WO2024239967A1 - Sunshade system capable of independently adjusting thermal insulation performance and sunshade performance and control method therefor - Google Patents
Sunshade system capable of independently adjusting thermal insulation performance and sunshade performance and control method therefor Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024239967A1 WO2024239967A1 PCT/CN2024/091978 CN2024091978W WO2024239967A1 WO 2024239967 A1 WO2024239967 A1 WO 2024239967A1 CN 2024091978 W CN2024091978 W CN 2024091978W WO 2024239967 A1 WO2024239967 A1 WO 2024239967A1
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- sunshade
- glass
- film
- solar radiation
- shading
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/30—Coverings, e.g. protecting against weather, for decorative purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/677—Evacuating or filling the gap between the panes ; Equilibration of inside and outside pressure; Preventing condensation in the gap between the panes; Cleaning the gap between the panes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
- E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
- E06B5/16—Fireproof doors or similar closures; Adaptations of fixed constructions therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
- E06B7/28—Other arrangements on doors or windows, e.g. door-plates, windows adapted to carry plants, hooks for window cleaners
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
- E06B9/40—Roller blinds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
- E06B9/40—Roller blinds
- E06B9/42—Parts or details of roller blinds, e.g. suspension devices, blind boxes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
- E06B9/40—Roller blinds
- E06B9/42—Parts or details of roller blinds, e.g. suspension devices, blind boxes
- E06B9/44—Rollers therefor; Fastening roller blinds to rollers
Definitions
- energy-saving glass such as Low-E glass is widely used. Although it reduces the air-conditioning energy consumption of buildings in summer, it cannot adjust its thermal insulation and sun-shading properties, which deteriorates the indoor passive heating and natural lighting effects in winter.
- the central processing unit determines the running time according to the timer, determines the working time of the system according to the clock module, and compares the working time with the set working time;
- the central processor receives signals from the solar radiation sensor and the temperature sensor, and extracts the external window geometric parameters based on the detection values of the solar radiation sensor and the temperature sensor, calls the shading area ratio prediction model to calculate the target opening degree H1 of the film at the corresponding moment, and adjusts the actual degree of expansion of the film based on the target opening degree H1 of the film;
- the central processor outputs a signal to the motor shaft to control the film to fully unfold downward, so that a stable air conditioning layer is formed between the film and the glass, increasing its thermal resistance to keep warm.
- the central processor outputs a signal to the motor shaft to control the film to be fully retracted upwards, reducing its thermal resistance to dissipate heat;
- steps S1 to S3 are repeated.
- A2 Set up a shading system with independently adjustable insulation and shading functions for the exterior windows and curtain walls of a typical building model, generate N kinds of shading area ratios SR by adjusting the parameters of the shading system, and perform batch energy consumption simulation for N kinds of working conditions;
- A3. Write a program to automatically obtain the annual hourly building energy consumption E, indoor glare index DGI and outdoor environmental parameters generated after simulating N working conditions, and use DGI less than 19 and minimum E as evaluation indicators to screen out the best hourly SR;
- the outdoor air comprehensive temperature Tsa has the following relationship with the outdoor solar radiation I and the outdoor air temperature Ta :
- the shading area ratio prediction model uses the outdoor air comprehensive temperature T sa as an independent variable, and the shading area ratio prediction model has different expressions in different thermal zones:
- the CPU If ⁇ H>0, the CPU outputs a signal to the motor to control the film to be rolled up, and the film opening is ⁇ H;
- the central processing unit If ⁇ H ⁇ 0, the central processing unit outputs a signal to the motor to control the roll film to unfold downward, and the roll film opening is - ⁇ H.
- the roll film reflects incident solar radiation with the same spectrum, and the transmittance at a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm is ⁇ 70%.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the indoor thermal environment test results of a sunshade system with independently adjustable heat preservation and sunshade functions according to the present invention.
- a sunshade system with independently adjustable heat preservation and sunshade functions for realizing the above-mentioned control method comprises a glass system, a window frame, a sunshade mechanism and a monitoring mechanism, wherein the glass system is installed on the window frame;
- the sunshade mechanism comprises a motor, a roll film, a guide rail, a heavy-duty lower beam and a bottom seal, wherein the motor is installed on the top of the glass system through a motor buckle cover, the roll film is connected to the motor, the lower end of the roll film is connected to the heavy-duty lower beam, the two sides of the guide rail glass system, the two ends of the heavy-duty lower beam are respectively connected to the corresponding guide rails, one end of the bottom seal is connected to the lower end of the roll film, and the other end of the bottom seal is slidably connected to the surface of the glass system; edge shading grooves are provided at both ends of the glass system, and the edge shading grooves, the glass system, the roll film and the bottom
- the roll film reflects incident solar radiation with the same spectrum, and the transmittance at wavelengths of 380 to 780 nm is ⁇ 70%.
- the roll film has the following advantages when used in this setting: 1. It reflects incident solar radiation with the same spectrum, which reduces the solar radiation heat entering the room on the one hand, and on the other hand, because the roll film absorbs less solar radiation heat, less heat enters the room through secondary heat transfer; 2.
