside based on a second communication method and performs signal processing of the received second message, and a shared memory (508) which operates to transmit the first message or the second message between the first processor (732a) and the second processor (732b).
- the latency in inter-processor communication is reduced, and high-speed data transmission can be performed.
- the second communication method may be an Ethernet communication method
- the first communication method may be a CAN communication method
- the first message may be a CAN message or a CAN signal
- the second message may be an Ethernet message
- a signal processing device (170) may further include a transceiver (736a) which receives a first message including a sensor signal within the vehicle based on a first communication method and transmits the first message to a first processor (732a), and a switch (736b) which receives a second message including a communication message received from the outside based on a second communication method and transmits the second message to a second processor (732b). Accordingly, the first message and the second message can be stably transmitted to the first processor (732a) and the second processor (732b), respectively.
- the first processor (732a) or transceiver (736a) can exchange CAN signals through CAN communication with a body module (610), a chassis module (614), a CAN communication diagnostic device (616), at least one CAN communication ECU (618), etc.
- the second processor (732b) may be equipped with a second manager (734b) for inter-processor communication (IPC) with the first processor (732a).
- the second manager (734b) may also be named an IPC manager.
- the second manager (734b) may be equipped with a second manager (734b) including a second cache (735b) and a timer (737).
- the second processor (732b) can receive a periodic subscription request for the first message from the Ethernet processor or Ethernet communication ECU (626).
- the second processor (732b) can transmit a subscription request via inter-processor communication (IPC). Accordingly, inter-processor communication can be performed.
- IPC inter-processor communication
- the first processor (732a) periodically receives a first message predefined in a CAN database (DB) from at least one CAN communication ECU (618).
- DB CAN database
- the periodic first message may include sensor data, such as vehicle speed information or location information.
- the periodic first message may include at least one of vehicle direction information, vehicle location information (GPS information), vehicle angle information, vehicle acceleration information, vehicle tilt information, vehicle forward/backward information, battery information, fuel information, tire information, vehicle lamp information, vehicle interior temperature information, and vehicle interior humidity information.
- the first processor (732a) can select a first message for which a subscription request has been received from among the CAN communication data or first messages that are periodically received, and transmit the first message for which a subscription request has been received to the second processor (732b) through inter-processor communication.
- the first processor (732a) processes separately, according to its internal operation, the first message that has not received a subscription request among the periodically received CAN communication data or the first message, and does not transmit it to the second processor (732b).
- the first processor (732a) stores or manages a first message for which a subscription request has been received in the first cache (735a), and when the first message is received, compares the value stored in the first cache (735a), and if the difference is greater than a predetermined value, transmits the first message to the second processor (732b) through inter-processor communication.
- the first processor (732a) stores or manages the first message for which a subscription request has been received in the first cache (735a), and when the first message is received, compares the value stored in the first cache (735a), and if the difference is greater than a predetermined value, transmits the first message to the second processor (732b) through inter-processor communication using the shared memory (508).
- the first processor (732a) may compare the value stored in the first cache (735a) and, if they are not the same, transmit the first message to the second processor (732b) through inter-processor communication using the shared memory (508).
- the first processor (732a) may compare the values stored in the first cache (735a) and, if they are the same, may not transmit the first message to the second processor (732b).
- delay time can be reduced and high-speed data transmission can be performed during inter-processor communication. Accordingly, by minimizing cache occupancy or buffer occupancy of the same data, delay time can be reduced and high-speed data transmission can be performed during inter-processor communication.
- the second processor (732b) can store the first message in the second cache (735b) upon first reception of the first message, and update the second cache (735b) upon subsequent reception of the first message. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce delay time and perform high-speed data transmission during inter-processor communication.
- the second processor (732b) can create a thread of the timer (737) upon receipt of the first message, and transfer the value of the second cache (735b) to the Ethernet processor or Ethernet communication ECU (626) upon expiration of the thread. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the delay time and perform high-speed data transmission during inter-processor communication.
- the second processor (732b) can transfer the value of the second cache (735b) to the Ethernet processor or Ethernet communication ECU (626) during a period in which inter-processor communication is not performed and thus the first message is not received.
- the cache value stored in the second processor (732b) can be transferred to the Ethernet processor (626) without inter-processor communication.
- the IPC buffer within the shared memory (508) operated as a FIFO.
- data such as the first message or the second message can be quickly transmitted through inter-processor communication.
