WO2024244960A1 - Flue gas waste heat coupled condensation water-return heating system - Google Patents

Flue gas waste heat coupled condensation water-return heating system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024244960A1
WO2024244960A1 PCT/CN2024/092983 CN2024092983W WO2024244960A1 WO 2024244960 A1 WO2024244960 A1 WO 2024244960A1 CN 2024092983 W CN2024092983 W CN 2024092983W WO 2024244960 A1 WO2024244960 A1 WO 2024244960A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
temperature
low
flue gas
heat exchanger
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PCT/CN2024/092983
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
龙吉生
乔旭
李建平
黄立成
钱达蔚
严浩文
郝章峰
张坡
王鹏
杨灿
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上海康恒环境股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2024244960A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024244960A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/006—Layout of treatment plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
    • F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
    • F22D11/06—Arrangements of feed-water pumps for returning condensate to boiler
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of garbage incineration, and in particular relates to a flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system.
  • the exhaust temperature of the tail of the waste incineration boiler system is usually around 150°C, and the exhaust temperature of the SCR (selective catalytic reduction technology) system is as high as 180°C or more. Excessive exhaust temperature directly causes considerable energy in the flue gas to be discharged directly into the atmosphere without being utilized. Therefore, from the perspectives of energy conservation and emission reduction and economy, further reducing the exhaust temperature has become an inevitable choice for the development of energy conservation and emission reduction technology for power station boilers.
  • the low-temperature economizer system can recover flue gas waste heat, improve the economy of unit operation, and has significant economic benefits.
  • the existing scheme is to directly lead the condensate to the low-temperature economizer, exchange heat with the flue gas, and then return to the condensate system.
  • the fluctuation of the amount of garbage and calorific value causes the turbine load to change, resulting in changes in the extraction parameters of the low-pressure heater, and then the temperature of the heated condensate fluctuates greatly.
  • the condensate temperature sent to the low-temperature economizer is low, which is easy to cause low-temperature corrosion of the low-temperature economizer, and it is difficult to ensure long-term stable operation.
  • the low exhaust temperature will cause strong corrosion to the chimney and pipeline, which brings difficulties to the comprehensive utilization of flue gas waste heat.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a flue gas waste heat coupled condensate return water heating system, which can effectively overcome the influence of condensate water parameter fluctuations and ensure that low-temperature economizers do not suffer from low-temperature corrosion.
  • the present invention provides a flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system, including a boiler, a dust collector, a flue gas-steam heat exchanger, an SCR denitrification device, a low-temperature economizer, an induced draft fan, a steam turbine, a condenser, a low-pressure heater, a water-to-water heat exchanger, a deaerator, a boiler feed water pump and a circulating water pump;
  • the flue gas outlet of the boiler is sequentially connected to the dust collector, the flue gas-steam heat exchanger, the SCR denitration equipment and the flue gas pipeline in the induced draft fan, the drum outlet of the boiler is connected to the steam inlet of the steam turbine, and the steam outlet of the steam turbine is sequentially connected to the condenser, the low-pressure heater and the condensate channel of the water-to-water heat exchanger;
  • the first inlet of the deaerator is connected to the condensate outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger, the second inlet is connected to the circulating water outlet of the low-temperature economizer, the first outlet is connected to the water inlet of the boiler, and the second outlet is connected to the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer through the circulating water channel of the water-to-water heat exchanger.
  • the second inlet of the deaerator is connected to one end of the first circulation return water mother pipe
  • the circulating water outlet of the low-temperature economizer is connected to one end of the first branch pipe
  • the second circulation return water mother pipe between the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer and the circulating water outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger is connected to one end of the second branch pipe
  • the other end of the second branch pipe is respectively connected to the other end of the first branch pipe and the other end of the first circulation return water mother pipe;
  • the first circulating water return main pipe is connected in series with a circulating water return main pipe electric regulating valve
  • the second branch pipe is connected in series with a low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve.
  • the above flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system also includes a first temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor for measuring the water temperature and water pressure of the first circulating return water main pipe, and a second temperature sensor for measuring the water temperature of the first branch pipe;
  • the low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve is used to control the opening according to the value of the first temperature sensor, and the circulating return water main pipe electric regulating valve is used to control the opening according to the values of the second temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor.
  • a third branch pipe is arranged between the circulating water inlet and the circulating water outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger, and a water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve is connected in series to the third branch pipe.
  • the above-mentioned flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system also includes a third temperature sensor for measuring the water temperature of the second circulating return water main pipe between the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer and the circulating water outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger, and the water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve is used to control the opening according to the value of the third temperature sensor.
  • a boiler feed water pump is connected in series between the first outlet of the deaerator and the water inlet of the boiler.
  • a circulating water pump is provided between the second outlet of the deaerator and the circulating water inlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger.
  • a fourth temperature sensor is provided between the flue gas outlet of the low-temperature economizer and the induced draft fan for monitoring the flue gas temperature
  • the circulating water pump is used to control the power of the circulating water pump according to the value of the fourth temperature sensor.
  • the water-to-water heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.
  • the low-temperature economizer is a double H-type fin-tube economizer.
  • the present invention provides a flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system, which has the following beneficial effects:
  • waste incineration flue gas emission system includes boilers, dust collectors, flue gas-steam heat exchangers, SCR denitrification equipment, low-temperature economizers and induced draft fans along the flue gas process.
  • the condensate heating system includes steam turbines, condensers, low-pressure heaters, water-to-water heat exchangers, deaerators and boiler feed water pumps along the steam-water process.
  • the closed circulating water system includes deaerators, circulating water pumps, water-to-water heat exchangers and low-temperature economizers along the water process connected in sequence through circulating water pipes.
  • circulating water is introduced from the low-pressure feed water of the deaerator to the water-to-water heat exchanger to heat the low-pressure feed water from the deaerator.
  • the condensate at the outlet of the warm heater is sent to the low-temperature economizer after cooling, and returns to the deaerator after heat exchange with the flue gas, forming an independent closed circulating water system.
  • the constant water temperature at the outlet of the deaerator can effectively overcome the influence of the fluctuation of condensate parameters under different working conditions, ensuring that the low-temperature economizer does not suffer from low-temperature corrosion.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the core of the present invention is to provide a flue gas waste heat coupled condensate return water heating system, which can effectively overcome the influence of condensate water parameter fluctuations and ensure that the low-temperature economizer does not suffer from low-temperature corrosion.
  • the present invention provides a flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system, including: a boiler 1, a dust collector 2, a flue gas-steam heat exchanger 3, an SCR denitrification equipment 4, a low-temperature economizer 5, an induced draft fan 6, a steam turbine 7, a condenser 8, a low-pressure heater 9, a water-to-water heat exchanger 10, a deaerator 11, a boiler feed water pump 12 and a circulating water pump 13.
  • a flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system including: a boiler 1, a dust collector 2, a flue gas-steam heat exchanger 3, an SCR denitrification equipment 4, a low-temperature economizer 5, an induced draft fan 6, a steam turbine 7, a condenser 8, a low-pressure heater 9, a water-to-water heat exchanger 10, a deaerator 11, a boiler feed water pump 12 and a circulating water pump 13.
  • the flue gas outlet of the boiler 1 is connected to the flue gas pipeline in the dust collector 2, the flue gas-steam heat exchanger 3, the SCR denitrification equipment 4 and the induced draft fan 6 in sequence, the drum outlet of the boiler 1 is connected to the steam inlet of the steam turbine 7, and the steam outlet of the steam turbine 7 is connected to the condenser 8, the low-pressure heater 9 and the condensate channel of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10 in sequence;
  • the first inlet of the deaerator 11 is connected to the condensate outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10, the second inlet is connected to the circulating water outlet of the low-temperature economizer 5, the first outlet is connected to the water inlet of the boiler 1, and the second outlet is connected to the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer 5 through the circulating water channel of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10.
  • the deaerator 11 uses the thermal deoxidation principle and adopts a medium-pressure rotary film structure.
  • the condensate is heated by extracting steam from the steam turbine 7 to provide the condensate temperature and deoxidation, and then sent to the boiler 1.
  • the outlet water temperature of the deaerator 11 is usually designed to be a conventional parameter (such as 130°C/150°C).
  • the working pressure of the deaerator 11 of the waste incineration plant is constant, and the feed water temperature is also a constant value, which does not fluctuate with load changes.
  • a low-pressure feed water from the deaerator 11 is drawn as circulating water and sent to the water-to-water heat exchanger 10.
  • the SCR denitration device 4 is a device that performs denitration by using a selective catalytic reduction method.
  • the flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system provided in this scheme can be specifically divided into a waste incineration flue gas emission system, a condensate heating system and a closed circulating water system according to the circulation of different media.
