WO2024240751A1 - Méthode et système pour calibrer les paramètres d'un dispositif d'asservissement d'un four - Google Patents
Méthode et système pour calibrer les paramètres d'un dispositif d'asservissement d'un four Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024240751A1 WO2024240751A1 PCT/EP2024/063930 EP2024063930W WO2024240751A1 WO 2024240751 A1 WO2024240751 A1 WO 2024240751A1 EP 2024063930 W EP2024063930 W EP 2024063930W WO 2024240751 A1 WO2024240751 A1 WO 2024240751A1
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- mixture
- raw materials
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- temperature
- parameters
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/002—Regulating fuel supply using electronic means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/24—Automatically regulating the melting process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
- C03B5/2356—Submerged heating, e.g. by using heat pipes, hot gas or submerged combustion burners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
- F23N2221/10—Analysing fuel properties, e.g. density, calorific
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2225/00—Measuring
- F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2225/00—Measuring
- F23N2225/26—Measuring humidity
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a system for calibrating the parameters of a control device of a furnace, preferably with submerged combustion, for the melting of a mixture of raw materials comprising mineral waste. It also relates to a furnace, preferably with submerged combustion, which implements said method or said system.
- SCF submerged combustion furnace
- SBF submerged burner furnace
- combustion means such as oxygen/air-fuel burners are directly immersed in the mixture of vitrifiable raw materials and in the molten glass bath formed.
- US 351,413 B, J. T. WAINWRIGHT 26.10.1886 describes, for example, a method of injecting air and/or fuel such as gas or oil into a bath of molten glass so that said gases circulate and heat through the bath before their combustion takes place under or near the surface of the bath.
- the bath is thus constantly stirred and mixed, thereby keeping it hot.
- US 1,656,828 A, POWELL EDWARD R, 17.01.1928 describes a method and apparatus for manufacturing rock wool in which a mixture of raw materials is introduced into a vertical tank provided with an adjacent inclined combustion chamber.
- the combustion chamber comprises a burner arranged so that the combustion gases enter and melt the mixture of raw materials at the lower base of the tank.
- an opening allows the flow of molten glass through an air jet for blowing molten glass in the form of fibers.
- WO 2009 091 558 A1, GAS TECHNOLOGY INST [US] 29.07.2009 describes a submerged combustion furnace comprising a tank with a double wall with fluid circulation. The bottom of the furnace is provided with a plurality of submerged burners whose relative spatial arrangement is optimized to improve the thermal homogeneity of the glass bath and reduce the number of unmelted parts.
- GB 1 028 481 A SELAS CORP OF AMERICA, 04.05.1966 describes a furnace provided with a plurality of melting tanks each comprising, at the centre of their lower base, a plurality of submerged burners.
- the furnace further comprises a main refining tank into which the molten glass from the melting tanks flows.
- the mixture of vitrifiable raw materials used in a submerged combustion furnace comprises mineral materials which are sources of oxides, hydroxides and/or carbonates of metals, metalloids, alkalis and/or alkaline earths, the relative proportions of which are adjusted so as to obtain the desired chemical composition of the glass at the end of the melting.
- Mineral materials are typically mining materials such as, for example, silica sand, bauxite, dolomite, calcium carbonates, magnesium carbonates and/or sodium carbonate. They may also be mineral co-products of other manufacturing industries.
- a first example of recyclable mineral waste is “cullet”, of which two types are distinguished: - so-called “internal” cullet which may include glass waste from the same manufacturing process or the same glass product production line and generally includes cutting waste, defective products detected and rejected during quality control or during adjustments to product compositions; - so-called “external” cullet which may include glass waste collected from other processes or glass product manufacturing lines, from consumers with the aim of recycling glass products after their use, for example deconstruction waste, glass bottles, used glazing, etc.
- cullet is a mixture of glass debris of different colors and different compositions.
- the surface of this debris can also be covered with organic and/or inorganic layers, layers inherited from the different surface functionalization processes for certain applications of glass products.
- cullet can also include a certain number of foreign body debris such as ceramic, earthenware, porcelain, terracotta, plastic, metals, electronic components, etc.
- a second example of recyclable mineral waste is mineral fibre waste, whether sized or not, i.e. with or without an organic binder. This waste can come from manufacturing industries, building sites or other works and/or recycling channels.
- a third example of recyclable mineral waste is raw materials from biomass recovery channels of plant, animal, bacterial or fungal origin. This material can be used as fuel, but also as a means of adjusting the composition of glass and/or its redox state.
- WO 0248612 A1 SAINT GOBAIN [FR] 20.06.2002 describes, for example, a method for destroying and/or rendering inert mineral waste, in particular making it possible to obtain a recoverable cullet for the subsequent manufacture of mineral wool.
- the mineral waste is introduced into a liquid and/or foamy phase maintained at a temperature of at least 800°C and previously formed in a tank equipped with a submerged burner from a mixture of partly vitrifiable materials.
- WO 2006 018 582 A1 SAINT GOBAIN ISOVER [FR] 23.02.2006 describes a process for treating mineral waste, in particular mineral fibre waste, in which pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air is injected into a mass of materials to be recycled, itself subjected to heating via submerged burners. By burning the organic compounds and melting the mass, it is possible to obtain a cullet that can be used for the subsequent manufacture of glass fibres.
- US 4877449 A, INST GAS TECHNOLOGY [US] 10/31/1989 describes a submerged combustion furnace comprising a vertical tank provided, in its upper part, above the glass bath, with a cooled grid on which solid charges are deposited using a hopper. The combustion gases coming from the glass bath pass through the grid and heat the solid charges causing them to melt and the liquid thus formed to flow into the glass bath.
- a control system such as a feedback loop, is implemented for at least one operating, functioning or control parameter of the furnace, which makes it possible to compensate for the disturbances to which the furnace is subjected compared to its steady state.
- a control system such as a feedback loop
- Such an approach is made possible by the very low thermal inertia intrinsic to submerged combustion furnaces, in particular those equipped with a double wall with fluid circulation.
- EP 2 433 911 A1 JOHNS MANVILLE [US] 28.03.2012 describes a method and a device for recycling a glass wool mattress, in which said mattress is introduced into the glass bath of a submerged combustion furnace at a uniform charging speed.
- a PID servo device or a predictive control system allows the regulation, at the output, of several operating parameters of the furnace, in particular the speed of the mattress conveyors, from different input signals, such as the temperature of the glass bath, the draft and/or the flow rate of fuel and/or oxidant in the burners.
