WO2024207571A1 - 电池组及无人机 - Google Patents

电池组及无人机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024207571A1
WO2024207571A1 PCT/CN2023/091214 CN2023091214W WO2024207571A1 WO 2024207571 A1 WO2024207571 A1 WO 2024207571A1 CN 2023091214 W CN2023091214 W CN 2023091214W WO 2024207571 A1 WO2024207571 A1 WO 2024207571A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
bracket
module
battery pack
box
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/091214
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
洪国强
李至淼
黄国坚
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eve Energy Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Eve Energy Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eve Energy Co Ltd filed Critical Eve Energy Co Ltd
Priority to EP23209619.8A priority Critical patent/EP4443605A1/en
Priority to US18/520,684 priority patent/US20240332669A1/en
Publication of WO2024207571A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024207571A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H01M10/6555—Rods or plates arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery pack and an unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • drone batteries As the main power source in the field of drones, battery packs can provide flying power for drones.
  • drone batteries generally do not have heat dissipation measures and thermal balancing measures.
  • the heat generated by the battery discharge rate during operation cannot be dissipated in time, resulting in excessive temperature rise.
  • the thermal efficiency of the battery cells in different positions is different, resulting in excessive temperature differences, which will cause the battery cycle life to decay and the service life to decrease.
  • batteries that need to be charged in time if the temperature is too high, they need to wait until the battery cools down before charging, which undoubtedly limits the normal use of drones.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a battery pack and a drone, which can utilize air convection to dissipate heat from the battery, thereby solving the problem of temperature rise of the battery pack during operation.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack, comprising:
  • a box assembly comprising a box, wherein a plurality of battery module compartments are arranged in the box, and the box is provided with at least one air duct, wherein the air duct is arranged between adjacent battery module compartments;
  • a battery module is installed in the battery module compartment, and the battery module abuts against the first side wall of the air duct;
  • the control module is installed in the box body, and the control module abuts against the second side wall of the air duct.
  • a first thermally conductive adhesive is disposed between the battery module and the first side wall, and the first thermally conductive adhesive is used to bond the battery module to the first side wall.
  • the box assembly further includes a side plate, the battery module compartment is opened on the side of the box, and the side plate is installed on the side of the box and covers the battery module compartment;
  • a second thermally conductive adhesive is provided between the battery module and the side plate, and the second thermally conductive adhesive is used to bond the battery module to the side plate.
  • the battery module includes a plurality of single cells, and heat sinks are attached to surfaces of the single cells.
  • the heat sinks are in direct contact with the first thermal conductive adhesive and the second thermal conductive adhesive, respectively.
  • the heat sink includes a main body and two folded edges, the folded edges are arranged on opposite sides of the main body, the main body is attached to a side surface of the single cell close to or away from the adjacent single cell, and the folded edges are attached to opposite side surfaces of the single cell.
  • the heat sink is made of copper or aluminum.
  • the battery module includes a bottom heat sink and a plurality of single cells, and the bottom heat sink is disposed between the single cells and the bottom of the box.
  • the battery module includes a heat insulation layer and a plurality of single cells, and the heat insulation layer is adhered to the surfaces of the single cells at the outermost sides of the battery module.
  • the material of the heat insulation layer is aerogel felt or foam material.
  • a heat conducting member is disposed between the control module and the second side wall, and the heat conducting member is in direct contact with the control module and the second side wall respectively.
  • control module includes a power distribution module, a battery management system and a bracket assembly, at least part of the power distribution module and at least part of the battery management system are respectively installed on both sides of the bracket assembly, and the bracket assembly is installed on the top of the air duct.
  • the bracket assembly includes a first bracket and a second bracket
  • the battery management system includes a battery management system host and a battery management system slave
  • the first bracket is connected to the second bracket
  • the power distribution module is installed on the side of the first bracket away from the second bracket
  • the battery management system host is installed on the side of the first bracket close to the second bracket
  • the battery management system slave is installed on the side of the second bracket close to the first bracket
  • the second bracket is installed on the top of the air duct.
  • the power distribution module includes a DC/DC control board, the DC/DC control board is fixedly mounted on the air duct, and the DC/DC control board is in direct contact with the heat conducting member.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a drone, comprising the battery pack as described above.
  • the battery pack includes a box assembly, a battery module and a power distribution module
  • the box assembly includes a box, a plurality of battery module compartments are arranged in the box, the box is provided with at least one air duct, the air duct is arranged between adjacent battery module compartments, the battery modules are installed in the battery module compartments, and the power distribution module is installed in the box, by abutting the battery module against the first side wall of the air duct and abutting the control module against the second side wall of the air duct, the heat generated by the battery module and the control module can be conducted to the box, the airflow can be introduced into the air duct to introduce the heat on the box into the environment by thermal convection, so that the heat generated by the rate discharge when the battery pack is working can be dissipated in time, avoiding excessive temperature rise, ensuring that the battery pack can operate within a good operating temperature range, which is beneficial to improving the working performance and service life of the battery pack.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG2 is an exploded view of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG3 is an exploded view of a box assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a box provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG5 is an exploded view of a battery module provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG6 is an exploded view of a battery management system and a power distribution module provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of a DC/DC control board provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a heat dissipation solution provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the names of the components corresponding to the corresponding reference numerals in the figure are: 100-battery pack, 1-box assembly, 101-upper cover, 102-upper cover waterproof ring, 103-box, 1031-box frame, 1032-air duct, 1033-first support frame, 1034-battery management system and power distribution module compartment, 1035-battery module compartment, 104-side panel, 105-side panel waterproof ring, 106-handle, 107-waterproof breathable valve, 108-power socket, 109-communication socket, 110-indicator light, 111-button switch, 112-push-pull handle, 2-battery module, 201-connecting plate top insulating sheet, 202-connecting plate, 203-connecting plate bottom insulating sheet, 204-battery buffer cotton, 205-monomer Battery, 206-heat sink, 207-insulation layer, 208-module bottom buffer cotton, 209-insulating silica gel, 210-bottom heat sink, 211
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements.
  • a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them.