- the transmittance near the wavelength of 555 nm is ⁇ 70%, which helps to introduce visible light into the room, making full use of natural lighting, thereby reducing lighting energy consumption; 3.
- the use of roll film is lighter and more convenient, lower cost, more beautiful, and has higher overall thermal performance.
- the shading system with independently adjustable thermal insulation and sunshading performance makes the glass system only undertake the thermal insulation task as much as possible, without having both thermal insulation and sunshading functions at the same time; the sunshade task is undertaken by the shading mechanism, thereby achieving independent adjustment of the thermal insulation and sunshading performances, meeting the needs of the building, and reducing the manufacturing cost.
- the central processing unit If ⁇ H ⁇ 0, the central processing unit outputs a signal to the motor to control the roll film to unfold downward, and the roll film opening is - ⁇ H.
- the central processor outputs a signal to the motor shaft to control the film to fully unfold downward, so that a stable air conditioning layer is formed between the film and the glass, increasing its thermal resistance to keep warm.
- the central processor outputs a signal to the motor shaft to control the film to be fully retracted upwards, reducing its thermal resistance to dissipate heat;
- steps S1 to S3 are repeated.
- A2 Set up a shading system with independently adjustable insulation and shading functions for the exterior windows and curtain walls of a typical building model, generate N kinds of shading area ratios SR by adjusting the parameters of the shading system, and perform batch energy consumption simulation for N kinds of working conditions;
- A3. Write a program to automatically obtain the hourly building energy consumption E, indoor glare index DGI and outdoor environmental parameters for the whole year (i.e. 365 ⁇ 24 hours) generated after simulating N working conditions, and use DGI less than 19 and minimum E as evaluation indicators to screen out the best hourly SR;
- ⁇ s is the absorption coefficient of the outer surface of the enclosure structure to solar radiation heat
- ⁇ e is the total heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface of the enclosure structure, W/( m2 ⁇ K).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Operating, Guiding And Securing Of Roll- Type Closing Members (AREA)
- Blinds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本发明涉及遮阳装置技术，具体涉及一种保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳系统及其控制方法。The invention relates to sunshade device technology, and in particular to a sunshade system with independently adjustable heat preservation and sunshade functions and a control method thereof.
研究表明，通过外窗的热损失占围护结构总热损失的40％～50％，是建筑整体传热的薄弱环节。在夏季，太阳辐射透过外窗进入室内，使得室内升温从而导致热环境恶化并且空调能耗攀升。Studies have shown that heat loss through external windows accounts for 40% to 50% of the total heat loss of the building envelope, which is the weak link in the overall heat transfer of the building. In summer, solar radiation enters the room through the external windows, causing the indoor temperature to rise, resulting in a deterioration of the thermal environment and an increase in air conditioning energy consumption.
目前，Low-E玻璃等节能玻璃大量应用，虽然降低了建筑夏季的空调能耗，但是由于其无法调节其保温与遮阳性能，在冬季恶化了室内被动采暖和天然采光效果。At present, energy-saving glass such as Low-E glass is widely used. Although it reduces the air-conditioning energy consumption of buildings in summer, it cannot adjust its thermal insulation and sun-shading properties, which deteriorates the indoor passive heating and natural lighting effects in winter.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是为了克服以上现有技术存在的不足，提供了一种保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳系统的控制方法。此保温与遮阳性能独立调节的控制方法可实现外窗光热性能的动态调节，保障了建筑室内的热环境和采光效果，且还降低了能耗。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above existing technologies and provide a control method for a sunshade system with independent adjustment of heat preservation and sunshade performance. This control method with independent adjustment of heat preservation and sunshade performance can realize dynamic adjustment of the light and heat performance of the exterior window, ensure the thermal environment and lighting effect of the building interior, and also reduce energy consumption.
同时，本发明的另一目的是提供了一种保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳系统。At the same time, another object of the present invention is to provide a sunshade system in which the heat preservation and sunshade functions can be adjusted independently.
本发明的目的通过以下的技术方案实现：本保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳系统的控制方法，包括以下步骤：The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: The control method of the sunshade system with independently adjustable heat preservation and sunshade functions comprises the following steps:
S1、中央处理器根据计时器确定运行时长，并根据时钟模块确定系统的工作时间，将工作时间与设定的上班时间进行对比；S1, the central processing unit determines the running time according to the timer, determines the working time of the system according to the clock module, and compares the working time with the set working time;
S2、若系统的工作时间处于上班时间，中央处理器接收来自太阳辐射传感器和温度传感器的信号，并根据太阳辐射传感器和温度传感器的检测数值，同时提取外窗几何参数，调用遮阳面积比预测模型计算对应时刻的卷膜目标开度H1，并根据卷膜目标开度H1以调整卷膜的实际展开程度；S2. If the system is working during office hours, the central processor receives signals from the solar radiation sensor and the temperature sensor, and extracts the external window geometric parameters based on the detection values of the solar radiation sensor and the temperature sensor, calls the shading area ratio prediction model to calculate the target opening degree H1 of the film at the corresponding moment, and adjusts the actual degree of expansion of the film based on the target opening degree H1 of the film;
S3、若系统的工作时间不处于上班时间，则判断工作时间是否处于采暖季：S3. If the system's working time is not during working hours, determine whether the working time is during the heating season:
若工作时间处于采暖季，则说明建筑夜间有保温需求，中央处理器输出信号至电机转轴，控制卷膜向下完全展开，使卷膜与玻璃之间形成稳定的调节空气层，增大其热阻以保温；If the working time is in the heating season, it means that the building needs to be kept warm at night. The central processor outputs a signal to the motor shaft to control the film to fully unfold downward, so that a stable air conditioning layer is formed between the film and the glass, increasing its thermal resistance to keep warm.