- WO 2022/180 345 A1 SAINT GOBAIN ISOVER [FR] 01.09.2022 describes a method for regulating a submerged combustion furnace supplied with a wet mixture of mineral wools and/or biomass, in which the flow rate of the mixture or the power of the submerged burners is regulated using a PID control device based on a measurement of the humidity level of said mixture.
- a major disadvantage of processes involving a prior stage of treatment of recyclable mineral waste is that they require more complex installations or treatments, and therefore more substantial material and financial investments for their implementation.
- the moisture content and organic compound content of mineral waste vary greatly depending on its origin and storage conditions.
- a mixture of raw materials including mineral waste in given proportions is highly likely to show sudden and significant variations in its moisture content and organic compound content.
- the proportion of mineral waste in the mixture is likely to vary depending on the ease or difficulty of supplying raw materials. These variations can also contribute to sudden and significant variations in the humidity rate and organic compound content of the mixture. As explained above, such variations cause significant disturbances in the thermal and chemical balance of the kiln. The kiln leaves its steady state and can switch to unstable regimes.
- a method for calibrating the parameters of a control device of a furnace, preferably with submerged combustion, for the melting of a mixture of raw materials comprising mineral waste comprises at least one tank equipped with at least one heating means, preferably in the form of at least one submerged burner, and at least one control device configured to regulate the power of said heating means according to a set temperature, T0; - said tank is suitable for melting a mixture of raw materials; - said tank comprises at least one temperature measuring device; - said temperature measuring device is configured for continuous measurement of the temperature of said mixture of molten raw materials, and connected to said servo device; said method comprises the following steps: (a) the continuous introduction of a mixture of raw materials of given composition into the tank; (b) continuous measurement of the temperature of the molten raw material mixture using the temperature measuring device; (c) stationary heating of the mixture of molten raw materials at a given temperature, Ti; (d) the modification, for a given and limited period of time, without
- - the non-stationary heat transfer function H(s) is modeled using a first-order response transfer function with or without dead time; - in step (d), at least two parameters, preferably three parameters, are modified sequentially or in parallel; - in step (d), the moisture content in the raw material mixture is modified so that the variation in the moisture content of said mixture is between 0 and 10%, and/or the furnace draw is modified so that the relative variation in said draw is between 0 and 2000kg/h; - in step (d), the amount of organic compounds or carbonaceous fuels in the mixture of raw materials is modified so that the relative variation of said amount of organic compounds or carbonaceous fuels is between 0 and 15% by weight, preferably between 0 and 10% by weight; - in step (d), the power of the heating means is modified so that the relative variation of said power with respect to the initial power is between 0 and 100%, preferably 0 and 50%, or even between 0 and 25%; - the servo device is a Proportional – Integral
- the method according to the invention can be used for the calibration of a control device of a furnace, preferably with submerged combustion for the melting of a mixture of raw materials including mineral waste.
- the invention also relates to the use of a method according to the invention for calibrating a control device for a furnace, preferably with submerged combustion, for melting a mixture of raw materials comprising mineral waste.
- a system for calibrating the parameters of a control device of a furnace, preferably with submerged combustion, for the melting of a mixture of raw materials comprising mineral waste - the oven comprises at least one tank equipped with at least one heating means in the form of at least one submerged burner; - the tank is suitable for melting a mixture of raw materials; said system comprises: - at least one temperature measuring device, said one temperature measuring device being configured for continuous measurement of the temperature of said molten raw material mixture; - at least one servo device configured to regulate the power of said heating means; the parameters of the transfer equation C(s) of said servo device being calibrated using a method according to the invention.
- a furnace in particular a submerged combustion furnace, for melting a mixture of raw materials comprising mineral waste, in which a method according to the first aspect of the invention is implemented.
- the oven is such that the heating means is an oxygen/air-fuel submerged burner and the servo device is further configured to regulate the power of said submerged burner by adjusting the flow rate of fuel injected into said burner while maintaining a constant oxygen flow rate to fuel flow rate ratio;
- the furnace is such that the heating means is an oxygen/air-fuel submerged burner and the servo device is further configured to inject oxygen or air at a constant total flow rate of oxygen or air into said burner and into a bubbler, and at a constant oxygen or air flow rate to fuel flow rate ratio in the burner when the power of the submerged burner varies.
- a first remarkable advantage of the invention is the obtaining of optimal values for the parameters of the transfer function of the servo device of a submerged combustion furnace.
- the temperature of the furnace converges rapidly towards the set temperature of the furnace in the event of sudden and intense variations in the set temperature, T 0 , the moisture content in the mixture 1001a of raw materials, the draw of the furnace, the charging speed of the mixture 1001a of raw materials, and/or the quantity of organic compounds or carbonaceous fuels in the mixture 1001a of raw materials.
- a second remarkable advantage is that it is possible to model, or even simulate, different values for the parameters of the transfer function of the servo device and to select those allowing an optimal regulation of the furnace without there being any need to physically implement disturbance tests on the furnace to evaluate said calibration.
- the adjustment of the servo device therefore requires less stress on the furnace.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an example of a glass or rock fiber manufacturing line.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional representation of a submerged combustion furnace for melting a mixture of raw materials including mineral waste.
- FIG. 1 is an example block diagram of a servo device according to certain embodiments.
- a 1000 glass or rock fiber manufacturing line by the internal centrifugation method generally includes: - silos 1001 for storing raw materials 1001a, for example mineral compounds and/or cullet; - a glass or rock melting furnace 1002 for melting the raw materials 1001a; - a conveyor 1003 for transporting the raw materials 1001a from the silos 1001 to the furnace 1002; - one or more fiberizing tools 1005a, 1005b, 1005c fed with molten glass or rock 1006; - an open or closed feed channel 1004 provided with openings located just above each fiberizing tool 1005a, 1005b, 1005c to feed them with glass or molten rock 1006.
- a submerged combustion furnace 1002 generally comprises at least one refractory melting tank 2001 provided at its base with a series of submerged burners 2002a-c of the oxidant-fuel type, for example oxygen-gas, air-fuel or oxygen-fuel.
- the furnace 1002 is supplied with a mixture 1001a of raw materials by a screw conveyor 1003 via an opening provided on its side wall. The opening may be submerged or emerged.
- the submerged burners 2002a-c ensure the melting of the mixture 1001a and the stirring of the cast iron 2004.
- the furnace 1002 may comprise a second tank 2005, for example a refining tank, into which the cast iron 2004 flows via a groove 2006 provided for this purpose.
- the second tank 2005 may be provided with a plurality of flame burners 2007 arranged above the surface of the cast iron 2004, with immersed or non-immersed electrodes and with a means 2008 for supplying a refining, oxidizing and/or reducing agent.