  • a first feature being “above”, “above” and “above” a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • a first feature being “below”, “below” and “below” a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
  • the terms “upper”, “lower”, “right”, etc. are based on the directions or positions shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.
  • the terms “first” and “second” are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.
  • the battery pack 100 includes a box assembly 1, a battery module 2, a control module CM and a cable assembly 6, the box assembly 1 can be used to provide structural support, the box assembly 1 has an accommodating space inside, the control modules are installed on the upper side of the box assembly 1, the battery pack 100 has multiple battery modules 2, the box assembly has multiple battery module compartments, and the battery modules 2 are installed in the battery module compartments.
  • the box assembly 1 includes a box 103, which can be used as the main body of the battery pack structure, and the remaining accessories can be directly or indirectly locked and fixed to the box 103 through fasteners.
  • a plurality of battery module compartments 1035 are arranged in the box 103, and the box 103 is provided with at least one air duct 1032, which is arranged between adjacent battery module compartments 1035.
  • the box body 103 is composed of a box frame 1031, an air duct 1032 and a first support frame 1033, and the first support frame 1033 is fixedly mounted on the box frame 1031 by fasteners.
  • the air duct 1032 is arranged in the middle below the box frame 1031, and the battery module compartments 1035 are arranged on opposite sides below the box frame 1031, and the air duct 1032 is arranged between adjacent battery module compartments 1035.
  • the battery pack 100 has four battery modules 2 , and four battery module compartments 1035 are correspondingly arranged on two opposite sides below the box frame 1031 .
  • Each battery module 2 is fixedly installed in a corresponding battery module compartment 1035 .
  • the battery module compartment 1035 is opened on the side of the box body 103.
  • two openings are respectively opened on the surfaces of the front and rear opposite sides below the box body frame 1031, and the internal space exposed by the openings is in a hollow state, and the internal space is the battery module compartment 1035.
  • Two battery module compartments placed side by side are respectively arranged on each side of the air duct 1032, and the battery module 2 can be installed in the battery module compartment 1035 through the openings located on the front and rear side surfaces below the box body frame 1031.
  • the number of battery modules 2 included in the battery pack 100 can be selected according to actual needs, and is not limited to the 4 in this embodiment, but can also be 2 or more than 4, which is not limited here.
  • the number of battery module bays 1035 opened on the box 103 needs to match the number of battery modules 2.
  • the number of air ducts 1032 at the bottom of the box 103 can be set according to the number and arrangement of the battery module bays 1035.
  • the number of air ducts 1032 is not limited to 1 in this embodiment, but can also be 2 or more.
  • the multiple air ducts 1032 can be arranged side by side at intervals, and the battery module bays 1035 can be provided between the air ducts 1032 or on any side of the air ducts 1032.
  • the battery module 2 abuts against the first side wall 10321 of the air duct 1032.
  • the heat generated by the battery module 2 during operation can be conducted to the first side wall 10321, so that the heat of the battery module 2 can be dissipated through the air duct 1032.
  • a first thermally conductive adhesive 211 is disposed between the battery module 2 and the first side wall 10321 of the air duct 1032 .
  • the first thermally conductive adhesive 211 is used to bond the battery module 2 to the first side wall 10321 of the air duct 1032 .
  • the battery pack provided in this embodiment can be applied to the field of drones or electric vehicles. Taking a drone as an example, the battery pack can be used as a power source for the drone to provide flight power for the drone.
  • the heat generated by the battery module 2 when working can be conducted to the first side wall 10321 of the air duct 1032 through the first thermal conductive adhesive.
  • the aircraft platform can introduce the airflow into the air duct 1032, and introduce the heat on the first side wall 10321 of the air duct 1032 into the environment through thermal convection, so that the heat generated by the battery module 2 when working can be discharged in time.
  • the material of the first thermally conductive adhesive 211 may be thermally conductive silicone.
  • the first thermally conductive adhesive 211 may be applied to the side wall of the air duct 1032 or the surface of the battery module 2 by spraying or pasting, and then the battery module 2 is bonded to the side wall of the air duct 1032 .
  • the box assembly 1 further includes a side plate 104, which is mounted on the side of the box 103 and covers the battery module compartment 1035.
  • a second thermally conductive adhesive 212 is provided between the battery module 2 and the side plate 104, and the second thermally conductive adhesive 212 is used to bond the battery module 2 to the side plate 104.
  • the heat generated by the battery module 2 during operation can be conducted to the side plate 104 through the second thermally conductive adhesive 212, so that the battery module 2 can dissipate heat to the outside through the side plate 104.
  • the material of the second thermally conductive adhesive 212 may be thermally conductive silicone.
  • the second thermally conductive adhesive 212 may be applied to the surface of the side plate 104 close to the battery module 2 or the surface of the battery module 2 by spraying or pasting, and then the battery module 2 is bonded to the side plate 104.
  • the box assembly 1 includes two side panels 104, which are respectively installed on the front side and the rear side of the box 103 and cover the battery module compartment 1035 and the battery module 2.
  • the side panels 104 can be locked with the box 103 by fasteners, and a side panel waterproof ring 105 is provided between the side panels 104 and the box 103. After the side panels 104 and the box 103 are locked, the side panel waterproof ring 105 is compressed by force, which can play a role in sealing and waterproofing.
  • the box assembly 1 further includes an upper cover 101, which is mounted on the upper part of the box 103 and can be locked with the box 103 by fasteners.
  • An upper cover waterproof ring 102 is provided between the upper cover 101 and the box 103. After the upper cover 101 and the box 103 are locked, the upper cover waterproof ring 102 is compressed by force, which can play a role in sealing and waterproofing.
  • the box assembly 1 further includes a handle 106, a waterproof vent valve 107, a power socket 108, a communication socket 109, an indicator light 110, a button switch 111, and a push-pull handle 112.
  • the handles 106 are respectively disposed on the left and right opposite sides of the box 103, and the handles 106 can be locked with the box 103 by fasteners.
  • the handles 106 are used for lifting the battery pack during transportation.
  • the waterproof breathable valve 107, the power socket 108, the communication socket 109, the indicator light switch 110 and the button switch 111 are all installed on the upper front side of the box 103, and are all locked and fixed to the box 103 by fasteners.
