WO2024252847A1 - 電力変換装置、プログラム - Google Patents
電力変換装置、プログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024252847A1 WO2024252847A1 PCT/JP2024/017410 JP2024017410W WO2024252847A1 WO 2024252847 A1 WO2024252847 A1 WO 2024252847A1 JP 2024017410 W JP2024017410 W JP 2024017410W WO 2024252847 A1 WO2024252847 A1 WO 2024252847A1
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- storage unit
- power storage
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- terminal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/007—Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/25—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by controlling the electric load
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a power conversion device and a program.
- a conventional system includes a motor, an inverter, a storage battery, and a control device.
- the control device performs temperature rise control by switching the inverter so that a ripple current flows through the storage battery.
- temperature rise control is the technology described in Patent Document 1.
- the primary objective of this disclosure is to provide a power conversion device and program that can accurately determine abnormalities in temperature rise control.
- the present disclosure provides an inverter having an upper arm switch and a lower arm switch; a motor having an armature winding electrically connected to a low potential terminal of the upper arm switch and a high potential terminal of the lower arm switch;
- a power conversion device comprising: a high potential side path electrically connecting a positive electrode terminal of a first power storage unit and a high potential side terminal of the upper arm switch; a low potential side path electrically connecting a negative electrode terminal of the second power storage unit and a low potential side terminal of the lower arm switch; an inter-power storage unit switch that, when turned on, electrically connects the negative electrode terminal of the first power storage unit and the positive electrode terminal of the second power storage unit and, when turned off, electrically disconnects the negative electrode terminal of the first power storage unit and the positive electrode terminal of the second power storage unit; a bypass switch that electrically connects negative electrode terminals of the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit to each other and electrically connects positive electrode terminals of the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit to each
- the power conversion device disclosed herein includes a switch between the storage units, a bypass switch, a connection path, and a neutral capacitor as components for performing temperature rise control.
- Temperature rise control is a control that switches at least one of the upper and lower arm switches while turning on the bypass switch and turning off the switch between the storage units in order to pass ripple current through the first storage unit and the second storage unit.
- the detection value of a current sensor that detects the current flowing through the connection path or the current flowing through the armature winding is input to the control device.
- the detection value of the current sensor when an abnormality in the temperature rise control occurs behaves differently from the detection value of the current sensor when no abnormality in the temperature rise control occurs. For this reason, the control device can accurately determine that an abnormality in the temperature rise control has occurred based on the detection value of the current sensor.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a system according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a control state of a switch during temperature rise control
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit during temperature rise control
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a procedure of the temperature increase control process.
- FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of a battery current calculation process
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a threshold setting mode
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a threshold setting mode
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a temperature rise control process according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a system according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a control state of a switch during temperature rise control
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit during temperature rise control
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a procedure of the temperature increase control process.
- FIG. 5 is
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a procedure of a temperature rise control process according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a time chart showing an example of a voltage transition.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a system according to a fourth embodiment;
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a control state of the switch during temperature increase control;
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit during temperature rise control;
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a procedure of the temperature increase control process.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a system according to another embodiment;
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a system according to another embodiment.
- the power conversion device of the present embodiment is mounted on a vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle to form an in-vehicle system.
- the power conversion device includes a motor 10, an inverter 20, a high-potential side path 22H, and a low-potential side path 22L.
- the motor 10 is a three-phase synchronous machine, and includes star-connected armature windings 11 of U, V, and W phases, and a rotor (not shown).
- the armature windings 11 of each phase are arranged with an electrical angle of 120°.
- the motor 10 is, for example, a permanent magnet synchronous machine.
- the rotor is capable of transmitting power to the drive wheels of the vehicle. Therefore, the motor 10 serves as a source of torque for driving the vehicle.
- the inverter 20 has three phases of series connections of upper arm switches SWH and lower arm switches SWL.
- An upper arm diode DH which is a freewheel diode, is connected in inverse parallel to the upper arm switch SWH, and a lower arm diode DL, which is also a freewheel diode, is connected in inverse parallel to the lower arm switch SWL.
- each switch SWH, SWL is an IGBT.
- the inverter 20 includes a smoothing capacitor 21.
- a high-potential side path 22H is connected to the high-potential side terminal of the smoothing capacitor 21.
- a low-potential side path 22L is connected to the low-potential side terminal of the smoothing capacitor 21.
- the high-potential side path 22H and the low-potential side path 22L are, for example, electrical paths such as bus bars.
- the smoothing capacitor 21 may be provided outside the inverter 20.
- a first end of the armature winding 11 is connected to the connection point between the emitter, which is the low potential terminal of the upper arm switch SWH, and the collector, which is the high potential terminal of the lower arm switch SWL, via a conductive member 23 such as a bus bar.
- the second ends of the armature windings 11 of each phase are connected to each other at the neutral point O.
- the armature windings 11 of each phase are set to have the same number of turns. As a result, the armature windings 11 of each phase are set to have the same inductance, for example.
- a high-potential side path 22H is connected to the collector of the upper arm switch SWH of each phase.
- a low-potential side path 22L is connected to the emitter of the lower arm switch SWL of each phase.
- the system includes a first storage battery 31 (corresponding to the "first storage unit") and a second storage battery 32 (corresponding to the "second storage unit”).
- Each storage battery 31, 32 is a power supply source for rotating and driving the rotor of the motor 10.
- Each storage battery 31, 32 is an assembled battery including a series connection of multiple unit batteries.
- the unit battery is a single battery cell that is a single cell, or a series connection of multiple battery cells.
- the positive terminal of the first storage battery 31 is connected to the high potential side path 22H via the first fuse 41, and the negative terminal of the second storage battery 32 is connected to the low potential side path 22L via the second fuse 42.
- the terminal voltages (e.g., rated voltages) of the battery cells that make up the assembled battery are set to be the same, for example.
- the battery cells are, for example, secondary batteries such as lithium ion batteries.
- the rated voltage of the first storage battery 31 is higher than the rated voltage of the second storage battery 32.
- This rated voltage setting can be achieved, for example, when the rated voltages of the unit batteries constituting the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 are the same, by making the number of unit batteries constituting the first storage battery 31 greater than the number of unit batteries constituting the second storage battery 32.
- this rated voltage setting can be achieved, for example, when the number of unit batteries constituting the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 are the same, by making the rated voltage of the unit batteries constituting the first storage battery 31 higher than the rated voltage of the unit batteries constituting the second storage battery 32.
