WO2024237366A1 - 무선 통신 시스템에서 멀티캐스트 무선 전송 방법 및 장치 - Google Patents
무선 통신 시스템에서 멀티캐스트 무선 전송 방법 및 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024237366A1 WO2024237366A1 PCT/KR2023/006623 KR2023006623W WO2024237366A1 WO 2024237366 A1 WO2024237366 A1 WO 2024237366A1 KR 2023006623 W KR2023006623 W KR 2023006623W WO 2024237366 A1 WO2024237366 A1 WO 2024237366A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1812—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
- H04L1/1854—Scheduling and prioritising arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
- H04L1/1861—Physical mapping arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
- H04L1/1864—ARQ related signaling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1867—Arrangements specially adapted for the transmitter end
- H04L1/1896—ARQ related signaling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0053—Allocation of signalling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0053—Allocation of signalling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
- H04L5/0055—Physical resource allocation for ACK/NACK
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
- H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
- H04W72/232—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal the control data signalling from the physical layer, e.g. DCI signalling
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to a multicast wireless transmission method and device in a wireless communication system.
- Wireless access systems are being widely deployed to provide various types of communication services such as voice and data.
- wireless access systems are multiple access systems that can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (bandwidth, transmission power, etc.).
- multiple access systems include CDMA (code division multiple access) systems, FDMA (frequency division multiple access) systems, TDMA (time division multiple access) systems, OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access) systems, and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access) systems.
- enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) communication technology is being proposed compared to the existing radio access technology (RAT).
- RAT radio access technology
- a communication system that considers reliability and latency-sensitive services/UE (user equipment) as well as mMTC (massive machine type communications) that connects a large number of devices and objects to provide various services anytime and anywhere is being proposed.
- Various technology configurations are being proposed for this.
- the technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a multicast transmission method and device in a wireless communication system in which one device (e.g., a base station or an AP (Access point)) transmits the same data to a plurality of devices (e.g., terminals).
- one device e.g., a base station or an AP (Access point)
- AP Access point
- the technical problem of the present disclosure is to provide a multicast transmission method and device in a wireless communication system, in which, when a transmission error occurs, a base station transmits a small amount of new PCB by retransmission, and a plurality of terminals use the same to recover an error in a DCB.
- the present invention provides a multicast transmission method and device in a wireless communication system for reducing PUCCH overhead when multiple terminals transmit HARQ-ACK feedback to a base station.
- a method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system comprises the steps of: receiving one or more synchronization signals from a base station (BS); receiving control information from the base station; receiving an RRC (radio resource control) message including first information regarding an additional PCB (parity code block) indicator and a number of first additional PCBs and second information regarding a maximum value of a number of first basic PCBs and a number of CBs; receiving DCI (downlink control information) including third information regarding resource allocation information and fourth information regarding the additional PCB indicator from the base station; obtaining information regarding a first number, which is the number of total CBs, information regarding a second number, which is the number of second additional PCBs, information regarding a third number, which is the number of second basic PCBs, and information regarding a fourth number, which is the number of DCBs (Data Code Blocks), based on at least one of the first information, the second information, the third information, or the fourth information;
- the method may include receiving
- the first information may include a table regarding the number of the first additional PCBs based on the additional PCB indicator and the number of the first additional PCBs
- the second information may include a table regarding the number of the first basic PCBs and the maximum value of the number of CBs based on the number of the first basic PCBs.
- the step of obtaining information about a first number, which is the number of total CBs, information about a second number, which is the number of second additional PCBs, information about a third number, which is the number of second basic PCBs, and information about a fourth number, which is the number of DCBs (Data Code Blocks), based on at least one of the first information, the second information, the third information, or the fourth information may include a step of obtaining information about the first number, which is the number of total CBs, based on the first information, the second information, and the third information, a step of obtaining information about the second number based on the first information and the fourth information, a step of obtaining information about the third number based on the second information, the information about the first number, and the information about the second number, and a step of obtaining information about the fourth number based on the information about the first number, the information about the second number, and the information about the third number.
- the step of generating the HARQ-ACK feedback based on the number of DCBs in which errors occurred among the fourth number of DCBs included in the PDSCH may include the step of receiving an RRC message including fifth information about the number of bits and parameters of HARQ-ACK feedback from the base station, the step of determining a fifth number, which is the number of PCBs additionally required to recover the DCBs in which errors occurred, based on the number of PCBs in which no errors occurred among the second number and the third number of PCBs and the number of DCBs in which errors occurred, and the step of generating the HARQ-ACK feedback based on the information about the fourth number, the fifth information, and the information about the fifth number.
- the step of transmitting the HARQ-ACK feedback to the base station may further include the step of receiving a fifth or more number of PCBs, which is the number of PCBs additionally required to recover the DCBs in which the error occurred, from the base station, or the step of re-receiving the first number of the entire CBs from the base station.
- the step of transmitting the HARQ-ACK feedback to the base station may include the step of receiving an RRC message including sixth information regarding at least one of a power offset, a frequency resource, and a time resource of a plurality of shared PUCCHs from the base station; and the step of transmitting the HARQ-ACK feedback to the base station through a shared PUCCH related to the HARQ-ACK feedback based on the sixth information.
- At least one of the power offset of each of the plurality of shared PUCCHs, the size of the frequency resource of each of the plurality of PUCCHs, or the size of the time resource of each of the plurality of PUCCHs may be different.
- a user equipment includes a transceiver and a memory including at least one command, and at least one processor for executing the at least one command, wherein the at least one command comprises: a step of receiving one or more synchronization signals from a base station (BS); a step of receiving control information from the BS; a step of receiving an RRC message including first information regarding an additional PCB (parity code block) indicator and a number of first additional PCBs and second information regarding a maximum value of a number of first basic PCBs and a number of CBs; a step of receiving DCI (downlink control information) including third information regarding resource allocation information and fourth information regarding the additional PCB indicator from the BS; and obtaining information regarding a first number, which is the number of total CBs, information regarding a second number, which is the number of second additional PCBs, information regarding a third number, which is the number of second basic PCBs, and information regarding a fourth number, which is
- the method may include: receiving, from the base station, a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) based on the second number of second additional PCBs, the third number of second basic PCBs and the fourth number of DCBs; generating a Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK) feedback based on the number of DCBs in which an error has occurred among the fourth number of DCBs included in the PDSCH; and transmitting the HARQ-ACK feedback to the base station.
- PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
- HARQ-ACK Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement
- a method performed by a base station (BS) in a wireless communication system comprises the steps of: transmitting one or more synchronization signals to a plurality of user equipment (US); transmitting control information to the plurality of US; generating first information regarding an additional PCB (parity code block) indicator and a number of first additional PCBs and second information regarding a maximum value of a number of first basic PCBs and a number of CBs; transmitting an RRC (radio resource control) message including the first information and the second information to the plurality of US; determining a first number, which is the number of total CBs, a second number, which is the number of second additional PCBs, a third number, which is the number of second basic PCBs, and a fourth number, which is the number of DCBs (data code blocks), based on the first information, the second information, and third information regarding resource allocation information; transmitting DCI (downlink control information) including the third information and fourth information regarding an additional PCB indicator related to the second
- DCI downlink control
- the first information may include a table regarding the number of the first additional PCBs based on the additional PCB indicator and the number of the first additional PCBs
- the second information may include a table regarding the number of the first basic PCBs and the maximum value of the number of CBs based on the number of the first basic PCBs.
- the step of receiving the HARQ-ACK feedback from the plurality of terminals may include the step of transmitting an RRC message including fifth information about the number of bits and parameters of the HARQ-ACK feedback to the plurality of terminals; and the step of receiving the HARQ-ACK feedback from the plurality of terminals based on the information about the fourth number and the fifth information.
- the step of receiving the HARQ-ACK feedback from the plurality of terminals may include the step of obtaining a sixth number of additional PCBs that are additionally required for all of the plurality of terminals to recover DCBs in which errors have occurred, and transmitting the sixth number or more of PCBs to the plurality of terminals, or retransmitting the first number of all CBs to the plurality of terminals.
- the step of receiving the HARQ-ACK feedback from the plurality of terminals may include the step of transmitting an RRC message including sixth information regarding at least one of a power offset, a frequency resource, or a time resource of a plurality of shared PUCCHs to the plurality of terminals, and the step of receiving the HARQ-ACK feedback from the plurality of terminals through at least one of shared PUCCHs (Physical Uplink Control Channels) based on the sixth information.
- shared PUCCHs Physical Uplink Control Channels
- At least one of the power offset of each of the plurality of shared PUCCHs, the size of the frequency resource of each of the plurality of PUCCHs, or the size of the time resource of each of the plurality of PUCCHs may be different.
- a base station includes a transceiver and a memory including at least one command, and at least one processor executing the at least one command, wherein the at least one command comprises: a step of transmitting at least one synchronization signal to a plurality of user equipment (US); a step of transmitting control information to the plurality of US; a step of generating first information regarding an additional PCB (parity code block) indicator and the number of first additional PCBs and second information regarding a maximum value of the number of first basic PCBs and the number of CBs (code blocks); a step of transmitting an RRC (radio resource control) message including the first information and the second information to the plurality of US; a step of determining a first number, which is the number of total CBs, a second number, which is the number of second additional PCBs, a third number, which is the number of second basic PCBs, and a fourth number, which is the number of DCBs
- the method may include a step of transmitting DCI (downlink control information), a step of transmitting PDSCH (physical downlink shard channel) to the plurality of terminals based on the second number of second additional PCBs, the third number of second basic PCBs and the fourth number of DCBs, and a step of receiving HARQ-ACK (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement) feedback from the plurality of terminals.
- DCI downlink control information
- PDSCH physical downlink shard channel
- HARQ-ACK Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement
- a device including one or more memories and one or more processors functionally connected to the one or more memories, wherein the one or more processors cause the device to receive one or more synchronization signals from a base station (BS), receive control information from the BS, receive an RRC message including first information regarding an additional PCB (parity code block) indicator and a number of first additional PCBs and second information regarding a maximum value of a number of first basic PCBs and a number of CBs (code blocks), receive DCI (downlink control information) including third information regarding resource allocation information and fourth information regarding the additional PCB indicator from the BS, and obtain information regarding a first number, which is a total number of CBs, information regarding a second number, which is a number of second additional PCBs, information regarding a third number, which is a number of second basic PCBs, and information regarding a fourth number, which is a number of DCBs (Data Code Blocks), based on at least one of the first information, the second information, the
- the apparatus may be configured to receive a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) including PCBs, the third number of second basic PCBs and the fourth number of DCBs, generate a HARQ-ACK (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement) feedback based on a number of DCBs in which errors occur among the fourth number of DCBs included in the PDSCH, and transmit the HARQ-ACK feedback to the base station.
- PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
- HARQ-ACK Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement
- One or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more commands according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the instructions comprising: receiving one or more synchronization signals from a base station (BS), receiving control information from the BS, receiving an RRC message including first information regarding an additional PCB (parity code block) indicator and a number of first additional PCBs and second information regarding a maximum value of a number of first basic PCBs and a number of CBs, receiving DCI (downlink control information) including third information regarding resource allocation information and fourth information regarding the additional PCB indicator from the BS, and acquiring information regarding a first number, which is a total number of CBs, information regarding a second number, which is a number of second additional PCBs, information regarding a third number, which is a number of second basic PCBs, and information regarding a fourth number, which is a number of DCBs (Data Code Blocks), based on at least one of the first information, the second information, the third information, or the fourth information, and acquiring from the
- spectral efficiency can be increased when performing multicast and/or broadcast between a base station and a plurality of terminals.
- Figure 1 is a drawing showing an example of a communication system applicable to this specification.
- FIG. 2 is a drawing showing an example of a wireless device applicable to this specification.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method for processing a transmission signal applicable to the present specification.
- FIG. 4 is a drawing showing another example of a wireless device applicable to this specification.
- FIG. 5 is a drawing showing an example of a portable device applicable to this specification.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating an example of a CB transmission method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 30 is a flowchart of a signal transmission and reception method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the base station is meant as a terminal node of a network that directly communicates with a mobile station.
- a specific operation described as being performed by the base station in this specification may in some cases be performed by an upper node of the base station.