若工作时间不处于采暖季，则说明建筑夜间有散热需求，中央处理器输出信号至电机转轴，控制卷膜向上完全收起，降低其热阻以散热；If the working time is not in the heating season, it means that the building has a need for heat dissipation at night. The central processor outputs a signal to the motor shaft to control the film to be fully retracted upwards, reducing its thermal resistance to dissipate heat;
S4、计时器经过设定步长后，重复步骤S1～S3。S4. After the timer reaches the set step length, steps S1 to S3 are repeated.
遮阳面积比预测模型的建立过程如下：The process of establishing the shading area ratio prediction model is as follows:
A1、在能耗模拟软件中建立各热工分区对应的典型建筑模型，并输入对应的气象数据；A1. Establish typical building models corresponding to each thermal zone in the energy consumption simulation software and input corresponding meteorological data;
A2、为典型建筑模型的外窗与幕墙设置保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳系统，通过调整遮阳系统的参数产生N种遮阳面积比例SR，并对N种工况进行批量能耗模拟； A2. Set up a shading system with independently adjustable insulation and shading functions for the exterior windows and curtain walls of a typical building model, generate N kinds of shading area ratios SR by adjusting the parameters of the shading system, and perform batch energy consumption simulation for N kinds of working conditions;
A3、编写程序自动获取N种工况模拟后生成的全年逐时建筑能耗E、室内眩光指数DGI和室外环境参数，并以DGI小于19且E最小为评价指标，筛选出逐时最佳的SR；A3. Write a program to automatically obtain the annual hourly building energy consumption E, indoor glare index DGI and outdoor environmental parameters generated after simulating N working conditions, and use DGI less than 19 and minimum E as evaluation indicators to screen out the best hourly SR;
A4、针对每个热工分区，基于筛选出来的8760组数据，通过非线性回归方法建立SR与室外空气温度Ta的数学关系式，从而得到不同热工分区对应的遮阳面积比预测模型。A4. For each thermal zone, based on the 8760 sets of data screened out, the mathematical relationship between SR and outdoor air temperature Ta was established through nonlinear regression method, so as to obtain the shading area ratio prediction model corresponding to different thermal zones.
优选的，室外空气综合温度Tsa与室外太阳辐射I和室外空气温度Ta存在以下关系：
Preferably, the outdoor air comprehensive temperature Tsa has the following relationship with the outdoor solar radiation I and the outdoor air temperature Ta :
式中ρs为围护结构外表面对太阳辐射热的吸收系数，αe为围护结构外表面总换热系数，W/(m2·K)。Where ρs is the absorption coefficient of the outer surface of the enclosure structure to solar radiation heat, and αe is the total heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface of the enclosure structure, W/( m2 ·K).
优选的，所述遮阳面积比预测模型以室外空气综合温度Tsa为自变量，所述遮阳面积比预测模型在不同热工分区具有不同的表态式：Preferably, the shading area ratio prediction model uses the outdoor air comprehensive temperature T sa as an independent variable, and the shading area ratio prediction model has different expressions in different thermal zones:
在温和地区，表达式为：
In temperate regions, the expression is:
在夏热冬暖地区，表达式为：In hot summer and warm winter areas, the expression is:
SR≥70％(Tsa≥34℃)，SR ≥ 70% (T sa ≥ 34°C),
在夏热冬冷地区，表达式为：
In hot summer and cold winter regions, the expression is:
在寒冷地区，遮阳装置位于东南西向时，表达式为：
In cold regions, when the sunshade device is located in the southeast and west directions, the expression is:
在寒冷地区，遮阳装置位于北向时，表达式为：
In cold regions, when the shading device is located in the north direction, the expression is:
优选的，步骤S2中根据卷膜目标开度H1以调整卷膜的实际展开程度包括以下具体过程：Preferably, in step S2, adjusting the actual unfolding degree of the roll film according to the roll film target opening H1 includes the following specific processes:
系统中的位移传感器检测卷膜实际开度H2，并将信号传给中央处理器，中央处理器计算卷膜开度差ΔH＝H2-H1；The displacement sensor in the system detects the actual opening of the roll film H 2 and transmits the signal to the central processor, which calculates the roll film opening difference ΔH = H 2 -H 1 ;
若ΔH＞0，则中央处理器输出信号至电机，控制卷膜向上收起，卷膜收起开度为ΔH；If ΔH＞0, the CPU outputs a signal to the motor to control the film to be rolled up, and the film opening is ΔH;
若ΔH＝0，则说明卷膜此时开度满足要求，无需动作；If ΔH = 0, it means that the film opening meets the requirements and no action is required;
若ΔH＜0，则中央处理器输出信号至电机，控制卷膜向下展开，卷膜开度为-ΔH。If ΔH＜0, the central processing unit outputs a signal to the motor to control the roll film to unfold downward, and the roll film opening is -ΔH.