  • the waste incineration flue gas emission system includes a boiler 1, a dust collector 2, a flue gas-steam heat exchanger 3, an SCR denitrification device 4, a low-temperature economizer 5 and an induced draft fan 6 connected in sequence through the flue along the flue gas process.
  • the condensate heating system includes a steam turbine 7, a condenser 8, a low-pressure heater 9, a water-to-water heat exchanger 10, a deaerator 11 and a boiler feed water pump 12 along the steam-water process.
  • the closed circulating water system includes a deaerator 11, a circulating water pump 13, a water-to-water heat exchanger 10 and a low-temperature economizer 5 connected in sequence through a circulating water pipe along the water process
  • circulating water is introduced from the low-pressure water supply of the deaerator 11 to the water-to-water heat exchanger 10 to heat the condensed water from the outlet of the low-temperature heater.
  • the cooled circulating water is sent to the low-temperature economizer 5, and returns to the deaerator 11 after heat exchange with the flue gas, forming an independent closed circulating water system.
  • the second inlet of the deaerator 11 is connected to one end of the first circulating water return pipe
  • the circulating water outlet of the low-temperature economizer 5 is connected to one end of the first branch pipe
  • the second circulating water return pipe between the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer 5 and the circulating water outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10 is connected to one end of the second branch pipe
  • the other end of the second branch pipe is respectively connected to the other end of the first branch pipe and the other end of the first circulating water return pipe.
  • the first circulation return water main pipe is connected in series with a circulation return water main pipe electric regulating valve 16, which is used to control the valve opening on the first circulation return water main pipe.
  • the second branch pipe is connected in series with a low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve 15.
  • the low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve 15 is used to control the valve opening of the second branch pipe.
  • the present invention also includes a first temperature sensor T1 and a first pressure sensor P1 for measuring the water temperature and water pressure of the first circulating water return pipe, and a second temperature sensor T2 for measuring the water temperature of the first branch pipe.
  • the low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve 15 is used to control the opening according to the value of the first temperature sensor T1
  • the circulating return pipe electric regulating valve 16 is used to control the opening according to the values of the second temperature sensor T2 and the first pressure sensor P1.
  • the low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve 15 is opened to make the temperature value of the first temperature sensor T1 lower than the first preset value.
  • the valve opening of the circulating return water main pipe electric regulating valve 16 is reduced so that the pressure value of the first pressure sensor P1 is not lower than the third preset value.
  • a third branch pipe is provided between the circulating water inlet and the circulating water outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10, and the third branch pipe is serially connected with a water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve 14.
  • the water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve 14 is used to control the valve opening of the third branch pipe.
  • This case also includes a third temperature sensor T3 for measuring the water temperature of the second circulating return water main pipe between the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer 5 and the circulating water outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10.
  • the water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve 14 is used to control the opening according to the value of the third temperature sensor T3.
  • the water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve 14 is opened to ensure that the temperature value of the third temperature sensor T3 is not lower than the fourth preset value.
  • a boiler feed water pump 12 is connected in series between the first outlet of the deaerator 11 and the water inlet of the boiler 1 .
  • a circulating water pump 13 is provided between the second outlet of the deaerator 11 and the circulating water inlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10.
  • the circulating water pump 13 is a variable frequency pump.
  • a fourth temperature sensor T4 is provided between the flue gas outlet of the low-temperature economizer 5 and the induced draft fan 6 for monitoring the flue gas temperature.
  • the circulating water pump 13 is used to control the power of the circulating water pump 13 according to the value of the fourth temperature sensor T4.
  • the power of the circulating water pump 13 is increased, the circulating water flow rate is increased, and the exhaust gas temperature is increased to be above the fifth preset value.
  • first preset value, the second preset value, the third preset value, the fourth preset value and the fifth preset value can be adaptively selected according to actual needs, and will not be elaborated here.
  • the above arrangement can comprehensively utilize the flue gas waste heat recovered by the low-temperature economizer 5, achieve system stability under different working conditions, overcome the influence of fluctuations in different condensate parameters, and accurately and flexibly adjust system performance parameters.
  • the water-to-water heat exchanger 10 is a plate-type heat exchanger with high heat exchange efficiency and small equipment size.
  • the low-pressure feed water of the deaerator 11 is sent to the water-to-water heat exchanger 10 through the circulating water pump 13, which serves as the hot end of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10.
  • the cold end of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10 comes from the condensed water at the outlet of the low-pressure heater 9.
  • the heated condensed water is returned to the deaerator 11, reducing the heating steam extraction amount of the deaerator 11 and improving the power generation efficiency.
  • the condensed circulating water is sent to the low-temperature economizer 5.
  • the low-temperature economizer 5 is a double H-type finned tube economizer made of ND steel, with low equipment investment cost, large pitch, and not easy to block ash.
  • This equipment is arranged between the SCR denitrification equipment 4 and the induced draft fan 6, and the inlet flue gas temperature is constant at 180°C.
  • the inlet circulating water temperature of the low-temperature economizer 5 is required to be not less than 100°C, and the outlet flue gas temperature is required to be not less than 120°C. If it is lower than this value, the low-temperature economizer 5 has a lot of The high risk of low-temperature corrosion will cause equipment damage and be unfavorable for long-term operation.
  • the circulating water outlet of the low-temperature economizer 5 is sent to the deaerator 11.
  • the temperature of the circulating water main pipe shall not exceed the saturation temperature under the working pressure of the deaerator 11, in order to prevent the deaerator 11 from boiling due to excessive temperature and affect the operation of the equipment.
  • the main steam parameter of waste heat boiler 1 is 6.4MPa/450°C
  • the low-pressure feed water temperature of deaerator 11 is 130°C under design load
  • the flue gas temperature at the outlet of SCR denitration equipment 4 is 180°C
  • the flue gas volume is 113000Nm3 /h
  • the condensate temperature at the outlet of low-pressure heater 9 is 82°C
  • the condensate volume is 45t/h.
  • the flue gas waste heat recovery system is a closed-loop circulating water system.
  • the low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve 15 is interlocked with the first temperature sensor T1 of the first circulating water return main pipe
  • the circulating water return main pipe electric regulating valve 16 is interlocked with the second temperature sensor T2 on the first branch pipe at the circulating water outlet of the low-temperature economizer 5 and the first pressure sensor P1 on the first circulating water return main pipe
  • the water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve 14 is interlocked with the third temperature sensor T3 on the second circulating water return main pipe at the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer 5, and the circulating water pump 13 is interlocked with the fourth temperature sensor T4.
  • the first step is to monitor the temperature of the first temperature sensor T1.
  • the low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve 15 is opened to control the temperature value of the first temperature sensor T1 within 130°C.
  • the temperature of the second temperature sensor T2 When the temperature value of the second temperature sensor T2 exceeds 150°C, reduce the opening of the circulating water main pipe electric regulating valve 16 so that the pressure value of the first pressure sensor P1 is not less than 0.6MPa.
  • the second step is to monitor the water temperature at the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer 5 (i.e., the temperature value of the third temperature sensor T3).
  • the temperature value of the third temperature sensor T3 is lower than 100°C
  • the water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve 14 is opened to ensure that the temperature value of the third temperature sensor T3 is not lower than 100°C.
  • the third step is to monitor the exhaust gas temperature value of the fourth temperature sensor T4. When the exhaust gas temperature is lower than 120°C, increase the power of the circulating water pump 13, increase the circulating water flow rate, and increase the exhaust gas temperature above 120°C.
  • the condensate system is heated by flue gas waste heat.
  • the flow rate of circulating water pump 13 is 64t/h
  • the circulating water outlet temperature of water-to-water heat exchanger 10 is 100°C
  • the condensate outlet temperature is 124°C.
  • the circulating water inlet temperature of low-temperature economizer 5 is 100°C.
  • the circulating water temperature rises to 129°C and returns to the deoxidation system.
  • the exhaust gas temperature was reduced to 130°C and the power generation efficiency of the whole plant was increased by 1%.
  • the present invention provides a flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system, which has at least the following beneficial effects or advantages:
  • This case is a closed circulating water system.
  • the circulating water is a fully closed internal circulation, which avoids water pollution, reduces scaling and corrosion of heat exchange equipment, and improves the heat transfer efficiency and life of heat exchange equipment.
  • the circulating water is used as the intermediate medium, and the low-temperature economizer 5 is used to recover the flue gas waste heat to directly heat the condensate.
  • it can be switched with the conventional thermal system. When the system is shut down for maintenance, it will not affect the stable operation of the thermal system.
  • the outlet water temperature of the deaerator 11 is constant.
  • the outlet water temperature can be easily controlled under variable operating conditions, overcoming the influence of parameter fluctuations under different operating conditions and ensuring that the low-temperature economizer 5 does not suffer from low-temperature corrosion.
  • the waste heat recovery system is equipped with a control system for precise adjustment of the exhaust temperature to reduce the exhaust temperature, improve the power generation efficiency of the entire plant, and achieve deep energy conservation, emission reduction and carbon reduction.
  • the visual white smoke is adjusted by changing the exhaust temperature of the chimney of boiler 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