- the power conversion device includes a main switch for electrically connecting or disconnecting the first and second storage batteries 31, 32 and the inverter 20. More specifically, the main switches include a high-side main switch SMRH, a low-side main switch SMRL, and a precharge main switch SMRP. In this embodiment, each of the main switches SMRH, SMRL, and SMRP is a mechanical relay. When turned off, each of the main switches SMRH, SMRL, and SMRP blocks bidirectional current flow, and when turned on, allows bidirectional current flow.
- the high-side main switch SMRH connects the high-side path 22H and the first fuse 41
- the low-side main switch SMRL connects the low-side path 22L and the second fuse 42.
- each of the main switches SMRH and SMRL is not limited to a mechanical relay, and may be, for example, a semiconductor switching element.
- the low-potential side main switch SMRL is connected in parallel to a series connection of the precharge main switch SMRP and the precharge resistor 40. Note that the series connection of the precharge main switch SMRP and the precharge resistor 40 may be connected in parallel to the high-potential side main switch SMRH instead of the low-potential side main switch SMRL.
- the power conversion device includes an inter-battery switch 50 (corresponding to an "inter-energy storage unit switch"), a bypass switch 60, a first motor side switch 71, a second motor side switch 72, and a connection path 73 as components for switching the connection state of the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32.
- the inter-battery switch 50, the bypass switch 60, and each of the motor side switches 71, 72 are mechanical relays.
- the inter-battery switch 50, the bypass switch 60, and each of the motor side switches 71, 72 are turned off, they block the flow of current in both directions, and when they are turned on, they allow the flow of current in both directions.
- the inter-battery switch 50, the bypass switch 60, and each of the motor side switches 71, 72 are not limited to mechanical relays, and may be, for example, semiconductor switching elements.
- the inter-battery switch 50 connects the negative terminal of the first storage battery 31 and the positive terminal of the second storage battery 32.
- the inter-battery switch 50 When the inter-battery switch 50 is turned on, the negative terminal of the first storage battery 31 and the positive terminal of the second storage battery 32 are electrically connected. On the other hand, when the inter-battery switch 50 is turned off, the negative terminal of the first storage battery 31 and the positive terminal of the second storage battery 32 are electrically disconnected.
- the bypass switch 60 connects the negative terminal of the first storage battery 31 to the low potential side path 22L.
- the bypass switch 60 When the bypass switch 60 is turned on, the negative terminal of the first storage battery 31 and the negative terminal of the second storage battery 32 are electrically connected.
- the bypass switch 60 when the bypass switch 60 is turned off, the negative terminal of the first storage battery 31 and the negative terminal of the second storage battery 32 are electrically disconnected.
- the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 constitute the battery unit 30.
- connection path 73 is an electrical path that connects the positive terminal of the second storage battery 32 to the neutral point O.
- a first motor side switch 71 and a second motor side switch 72 are provided on the connection path 73 in this order from the second storage battery 32.
- the power conversion device includes a neutral point capacitor 74, which is a capacitor that connects the connection path 73 and the low potential side path 22L.
- a first end of the neutral point capacitor 74 is connected to a portion of the connection path 73 between the first motor side switch 71 and the second motor side switch 72.
- a second end of the neutral point capacitor 74 is connected to a portion of the low potential side path 22L that is closer to the inverter 20 than the low potential side main switch SMRL and the precharge main switch SMRP.
- the first motor side switch 71 When the first motor side switch 71 is turned on, the first end of the neutral point capacitor 74 is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the second storage battery 32. On the other hand, when the first motor side switch 71 is turned off, the first end of the neutral point capacitor 74 is electrically disconnected from the positive terminal of the second storage battery 32.
- the second motor side switch 72 When the second motor side switch 72 is turned on, the neutral point O of the armature winding 11 is electrically connected to the first end of the neutral point capacitor 74. On the other hand, when the second motor side switch 72 is turned off, the neutral point O is electrically disconnected from the first end of the neutral point capacitor 74.
- the power conversion device is equipped with a first current sensor 81, a second current sensor 82, a phase current sensor 83, and a motor current sensor 84 as current sensors that detect the current flowing in each part of the power conversion device.
- the first current sensor 81 detects the current flowing in the first storage battery 31, and the second current sensor 82 detects the current flowing in the second storage battery 32.
- the phase current sensor 83 detects the current flowing in the armature winding 11 of each phase.
- the motor current sensor 84 detects the current flowing in the part of the connection path 73 that is closer to the neutral point O than the connection point with the neutral point capacitor 74.
- the power conversion device includes a first voltage sensor 86 that detects the terminal voltage of the first storage battery 31, a second voltage sensor 87 that detects the terminal voltage of the second storage battery 32, a capacitor voltage sensor 85 that detects the terminal voltage of the neutral point capacitor 74, and a power supply voltage sensor 89 that detects the terminal voltage of the smoothing capacitor 21.
- the power conversion device includes a temperature sensor 88 that detects the temperatures of the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32.
- the power conversion device also includes a rotation angle sensor (not shown) that detects the rotation angle (electrical angle) of the rotor as another sensor.
- the system comprises a battery ECU 90 which controls the battery unit 30, a motor ECU 100 which controls the inverter 20, and an EVECU 110 which manages the system.
- the battery ECU 90 is an electronic control unit mainly composed of a microcomputer 91.
- the motor ECU 100 is an electronic control unit mainly composed of a microcomputer 101.
- the EVECU 110 is an electronic control unit mainly composed of a microcomputer 111, and is a higher-level control unit than the battery ECU 90 and the motor ECU 100.
- the battery ECU 90 and the motor ECU 100 are able to exchange information via the EVECU 110.
- Each microcomputer 91, 101, 111 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
- the functions provided by each microcomputer 91, 101, 111 can be provided by software recorded in a physical memory device and a computer that executes the software, by software alone, by hardware alone, or by a combination of these.
- each microcomputer 91, 101, 111 is provided by an electronic circuit that is hardware, it can be provided by a digital circuit including a large number of logic circuits, or an analog circuit.
- each microcomputer 91, 101, 111 executes a program stored in a non-transitory tangible storage medium that serves as a storage unit provided in the microcomputer.
- the program includes, for example, a program for the process shown in FIG. 5, which will be described later.
- a method corresponding to the program is executed by executing a set of instructions that constitute the program.
- the storage unit is, for example, a non-volatile memory.
- the program stored in the storage unit can be updated via a communication network such as the Internet, for example, OTA (Over The Air).