实现上述的控制方法的保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳系统，包括玻璃系统、窗框、遮阳机构和监控机构，所述玻璃系统安装于窗框；所述遮阳机构包括电机、卷膜、导轨、重型下梁和底部封口，所述电机通过电机扣盖安装于玻璃系统的上方，所述卷膜与电机连接，所述卷膜的下端与重型下梁连接，所述导轨玻璃系统的两侧，所述重型下梁的两端分别与相应的导轨连接，所述底部封口的一端与卷膜的下端连接，所述底部封口的另一端与玻璃系统的表面滑动连接；所述玻璃系统的两端设有边缘遮光槽，此边缘遮光槽、玻璃系统、卷膜和底部封口形成调节空气层； A sunshade system with independently adjustable heat preservation and sunshade functions for realizing the above control method comprises a glass system, a window frame, a sunshade mechanism and a monitoring mechanism, wherein the glass system is installed on the window frame; the sunshade mechanism comprises a motor, a roll film, a guide rail, a heavy-duty lower beam and a bottom seal, wherein the motor is installed on the top of the glass system through a motor buckle cover, the roll film is connected to the motor, the lower end of the roll film is connected to the heavy-duty lower beam, both sides of the guide rail glass system and the two ends of the heavy-duty lower beam are respectively connected to the corresponding guide rails, one end of the bottom seal is connected to the lower end of the roll film, and the other end of the bottom seal is slidably connected to the surface of the glass system; edge shading grooves are provided at both ends of the glass system, and the edge shading grooves, the glass system, the roll film and the bottom seal form a regulating air layer;
优选的，所述监控机构包括太阳辐射传感器、室外空气温度传感器、位移传感器和中央处理器，所述太阳辐射传感器和室外空气温度传感器均安装于玻璃系统的外侧，所述位移传感器安装于重型下梁，所述太阳辐射传感器、室外空气温度传感器、位移传感器和电机均与中央处理器连接。Preferably, the monitoring mechanism includes a solar radiation sensor, an outdoor air temperature sensor, a displacement sensor and a central processing unit, the solar radiation sensor and the outdoor air temperature sensor are both installed on the outside of the glass system, the displacement sensor is installed on the heavy lower beam, and the solar radiation sensor, the outdoor air temperature sensor, the displacement sensor and the motor are all connected to the central processing unit.
优选的，所述卷膜对入射的太阳辐射进行同光谱反射，并且在波长380～780nm的透射比≥70％。Preferably, the roll film reflects incident solar radiation with the same spectrum, and the transmittance at a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm is ≥ 70%.
优选的，所述玻璃系统包括第一玻璃、第二玻璃和高透薄膜，所述第一玻璃和第二玻璃形成封闭空气层，所述高透薄膜设置于封闭空气层内以将封闭空气层分隔形成两个独立封闭空气层。Preferably, the glass system includes a first glass, a second glass and a high-transmittance film, the first glass and the second glass form a closed air layer, and the high-transmittance film is arranged in the closed air layer to separate the closed air layer into two independent closed air layers.
优选的，所述封闭空气层填充惰性气体或进行抽真空处理。Preferably, the closed air layer is filled with an inert gas or is vacuumed.
优选的，所述第一玻璃和第二玻璃均采用超白玻璃。Preferably, the first glass and the second glass are both ultra-white glass.
本发明相对于现有技术具有如下的优点：The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
1、本发明的保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳装置可实现外窗光热性能的动态调节，保障建筑室内全年的热环境与采光效果，并降低建筑空调与采暖能耗。1. The sunshade device with independently adjustable heat preservation and sunshade performance of the present invention can realize dynamic adjustment of the light and heat performance of the exterior window, ensure the thermal environment and lighting effect of the building interior throughout the year, and reduce the energy consumption of building air conditioning and heating.
2、本发明的控制方法以建筑能耗最低和室内眩光为指标，建立了遮阳面积比与室外气象条件的预测模型，可最大限度改善室内的热环境与光环境，并保证建筑能源消耗最少。2. The control method of the present invention takes the lowest building energy consumption and indoor glare as indicators, establishes a prediction model of shading area ratio and outdoor meteorological conditions, which can maximize the improvement of indoor thermal and light environments and ensure the lowest building energy consumption.
图1是本发明的保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳系统的结构示意图。FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a sunshade system of the present invention in which heat preservation and sunshade functions can be adjusted independently.