- the second processor (732b) can transmit the updated value in the second cache (735b) to the Ethernet processor or Ethernet communication ECU (626) during the period in which inter-processor communication is performed and the first message is received. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the delay time and perform high-speed data transmission during inter-processor communication.
- the shared memory (508) can transmit data between the first processor (732a) and the second processor (732b) through the first queue (PTb) and the second queue (PTa) having a higher priority than the first queue (PTb) during inter-processor communication.
- the shared memory (508) can ensure that only data corresponding to events allocated for the second queue (PTa) are transmitted through the second queue (PTa) even when events for inter-processor communication increase. Accordingly, real-time transmission of high-priority events in inter-processor communication can be guaranteed.
- the first queue (PTb) may be a normal priority queue
- the second queue (PTa) may be a high priority queue.
- the shared memory (508) can transmit most of the data through the first queue (PTb) during inter-processor communication.
- the shared memory (508) can ensure that only time sensitive and important data are transmitted without delay through the second queue (PTa) with a higher priority than the first queue (PTb).
- time sensitive-critical data may be speed data or location information data.
- the shared memory (508) can transmit speed data or position information data between the first processor (732a) and the second processor (732b) through the second queue (PTa). Accordingly, real-time transmission of high-priority speed data or position information data can be guaranteed in inter-processor communication.
- the first processor (732a) or the second processor (732b) can manage a list including applications that can use the second queue (PTa).
- the second processor (732b) can manage an application for displaying speed information by including it in the second list (738b) as an application that can utilize the second queue (PTa).
- shared memory (508) can reduce delay time in inter-processor communication and perform high-speed data transmission by allocating at least two queues.
- a first manager (734a) in a first processor (732a) manages a first list (738a) which is a white list
- a second manager (734b) in a second processor (732b) manages a second list (738b) which is a white list. Accordingly, real-time transmission of high-priority events can be guaranteed in inter-processor communication.
- FIGS. 8A to 8D are drawings illustrating various examples of vehicle communication devices.
- FIG. 8a illustrates an example of a vehicle communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a vehicle communication device (800a) includes a signal processing device (170a1, 170a2) and a plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4).
- the signal processing device (170a1, 170a2) may also be named an HPC (High Performance Computing) signal processing device.
- a plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) are arranged in each area (Z1 to Z4) and can transmit sensor data to signal processing devices (170a1, 170a2).
- the signal processing device (170a1, 170a2) receives data via wire from multiple area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) or a communication device (120).
- data is exchanged based on wired communication between a signal processing device (170a1, 170a2) and multiple area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4), and the signal processing device (170a1, 170a2) and a server (400) exchange data based on wireless communication.
- data may be exchanged based on wireless communication between a communication device (120) and a server (400), and the signal processing device (170a1, 170a2) and the communication device (120) may exchange data based on wired communication.
- data received by the signal processing device (170a1, 170a2) may include camera data or sensor data.
- sensor data within the vehicle may include at least one of vehicle wheel speed data, vehicle direction data, vehicle position data (GPS data), vehicle angle data, vehicle speed data, vehicle acceleration data, vehicle inclination data, vehicle forward/backward data, battery data, fuel data, tire data, vehicle lamp data, vehicle interior temperature data, vehicle interior humidity data, vehicle exterior radar data, and vehicle exterior lidar data.
- GPS data vehicle position data
- vehicle angle data vehicle speed data
- vehicle acceleration data vehicle acceleration data
- vehicle inclination data vehicle forward/backward data
- battery data fuel data
- tire data vehicle lamp data
- vehicle interior temperature data vehicle interior humidity data
- vehicle exterior radar data vehicle exterior lidar data
- camera data may include vehicle exterior camera data and vehicle interior camera data.
- the signal processing device (170a1, 170a2) can execute multiple virtual machines (820, 830, 840) based on safety criteria.
- a processor (175) in a signal processing device (170a) executes a hypervisor (505) and, on the hypervisor (505), executes first to third virtual machines (820 to 840) according to an automotive safety integrity level (Automotive SIL; ASIL).
- SIL Automotive safety integrity level
- the first virtual machine (820) may be a virtual machine corresponding to Quality Management (QM), which is the lowest safety level in the Automotive Safety Integrity Level (ASIL) and is a non-mandatory level.
- QM Quality Management
- the first virtual machine (820) can execute an operating system (822), a container runtime (824) on the operating system (822), and containers (827, 829) on the container runtime (824).
- the second virtual machine (830) may be a virtual machine corresponding to ASIL A or ASIL B, where the sum of severity, exposure, and controllability is 7 or 8 in the automotive safety integrity level (ASIL).