  • the waterproof breathable valve 107 is used to balance the air pressure inside and outside the battery pack and quickly release the internal pressure.
  • the power socket 108 is used for the positive and negative pole transmission of the battery pack charging and discharging.
  • the communication socket 109 is used for communication and data transmission between the battery management system 3 of the battery pack and the host.
  • the indicator light 110 is used to indicate the working status of the battery pack.
  • the indicator light 110 may include 1 high-voltage output light, 1 fault light, 5 state of charge (SOC) lights and 5 health state (SOH) lights.
  • the button switch 111 is used to control the operating status of the battery pack, and the operating status includes sleep, wake-up and shutdown.
  • the push-pull handle 112 is locked and fixed to the front side of the box body 103 by fasteners.
  • the push-pull handle 112 can be used for pushing and pulling the battery pack on the main cabin platform.
  • control module CM abuts against the second side wall 10322 of the air duct 1032 , and the heat generated by the control module CM during operation can be conducted to the second side wall 10322 , thereby dissipating the heat of the control module CM through the air duct 1032 .
  • the bracket assembly 5 includes a first bracket 501 and a second bracket 502
  • the battery management system 3 includes at least one battery management system host 301 and multiple battery management system slaves 303
  • the first bracket 501 is connected to the second bracket 502
  • the power distribution module 4 is installed on the side of the first bracket 501 away from the second bracket 502
  • the battery management system host 301 is installed on the side of the first bracket 501 close to the second bracket 502
  • the battery management system slave 303 is installed on the side of the second bracket 502 close to the first bracket 501
  • the second bracket 502 is installed on the top of the air duct 1032.
  • the power distribution unit 404 is mainly used for on-off control of the main charging and discharging circuit of the battery pack.
  • the power distribution unit (PDU) 4 includes a DC/DC control board 410, and the DC/DC control board 410 is fixedly installed above the second side plate 10322 of the air duct 1032 by fasteners.
  • the power input of the DC/DC control board 410 can be provided by the battery pack itself, and the DC/DC control board 410 can convert the high-voltage (low-voltage) DC power output by the battery module 2 into a low-voltage (high-voltage) DC power supply.
  • the power output by the battery module 2 is converted by the voltage of the DC/DC control board 410, and the power is output to the battery management system 3, and the working state of the battery management system 3 is controlled by the button switch 111, such as sleep, ring and shutdown.
  • the heat conducting member 411 is disposed between the DC/DC control board 410 and the second side wall 10322 of the air duct 1032 , and is in direct contact with the DC/DC control board 410 and the second side wall 10322 of the air duct 1032 , respectively.
  • the main heat-generating devices in the DC/DC control board 410 are the DC/DC module and the diode.
  • the heat generated by the DC/DC module and the diode during operation can be conducted to the second side wall 10322 of the air duct 1032 through the heat conductor 411, and the air flow can be introduced into the air duct 1032 to conduct the heat on the box 103 into the environment through thermal convection.
  • the heat conducting member 411 may be a heat conducting silicone pad.
  • the material of the heat conducting member 411 is not limited to silicone, but may also be other insulating materials with good thermal conductivity, which is not limited here.
  • the power distribution module 4 also includes a pre-charge relay 401, a pre-charge resistor 402, a main negative relay 403, a bus bar 404, a shunt 405, an insulating column 406, a main positive relay 407 and a fuse 408.
  • An insulating material 409 is attached to the upper surface of the first bracket 501.
  • the pre-charge relay 401, the pre-charge resistor 402, the main negative relay 403, the bus bar 404, the shunt 405, the insulating column 406, the main positive relay 407, and the fuse 408 can be fixed on the upper surface of the first bracket 501 by fasteners.
  • the total positive output is connected to the fuse 408 through the cable, the fuse 408 is connected to the main positive relay 407 through the bus bar 404, and the main positive relay 407 is connected to the power socket 108 through the cable; after the battery modules 2 are connected in series, the total negative output is connected to the shunt 405 through the cable assembly 5, the shunt 405 is connected to the main negative relay 403 through the bus bar 404, and the main negative relay 403 is connected to the power socket 108 through the cable assembly 5.
  • the pre-charge relay 401 and the pre-charge resistor 402 are connected in series, the two are connected in parallel with the main positive relay 407 to play the role of pre-charging the capacitive load.
  • the battery management system 3 has the following functions: it has the function of sampling the system current, voltage, and temperature; it has the detection function of calculating and reporting the battery pack status; it has the battery pack temperature control function; it has the function of judging, processing, and reporting battery pack faults; it has the CAN communication function; it supports online debugging and upgrading; it has the indicator light control function; it has the button switch control function, etc.
  • the battery management system 3 includes a battery management system host 301 and two battery management system slaves 303, the battery management system host 301 is fixedly installed under the first bracket 501 by fasteners, and the battery management system slaves 303 are fixedly installed on the second bracket 502 by fasteners, and the first bracket 501 and the second bracket 502 are locked and installed together by fasteners through multiple second support brackets 302.
  • the battery management system 3 and the power distribution module 4 can be installed in the battery management system and power distribution module compartment 1034 in the space above the box 103 through the screw holes at the four corners of the first bracket 501 with fasteners, so that the battery management system 3 and the power distribution module 4 can be integrated into one.
  • the battery management system 3 collects the single cell voltage and temperature of each battery module 2 through the cable assembly 6, and the battery management system host 301 and the battery management system slave 303 communicate and transmit through the cable assembly 6.
  • the battery management system 301 can collect the temperature of the positive and negative poles of the power socket 108, the shunt 405, the pre-charge resistor 402 and the DC/DC module on the DC/DC control board 410.
  • the battery module 2 includes a plurality of single cells 205 , and heat sinks 206 are attached to the surfaces of the single cells 205 .
  • the heat sinks 206 are in direct contact with the first thermal conductive adhesive 211 and the second thermal conductive adhesive 212 , respectively.
  • the battery module 2 is mainly composed of an insulating sheet 201 at the top of the connecting plate, a connecting plate 202, an insulating sheet 203 at the bottom of the connecting plate, a battery buffer cotton 204, a single battery 205, a heat sink 206, an insulation layer 207, a module bottom buffer cotton 208, insulating silicone 209, and a bottom heat sink 210.