图2是本发明的保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳系统的侧视图。FIG. 2 is a side view of the sunshade system of the present invention in which the heat preservation and sunshade functions can be adjusted independently.
图3是本发明的玻璃系统的示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a glass system of the present invention.
图4是采用本发明的保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳系统的室内热环境测试结果图。FIG. 4 is a graph showing the indoor thermal environment test results of a sunshade system with independently adjustable heat preservation and sunshade functions according to the present invention.
图5是本发明的控制方法的逻辑框图。FIG5 is a logic block diagram of the control method of the present invention.
图6是采用本发明的控制方法应用节能效果图。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the energy-saving effect of applying the control method of the present invention.
其中，1为玻璃系统，2为窗框，3为遮阳机构，4为电机，5为卷膜，6为导轨，7为重型下梁，8为底部封口，9为电机扣盖，10为边缘光槽，11为调节空气层，12为第一玻璃，13为第二玻璃，14为高透薄膜，15为封闭空气层。Among them, 1 is the glass system, 2 is the window frame, 3 is the sunshade mechanism, 4 is the motor, 5 is the roll film, 6 is the guide rail, 7 is the heavy bottom beam, 8 is the bottom seal, 9 is the motor buckle cover, 10 is the edge light groove, 11 is the regulating air layer, 12 is the first glass, 13 is the second glass, 14 is the high-transmittance film, and 15 is the closed air layer.
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
如图1至图3所示的实现上述的控制方法的保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳系统，包括玻璃系统、窗框、遮阳机构和监控机构，所述玻璃系统安装于窗框；所述遮阳机构包括电机、卷膜、导轨、重型下梁和底部封口，所述电机通过电机扣盖安装于玻璃系统的上方，所述卷膜与电机连接，所述卷膜的下端与重型下梁连接，所述导轨玻璃系统的两侧，所述重型下梁的两端分别与相应的导轨连接，所述底部封口的一端与卷膜的下端连接，所述底部封口的另一端与玻璃系统的表面滑动连接；所述玻璃系统的两端设有边缘遮光槽，此边缘遮光槽、玻璃系统、卷膜和底部封口形成调节空气层；所述监控机构包括太阳辐射传感器、室 外空气温度传感器、位移传感器和中央处理器，所述太阳辐射传感器和室外空气温度传感器均安装于玻璃系统的外侧，所述位移传感器安装于重型下梁，所述太阳辐射传感器、室外空气温度传感器、位移传感器和电机均与中央处理器连接。As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a sunshade system with independently adjustable heat preservation and sunshade functions for realizing the above-mentioned control method comprises a glass system, a window frame, a sunshade mechanism and a monitoring mechanism, wherein the glass system is installed on the window frame; the sunshade mechanism comprises a motor, a roll film, a guide rail, a heavy-duty lower beam and a bottom seal, wherein the motor is installed on the top of the glass system through a motor buckle cover, the roll film is connected to the motor, the lower end of the roll film is connected to the heavy-duty lower beam, the two sides of the guide rail glass system, the two ends of the heavy-duty lower beam are respectively connected to the corresponding guide rails, one end of the bottom seal is connected to the lower end of the roll film, and the other end of the bottom seal is slidably connected to the surface of the glass system; edge shading grooves are provided at both ends of the glass system, and the edge shading grooves, the glass system, the roll film and the bottom seal form an adjusted air layer; the monitoring mechanism comprises a solar radiation sensor, a room temperature ... An outdoor air temperature sensor, a displacement sensor and a central processing unit, wherein the solar radiation sensor and the outdoor air temperature sensor are both installed on the outside of the glass system, the displacement sensor is installed on the heavy lower beam, and the solar radiation sensor, the outdoor air temperature sensor, the displacement sensor and the motor are all connected to the central processing unit.
具体的，监控机构中的太阳辐射传感器和室外空气温度传感器实时采集室外的太阳辐射数据及空气温度数据，并将数据输送给中央处理器，中央处理器基于遮阳面积比预测模型，并根据太阳辐射传感器和温度传感器的检测数值，同时提取外窗几何参数，以确定卷膜展开目标程度；再与位移传感器检测到实际展开程度进行对比，最终向电机发出控制指令，使卷膜上下调节至实际展开程度与目标展开程度一致。Specifically, the solar radiation sensor and outdoor air temperature sensor in the monitoring mechanism collect outdoor solar radiation data and air temperature data in real time, and transmit the data to the central processing unit. The central processing unit extracts the external window geometric parameters based on the shading area ratio prediction model and the detection values of the solar radiation sensor and the temperature sensor to determine the target degree of expansion of the roll film; then compares it with the actual expansion degree detected by the displacement sensor, and finally sends a control command to the motor to adjust the roll film up and down until the actual expansion degree is consistent with the target expansion degree.