- the means 2088 for supplying an oxidizing or reducing agent may also be arranged in the first tank 2001.
- the stay of the 2004 cast iron in the second tank continues its thermal and chemical homogenization and allows the adjustment of its redox state in accordance with the specifications.
- the 2004 cast iron constitutes the molten glass or rock 1006 which is then conveyed to forming tools, such as fiberizing tools 1005a-c via channel 1004, glass aggregate manufacturing tools, or even molding tools.
- the melting tank 2001 has a temperature measuring device 2009, for example a thermocouple 2007, immersed or not, configured for continuous measurement of the temperature, T, of said mixture 1001a of molten raw materials, i.e. the cast iron 2004.
- the temperature measuring device is generally connected to a control device 2010, such as a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller, allowing the regulation of the furnace according to a set temperature, T 0 .
- PID Proportional-Integral-Derivative
- the set temperature, T 0 can be a fixed value or a time profile.
- the servo device 2010 is connected to the controllers (not shown) of the submerged burners and adjusts their power so that the temperature, T, of the cast iron 2004 reaches the set temperature, T 0 .
- the power of the burners is adjusted by varying the flow rates of oxygen, fuel and/or the ratio of these two flow rates.
- the servo device 2010 may further be configured to control the quantity or flow rate of oxidizing and reducing agent conveyed via the supply means 2008. This control may be exercised via a connection to the control device (not shown) of the supply means 2008.
- the supply means 2008 is a conveyor
- the control device may vary the conveying speed according to a setpoint value provided by the servo device 2010.
- a method 3000 for calibrating the parameters of a servo device 2010 of a furnace 1002, preferably with submerged combustion, for the melting of a mixture 1001a of raw materials comprising mineral waste - said oven 1002 comprises at least one tank 2001 equipped with at least one heating means 2002a-c, preferably in the form of at least one submerged burner, and at least one control device 2010 configured to regulate the power of said heating means 2002a-c; - said tank 2001 is suitable for the fusion 2004 of a mixture 1001a of raw materials; - said tank 2001 comprises at least one temperature measuring device 2009; - said temperature measuring device 2009 is configured for continuous measurement of the temperature of said mixture 1001a of molten raw materials 2004, and connected to said servo device 2010; said method 3000 comprises the following steps: (a) the continuous introduction 3001 of a mixture 1001a of raw materials of given composition into the tank 2001; (b) continuous measurement 3002 of the temperature of the mixture 1001a of molten
- the 2009 temperature measuring device may be a thermocouple or a pyrometer.
- carbonaceous fuels means any type of organic mineral fuel based on carbon, preferably solid, which can be added to the mixture 1001a of raw materials.
- An example of a carbonaceous fuel may be coal or petroleum coke.
- Modeling steps (f) and (g) are typically performed using a data processing device.
- An example of a device may be a device configured to automatically perform sequences of arithmetic or logical operations to perform tasks or actions.
- Such a device typically referred to as a computer, may include one or more central processing units (CPUs) and at least one control device adapted to perform such operations.
- CPUs central processing units
- the device may also include other electronic components such as input/output interfaces, non-volatile or volatile storage devices, and communication buses for transferring data between components within the device.
- One of the input/output devices may be a user interface for human-machine interaction, such as a graphical user interface for displaying human-understandable information.
- the data processing device may advantageously comprise one or more graphics processing units (GPUs) whose parallel structure makes them more efficient than central processing units in performing complex calculations.
- GPUs graphics processing units
- Step (g) of modeling the thermal behavior of the furnace 1002 using a non-stationary heat transfer function H(s) makes it possible to obtain a digital model of the furnace 1002 from which it is possible to model the parameters of the transfer function C(s) of the control device 2010 without it being necessary to physically intervene on the furnace 1002 to implement this modeling.
- the transfer function H(s) provides a model of the furnace 1002 on which the control device 2010 can be applied, via its transfer function C(s), in order, in step (g), to determine the values of the parameters of said device for optimal regulation of the furnace 1002.
- step (f) the thermal behavior of the furnace 1002 is modeled using a non-stationary heat transfer function H(s).
- the power I(t) can also include the temporal variations of the draw ⁇ (t) of the furnace and/or the speed v(t) of charging of the mixture 1001a of raw materials.
- a non-stationary heat transfer function H(s) in the Laplace domain can be:
- the modeling of the thermal behavior of the furnace 1002 is modeled using the transfer function H(s) with, as input data, the temporal variations of the temperature ⁇ T of the mixture 1001a of molten raw materials and of the operating parameter modified in step (d).
- the temporal variations of the temperature ⁇ T of the mixture 1001a of molten raw materials and of the operating parameter modified in step (d) can be interpreted as the consequences of a disturbance introduced by the modification, in step (d), of at least one operating parameter of the furnace.
- the use of this disturbance makes it possible to calculate the parameters of the transfer function H(s), in particular the constant ⁇ and the temperature T p .
- the non-steady heat transfer function H(s) is modeled using a first-order response transfer function with or without dead time.
- submerged combustion furnaces have a certain inertia and when one of their operating parameters is suddenly modified, in the form of a pulse, the response of said furnace 1002 is not immediate.
- the furnace 1002 shows a delay in response to the disturbance.
- this function has the following expression, for t > 0:
- the values of the parameters ⁇ and T p can be obtained by carrying out a function adjustment f(t) on the temporal variations of the temperature ⁇ T of the mixture 1001a of molten raw materials and of the power ⁇ P of the heating means 2002a-c.
- step (d) for a given and limited period of time, without active regulation by the servo device 2010, at least one operating parameter of the furnace 1002 is modified, chosen from the moisture content in the mixture 1001a of raw materials, the furnace draw, the charging speed of the mixture 1001a of raw materials, the power of the heating means 2002a-c, and/or the quantity of organic compounds or carbon fuels in the mixture 1001a of raw materials.
- the number and nature of the operating parameters to be modified depends on the composition of the mixture of raw materials including mineral waste and the precision required for the calibration of the control parameters.
- step (d) at least two, or even at least three, operating parameters are modified sequentially or in parallel.
- the modification of at least two, or even three parameters is generally sufficient for representative modeling of the thermal behavior of a furnace, in particular with submerged combustion and, ultimately, precise modeling of the parameters of the transfer function of the control device 2010 for effective regulation.
- the moisture content and organic or carbonaceous fuel content of mineral wastes can vary greatly depending on their origin and storage conditions.
- a raw material mixture including mineral wastes in given proportions can show sudden and significant variations in its moisture content and organic or carbonaceous fuel content.