  • the single cell 205 is an aluminum-plastic film soft-pack single cell, and the single cell 205 can be stacked in a square perpendicular to the large side as shown in the figure.
  • a heat sink 206 is attached to the surface of each single cell 205 by double-sided tape, and the material of the heat sink 206 can be copper or aluminum.
  • the heat sink 206 includes a main body 2061 and two folded edges 2062.
  • the folded edges 2062 are arranged on opposite sides of the main body 2061.
  • the folded edges 2062 can be regarded as formed by folding the opposite sides of the main body 2061 at a certain angle.
  • the angle between the folded edges 2062 and the main body 2061 can be but not limited to 90°.
  • the heat sink 206 can be a U-shaped structure as a whole.
  • the main body 2061 is attached to a side surface of the single cell 205 close to or away from the adjacent single cell.
  • the folded edges 2062 are attached to the adjacent two side surfaces of the single cell 205 close to or away from the adjacent single cell.
  • the heat sink 206 can partially wrap the circumferential surface of the single cell 205.
  • the heat generated by the single cell 205 when working is thermally conducted to the main body 2061 in the middle of the heat sink 206, and then to the folded edges 2062 on both sides of the heat sink 206.
  • the folded edges 2062 of the heat sink 206 located on the two opposite sides of the single cell 205 are exposed and are in direct contact with the first thermal conductive adhesive 211 and the second thermal conductive adhesive 212 respectively.
  • the heat generated by the single cell 205 during operation can be conducted to the first thermal conductive adhesive 211 and the second thermal conductive adhesive 212 respectively through the two folded edges 2062 of the heat sink 206, and then conducted to the air duct 1032 and the side panel 104 respectively by the first thermal conductive adhesive 211 and the second thermal conductive adhesive 212.
  • the material of the battery buffer cotton 204 is silicone foam or EVA foam.
  • a battery buffer cotton 204 is placed between each single battery 205, and the battery buffer cotton 204 and the single battery 205 are adhered together by double-sided adhesive.
  • the battery buffer cotton 204 can be used for vibration and impact buffering of the battery pack.
  • the material of the heat insulating layer 207 is aerogel felt or foaming material, and the foaming material can be polyimide, EVA or silica gel, etc.
  • the heat insulating layer 207 is adhered to the surface of the outermost battery module 2 of the battery module 2, and the heat insulating layer 207 can be used for heat insulation to ensure that the heat dissipation rate of the single battery 205 located on the inner and outer sides of the battery module 2 is consistent, thereby ensuring the thermal balance between the single batteries.
  • the connecting plate 202 is arranged above the single cell 205, and the connecting plate 202 is a printed circuit board.
  • An insulating sheet 203 at the bottom of the connecting plate is arranged between the connecting plate 202 and the single cell 205, and the material of the insulating sheet 203 at the bottom of the connecting plate is PP or PC.
  • the tabs of multiple single cells 205 pass through the insulating sheet 203 at the bottom of the connecting plate and the preset openings of the connecting plate 202, and are laser welded through the copper busbar on the connecting plate 202 to achieve parallel connection.
  • the connecting plate 202 is provided with a voltage and temperature acquisition output connector, and the copper busbar is fixed to the connecting plate 202 by soldering, and the internal circuit laid on the connecting plate 202 is connected to the connector welding hole.
  • the bottom buffer cotton 208 is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the battery module 2, and the insulating silicone 209 is arranged on both sides of the bottom of the battery module 2.
  • the bottom buffer cotton 208 and the insulating silicone 209 are both used for buffering the bottom of the battery module.
  • the bottom heat sink 210 is disposed between the single battery 205 and the bottom of the box 103.
  • the bottom heat sink 210 is in direct contact with the box 103.
  • the bottom heat sink 210 and the single battery 205 may be in direct contact or indirect contact.
  • the material of the bottom heat sink 210 may be a metal material such as copper or aluminum, or an insulating material with good thermal conductivity such as silica gel.
  • the bottom heat sink 210 may be used to conduct the heat of the single battery 205 during operation to the bottom of the box 103, so as to dissipate the heat through the bottom of the box 103.
  • the battery pack also includes an insulation layer, which is arranged between the battery module 2 and the box assembly 1.
  • the insulation layer can insulate the rest of the battery module 2 from the box assembly 1, thereby ensuring that the heat dissipation rate of the single cells 205 located on the inside and outside of the battery module 2 is consistent, thereby ensuring thermal balance between the single cells.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a drone, the drone includes a fuselage and a battery pack, the fuselage is provided with a battery compartment, and the battery pack is installed in the battery compartment.