为保证玻璃系统的工作可靠性，本实施例中的窗框采用高性能型材制成(如玻纤增强聚酯型材或断桥铝合金型材)，即令窗框与玻璃系统的热工性能匹配，避免两者之间的热桥对整窗性能产生负面效果。To ensure the working reliability of the glass system, the window frame in this embodiment is made of high-performance profiles (such as glass fiber reinforced polyester profiles or thermally-insulated aluminum alloy profiles), so that the thermal performance of the window frame matches that of the glass system, avoiding the negative effects of the thermal bridge between the two on the performance of the entire window.
所述卷膜对入射的太阳辐射进行同光谱反射，并且在波长380～780nm的透射比≥70％。卷膜采用此设置具有以下优点：1、对入射的太阳辐射进行同光谱反射，一方面减少进入室内的太阳辐射热，另一方面由于卷膜吸收的太阳辐射热量少，通过二次传热进入室内的热量也少；2、在波长555nm附近的透射比≥70％，有助于将可见光引入室内，充分利用天然采光，从而降低照明能耗；3、相较于传统窗帘，使用卷膜更为轻质方便、成本更低且美观性更强，并且整体热工性能更高。The roll film reflects incident solar radiation with the same spectrum, and the transmittance at wavelengths of 380 to 780 nm is ≥70%. The roll film has the following advantages when used in this setting: 1. It reflects incident solar radiation with the same spectrum, which reduces the solar radiation heat entering the room on the one hand, and on the other hand, because the roll film absorbs less solar radiation heat, less heat enters the room through secondary heat transfer; 2. The transmittance near the wavelength of 555 nm is ≥70%, which helps to introduce visible light into the room, making full use of natural lighting, thereby reducing lighting energy consumption; 3. Compared with traditional curtains, the use of roll film is lighter and more convenient, lower cost, more beautiful, and has higher overall thermal performance.
而本实施例的卷膜采用低辐射反射卷膜(如Galy系列镀银膜)，在夏季遮挡部分或全部玻璃系统，从而降低整窗的太阳得热系数(SHGC)，减少进入室内的太阳辐射热量。此外，利用低辐射卷膜与玻璃系统之间形成的调节空气层，进一步提高整体的保温性能，以满足冬季时的需求。The roll film of this embodiment uses a low-e reflective roll film (such as Galy series silver-coated film) to block part or all of the glass system in summer, thereby reducing the solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) of the entire window and reducing the solar radiation heat entering the room. In addition, the air conditioning layer formed between the low-e roll film and the glass system further improves the overall thermal insulation performance to meet the needs in winter.
本保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳系统尽量使玻璃系统仅承担保温任务，而不同时兼具保温与遮阳功能；遮阳任务由遮阳机构承担，从而实现保温与遮阳性能的独立调节，满足建筑的需求，同时还降低了制造成本。The shading system with independently adjustable thermal insulation and sunshading performance makes the glass system only undertake the thermal insulation task as much as possible, without having both thermal insulation and sunshading functions at the same time; the sunshade task is undertaken by the shading mechanism, thereby achieving independent adjustment of the thermal insulation and sunshading performances, meeting the needs of the building, and reducing the manufacturing cost.
所述玻璃系统包括第一玻璃、第二玻璃和高透薄膜，所述第一玻璃和第二玻璃形成封闭空气层，所述高透薄膜设置于封闭空气层内以将封闭空气层分隔形成两个独立封闭空气层。所述第一玻璃和第二玻璃均采用超白玻璃，以保证玻璃系统具有高透过率，满足室内在阴天采光与冬季利用太阳辐射进行被动采暖的需求。同时利用高透薄膜将封闭空气层分隔成多腔结构，降低其整体传热系数，起到保温效果。为进一步提高了保温效果，所述封闭空气层填充有惰性气体。同时封闭空气层也可以是真空状态，也可起到增大玻璃系统的热阻效果。为降低设计成本，本实施例中的超白玻璃和高透薄膜均可自市场购买。The glass system includes a first glass, a second glass and a high-transmittance film, wherein the first glass and the second glass form a closed air layer, and the high-transmittance film is arranged in the closed air layer to separate the closed air layer into two independent closed air layers. The first glass and the second glass are both ultra-white glass to ensure that the glass system has a high transmittance and meet the needs of indoor lighting on cloudy days and passive heating using solar radiation in winter. At the same time, the closed air layer is divided into a multi-cavity structure by using a high-transmittance film to reduce its overall heat transfer coefficient and achieve a thermal insulation effect. In order to further improve the thermal insulation effect, the closed air layer is filled with an inert gas. At the same time, the closed air layer can also be in a vacuum state, which can also increase the thermal resistance of the glass system. In order to reduce the design cost, the ultra-white glass and the high-transmittance film in this embodiment can be purchased from the market.
进一步的，玻璃系统配置为6+12A+6mm，即6mm厚度的玻璃+12mm厚度的封闭空气层+6mm厚度的玻璃，则整窗的光热性能调节范围为：K＝1.0～2.5W/(m2·K)，SHGC＝0.15～0.70，τvis＝20％～75％，可适应气象条件与室内人员需求的变化。Furthermore, the glass system is configured as 6+12A+6mm, i.e. 6mm thick glass + 12mm thick closed air layer + 6mm thick glass. Then the light and heat performance adjustment range of the whole window is: K=1.0~2.5W/( m2 ·K), SHGC=0.15~0.70, τvis=20%~75%, which can adapt to the changes in meteorological conditions and the needs of indoor personnel.