- step (d) the moisture content in the mixture 1001a of raw materials is modified so that the variation in the moisture content of said mixture is between 0 and 10%, and/or the furnace draw is modified so that the relative variation in said draw is between 0 and 2000 kg/h.
- the oven 1002 may comprise at least one means 2011 for measuring the humidity of said mixture 1001a of raw materials.
- This means may be any type of humidity sensor suitable for measuring the humidity of the mixture 1001a of raw materials. It may be arranged at the conveyor 1003 just before loading, or further upstream, in the storage silos 1001.
- the humidity measuring means 2011 allows precise measurement of the variation in the humidity content of the mixture 1001a in step (d).
- step (d) the amount of organic compounds in the mixture 1001a of raw materials is modified so that the relative variation of said amount of organic compounds or carbonaceous fuels is between 0 and 15% by weight, preferably between 0 and 10% by weight.
- the power of the heating means (2002a-c) is modified so that the relative variation of said power compared to the initial power is between 0 and 100%, preferably 0 and 50%, or even between 0 and 25%.
- the represents the evolution of the temperature (dotted line) of a submerged combustion furnace as a function of time after the introduction of 5.7% by mass of coke in a mixture 1001a of raw materials followed by a sudden decrease in the power of the furnace from 287kW to 173kW.
- the evolution of the temperature is represented by the dot figures.
- the response f(t) can be fitted to the data from the using a least squares method with T p and ⁇ as fitting parameters.
- the optimal fit illustrated in the by the solid line, allows to obtain the following values for the parameters T p and ⁇ :
- the transfer function H(s) used to model the thermal behavior in this example can therefore be written as:
- Mc p representing the thermal capacity of the furnace 1002 independent of its mass
- step (g) the parameters of the transfer function C(s) of the servo device 2010 are modeled by applying it to the transfer function H(s) of the oven 1002, obtained in step (f).
- This modeling can in particular be implemented by simulation in order to determine ex-situ the optimal values of the parameters of the transfer function C(s) for efficient regulation of the furnace 1002.
- Numerical calculation software such as Matlab or Scilab provide functions and algorithms adapted to this type of simulation.
- an example of modeling may consist of an iterative optimization loop in which the parameters of the transfer function C(s) of the servo device are adjusted until the setpoint power P calculated by said function C(s) from a difference ⁇ between the temperature T of the furnace 1002 and a setpoint temperature T 0 for said furnace 1002 allows the furnace 1002 to reach said setpoint temperature T 0 when said power P increased by the power I(s) is provided, as input data, to the transfer function H(s) of the furnace 1002.
- I(s) ⁇ (s) + ⁇ (s) is the instantaneous variation in power linked to the temporal variations in the content, ⁇ (s), in humidity ⁇ and in the quantity ⁇ (s) of organic compounds or carbonaceous fuels in the mixture 1001a of raw materials.
- the parameters of the transfer function C(s) of the servo device 2010 can be adjusted manually, using an adjustment method such as the Ziegler–Nichols method, the Cohen-Coon method, the ⁇ ström–Hägglund method, or automatically using a numerical optimization method.
- the servo device 2010 is a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller.
- PID Proportional-Integral-Derivative
- the transfer function C(s) of the 2010 servo device can be written in the Laplace domain: or Kp, Ki and Kd are respectively the proportional, integral, and derivative parameters or gains.
- the transfer function C(s) is used to calculate, in real time, a gain for correcting the setpoint of the power regulators of the heating means 2002a-c in the form of at least one submerged burner.
- the unit of the gain depends on the type of regulator used. For example, in the case of a submerged burner, it may correspond to a percentage of the fuel flow rate, for example, a gas volume flow rate, injected into the burner.
- the flow rate value may be linked to a burner power level according to a linear relationship.
- the output setpoint value of the 2010 servo device can be written according to the following relation:
- the set power, P, at the input of the oven 1002 can be written:
- Modeling the parameters, Kp and ⁇ i of the transfer function C(s) of the 2010 servo device can then consist of adjusting the values which minimize the temporal temperature variations in a simulation of the system in regulation.
- This adjustment can be performed manually, using an adjustment method such as the Ziegler–Nichols method, the Cohen-Coon method, the ⁇ ström–Hägglund method, or automatically using a numerical optimization method.
- the transfer function H(s) of the furnace 1002 further takes, as input data, a set of simulated values, I(s), of the variations in the moisture content in the mixture 1001a of raw materials, the furnace draw, the charging speed of the mixture 1001a of raw materials, the quantity of organic compounds or carbonaceous fuels and/or the value of the set temperature, T 0 .
- the values of the moisture content in the raw material mixture 1001a, the kiln draw, the charging rate of the raw material mixture 1001a, and/or the amount of organic compounds or carbonaceous fuels are simulated as a random signal, such as white noise or pink noise.
- the values of the parameters Kp and ⁇ i are then manually adjusted by iteration so as to obtain a temperature close to the set temperature over time.
- upper frame shows a rapid convergence of the oven temperature (solid line) to the set temperature T 0 (dotted line) regardless of the nature and simultaneity of the variations (lower frame).
- a sudden change in the moisture content ⁇ (solid line) causes a small disturbance in the power (central frame) and the temperature (solid line) of the furnace deviates little from the set temperature T 0 (dotted line).
- Sudden changes in the draft ⁇ (lower frame dashed line) of the furnace after 5 h and shortly before 15 h cause sudden changes in power (central frame), and the temperature (solid line), after an initial drift, converges very quickly towards the set temperature T 0 (dotted line).
- the sudden change in the quantity ⁇ of organic matter or carbonaceous fuels (lower frame dotted line) around 17 h causes frequent changes in power that are quickly compensated.
- the servo-control device is able to compensate for sudden and simultaneous variations, after 07:30 and 19:00, of the set temperature T 0 (upper frame, dotted line), of the draft (lower frame, dashed line) of the furnace, of the humidity content (lower frame, solid line) and of the quantity of organic materials or carbonaceous fuels (lower frame, dotted line).
- a furnace 1002 preferably with submerged combustion, for the melting 2004 of a mixture 1001a of raw materials comprising mineral waste
- said furnace 1002 comprises: - a first tank 2001 adapted to the melting 2004 of a mixture of raw materials and equipped with at least one heating means 2002a-c in the form of at least one submerged burner, - at least one temperature measuring device 2009 for the continuous measurement of the temperature of said mixture 1001a of molten raw materials 2004; - at least one servo device 2010 configured to regulate the power of said heating means 2002a-c and to receive at least one continuous measurement of the temperature using said one temperature measuring device 2009; the values of the parameters of the transfer function C(s) of the servo device 2010 being fixed from values obtained using a calibration method according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect of the invention.