- the battery ECU 90 receives the detection values of the first current sensor 81, the second current sensor 82, the first voltage sensor 86, the second voltage sensor 87, and the temperature sensor 88.
- the detection values of the first current sensor 81, the second current sensor 82, the first voltage sensor 86, the second voltage sensor 87, and the temperature sensor 88 are not directly input to the motor ECU 100 and the EVECU 110.
- the motor ECU 100 receives detection values from a phase current sensor 83, a motor current sensor 84, a capacitor voltage sensor 85, a power supply voltage sensor 89, and a rotation angle sensor.
- the motor ECU 100 performs switching control of the switches SWH and SWL that make up the inverter 20 to feedback control the control amount of the motor 10 to a command value based on the detection values of each sensor.
- the control amount is, for example, torque.
- the upper arm switch SWH and the lower arm switch SWL are alternately turned on. This feedback control transmits the rotational power of the rotor of the motor 10 to the drive wheels, causing the vehicle to run.
- each of the main switches SMRH, SMRL, SMRP, the inter-battery switch 50, the bypass switch 60, and each of the motor-side switches 71, 72 may be controlled by either the battery ECU 90, the motor ECU 100, or the EVECU 110, or may be controlled by an ECU other than each of the ECUs 90, 100, 110.
- each of the main switches SMRH, SMRL, SMRP, the inter-battery switch 50, the bypass switch 60, and each of the motor-side switches 71, 72 are assumed to be controlled by the motor ECU 100.
- the temperature rise control quickly raises the temperature of the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32, thereby shortening the charging time using an external charger, for example.
- Figure 2 shows the control state of each switch during temperature rise control.
- the motor ECU 100 turns on the high potential side main switch SMRH, the bypass switch 60 and each motor side switch 71, 72, and turns off the low potential side main switch SMRL, the pre-charge main switch SMRP and the inter-battery switch 50.
- Figure 3 is an equivalent circuit of the power conversion device during temperature rise control. In the equivalent circuit, a half-bridge circuit is formed by the upper arm switch SWH and the lower arm switch SWL.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the procedure for temperature rise control. This process is executed by the motor ECU 100.
- step S10 it is determined whether or not there is a request to increase the temperature of at least one of the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32. For example, if it is determined that the battery detected temperature TBr is less than the target temperature TBtgt, it is determined that there is a request to increase the temperature, and if it is determined that the battery detected temperature TBr is equal to or greater than the target temperature TBtgt, it is determined that there is no request to increase the temperature.
- the battery detected temperature TBr may be, for example, the lower of the temperatures TB1, TB2 of the first and second storage batteries 31, 32 detected by the temperature sensor 88, or may be the average temperature of the temperatures TB1, TB2 of the first and second storage batteries 31, 32.
- the temperatures TB1, TB2 of the first and second storage batteries 31, 32 are obtained from the battery ECU 90 via the EVECU 110.
- step S10 If it is determined in step S10 that there is a temperature increase request, the process proceeds to step S11, where the magnitude of the amplitude of the target current Itgt to be passed through the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 is adjusted.
- the target current Itgt is an AC signal that fluctuates at a predetermined period. For example, the difference between the battery detection temperature TBr and the target temperature TBtgt may be calculated, and the greater the calculated difference, the greater the amplitude may be.
- the target current Itgt in this embodiment is a sinusoidal current. For example, the time average value of the target current Itgt over one period is 0.
- step S12 temperature rise control is started.
- the low potential side main switch SMRL, the precharge main switch SMRP and the inter-battery switch 50 are turned off, and the high potential side main switch SMRH, the bypass switch 60, the first motor side switch 71 and the second motor side switch 72 are turned on.
- step S12 the inverter 20 is switched to control the current flowing through the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 to the target current Itgt.
- the current detected by the first current sensor 81 or the second current sensor 82 is obtained from the battery ECU 90, and switching is performed to control the obtained current to the target current Itgt.
- step S12 the upper and lower arm switches SWH, SWL of the inverter 20 may be alternately switched on, or the upper arm switch SWH may be switched on while the lower arm switch SWL is kept off. In this case, switching may be performed on all three phases, only two of the three phases, or only one of the three phases. When switching two or more phases, for example, the timing of switching on and off the upper arm switch SWH may be synchronized for each phase.
- step S13 the battery current Ibatt, which is the current flowing through the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32, is calculated.
- Figure 5 is a block diagram of the calculation process for the battery current Ibatt.
- the first current calculation unit 102 calculates the capacitor current Ic, which is the current flowing through the neutral point capacitor 74, based on the time differential value of the capacitor voltage VN, which is the voltage detected by the capacitor voltage sensor 85, and the capacitance C of the neutral point capacitor 74. This calculation method is based on the following equation (eq1).
- the second current calculation unit 103 calculates the battery current Ibatt by subtracting the capacitor current Ic calculated by the first current calculation unit 102 from the motor current IN, which is the current detected by the motor current sensor 84. Note that the second current calculation unit 103 may use the current flowing through the connection path 73 (specifically, the portion of the connection path 73 on the neutral point O side relative to the connection point with the neutral point capacitor 74) calculated based on the detection value of the phase current sensor 83, instead of the motor current IN.
- step S14 it is determined whether or not an abnormality in the temperature rise control has occurred based on the calculated battery current Ibatt.
- an abnormality in the temperature rise control is, for example, an abnormality in which the magnitude of the current flowing through the first and second storage batteries 31, 32 deviates from the magnitude of the target current Itgt (
- an overcurrent flows in the closed circuit including the inverter 20, the armature winding 11, the connection path 73, and the first and second storage batteries 31, 32, etc., which can reduce the reliability of the inverter 20 and the first and second storage batteries 31, 32, etc.
- abnormalities in temperature rise control include the following: (A) to (C)
- the paths through which the current flows include the first fuse 41, the high potential side main switch SMRH, the high potential side path 22H, the inverter 20, the conductive member 23, the armature winding 11, the second motor side switch 72, the connection path 73, the first motor side switch 71, the second fuse 42, and the bypass switch 60.
- an abnormality in the inverter 20 includes an unintended on of the upper arm switch SWH. If an unintended on occurs, an overcurrent will flow through the connection path 73 and the first and second storage batteries 31, 32, etc. during temperature rise control, and the reliability of the first and second storage batteries 31, 32, etc. may decrease. An unintended on may occur, for example, due to a short circuit failure of the upper arm switch SWH.
- An abnormality of the motor ECU 100 may lead to an abnormality in the temperature rise control.