- ASIL automotive safety integrity level
- the second virtual machine (830) can execute an operating system (832), a container runtime (834) on the operating system (832), and containers (837, 839) on the container runtime (834).
- the third virtual machine (840) may be a virtual machine corresponding to ASIL C or ASIL D, where the sum of severity, exposure, and controllability is 9 or 10 in the automotive safety integrity level (ASIL).
- ASIL automotive safety integrity level
- ASIL D can correspond to the grade that requires the highest safety level.
- the third virtual machine (840) can execute a safety operating system (842) and an application (845) on the operating system (842).
- the third virtual machine (840) may also execute a safety operating system (842), a container runtime (844) on the safety operating system (842), and a container (847) on the container runtime (844).
- the third virtual machine (840) can also be executed through a separate core rather than the processor (175). This will be described later with reference to FIG. 8b.
- processor (175) executing the first to third virtual machines (820 to 840) may correspond to the second processor (732b) of FIG. 7.
- FIG. 8b illustrates another example of a vehicle communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a vehicle communication device (800b) includes a signal processing device (170a1, 170a2) and a plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4).
- the vehicle communication device (800b) of Fig. 8b is similar to the vehicle communication device (800a) of Fig. 8a, but the signal processing device (170a1) has some differences from the signal processing device (170a1) of Fig. 8a.
- the signal processing device (170a1) may be equipped with a processor (175) and a second processor (177).
- the processor (175) in the signal processing unit (170a1) executes a hypervisor (505) and, on the hypervisor (505), executes first and second virtual machines (820 to 830) according to the automotive safety integrity level (Automotive SIL; ASIL).
- SIL Automotive safety integrity level
- the first virtual machine (820) can execute an operating system (822), a container runtime (824) on the operating system (822), and containers (827, 829) on the container runtime (824).
- the second virtual machine (830) can execute an operating system (832), a container runtime (834) on the operating system (832), and containers (837, 839) on the container runtime (834).
- the second processor (177) in the signal processing device (170a1) can execute a third virtual machine (840).
- the third virtual machine (840) can execute a safety operating system (842), an auto-run (845) on the operating system (842), and an application (845) on the auto-run (845). That is, unlike FIG. 8A, an auto-run (846) on the operating system (842) can be executed.
- the third virtual machine (840) may, similarly to FIG. 8a, execute a safety operating system (842), a container runtime (844) on the safety operating system (842), and a container (847) on the container runtime (844).
- the third virtualization machine (840) requiring a high level of security is preferably executed on the second processor (177), which is a different core or different processor, unlike the first and second virtualization machines (820 to 830).
- the processor (175) executing the first and second virtualization machines (820 to 830) may correspond to the second processor (732b) of FIG. 7, and the second processor (177) executing the third virtualization machine (840) may correspond to the first processor (732a) of FIG. 7.
- the signal processing devices (170a1, 170a2) of FIGS. 8a and 8b can operate as a backup second signal processing device (170a2) in the event of an abnormality in the first signal processing device (170a).
- the signal processing devices (170a1, 170a2) can operate simultaneously, with the first signal processing device (170a) operating as the main device and the second signal processing device (170a2) operating as the sub device. This will be described with reference to FIGS. 8c and 8d.
- FIG. 8c illustrates another example of a vehicle communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a vehicle communication device (800c) includes a signal processing device (170a1, 170a2) and a plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4).
- the signal processing device (170a1, 170a2) may also be named an HPC (High Performance Computing) signal processing device.
- a plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) are arranged in each area (Z1 to Z4) and can transmit sensor data to signal processing devices (170a1, 170a2).
- the signal processing device (170a1, 170a2) receives data via wire from multiple area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) or a communication device (120).
- data is exchanged based on wired communication between a signal processing device (170a1, 170a2) and a plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4), and the signal processing device (170a1, 170a2) and a server (400) exchange data based on wireless communication.
- data may be exchanged based on wireless communication between a communication device (120) and a server (400), and the signal processing device (170a1, 170a2) and the communication device (120) may exchange data based on wired communication.
- data received by the signal processing device (170a1, 170a2) may include camera data or sensor data.
- the processor (175) in the first signal processing device (170a1) executes a hypervisor (505) and can execute a safety virtualization machine (860) and a non-safety virtualization machine (870) on the hypervisor (505), respectively.
- the processor (17b5) in the second signal processing device (170a2) executes the hypervisor (505b) and can execute only the safety virtualization machine (880) on the hypervisor (505).