  • the battery pack included in the drone provided in this embodiment can be a battery pack of any one of the solutions provided in the above embodiment of the present application, and the specific structure of the battery pack can refer to the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the battery pack includes a box assembly, a battery module and a power distribution module
  • the box assembly includes a box, a plurality of battery module compartments are arranged in the box, the box is provided with at least one air duct, the air duct is arranged between adjacent battery module compartments, the battery modules are installed in the battery module compartments, and the power distribution module is installed in the box, by abutting the battery module against the first side wall of the air duct and abutting the control module against the second side wall of the air duct, the heat generated by the battery module and the control module can be conducted to the box, the airflow can be introduced into the air duct to introduce the heat on the box into the environment by thermal convection, so that the heat generated by the rate discharge when the battery pack is working can be dissipated in time, avoiding excessive temperature rise, ensuring that the battery pack can operate within a good operating temperature range, which is beneficial to improving the working performance and service life of the battery pack.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请提供一种电池组及无人机，该电池组包括箱体组件、电池模块和控制模块，箱体组件包括箱体，箱体内设置有电池模块舱位，箱体设置有风道，风道设置于相邻电池模块舱位之间，电池模块安装于电池模块舱位内，电池模块与风道的第一侧壁抵靠，控制模块安装于箱体内，控制模块与风道的第二侧壁抵靠。

Description

电池组及无人机 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池组及无人机。
 背景技术
电池组在无人机领域作为主要动力源，可以为无人机提供飞行动力。相关技术中无人机电池普遍没有散热措施以及热均衡措施，电池在工作时倍率放电产生的热量无法及时散出，导致温升过高，不同位置的电芯热效率不同，导致温差过大，而这将导致电池循环寿命衰减，使用寿命下降。对于需要及时充电的电池，过高的温度则需要等电池冷却后才能进行充电，这无疑限制了无人机的正常使用。
故，有必要提供一种电池组及无人机来改善这一缺陷。
 发明概述
本申请的实施例提供了一种电池组及无人机，可以利用空气对流对电池进行散热，解决电池组在工作时温升高的问题。
本申请的实施例提供了一种电池组，包括：
箱体组件，包括箱体，所述箱体内设置有多个电池模块舱位，所述箱体设置有至少一个风道，所述风道设置于相邻所述电池模块舱位之间；
电池模块，安装于所述电池模块舱位内，所述电池模块与所述风道的第一侧壁抵靠；
控制模块，安装于所述箱体内，所述控制模块与所述风道的第二侧壁抵靠。
在一实施例中，所述电池模块与所述第一侧壁之间设置有第一导热胶，所述第一导热胶用于将所述电池模块与所述第一侧壁粘接。
在一实施例中，所述箱体组件还包括侧板，所述电池模块舱位开设于所述箱体的侧面，所述侧板安装于所述箱体的侧面并且遮盖所述电池模块舱位；
其中，所述电池模块与所述侧板之间设置有第二导热胶，所述第二导热胶用于将所述电池模块与所述侧板粘接。
在一实施例中，所述电池模块包括多个单体电池，所述单体电池的表面贴附有散热片，所述散热片分别与所述第一导热胶和所述第二导热胶直接接触。
在一实施例中，所述散热片包括主体和两个折边，所述折边设置于所述主体的相对两侧，所述主体贴附于所述单体电池靠近或者背离相邻所述单体电池的一侧表面，所述折边贴附于所述单体电池的相对两侧面。
在一实施例中，所述散热片的材料为铜或铝。
在一实施例中，所述电池模块包括底部散热片和多个单体电池，所述底部散热片设置于所述单体电池与所述箱体的底部之间。
在一实施例中，所述电池模块包括隔热层和多个单体电池，所述隔热层粘附于所述电池模块最外侧的所述单体电池的表面。
在一实施例中，所述隔热层的材料为气凝胶毡或者发泡材料。
在一实施例中，所述控制模块与所述第二侧壁之间设置有导热件，所述导热件分别与所述控制模块和所述第二侧壁直接接触。
在一实施例中，控制模块包括功率分配模块、电池管理系统和支架组件，所述功率分配模块的至少部分和所述电池管理系统的至少部分分别安装在所述支架组件的两侧，所述支架组件安装在所述风道的顶部。
在一实施例中，所述支架组件包括第一支架和第二支架，所述电池管理系统包括电池管理系统主机和电池管理系统从机，所述第一支架与所述第二支架连接，所述功率分配模块安装在所述第一支架背离所述第二支架的一侧，所述电池管理系统主机安装在第一支架靠近所述第二支架的一侧，所述电池管理系统从机安装在所述第二支架靠近所述第一支架的一侧，所述第二支架安装于所述风道的顶部。
在一实施例中，所述功率分配模块包括DC/DC控制板，所述DC/DC控制板固定安装于所述风道，所述DC/DC控制板与所述导热件直接接触。
本申请的实施例还提供了一种无人机，所述无人机包括如上述的电池组。