- the term terminal may be replaced with terms such as user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), subscriber station (SS), mobile subscriber station (MSS), mobile terminal, or advanced mobile station (AMS).
- UE user equipment
- MS mobile station
- SS subscriber station
- MSS mobile subscriber station
- AMS advanced mobile station
- the transmitter refers to a fixed and/or mobile node that provides data service or voice service
- the receiver refers to a fixed and/or mobile node that receives data service or voice service.
- a mobile station in the case of uplink, can be a transmitter and a base station can be a receiver.
- a mobile station in the case of downlink, can be a receiver and a base station can be a transmitter.
- embodiments of the present specification may be applied to other wireless access systems and are not limited to the above-described system.
- they may be applied to systems applied after the 3GPP 5G NR system and are not limited to a specific system.
- CDMA code division multiple access
- FDMA frequency division multiple access
- TDMA time division multiple access
- OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
- SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system applied to the present specification.
- a communication system (100) applied to the present specification includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network.
- the wireless device means a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR, LTE) and may be referred to as a communication/wireless/5G device.
- a wireless access technology e.g., 5G NR, LTE
- the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (extended reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Thing) device (100f), and an AI (artificial intelligence) device/server (100g).
- the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication, etc.
- the vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) may include unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (e.g., drones).
- UAVs unmanned aerial vehicles
- the XR devices (100c) include augmented reality (AR)/virtual reality (VR)/mixed reality (MR) devices, and may be implemented in the form of a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc.
- the portable devices (100d) may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.), etc.
- the home appliances (100e) may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc.
- the IoT devices (100f) may include sensors, smart meters, etc.
- the base station (120) and network (130) may also be implemented as wireless devices, and a specific wireless device (120a) may act as a base station/network node to other wireless devices.
- Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (130) via a base station (120).
- AI technology can be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (100g) via a network (130).
- the network (130) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, etc.
- the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can communicate with each other via the base station (120)/network (130), but can also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station (120)/network (130).
- vehicles can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (vehicle to vehicle)/V2X (vehicle to everything) communication).
- an IoT device (100f) (e.g., a sensor) can communicate directly with another IoT device (e.g., a sensor) or another wireless device (100a to 100f).
- Wireless communication/connection can be established between wireless devices (100a to 100f)/base stations (120), and base stations (120)/base stations (120).
- the wireless communication/connection can be established through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink/downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or, D2D communication), and communication between base stations (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (integrated access backhaul)).
- 5G NR wireless access technologies
- uplink/downlink communication 150a
- sidelink communication 150b
- D2D communication communication between base stations (150c)
- IAB integrated access backhaul
- the wireless communication/connection can transmit/receive signals through various physical channels.
- various configuration information setting processes for transmitting/receiving wireless signals various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, resource mapping/demapping, etc.), and resource allocation processes may be performed based on various proposals of this specification.
- FIG. 2 is a drawing illustrating an example of a wireless device to which the present specification can be applied.
- the first wireless device (200a) and the second wireless device (200b) can transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR).
- ⁇ the first wireless device (200a), the second wireless device (200b) ⁇ can correspond to ⁇ the wireless device (100x), the base station (120) ⁇ and/or ⁇ the wireless device (100x), the wireless device (100x) ⁇ of FIG. 1.
- a first wireless device (200a) includes one or more processors (202a) and one or more memories (204a), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (206a) and/or one or more antennas (208a).
- the processor (202a) controls the memory (204a) and/or the transceiver (206a), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.
- the processor (202a) may process information in the memory (204a) to generate first information/signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information/signal via the transceiver (206a).
- the processor (202a) may receive a wireless signal including second information/signal via the transceiver (206a), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the second information/signal in the memory (204a).
- the memory (204a) may be connected to the processor (202a) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202a).
- the memory (204a) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202a), or may store software codes including instructions for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.
- the processor (202a) and the memory (204a) may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR).
- the transceiver (206a) may be connected to the processor (202a) and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208a).
- the transceiver (206a) may include a transmitter and/or a receiver.
- the transceiver (206a) may be used interchangeably with an RF (radio frequency) unit.
- wireless device may also mean a communication modem/circuit/chip.
- the second wireless device (200b) includes one or more processors (202b), one or more memories (204b), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (206b) and/or one or more antennas (208b).
- the processor (202b) may control the memory (204b) and/or the transceiver (206b), and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.
- the processor (202b) may process information in the memory (204b) to generate third information/signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information/signal via the transceiver (206b).
- the processor (202b) may receive a wireless signal including fourth information/signal via the transceiver (206b), and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information/signal in the memory (204b).
- the memory (204b) may be connected to the processor (202b) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202b).
- the memory (204b) may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202b), or may store software codes including instructions for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.
- the processor (202b) and the memory (204b) may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR).
- the transceiver (206b) may be connected to the processor (202b) and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas (208b).
- the transceiver (206b) may include a transmitter and/or a receiver.
- the transceiver (206b) may be used interchangeably with an RF unit.
- wireless device may also mean a communication modem/circuit/chip.
- one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (202a, 202b).
- one or more processors (202a, 202b) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as physical (PHY), media access control (MAC), radio link control (RLC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), radio resource control (RRC), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP)).
- layers e.g., functional layers such as physical (PHY), media access control (MAC), radio link control (RLC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), radio resource control (RRC), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP)).
- PHY physical
- MAC media access control
- RLC radio link control
- PDCP packet data convergence protocol
- RRC radio resource control
- SDAP service data adaptation protocol
- One or more processors (202a, 202b) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and/or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.
- One or more processors (202a, 202b) may generate messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.
- One or more processors (202a, 202b) may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the functions, functions, procedures, proposals and/or methods disclosed herein and provide the signals to one or more transceivers (206a, 206b).
- One or more processors (202a, 202b) may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers (206a, 206b) and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.
- the one or more processors (202a, 202b) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer.
- the one or more processors (202a, 202b) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
- ASICs application specific integrated circuits
- DSPs digital signal processors
- DSPDs digital signal processing devices
- PLDs programmable logic devices
- FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
- the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc.
- the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this specification may be implemented using firmware or software configured to perform one or more of the processors (202a, 202b), or may be stored in one or more memories (204a, 204b) and executed by one or more of the processors (202a, 202b).
- the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this specification may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and/or sets of instructions.
- One or more memories (204a, 204b) may be coupled to one or more processors (202a, 202b) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and/or commands.
- the one or more memories (204a, 204b) may be comprised of read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer readable storage media, and/or combinations thereof.
- the one or more memories (204a, 204b) may be located internally and/or externally to the one or more processors (202a, 202b). Additionally, the one or more memories (204a, 204b) may be coupled to the one or more processors (202a, 202b) via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.
- One or more transceivers (206a, 206b) can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc., as described in the methods and/or flowcharts of this specification, to one or more other devices.
- One or more transceivers (206a, 206b) can receive user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc., as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or flowcharts of this specification, from one or more other devices.
- one or more transceivers (206a, 206b) can be coupled to one or more processors (202a, 202b) and can transmit and receive wireless signals.
- one or more processors (202a, 202b) can control one or more transceivers (206a, 206b) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (202a, 202b) may control one or more transceivers (206a, 206b) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices.
- one or more transceivers (206a, 206b) may be coupled to one or more antennas (208a, 208b), and one or more transceivers (206a, 206b) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, and the like, as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, via one or more antennas (208a, 208b).
- one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports).
- One or more transceivers (206a, 206b) may convert received user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc.
- One or more transceivers (206a, 206b) may convert processed user data, control information, wireless signals/channels, etc. from baseband signals to RF band signals using one or more processors (202a, 202b).
- one or more transceivers (206a, 206b) may include an (analog) oscillator and/or filter.
- the resource mapper (350) can map modulation symbols of each antenna port to time-frequency resources.
- the time-frequency resources can include a plurality of symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and a plurality of subcarriers in the frequency domain.
- the signal generator (360) generates a wireless signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated wireless signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna.
- the signal generator (360) can include an inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) module, a cyclic prefix (CP) inserter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.
- IFFT inverse fast fourier transform
- CP cyclic prefix
- DAC digital-to-analog converter
- a signal processing circuit for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler and a decoder.
- FIG. 4 is a drawing illustrating another example of a wireless device to which the present specification applies.
- the wireless device (400) corresponds to the wireless device (200a, 200b) of FIG. 2, and may be composed of various elements, components, units/units, and/or modules.
- the wireless device (400) may include a communication unit (410), a control unit (420), a memory unit (430), and additional elements (440).
- the communication unit may include a communication circuit (412) and a transceiver(s) (414).
- the communication circuit (412) may include one or more processors (202a, 202b) and/or one or more memories (204a, 204b) of FIG. 2.
- the transceiver(s) (414) may include one or more transceivers (206a, 206b) and/or one or more antennas (208a, 208b) of FIG. 2.
- the control unit (420) is electrically connected to the communication unit (410), the memory unit (430), and the additional elements (440) and controls overall operations of the wireless device.
- the control unit (420) may control electrical/mechanical operations of the wireless device based on programs/codes/commands/information stored in the memory unit (430).
- control unit (420) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (430) to an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless/wired interface through the communication unit (410), or store information received from an external device (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless/wired interface in the memory unit (430).
- an external device e.g., another communication device
- store information received from an external device e.g., another communication device
- the additional element (440) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device.
- the additional element (440) may include at least one of a power unit/battery, an input/output unit, a driving unit, and a computing unit.
- the wireless device (400) may be implemented in the form of a robot (FIG. 1, 100a), a vehicle (FIG. 1, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (FIG. 1, 100c), a portable device (FIG. 1, 100d), a home appliance (FIG. 1, 100e), an IoT device (FIG.
- Wireless devices may be mobile or stationary, depending on the use/service.
- various elements, components, units/parts, and/or modules within the wireless device (400) may be entirely interconnected via a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected via a communication unit (410).
- the control unit (420) and the communication unit (410) may be wired, and the control unit (420) and the first unit (e.g., 430, 440) may be wirelessly connected via the communication unit (410).
- each element, component, unit/part, and/or module within the wireless device (400) may further include one or more elements.
- the control unit (420) may be composed of one or more processor sets.
- control unit (420) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc.
- memory unit (430) may be composed of RAM, DRAM (dynamic RAM), ROM, flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, and/or a combination thereof.
- FIG. 5 is a drawing illustrating an example of a portable device to which the present specification applies.
- FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a mobile device to which the present specification applies.
- the mobile device may include a smart phone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, a smart glass), a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.).
- the mobile device may be referred to as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a mobile subscriber station (MSS), a subscriber station (SS), an advanced mobile station (AMS), or a wireless terminal (WT).
- MS mobile station
- UT user terminal
- MSS mobile subscriber station
- SS subscriber station
- AMS advanced mobile station
- WT wireless terminal
- the portable device (500) may include an antenna unit (508), a communication unit (510), a control unit (520), a memory unit (530), a power supply unit (540a), an interface unit (540b), and an input/output unit (540c).
- the antenna unit (508) may be configured as a part of the communication unit (510). Blocks 510 to 530/540a to 540c correspond to blocks 410 to 430/440 of FIG. 4, respectively.
- the communication unit (510) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations.
- the control unit (520) can control components of the portable device (500) to perform various operations.
- the control unit (520) can include an AP (application processor).
- the memory unit (530) can store data/parameters/programs/codes/commands required for operating the portable device (500).
- the memory unit (530) can store input/output data/information, etc.
- the power supply unit (540a) supplies power to the portable device (500) and can include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, etc.
- the interface unit (540b) can support connection between the portable device (500) and other external devices.
- the interface unit (540b) can include various ports (e.g., audio input/output ports, video input/output ports) for connection with external devices.
- the input/output unit (540c) can input or output image information/signals, audio information/signals, data, and/or information input from a user.
- the input/output unit (540c) can include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (540d), a speaker, and/or a haptic module.
- the input/output unit (540c) obtains information/signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input by the user, and the obtained information/signals can be stored in the memory unit (530).
- the communication unit (510) converts the information/signals stored in the memory into wireless signals, and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to other wireless devices or to a base station.
- the communication unit (510) can receive wireless signals from other wireless devices or base stations, and then restore the received wireless signals to the original information/signals.
- the restored information/signals can be stored in the memory unit (530) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input/output unit (540c).