采用本实施例的保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳系统在广州的夏季进行实地测试，测试结果如图4所示。由图4可知，采用本实施例的保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳系统后日间室内空气温度平均可降低4.2℃。这说明本保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳系统保证室内舒适性的情况下，具有良好的遮阳和保温性能。The sunshade system with independent adjustment of heat preservation and sunshade performance of this embodiment was field tested in Guangzhou in summer, and the test results are shown in Figure 4. As shown in Figure 4, the daytime indoor air temperature can be reduced by an average of 4.2°C after the sunshade system with independent adjustment of heat preservation and sunshade performance of this embodiment is adopted. This shows that the sunshade system with independent adjustment of heat preservation and sunshade performance has good sunshade and heat preservation performance while ensuring indoor comfort.
如图5所示，基于本实施例的保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳系统的控制方法，包 括以下步骤：As shown in FIG5 , the control method of the sunshade system with independent adjustment of heat preservation and sunshade functions according to the present embodiment includes: The following steps are included:
S1、中央处理器根据计时器确定运行时长，并根据时钟模块确定系统的工作时间，将工作时间与设定的上班时间(设定上班时间为08:00～18:00)进行对比；S1, the central processing unit determines the running time according to the timer, and determines the working time of the system according to the clock module, and compares the working time with the set working time (the set working time is 08:00～18:00);
S2、若系统的工作时间处于上班时间，中央处理器接收来自太阳辐射传感器和温度传感器的信号，并根据太阳辐射传感器和温度传感器的检测数值，同时提取外窗几何参数，调用遮阳面积比预测模型计算对应时刻的卷膜目标开度H1，并根据卷膜目标开度H1以调整卷膜的实际展开程度；S2. If the system is working during office hours, the central processor receives signals from the solar radiation sensor and the temperature sensor, and extracts the external window geometric parameters based on the detection values of the solar radiation sensor and the temperature sensor, calls the shading area ratio prediction model to calculate the target opening degree H1 of the film at the corresponding moment, and adjusts the actual degree of expansion of the film based on the target opening degree H1 of the film;
步骤S2中根据卷膜目标开度H1以调整卷膜的实际展开程度包括以下具体过程：In step S2, adjusting the actual unfolding degree of the roll film according to the roll film target opening H1 includes the following specific processes:
系统中的位移传感器检测卷膜实际开度H2，并将信号传给中央处理器，中央处理器计算卷膜开度差ΔH＝H2-H1；The displacement sensor in the system detects the actual opening of the roll film H 2 and transmits the signal to the central processor, which calculates the roll film opening difference ΔH = H 2 -H 1 ;
若ΔH＞0，则中央处理器输出信号至电机，控制卷膜向上收起，卷膜收起开度为ΔH；If ΔH＞0, the CPU outputs a signal to the motor to control the film to be rolled up, and the film opening is ΔH;
若ΔH＝0，则说明卷膜此时开度满足要求，无需动作；If ΔH = 0, it means that the film opening meets the requirements and no action is required;
若ΔH＜0，则中央处理器输出信号至电机，控制卷膜向下展开，卷膜开度为-ΔH。If ΔH＜0, the central processing unit outputs a signal to the motor to control the roll film to unfold downward, and the roll film opening is -ΔH.
S3、若系统的工作时间不处于上班时间，则判断工作时间是否处于采暖季：S3. If the system's working time is not during working hours, determine whether the working time is during the heating season:
若工作时间处于采暖季，则说明建筑夜间有保温需求，中央处理器输出信号至电机转轴，控制卷膜向下完全展开，使卷膜与玻璃之间形成稳定的调节空气层，增大其热阻以保温；If the working time is in the heating season, it means that the building needs to be kept warm at night. The central processor outputs a signal to the motor shaft to control the film to fully unfold downward, so that a stable air conditioning layer is formed between the film and the glass, increasing its thermal resistance to keep warm.
若工作时间不处于采暖季，则说明建筑夜间有散热需求，中央处理器输出信号至电机转轴，控制卷膜向上完全收起，降低其热阻以散热；If the working time is not in the heating season, it means that the building has a need for heat dissipation at night. The central processor outputs a signal to the motor shaft to control the film to be fully retracted upwards, reducing its thermal resistance to dissipate heat;
S4、计时器经过设定步长后，重复步骤S1～S3。S4. After the timer reaches the set step length, steps S1 to S3 are repeated.