- an abnormality of the motor ECU 100 may cause the upper arm switch SWH to be maintained on even when it is desired to switch the upper arm switch SWH.
- the upper arm switch SWH may be unintentionally turned on.
- Abnormality in the signal path from the motor ECU 100 to the gate of the upper arm switch SWH Abnormality in the signal path may lead to abnormality in the temperature rise control.
- An abnormality in the signal path may include, for example, an abnormality in the drive IC of the upper arm switch SWH. In this case, the upper arm switch SWH may be turned on unintentionally.
- An upper threshold Ith that is greater than the maximum positive value of the target current Itgt and a lower threshold -Ith that is less than the maximum negative value of the target current Itgt are set. If it is determined that the battery current Ibatt has exceeded the upper threshold Ith, or if it is determined that the battery current Ibatt has fallen below the lower threshold -Ith, it is determined that an abnormality in the heating control has occurred. On the other hand, if it is determined that the battery current Ibatt is equal to or less than the upper threshold Ith and equal to or greater than the lower threshold -Ith, it is determined that no abnormality in the heating control has occurred.
- An upper threshold IthH that is greater than the target current Itgt and varies along with the target current Itgt, and a lower threshold IthL that is less than the target current Itgt and varies along with the target current Itgt are set.
- the upper threshold IthH is set by adding a first predetermined value to the target current Itgt
- the lower threshold IthL is set by subtracting a second predetermined value from the target current Itgt.
- the first predetermined value and the second predetermined value may be the same value or different values.
- the battery current Ibatt exceeds the upper threshold IthH, or if it is determined that the battery current Ibatt falls below the lower threshold IthL, it is determined that an abnormality in the heating control has occurred. On the other hand, if it is determined that the battery current Ibatt is equal to or lower than the upper threshold IthH and equal to or higher than the lower threshold IthL, it is determined that no abnormality in the heating control has occurred.
- step S14 makes it possible to accurately determine that an abnormality has occurred in the temperature rise control.
- step S15 it is determined whether the battery detection temperature TBr has reached the target temperature TBtgt. If it is determined that the battery detection temperature TBr is less than the target temperature TBtgt, the process proceeds to step S13. On the other hand, if it is determined that the battery detection temperature TBr has reached the target temperature TBtgt, the switching control of the inverter 20 is stopped, and the temperature rise control is terminated.
- step S16 the switching control of the inverter 20 is stopped, and the temperature rise control is stopped.
- the motor ECU 100 that performs the temperature rise control determines whether or not there is an abnormality in the temperature rise control based on the detection values of the motor current sensor 84 and the capacitor voltage sensor 85. Therefore, if an abnormality occurs in the temperature rise control, the motor ECU 100 can quickly stop the switching control of the inverter 20.
- the motor ECU 100 determines whether or not there is an abnormality in the temperature rise control based on the battery current Ibatt.
- the high-frequency pulsating component contained in the motor current IN is absorbed by the neutral point capacitor 74. Therefore, the pulsating component contained in the battery current Ibatt is smaller than the pulsating component contained in the motor current IN. Therefore, the method of determining whether or not there is an abnormality in the temperature rise control based on the battery current Ibatt can improve the accuracy of determining whether or not there is an abnormality.
- the motor ECU 100 calculates the capacitor current Ic based on the time differential value of the capacitor voltage sensor 85. This makes it possible to grasp the capacitor current Ic without adding a current sensor that detects the current flowing through the neutral point capacitor 74.
- the power conversion device may be provided with a capacitor current sensor that detects the current flowing through the neutral point capacitor 74.
- the first current calculation unit 102 in the block diagram of Fig. 5 is not necessary, and the detection value of the capacitor current sensor may be used in the second current calculation unit 103 instead of the capacitor current Ic.
- the second embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings, focusing on the differences from the first embodiment.
- the motor current IN is used instead of the battery current Ibatt to determine whether there is an abnormality in the temperature rise control.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the procedure for temperature rise control. This process is executed by the motor ECU 100.
- step S17 the motor current IN is obtained.
- step S18 it is determined whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the temperature rise control based on the acquired motor current IN.
- the motor current IN can be used instead of the battery current Ibatt.
- an abnormality is determined for each unit battery constituting the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 based on the battery current Ibatt.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the procedure for temperature rise control. This process is executed by the motor ECU 100.
- step S10 If it is determined in step S10 that there is a temperature increase request, the process proceeds to step S20, where information is acquired from the battery ECU 90. More specifically, information on the open circuit voltage (OCV) of each unit battery constituting the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32, and the impedance (specifically, internal resistance) of each unit battery is acquired from the battery ECU 90.
- OCV open circuit voltage
- the impedance specifically, internal resistance
- step S12 After starting the temperature rise control in step S12, steps S17 and S18 are processed. If it is determined in step S18 that no abnormality has occurred in the temperature rise control, the process proceeds to step S13, where the battery current Ibatt is calculated.
- step S21 the terminal-to-terminal voltage (CCV) of each unit battery constituting the first storage battery 31 and the second storage battery 32 is calculated based on the calculated battery current Ibatt and the open circuit voltage and impedance obtained in step S20.
- step S22 if it is determined that any one of the calculated terminal voltages of each unit battery exceeds the upper limit voltage Vmax, it is determined that a voltage abnormality has occurred in the unit battery having a terminal voltage that exceeds the upper limit voltage Vmax (see FIG. 10). Also, if it is determined that any one of the calculated terminal voltages of each unit battery falls below the lower limit voltage Vmin, it is determined that a voltage abnormality has occurred in the unit battery having a terminal voltage that falls below the lower limit voltage Vmin.
- step S22 If it is determined in step S22 that no voltage abnormality has occurred, the process proceeds to step S15. On the other hand, if it is determined in step S22 that a voltage abnormality has occurred, the process proceeds to step S16, where the temperature rise control is stopped.
- step S18 the battery current Ibatt may be used instead of the motor current IN, as in the first embodiment.
- connection path 73 electrically connects the neutral point O of the armature winding 11 to the negative terminal of the first storage battery 31.
- bypass switch 61 connects the positive terminal of the second storage battery 32 to the high potential side path 22H.
- a first end of the neutral point capacitor 75 is connected to a portion of the connection path 73 between the first motor side switch 71 and the second motor side switch 72.
- a second end of the neutral point capacitor 75 is connected to the high potential side path 22H.
- Figure 12 shows the control state of each switch during temperature rise control.