- a terminal can receive information from a base station through the downlink (DL) and transmit information to the base station through the uplink (UL).
- the information transmitted and received by the base station and the terminal includes general data information and various control information, and various physical channels exist depending on the type/purpose of the information they transmit and receive.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating physical channels applicable to this specification and a signal transmission method using them.
- a terminal When a terminal is powered on again from a powered-off state or enters a new cell, it performs an initial cell search task such as synchronizing with the base station at step S611. To do this, the terminal can receive a primary synchronization channel (P-SCH) and a secondary synchronization channel (S-SCH) from the base station to synchronize with the base station and obtain information such as a cell ID.
- P-SCH primary synchronization channel
- S-SCH secondary synchronization channel
- the terminal can receive a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) signal from the base station to obtain broadcast information within the cell. Meanwhile, the terminal can receive a downlink reference signal (DL RS: Downlink Reference Signal) in the initial cell search phase to check the downlink channel status. After completing the initial cell search, the terminal can receive a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) according to the physical downlink control channel information in step S612 to obtain more specific system information.
- PBCH physical broadcast channel
- DL RS Downlink Reference Signal
- the terminal may perform a random access procedure such as steps S613 to S616 to complete connection to the base station.
- the terminal may transmit a preamble through a physical random access channel (PRACH) (S613), and receive a random access response (RAR) for the preamble through a physical downlink control channel and a physical downlink shared channel corresponding thereto (S614).
- the terminal may transmit a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) using scheduling information in the RAR (S615), and perform a contention resolution procedure such as receiving a physical downlink control channel signal and a physical downlink shared channel signal corresponding thereto (S616).
- a terminal that has performed the procedure described above can then perform reception of a physical downlink control channel signal and/or a physical downlink shared channel signal (S617) and transmission of a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal and/or a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) signal (S618) as a general uplink/downlink signal transmission procedure.
- a physical downlink control channel signal and/or a physical downlink shared channel signal S617
- transmission of a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) signal and/or a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) signal S618) as a general uplink/downlink signal transmission procedure.
- PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
- PUCCH physical uplink control channel
- UCI uplink control information
- UCI includes hybrid automatic repeat and request acknowledgement/negative-ACK (HARQ-ACK/NACK), scheduling request (SR), channel quality indication (CQI), precoding matrix indication (PMI), rank indication (RI), beam indication (BI) information, etc.
- HARQ-ACK/NACK hybrid automatic repeat and request acknowledgement/negative-ACK
- SR scheduling request
- CQI channel quality indication
- PMI precoding matrix indication
- RI rank indication
- BI beam indication
- UCI is generally transmitted periodically through PUCCH, but depending on the embodiment (e.g., when control information and traffic data must be transmitted simultaneously), it may be transmitted through PUSCH.
- the terminal may aperiodically transmit UCI through PUSCH upon request/instruction from the network.
- Figure 7 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a wireless frame applicable to this specification.
- Uplink and downlink transmission based on the NR system can be based on frames such as those in FIG. 7.
- one radio frame has a length of 10 ms and can be defined by two 5 ms half-frames (half-frames, HF).
- One half-frame can be defined by five 1 ms subframes (subframes, SF).
- One subframe is divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots in a subframe can depend on subcarrier spacing (SCS).
- SCS subcarrier spacing
- each slot can include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols depending on CP (cyclic prefix).
- CP cyclic prefix
- each slot can include 14 symbols.
- each slot can include 12 symbols.
- the symbol may include an OFDM symbol (or CP-OFDM symbol), an SC-FDMA symbol (or DFT-s-OFDM symbol).
- Table 1 shows the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe according to SCS when a general CP is used
- Table 2 shows the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe according to SCS when an extended CP is used.
- N slot symb may represent the number of symbols in a slot
- N frame, ⁇ slot may represent the number of slots in a frame
- N subframe, ⁇ slot may represent the number of slots in a subframe
- OFDM(A) numerologies e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.
- OFDM(A) numerologies may be set differently between multiple cells that are merged into one terminal.
- the (absolute time) section of a time resource e.g., SF, slot or TTI
- TU time unit
- NR can support multiple numerologies (or subcarrier spacing (SCS)) to support various 5G services. For example, when the SCS is 15 kHz, it supports wide area in traditional cellular bands, when the SCS is 30 kHz/60 kHz, it supports dense-urban, lower latency and wider carrier bandwidth, and when the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, it can support bandwidths larger than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.
- SCS subcarrier spacing
- the NR frequency band is defined by two types of frequency ranges (FR1, FR2).
- FR1 and FR2 can be configured as shown in the table below.
- FR2 can mean millimeter wave (mmW).
- the numerology described above may be set differently in a communication system to which the present specification is applicable.
- a Terahertz wave (THz) band may be used as a frequency band higher than the FR2 described above.
- the SCS may be set larger than in the NR system, and the number of slots may also be set differently, and is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
- the THz band will be described later.
- Figure 8 is a drawing illustrating a slot structure applicable to this specification.
- a slot contains multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, in the case of a normal CP, a slot contains 7 symbols, but in the case of an extended CP, a slot may contain 6 symbols.
- a carrier contains multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain.
- An RB (Resource Block) can be defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain.
- a Bandwidth Part is defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs in the frequency domain and can correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.).
- a carrier can contain up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication is performed through activated BWPs, and only one BWP can be activated for one terminal.
- N e.g., 5
- Each element in the resource grid is referred to as a resource element (RE), and one complex symbol can be mapped.
- RE resource element
- the 6G (wireless communication) system aims at (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) lower energy consumption of battery-free IoT devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities.
- the vision of the 6G system can be divided into four aspects: "intelligent connectivity”, “deep connectivity”, “holographic connectivity”, and "ubiquitous connectivity", and the 6G system can satisfy the requirements as shown in Table 4 below. That is, Table 4 is a table showing the requirements of the 6G system.
- 6G systems may have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine type communications (mMTC), AI integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.
- eMBB enhanced mobile broadband
- URLLC ultra-reliable low latency communications
- mMTC massive machine type communications
- AI integrated communication tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system applicable to this specification.
- the 6G system is expected to have 50 times higher simultaneous wireless communication connectivity than the 5G wireless communication system.
- URLLC a key feature of 5G, is expected to become a more important technology in 6G communication by providing end-to-end delay of less than 1 ms.
- the 6G system will have much better volumetric spectral efficiency than the frequently used area spectral efficiency.
- the 6G system can provide very long battery life and advanced battery technology for energy harvesting, so that mobile devices in the 6G system may not need to be charged separately.
- new network characteristics in 6G may be as follows.
- 6G is expected to be integrated with satellites to provide a global mobile constellation.
- the integration of terrestrial, satellite and airborne networks into a single wireless communication system could be crucial for 6G.
- AI can be applied at each stage of the communication process (or at each stage of signal processing, as described below).
- 6G wireless networks will transfer power to charge the batteries of devices such as smartphones and sensors. Therefore, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET) will be integrated.
- WIET wireless information and energy transfer
- Small cell networks The idea of small cell networks was introduced to improve the quality of received signals as a result of increased throughput, energy efficiency, and spectrum efficiency in cellular systems. As a result, small cell networks are an essential feature for 5G and beyond 5G (5GB) communication systems. Accordingly, 6G communication systems also adopt the characteristics of small cell networks.
- Ultra-dense heterogeneous networks will be another important feature of 6G communication systems.
- a multi-tier network composed of heterogeneous networks improves overall QoS and reduces costs.
- Backhaul connections are characterized by high-capacity backhaul networks to support high-capacity traffic.
- High-speed fiber optics and free-space optics (FSO) systems may be possible solutions to this problem.
- High-precision localization (or location-based services) through communication is one of the functions of 6G wireless communication systems. Therefore, radar systems will be integrated with 6G networks.
- Softwarization and virtualization are two important features that are fundamental to the design process in 5GB networks to ensure flexibility, reconfigurability, and programmability. In addition, billions of devices can be shared on a shared physical infrastructure.
- the most important and newly introduced technology in the 6G system is AI.
- the 4G system did not involve AI.
- the 5G system will support partial or very limited AI.
- the 6G system will be fully AI-supported for automation.
- Advances in machine learning will create more intelligent networks for real-time communications in 6G.
- Introducing AI in communications can simplify and improve real-time data transmission.
- AI can use numerous analyses to determine how complex target tasks are performed. In other words, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays.
- AI can also play a significant role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communication.
- AI can also be a rapid communication in brain computer interface (BCI).
- BCI brain computer interface
- AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.
- AI-based physical layer transmission means applying signal processing and communication mechanisms based on AI drivers rather than traditional communication frameworks in terms of fundamental signal processing and communication mechanisms. For example, it can include deep learning-based channel coding and decoding, deep learning-based signal estimation and detection, deep learning-based multiple input multiple output (MIMO) mechanisms, and AI-based resource scheduling and allocation.
- MIMO multiple input multiple output
- Machine learning can be used for channel estimation and channel tracking, and power allocation, interference cancellation, etc. in the physical layer of the downlink (DL). Machine learning can also be used for antenna selection, power control, and symbol detection in MIMO systems.
- Deep learning-based AI algorithms require a large amount of training data to optimize training parameters.
- a large amount of training data is used offline. This is because static training on training data in a specific channel environment can cause a conflict between the dynamic characteristics and diversity of the wireless channel.
- Machine learning refers to a series of operations that teach machines to create machines that can perform tasks that people can or cannot do.
- Machine learning requires data and a learning model.
- data learning methods can be broadly divided into three: supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.
- Neural network learning is to minimize the error of the output.
- Neural network learning is a process of repeatedly inputting learning data into the neural network, calculating the neural network output and target error for the learning data, and backpropagating the neural network error from the output layer of the neural network to the input layer in the direction of reducing the error, thereby updating the weights of each node of the neural network.
- Supervised learning uses training data with correct answers labeled in the training data, while unsupervised learning may not have correct answers labeled in the training data. That is, for example, in the case of supervised learning for data classification, the training data may be data in which each category is labeled in the training data.
- the labeled training data is input to the neural network, and the error can be calculated by comparing the output (category) of the neural network with the label of the training data.
- the calculated error is backpropagated in the neural network in the reverse direction (i.e., from the output layer to the input layer), and the connection weights of each node in each layer of the neural network can be updated according to the backpropagation.
- the amount of change in the connection weights of each node that is updated can be determined according to the learning rate.
- the neural network's calculation of the input data and the backpropagation of the error can constitute a learning cycle (epoch).
- the learning rate can be applied differently depending on the number of repetitions of the learning cycle of the neural network. For example, in the early stages of learning a neural network, a high learning rate can be used to allow the network to quickly achieve a certain level of performance, thereby increasing efficiency, while in the later stages of learning, a low learning rate can be used to increase accuracy.
- the learning method may vary. For example, if the goal is to accurately predict data transmitted from the transmitter to the receiver in a communication system, it is preferable to perform learning using supervised learning rather than unsupervised learning or reinforcement learning.
- the learning model corresponds to the human brain, and the most basic linear model can be thought of, but the machine learning paradigm that uses highly complex neural network structures, such as artificial neural networks, as learning models is called deep learning.
- the neural network cores used in learning methods can be broadly divided into deep neural networks (DNN), convolutional deep neural networks (CNN), and recurrent Boltzmann machines (RNN), and these learning models can be applied.
- DNN deep neural networks
- CNN convolutional deep neural networks
- RNN recurrent Boltzmann machines
- An artificial neural network is an example of multiple perceptrons connected together.
- Figure 10 shows an example of a perceptron structure.
- a large artificial neural network structure can extend the simplified perceptron structure illustrated in Fig. 10 to apply the input vector to perceptrons of different dimensions. For convenience of explanation, input values or output values are called nodes.
- Fig. 10 can be explained as consisting of a total of three layers based on input and output values.
- An artificial neural network in which there are H perceptrons of (d+1) dimensions between the 1st layer and the 2nd layer, and K perceptrons of (H+1) dimensions between the 2nd layer and the 3rd layer can be expressed as in Fig. 4.
- Fig. 11 shows an example of a multilayer perceptron structure.
- the layer where the input vector is located is called the input layer
- the layer where the final output value is located is called the output layer
- all layers located between the input layer and the output layer are called hidden layers.