Provided in the present invention is a flue gas waste heat coupled condensation water-return heating system. The heating system can be divided into a garbage incineration flue gas emission system, a condensed water heating system and a closed circulating water system according to the circulation of different media. A boiler, a dust collector, a flue gas–steam heat exchanger, an SCR denitrification apparatus, a low-temperature economizer and an induced draft fan are sequentially connected by means of a flue. A steam turbine, a condenser, a low-pressure heater, a water-water heat exchanger, a deaerator and a boiler water-supply pump are sequentially connected by means of a condensed water channel. The deaerator, a circulating water pump, the water-water heat exchanger and the low-temperature economizer are sequentially connected by means of a circulating water pipe. A path of circulating water is led from low-pressure water supply of the deaerator to the water-water heat exchanger so as to heat condensed water from an outlet of the low-temperature heater; and cooled circulating water is fed to the low-temperature economizer, and returns to the deaerator again after being subjected to heat exchange with flue gas, thereby forming an independent closed circulating water system. By utilizing the characteristic of the constant water temperature of the outlet of the deaerator, the influence of parameter fluctuation of the condensed water can be effectively overcome, thereby ensuring that the low-temperature economizer has no low-temperature corrosion.

Description

一种烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统A flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system

本发明要求于2023年05月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为202310634633.7、发明名称为“一种烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本发明中。The present invention claims the priority of the Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office on May 31, 2023, with application number 202310634633.7 and invention name “A Flue Gas Waste Heat Coupled Condensation Return Water Heating System”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into the present invention.

技术领域Technical Field

本发明属于垃圾焚烧技术领域，特别涉及一种烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage incineration, and in particular relates to a flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system.

背景技术Background Art

垃圾焚烧锅炉系统的尾部排烟温度通常在150℃左右，设置SCR(选择性催化还原技术)系统排烟温度高达180℃以上。排烟温度过高直接导致烟气中相当可观的能量未经利用就直接排向大气。因此，从节能减排和经济性两方面考虑，进一步降低排烟温度已成为目前电站锅炉发展节能减排技术的必然选择。The exhaust temperature of the tail of the waste incineration boiler system is usually around 150℃, and the exhaust temperature of the SCR (selective catalytic reduction technology) system is as high as 180℃ or more. Excessive exhaust temperature directly causes considerable energy in the flue gas to be discharged directly into the atmosphere without being utilized. Therefore, from the perspectives of energy conservation and emission reduction and economy, further reducing the exhaust temperature has become an inevitable choice for the development of energy conservation and emission reduction technology for power station boilers.

目前，低温省煤器系统能够回收烟气余热，提高机组运行的经济性，具有显著的经济效益。现有较多的方案是通过从凝结水直接引一路去低温省煤器，与烟气换热后再回到凝结水系统。在垃圾焚烧厂中，由于垃圾量和热值的波动使得汽机负荷发生变化，导致低压加热器的抽汽参数变化，进而加热的凝结水温度波动很大。若直接利用凝结水进入低温省煤器回收烟气余热，当汽机负荷低时送至低温省煤器的凝结水温偏低，容易导致低温省煤器的低温腐蚀，很难保证长周期的稳定运行，而且排烟温度过低对烟囱和管道产生强烈的腐蚀，这为烟气余热的综合利用带来了困难。At present, the low-temperature economizer system can recover flue gas waste heat, improve the economy of unit operation, and has significant economic benefits. The existing scheme is to directly lead the condensate to the low-temperature economizer, exchange heat with the flue gas, and then return to the condensate system. In the waste incineration plant, the fluctuation of the amount of garbage and calorific value causes the turbine load to change, resulting in changes in the extraction parameters of the low-pressure heater, and then the temperature of the heated condensate fluctuates greatly. If the condensate is directly used to enter the low-temperature economizer to recover the flue gas waste heat, when the steam turbine load is low, the condensate temperature sent to the low-temperature economizer is low, which is easy to cause low-temperature corrosion of the low-temperature economizer, and it is difficult to ensure long-term stable operation. In addition, the low exhaust temperature will cause strong corrosion to the chimney and pipeline, which brings difficulties to the comprehensive utilization of flue gas waste heat.

因此，如何克服凝结水参数波动的影响，确保低温省煤器不发生低温腐蚀，是本领域技术人员亟待解决的问题。 Therefore, how to overcome the influence of condensate parameter fluctuations and ensure that low-temperature economizers do not suffer from low-temperature corrosion is an urgent problem to be solved by technical personnel in this field.

发明内容Summary of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统，可有效克服凝结水参数波动的影响，确保低温省煤器不发生低温腐蚀。The object of the present invention is to provide a flue gas waste heat coupled condensate return water heating system, which can effectively overcome the influence of condensate water parameter fluctuations and ensure that low-temperature economizers do not suffer from low-temperature corrosion.