- the motor ECU 100 turns on the low potential side main switch SMRL, the bypass switch 61, and each motor side switch 71, 72, and turns off the high potential side main switch SMRH, the pre-charge main switch SMRP, and the battery switch 50.
- Figure 13 is an equivalent circuit of the power conversion device during temperature rise control.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing the procedure for temperature rise control. This process is executed by the motor ECU 100.
- step S19 temperature rise control is started.
- the high potential side main switch SMRH, the precharge main switch SMRP and the inter-battery switch 50 are turned off, and the low potential side main switch SMRL, the bypass switch 61, the first motor side switch 71 and the second motor side switch 72 are turned on.
- step S19 the upper and lower arm switches SWH, SWL of the inverter 20 may be alternately switched on, or the lower arm switch SWL may be switched on while the upper arm switch SWH is kept off. In this case, switching may be performed for all three phases, only two of the three phases, or only one of the three phases. When switching two or more phases, for example, the timing of switching the lower arm switches SWL on and off may be synchronized for each phase.
- the path through which the current flows includes the first fuse 41, the bypass switch 61, the second fuse 42, the low potential side main switch SMRL, the low potential side path 22L, the inverter 20, the conductive member 23, the armature winding 11, the second motor side switch 72, the connection path 73, and the first motor side switch 71.
- an abnormality in the inverter 20 includes an unintended on of the lower arm switch SWL. An unintended on can occur, for example, due to a short circuit failure of the lower arm switch SWL.
- the lower arm switch SWL may be maintained on despite the desire to perform switching control of the lower arm switch SWL due to an abnormality in the motor ECU 100. In other words, the lower arm switch SWL may be unintentionally turned on.
- Abnormality in the signal path from the motor ECU 100 to the gate of the lower arm switch SWL Abnormalities in the signal path include, for example, an abnormality in the drive IC of the lower arm switch SWL. In this case, the lower arm switch SWL may be unintentionally turned on.
- steps S13 and S14 in FIG. 14 instead of the processing of steps S13 and S14 in FIG. 14, steps S17 and S18 in FIG. 9 may be executed, as in the second embodiment.
- the power conversion device shown in FIG. 15 is the power conversion device shown in FIG. 1 without the first and second motor side switches 71, 72.
- the power conversion device shown in FIG. 16 is the power conversion device shown in FIG. 11 without the first and second motor side switches 71, 72.
- the system does not need to be equipped with an EVECU 110.
- the motor ECU 100 and the battery ECU 90 can directly exchange information.
- the target current Itgt is not limited to a sinusoidal current, but may be, for example, a square wave current.
- the switches of the inverter 20 are not limited to IGBTs, but may be, for example, N-channel MOSFETs equipped with body diodes. In this case, the high-potential terminal of the N-channel MOSFET becomes the drain, and the low-potential terminal becomes the source.
- the motor is not limited to star-connected motors, and may be delta-connected motors.
- the motor and inverter are not limited to three-phase motors, and may be two-phase motors, or four or more phase motors.
- the motor is not limited to permanent magnet synchronous machines with a permanent magnet on the rotor as a field pole, and may be a wound field synchronous machine with a field winding on the rotor as a field pole. In this case, the rotor may be provided with both a field winding and a permanent magnet.
- the motor is not limited to synchronous machines, and may be an induction machine.
- the power storage unit to be charged by the external charger is not limited to a storage battery, but may be, for example, a large-capacity electric double-layer capacitor, or one that includes both a storage battery and an electric double-layer capacitor.
- the mobile body on which the power conversion device is mounted is not limited to a vehicle, but may be, for example, an aircraft or a ship. Furthermore, the power conversion device is not limited to being mounted on a mobile body, but may be mounted on a stationary device.
- control device and method described in the present disclosure may be realized by a dedicated computer provided by configuring a processor and memory programmed to execute one or more functions embodied in a computer program.
- control device and method described in the present disclosure may be realized by a dedicated computer provided by configuring a processor with one or more dedicated hardware logic circuits.
- control device and method described in the present disclosure may be realized by one or more dedicated computers configured by combining a processor and memory programmed to execute one or more functions with a processor configured with one or more hardware logic circuits.
- the computer program may be stored in a computer-readable non-transient tangible recording medium as instructions executed by the computer.
- a power conversion device comprising: a high potential side path (22H) electrically connecting a positive terminal of the first storage unit (31) and a high potential side terminal of the upper arm switch; a low potential side path (22L) electrically connecting a negative terminal of the second storage unit (32) and a low potential side terminal of the lower arm switch; an inter-storage unit switch (50) that, when turned on, electrically connects the negative electrode terminal of the first storage unit and the positive electrode terminal of the second storage unit, and, when turned off, electrically disconnects the negative electrode terminal of the first storage unit and the positive electrode terminal of the second storage unit; a bypass switch (60, 61) that electrically connect
- the bypass switch (60) is a switch that electrically connects a negative terminal of the first power storage unit and a negative terminal of the second power storage unit, the connection path is an electrical path that electrically connects the armature winding and a positive terminal of the second power storage unit, 2.
- the bypass switch (61) is a switch that electrically connects a positive terminal of the first power storage unit and a positive terminal of the second power storage unit, the connection path is an electrical path that electrically connects the armature winding and a negative electrode terminal of the first power storage unit, 2.
- the power conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the neutral capacitor (75) electrically connects the connection path and the high potential side path.
- the power conversion device according to configuration 2 or 3, wherein the control device determines that the abnormality has occurred based on a detection value of the current sensor and a capacitor current that is a current flowing through the neutral point capacitor.
- a voltage sensor (85) is provided to detect a voltage between the terminals of the neutral capacitor, A detection value of the voltage sensor is input to the control device, 5.
- the power conversion device according to configuration 4, wherein the control device calculates the capacitor current used for determining the abnormality based on a detection value of the current sensor and a time differential value of a detection value of the voltage sensor.
- the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit are battery packs including series-connected unit batteries
- the control device includes: calculating currents flowing through the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit based on the calculated capacitor current; calculating an inter-terminal voltage of each of the unit batteries constituting the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit based on impedance information of the unit batteries and the calculated currents flowing in the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit;
- the power conversion device according to configuration 5, wherein, when it is determined that any one of the calculated inter-terminal voltages of each of the unit batteries exceeds an upper limit voltage (Vmax) or falls below a lower limit voltage (Vmin), it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the unit battery having the inter-terminal voltage that exceeds the upper limit voltage or falls below the lower limit voltage.