- FIG. 8d illustrates another example of a vehicle communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a vehicle communication device (800d) includes a signal processing device (170a1, 170a2) and a plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4).
- the processor (17b5) in the second signal processing device (170a2) of FIG. 8d executes a hypervisor (505b) and can execute a safety virtualization machine (880) and a non-safety virtualization machine (890) on the hypervisor (505), respectively.
- the difference is that the processor (17b5) within the second signal processing device (170a2) further executes a non-safety virtualization machine (890).
- a vehicle communication device (900) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) and a signal processing device (170).
- the signal processing device (170) at this time can be named an HPC (High Performance Computing) signal processing device.
- a plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) and a signal processing device (170) are connected with wired cables (CB1 to CB4).
- multiple area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) are each connected with a wired cable (CBa to CBd).
- a storage device (925 of FIG. 9b) is provided in the signal processing device (170) according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the data read or write speed to the storage device (925 in FIG. 9b) is faster than the network speed when sensor data is transmitted from at least one of the plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) to the signal processing device (170), it is desirable that multi-path routing be performed so that a network bottleneck does not occur.
- FIG. 9b is a diagram illustrating another example of a vehicle communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a vehicle communication device (900b) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) and a signal processing device (170).
- a plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) and a signal processing device (170) are connected with wired cables (CB1 to CB4).
- multiple area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) can be connected to each other with wired cables (CBa to CBd).
- a signal processing device (170) includes a network controller (915) that controls multi-path routing for at least one of a plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4), and a storage device (925) that stores data received through multi-path routing.
- a signal processing device (170) may further include a storage device controller (920) that controls a storage device (925).
- the data read speed or write speed to the storage device (925) is faster than the network speed when sensor data is transmitted from at least one of the plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) to the signal processing device (170), it is desirable to perform multi-path routing so that a network bottleneck does not occur.
- the network controller (915) receives a part of the sensor data from the first area signal processing device (170Z1) among the plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) from the first area signal processing device (170Z1), and controls another part of the sensor data to be received directly or via at least one area signal processing device (170Z1 to 170Z4) other than the first area signal processing device (170Z1).
- a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from a storage device (925). Furthermore, data can be transmitted to the storage device (925) using multiple paths. Meanwhile, data can be transmitted by dynamically changing the network configuration.
- the sensor data at this time may include at least one of camera data, lidar data, radar data, vehicle direction data, vehicle location data (GPS data), vehicle angle data, vehicle speed data, vehicle acceleration data, vehicle inclination data, vehicle forward/backward data, battery data, fuel data, tire data, vehicle lamp data, vehicle internal temperature data, and vehicle internal humidity data.
- camera data from a camera (195a) and lidar data from a lidar sensor (196) are input to a first area signal processing device (170Z1), and the camera data and lidar data are transmitted to a signal processing device (170) via a second area signal processing device (170Z2), a third area signal processing device (170Z3), etc.
- the network controller (915) can control data from the first area signal processing device (170Z1) that is not time-critical data to be received directly from the first area signal processing device (170Z1).
- non-time critical data which is not time critical data among the sensor data from the first area signal processing device (170Z1), is directly received from the first area signal processing device (170Z1) to the signal processing device (170).
- the network controller (915) can control time-critical data among the sensor data from the first area signal processing device (170Z1) to be received through or directly from at least one area signal processing device (170Z1 to 170Z4) other than the first area signal processing device (170Z1).
- the network controller (915) can set the network speed or bandwidth of a path passing through at least one area signal processing device (170Z1 to 170Z4) other than the first area signal processing device (170Z1) to be greater than the network speed or bandwidth of a path directly transmitted to the signal processing device (170).
- a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device (925). Furthermore, data can be transmitted to the storage device (925) using multiple paths.
- the storage device controller (920) can control both time critical data and non-time critical data received through the network controller (915) to be stored in the storage device (925).
- the network controller (915) can monitor the network topology with multiple area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) and, based on the monitoring, perform bandwidth distribution and path setting for multi-path routing.
- the network controller (915) can set the bandwidth based on the path capacity when setting the path for multi-path routing.
- the network controller (915) can perform multi-path routing based on a software defined network (SDN).
- SDN software defined network
- the network controller (915) does not perform path re-search during multi-path routing. Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device (925).
- FIGS. 10a to 17 are drawings for reference in the operation description of FIG. 9a or FIG. 9b.