本申请的有益效果：在本申请中，电池组包括箱体组件、电池模块和功率分配模块，箱体组件包括箱体，箱体内设置有多个电池模块舱位，箱体设置有至少一个风道，风道设置于相邻电池模块舱位之间，电池模块安装于所述电池模块舱位内，功率分配模块安装于所述箱体内，通过将电池模块与风道的第一侧壁抵靠，并将控制模块与风道的第二侧壁抵靠，可以将电池模块和控制模块产生的热量传导至箱体，气流可以被引入风道中将箱体上的热量通过热对流导入环境中，从而可以使电池组工作时倍率放电产生的热量及时散出，避免温升过高，保证电池组能够在良好的工作温度范围内工作，有利于提高电池组的工作性能和使用寿命。
 附图说明
图1为本申请的实施例提供的电池组的结构示意图；
图2为本申请的实施例提供的电池组的爆炸图；
图3为本申请的实施例提供的箱体组件的爆炸图；
图4为本申请的实施例提供的箱体的结构示意图；
图5为本申请的实施例提供的电池模块的爆炸图；
图6为本申请的实施例提供的电池管理系统和功率分配模块的爆炸图；
图7为本申请的实施例提供的DC/DC控制板的安装示意图；
图8为本申请的实施例提供的散热方案示意图。
图中相应附图标记所对应的组成部分的名称为：100-电池组、1-箱体组件、101-上盖、102-上盖防水圈、103-箱体、1031-箱体框架、1032-风道、1033-第一支撑架、1034-电池管理系统和功率分配模块舱位、1035-电池模块舱位、104-侧板、105-侧板防水圈、106-提拉手、107-防水透气阀、108-动力插座、109-通信插座、110-指示灯、111-按钮开关、112-推拉手、2-电池模块、201-连接板顶部绝缘片、202-连接板、203-连接板底部绝缘片、204-电池缓冲棉、205-单体电池、206-散热片、207-隔热层、208-模块底部缓冲棉、209-绝缘硅胶、210-底部散热片、211-第一导热胶、212-第二导热胶、3-电池管理系统、301-电池管理系统主机、302-第二支撑架、303-电池管理系统从机、4-功率分配模块、401-预充继电器、402-预充电阻、403-主负继电器、404-汇流条、405-分流器、406-绝缘柱、407-主正继电器、408-熔断器、409-绝缘材料、410-DC/DC控制板、411-导热件、5-支架组件、501-第一支架、502-第二支架、6-线缆组件。
 本发明的实施方式
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”、“固定”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本实施例的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“右”、等方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述和简化操作，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅仅用于在描述上加以区分，并没有特殊的含义。
本申请的实施例提供了一种电池组，请参阅图1和图2，电池组100包括箱体组件1、电池模块2、控制模块CM和线缆组件6，箱体组件1可以用于提供结构支撑，箱体组件1内部具有容置空间，控制模块均安装于箱体组件1内部上侧，电池组100具有多个电池模块2，箱体组件内部具有多个电池模块舱位，电池模块2安装于电池模块舱位内。
请参阅图3和图4，箱体组件1包括箱体103，箱体103可以作为电池组结构主体，其余附件均可以直接或间接通过紧固件锁紧固定在箱体103上。箱体103内设置有多个电池模块舱位1035，箱体103设置有至少一个风道1032，风道1032设置于相邻的电池模块舱位1035之间。
箱体103由箱体框架1031、风道1032和第一支撑架1033组成，第一支撑架1033通过紧固件固定安装于箱体框架1031上。风道1032设置于箱体框架1031下方的中间，电池模块舱位1035设置于箱体框架1031下方的相对两侧，风道1032设置于相邻的电池模块舱位1035之间。
在本实施例中，电池组100具有四个电池模块2，箱体框架1031下方的相对两侧相应设置有四个电池模块舱位1035，每个电池模块2固定安装于对应的一个电池模块舱位1035内。
在本实施例中，电池模块舱位1035开设于箱体103的侧面。结合图2和图4所示，箱体框架1031下方的前后相对两侧的表面上各开设有两个开口，该开口所暴露出的内部空间为中空状态，该内部空间即为电池模块舱位1035，风道1032的每侧各设置有两个并排放置的电池模块舱位，电池模块2可以通过位于箱体框架1031下方前后两侧面上的开口安装在电池模块舱位1035内。
需要说明的是，电池组100包含的电池模块2的数量可以根据实际需求进行选择，不仅限于本实施例中的4个，也可以是2个或者4个以上，此处不做限制。箱体103上开设的电池模块舱位1035的数量需要与电池模块2的数量相匹配，箱体103底部的风道1032的数量可以根据电池模块舱位1035的数量以及排布方式进行设置，风道1032的数量不仅限于本实施例中的1个，也可以是2个及以上。当箱体103的底部设置有多个风道1032时，多个风道1032可以并排间隔设置，电池模块舱位1035可以设置于风道1032之间或者风道1032的任意一侧。
示例性地，电池模块2与风道1032的第一侧壁10321抵靠。电池模块2工作时产生的热量可以传导至第一侧壁10321上，以此通过风道1032将电池模块2的热量散出。
请参阅图8，在本实施例中，电池模块2与风道1032的第一侧壁10321之间设置有第一导热胶211，第一导热胶211用于将电池模块2与风道1032的第一侧壁10321粘接。
需要说明的是，本实施例提供的电池组可以应用于无人机或者电动汽车领域。以无人机为例，电池组可以作为无人机的动力源，为无人机提供飞行动力，在无人机飞行过程中，电池模块2工作时产生的热量可以通过第一导热胶传导至风道1032的第一侧壁10321上，飞机平台可以将空中气流引入风道1032中，将风道1032的第一侧壁10321上的热量通过热对流导入环境中，从而可以将电池模块2工作时产生的热量及时排出。
在本实施例中，第一导热胶211的材料可以为导热硅胶。第一导热胶211可以通过喷涂或者粘贴的方式涂覆在风道1032的侧壁或者电池模块2的表面，然后将电池模块2与风道1032的侧壁粘接。
示例性地，结合图3和图8所示，箱体组件1还包括侧板104，侧板104安装于箱体103的侧面，并且遮盖电池模块舱位1035，电池模块2与侧板104之间设置有第二导热胶212，第二导热胶212用于将电池模块2与侧板104粘接。电池模块2工作时产生的热量可以通过第二导热胶212传导至侧板104上，从而可以使电池模块2通过侧板104对外散热。
在本实施例中，第二导热胶212的材料可以为导热硅胶。第二导热胶212可以通过喷涂或者粘贴的方式涂覆在侧板104的靠近电池模块2的表面或者电池模块2的表面，然后将电池模块2与侧板104粘接。
在本实施例中，箱体组件1包括两个侧板104，两个侧板104分别安装于箱体103的前侧面和后侧面上，并且将电池模块舱位1035和电池模块2遮盖。侧板104可以通过紧固件与箱体103锁紧，侧板104与箱体103之间设置有侧板防水圈105，侧板104与箱体103锁紧后，侧板防水圈105受力压缩，可以起到密封防水的作用。
示例性地，请参阅图3，箱体组件1还包括上盖101，上盖101安装于箱体103的上方，上盖101可以通过紧固件与箱体103锁紧。上盖101与箱体103之间设置有上盖防水圈102，上盖101与箱体103锁紧后，上盖防水圈102受力压缩，可以起到密封防水的作用。