- the calibration method for determining the values of the parameters of the transfer function C(s) of the servo device 2010 can be implemented using a system according to the second aspect of the invention.
- the heating means 2002a-c is an oxygen/air-fuel submerged burner and the servo device 2010 is further configured to regulate the power of said submerged burner by adjusting the flow rate of fuel injected into said burner while maintaining a constant oxygen flow rate to fuel flow rate ratio.
- the heating means 2002a-c is a submerged oxygen/air-fuel burner and the servo device 2010 is further configured to inject oxygen or air at a constant total flow rate of oxygen or air into said burner and into a bubbler, and at a constant oxygen or air flow rate to fuel flow rate ratio into the burner as the power of the submerged burner varies.
- an installation for the manufacture of mineral fibers comprising a furnace 1002 according to any one of the embodiments of the third aspect of the invention.
- the present invention in all its aspects, can be implemented, without being limited thereto, in many processes and lines for manufacturing glass products such as, for example, glass wool, rock wool, textile glass fibers, flat glass or hollow glass.
- WO 2006 018 582 A1 SAINT GOBAIN ISOVER [FR] 02.23.2006.
- EP 2 433 911 A1 JOHNS MANVILLE [US] 03.28.2012.
- WO 2022 180 345 A1 SAINT GOBAIN ISOVER [FR] 01.09.2022.
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Abstract
Description
- le calcin dit « interne » qui peut comprendre des déchets verriers issus d’un même procédé de manufacture ou d’une même ligne de production de produits verriers et comprend généralement les rebus de découpe, les produits défectueux détectés et rejetés lors d’un contrôle qualité ou lors des ajustements de compositions de produit ;
- le calcin dit « externe » qui peut comprendre des déchets verriers collectés auprès d’autres procédés ou lignes de manufacture de produits verriers, des consommateurs dans l’objectif de recycler les produits verriers après leur utilisation, par exemple les déchets de déconstruction, les bouteilles en verre, les vitrages usagés....
- ledit four comprend au moins une cuve équipée d’au moins un moyen de chauffage, de préférence sous forme d’au moins un brûleur immergé, et au moins un dispositif d’asservissement configuré pour réguler la puissance dudit moyen de chauffage selon un température, T0, de consigne ;
- ladite cuve est adaptée à la fusion d’un mélange de matières premières ;
- ledit cuve comprend au moins un dispositif de mesure de température;
- ledit dispositif de mesure de température est configuré pour la mesure continue de la température dudit mélange de matières premières en fusion, et connecté audit dispositif d’asservissement;
ladite méthode comprend les étapes suivantes :
(a) l’introduction continue d’un mélange de matières premières de composition donnée dans la cuve;
(b) la mesure continue de la température du mélange de matières premières en fusion à l’aide du dispositif de mesure de température ;
(c) la chauffe stationnaire du mélange de matières premières en fusion selon une température, Ti, donnée ;
(d) la modification, pour une période donnée et limitée de temps, sans régulation active par le dispositif d’asservissement, d’au moins un paramètre de fonctionnement du four choisi parmi la teneur en humidité dans le mélange de matières premières, la tirée du four, la vitesse d’enfournement du mélange de matières premières, la puissance du moyen de chauffage, et/ou la quantité de composés organiques ou combustibles carbonés dans le mélange de matières premières ;
(e) le mesure des variations temporelles de la température, ΔT, du mélange de matières premières en fusion et de la puissance ΔP du moyen de chauffage;
(f) la modélisation, à l’aide d’un dispositif de traitement de données, du comportement thermique du four à l’aide d’une fonction H(s) de transfert de chaleur non-stationnaire avec, comme données d’entrée, les variations temporelles de la température ΔT du mélange de matières premières en fusion et du au moins un paramètre de fonctionnement modifié à l’étape (d) ;
(g) la modélisation, à l’aide d’un dispositif de traitement de données, des paramètres de la fonction de transfert C(s) du dispositif d’asservissement appliquée à la fonction H(s) de transfert modélisée à l’étape (f).
- la fonction H(s) de transfert de chaleur non-stationnaire est modélisée à l’aide d’une fonction de transfert de réponse de premier ordre avec ou sans temps mort ;
- à l’étape (d), au moins deux paramètres, de préférence trois paramètres, sont modifiés séquentiellement ou parallèlement ;
- à l’étape (d), la teneur en humidité dans le mélange de matières premières est modifiée de sorte que la variation de la teneur en humidité dudit mélange est comprise entre 0 et 10 %, et/ou la tirée du four est modifiée de sorte que la variation relative de ladite tirée est comprise entre 0 et 2000kg/h ;
- à l’étape (d), la quantité de composés organiques ou combustibles carbonés dans le mélange de matières premières est modifiée de sorte que la variation relative de ladite quantité de composés organiques ou combustibles carbonés est comprise entre 0 et 15% en poids, de préférence entre 0 et 10% en poids ;
- à l’étape (d), la puissance du moyen de chauffage est modifiée de sorte que la variation relative de ladite puissance par rapport à la puissance initiale est entre 0 et 100%, de préférence 0 et 50%, voire entre 0 et 25% ;
- le dispositif d’asservissement est un régulateur Proportionnel – Intégral – Dérivé (PID) ;
- à l’étape (g), la fonction H(s) de transfert du four prend en outre, en données d’entrées, un ensemble de valeurs simulées, I(s), des variations de la teneur en humidité dans le mélange de matières premières, la tirée du four, la vitesse d’enfournement du mélange de matières premières, la quantité de composés organiques ou combustibles carbonés et/ou la valeur de la température, T0, de consigne ;
- les valeurs de la teneur en humidité dans le mélange de matières premières, la tirée du four, la vitesse d’enfournement du mélange de matières premières, et/ou la quantité de composés organiques ou combustibles carbonés sont simulées sous la forme d’un signal aléatoire, tel qu’un bruit blanc ou un bruit rose.
- le four comprend au moins une cuve équipée d’au moins un moyen de chauffage sous forme d’au moins un brûleur immergé ;
- la cuve est adaptée à la fusion d’un mélange de matières premières ;
ledit système comprend :
- au moins un dispositif de mesure de température, ledit un dispositif de mesure de température étant configuré pour la mesure continue de la température dudit mélange de matières premières en fusion ;
- au moins un dispositif d’asservissement configuré pour réguler la puissance dudit moyen de chauffage ; les paramètres de l’équation de transfert C(s) dudit dispositif d’asservissement étant calibrés à l’aide d’une méthode selon l’invention.