- the control device includes: calculating a target current of an AC current to be supplied to the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit; as the temperature rise control, a control is performed to switch on and off at least one of the upper and lower arm switches so as to control a current flowing through the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit to the target current;
- the power conversion device according to any one of configurations 1 to 5, wherein when it is determined that the magnitude of the current flowing through the first storage unit and the second storage unit exceeds a threshold (Ith) that is greater than the maximum value of the target current, it is determined that the abnormality has occurred.
- the control device includes: calculating a target current of an AC current to be supplied to the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit; as the temperature rise control, a control is performed to switch on and off at least one of the upper and lower arm switches so as to control a current flowing through the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit to the target current; an upper limit threshold (IthH) that is greater than the target current and varies along with the target current, and a lower limit threshold (IthL) that is less than the target current and varies along with the target current;
- the power conversion device of any one of configurations 1 to 5, wherein when it is determined that the current flowing through the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit exceeds the upper limit threshold, or when it is determined that the current flowing through the first power storage unit and the second power storage unit falls below the lower limit threshold, it is determined that the abnormality has occurred.
- the power conversion device according to any one of configurations 1 to 8, wherein the control device stops switching of the inverter and stops the temperature rise
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Abstract
Description
前記上アームスイッチの低電位側端子及び前記下アームスイッチの高電位側端子に電気的に接続された電機子巻線を有するモータと、
を備える電力変換装置において、
第1蓄電部の正極端子と前記上アームスイッチの高電位側端子とを電気的に接続する高電位側経路と、
第2蓄電部の負極端子と前記下アームスイッチの低電位側端子とを電気的に接続する低電位側経路と、
オンされることにより前記第1蓄電部の負極端子と前記第2蓄電部の正極端子とを電気的に接続し、オフされることにより前記第1蓄電部の負極端子と前記第2蓄電部の正極端子との間を電気的に遮断する蓄電部間スイッチと、
前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部の負極端子同士の電気的な接続と、前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部の正極端子同士の電気的な接続とのうち、いずれか一方を行うバイパススイッチと、
前記第1蓄電部の負極端子又は前記第2蓄電部の正極端子と、前記電機子巻線とを電気的に接続する接続経路と、
前記接続経路に接続された中性点コンデンサと、
前記接続経路に流れる電流又は前記電機子巻線に流れる電流を検出する電流センサと、
前記電流センサの検出値が入力される制御装置と、
を備え、
前記制御装置は、
前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部にリプル電流を流すべく、前記バイパススイッチをオンするとともに前記蓄電部間スイッチをオフした状態で、前記上,下アームスイッチのうち少なくとも一方のスイッチをスイッチングする昇温制御を行い、
前記昇温制御の実行中において、前記電流センサの検出値に基づいて、前記昇温制御の異常が発生していることを判定する。
以下、本開示に係る電力変換装置を具体化した第1実施形態について、図面を参照しつつ説明する。本実施形態の電力変換装置は、電気自動車やハイブリッド車等の車両に搭載され、車載システムを構成する。
モータECU100の異常は、昇温制御の異常につながり得る。例えば、モータECU100の異常により、上アームスイッチSWHのスイッチングを行いたいにもかかわらず、上アームスイッチSWHがオンに維持され得る。つまり、上アームスイッチSWHの意図しないオンが発生し得る。
信号経路の異常は、昇温制御の異常につながり得る。信号経路の異常には、例えば、上アームスイッチSWHのドライブICの異常が含まれる。この場合、上アームスイッチSWHの意図しないオンが発生し得る。
中性点コンデンサ74に流れる電流を検出するコンデンサ電流センサが電力変換装置に備えられていてもよい。この場合、図5のブロック図において、第1電流算出部102は不要となり、第2電流算出部103において、コンデンサ電流Icに代えてコンデンサ電流センサの検出値が用いられればよい。
以下、第2実施形態について、第1実施形態との相違点を中心に図面を参照しつつ説明する。本実施形態では、昇温制御の異常判定に、電池電流Ibattに代えて、モータ電流INが用いられる。
以下、第3実施形態について、第1実施形態との相違点を中心に図面を参照しつつ説明する。本実施形態では、電池電流Ibattに基づいて、第1蓄電池31及び第2蓄電池32を構成する各単位電池の異常を判定する。
ステップS18において、モータ電流INに代えて、第1実施形態と同様に電池電流Ibattが用いられてもよい。
以下、第4実施形態について、第3実施形態との相違点を中心に図面を参照しつつ説明する。本実施形態では、図11に示すように、接続経路73は、電機子巻線11の中性点Oと、第1蓄電池31の負極端子とを電気的に接続する。また、バイパススイッチ61は、第2蓄電池32の正極端子と高電位側経路22Hとを接続する。中性点コンデンサ75の第1端は、接続経路73のうち、第1モータ側スイッチ71と第2モータ側スイッチ72との間の部分に接続されている。中性点コンデンサ75の第2端は、高電位側経路22Hに接続されている。
例えば、モータECU100の異常により、下アームスイッチSWLのスイッチング制御を行いたいにもかかわらず、下アームスイッチSWLがオンに維持され得る。つまり、下アームスイッチSWLの意図しないオンが発生し得る。
信号経路の異常には、例えば、下アームスイッチSWLのドライブICの異常が含まれる。この場合、下アームスイッチSWLの意図しないオンが発生し得る。
なお、上記各実施形態は、以下のように変更して実施してもよい。
[構成1]
上アームスイッチ(SWH)及び下アームスイッチ(SWL)を有するインバータ(20)と、
前記上アームスイッチの低電位側端子及び前記下アームスイッチの高電位側端子に電気的に接続された電機子巻線(11)を有するモータ(10)と、
を備える電力変換装置において、
第1蓄電部(31)の正極端子と前記上アームスイッチの高電位側端子とを電気的に接続する高電位側経路(22H)と、