为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统，包括锅炉、除尘器、烟气-蒸汽换热器、SCR脱硝设备、低温省煤器、引风机、汽轮机、凝汽器、低压加热器、水水换热器、除氧器、锅炉给水泵以及循环水泵；In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system, including a boiler, a dust collector, a flue gas-steam heat exchanger, an SCR denitrification device, a low-temperature economizer, an induced draft fan, a steam turbine, a condenser, a low-pressure heater, a water-to-water heat exchanger, a deaerator, a boiler feed water pump and a circulating water pump;

其中，所述锅炉的烟气出口依次与所述除尘器、所述烟气-蒸汽换热器、所述SCR脱硝设备和所述引风机中的烟气管道连通，所述锅炉的汽包出口与所述汽轮机的蒸汽入口连通，所述汽轮机的蒸汽出口依次与所述凝汽器、所述低压加热器和所述水水换热器的凝结水通道连通；The flue gas outlet of the boiler is sequentially connected to the dust collector, the flue gas-steam heat exchanger, the SCR denitration equipment and the flue gas pipeline in the induced draft fan, the drum outlet of the boiler is connected to the steam inlet of the steam turbine, and the steam outlet of the steam turbine is sequentially connected to the condenser, the low-pressure heater and the condensate channel of the water-to-water heat exchanger;

所述除氧器的第一入口与所述水水换热器的凝结水出口连通、第二入口与所述低温省煤器的循环水出口连通、第一出口与所述锅炉的进水口连通、第二出口通过所述水水换热器的循环水通道与所述低温省煤器的循环水入口连通。The first inlet of the deaerator is connected to the condensate outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger, the second inlet is connected to the circulating water outlet of the low-temperature economizer, the first outlet is connected to the water inlet of the boiler, and the second outlet is connected to the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer through the circulating water channel of the water-to-water heat exchanger.

可选的，在上述烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统中，所述除氧器的第二入口与第一循环回水母管的一端连接，所述低温省煤器的循环水出口与第一支管的一端连接，所述低温省煤器的循环水入口和所述水水换热器的循环水出口之间的第二循环回水母管上与第二支管的一端连接，所述第二支管的另一端分别与所述第一支管的另一端、所述第一循环回水母管的另一端连接；Optionally, in the above-mentioned flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system, the second inlet of the deaerator is connected to one end of the first circulation return water mother pipe, the circulating water outlet of the low-temperature economizer is connected to one end of the first branch pipe, the second circulation return water mother pipe between the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer and the circulating water outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger is connected to one end of the second branch pipe, and the other end of the second branch pipe is respectively connected to the other end of the first branch pipe and the other end of the first circulation return water mother pipe;

所述第一循环回水母管上串联有循环回水母管电动调阀，所述第二支管上串联有低温省煤器旁路电动调阀。The first circulating water return main pipe is connected in series with a circulating water return main pipe electric regulating valve, and the second branch pipe is connected in series with a low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve.

可选的，在上述烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统中，还包括用于测量所述第一循环回水母管的水温和水压的第一温度传感器和第一压力传感器，以及，用于测量所述第一支管的水温的第二温度传感器；Optionally, in the above flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system, it also includes a first temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor for measuring the water temperature and water pressure of the first circulating return water main pipe, and a second temperature sensor for measuring the water temperature of the first branch pipe;

所述低温省煤器旁路电动调阀用于根据所述第一温度传感器的数值来控制开度，所述循环回水母管电动调阀用于根据所述第二温度传感器和所述第一压力传感器的数值来控制开度。 The low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve is used to control the opening according to the value of the first temperature sensor, and the circulating return water main pipe electric regulating valve is used to control the opening according to the values of the second temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor.

可选的，在上述烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统中，所述水水换热器的循环水入口和循环水出口之间设置第三支管，所述第三支管上串联有水水换热器旁路电动调阀。Optionally, in the above flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system, a third branch pipe is arranged between the circulating water inlet and the circulating water outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger, and a water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve is connected in series to the third branch pipe.

可选的，在上述烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统中，还包括用于测量所述低温省煤器的循环水入口和所述水水换热器的循环水出口之间第二循环回水母管的水温的第三温度传感器，所述水水换热器旁路电动调阀用于根据所述第三温度传感器的数值来控制开度。Optionally, the above-mentioned flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system also includes a third temperature sensor for measuring the water temperature of the second circulating return water main pipe between the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer and the circulating water outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger, and the water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve is used to control the opening according to the value of the third temperature sensor.

可选的，在上述烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统中，所述除氧器的第一出口和所述锅炉的进水口之间串联有锅炉给水泵。Optionally, in the above flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system, a boiler feed water pump is connected in series between the first outlet of the deaerator and the water inlet of the boiler.

可选的，在上述烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统中，所述除氧器的第二出口和所述水水换热器的循环水入口之间设置有循环水泵。Optionally, in the above flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system, a circulating water pump is provided between the second outlet of the deaerator and the circulating water inlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger.

可选的，在上述烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统中，所述低温省煤器的烟气出口和所述引风机之间设置有第四温度传感器，用于监测烟温；Optionally, in the above flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system, a fourth temperature sensor is provided between the flue gas outlet of the low-temperature economizer and the induced draft fan for monitoring the flue gas temperature;

所述循环水泵用于根据所述第四温度传感器的数值控制所述循环水泵的功率。The circulating water pump is used to control the power of the circulating water pump according to the value of the fourth temperature sensor.

可选的，在上述烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统中，所述水水换热器为板式换热器。Optionally, in the above-mentioned flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system, the water-to-water heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.

可选的，在上述烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统中，所述低温省煤器为双H型翅片管式省煤器。Optionally, in the above-mentioned flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system, the low-temperature economizer is a double H-type fin-tube economizer.

本发明提供了一种烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统，其有益效果在于：The present invention provides a flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system, which has the following beneficial effects:

根据不同介质的流通，具体可分为垃圾焚烧烟气排放系统、凝结水加热系统和闭式循环水系统。垃圾焚烧烟气排放系统沿烟气流程依次包括通过烟道依次连接的锅炉、除尘器、烟气-蒸汽换热器、SCR脱硝设备、低温省煤器和引风机。凝结水加热系统沿汽水流程包括汽轮机、凝汽器、低压加热器、水水换热器、除氧器和锅炉给水泵。闭式循环水系统沿水流程包括通过循环水管依次连接的除氧器、循环水泵、水水换热器和低温省煤器。According to the circulation of different media, it can be specifically divided into waste incineration flue gas emission system, condensate heating system and closed circulating water system. The waste incineration flue gas emission system includes boilers, dust collectors, flue gas-steam heat exchangers, SCR denitrification equipment, low-temperature economizers and induced draft fans along the flue gas process. The condensate heating system includes steam turbines, condensers, low-pressure heaters, water-to-water heat exchangers, deaerators and boiler feed water pumps along the steam-water process. The closed circulating water system includes deaerators, circulating water pumps, water-to-water heat exchangers and low-temperature economizers along the water process connected in sequence through circulating water pipes.

本案通过从除氧器低压给水引一路循环水至水水换热器，用于加热来自低 温加热器出口的凝结水，冷却后的循环水送至低温省煤器，与烟气换热后再次回到除氧器，形成独立的闭式循环水系统。利用除氧器出口水温恒定的特点，可有效克服不同工况下凝结水参数波动的影响，确保低温省煤器不发生低温腐蚀。In this case, circulating water is introduced from the low-pressure feed water of the deaerator to the water-to-water heat exchanger to heat the low-pressure feed water from the deaerator. The condensate at the outlet of the warm heater is sent to the low-temperature economizer after cooling, and returns to the deaerator after heat exchange with the flue gas, forming an independent closed circulating water system. The constant water temperature at the outlet of the deaerator can effectively overcome the influence of the fluctuation of condensate parameters under different working conditions, ensuring that the low-temperature economizer does not suffer from low-temperature corrosion.