示例性地，请参阅图3，箱体组件1还包括提拉手106、防水透气阀107、动力插座108、通信插座109、指示灯110、按钮开关111和推拉手112。提拉手106分别设置于箱体103的左右相对两侧，提拉手106可以通过紧固件与箱体103锁紧，提拉手106用于电池组搬运过程的提拉。
防水透气阀107、动力插座108、通信插座109、指示灯开关110和按钮开关111均安装于箱体103的前侧上部，并且均通过紧固件与箱体103锁紧固定。防水透气阀107用于平衡电池组内外气压以及快速释放内部压力，动力插座108用于电池组充放电的正负极传输，通信插座109用于电池组的电池管理系统3与主机之间的通信与数据传输，指示灯110用于指示电池组的工作状态，指示灯110可以包括1个高压输出灯、1个故障灯、5个荷电状态（SOC）灯和5个健康状态（SOH）灯，按钮开关111用于控制电池组的运行状态，运行状态包括休眠、唤醒和关机等。
推拉手112通过紧固件锁紧固定于箱体103的前侧，推拉手112可以用于电池组在主机舱平台上的推拉定位。
示例性地，如图7所示，控制模块CM与风道1032的第二侧壁10322抵靠，控制模块CM工作时产生的热量可以传导至第二侧壁10322上，以此通过风道1032将控制模块CM的热量散出。
在本实施例中，控制模块CM与风道1032的第二侧壁10322之间设置有导热件411，导热件411分别与控制模块CM和风道1032的第二侧壁10322直接接触，导热件411可以用于将控制模块CM工作时产生的热量传导至风道1032的第二侧壁10322上。
示例性地，如图7所示，控制模块CM包括电池管理系统3、功率分配模块4和支架组件5，功率分配模块4的至少部分和电池管理系统3的至少部分分别安装在支架组件5的两侧，支架组件安装在风道1032的顶部。
在本实施例中，结合图6和图7所示，支架组件5包括第一支架501和第二支架502，电池管理系统3包括至少一个电池管理系统主机301和多个电池管理系统从机303，第一支架501与第二支架502连接，功率分配模块4安装在第一支架501背离第二支架502的一侧，电池管理系统主机301安装在第一支架501靠近所述第二支架502的一侧，电池管理系统从机303安装在第二支架502靠近第一支架501的一侧，第二支架502安装于风道1032的顶部。
结合图7和图8所示，在本实施例提供的电池组100中，功率分配单元404主要用于电池组充放电主回路的通断控制。功率分配模块（power distribution unit,PDU）4包括DC/CD控制板410，DC/DC控制板410通过紧固件固定安装于风道1032的第二侧板10322的上方。DC/DC控制板410的供电输入可以由电池组本身提供，DC/DC控制板410可以将电池模块2输出的高压（低压）直流电源转换为低压（高压）直流电源。电池模块2输出的电源经过DC/DC控制板410的电压转换，输出电源给电池管理系统3，通过按钮开关111控制电池管理系统3的工作状态，如休眠、环形和关机等。
导热件411设置于DC/DC控制板410与风道1032的第二侧壁10322之间，并且分别与DC/DC控制板410和风道1032的第二侧壁10322直接接触。
在本实施例中，DC/DC控制板410中主要产热器件为DC/DC模块和二极管，通过将DC/DC控制板410设置于风道1032的第二侧壁10322上方，可以将DC/DC模块和二极管工作时产生的热量通过导热件411传导至风道1032的第二侧壁10322上，气流可以被引入至风道1032中将箱体103上的热量通过热对流导入环境中。
在本实施例中，导热件411可以为导热硅胶垫。在实际应用中，导热件411的材料不仅限于硅胶，也可以为其他具有良好导热性能的绝缘材料，此处不做唯一限定。
请参阅图6，在本实施例中，功率分配模块4还包括预充继电器401、预充电阻402、主负继电器403、汇流条404、分流器405、绝缘柱406、主正继电器407以及熔断器408，第一支架501的上表面贴附有绝缘材料409，预充继电器401、预充电阻402、主负继电器403、汇流条404、分流器405、绝缘柱406、主正继电器407、熔断器408均可以通过紧固件固定安装于第一支架501的上表面上。
电池模块2经过串联以后总正输出通过电缆接于熔断器408，熔断器408经汇流条404与主正继电器407连接，主正继电器407经电缆与动力插座108连接；电池模块2经过串联以后总负输出通过电缆组件5接于分流器405，分流器405经汇流条404与主负继电器403连接，主负继电器403经电缆组件5与动力插座108连接。预充继电器401与预充电阻402串联后两者与主正继电器407并联，起容性负载预充电作用。
在本实施例提供的电池组100中，电池管理系统3具备如下功能：具备对系统电流、电压、温度采样的功能；具备电池组状态的计算上报等检测功能；具备电池组温控功能；具备电池组故障判断、处理、上报的功能；具备CAN通信功能；支持在线调试升级；具备指示灯控制功能；具备按钮开关控制功能等。
在本实施例中，请参阅图6和图7，电池管理系统3包括1个电池管理系统主机301和2个电池管理系统从机303，电池管理系统主机301通过紧固件固定安装于第一支架501下方，电池管理系统从机303通过紧固件固定安装于第二支架502上，第一支架501与第二支架502通过多个第二支撑架302用紧固件锁紧安装在一起。电池管理系统3和功率分配模块4整体可以通过第一支架501四个角的螺孔用紧固件安装在箱体103上方空间的电池管理系统和功率分配模块舱位1034内，如此可以将电池管理系统3和功率分配模块4集成于一体。
在本实施例中，电池管理系统3通过线缆组件6采集每个电池模块2的单体电压和温度，电池管理系统主机301和电池管理系统从机303通过线缆组件6进行通信传输，同时电池管理系统301可采集动力插座108正负极、分流器405、预充电阻402以及DC/DC控制板410上的DC/DC模块的温度。
示例性地，结合图5和图8所示，电池模块2包括多个单体电池205，单体电池205的表面贴附有散热片206，散热片206分别与第一导热胶211和第二导热胶212直接接触。
在本实施例中，电池模块2主要由连接板顶部绝缘片201、连接板202、连接板底部绝缘片203、电池缓冲棉204、单体电池205、散热片206、隔热层207、模块底部缓冲棉208、绝缘硅胶209、底部散热片210组成。
单体电池205为铝塑膜软包单体电池，单体电池205可以按照图示垂直于大侧面的方形进行堆叠。每个单体电池205的表面通过双面胶贴附有一片散热片206，散热片206的材料可以为铜或铝。
散热片206包括主体2061和两个折边2062，折边2062设置于主体2061的相对两侧，折边2062可以看作是由主体2061的相对两侧边缘翻折一定角度所形成的，折边2062与主体2061连接处的夹角可以是但不限于90°，散热片206的整体可以呈U型结构，主体2061贴附于单体电池205靠近或者背离相邻单体电池的一侧表面，折边2062贴合于单体电池205靠近或者背离相邻单体电池的一侧表面的相邻两侧表面，散热片206可以将单体电池205的周向表面部分包裹。单体电池205工作时产生的热量热传导至散热片206中间的主体2061，再传导至散热片206两侧的折边2062。