第2蓄電部(32)の負極端子と前記下アームスイッチの低電位側端子とを電気的に接続する低電位側経路(22L)と、
オンされることにより前記第1蓄電部の負極端子と前記第2蓄電部の正極端子とを電気的に接続し、オフされることにより前記第1蓄電部の負極端子と前記第2蓄電部の正極端子との間を電気的に遮断する蓄電部間スイッチ(50)と、
前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部の負極端子同士の電気的な接続と、前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部の正極端子同士の電気的な接続とのうち、いずれか一方を行うバイパススイッチ(60,61)と、
前記第1蓄電部の負極端子又は前記第2蓄電部の正極端子と、前記電機子巻線とを電気的に接続する接続経路(73)と、
前記接続経路に接続された中性点コンデンサ(74,75)と、
前記接続経路に流れる電流又は前記電機子巻線に流れる電流を検出する電流センサ(84,83)と、
前記電流センサの検出値が入力される制御装置(100)と、
を備え、
前記制御装置は、
前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部にリプル電流を流すべく、前記バイパススイッチをオンするとともに前記蓄電部間スイッチをオフした状態で、前記上,下アームスイッチのうち少なくとも一方のスイッチをスイッチングする昇温制御を行い、
前記昇温制御の実行中において、前記電流センサの検出値に基づいて、前記昇温制御の異常が発生していることを判定する、電力変換装置。
[構成2]
前記バイパススイッチ(60)は、前記第1蓄電部の負極端子と前記第2蓄電部の負極端子とを電気的に接続するスイッチであり、
前記接続経路は、前記電機子巻線と、前記第2蓄電部の正極端子とを電気的に接続する電気経路であり、
前記中性点コンデンサ(74)は、前記接続経路と前記低電位側経路とを電気的に接続する、構成1に記載の電力変換装置。
[構成3]
前記バイパススイッチ(61)は、前記第1蓄電部の正極端子と前記第2蓄電部の正極端子とを電気的に接続するスイッチであり、
前記接続経路は、前記電機子巻線と、前記第1蓄電部の負極端子とを電気的に接続する電気経路であり、
前記中性点コンデンサ(75)は、前記接続経路と前記高電位側経路とを電気的に接続する、構成1に記載の電力変換装置。
[構成4]
前記制御装置は、前記電流センサの検出値と、前記中性点コンデンサに流れる電流であるコンデンサ電流とに基づいて、前記異常が発生していることを判定する、構成2又は3に記載の電力変換装置。
[構成5]
前記中性点コンデンサの端子間電圧を検出する電圧センサ(85)を備え、
前記電圧センサの検出値は、前記制御装置に入力され、
前記制御装置は、前記電流センサの検出値と、前記電圧センサの検出値の時間微分値とに基づいて、前記異常の判定に用いる前記コンデンサ電流を算出する、構成4に記載の電力変換装置。
[構成6]
前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部は、単位電池の直列接続体を備える組電池であり、
前記制御装置は、
算出した前記コンデンサ電流に基づいて、前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流れる電流を算出し、
前記単位電池のインピーダンス情報と、算出した前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流れる電流とに基づいて、前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部を構成する前記各単位電池の端子間電圧を算出し、
算出した前記各単位電池の端子間電圧のうちいずれか1つが上限電圧(Vmax)を超えた又は下限電圧(Vmin)を下回ったと判定した場合、前記上限電圧を超えた又は前記下限電圧を下回った端子間電圧を有する前記単位電池に異常が発生していると判定する、構成5に記載の電力変換装置。
[構成7]
前記制御装置は、
前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流す交流の目標電流を算出し、
前記昇温制御として、前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流れる電流を前記目標電流に制御すべく、前記上,下アームスイッチのうち少なくとも一方のスイッチをスイッチングする制御を行い、
前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流れる電流の大きさが、前記目標電流の大きさの最大値よりも大きい閾値(Ith)を超えたと判定した場合、前記異常が発生していると判定する、構成1~5のいずれか1つに記載の電力変換装置。
[構成8]
前記制御装置は、
前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流す交流の目標電流を算出し、
前記昇温制御として、前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流れる電流を前記目標電流に制御すべく、前記上,下アームスイッチのうち少なくとも一方のスイッチをスイッチングする制御を行い、
前記目標電流よりも大きくてかつ前記目標電流に沿って変化する上限閾値(IthH)、及び前記目標電流よりも小さくてかつ前記目標電流に沿って変化する下限閾値(IthL)を設定し、
前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流れる電流が前記上限閾値を超えた、又は前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流れる電流が前記下限閾値を下回ったと判定した場合、前記異常が発生していると判定する、構成1~5のいずれか1つに記載の電力変換装置。
[構成9]
前記制御装置は、前記異常が発生したと判定した場合、前記インバータのスイッチングを停止して前記昇温制御を停止する、構成1~8のいずれか1つに記載の電力変換装置。
Claims (10)
- 上アームスイッチ(SWH)及び下アームスイッチ(SWL)を有するインバータ(20)と、
前記上アームスイッチの低電位側端子及び前記下アームスイッチの高電位側端子に電気的に接続された電機子巻線(11)を有するモータ(10)と、
を備える電力変換装置において、
第1蓄電部(31)の正極端子と前記上アームスイッチの高電位側端子とを電気的に接続する高電位側経路(22H)と、
第2蓄電部(32)の負極端子と前記下アームスイッチの低電位側端子とを電気的に接続する低電位側経路(22L)と、
オンされることにより前記第1蓄電部の負極端子と前記第2蓄電部の正極端子とを電気的に接続し、オフされることにより前記第1蓄電部の負極端子と前記第2蓄電部の正極端子との間を電気的に遮断する蓄電部間スイッチ(50)と、
前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部の負極端子同士の電気的な接続と、前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部の正極端子同士の電気的な接続とのうち、いずれか一方を行うバイパススイッチ(60,61)と、
前記第1蓄電部の負極端子又は前記第2蓄電部の正極端子と、前記電機子巻線とを電気的に接続する接続経路(73)と、
前記接続経路に接続された中性点コンデンサ(74,75)と、
前記接続経路に流れる電流又は前記電機子巻線に流れる電流を検出する電流センサ(84,83)と、
前記電流センサの検出値が入力される制御装置(100)と、
を備え、
前記制御装置は、
前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部にリプル電流を流すべく、前記バイパススイッチをオンするとともに前記蓄電部間スイッチをオフした状態で、前記上,下アームスイッチのうち少なくとも一方のスイッチをスイッチングする昇温制御を行い、
前記昇温制御の実行中において、前記電流センサの検出値に基づいて、前記昇温制御の異常が発生していることを判定する、電力変換装置。 - 前記バイパススイッチ(60)は、前記第1蓄電部の負極端子と前記第2蓄電部の負極端子とを電気的に接続するスイッチであり、
前記接続経路は、前記電機子巻線と、前記第2蓄電部の正極端子とを電気的に接続する電気経路であり、
前記中性点コンデンサ(74)は、前記接続経路と前記低電位側経路とを電気的に接続する、請求項1に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記バイパススイッチ(61)は、前記第1蓄電部の正極端子と前記第2蓄電部の正極端子とを電気的に接続するスイッチであり、
前記接続経路は、前記電機子巻線と、前記第1蓄電部の負極端子とを電気的に接続する電気経路であり、
前記中性点コンデンサ(75)は、前記接続経路と前記高電位側経路とを電気的に接続する、請求項1に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記制御装置は、前記電流センサの検出値と、前記中性点コンデンサに流れる電流であるコンデンサ電流とに基づいて、前記異常が発生していることを判定する、請求項2又は3に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記中性点コンデンサの端子間電圧を検出する電圧センサ(85)を備え、