附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

图1为本发明实施例提供的一种烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统的示意图。FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

上图中：
1-锅炉；2-除尘器；3-烟气-蒸汽换热器；4-SCR脱硝设备；5-低温省煤器；
6-引风机；7-汽轮机；8-凝汽器；9-低压加热器；10-水水换热器；11-除氧器；12-锅炉给水泵；13-循环水泵；14-水水换热器旁路电动调阀；15-低温省煤器旁路电动调阀；16-循环回水母管电动调阀；
T1-第一温度传感器；T2-第二温度传感器；T3-第三温度传感器；T4-第四
温度传感器；P1-第一压力传感器。In the above picture:
1- boiler; 2- dust collector; 3- flue gas-steam heat exchanger; 4- SCR denitrification equipment; 5- low temperature economizer;
6- induced draft fan; 7- steam turbine; 8- condenser; 9- low pressure heater; 10- water-to-water heat exchanger; 11- deaerator; 12- boiler feed water pump; 13- circulating water pump; 14- water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve; 15- low temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve; 16- circulating return water main pipe electric regulating valve;
T1 - first temperature sensor; T2 - second temperature sensor; T3 - third temperature sensor; T4 - fourth temperature sensor; P1 - first pressure sensor.

具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION

下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

本发明的核心是提供一种烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统，可有效克服凝结水参数波动的影响，确保低温省煤器不发生低温腐蚀。 The core of the present invention is to provide a flue gas waste heat coupled condensate return water heating system, which can effectively overcome the influence of condensate water parameter fluctuations and ensure that the low-temperature economizer does not suffer from low-temperature corrosion.

为了使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本发明提供的技术方案，下面将结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution provided by the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

具体地，请参考图1，本发明提供的一种烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统，包括：锅炉1、除尘器2、烟气-蒸汽换热器3、SCR脱硝设备4、低温省煤器5、引风机6、汽轮机7、凝汽器8、低压加热器9、水水换热器10、除氧器11、锅炉给水泵12以及循环水泵13。Specifically, please refer to Figure 1. The present invention provides a flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system, including: a boiler 1, a dust collector 2, a flue gas-steam heat exchanger 3, an SCR denitrification equipment 4, a low-temperature economizer 5, an induced draft fan 6, a steam turbine 7, a condenser 8, a low-pressure heater 9, a water-to-water heat exchanger 10, a deaerator 11, a boiler feed water pump 12 and a circulating water pump 13.

其中，锅炉1的烟气出口依次与除尘器2、烟气-蒸汽换热器3、SCR脱硝设备4和引风机6中的烟气管道连通，锅炉1的汽包出口与汽轮机7的蒸汽入口连通，汽轮机7的蒸汽出口依次与凝汽器8、低压加热器9和水水换热器10的凝结水通道连通；The flue gas outlet of the boiler 1 is connected to the flue gas pipeline in the dust collector 2, the flue gas-steam heat exchanger 3, the SCR denitrification equipment 4 and the induced draft fan 6 in sequence, the drum outlet of the boiler 1 is connected to the steam inlet of the steam turbine 7, and the steam outlet of the steam turbine 7 is connected to the condenser 8, the low-pressure heater 9 and the condensate channel of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10 in sequence;

除氧器11的第一入口与水水换热器10的凝结水出口连通、第二入口与低温省煤器5的循环水出口连通、第一出口与锅炉1的进水口连通、第二出口通过水水换热器10的循环水通道与低温省煤器5的循环水入口连通。The first inlet of the deaerator 11 is connected to the condensate outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10, the second inlet is connected to the circulating water outlet of the low-temperature economizer 5, the first outlet is connected to the water inlet of the boiler 1, and the second outlet is connected to the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer 5 through the circulating water channel of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10.

需要说明的是，除氧器11利用热力型除氧原理，采用中压旋膜式结构。利用汽轮机7抽汽加热凝结水，提供凝结水温度和除氧，送至锅炉1。除氧器11的出水温度通常设计成常规参数(如130℃/150℃)。垃圾焚烧厂的除氧器11工作压力恒定，给水温度也为恒定值，不随负荷变化而波动。从除氧器11低压给水引一路作为循环水，送至水水换热器10。It should be noted that the deaerator 11 uses the thermal deoxidation principle and adopts a medium-pressure rotary film structure. The condensate is heated by extracting steam from the steam turbine 7 to provide the condensate temperature and deoxidation, and then sent to the boiler 1. The outlet water temperature of the deaerator 11 is usually designed to be a conventional parameter (such as 130°C/150°C). The working pressure of the deaerator 11 of the waste incineration plant is constant, and the feed water temperature is also a constant value, which does not fluctuate with load changes. A low-pressure feed water from the deaerator 11 is drawn as circulating water and sent to the water-to-water heat exchanger 10.

SCR脱硝设备4为利用选择性催化还原方法进行脱硝的设备。The SCR denitration device 4 is a device that performs denitration by using a selective catalytic reduction method.

本方案提供的烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统，根据不同介质的流通，具体可分为垃圾焚烧烟气排放系统、凝结水加热系统和闭式循环水系统。垃圾焚烧烟气排放系统沿烟气流程依次包括通过烟道依次连接的锅炉1、除尘器2、烟气-蒸汽换热器3、SCR脱硝设备4、低温省煤器5和引风机6。凝结水加热系统沿汽水流程包括汽轮机7、凝汽器8、低压加热器9、水水换热器10、除氧器11和锅炉给水泵12。闭式循环水系统沿水流程包括通过循环水管依次连接的除氧器11、循环水泵13、水水换热器10和低温省煤器5。 The flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system provided in this scheme can be specifically divided into a waste incineration flue gas emission system, a condensate heating system and a closed circulating water system according to the circulation of different media. The waste incineration flue gas emission system includes a boiler 1, a dust collector 2, a flue gas-steam heat exchanger 3, an SCR denitrification device 4, a low-temperature economizer 5 and an induced draft fan 6 connected in sequence through the flue along the flue gas process. The condensate heating system includes a steam turbine 7, a condenser 8, a low-pressure heater 9, a water-to-water heat exchanger 10, a deaerator 11 and a boiler feed water pump 12 along the steam-water process. The closed circulating water system includes a deaerator 11, a circulating water pump 13, a water-to-water heat exchanger 10 and a low-temperature economizer 5 connected in sequence through a circulating water pipe along the water process.

本案通过从除氧器11低压给水引一路循环水至水水换热器10，用于加热来自低温加热器出口的凝结水，冷却后的循环水送至低温省煤器5，与烟气换热后再次回到除氧器11，形成独立的闭式循环水系统。利用除氧器11出口水温恒定的特点，可有效克服不同工况下凝结水参数波动的影响，确保低温省煤器5不发生低温腐蚀。In this case, circulating water is introduced from the low-pressure water supply of the deaerator 11 to the water-to-water heat exchanger 10 to heat the condensed water from the outlet of the low-temperature heater. The cooled circulating water is sent to the low-temperature economizer 5, and returns to the deaerator 11 after heat exchange with the flue gas, forming an independent closed circulating water system. By taking advantage of the constant outlet water temperature of the deaerator 11, the influence of the fluctuation of condensed water parameters under different working conditions can be effectively overcome, ensuring that the low-temperature economizer 5 does not suffer from low-temperature corrosion.