多个单体电池205可以按照图示垂直于大侧面的方形进行堆叠后，位于单体电池205相对两侧面的散热片206的折边2062裸露出来，并且分别与第一导热胶211和第二导热胶212直接接触，单体电池205工作时产生的热量可以经由散热片206的两个折边2062分别传导至第一导热胶211和第二导热胶212，再由第一导热胶211和第二导热胶212分别传导至风道1032和侧板104。
电池缓冲棉204的材料为硅胶泡棉或者EVA泡棉。每个单体电池205之间放置一个电池缓冲棉204，电池缓冲棉204与单体电池205通过双面胶粘附在一起。电池缓冲棉204可以用于电池组的振动、冲击缓冲。
隔热层207的材料为气凝胶毡或者发泡材料，发泡材料可以为聚酰亚胺、EVA或者硅胶等。隔热层207粘附于电池模块2最外侧的电池模块2的表面上，隔热层207可以用于隔热，保证电池模块2中位于内侧和外侧的单体电池205的散热速率一致，进而确保单体电池之间的热均衡。
连接板202设置于单体电池205的上方，连接板202为印刷电路板。连接板202与单体电池205之间设置有连接板底部绝缘片203，连接板底部绝缘片203的材料为PP或者PC。多个单体电池205的极耳穿过连接板底部绝缘片203和连接板202预设的开孔，通过连接板202上的铜排进行激光焊接，实现并联。连接板202上设置有电压、温度采集输出连接器，铜排与连接板202通过焊锡焊接固定，连接板202铺设内部线路与连接器焊接孔位相连。
底部缓冲棉208设置于电池模块2的底部中间，绝缘硅胶209设置于电池模块2的底部两侧，底部缓冲棉208和绝缘硅胶209均用于电池模块底部缓冲。
底部散热片210设置于单体电池205与箱体103的底部之间，底部散热片210与箱体103直接接触，底部散热片210与单体电池205可以直接接触，也可以是间接接触。底部散热片210的材料可以是铜或铝等金属材料，也可以是硅胶等导热性能良好的绝缘材料。底部散热片210可以用于将单体电池205工作时的热量传导至箱体103的底部，以通过箱体103的底部将热量散出。
示例性地，电池组还包括保温层，保温层设置于电池模块2与箱体组件1之间，保温层可以将电池模块2其余部分与箱体组件1进行隔热，以此保证电池模块2中位于内侧和外侧的单体电池205的散热速率一致，进而确保单体电池之间的热均衡。
依据本申请的上述实施例提供的电池组，本申请的实施例还提供了一种无人机，无人机包括机身和电池组，所述机身上设置有电池仓，所述电池组安装在所述电池仓内。需要说明的是，本实施例提供的无人机中所包含的电池组可以为本申请上述实施例提供的任意一种方案的电池组，所述电池组的具体结构可以参照上述实施例，此处不做赘述。
本申请的有益效果：在本申请中，电池组包括箱体组件、电池模块和功率分配模块，箱体组件包括箱体，箱体内设置有多个电池模块舱位，箱体设置有至少一个风道，风道设置于相邻电池模块舱位之间，电池模块安装于所述电池模块舱位内，功率分配模块安装于所述箱体内，通过将电池模块与风道的第一侧壁抵靠，并将控制模块与风道的第二侧壁抵靠，可以将电池模块和控制模块产生的热量传导至箱体，气流可以被引入风道中将箱体上的热量通过热对流导入环境中，从而可以使电池组工作时倍率放电产生的热量及时散出，避免温升过高，保证电池组能够在良好的工作温度范围内工作，有利于提高电池组的工作性能和使用寿命。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种电池组，包括：箱体组件，包括箱体，所述箱体内设置有多个电池模块舱位，所述箱体设置有至少一个风道，所述风道设置于相邻所述电池模块舱位之间；电池模块，安装于所述电池模块舱位内，所述电池模块与所述风道的第一侧壁抵靠；控制模块，安装于所述箱体内，所述控制模块与所述风道的第二侧壁抵靠。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电池组，其中，所述电池模块与所述第一侧壁之间设置有第一导热胶，所述第一导热胶用于将所述电池模块与所述第一侧壁粘接。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的电池组，其中，所述箱体组件还包括侧板，所述电池模块舱位开设于所述箱体的侧面，所述侧板安装于所述箱体的侧面并且遮盖所述电池模块舱位；其中，所述电池模块与所述侧板之间设置有第二导热胶，所述第二导热胶用于将所述电池模块与所述侧板粘接。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电池组，其中，所述电池模块包括多个单体电池，所述单体电池的表面贴附有散热片，所述散热片分别与所述第一导热胶和所述第二导热胶直接接触。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的电池组，其中，所述散热片包括主体和两个折边，所述折边设置于所述主体的相对两侧，所述主体贴附于所述单体电池靠近或者背离相邻所述单体电池的一侧表面，所述折边贴附于所述单体电池靠近或者背离相邻所述单体电池的一侧表面的相邻两侧表面。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的电池组，其中，所述散热片的材料为铜或铝。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的电池组，其中，所述电池模块包括底部散热片和多个单体电池，所述底部散热片设置于所述单体电池与所述箱体的底部之间。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的电池组，其中，所述电池模块包括隔热层和多个单体电池，所述隔热层粘附于所述电池模块最外侧的所述单体电池的表面。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电池组，其中，所述隔热层的材料为气凝胶毡或者发泡材料。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的电池组，其中，所述控制模块与所述第二侧壁之间设置有导热件，所述导热件分别与所述控制模块和所述第二侧壁直接接触。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电池组，其中，控制模块包括功率分配模块、电池管理系统和支架组件，所述功率分配模块的至少部分和所述电池管理系统的至少部分分别安装在所述支架组件的两侧，所述支架组件安装在所述风道的顶部。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的电池组，其中，所述支架组件包括第一支架和第二支架，所述电池管理系统包括电池管理系统主机和电池管理系统从机，所述第一支架与所述第二支架连接，所述功率分配模块安装在所述第一支架背离所述第二支架的一侧，所述电池管理系统主机安装在所述第一支架靠近所述第二支架的一侧，所述电池管理系统从机安装在所述第二支架靠近所述第一支架的一侧，所述第二支架安装于所述风道的顶部。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的电池组，其中，所述功率分配模块包括DC/DC控制板，所述DC/DC控制板固定安装于所述风道，所述DC/DC控制板与所述导热件直接接触。
  14. 一种无人机，包括如权利要求1至13中任意一项所述的电池组。
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