- the example in Fig. 4 shows three layers, but when counting the number of actual artificial neural network layers, the input layer is excluded, so it can be viewed as a total of two layers.
- the artificial neural network is composed of perceptrons of basic blocks connected in two dimensions.
- the above-mentioned input layer, hidden layer, and output layer can be applied jointly not only to multilayer perceptron but also to various artificial neural network structures such as CNN and RNN, which will be described later.
- CNN neural network
- RNN deep neural network
- the deep neural network illustrated in Fig. 12 is a multilayer perceptron composed of eight hidden layers and eight output layers.
- the multilayer perceptron structure is expressed as a fully-connected neural network.
- a fully-connected neural network there is no connection relationship between nodes located in the same layer, and there is a connection relationship only between nodes located in adjacent layers.
- DNN has a fully-connected neural network structure and is composed of a combination of multiple hidden layers and activation functions, and can be usefully applied to identify correlation characteristics between inputs and outputs.
- the correlation characteristic can mean the joint probability of inputs and outputs.
- Fig. 13 can assume a case where nodes are arranged two-dimensionally, with w nodes in width and h nodes in height (convolutional neural network structure of Fig. 6).
- a weight is added to each connection in the connection process from one input node to the hidden layer, a total of h ⁇ w weights must be considered. Since there are h ⁇ w nodes in the input layer, a total of h2w2 weights are required between two adjacent layers.
- the convolutional neural network of Fig. 13 has a problem in that the number of weights increases exponentially according to the number of connections. Therefore, instead of considering the connections of all modes between adjacent layers, it assumes that there is a small filter, and performs weighted sum and activation function operations on the overlapping portions of the filters, as in Fig. 7.
- One filter has a weight corresponding to the number of its size, and learning of the weight can be performed so that a specific feature on the image can be extracted as a factor and output.
- a 3 ⁇ 3 sized filter is applied to the 3 ⁇ 3 area at the upper left of the input layer, and the output value resulting from performing weighted sum and activation function operations for the corresponding node is stored in z22.
- the above filter performs weighted sum and activation function operations while moving horizontally and vertically at a certain interval while scanning the input layer, and places the output value at the current filter position.
- This operation method is similar to the convolution operation for images in the field of computer vision, so a deep neural network with this structure is called a convolutional neural network (CNN), and the hidden layer generated as a result of the convolution operation is called a convolutional layer.
- a neural network with multiple convolutional layers is called a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN).
- the number of weights can be reduced by calculating the weighted sum by including only the nodes located in the area covered by the filter at the node where the current filter is located.
- one filter can be used to focus on features for a local area.
- CNN can be effectively applied to image data processing where physical distance in a two-dimensional area is an important judgment criterion. Meanwhile, CNN can apply multiple filters immediately before the convolution layer, and can also generate multiple output results through the convolution operation of each filter.
- a recurrent neural network structure the structure that applies the method of inputting one element of the data sequence at each time step and inputting the output vector (hidden vector) of the hidden layer output at a specific time together with the next element in the sequence to an artificial neural network is called a recurrent neural network structure.
- Figure 15 shows an example of a neural network structure in which a recurrent loop exists.
- a recurrent neural network is a structure that inputs elements (x1(t), x2(t), ,..., xd(t)) of a certain time point t in a data sequence into a fully connected neural network, and applies a weighted sum and an activation function along with the hidden vector (z1(t-1), z2(t-1),..., zH(t-1)) of the immediately previous time point t-1.
- the reason for transmitting the hidden vector to the next time point in this way is because the information in the input vectors of the previous time points is considered to be accumulated in the hidden vector of the current time point.
- Figure 16 shows an example of the operational structure of a recurrent neural network.
- the recurrent neural network operates in a predetermined time order on the input data sequence.
- the hidden vector (z1(1), z2(1),..., zH(1)) is input together with the input vector (x1(2), x2(2),..., xd(2)) at time point 2, and the hidden layer vector (z1(2), z2(2),..., zH(2)) is determined through the weighted sum and activation function. This process is repeatedly performed until time points 2, 3, ,,, and T.
- Recurrent neural networks are designed to be usefully applied to sequence data (e.g. natural language processing).
- various deep learning techniques such as DNN, CNN, RNN, Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM), Deep Belief Network (DBN), and Deep Q-Network, and can be applied to fields such as computer vision, speech recognition, natural language processing, and speech/signal processing.
- AI-based physical layer transmission means applying signal processing and communication mechanisms based on AI drivers, rather than traditional communication frameworks, in terms of fundamental signal processing and communication mechanisms. For example, it can include deep learning-based channel coding and decoding, deep learning-based signal estimation and detection, deep learning-based MIMO mechanism, and AI-based resource scheduling and allocation.
- THz communication can be applied in 6G systems.
- the data transmission rate can be increased by increasing the bandwidth. This can be done by using sub-THz communication with a wide bandwidth and applying advanced massive MIMO technology.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an electromagnetic spectrum applicable to the present specification.
- THz waves also known as sub-millimeter radiation, generally represent a frequency band between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with a corresponding wavelength in the range of 0.03 mm-3 mm.
- the 100 GHz-300 GHz band range (Sub THz band) is considered to be a major part of the THz band for cellular communications. Adding the Sub-THz band to the mmWave band will increase the capacity of 6G cellular communications.
- 300 GHz-3 THz is in the far infrared (IR) frequency band.
- the 300 GHz-3 THz band is a part of the optical band, but is at the boundary of the optical band, just behind the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz-3 THz band exhibits similarities with RF.
- THz communications Key characteristics include (i) widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates, and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are essential).
- the narrow beam widths generated by highly directional antennas reduce interference.
- the small wavelength of THz signals allows a much larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and BSs operating in this band. This allows the use of advanced adaptive array techniques to overcome range limitations.
- OWC optical wireless communication
- OWC technology is planned for 6G communication in addition to RF-based communication for all possible device-to-access networks. These networks connect to network-to-backhaul/fronthaul network connections.
- OWC technology has already been used since 4G communication systems, but it will be used more widely to meet the needs of 6G communication systems.
- OWC technologies such as light fidelity, visible light communication, optical camera communication, and free space optical (FSO) communication based on optical bands are already well known technologies.
- Optical wireless technology-based communication can provide very high data rates, low latency, and secure communication.
- LiDAR light detection and ranging
- FSO can be a good technology to provide backhaul connections in 6G systems together with optical fiber networks.
- FSO supports large-capacity backhaul connections for remote and non-remote areas such as the ocean, space, underwater, and isolated islands.
- FSO also supports cellular base station connections.
- MIMO technology One of the key technologies to improve spectral efficiency is the application of MIMO technology. As MIMO technology improves, spectral efficiency also improves. Therefore, massive MIMO technology will be important in 6G systems. Since MIMO technology utilizes multiple paths, multiplexing technology and beam generation and operation technology suitable for the THz band must also be considered so that data signals can be transmitted through more than one path.
- Blockchain will be an important technology for managing large amounts of data in future communication systems.
- Blockchain is a form of distributed ledger technology, where a distributed ledger is a database distributed across a large number of nodes or computing devices. Each node replicates and stores an identical copy of the ledger.
- Blockchain is managed by a peer-to-peer (P2P) network. It can exist without being managed by a central authority or server. Data in a blockchain is collected together and organized into blocks. Blocks are linked together and protected using cryptography.
- Blockchain perfectly complements large-scale IoT with its inherently enhanced interoperability, security, privacy, reliability, and scalability.
- blockchain technology offers several features such as interoperability between devices, traceability of large amounts of data, autonomous interaction of other IoT systems, and large-scale connection stability of 6G communication systems.
- 3D BS will be provided via low-orbit satellites and UAVs. Adding a new dimension in terms of altitude and associated degrees of freedom makes 3D connections significantly different from existing 2D networks.
- Unmanned aerial vehicles or drones will be a key element in 6G wireless communications.
- high-speed data wireless connectivity is provided using UAV technology.
- Base station entities are installed on UAVs to provide cellular connectivity.
- UAVs have certain features that are not found in fixed base station infrastructure such as easy deployment, robust line-of-sight links, and freedom of movement with controlled mobility.
- emergency situations such as natural disasters, deployment of terrestrial communication infrastructure is not economically feasible and sometimes cannot provide services in volatile environments.
- UAVs can easily handle such situations.
- UAVs will be a new paradigm in wireless communications. This technology facilitates three basic requirements of wireless networks namely eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC.
- UAVs can also support several purposes such as enhancing network connectivity, fire detection, disaster emergency services, security and surveillance, pollution monitoring, parking monitoring, and accident monitoring. Therefore, UAV technology is recognized as one of the most important technologies for 6G communications.
- Tight integration of multiple frequencies and heterogeneous communication technologies is crucial in 6G systems.
- users can seamlessly move from one network to another without having to make any manual configuration on their devices.
- the best network among the available communication technologies will be automatically selected. This will break the limitations of the cell concept in wireless communications.
- user movement from one cell to another causes too many handovers in dense networks, resulting in handover failures, handover delays, data loss, and ping-pong effects.
- 6G cell-free communications will overcome all these and provide better QoS. Cell-free communications will be achieved through multi-connectivity and multi-tier hybrid technologies and different heterogeneous radios in the devices.
- WIET Integrated wireless information and energy transfer
- WIET uses the same fields and waves as wireless communication systems. In particular, sensors and smartphones will be charged using wireless power transfer during communication. WIET is a promising technology for extending the life of battery-powered wireless systems. Therefore, battery-less devices will be supported in 6G communications.
- Autonomous wireless networks are capable of continuously sensing dynamically changing environmental conditions and exchanging information between different nodes.
- sensing will be tightly integrated with communications to support autonomous systems.
- each access network will be connected to backhaul connections such as fiber and FSO networks. To cope with the very large number of access networks, there will be tight integration between access and backhaul networks.
- Beamforming is a signal processing procedure that adjusts an array of antennas to transmit a wireless signal in a specific direction. It is a subset of smart antennas or advanced antenna systems. Beamforming technology has several advantages such as high signal-to-noise ratio, interference avoidance and rejection, and high network efficiency.
- Hologram beamforming (HBF) is a new beamforming method that is quite different from MIMO systems because it uses software-defined antennas. HBF will be a very effective approach for efficient and flexible transmission and reception of signals in multi-antenna communication devices in 6G.
- Big data analytics is a complex process for analyzing a variety of large data sets or big data. This process ensures complete data management by finding information such as hidden data, unknown correlations, and customer tendencies. Big data is collected from various sources such as video, social networks, images, and sensors. This technology is widely used to process massive data in 6G systems.
- LIS large intelligent surface
- LIS is an artificial surface made of electromagnetic materials and can change the propagation of incoming and outgoing radio waves.
- LIS can be seen as an extension of massive MIMO, but it has different array structures and operating mechanisms from massive MIMO.
- LIS has the advantage of low power consumption because it operates as a reconfigurable reflector with passive elements, that is, it passively reflects signals without using an active RF chain.
- each passive reflector of LIS must independently adjust the phase shift of the incident signal, it can be advantageous for wireless communication channels. By appropriately adjusting the phase shift via the LIS controller, the reflected signal can be collected at the target receiver to boost the received signal power.
- THz Terahertz
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating a THz communication method applicable to this specification.
- THz waves are located between the RF (Radio Frequency)/millimeter (mm) and infrared bands, and (i) compared to visible light/infrared rays, they penetrate non-metallic/non-polarizable materials well, and compared to RF/millimeter waves, they have a shorter wavelength, so they have high straightness and can enable beam focusing.
- the frequency band expected to be used for THz wireless communication may be the D-band (110 GHz to 170 GHz) or H-band (220 GHz to 325 GHz) bands where propagation loss due to absorption of molecules in the air is small.
- standardization discussions for THz wireless communication are being centered around the IEEE 802.15 THz WG (working group), and standard documents issued by the TG (task group) of IEEE 802.15 (e.g., TG3d, TG3e) can specify or supplement the contents described in this specification.
- THz wireless communication can be applied to wireless cognition, sensing, imaging, wireless communication, THz navigation, etc.
- THz wireless communication scenarios can be classified into a macro network, a micro network, and a nanoscale network.