在具体实施例中，除氧器11的第二入口与第一循环回水母管的一端连接，低温省煤器5的循环水出口与第一支管的一端连接，低温省煤器5的循环水入口和水水换热器10的循环水出口之间的第二循环回水母管上与第二支管的一端连接，第二支管的另一端分别与第一支管的另一端、第一循环回水母管的另一端连接。In a specific embodiment, the second inlet of the deaerator 11 is connected to one end of the first circulating water return pipe, the circulating water outlet of the low-temperature economizer 5 is connected to one end of the first branch pipe, the second circulating water return pipe between the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer 5 and the circulating water outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10 is connected to one end of the second branch pipe, and the other end of the second branch pipe is respectively connected to the other end of the first branch pipe and the other end of the first circulating water return pipe.

第一循环回水母管上串联有循环回水母管电动调阀16，循环回水母管电动调阀16用于控制第一循环回水母管上的阀门开度。第二支管上串联有低温省煤器旁路电动调阀15。低温省煤器旁路电动调阀15用于控制第二支管的阀门开度。The first circulation return water main pipe is connected in series with a circulation return water main pipe electric regulating valve 16, which is used to control the valve opening on the first circulation return water main pipe. The second branch pipe is connected in series with a low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve 15. The low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve 15 is used to control the valve opening of the second branch pipe.

本案还包括用于测量第一循环回水母管的水温和水压的第一温度传感器T1和第一压力传感器P1，以及，用于测量第一支管的水温的第二温度传感器T2。The present invention also includes a first temperature sensor T1 and a first pressure sensor P1 for measuring the water temperature and water pressure of the first circulating water return pipe, and a second temperature sensor T2 for measuring the water temperature of the first branch pipe.

低温省煤器旁路电动调阀15用于根据第一温度传感器T1的数值来控制开度，循环回水母管电动调阀16用于根据第二温度传感器T2和第一压力传感器P1的数值来控制开度。The low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve 15 is used to control the opening according to the value of the first temperature sensor T1, and the circulating return pipe electric regulating valve 16 is used to control the opening according to the values of the second temperature sensor T2 and the first pressure sensor P1.

当第一温度传感器T1的温度值超过第一预设值时，低温省煤器旁路电动调阀15打开，使第一温度传感器T1的温度值低于第一预设值。当第二温度传感器T2的温度值超过第二预设值时，减小循环回水母管电动调阀16的阀门开度，使得第一压力传感器P1的压力值不低于第三预设值。When the temperature value of the first temperature sensor T1 exceeds the first preset value, the low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve 15 is opened to make the temperature value of the first temperature sensor T1 lower than the first preset value. When the temperature value of the second temperature sensor T2 exceeds the second preset value, the valve opening of the circulating return water main pipe electric regulating valve 16 is reduced so that the pressure value of the first pressure sensor P1 is not lower than the third preset value.

在具体实施例中，水水换热器10的循环水入口和循环水出口之间设置第三支管，第三支管上串联有水水换热器旁路电动调阀14。水水换热器旁路电动调阀14用于控制第三支管的阀门开度。 In a specific embodiment, a third branch pipe is provided between the circulating water inlet and the circulating water outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10, and the third branch pipe is serially connected with a water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve 14. The water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve 14 is used to control the valve opening of the third branch pipe.

本案还包括用于测量低温省煤器5的循环水入口和水水换热器10的循环水出口之间第二循环回水母管的水温的第三温度传感器T3，水水换热器旁路电动调阀14用于根据第三温度传感器T3的数值来控制开度。This case also includes a third temperature sensor T3 for measuring the water temperature of the second circulating return water main pipe between the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer 5 and the circulating water outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10. The water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve 14 is used to control the opening according to the value of the third temperature sensor T3.

当第三温度传感器T3的温度值低于第四预设值时，打开水水换热器旁路电动调阀14，确保第三温度传感器T3的温度值不低于第四预设值。When the temperature value of the third temperature sensor T3 is lower than the fourth preset value, the water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve 14 is opened to ensure that the temperature value of the third temperature sensor T3 is not lower than the fourth preset value.

为了提高流体动力，除氧器11的第一出口和锅炉1的进水口之间串联有锅炉给水泵12。In order to improve fluid dynamics, a boiler feed water pump 12 is connected in series between the first outlet of the deaerator 11 and the water inlet of the boiler 1 .

在具体实施例中，除氧器11的第二出口和水水换热器10的循环水入口之间设置有循环水泵13。循环水泵13为变频泵。In a specific embodiment, a circulating water pump 13 is provided between the second outlet of the deaerator 11 and the circulating water inlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10. The circulating water pump 13 is a variable frequency pump.

低温省煤器5的烟气出口和引风机6之间设置有第四温度传感器T4，用于监测烟温。A fourth temperature sensor T4 is provided between the flue gas outlet of the low-temperature economizer 5 and the induced draft fan 6 for monitoring the flue gas temperature.

循环水泵13用于根据第四温度传感器T4的数值控制循环水泵13的功率。The circulating water pump 13 is used to control the power of the circulating water pump 13 according to the value of the fourth temperature sensor T4.

当第四温度传感器T4的温度值低于第五预设值时，提高循环水泵13功率，增大循环水流量，提高排烟温度在第五预设值以上。When the temperature value of the fourth temperature sensor T4 is lower than the fifth preset value, the power of the circulating water pump 13 is increased, the circulating water flow rate is increased, and the exhaust gas temperature is increased to be above the fifth preset value.

需要说明的是，第一预设值、第二预设值、第三预设值、第四预设值和第五预设值可根据实际需要进行适应性选择，在此不做赘述。It should be noted that the first preset value, the second preset value, the third preset value, the fourth preset value and the fifth preset value can be adaptively selected according to actual needs, and will not be elaborated here.

上述设置，可综合利用低温省煤器5回收的烟气余热，实现不同工况下系统稳定性，克服不同凝结水参数波动的影响，精确、灵活的调节系统性能参数。The above arrangement can comprehensively utilize the flue gas waste heat recovered by the low-temperature economizer 5, achieve system stability under different working conditions, overcome the influence of fluctuations in different condensate parameters, and accurately and flexibly adjust system performance parameters.

在一具体实施例中，水水换热器10为板式换热器，换热效率高，设备体积小。除氧器11低压给水通过循环水泵13送至水水换热器10，作为水水换热器10的热端。水水换热器10冷端来自于低压加热器9出口的凝结水。加热后的凝结水回至除氧器11，减少除氧器11的加热抽汽量，提高发电效率。冷凝后的循环水送至低温省煤器5。In a specific embodiment, the water-to-water heat exchanger 10 is a plate-type heat exchanger with high heat exchange efficiency and small equipment size. The low-pressure feed water of the deaerator 11 is sent to the water-to-water heat exchanger 10 through the circulating water pump 13, which serves as the hot end of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10. The cold end of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10 comes from the condensed water at the outlet of the low-pressure heater 9. The heated condensed water is returned to the deaerator 11, reducing the heating steam extraction amount of the deaerator 11 and improving the power generation efficiency. The condensed circulating water is sent to the low-temperature economizer 5.