- Figure 10a is a diagram illustrating SDN Multi-Path Routing and MPTCP (Multi-Path TCP).
- SDN Multi-Path Routing includes Physical Layer, Data Link Layer (Ethernet), Network Layer (IP), Transport Layer (TCP/UDP), and Application.
- MPTCP Multi-Path TCP
- Ethernet Data Link Layer
- IP Network Layer
- TCP Subflow
- MPTCP Stack MPTCP Stack
- Figure 10b is a diagram illustrating the TCP Protocol Header structure.
- TCP is a connection-oriented protocol that prevents data loss and guarantees transmission order.
- MPTCP has a disadvantage in that if a delay occurs in one path during multi-path transmission, a delay occurs in all other paths to ensure order.
- network congestion control can be performed by changing the window size, which is the size of data that can be transmitted or received at one time in the TCP protocol.
- MPTCP performs a route re-search, performs a Subflow (TCP) Session connection, and starts the process of starting data transmission.
- TCP Subflow
- the MPTCP method has a disadvantage in that it is difficult to apply to a vehicle signal processing device (170).
- Figure 10c is a diagram exemplifying the transmission speed of PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect express).
- the transmission speed can be approximately 1024 Gbps, and when using 4 lanes, the transmission speed can be approximately 256 Gbps.
- a large amount of data is transmitted to and stored in a storage device (925).
- an SDN Multi-Path Routing method capable of simultaneous multi-path transmission is adopted.
- the network controller (915) can monitor the network topology and status within the vehicle in real time, and secure the bandwidth required for data transmission based on the real-time monitoring to set a path.
- congestion control such as network bottlenecks does not occur, and route re-search is also not performed.
- the transmission delay speed for reaching the endpoint through multiple paths may be slower than single-path transmission based on one packet, but it can be transmitted faster based on the entire data being transmitted.
- the storage device controller (920) can transmit a network resource allocation request to the network controller (915), and after transmitting the allocation request, control reading or writing of data to the storage device (925).
- the network controller (915) can receive a request protocol for securing network resources.
- FIGS 11a and 11b illustrate various examples of request protocols.
- Figure 11a is an example of a request protocol.
- a request protocol (1100) for securing network resources may include a header and a payload.
- the header can contain ETH, VLAN Tag, IP, and TCP/UDP information.
- the payload within the request protocol (1100) for securing network resources may include type information, priority information, data size information, requested bandwidth information, transmission address information, and reception address information.
- Data size information can be information on the total size of data for reading or writing.
- the required bandwidth information may be the total bandwidth information required to ensure stable transmission.
- the sending address information and receiving address information can each be IP addresses.
- the network controller (915) can set the bandwidth for receiving the corresponding data to be larger than the reception bandwidth of other data based on the priority information in the request protocol (1100).
- the network controller (915) can set a path for receiving the corresponding data to be shorter than the path for receiving other data based on priority information in the request protocol (1100). Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device (925).
- Figure 11b is another example of a request protocol.
- a request protocol (1100b) for securing network resources may include a header and a payload.
- the request protocol (1100b) for securing network resources of Fig. 11b is similar to the request protocol (1100) for securing network resources of Fig. 11a, but differs in that priority information or safety level information is included in the payload.
- Safety level information at this time may include information such as QM, ASIL-B, and ASIL-D.
- the network controller (915) may set the bandwidth for receiving the corresponding data to be larger than the reception bandwidth of other data based on priority information or safety level information in the request protocol (1100).
- the network controller (915) can set a path for receiving the corresponding data to be shorter than the path for receiving other data based on priority information or safety level information in the request protocol (1100). Accordingly, a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device (925).
- the network controller (915) can control to transmit updated flow table information to at least one of the plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) after path allocation for data transmission is completed.
- a protocol for updated flow table information can be transmitted between the network controller (915) and multiple area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4).
- Figure 11c illustrates a protocol for updated flow table information.
- the protocol (1100c) for updated flow table information includes a header and a payload.
- the payload within the protocol (1100c) for updated flow table information may include priority information, transmitter address information, receiver address information, and updated flow table information.
- Updated flow table information can include port information according to action number.
- the network controller (915) can transmit a protocol (1100c) for updated flow table information of FIG. 11c to network switches (970a to 970d) provided in multiple area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4).
- the network switches (970a to 970d) provided in the multiple area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) can perform network switching based on the protocol (1100c) for the updated flow table information of FIG. 11c.