- THz wireless communication can be applied to vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) connections and backhaul/fronthaul connections.
- V2V vehicle-to-vehicle
- THz wireless communication can be applied to fixed point-to-point or multi-point connections such as indoor small cells, wireless connections in data centers, and near-field communications such as kiosk downloading.
- Table 5 below is a table showing examples of technologies that can be used in THz waves.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a THz wireless communication transceiver applicable to the present specification.
- THz wireless communication can be classified based on the method for THz generation and reception.
- THz generation methods can be classified into optical device or electronic device-based technologies.
- methods for generating THz using electronic components include a method using a semiconductor component such as a resonant tunneling diode (RTD), a method using a local oscillator and a multiplier, a MMIC (monolithic microwave integrated circuits) method using an integrated circuit based on a compound semiconductor HEMT (high electron mobility transistor), and a method using a Si-CMOS-based integrated circuit.
- a doubler tripler, multiplier, multiplier
- a doubler is applied to increase the frequency, and it passes through a subharmonic mixer and is radiated by an antenna. Since the THz band forms a high frequency, a doubler is essential.
- the multiplier is a circuit that has an output frequency that is N times that of the input, and matches it to a desired harmonic frequency and filters out all remaining frequencies.
- beamforming can be implemented by applying an array antenna, etc. to the antenna of Fig. 19.
- IF represents intermediate frequency
- tripler and multipler represent multipliers
- PA represents a power amplifier
- LNA represents a low noise amplifier
- PLL represents a phase-locked loop.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a THz signal generation method applicable to the present specification.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication transceiver applicable to the present specification.
- the optical device-based THz wireless communication technology refers to a method of generating and modulating a THz signal using an optical device.
- the optical device-based THz signal generation technology is a technology that generates an ultra-high-speed optical signal using a laser and an optical modulator, and converts it into a THz signal using an ultra-high-speed optical detector. Compared to a technology that uses only electronic devices, this technology makes it easy to increase the frequency, enables high-power signal generation, and obtains flat response characteristics in a wide frequency band.
- a laser diode, a wideband optical modulator, and an ultra-high-speed optical detector are required, as illustrated in FIG. 20.
- an optical coupler refers to a semiconductor device that transmits an electrical signal using optical waves to provide electrical isolation and coupling between circuits or systems
- a uni-travelling carrier photo-detector (UTC-PD) is one of the photodetectors, which uses electrons as active carriers and is a device that reduces the travel time of electrons by bandgap grading.
- UTC-PD is capable of detecting light at 150 GHz or higher.
- EDFA erbium-doped fiber amplifier
- PD photo detector
- OSA optical sub assembly that modularizes various optical communication functions (e.g., photoelectric conversion, electro-optical conversion, etc.) into a single component
- DSO digital storage oscilloscope
- Fig. 22 is a drawing illustrating a transmitter structure applicable to the present specification.
- Fig. 23 is a drawing illustrating a modulator structure applicable to the present specification.
- a general optical source of a laser can be passed through an optical wave guide to change the phase of a signal, etc.
- data is loaded by changing the electrical characteristics through a microwave contact, etc. Therefore, the optical modulator output is formed as a modulated waveform.
- An optical/electrical modulator (O/E converter) can generate a THz pulse according to an optical rectification operation by a nonlinear crystal, an optical/electrical conversion by a photoconductive antenna, an emission from a bunch of relativistic electrons, etc.
- a terahertz pulse (THz pulse) generated in the above manner can have a length in the unit of femto second to pico second.
- An optical/electronic converter (O/E converter) performs down conversion by utilizing the non-linearity of the device.
- the available bandwidth can be classified based on an oxygen attenuation of 10 ⁇ 2 dB/km in the spectrum up to 1 THz. Accordingly, a framework may be considered in which the available bandwidth is composed of multiple band chunks. As an example of the framework, if the length of a THz pulse for one carrier is set to 50 ps, the bandwidth (BW) becomes approximately 20 GHz.
- Effective down conversion from the infrared band to the terahertz band (THz band) depends on how to utilize the nonlinearity of the optical/electrical converter (O/E converter). That is, in order to down convert to a desired terahertz band (THz band), it is required to design an optical/electrical converter (O/E converter) that has the most ideal nonlinearity for moving to the terahertz band (THz band). If an optical/electrical converter (O/E converter) that does not match the target frequency band is used, there is a high possibility that errors will occur in the amplitude and phase of the pulse.
- a terahertz transmit/receive system can be implemented using one optical-to-electrical converter.
- the number of optical-to-electrical converters may be required as many as the number of carriers.
- this phenomenon will be prominent.
- a frame structure for the multi-carrier system can be considered.
- a signal down-converted based on an optical-to-electrical converter can be transmitted in a specific resource area (e.g., a specific frame).
- the frequency area of the specific resource area can include a plurality of chunks. Each chunk can be composed of at least one component carrier (CC).
- CC component carrier
- the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device (200a, 200b) of the present specification may include not only LTE, NR, and 6G, but also Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication.
- NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, and may be implemented with standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and/or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the above-described names.
- the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device (XXX, YYY) of the present specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology.
- LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology, and may be called by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication).
- the LTE-M technology can be implemented by at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and/or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described names.
- the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device (200a, 200b) of the present specification can include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-described names.
- ZigBee technology can create PAN (personal area networks) related to small/low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and can be called by various names.
- the contents discussed above can be applied in combination with the embodiments proposed in the present specification to be described later, or can be supplemented to clarify the technical features of the embodiments proposed in the present specification.
- the embodiments described below are distinguished only for the convenience of explanation, and it goes without saying that some components of one embodiment can be replaced with some components of another embodiment or applied in combination with each other.
- the present disclosure relates to a wireless transmission device, method, and procedure for transmitting the same data from one device (e.g., a base station or an AP, etc.) to multiple devices (e.g., terminals, etc.).
- NR MBS Multicast/Broadcast Service
- the base station can transmit the same data to multiple terminals using the same downlink radio resources, i.e., PDSCH.
- the base station can transmit the same data repeatedly multiple times or perform retransmission according to HARQ-ACK (Hybrid Automatic Repeat request Acknowledgement) feedback. In case of repeated transmission, the same data can be transmitted repeatedly for each slot.
- HARQ-ACK Hybrid Automatic Repeat request Acknowledgement
- the base station can be configured to transmit ACK or NACK for each terminal, or can be configured to transmit nothing when no error occurs (Discontinuous Transmission, DTX) and to transmit NACK only when an error occurs.
- DTX discontinuous Transmission
- the base station can configure multiple terminals to use the same PUCCH resource.
- the present disclosure describes a device, method, and procedure that allows one device (e.g., a base station or an AP, etc.) to efficiently transmit the same data to multiple devices (e.g., terminals, etc.) in a wireless communication system.
- one device e.g., a base station or an AP, etc.
- multiple devices e.g., terminals, etc.
- NR MBS can increase transmission reliability by repeatedly transmitting the same data in each slot, but it has the disadvantage of increasing the usage of radio resources and increasing transmission delay.
- the efficiency of radio resource usage may decrease because the entire data must be retransmitted.
- the present disclosure describes a wireless transmission device, method and procedure that can increase transmission reliability, reduce transmission delay, and improve wireless resource efficiency in initial transmission and retransmission by using an erasure code when one device transmits the same data to multiple devices through the same wireless resource.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the present disclosure focuses on multicast. However, the present disclosure is not limited to multicast and can also be applied to broadcast.
- the present disclosure focuses on systematic erasure codes. However, the present disclosure is not limited to systematic erasure codes and can also be applied to non-systematic erasure codes.
- the present disclosure focuses on optimal erasure codes which require k error-free data and parity symbols to recover k data symbols including erroneous symbols.
- the present disclosure is not limited to optimal erasure codes and the present disclosure can also be applied to sub-optimal/near-optimal erasure codes which require k or slightly more error-free data and parity symbols, such as Raptor codes.
- a communication system may include one base station (BS) and multiple terminals (UE1 to UE5). Meanwhile, only one base station and five terminals (UE1 to UE5) are illustrated in FIG. 24, but this is only an example and is not limited thereto.
- the base station may transmit the same data to multiple terminals.
- the base station may transmit the same data to multiple terminals using the same downlink resource. For example, the base station may transmit data to multiple terminals in the following manner.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating an example of a data transmission method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a base station can transmit data to multiple terminals by dividing a transport block (TB) into multiple code blocks (CB) and applying an erasure code and then applying an inner channel code.
- a transport block TB
- CB code blocks
- an LDPC Low Density Parity Check
- a Turbo code Turbo code
- a Polar code can be used as the inner channel code
- a Raptor code a Random Linear code, or a RS (Reed-Solomon) code
- RS Random-Solomon
- the base station can divide a TB into multiple DCBs (Data Code Blocks) and perform erasure encoding between the CBs to generate one or more PCBs (Parity Code Blocks).
- DCBs Data Code Blocks
- PCBs Physical Code Blocks
- Each CB can be transmitted to multiple terminals after undergoing internal channel coding, rate matching, and modulation after adding a CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check).
- the plurality of terminals can perform demodulation, de-rate matching, and internal channel decoding on the received signal, and then check the CRC for each CB to determine whether there is an error. If at least one DCB has an error, and a sufficient number of CBs including both DCBs and PCBs to perform erasure decoding are received without errors, the terminals can perform erasure decoding between CBs to recover any remaining transmission errors. If there are still DCBs with errors after the erasure decoding process, the terminals can request the base station to retransmit. For example, the base station can transmit the CB to the plurality of terminals in the following manner.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating an example of a CB transmission method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a base station can divide one TB (Transmission block) into 16 DCBs and add three PCBs to generate a total of 19 CBs.
- the base station can transmit the 19 CBs to multiple terminals.
- the two DCBs in which errors occurred may not be recovered by internal channel decoding.
- the two DCBs in which errors occurred can be recovered by external erasure decoding using 17 error-free CBs including three PCBs (PCB 1, PCB 2, and PCB 3). In this case, transmission delay can be reduced because DCBs that were not recovered by internal channel decoding can be recovered without retransmission.
- the BLER of a TB based on the number of all CBs (including DCBs and PCBs), the number of DCBs, the number of PCBs, and the BLER of each CB can be expressed as in the following mathematical expression 1.
- Equation 1 can be the BLER of TB
- n can be the number of total CBs
- k can be the number of DCBs
- m can be the number of PCBs
- p can be the BLER of each of the CBs.
- the number of PCBs can be nk.
- the TB size may vary depending on the amount of data that the base station wants to transmit, available radio resources, channel conditions, etc. As the TB size varies, the number of DCBs included in one TB may vary, and the number of PCBs required to achieve the target BLER may also vary. Therefore, a method may be required in which the transmitter and receiver, or the base station and terminal, can dynamically share the number of DCBs and PCBs.
- the maximum number of DCBs (k max ) that can achieve the target TB BLER for each number of PCBs (m) and the corresponding maximum number of total CBs (n max ) can be expressed as in Table 6.
- Table 6 may be about the given target TB BLER and CB BLER as described above, and may be generated based on Equation 1.
- the maximum number of total CBs may be equal to the maximum number of DCBs plus the number of PCBs. For example, if a base station transmits two PCBs together with multiple DCBs, the number of DCBs for the TB BLER to be less than or equal to 0.001 may be less than or equal to 17. Also, the total number of CBs may be less than or equal to 19, which is the sum of 17 and 2.
- the TB group BLER which is the probability that a TB transmission error occurs in at least one of the multiple terminals, can be expressed as in the following mathematical expression 2.
- Equation 2 can be a TB group BLER, and N UE can be the number of multiple terminals.
- the TB group BLER can be expressed as the following mathematical expression 3.
- the minimum number of PCBs required according to the number of DCBs required for the TB group BLER to be less than or equal to the preset value is as follows.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating an example of a minimum number of PCBs according to the number of DCBs required for a TB group BLER to be less than or equal to a preset value according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- Figure 27 shows the minimum number of PCBs according to the number of DCBs required to ensure that the TB group BLER is 0.001 or less when the CB BLER is 0.01.
- the base station can determine the number of PCBs to achieve the target TB group BLER based on the number of DCBs and the number of terminals. For example, the base station can determine the number of PCBs in the following manner.