前記電圧センサの検出値は、前記制御装置に入力され、
前記制御装置は、前記電流センサの検出値と、前記電圧センサの検出値の時間微分値とに基づいて、前記異常の判定に用いる前記コンデンサ電流を算出する、請求項4に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部は、単位電池の直列接続体を備える組電池であり、
前記制御装置は、
算出した前記コンデンサ電流に基づいて、前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流れる電流を算出し、
前記単位電池のインピーダンス情報と、算出した前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流れる電流とに基づいて、前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部を構成する前記各単位電池の端子間電圧を算出し、
算出した前記各単位電池の端子間電圧のうちいずれか1つが上限電圧(Vmax)を超えた又は下限電圧(Vmin)を下回ったと判定した場合、前記上限電圧を超えた又は前記下限電圧を下回った端子間電圧を有する前記単位電池に異常が発生していると判定する、請求項5に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記制御装置は、
前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流す交流の目標電流を算出し、
前記昇温制御として、前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流れる電流を前記目標電流に制御すべく、前記上,下アームスイッチのうち少なくとも一方のスイッチをスイッチングする制御を行い、
前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流れる電流の大きさが、前記目標電流の大きさの最大値よりも大きい閾値(Ith)を超えたと判定した場合、前記異常が発生していると判定する、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記制御装置は、
前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流す交流の目標電流を算出し、
前記昇温制御として、前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流れる電流を前記目標電流に制御すべく、前記上,下アームスイッチのうち少なくとも一方のスイッチをスイッチングする制御を行い、
前記目標電流よりも大きくてかつ前記目標電流に沿って変化する上限閾値(IthH)、及び前記目標電流よりも小さくてかつ前記目標電流に沿って変化する下限閾値(IthL)を設定し、
前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流れる電流が前記上限閾値を超えた、又は前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部に流れる電流が前記下限閾値を下回ったと判定した場合、前記異常が発生していると判定する、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記制御装置は、前記異常が発生したと判定した場合、前記インバータのスイッチングを停止して前記昇温制御を停止する、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の電力変換装置。
- 上アームスイッチ(SWH)及び下アームスイッチ(SWL)を有するインバータ(20)と、
前記上アームスイッチの低電位側端子及び前記下アームスイッチの高電位側端子に電気的に接続された電機子巻線(11)を有するモータ(10)と、
を備える電力変換装置に適用されるプログラムにおいて、
前記電力変換装置は、
第1蓄電部(31)の正極端子と前記上アームスイッチの高電位側端子とを電気的に接続する高電位側経路(22H)と、
第2蓄電部(32)の負極端子と前記下アームスイッチの低電位側端子とを電気的に接続する低電位側経路(22L)と、
オンされることにより前記第1蓄電部の負極端子と前記第2蓄電部の正極端子とを電気的に接続し、オフされることにより前記第1蓄電部の負極端子と前記第2蓄電部の正極端子との間を電気的に遮断する蓄電部間スイッチ(50)と、
前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部の負極端子同士の電気的な接続と、前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部の正極端子同士の電気的な接続とのうち、いずれか一方を行うバイパススイッチ(60,61)と、
前記第1蓄電部の負極端子又は前記第2蓄電部の正極端子と、前記電機子巻線とを電気的に接続する接続経路(73)と、
前記接続経路に接続された中性点コンデンサ(74)と、
前記接続経路に流れる電流又は前記電機子巻線に流れる電流を検出する電流センサ(84,83)と、
前記電流センサの検出値が入力されるコンピュータ(101)と、
を備え、
前記コンピュータに、
前記第1蓄電部及び前記第2蓄電部にリプル電流を流すべく、前記バイパススイッチをオンするとともに前記蓄電部間スイッチをオフした状態で、前記上,下アームスイッチのうち少なくとも一方のスイッチをスイッチングする昇温制御を行う処理と、
前記昇温制御の実行中において、前記電流センサの検出値に基づいて、前記昇温制御の異常が発生していることを判定する処理と、
を実行させる、プログラム。
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| JP2011018532A (ja) | 2009-07-08 | 2011-01-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | 二次電池の温度推定装置 |
| JP2013187919A (ja) * | 2012-03-05 | 2013-09-19 | Nippon Soken Inc | 電力変換装置 |
| CN216033900U (zh) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-03-15 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 能量转换装置及车辆 |
| JP2022187416A (ja) * | 2021-06-07 | 2022-12-19 | 株式会社デンソー | 電力変換装置 |
| JP2023023568A (ja) * | 2021-08-05 | 2023-02-16 | 株式会社デンソー | 電力変換装置 |
| JP2023094073A (ja) | 2021-12-23 | 2023-07-05 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | ニューラルネットワーク最適化方法、プログラム、および機械学習装置 |
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- 2024-05-10 JP JP2025526002A patent/JPWO2024252847A1/ja active Pending
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011018532A (ja) | 2009-07-08 | 2011-01-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | 二次電池の温度推定装置 |
| JP2013187919A (ja) * | 2012-03-05 | 2013-09-19 | Nippon Soken Inc | 電力変換装置 |
| JP2022187416A (ja) * | 2021-06-07 | 2022-12-19 | 株式会社デンソー | 電力変換装置 |
| CN216033900U (zh) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-03-15 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 能量转换装置及车辆 |
| JP2023023568A (ja) * | 2021-08-05 | 2023-02-16 | 株式会社デンソー | 電力変換装置 |
| JP2023094073A (ja) | 2021-12-23 | 2023-07-05 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | ニューラルネットワーク最適化方法、プログラム、および機械学習装置 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN121312056A (zh) | 2026-01-09 |
| EP4727005A1 (en) | 2026-04-15 |
| US20260091686A1 (en) | 2026-04-02 |
| JPWO2024252847A1 (ja) | 2024-12-12 |
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