- At least one of the plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) can perform single-path packet transmission when there is single port information among the received flow table information, and can perform multi-path routing when there is multi-path information among the received flow table information. This is described with reference to FIG. 11d.
- Figure 11d illustrates an example of a flow table.
- the flow table (1100d) may be a flow table within a network switch (970a to 970d).
- the flow table (1100d) in the drawing is exemplified as including single port information, such as port 2, port 3, and port 1, in table numbers 1 to 3.
- At least one of the multiple domain signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) can perform single-path packet transmission using each of single ports, port 2, port 3, and port 1.
- the flow table (1100d) in the drawing is exemplified as including multi-port information (1127) in table number 4.
- At least one of the multiple area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) can perform multi-path routing using multi-port information (1127).
- At least one of the multiple area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) can perform packet forwarding in a round-robin manner.
- a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device (925). Furthermore, data can be transmitted to the storage device (925) using multiple paths.
- FIG. 12 illustrates an example of an operation method of a signal processing device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the network controller (915) within the signal processing device (170) calculates a group of transmittable candidates (S1205).
- a network controller (915) within a signal processing device (170) can monitor bandwidth information of various paths, etc., and calculate a group of transmittable candidate paths as a group of transmittable candidates.
- the network controller (915) in the signal processing device (170) determines whether the requested bandwidth is greater than the lowest bandwidth among the transmittable path candidates (S1210), and if so, sequentially allocates the bandwidth from the path with the highest bandwidth among the candidates to the lowest bandwidth among the candidates (S1220).
- the network controller (915) within the signal processing device (170) determines whether bandwidth allocation is completed (S1230), and if so, updates the flow table (S1240).
- the network controller (915) within the signal processing device (170) can transmit a protocol (1100c) for updated flow table information, such as that of FIG. 11c, to at least one of the multiple area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4).
- the network controller (915) may allocate a bandwidth corresponding to the number of transmittable paths if the requested bandwidth is less than or equal to the lowest bandwidth among the transmittable path candidates (S1225).
- the network controller (915) can allocate bandwidth on average as many as the number of transmittable paths when the requested bandwidth is less than or equal to the lowest bandwidth among the transmittable path candidates.
- the network controller (915) within the signal processing device (170) can transmit a protocol (1100c) for updated flow table information, such as that of FIG. 11c, to at least one of the multiple area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4).
- FIG. 13 illustrates an example of an operation method of an area signal processing device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 13 exemplifies a packet processing operation method of a network switch located in the area signal processing device.
- At least one network switch (970a to 970d) among multiple area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) receives a packet (S1305).
- the packet at this time may be a data packet based on sensor data.
- At least one network switch (970a to 970d) among multiple area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) determines whether a flow table matching a received packet is a single port (S1310), and if so, performs single-path packet forwarding (S1317).
- the network controller (915) performs multi-path packet forwarding based on the updated flow table in step 1310 (S1310) if at least one network switch (970a to 970d) among the plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) has a multi-port rather than a single port flow table matching the received packet (S1315).
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an operation method of a vehicle communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- some of the time-critical data among the sensor data from the first area signal processing device (170Z1) is transmitted to the signal processing device (170) via the second signal processing device (170Z2), some of the time-critical data among the sensor data from the first area signal processing device (170Z1) is transmitted to the signal processing device (170) via the third signal processing device (170Z3), and still other parts can be directly received by the signal processing device (170).
- the network controller (915) can control data from the first area signal processing device (170Z1) that is not time-critical data to be received directly from the first area signal processing device (170Z1).
- the network controller (915) can set the network speed or bandwidth of a path passing through at least one area signal processing device (170Z1 to 170Z4) other than the first area signal processing device (170Z1) to be smaller than the network speed or bandwidth of a path directly transmitted to the signal processing device (170).
- a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device (925). Furthermore, data can be transmitted to the storage device (925) using multiple paths.
- the network controller (915) within the signal processing device (170) determines whether there is a path with a higher bandwidth than the path along which the existing multi-path transmission is in progress (S1510), and if so, performs a multi-path operation (S1515).
- the network controller (915) within the signal processing device (170) can additionally update the updated flow table based on the multi-path operation (S1520).
- the network controller (915) may transmit updated flow table information to at least one of the plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) at a first time point, and may transmit additional updated flow table information to at least one of the plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4) at a second time point based on monitoring the network topology with the plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4).
- a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from a storage device (925). Furthermore, data can be transmitted by dynamically changing the network configuration.
- Figure 16 illustrates a protocol for additional updated flow table information.