- une première cuve adaptée à la fusion d’un mélange de matières premières et équipée d’au moins un moyen de chauffage sous forme d’au moins un brûleur immergé,
- au moins un dispositif de mesure de température configuré pour la mesure continue de la température dudit mélange de matières premières en fusion ;
- au moins un dispositif d’asservissement configuré pour réguler la puissance dudit moyen de chauffage et pour recevoir au moins une mesure continue de la température à l’aide dudit dispositif de mesure de température ; les valeurs des paramètres de la fonction de transfert C(s) du dispositif d’asservissement étant fixées à partir de valeurs obtenues à l’aide d’une méthode de calibration selon l’invention.
- le four est tel que le moyen de chauffage est un brûleur immergé oxygène / air -carburant et le dispositif d’asservissement est en outre configuré pour réguler la puissance dudit brûleur immergé en ajustant le débit de carburant injecté dans ledit brûleur en conservant un rapport débit d’oxygène sur débit de carburant constant ;
- des silos 1001 pour stoker les matières premières 1001a, par exemple des composés minéraux et/ou du calcin ;
- un four 1002 de fusion de verre ou de roche pour fondre les matières premières 1001a ;
- un convoyeur 1003 pour transporter les matières premières 1001a depuis les silos 1001 jusqu’au four 1002 ;
- un ou plusieurs outils de fibrage 1005a, 1005b, 1005c alimentés en verre ou en roche en fusion 1006 ;
- un canal 1004 ouvert ou fermé d’alimentation pourvu d'ouvertures situées juste au-dessus de chaque outil de fibrage 1005a, 1005b, 1005c pour les alimenter en verre ou en roche en fusion 1006.
- ledit four 1002 comprend au moins une cuve 2001 équipée d’au moins un moyen de chauffage 2002a-c, de préférence sous forme d’au moins un brûleur immergé, et au moins un dispositif 2010 d’asservissement configuré pour réguler la puissance dudit moyen de chauffage 2002a-c ;
- ladite cuve 2001 est adaptée à la fusion 2004 d’un mélange 1001a de matières premières ;
- ledit cuve 2001 comprend au moins un dispositif 2009 de mesure de température;
- ledit dispositif 2009 de mesure de température est configuré pour la mesure continue de la température dudit mélange 1001a de matières premières en fusion 2004, et connecté audit dispositif d’asservissement 2010 ;
ladite méthode 3000 comprend les étapes suivantes :
(a) l’introduction 3001 continue d’un mélange 1001a de matières premières de composition donnée dans la cuve 2001 ;
(b) la mesure 3002 continue de la température du mélange 1001a de matières premières en fusion 2004 à l’aide du dispositif 2009 de mesure de température;
(c) la chauffe 3003 stationnaire du mélange 1001a de matières premières en fusion 2004 selon une température, Ti, donnée ;
(d) la modification 3004, pour une période donnée et limitée de temps, sans régulation active par le dispositif 2010 d’asservissement, d’au moins un paramètre de fonctionnement du four 1002 choisi parmi la teneur en humidité dans le mélange 1001a de matières premières, la tirée du four, la vitesse d’enfournement du mélange 1001a de matières premières, la puissance du moyen de chauffage 2002a-c, et/ou la quantité de composés organiques ou de combustibles carbonés dans le mélange 1001a de matières premières ;
(e) la mesure 3005 des variations temporelles de la température, ΔT, du mélange de matières premières 1001a en fusion 2004;
(f) la modélisation 3006, à l’aide d’un dispositif de traitement de données, du comportement thermique du four 1002 à l’aide d’une fonction H(s) de transfert de chaleur non-stationnaire avec, comme données d’entrée, les variations temporelles de la température, ΔT, du mélange 1001a de matières premières en fusion et du au moins un paramètre de fonctionnement modifié à l’étape (d) ;
(g) la modélisation 3007, à l’aide d’un dispositif de traitement de données, des paramètres de la fonction de transfert C(s) du dispositif d’asservissement 2010 appliquée à la fonction H(s) de transfert modélisée à l’étape (f).
- le four 1002 comprend au moins une cuve 2001 équipée d’au moins un moyen de chauffage 2002a-c sous forme d’au moins un brûleur immergé ;
- la cuve 2001 est adaptée à la fusion 2004 d’un mélange 1001a de matières premières ;
ledit système comprend :
- au moins un dispositif 2009 de mesure de température, ledit un dispositif 2009 de mesure de température étant configuré pour la mesure continue de la température dudit mélange 1001a de matières premières en fusion 2004 ;
- au moins un dispositif 2010 d’asservissement configuré pour réguler la puissance dudit moyen de chauffage 2002a-c ; les paramètres de l’équation de transfert C(s) dudit dispositif 2010 d’asservissement étant calibrés à l’aide d’une méthode selon l’un des quelconques modes de réalisation du premier aspect de l’invention.
- une première cuve 2001 adaptée à la fusion 2004 d’un mélange de matières premières et équipée d’au moins un moyen 2002a-c de chauffage sous forme d’au moins un brûleur immergé,
- au moins un dispositif 2009 de mesure de température pour la mesure continue de la température dudit mélange 1001a de matières premières en fusion 2004 ;
- au moins un dispositif 2010 d’asservissement configuré pour réguler la puissance dudit moyen 2002a-c de chauffage et pour recevoir au moins une mesure continue de la température à l’aide dudit un dispositif 2009 de mesure de température ; les valeurs des paramètres de la fonction de transfert C(s) du dispositif 2010 d’asservissement étant fixées à partir de valeurs obtenues à l’aide d’une méthode de calibration selon l’un des quelconques modes de réalisation du premier aspect de l’invention.