- the base station can determine the total number of PCBs (m) by considering both the basic number of PCBs (m 0 ), which is the number of PCBs required to achieve the target TB BLER when there is only one terminal, and the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ), which is the number of PCBs additionally required to achieve the target TB BLER as the number of terminals increases.
- the base station can determine the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ) based on a table based on target TB BLER and CB BLER. For example, the base station can determine the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ) based on Table 6 described above.
- the base station can generate a table including information about the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ) and the maximum number of total CBs (n max ).
- the maximum number of total CBs (n max ) may be the maximum number of total CBs corresponding to the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ).
- the base station can generate a table including information about the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ) and the maximum number of total CBs (n max ), as shown in Table 7 below.
- the base station can transmit to multiple terminals a table including information about the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ) and the maximum number of total CBs (n max ). For example, the base station can transmit to multiple terminals a table including information about the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ) and the maximum number of total CBs (n max ) via an RRC message.
- the base station may generate a table including information about an additional PCB indicator (API) and the number (m 1 ) of the additional PCBs.
- the number of additional PCBs may be the number (m 1 ) of additional PCBs corresponding to the additional PCB indicator (API).
- the base station may generate a table including information about an additional PCB indicator (API) and the number (m 1 ) of the additional PCBs as in Table 8.
- the base station can transmit to the multiple terminals a table including information about an additional PCB indicator (API) and the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ).
- the base station can transmit to the multiple terminals a table including information about an additional PCB indicator (API) and the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ) via an RRC message.
- the base station may not generate a table including information about the additional PCB indicator (API) and the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ).
- information about the additional PCB indicator (API) and the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ) may be specified in advance in a standard or the like.
- the base station can determine the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ).
- the base station can transmit information about the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ) to a plurality of terminals.
- the base station can transmit information about the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ) to the plurality of terminals through DCI (Downlink Control Information).
- the base station can further transmit information necessary for the plurality of terminals to obtain the total number of CBs (n) to the plurality of terminals through DCI.
- the information necessary for the plurality of terminals to obtain the total number of CBs (n) may include, but is not limited to, the number of radio resource elements (REs) allocated for data transmission, a code rate, a modulation order, and the number of layers.
- REs radio resource elements
- Each of the plurality of terminals can receive from the base station a table including information about the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ) and the maximum number of total CBs (n max ), a table including information about an additional PCB indicator (API) and the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ), and information about the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ).
- each of the plurality of terminals may receive from the base station a table including information about the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ) and the maximum number of total CBs (n max ) via an RRC message and a table including information about an additional PCB indicator (API) and the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ).
- the plurality of terminals may receive from the base station information about the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ) via DCI.
- Some of the DCBs initially transmitted by the base station to the terminal may have transmission errors, and the terminal may not be able to recover all transmission errors of the DCBs in which errors occurred by internal channel decoding and external erasure decoding.
- the base station may need to retransmit the DCBs to the terminal.
- the method of transmitting new PCBs may be a method in which the terminal performs external erasure decoding based on the new PCBs to recover the DCBs in which errors occurred.
- a base station can transmit the same data to multiple terminals located at different locations. Even if each of the multiple terminals receives the same data, errors may occur in different CBs because the channel environment from the base station is different. Therefore, when retransmitting DCBs in which errors occur, the number of DCBs to be retransmitted also increases as the number of terminals increases, and the amount of radio resources required for retransmission may increase.
- the base station can transmit new PCBs to the multiple terminals, and each of the multiple terminals can receive the new PCBs. Each of the multiple terminals can recover the DCBs in which errors occurred by external erasure decoding based on the new PCBs. That is, even if errors occur in different DCBs, each of the multiple terminals can recover different DCBs using the new PCBs. Therefore, even if the number of terminals increases, the amount of radio resources required for retransmission may not increase significantly.
- Each of the multiple terminals can feedback the number of additional PCBs required to the base station via PUCCH. That is, in the above example, both terminals can feedback to the base station that they need one additional new PCB.
- the base station can enable the multiple terminals to recover from the DCB error by retransmitting to the multiple terminals new PCBs that are greater than or equal to the largest number of additional PCBs required by each of the multiple terminals.
- the base station can transmit the three new PCBs to multiple UEs (UE1 to UE5).
- each of the multiple terminals can divide the entire range of the number of PCBs into several sections and indicate them. For example, if the number of DCBs is 16 as shown in Fig. 26, when there is no DCB with an error, i.e., when it is ACK, the terminal can feedback 0 to the base station using 2 bits, and if there are 1 or more but less than 5 additional PCBs required, the terminal can feedback 1 to the base station, if there are 6 or more but less than 10 PCBs, the terminal can feedback 2 to the base station, and if there are 11 or more but less than 16 PCBs, the terminal can feedback 3 to the base station.
- Dividing the entire range evenly in this way can be inefficient because the probability that 1 or 2 additional PCBs are needed is significantly higher than the probability that 15 or 16 additional PCBs are needed. Therefore, it can be efficient to divide the intervals according to the probability distribution of the number of additional PCBs that the terminal needs.
- the probability that the terminal needs 1 additional PCB is 33%
- the probability that it needs 2 to 4 additional PCBs is 33%
- the probability that it needs 5 or more additional PCBs is 34%
- the terminal may divide the number of additional PCBs required by the terminal unequally according to probability distribution, etc., and feed it back to the base station according to the number of DCBs.
- the terminal may transmit HARQ-ACK feedback to the base station based on the following Table 9.
- class may be a value determined based on the probability distribution of the number of additional PCBs required by the terminal.
- the required PUCCH may also increase as the number of terminals increases.
- the required PUCCH can be reduced by multiple terminals sharing PUCCH resources for HARQ-ACK.
- each terminal can transmit nothing (DTX) if there is no error and transmit NACK only if there is an error.
- each PUCCH resource is called A, B, and C
- each UE can transmit NACK only on PUCCH A to transmit HARQ-ACK feedback 1, NACK only on PUCCH B to transmit HARQ-ACK feedback 2, and NACK only on PUCCH C to transmit HARQ-ACK feedback 3. If there is no transmission error, i.e., if HARQ-ACK feedback is 0, nothing can be transmitted on all PUCCHs.
- HARQ-ACK feedback PUCCH Resources Power offset Frequency Resources Time Resources (OFDM Symbols) 1 A 0dB 1 RB 2 OFDM symbols 2 B 1dB 2 RB 4 OFDM symbols 3 C 3dB 3 RB 7 OFDM symbols
- Figure 28 shows an example of a procedure in which a base station transmits the same data to multiple terminals through the same radio resource. For convenience of explanation, only one terminal is shown in Figure 28, but multiple terminals may perform the same operation.
- the base station can generate a table including information about the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ) and the maximum number of total CBs (n max ) (S2810).
- the base station can generate a table including information about the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ) and the maximum number of total CBs (n max ) as in Table 7.
- the base station can transmit an RRC message to the terminal (S2830).
- the RRC message can include a table including information about the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ) generated in S2810 and the maximum number of total CBs (n max ) and a table including information about an additional PCB indicator (API) generated in S2820 and the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ).
- the base station can use a message specific to each terminal (UE-specific) depending on the service, or can use a cell-specific message that all terminals can receive, such as a SIB (System Information Block).
- SIB System Information Block
- the base station can determine the number of DCBs (k), the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ), and the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ) (S2840). The base station can determine the number of DCBs, the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ), and the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ) according to the size of data to be transmitted, available radio resources, channel environment, and the number of terminals.
- the base station can transmit DCI to the terminal (S2850).
- the DCI can include information on radio resource allocation of the PDSCH to transmit data, information on modulation and coding methods, and API.
- the base station can transmit DCI to multiple terminals through a common PDCCH that multiple terminals can receive.
- the terminal can receive DCI from the base station (S2850).
- the terminal can obtain information about the number of total CBs (n), the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ), the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ), and the number of DCBs (k) (S2860).
- the terminal can obtain information about the number of total CBs (n), the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ), the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ), and the number of DCBs (k) based on the RRC message received in S2830 and the DCI received in S2850. This is described in detail as follows.
- FIG. 29 is a flowchart of a method for obtaining the number of DCBs according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the terminal can obtain information about the total number of CBs (n) (S2910).
- the terminal can obtain information about the total number of CBs (n) based on a table including information about the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ) and the maximum number of total CBs (n max ) included in the RRC message, a table including information about an additional PCB indicator (API) and the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ), and information about radio resource allocation information of a PDSCH to transmit data included in the DCI and information about a modulation and coding method.
- API additional PCB indicator
- m 1 information about radio resource allocation information of a PDSCH to transmit data included in the DCI and information about a modulation and coding method.
- the terminal can obtain 3 as the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ) from Table 8.
- the terminal can obtain information about the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ) (S2930).
- the terminal can obtain information about the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ) based on a table including information about the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ) and the maximum number of total CBs (n max ), information about the number of total CBs (n) obtained in S2910, and information about the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ) obtained in S2920, which are included in the RRC message.
- the terminal can obtain the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ) corresponding to the smallest maximum number of total CBs (n max ) that is not smaller than the difference between the number of total CBs (n) and the number of additional PCBs (m 1 ) and the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ).
- the terminal can obtain 75 as the maximum number of total CBs (n max ) greater than or equal to 73 by subtracting 3 as the number of additional PCBs (m1) from 76 as the total number of CBs (n) based on Table 7, and can obtain 4 as the number of basic PCBs (m 0 ) corresponding to this.
- the terminal can obtain information about the number (k) of DCBs (S2940).
- the terminal can obtain information about the number (k) of DCBs by subtracting the number (m) of total PCBs from the number (n) of total CBs.
- the number (m) of total PCBs may be the sum of the number (m 0 ) of basic PCBs and the number (m 1 ) of additional PCBs.
- the terminal can obtain 7 as the total number (m) of PCBs, and obtain 69 as the number (k) of DCBs by subtracting the number (m) of total PCBs, 7, from the total number (n) of CBs, 76.
- the base station can transmit the PDSCH to the terminal (S2870).
- the terminal can receive the PDSCH from the base station (S2870).
- the terminal can receive the PDSCH from the base station based on the information included in the DCI received in S2850, the total number of CBs (n), the number of DCBs (k), and the total number of PCBs (m) acquired in S2860.
- FIG. 30 is a flowchart of a signal transmission and reception method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the method may further include a step of the terminal receiving one or more synchronization signals from the base station and a step of the terminal receiving control information from the base station prior to step S3010 of FIG. 30.
- the terminal can receive an RRC message from the base station including first information about the number of additional PCB indicators and first additional PCBs and second information about the number of first basic PCBs and the maximum value of the number of CBs (S3010).
- the first information may include a table (e.g., Table 8) regarding the number of first additional PCBs based on the additional PCB indicator and the number of first additional PCBs
- the second information may include a table (e.g., Table 7) regarding the number of first basic PCBs and the maximum value of the number of CBs based on the number of first basic PCBs.
- the terminal can receive DCI including third information about resource allocation information and fourth information about additional PCB indicators from the base station (S3020).
- the third information may further include information on radio resource allocation of the PDSCH to transmit data or information on modulation and coding methods.
- the terminal can obtain information about a first number, which is the number of total CBs, information about a second number, which is the number of second additional PCBs, information about a third number, which is the number of second basic PCBs, and information about a fourth number, which is the number of DCBs, based on at least one of the first information, the second information, the third information, or the fourth information (S3030).
- the terminal can obtain information about a first number, which is the total number of CBs, based on the first information, the second information, and the third information, obtain information about a second number based on the first information and the fourth information, obtain information about a third number based on the second information, the information about the first number, and the information about the second number, and obtain information about a fourth number based on the information about the first number, the information about the second number, and the information about the third number.
- a first number which is the total number of CBs
- the terminal can receive a PDSCH from the base station based on a second number of second additional PCBs, a third number of second basic PCBs, and a fourth number of DCBs (S3040).
- the terminal can generate HARQ-ACK feedback based on the number of DCBs in which errors occurred among the fourth number of DCBs included in the PDSCH (S3050).
- the terminal may receive an RRC message including fifth information about the number of bits and parameters of HARQ-ACK feedback from the base station, determine a fifth number as the number of PCBs additionally required to recover DCBs in which errors occurred based on the number of PCBs in which no errors occurred among the second number and the third number of PCBs and the number of DCBs in which errors occurred, and generate HARQ-ACK feedback based on the information about the fourth number, the fifth information, and the information about the fifth number.