- the protocol (1600) for additional updated flow table information includes a header and a payload.
- the payload within the protocol (1600) for additional updated flow table information may include priority information, transmitter address information, receiver address information, and additional updated flow table information (1615).
- Additional updated flow table information (1615) may include port information according to action number.
- the table (TBb) in the additional updated flow table information (1615) exemplifies that the port information of action number 6 is changed compared to the existing flow table (TBa).
- the network controller (915) transmits the protocol (1100c) for the updated flow table information of FIG. 11c to the network switches (970a to 970d) provided in the plurality of area signal processing devices (170Z1 to 170Z4), and then, if a transmission path with better conditions is secured during network link status monitoring, the network controller (915) can transmit the protocol (1600) for the additional updated flow table information of FIG. 16.
- data can be stably transmitted to a storage device (925) using multiple paths. Furthermore, data can be transmitted by dynamically changing the network configuration.
- FIG. 17 illustrates an example of an operation method of a vehicle communication device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a camera (195a) among the sensor devices (SN) transmits a request to a storage device controller (920) (S1705).
- the storage device controller (920) transmits a network resource allocation request to the network controller (915) (S1710).
- the network controller (915) can transmit updated flow table information to the network switch (970a) in the first area signal processing device (170Z1) and the network switch (970b) in the second area signal processing device (170Z2) (S1720).
- the updated flow table information at this time may include routing table information.
- the camera (195a) transmits sensor data to the network switch (970a) within the connected first area signal processing device (170Z1) (S1725).
- the network switch (970a) within the first area signal processing device (170Z1) can transmit sensor data to the network switch (970b) within the second area signal processing device (170Z2) based on the updated flow table information.
- the network switch (970b) within the second domain signal processing device (170Z2) can transmit sensor data to the storage device controller (920).
- the storage device controller (920) can store sensor data in the storage device (925).
- a stable network environment can be secured when reading or writing data from the storage device (925). Furthermore, data can be transmitted to the storage device (925) using multiple paths.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (18)