Claims (15)
- Méthode (3000) pour calibrer les paramètres d’un dispositif d’asservissement (2010) d’un four (1002), de préférence à combustion immergée, pour la fusion d’un mélange (1001a) de matières premières comprenant des déchets minéraux,
- ledit four (1002) comprend au moins une cuve (2001) équipée d’au moins un moyen de chauffage (2002a-c), de préférence sous forme d’au moins un brûleur immergé, et au moins un dispositif (2010) d’asservissement configuré pour réguler la puissance dudit moyen de chauffage (2002a-c) selon un température, T0, de consigne ;
- ladite cuve (2001) est adaptée à la fusion (2004) d’un mélange (1001a) de matières premières ;
- ledit cuve (2001) comprend au moins un dispositif (2009) de mesure de température;
- ledit dispositif (2009) de mesure de température est configuré pour la mesure continue de la température dudit mélange (1001a) de matières premières en fusion (2004), et connecté audit dispositif d’asservissement (2010) ;
ladite méthode (3000) comprend les étapes suivantes :
(a) l’introduction (3001) continue d’un mélange (1001a) de matières premières de composition donnée dans la cuve (2001) ;
(b) la mesure (3002) continue de la température du mélange (1001a) de matières premières en fusion (2004) à l’aide du dispositif (2009) de mesure de température ;
(c) la chauffe (3003) stationnaire du mélange (1001a) de matières premières en fusion (2004) selon une température, Ti, donnée ;
(d) la modification (3004), pour une période donnée et limitée de temps, sans régulation active par le dispositif (2010) d’asservissement, d’au moins un paramètre de fonctionnement du four (1002) choisi parmi la teneur en humidité dans le mélange (1001a) de matières premières, la tirée du four, la vitesse d’enfournement du mélange (1001a) de matières premières, la puissance du moyen de chauffage (2002a-c), et/ou la quantité de composés organiques ou combustibles carbonés dans le mélange (1001a) de matières premières ;
(e) le mesure (3005) des variations temporelles de la température, ΔT, du mélange de matières premières (1001a) en fusion (2004) et de la puissance ΔP du moyen de chauffage (2002a-c) ;
(f) la modélisation (3006), à l’aide d’un dispositif de traitement de données, du comportement thermique du four (1002) à l’aide d’une fonction H(s) de transfert de chaleur non-stationnaire avec, comme données d’entrée, les variations temporelles de la température ΔT du mélange (1001a) de matières premières en fusion et du au moins un paramètre de fonctionnement modifié à l’étape (d) ;
(g) la modélisation (3007), à l’aide d’un dispositif de traitement de données, des paramètres de la fonction de transfert C(s) du dispositif d’asservissement (2010) appliquée à la fonction H(s) de transfert modélisée à l’étape (f). - Méthode (3000) selon la revendication 1, telle que la fonction H(s) de transfert de chaleur non-stationnaire est modélisée à l’aide d’une fonction de transfert de réponse de premier ordre avec ou sans temps mort.
- Méthode (3000) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 2, telle que, à l’étape (d), au moins deux paramètres, de préférence trois paramètres, sont modifiés séquentiellement ou parallèlement.
- Méthode (3000) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, telle que, à l’étape (d), la teneur en humidité dans le mélange (1001a) de matières premières est modifiée de sorte que la variation de la teneur en humidité dudit mélange est comprise entre 0 et 10 %, et/ou la tirée du four est modifiée de sorte que la variation relative de ladite tirée est comprise entre 0 et 2000kg/h.
- Méthode (3000) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, telle que, à l’étape (d), la quantité de composés organiques ou combustibles carbonés dans le mélange (1001a) de matières premières est modifiée de sorte que la variation relative de ladite quantité de composés organiques ou combustibles carbonés est comprise entre 0 et 15% en poids, de préférence entre 0 et 10% en poids.
- Méthode (3000) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, telle que, à l’étape (d), la puissance du moyen de chauffage (2002a-c) est modifiée de sorte que la variation relative de ladite puissance par rapport à la puissance initiale est entre 0 et 100%, de préférence 0 et 50%, voire entre 0 et 25%.
- Méthode (3000) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, telle que le dispositif (2010) d’asservissement est un régulateur Proportionnel – Intégral – Dérivé (PID).
- Méthode (3000) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, telle que, à l’étape (g), la fonction H(s) de transfert du four (1002) prend en outre, en données d’entrées, un ensemble de valeurs simulées, I(s), des variations de la teneur en humidité dans le mélange (1001a) de matières premières, la tirée du four, la vitesse d’enfournement du mélange (1001a) de matières premières, la quantité de composés organiques ou combustibles carbonés et/ou la valeur de la température, T0, de consigne.
- Méthode (3000) selon la revendication 8, telle que les valeurs de la teneur en humidité dans le mélange (1001a) de matières premières, la tirée du four, la vitesse d’enfournement du mélange (1001a) de matières premières, et/ou la quantité de composés organiques ou combustibles carbonés sont simulées sous la forme d’un signal aléatoire, tel qu’un bruit blanc ou un bruit rose.
- Utilisation d’une méthode (3000) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9 pour la calibration d’un dispositif (2010) d’asservissement d’un four (1002), de préférence à combustion immergée, pour la fusion d’un mélange (1001a) de matières premières comprenant des déchets minéraux.
- Système pour calibrer les paramètres d’un dispositif d’asservissement (2010) d’un four (1002), de préférence à combustion immergée, pour la fusion d’un mélange (1001a) de matière premières comprenant des déchets minéraux,
- le four (1002) comprend au moins une cuve (2001) équipée d’au moins un moyen de chauffage (2002a-c) sous forme d’au moins un brûleur immergé ;
- la cuve (2001) est adaptée à la fusion (2004) d’un mélange (1001a) de matières premières ;
ledit système comprend :
- au moins un dispositif (2009) de mesure de température, ledit un dispositif (2009) de mesure de température étant configuré pour la mesure continue de la température dudit mélange (1001a) de matières premières en fusion (2004) ;
- au moins un dispositif (2010) d’asservissement configuré pour réguler la puissance dudit moyen de chauffage (2002a-c) ; les paramètres de l’équation de transfert C(s) dudit dispositif (2010) d’asservissement étant calibrés à l’aide d’une méthode (3000) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9. - Four (1002), de préférence à combustion immergée, pour la fusion (2004) d’un mélange (1001a) de matières premières comprenant des déchets minéraux, ledit four (1002) comprend :
- une première cuve (2001) adaptée à la fusion (2004) d’un mélange de matières premières et équipée d’au moins un moyen (2002a-c) de chauffage sous forme d’au moins un brûleur immergé,
- au moins un dispositif (2009) de mesure de température configuré pour la mesure continue de la température dudit mélange (1001a) de matières premières en fusion (2004) ;
- au moins un dispositif (2010) d’asservissement configuré pour réguler la puissance dudit moyen (2002a-c) de chauffage et pour recevoir au moins une mesure continue de la température à l’aide dudit dispositif (2009) de mesure de température ; les valeurs des paramètres de la fonction de transfert C(s) du dispositif (2010) d’asservissement étant fixées à partir de valeurs obtenues à l’aide d’une méthode (3000) de calibration selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9. - Four (1002) selon la revendication 12, tel que le moyen (2002a-c) de chauffage est un brûleur immergé oxygène / air -carburant et le dispositif d’asservissement est en outre configuré pour réguler la puissance dudit brûleur immergé en ajustant le débit de carburant injecté dans ledit brûleur en conservant un rapport débit d’oxygène sur débit de carburant constant.