- the terminal may receive a fifth or more number of PCBs from the base station in response to the HARQ-ACK feedback, or may re-receive a first number of all CBs from the base station.
- Figure 31 is a flowchart of a signal transmission and reception method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the first information may include a table (e.g., Table 8) regarding the number of first additional PCBs based on the additional PCB indicator and the number of first additional PCBs
- the second information may include a table (e.g., Table 7) regarding the number of first basic PCBs and the maximum value of the number of CBs based on the number of first basic PCBs.
- the base station can transmit an RRC message including first information and second information to multiple terminals (S3120).
- the base station can determine the first number, which is the number of total CBs, the second number, which is the number of second additional PCBs, the third number, which is the number of second basic PCBs, and the fourth number, which is the number of DCBs, based on the first information, the second information, and the third information regarding resource allocation information (S3130).
- the base station can determine the second number, which is the number of second additional PCBs, by further considering the number of multiple terminals in addition to the first information, the second information, and the third information.
- the base station can transmit DCI including fourth information regarding additional PCB indicators related to the third information and the second number to multiple terminals (S3140).
- the base station can transmit a PDSCH (physical downlink shard channel) including a second number of second additional PCBs, a third number of second basic PCBs, and a fourth number of DCBs to multiple terminals (S3150).
- PDSCH physical downlink shard channel
- the base station can receive HARQ-ACK (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement) feedback from multiple terminals (S3160).
- HARQ-ACK Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement
- the base station transmits an RRC message including fifth information about the number of bits and parameters of HARQ-ACK feedback to a plurality of terminals, and based on the fourth number of bits and the fifth information, the base station can receive HARQ-ACK feedback from the plurality of terminals.
- the base station can receive HARQ-ACK feedback from a plurality of terminals via at least one of the shared PUCCHs.
- the power offset, frequency resource, and time resource of the shared PUCCHs can be determined based on information transmitted to the plurality of terminals in advance via an RRC message, etc.
- At least one of the power offset of each of the plurality of shared PUCCHs, the size of the frequency resource of each of the plurality of PUCCHs, or the size of the time resource of each of the plurality of PUCCHs can be different.
- the base station can obtain a sixth number of additional PCBs that are additionally required for all terminals to recover DCBs in which errors occurred from the received HARQ-ACK feedback.
- the base station can transmit PCBs greater than or equal to the sixth number to the multiple terminals, or retransmit the first number of all CBs to the multiple terminals.
- Embodiments according to the present specification may be implemented by various means, for example, hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
- an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by one or more ASICs (application specific integrated circuits), DSPs (digital signal processors), DSPDs (digital signal processing devices), PLDs (programmable logic devices), FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, and the like.
- ASICs application specific integrated circuits
- DSPs digital signal processors
- DSPDs digital signal processing devices
- PLDs programmable logic devices
- FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
- processors controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, and the like.
- an embodiment of the present specification may be implemented in the form of a module, procedure, function, etc. that performs the functions or operations described above.
- the software code may be stored in a memory and may be driven by a processor.
- the memory may be located inside or outside the processor and may exchange data with the processor by various means already known.
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Abstract
Description
| m | 목표 TB BLER = 0.01 | 목표 TB BLER = 0.001 | 목표 TB BLER = 0.0001 | |||
| nmax | kmax | nmax | kmax | nmax | kmax | |
| 1 | 15 | 14 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 1 |
| 2 | 44 | 42 | 19 | 17 | 9 | 7 |
| 3 | 83 | 80 | 44 | 41 | 24 | 21 |
| 4 | 129 | 125 | 75 | 71 | 46 | 42 |
| 5 | 180 | 175 | 112 | 107 | 73 | 68 |
| 6 | 234 | 228 | 154 | 148 | 105 | 99 |
| 7 | 292 | 285 | 199 | 192 | 141 | 134 |
| 8 | 353 | 345 | 248 | 240 | 180 | 172 |
| 9 | 415 | 406 | 299 | 290 | 223 | 214 |
| 10 | 479 | 469 | 352 | 342 | 268 | 258 |
| m0 | nmax |
| 1 | 5 |
| 2 | 19 |
| 3 | 44 |
| 4 | 75 |
| 5 | 112 |
| 6 | 154 |
| 7 | 199 |
| 8 | 248 |
| 9 | 299 |
| 10 | 352 |
| API | m1 |
| 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 1 |
| 2 | 3 |
| 3 | 6 |
| 단말이 필요한 추가 PCB 개수 | HARQ-ACK 피드백 | 기지국의 재전송 방법 |
| 0 | 0 | N/A. |
| 1 | 개 이상의 새로운 PCB 전송 | |
| 2 | 개 이상의 새로운 PCB 전송 | |
| 3 | 최초 전송의 모든 CB 재전송 |
| 단말이 필요한 추가 PCB 개수 | HARQ-ACK 피드백 | 기지국의 재전송 방법 |
| 0 | 0 | N/A. |
| 1 | 1 | 1개 이상의 새로운 PCB 전송 |
| 2 ~ 4 | 2 | 4개 이상의 새로운 PCB 전송 |
| 5 ~ 16 | 3 | 최초 전송의 모든 CB 재전송 |
| HARQ-ACK 피드백 | PUCCH 자원 | 파워 오프셋 | 주파수 자원 | 시간 자원 (OFDM 심볼) |
| 1 | A | 0dB | 1 RB | 2 OFDM 심볼 |
| 2 | B | 1dB | 2 RB | 4 OFDM 심볼 |
| 3 | C | 3dB | 3 RB | 7 OFDM 심볼 |
Claims (17)
- 무선 통신 시스템에서 단말(user equipment, UE)에 의하여 수행되는 방법에 있어서,기지국(base station, BS)으로부터 하나 이상의 동기 신호를 수신하는 단계;상기 기지국으로부터 제어 정보를 수신하는 단계;상기 기지국으로부터 추가 PCB(parity code block) 지시자 및 제1 추가 PCB의 개수에 관한 제1 정보 및 제1 기본 PCB의 개수 및 CB(code block) 개수의 최대 값에 관한 제2 정보를 포함하는 RRC(radio resource control)메시지를 수신하는 단계;상기 기지국으로부터 자원 할당 정보에 관한 제3 정보 및 상기 추가 PCB 지시자에 관한 제4 정보를 포함하는 DCI(downlink control information)를 수신하는 단계;상기 제1 정보, 상기 제2 정보, 상기 제3 정보 또는 상기 제4 정보 중 적어도 하나에 기초하여 전체 CB의 개수인 제1 개수에 관한 정보, 제2 추가 PCB의 개수인 제2 개수에 관한 정보, 제2 기본 PCB의 개수인 제3 개수에 관한 정보 및 DCB(Data Code Block)의 개수인 제4 개수에 관한 정보를 획득하는 단계;상기 기지국으로부터, 상기 제2 개수의 제2 추가 PCB들, 상기 제3 개수의 제2 기본 PCB들 및 상기 제4 개수의 DCB들을 기초로, PDSCH(physical downlink shared channel)를 수신하는 단계;상기 PDSCH에 포함된 상기 제4 개수의 DCB들 중 오류가 발생한 DCB들의 개수를 기초로 HARQ-ACK(Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement) 피드백을 생성하는 단계; 및상기 기지국에 상기 HARQ-ACK 피드백을 전송하는 단계를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 정보는 상기 추가 PCB 지시자 및 상기 추가 PCB 지시자에 기반한 상기 제1 추가 PCB의 개수에 관한 표를 포함하고,상기 제2 정보는 상기 제1 기본 PCB의 개수 및 상기 제1 기본 PCB의 개수에 기반한 상기 CB 개수의 최대 값에 관한 표를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1 정보, 상기 제2 정보, 상기 제3 정보 또는 상기 제4 정보 중 적어도 하나에 기초하여 전체 CB의 개수인 제1 개수에 관한 정보, 제2 추가 PCB의 개수인 제2 개수에 관한 정보, 제2 기본 PCB의 개수인 제3 개수에 관한 정보 및 DCB(Data Code Block)의 개수인 제4 개수에 관한 정보를 획득하는 단계는,상기 제1 정보, 상기 제2 정보 및 상기 제3 정보를 기초로 상기 전체 CB의 개수인 상기 제1 개수에 관한 정보를 획득하는 단계;상기 제1 정보 및 상기 제4 정보를 기초로 제2 개수에 관한 정보를 획득하는 단계;상기 제2 정보, 상기 제1 개수에 관한 정보 및 상기 제2 개수에 관한 정보를 기초로 제3 개수에 관한 정보를 획득하는 단계; 및상기 제1 개수에 관한 정보, 상기 제2 개수에 관한 정보 및 상기 제3 개수에 관한 정보를 기초로 상기 제4 개수에 관한 정보를 획득하는 단계를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 PDSCH에 포함된 상기 제4 개수의 DCB들 중 오류가 발생한 DCB들의 개수를 기초로 상기 HARQ-ACK 피드백을 생성하는 단계는,상기 기지국으로부터 HARQ-ACK 피드백의 비트 수 및 매개변수들(parameters)에 관한 제5 정보를 포함하는 RRC 메시지를 수신하는 단계;상기 제2 개수와 상기 제3 개수의 PCB들 중 오류가 발생하지 않은 PCB들의 개수 및 상기 오류가 발생한 DCB들의 개수를 기초로 상기 오류가 발생한 DCB들을 복구하기 위해 추가적으로 필요한 PCB들의 개수인 제5 개수를 결정하는 단계; 및상기 제4 개수에 관한 정보, 상기 제5 정보 및 상기 제5 개수에 관한 정보를 기초로 상기 HARQ-ACK 피드백을 생성하는 단계를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 기지국에 상기 HARQ-ACK 피드백을 전송하는 단계는,상기 기지국으로부터 상기 오류가 발생한 DCB들을 복구하기 위해 추가적으로 필요한 PCB들의 개수인 제5 개수 이상의 PCB들을 수신하거나, 또는,상기 기지국으로부터 상기 제1 개수의 상기 전체 CB들을 재수신하는 단계를 더 포함하는, 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 기지국에 상기 HARQ-ACK 피드백을 전송하는 단계는,상기 기지국으로부터 복수의 공유 PUCCH들의 파워 오프셋, 주파수 자원 및 시간 자원 중 적어도 하나에 관한 제6 정보를 포함하는 RRC 메시지를 수신하는 단계; 및상기 기지국에, 상기 제6 정보를 기초로, 상기 HARQ-ACK 피드백과 관련된 공유 PUCCH를 통해 상기 HARQ-ACK 피드백을 전송하는 단계를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서,상기 복수의 공유 PUCCH들 각각의 파워 오프셋, 상기 복수의 PUCCH들 각각의 상기 주파수 자원의 크기 또는 상기 복수의 PUCCH들 각각의 상기 시간 자원의 크기 중 적어도 하나는 상이한, 방법.
- 무선 통신 시스템에서 단말(user equipment, UE)에 있어서,송수신기; 및적어도 하나의 명령을 포함하는 메모리;상기 적어도 하나의 명령을 수행하는 적어도 하나의 프로세서를 포함하고,상기 적어도 하나의 명령은,기지국(base station, BS)으로부터 하나 이상의 동기 신호를 수신하는 단계;상기 기지국으로부터 제어 정보를 수신하는 단계;상기 기지국으로부터 추가 PCB(parity code block) 지시자 및 제1 추가 PCB의 개수에 관한 제1 정보 및 제1 기본 PCB의 개수 및 CB(code block) 개수의 최대 값에 관한 제2 정보를 포함하는 RRC 메시지를 수신하는 단계;상기 기지국으로부터 자원 할당 정보에 관한 제3 정보 및 상기 추가 PCB 지시자에 관한 제4 정보를 포함하는 DCI(downlink control information)를 수신하는 단계;상기 제1 정보, 상기 제2 정보, 상기 제3 정보 또는 상기 제4 정보 중 적어도 하나에 기초하여 전체 CB의 개수인 제1 개수에 관한 정보, 제2 추가 PCB의 개수인 제2 개수에 관한 정보, 제2 기본 PCB의 개수인 제3 개수에 관한 정보 및 DCB(Data Code Block)의 개수인 제4 개수에 관한 정보를 획득하는 단계;상기 기지국으로부터, 상기 제2 개수의 제2 추가 PCB들 상기 제3 개수의 제2 기본 PCB들 및 상기 제4 개수의 DCB들을 기초로, PDSCH(physical downlink shared channel)를 수신하는 단계;상기 PDSCH에 포함된 상기 제4 개수의 DCB들 중 오류가 발생한 DCB들의 개수를 기초로 HARQ-ACK(Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement) 피드백을 생성하는 단계; 및상기 기지국에 상기 HARQ-ACK 피드백을 전송하는 단계를 포함하는, 단말.