在另一具体实施例中，低温省煤器5为双H型翅片管式省煤器，材质为ND钢，设备投资成本低，节距大，不易堵灰。本设备布置在SCR脱硝设备4与引风机6之间，入口烟温恒为180℃。低温省煤器5进口循环水温度要求不低于100℃，出口烟温要求不低于120℃，若低于此值，低温省煤器5存在很 大的低温腐蚀风险，造成设备损坏，不利于长周期运行。低温省煤器5循环水出口送至除氧器11。循环回水母管温度不得超过除氧器11工作压力下的饱和温度，目的是防止温度过高造成除氧器11自沸腾，影响设备运行。In another specific embodiment, the low-temperature economizer 5 is a double H-type finned tube economizer made of ND steel, with low equipment investment cost, large pitch, and not easy to block ash. This equipment is arranged between the SCR denitrification equipment 4 and the induced draft fan 6, and the inlet flue gas temperature is constant at 180°C. The inlet circulating water temperature of the low-temperature economizer 5 is required to be not less than 100°C, and the outlet flue gas temperature is required to be not less than 120°C. If it is lower than this value, the low-temperature economizer 5 has a lot of The high risk of low-temperature corrosion will cause equipment damage and be unfavorable for long-term operation. The circulating water outlet of the low-temperature economizer 5 is sent to the deaerator 11. The temperature of the circulating water main pipe shall not exceed the saturation temperature under the working pressure of the deaerator 11, in order to prevent the deaerator 11 from boiling due to excessive temperature and affect the operation of the equipment.

以1x500t/d垃圾焚烧厂设计为例，余热锅炉1主蒸汽参数为6.4MPa/450℃，设计负荷下除氧器11低压给水温度130℃，SCR脱硝设备4出口烟气温度180℃，烟气量113000Nm3/h，低压加热器9出口凝结水水温为82℃，凝结水量为45t/h。Taking the design of 1x500t/d waste incineration plant as an example, the main steam parameter of waste heat boiler 1 is 6.4MPa/450℃, the low-pressure feed water temperature of deaerator 11 is 130℃ under design load, the flue gas temperature at the outlet of SCR denitration equipment 4 is 180℃, the flue gas volume is 113000Nm3 /h, the condensate temperature at the outlet of low-pressure heater 9 is 82℃, and the condensate volume is 45t/h.

烟气余热回收系统为闭式循环水系统，低温省煤器旁路电动调阀15与第一循环回水母管的第一温度传感器T1连锁控制，循环回水母管电动调阀16与低温省煤器5循环水出口的第一支管上的第二温度传感器T2以及第一循环回水母管上的第一压力传感器P1连锁控制，水水换热器旁路电动调阀14与低温省煤器5循环水入口的第二循环回水母管上第三温度传感器T3连锁控制，循环水泵13与第四温度传感器T4连锁控制。当循环水泵13正常运行时，水水换热器旁路电动调阀14、低温省煤器旁路电动调阀15关闭，循环回水母管电动调阀16全开。第一步，首先监测第一温度传感器T1的温度，当第一温度传感器T1的温度值超过130℃，低温省煤器旁路电动调阀15打开，控制第一温度传感器T1的温度值在130℃以内，再监测第二温度传感器T2的温度，当第二温度传感器T2的温度值超过150℃时，减小循环回水母管电动调阀16的开度，使得第一压力传感器P1的压力值不低于0.6MPa。第二步，监测低温省煤器5循环水入口的水温(即第三温度传感器T3的温度值)，当第三温度传感器T3的温度值低于100℃，水水换热器旁路电动调阀14打开，确保第三温度传感器T3的温度值不低于100℃。第三步，监测第四温度传感器T4的排烟温度值，当排烟温度低于120℃，提高循环水泵13的功率，增大循环水流量，提高排烟温度在120℃以上。The flue gas waste heat recovery system is a closed-loop circulating water system. The low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve 15 is interlocked with the first temperature sensor T1 of the first circulating water return main pipe, the circulating water return main pipe electric regulating valve 16 is interlocked with the second temperature sensor T2 on the first branch pipe at the circulating water outlet of the low-temperature economizer 5 and the first pressure sensor P1 on the first circulating water return main pipe, the water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve 14 is interlocked with the third temperature sensor T3 on the second circulating water return main pipe at the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer 5, and the circulating water pump 13 is interlocked with the fourth temperature sensor T4. When the circulating water pump 13 operates normally, the water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve 14 and the low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve 15 are closed, and the circulating water return main pipe electric regulating valve 16 is fully opened. The first step is to monitor the temperature of the first temperature sensor T1. When the temperature value of the first temperature sensor T1 exceeds 130°C, the low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve 15 is opened to control the temperature value of the first temperature sensor T1 within 130°C. Then monitor the temperature of the second temperature sensor T2. When the temperature value of the second temperature sensor T2 exceeds 150°C, reduce the opening of the circulating water main pipe electric regulating valve 16 so that the pressure value of the first pressure sensor P1 is not less than 0.6MPa. The second step is to monitor the water temperature at the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer 5 (i.e., the temperature value of the third temperature sensor T3). When the temperature value of the third temperature sensor T3 is lower than 100°C, the water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve 14 is opened to ensure that the temperature value of the third temperature sensor T3 is not lower than 100°C. The third step is to monitor the exhaust gas temperature value of the fourth temperature sensor T4. When the exhaust gas temperature is lower than 120°C, increase the power of the circulating water pump 13, increase the circulating water flow rate, and increase the exhaust gas temperature above 120°C.

利用烟气余热加热凝结水系统，当循环水泵13流量为64t/h，水水换热器10循环水出口温度为100℃，凝结水出口温度124℃。低温省煤器5循环水入口水温100℃，与180℃烟气换热后，循环水温升高至129℃，重新回至除氧 器11，排烟温度降至130℃，全厂发电效率提高1％。The condensate system is heated by flue gas waste heat. When the flow rate of circulating water pump 13 is 64t/h, the circulating water outlet temperature of water-to-water heat exchanger 10 is 100℃, and the condensate outlet temperature is 124℃. The circulating water inlet temperature of low-temperature economizer 5 is 100℃. After heat exchange with 180℃ flue gas, the circulating water temperature rises to 129℃ and returns to the deoxidation system. The exhaust gas temperature was reduced to 130℃ and the power generation efficiency of the whole plant was increased by 1%.

本发明提供的一种烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统，至少具备以下有益效果或优点：The present invention provides a flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system, which has at least the following beneficial effects or advantages:

1、本案为闭式循环水系统，循环水为全封闭内循环，避免了水质污染，减少换热设备结垢和腐蚀，提高换热设备传热效率和寿命；采用循环水为中间介质，利用低温省煤器5回收烟气余热直接加热凝结水。另外可与常规热力系统进行切换，当该系统检修停运时，不影响热力系统稳定运行。1. This case is a closed circulating water system. The circulating water is a fully closed internal circulation, which avoids water pollution, reduces scaling and corrosion of heat exchange equipment, and improves the heat transfer efficiency and life of heat exchange equipment. The circulating water is used as the intermediate medium, and the low-temperature economizer 5 is used to recover the flue gas waste heat to directly heat the condensate. In addition, it can be switched with the conventional thermal system. When the system is shut down for maintenance, it will not affect the stable operation of the thermal system.

2、除氧器11的出口水温恒定，利用水水换热器10旁路调阀开度，在变工况下可以很容易控制出口水温，克服不同工况参数波动影响，确保低温省煤器5不发生低温腐蚀。2. The outlet water temperature of the deaerator 11 is constant. By using the bypass valve opening of the water-to-water heat exchanger 10, the outlet water temperature can be easily controlled under variable operating conditions, overcoming the influence of parameter fluctuations under different operating conditions and ensuring that the low-temperature economizer 5 does not suffer from low-temperature corrosion.