遮阳面积比预测模型的建立过程如下：The process of establishing the shading area ratio prediction model is as follows:
A1、在能耗模拟软件中建立各热工分区对应的典型建筑模型，并输入对应的气象数据；A1. Establish typical building models corresponding to each thermal zone in the energy consumption simulation software and input corresponding meteorological data;
A2、为典型建筑模型的外窗与幕墙设置保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳系统，通过调整遮阳系统的参数产生N种遮阳面积比例SR，并对N种工况进行批量能耗模拟；A2. Set up a shading system with independently adjustable insulation and shading functions for the exterior windows and curtain walls of a typical building model, generate N kinds of shading area ratios SR by adjusting the parameters of the shading system, and perform batch energy consumption simulation for N kinds of working conditions;
A3、编写程序自动获取N种工况模拟后生成的全年(即365×24小时)逐时建筑能耗E、室内眩光指数DGI和室外环境参数，并以DGI小于19且E最小为评价指标，筛选出逐时最佳的SR；A3. Write a program to automatically obtain the hourly building energy consumption E, indoor glare index DGI and outdoor environmental parameters for the whole year (i.e. 365×24 hours) generated after simulating N working conditions, and use DGI less than 19 and minimum E as evaluation indicators to screen out the best hourly SR;
A4、针对每个热工分区，基于筛选出来的8760组数据，通过非线性回归方法建立SR与室外空气温度Ta的数学关系式，从而得到不同热工分区对应的遮阳面积比预测模型。A4. For each thermal zone, based on the 8760 sets of data screened out, the mathematical relationship between SR and outdoor air temperature Ta was established through nonlinear regression method, so as to obtain the shading area ratio prediction model corresponding to different thermal zones.
室外空气综合温度Tsa与室外太阳辐射I和室外空气温度Ta存在以下关系：
The outdoor air comprehensive temperature Tsa has the following relationship with the outdoor solar radiation I and the outdoor air temperature Ta :
式中，ρs为围护结构外表面对太阳辐射热的吸收系数，αe为围护结构外表面总换热系数，W/(m2·K)。Where ρs is the absorption coefficient of the outer surface of the enclosure structure to solar radiation heat, and αe is the total heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface of the enclosure structure, W/( m2 ·K).
所述遮阳面积比预测模型以室外空气综合温度Tsa为自变量，所述遮阳面积比预测模型在不同热工分区具有不同的表态式：The shading area ratio prediction model uses the outdoor air comprehensive temperature T sa as an independent variable. The shading area ratio prediction model has different expressions in different thermal zones:
在温和地区，表达式为：
In temperate regions, the expression is:
在夏热冬暖地区，表达式为：In hot summer and warm winter areas, the expression is:
SR≥70％(Tsa≥34℃)，SR ≥ 70% (T sa ≥ 34°C),
在夏热冬冷地区，表达式为：
In hot summer and cold winter regions, the expression is:
在寒冷地区，遮阳装置位于东南西向时，表达式为：
In cold regions, when the sunshade device is located in the southeast and west directions, the expression is:
在寒冷地区，遮阳装置位于北向时，表达式为：
In cold regions, when the shading device is located in the north direction, the expression is:
以广州某大型公共建筑为例，通过在能耗模拟软件内实现上述动态控制，结果表明，与既有的Low-E玻璃外窗(或幕墙)相比，保温与遮阳性能独立调节的遮阳装置可以使建筑全年能耗降低11.4％，如下图6所示。Taking a large public building in Guangzhou as an example, by implementing the above dynamic control in the energy consumption simulation software, the results show that compared with the existing Low-E glass exterior windows (or curtain walls), the shading device with independent adjustment of insulation and shading performance can reduce the building's annual energy consumption by 11.4%, as shown in Figure 6 below.
上述具体实施方式为本发明的优选实施例，并不能对本发明进行限定，其他的任何未背离本发明的技术方案而所做的改变或其它等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。 The above specific implementation modes are preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the present invention. Any other changes or other equivalent replacement methods that do not deviate from the technical solution of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
The control method of the sunshade system with independently adjustable heat preservation and sunshade functions according to claim 2 is characterized in that the outdoor air comprehensive temperature T sa has the following relationship with the outdoor solar radiation I and the outdoor air temperature Ta :
In temperate regions, the expression is:
In hot summer and cold winter regions, the expression is:
In cold regions, when the sunshade device is located in the southeast and west directions, the expression is:
In cold regions, when the shading device is located in the north direction, the expression is:
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| CN120488519A (en) * | 2025-06-23 | 2025-08-15 | 北京工业大学 | Self-adaptive regulation heat pipe phase change super-lambertian wall and control method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116792015B (en) * | 2023-05-19 | 2024-07-02 | 华南理工大学 | Sunshade system with independently-adjusted heat preservation and sunshade performances and control method thereof |
| CN117307009B (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-02-02 | 汉狮光动科技(广东)有限公司 | Intelligent control system and method for electric roller shutter type hollow sunshade door with sensing feedback |
| CN118997417B (en) * | 2024-08-06 | 2025-07-22 | 浙江宝业现代建筑工业化制造有限公司 | Window wall ratio variable open-close type intelligent enclosure structure system and construction method thereof |
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| CN116792015B (en) | 2024-07-02 |
| CN116792015A (en) | 2023-09-22 |
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