- 무선 통신 시스템에서 기지국(base station, BS)에 의하여 수행되는 방법에 있어서,복수의 단말(user equipment, US)에 하나 이상의 동기 신호를 전송하는 단계;상기 복수의 단말에 제어 정보를 전송하는 단계;추가 PCB(parity code block) 지시자 및 제1 추가 PCB의 개수에 관한 제1 정보 및 제1 기본 PCB의 개수 및 CB(code block) 개수의 최대 값에 관한 제2 정보를 생성하는 단계;상기 복수의 단말에 상기 제1 정보 및 상기 제2 정보를 포함하는 RRC(radio resource control) 메시지를 전송하는 단계;상기 제1 정보, 상기 제2 정보 및 자원 할당 정보에 관한 제3 정보에 기반하여 전체 CB의 개수인 제1 개수, 제2 추가 PCB의 개수인 제2 개수, 제2 기본 PCB의 개수인 제3 개수 및 DCB(data code block)의 개수인 제4 개수를 결정하는 단계;상기 복수의 단말에 상기 제3 정보 및 상기 제2 개수와 관련된 추가 PCB 지시자에 관한 제4 정보를 포함하는 DCI(downlink control information)를 전송하는 단계;상기 복수의 단말에, 상기 제2 개수의 제2 추가 PCB들, 상기 제3 개수의 제2 기본 PCB들 및 상기 제4 개수의 DCB들을 기초로, PDSCH(physical downlink shard channel)를 전송하는 단계; 및상기 복수의 단말로부터 HARQ-ACK(Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement) 피드백을 수신하는 단계를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 제1 정보는 상기 추가 PCB 지시자 및 상기 추가 PCB 지시자에 기반한 상기 제1 추가 PCB의 개수에 관한 표를 포함하고,상기 제2 정보는 상기 제1 기본 PCB의 개수 및 상기 제1 기본 PCB의 개수에 기반한 상기 CB 개수의 최대 값에 관한 표를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 복수의 단말로부터 상기 HARQ-ACK 피드백을 수신하는 단계는,상기 복수의 단말에 HARQ-ACK 피드백의 비트 수 및 매개변수들(parameters)에 관한 제5 정보를 포함하는 RRC 메시지를 전송하는 단계; 및상기 복수의 단말로부터, 상기 제4 개수에 관한 정보 및 상기 제5 정보를 기초로, HARQ-ACK 피드백을 수신하는 단계를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 복수의 단말로부터 상기 HARQ-ACK 피드백을 수신하는 단계는,상기 복수의 단말 모두가 오류가 발생한 DCB들을 복구하기 위해 추가적으로 필요한 추가 PCB 개수인 제6 개수를 획득하는 단계; 및상기 복수의 단말에 상기 제6 개수 이상의 PCB들을 전송하거나, 또는,상기 복수의 단말에 상기 제1 개수의 상기 전체 CB들을 재전송하는 단계를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 복수의 단말로부터 상기 HARQ-ACK 피드백을 수신하는 단계는,상기 복수의 단말에 복수의 공유 PUCCH들의 파워 오프셋, 주파수 자원 또는 시간 자원 중 적어도 하나에 관한 제6 정보를 포함하는 RRC 메시지를 전송하는 단계; 및상기 복수의 단말로부터, 상기 제6 정보를 기초로, 상기 HARQ-ACK 피드백을 공유 PUCCH(Physical Uplink Control Channel)들 중 적어도 하나를 통해 수신하는 단계를 포함하는, 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서,상기 복수의 공유 PUCCH들 각각의 파워 오프셋, 상기 복수의 PUCCH들 각각의 상기 주파수 자원의 크기 또는 상기 복수의 PUCCH들 각각의 상기 시간 자원의 크기 중 적어도 하나는 상이한, 방법.
- 무선 통신 시스템에서 기지국(base station, BS)에 있어서,송수신기; 및적어도 하나의 명령을 포함하는 메모리;상기 적어도 하나의 명령을 수행하는 적어도 하나의 프로세서를 포함하고,상기 적어도 하나의 명령은,복수의 단말(user equipment, US)에 하나 이상의 동기 신호를 전송하는 단계;상기 복수의 단말에 제어 정보를 전송하는 단계;추가 PCB(parity code block) 지시자 및 제1 추가 PCB의 개수에 관한 제1 정보 및 제1 기본 PCB의 개수 및 CB(code block) 개수의 최대 값에 관한 제2 정보를 생성하는 단계;상기 복수의 단말에 상기 제1 정보 및 상기 제2 정보를 포함하는 RRC(radio resource control) 메시지를 전송하는 단계;상기 제1 정보, 상기 제2 정보 및 자원 할당 정보에 관한 제3 정보에 기반하여 전체 CB의 개수인 제1 개수, 제2 추가 PCB의 개수인 제2 개수, 제2 기본 PCB의 개수인 제3 개수 및 DCB(data code block)의 개수인 제4 개수를 결정하는 단계;상기 복수의 단말에 상기 제3 정보 및 상기 제2 개수와 관련된 추가 PCB 지시자에 관한 제4 정보를 포함하는 DCI(downlink control information)를 전송하는 단계;상기 복수의 단말에, 상기 제2 개수의 제2 추가 PCB들, 상기 제3 개수의 제2 기본 PCB들 및 상기 제4 개수의 DCB들을 기초로, PDSCH(physical downlink shard channel)를 전송하는 단계; 및상기 복수의 단말로부터 HARQ-ACK(Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement) 피드백을 수신하는 단계를 포함하는, 기지국.
- 하나 이상의 메모리들 및 상기 하나 이상의 메모리들과 기능적으로 연결되어 있는 하나 이상의 프로세서들을 포함하는 장치에 있어서,상기 하나 이상의 프로세서들은 상기 장치가,기지국(base station, BS)으로부터 하나 이상의 동기 신호를 수신하고,상기 기지국으로부터 제어 정보를 수신하고,상기 기지국으로부터 추가 PCB(parity code block) 지시자 및 제1 추가 PCB의 개수에 관한 제1 정보 및 제1 기본 PCB의 개수 및 CB(code block) 개수의 최대 값에 관한 제2 정보를 포함하는 RRC 메시지를 수신하고,상기 기지국으로부터 자원 할당 정보에 관한 제3 정보 및 상기 추가 PCB 지시자에 관한 제4 정보를 포함하는 DCI(downlink control information)를 수신하고,상기 제1 정보, 상기 제2 정보, 상기 제3 정보 또는 상기 제4 정보 중 적어도 하나에 기초하여 전체 CB의 개수인 제1 개수에 관한 정보, 제2 추가 PCB의 개수인 제2 개수에 관한 정보, 제2 기본 PCB의 개수인 제3 개수에 관한 정보 및 DCB(Data Code Block)의 개수인 제4 개수에 관한 정보를 획득하고,상기 기지국으로부터, 상기 제2 개수의 제2 추가 PCB들, 상기 제3 개수의 제2 기본 PCB들 및 상기 제4 개수의 DCB들을 포함하는 PDSCH(physical downlink shared channel)를 수신하고,상기 PDSCH에 포함된 상기 제4 개수의 DCB들 중 오류가 발생한 DCB들의 개수를 기초로 HARQ-ACK(Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement) 피드백을 생성하고, 그리고,상기 기지국에 상기 HARQ-ACK 피드백을 전송하도록 동작하는, 장치.
- 하나 이상의 명령어를 저장하는 하나 이상의 비일시적(non-transitory) 컴퓨터 판독 가능 매체에 있어서,기지국(base station, BS)으로부터 하나 이상의 동기 신호를 수신하고,상기 기지국으로부터 제어 정보를 수신하고,상기 기지국으로부터 추가 PCB(parity code block) 지시자 및 제1 추가 PCB의 개수에 관한 제1 정보 및 제1 기본 PCB의 개수 및 CB(code block) 개수의 최대 값에 관한 제2 정보를 포함하는 RRC 메시지를 수신하고,상기 기지국으로부터 자원 할당 정보에 관한 제3 정보 및 상기 추가 PCB 지시자에 관한 제4 정보를 포함하는 DCI(downlink control information)를 수신하고,상기 제1 정보, 상기 제2 정보, 상기 제3 정보 또는 상기 제4 정보 중 적어도 하나에 기초하여 전체 CB의 개수인 제1 개수에 관한 정보, 제2 추가 PCB의 개수인 제2 개수에 관한 정보, 제2 기본 PCB의 개수인 제3 개수에 관한 정보 및 DCB(Data Code Block)의 개수인 제4 개수에 관한 정보를 획득하고,상기 기지국으로부터 상기 제2 개수의 제2 추가 PCB들, 상기 제3 개수의 제2 기본 PCB들 및 상기 제4 개수의 DCB들을 포함하는 PDSCH(physical downlink shared channel)를 수신하고,상기 PDSCH에 포함된 상기 제4 개수의 DCB들 중 오류가 발생한 DCB들의 개수를 기초로 HARQ-ACK(Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement) 피드백을 생성하고, 그리고,상기 기지국에 상기 HARQ-ACK 피드백을 전송하도록 동작하는, 컴퓨터 판독 가능 매체.
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| PCT/KR2023/006623 WO2024237366A1 (ko) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | 무선 통신 시스템에서 멀티캐스트 무선 전송 방법 및 장치 |
| EP23937598.3A EP4716129A1 (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Method and apparatus for multicast wireless transmission in wireless communication system |
| KR1020257037927A KR20260011141A (ko) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | 무선 통신 시스템에서 멀티캐스트 무선 전송 방법 및 장치 |
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| PCT/KR2023/006623 WO2024237366A1 (ko) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | 무선 통신 시스템에서 멀티캐스트 무선 전송 방법 및 장치 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20070080692A (ko) * | 2006-02-08 | 2007-08-13 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 에러 정정 블록, 에러 정정 블록의 생성 방법 및 장치,에러 정정 방법 |
| KR20140098231A (ko) * | 2011-11-30 | 2014-08-07 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 방송 데이터 송/수신장치 및 방법 |
| KR20190099314A (ko) * | 2017-03-23 | 2019-08-26 | 애플 인크. | 물리 계층 프레임들 상에 상이한 서비스들을 멀티플렉싱하기 위한 선취 표시자들 및 코드-블록-그룹-기반 재송신 기술들 |
| US20200083983A1 (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-03-12 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Decoding performance |
| KR20230012996A (ko) * | 2021-07-16 | 2023-01-26 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 슬롯 간 전송 블록 매핑 |
-
2023
- 2023-05-16 WO PCT/KR2023/006623 patent/WO2024237366A1/ko not_active Ceased
- 2023-05-16 KR KR1020257037927A patent/KR20260011141A/ko active Pending
- 2023-05-16 EP EP23937598.3A patent/EP4716129A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20070080692A (ko) * | 2006-02-08 | 2007-08-13 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 에러 정정 블록, 에러 정정 블록의 생성 방법 및 장치,에러 정정 방법 |
| KR20140098231A (ko) * | 2011-11-30 | 2014-08-07 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 방송 데이터 송/수신장치 및 방법 |
| KR20190099314A (ko) * | 2017-03-23 | 2019-08-26 | 애플 인크. | 물리 계층 프레임들 상에 상이한 서비스들을 멀티플렉싱하기 위한 선취 표시자들 및 코드-블록-그룹-기반 재송신 기술들 |
| US20200083983A1 (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-03-12 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Decoding performance |
| KR20230012996A (ko) * | 2021-07-16 | 2023-01-26 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 슬롯 간 전송 블록 매핑 |
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| KR20260011141A (ko) | 2026-01-22 |
| EP4716129A1 (en) | 2026-03-25 |
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