3、余热回收系统配套设置排烟温度精确调整的控制系统，降低排烟温度，提高全厂发电效率，实现深度节能减排降碳。通过改变锅炉1烟囱的排放温度调整视觉白烟。3. The waste heat recovery system is equipped with a control system for precise adjustment of the exhaust temperature to reduce the exhaust temperature, improve the power generation efficiency of the entire plant, and achieve deep energy conservation, emission reduction and carbon reduction. The visual white smoke is adjusted by changing the exhaust temperature of the chimney of boiler 1.

如本申请和权利要求书中所示，除非上下文明确提示例外情形，“一”、“一个”、“一种”和/或“该”等词并非特指单数，也可包括复数。一般说来，术语“包括”与“包含”仅提示包括已明确标识的步骤和元素，而这些步骤和元素不构成一个排它性的罗列，方法或者设备也可能包含其它的步骤或元素。由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括要素的过程、方法、商品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。As shown in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "a", "an", "a kind" and/or "the" do not refer to the singular, but also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "include" and "comprise" only indicate the inclusion of clearly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements. The elements defined by the sentence "includes a..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device that includes the elements.

本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的限定，设置、安装、连接等词语应做广义理解，所属技术领域技术人员可以结合技术方案的具体内容合理确定上述词语在本申请中的具体含义。In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific content of the technical solution.

本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明 进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。 This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, the present invention can also be modified without departing from the principles of the present invention. Several improvements and modifications are made, which also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

一种烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统，其特征在于，包括锅炉、除尘器、烟气-蒸汽换热器、SCR脱硝设备、低温省煤器、引风机、汽轮机、凝汽器、低压加热器、水水换热器、除氧器、锅炉给水泵以及循环水泵；A flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system, characterized in that it includes a boiler, a dust collector, a flue gas-steam heat exchanger, an SCR denitrification device, a low-temperature economizer, an induced draft fan, a steam turbine, a condenser, a low-pressure heater, a water-to-water heat exchanger, a deaerator, a boiler feed water pump and a circulating water pump; 其中，所述锅炉的烟气出口依次与所述除尘器、所述烟气-蒸汽换热器、所述SCR脱硝设备和所述引风机中的烟气管道连通，所述锅炉的汽包出口与所述汽轮机的蒸汽入口连通，所述汽轮机的蒸汽出口依次与所述凝汽器、所述低压加热器和所述水水换热器的凝结水通道连通；The flue gas outlet of the boiler is sequentially connected to the dust collector, the flue gas-steam heat exchanger, the SCR denitration equipment and the flue gas pipeline in the induced draft fan, the drum outlet of the boiler is connected to the steam inlet of the steam turbine, and the steam outlet of the steam turbine is sequentially connected to the condenser, the low-pressure heater and the condensate channel of the water-to-water heat exchanger; 所述除氧器的第一入口与所述水水换热器的凝结水出口连通、第二入口与所述低温省煤器的循环水出口连通、第一出口与所述锅炉的进水口连通、第二出口通过所述水水换热器的循环水通道与所述低温省煤器的循环水入口连通。The first inlet of the deaerator is connected to the condensate outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger, the second inlet is connected to the circulating water outlet of the low-temperature economizer, the first outlet is connected to the water inlet of the boiler, and the second outlet is connected to the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer through the circulating water channel of the water-to-water heat exchanger. 根据权利要求1所述的烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统，其特征在于，所述除氧器的第二入口与第一循环回水母管的一端连接，所述低温省煤器的循环水出口与第一支管的一端连接，所述低温省煤器的循环水入口和所述水水换热器的循环水出口之间的第二循环回水母管上与第二支管的一端连接，所述第二支管的另一端分别与所述第一支管的另一端、所述第一循环回水母管的另一端连接；The flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the second inlet of the deaerator is connected to one end of the first circulation return water mother pipe, the circulation water outlet of the low-temperature economizer is connected to one end of the first branch pipe, the second circulation return water mother pipe between the circulation water inlet of the low-temperature economizer and the circulation water outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger is connected to one end of the second branch pipe, and the other end of the second branch pipe is respectively connected to the other end of the first branch pipe and the other end of the first circulation return water mother pipe; 所述第一循环回水母管上串联有循环回水母管电动调阀，所述第二支管上串联有低温省煤器旁路电动调阀。The first circulating water return main pipe is connected in series with a circulating water return main pipe electric regulating valve, and the second branch pipe is connected in series with a low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve. 根据权利要求2所述的烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统，其特征在于，还包括用于测量所述第一循环回水母管的水温和水压的第一温度传感器和第一压力传感器，以及，用于测量所述第一支管的水温的第二温度传感器；The flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system according to claim 2 is characterized by further comprising a first temperature sensor and a first pressure sensor for measuring the water temperature and water pressure of the first circulating return water main pipe, and a second temperature sensor for measuring the water temperature of the first branch pipe; 所述低温省煤器旁路电动调阀用于根据所述第一温度传感器的数值来控制开度，所述循环回水母管电动调阀用于根据所述第二温度传感器和所述第一压力传感器的数值来控制开度。 The low-temperature economizer bypass electric regulating valve is used to control the opening according to the value of the first temperature sensor, and the circulating return water main pipe electric regulating valve is used to control the opening according to the values of the second temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor. 根据权利要求1所述的烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统，其特征在于，所述水水换热器的循环水入口和循环水出口之间设置第三支管，所述第三支管上串联有水水换热器旁路电动调阀。The flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system according to claim 1 is characterized in that a third branch pipe is arranged between the circulating water inlet and the circulating water outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger, and a water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve is connected in series to the third branch pipe. 根据权利要求4所述的烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统，其特征在于，还包括用于测量所述低温省煤器的循环水入口和所述水水换热器的循环水出口之间第二循环回水母管的水温的第三温度传感器，所述水水换热器旁路电动调阀用于根据所述第三温度传感器的数值来控制开度。The flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system according to claim 4 is characterized in that it also includes a third temperature sensor for measuring the water temperature of the second circulating return water main pipe between the circulating water inlet of the low-temperature economizer and the circulating water outlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger, and the water-to-water heat exchanger bypass electric regulating valve is used to control the opening according to the value of the third temperature sensor. 根据权利要求1所述的烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统，其特征在于，所述除氧器的第一出口和所述锅炉的进水口之间串联有锅炉给水泵。The flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system according to claim 1 is characterized in that a boiler feed water pump is connected in series between the first outlet of the deaerator and the water inlet of the boiler. 根据权利要求1所述的烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统，其特征在于，所述除氧器的第二出口和所述水水换热器的循环水入口之间设置有循环水泵。The flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system according to claim 1 is characterized in that a circulating water pump is provided between the second outlet of the deaerator and the circulating water inlet of the water-to-water heat exchanger. 根据权利要求7所述的烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统，其特征在于，所述低温省煤器的烟气出口和所述引风机之间设置有第四温度传感器，用于监测烟温；The flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system according to claim 7 is characterized in that a fourth temperature sensor is provided between the flue gas outlet of the low-temperature economizer and the induced draft fan for monitoring the flue gas temperature; 所述循环水泵用于根据所述第四温度传感器的数值控制所述循环水泵的功率。The circulating water pump is used to control the power of the circulating water pump according to the value of the fourth temperature sensor. 根据权利要求1所述的烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统，其特征在于，所述水水换热器为板式换热器。The flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the water-to-water heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger. 根据权利要求1所述的烟气余热耦合凝结回水加热系统，其特征在于，所述低温省煤器为双H型翅片管式省煤器。 The flue gas waste heat coupled condensation return water heating system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the low-temperature economizer is a double H-type fin-tube economizer.
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