- Four selon l’une revendication 12, tel que le moyen (2002a-c) de chauffage est un brûleur immergé oxygène / air - carburant et le dispositif (2010) d’asservissement est en outre configuré pour injecter de l’oxygène ou de l’air selon un débit total constant d’oxygène ou d’air dans ledit brûleur et dans un bouillonneur, et selon un rapport débit d’oxygène ou d’air sur débit de carburant constant dans le brûleur lorsque la puissance du brûleur immergé varie.
- Installation pour la fabrication de fibres minérales comprenant un four (1002) à combustion immergée selon l’une quelconque des revendications 12 à 14.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202480048454.8A CN121548715A (zh) | 2023-05-23 | 2024-05-21 | 用于校准炉的自动控制装置的参数的方法和系统 |
| AU2024277841A AU2024277841A1 (en) | 2023-05-23 | 2024-05-21 | Method and system for calibrating the parameters of a device for automatically controlling a furnace |
| EP24728552.1A EP4716815A1 (fr) | 2023-05-23 | 2024-05-21 | Méthode et système pour calibrer les paramètres d'un dispositif d'asservissement d'un four |
| KR1020257042739A KR20260014622A (ko) | 2023-05-23 | 2024-05-21 | 노를 자동으로 제어하기 위한 장치의 파라미터를 교정하기 위한 방법 및 시스템 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FRFR2305081 | 2023-05-23 | ||
| FR2305081A FR3149005B1 (fr) | 2023-05-23 | 2023-05-23 | Méthode et système pour calibrer les paramètres d’un dispositif d’asservissement d’un four |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| WO2024240751A1 true WO2024240751A1 (fr) | 2024-11-28 |
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| Country | Link |
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| EP (1) | EP4716815A1 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20260014622A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN121548715A (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU2024277841A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3149005B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2024240751A1 (fr) |
Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US351413A (en) | 1886-10-26 | Art of making glass and vitreous or porcelaneous products | ||
| US1656828A (en) | 1927-01-05 | 1928-01-17 | Edward R Powell | Method of and apparatus for producing rock wool |
| DE651687C (de) | 1936-01-16 | 1937-10-18 | Glashuette Achern A G | Schmelzofen, insbesondere fuer Glas |
| FR876569A (fr) | 1939-02-18 | 1942-11-10 | Union Des Verreries Mecaniques | Procédé et appareil pour la fusion de verre et de produits analogues |
| GB1028481A (en) | 1964-04-27 | 1966-05-04 | Selas Corp Of America | Improvements in or relating to a method of melting glass and apparatus therefor |
| US4877449A (en) | 1987-07-22 | 1989-10-31 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Vertical shaft melting furnace and method of melting |
| WO2002048612A1 (fr) | 2000-12-15 | 2002-06-20 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Procede de destruction et/ou d'inertage de dechets |
| WO2006018582A1 (fr) | 2004-07-29 | 2006-02-23 | Saint-Gobain Isover | Procede et dispositif de traitement de dechets fibreux en vue de leur recyclage |
| WO2009091558A1 (fr) | 2008-01-18 | 2009-07-23 | Gas Technology Institute | Pot de fusion à combustion immergé |
| EP2433911A1 (fr) | 2010-09-23 | 2012-03-28 | Johns Manville | Procédés et appareil de recyclage de produits en verre utilisant une combustion submergée |
| US20160002084A1 (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2016-01-07 | Johns Manville | Submerged combustion melting processes for producing glass and similar materials, and systems for carrying out such processes |
| US20220034586A1 (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2022-02-03 | Sms Group Gmbh | Method for operating an electric arc furnace |
| WO2022180345A1 (fr) | 2021-02-26 | 2022-09-01 | Saint-Gobain Isover | Régulation de four |
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2023
- 2023-05-23 FR FR2305081A patent/FR3149005B1/fr active Active
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2024
- 2024-05-21 KR KR1020257042739A patent/KR20260014622A/ko active Pending
- 2024-05-21 AU AU2024277841A patent/AU2024277841A1/en active Pending
- 2024-05-21 WO PCT/EP2024/063930 patent/WO2024240751A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2024-05-21 CN CN202480048454.8A patent/CN121548715A/zh active Pending
- 2024-05-21 EP EP24728552.1A patent/EP4716815A1/fr active Pending
Patent Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US351413A (en) | 1886-10-26 | Art of making glass and vitreous or porcelaneous products | ||
| US1656828A (en) | 1927-01-05 | 1928-01-17 | Edward R Powell | Method of and apparatus for producing rock wool |
| DE651687C (de) | 1936-01-16 | 1937-10-18 | Glashuette Achern A G | Schmelzofen, insbesondere fuer Glas |
| FR876569A (fr) | 1939-02-18 | 1942-11-10 | Union Des Verreries Mecaniques | Procédé et appareil pour la fusion de verre et de produits analogues |
| GB1028481A (en) | 1964-04-27 | 1966-05-04 | Selas Corp Of America | Improvements in or relating to a method of melting glass and apparatus therefor |
| US4877449A (en) | 1987-07-22 | 1989-10-31 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Vertical shaft melting furnace and method of melting |
| WO2002048612A1 (fr) | 2000-12-15 | 2002-06-20 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Procede de destruction et/ou d'inertage de dechets |
| WO2006018582A1 (fr) | 2004-07-29 | 2006-02-23 | Saint-Gobain Isover | Procede et dispositif de traitement de dechets fibreux en vue de leur recyclage |
| WO2009091558A1 (fr) | 2008-01-18 | 2009-07-23 | Gas Technology Institute | Pot de fusion à combustion immergé |
| EP2433911A1 (fr) | 2010-09-23 | 2012-03-28 | Johns Manville | Procédés et appareil de recyclage de produits en verre utilisant une combustion submergée |
| US20160002084A1 (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2016-01-07 | Johns Manville | Submerged combustion melting processes for producing glass and similar materials, and systems for carrying out such processes |
| US20220034586A1 (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2022-02-03 | Sms Group Gmbh | Method for operating an electric arc furnace |
| WO2022180345A1 (fr) | 2021-02-26 | 2022-09-01 | Saint-Gobain Isover | Régulation de four |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3149005A1 (fr) | 2024-11-29 |
| CN121548715A (zh) | 2026-02-17 |
| EP4716815A1 (fr) | 2026-04-01 |
| AU2024277841A1 (en) | 2025-12-04 |
| FR3149005B1 (fr) | 2025-12-19 |
| KR20260014622A (ko) | 2026-01-30 |
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