- 복수의 영역 신호 처리 장치 중 적어도 하나에 대한 멀티 패쓰 라우팅을 제어하는 네트워크 컨트롤러;상기 멀티 패쓰 라우팅을 통해 수신되는 데이터를 저장하는 저장 장치;를 포함하고,상기 네트워크 컨트롤러는,상기 복수의 영역 신호 처리 장치 중 제1 영역 신호 처리 장치로부터의 센서 데이터의 일부를 상기 제1 영역 신호 처리 장치로부터 수신하고, 상기 센서 데이터의 다른 일부를, 상기 제1 영역 신호 처리 장치 외의 적어도 하나의 영역 신호 처리 장치를 경유하여 수신되거나 직접 수신되도록 제어하는 신호 처리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 저장 장치를 제어하는 저장 장치 컨트롤러;를 더 포함하는 것인 신호 처리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 네트워크 컨트롤러는,상기 제1 영역 신호 처리 장치로부터의 센서 데이터 중 타임 크리티컬 데이터가 아닌 데이터는, 상기 제1 영역 신호 처리 장치로부터 직접 수신되도록 제어하고,상기 제1 영역 신호 처리 장치로부터의 센서 데이터 중 상기 타임 크리티컬 데이터는, 상기 제1 영역 신호 처리 장치 외의 적어도 하나의 영역 신호 처리 장치를 경유하여 수신되거나 직접 수신되도록 제어하는 것인 신호 처리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 네트워크 컨트롤러는,상기 복수의 영역 신호 처리 장치와의 네트워크 토폴로지를 모니터링하고, 상기 모니터링에 기초하여, 상기 멀티 패쓰 라우팅을 위한 대역폭 분배 및 경로 설정을 수행하는 것인 신호 처리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 네트워크 컨트롤러는,상기 멀티 패쓰 라우팅을 위한 경로 설정시, 경로 용량에 기초하여 대역폭을 설정하는 것인 신호 처리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 네트워크 컨트롤러는,소프트웨어 정의 네트워크(Software Defined Network; SDN) 기반의 상기 멀티 패쓰 라우팅을 수행하는 것인 신호 처리 장치.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 저장 장치 컨트롤러는,상기 네트워크 컨트롤러로, 네트워크 리소스 할당 요청을 전송하고, 상기 할당 요청 전송 이후, 상기 저장 장치로 데이터의 읽기 또는 쓰기가 수행되도록 제어하는 것인 신호 처리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 네트워크 컨트롤러는,네트워크 리소스 확보를 위한 요청 프로토콜을 수신하며,상기 요청 프로토콜은,타입 정보, 우선 순위 정보 또는 세이프티 레벨 정보, 데이터 사이즈 정보, 요구 대역폭 정보, 송신 주소 정보, 수신 주소 정보를 포함하는 것인 신호 처리 장치.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 네트워크 컨트롤러는,상기 요청 프로토콜 내의 상기 우선 순위 정보 또는 상기 세이프티 레벨 정보에 기초하여, 해당 데이터의 수신을 위한 대역폭을 다른 데이터의 수신 대역폭 보다 크게 설정하는 것인 신호 처리 장치.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 네트워크 컨트롤러는,상기 요청 프로토콜 내의 상기 우선 순위 정보 또는 상기 세이프티 레벨 정보에 기초하여, 해당 데이터의 수신을 위한 경로를 다른 데이터의 수신 경로 보다 짧게 설정하는 것인 신호 처리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 네트워크 컨트롤러는,전송 가능한 경로 후보군 중에서 가장 낮은 대역폭 보다 요청 대역폭이 더 큰 경우, 상기 후보군 중 가장 높은 대역폭을 가진 경로부터 후보군이 가진 대역폭 중 가장 낮은 대역폭 만큼 할당하는 것인 신호 처리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 네트워크 컨트롤러는,전송 가능한 경로 후보군 중에서 가장 낮은 대역폭 보다 요청 대역폭이 작거나 같은 경우, 전송 가능한 경로 수에 대응하는 대역폭을 할당하는 것인 신호 처리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 네트워크 컨트롤러는,데이터 전송을 위한 경로 할당 완료 이후, 상기 복수의 영역 신호 처리 장치 중 적어도 하나로, 업데이트된 플로우 테이블 정보를 전송하도록 제어하는 것인 신호 처리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 복수의 영역 신호 처리 장치 중 적어도 하나는,수신되는 플로우 테이블 정보 중 단일 포트 정보가 있는 경우, 단일 경로 패킷 전송을 수행하고,수신되는 플로우 테이블 정보 중 멀티 패쓰 정보가 있는 경우, 상기 멀티 패쓰 라우팅을 수행하는 것인 신호 처리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 네트워크 컨트롤러는,제1 시점에, 상기 복수의 영역 신호 처리 장치 중 적어도 하나로, 업데이트된 플로우 테이블 정보를 전송하며,상기 복수의 영역 신호 처리 장치와의 네트워크 토폴로지를 모니터링에 기초하여, 제2 시점에, 상기 복수의 영역 신호 처리 장치 중 적어도 하나로, 추가 업데이트된 플로우 테이블 정보를 전송하는 것인 신호 처리 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 네트워크 컨트롤러는,상기 멀티 패쓰 라우팅시, 경로 재 탐색을 수행하지 않는 것인 신호 처리 장치.
- 복수의 영역 신호 처리 장치;상기 복수의 영역 신호 처리 장치 중 적어도 하나로부터 데이터를 수신하는 신호 처리 장치;를 포함하고,상기 신호 처리 장치는,제1항 내지 제16항 중 어느 한 항의 신호 처리 장치를 포함하는 차량용 통신 장치.
- 제17항에 있어서,상기 복수의 영역 신호 처리 장치 중 적어도 하나는,수신되는 플로우 테이블 정보 중 단일 포트 정보가 있는 경우, 단일 경로 패킷 전송을 수행하고,수신되는 플로우 테이블 정보 중 멀티 패쓰 정보가 있는 경우, 상기 멀티 패쓰 라우팅을 수행하는 것인 차량용 통신 장치.
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| KR1020257025474A KR20250133337A (ko) | 2023-06-05 | 2023-06-05 | 신호 처리 장치 및 이를 구비하는 차량용 통신 장치 |
| PCT/KR2023/007713 WO2024253209A1 (ko) | 2023-06-05 | 2023-06-05 | 신호 처리 장치 및 이를 구비하는 차량용 통신 장치 |
| EP23940797.6A EP4723583A1 (en) | 2023-06-05 | 2023-06-05 | Signal processing device and communication device for vehicle comprising same |
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| PCT/KR2023/007713 WO2024253209A1 (ko) | 2023-06-05 | 2023-06-05 | 신호 처리 장치 및 이를 구비하는 차량용 통신 장치 |
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| EP4723583A1 (en) | 2026-04-08 |
| KR20250133337A (ko) | 2025-09-05 |
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