WO2024190111A1 - 風車ブレード - Google Patents

風車ブレード Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024190111A1
WO2024190111A1 PCT/JP2024/002355 JP2024002355W WO2024190111A1 WO 2024190111 A1 WO2024190111 A1 WO 2024190111A1 JP 2024002355 W JP2024002355 W JP 2024002355W WO 2024190111 A1 WO2024190111 A1 WO 2024190111A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind turbine
turbine blade
spar cap
gpa
elastic modulus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2024/002355
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
琢也 唐木
和弘 中村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toray Industries Inc
Original Assignee
Toray Industries Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toray Industries Inc filed Critical Toray Industries Inc
Priority to JP2024506197A priority Critical patent/JPWO2024190111A1/ja
Publication of WO2024190111A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024190111A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wind turbine blades used in wind turbines for wind power generation, etc.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 considers increasing the rigidity of wind turbine blades by using carbon fiber reinforced resin, which has better mechanical properties, for 117 m blades.
  • the thickness of the spar cap disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 is considered to be at the very limit of the molding limit. Therefore, if an attempt is made to design an even longer blade while keeping this design concept, the spar cap would need to be made even thicker, making molding difficult. Furthermore, if a carbon fiber reinforced resin with an even higher elastic modulus is used, the rigidity of the spar cap would then become too high, causing deformation in the blade height direction, i.e., greater buckling. As a result, new problems arise in which the share web is crushed, causing damage such as cracks, or buckling failure. One method would be to increase the thickness of the share web to suppress buckling failure of the share web, but then the rigidity of the share web in the bending direction would become too high, making it difficult to correct when assembling it to the blade body.
  • the objective of the present invention is to suppress buckling of the share web when a spar cap made of high-elasticity carbon fiber reinforced resin is used in a wind turbine blade.
  • a wind turbine blade having a pressure-side spar cap arranged in contact with the interior surface of a pressure-side skin of a wind turbine blade, a contraction-side spar cap arranged in contact with the interior surface of a suction-side skin, and a long, plate-shaped share web arranged so that both ends are in contact with the pressure-side spar cap and the contraction-side spar cap, wherein the spar cap is made of a plurality of unidirectional composite sheets containing carbon fiber and having a longitudinal tensile modulus E of 130 GPa or more and 210 GPa or less, and the maximum thickness is 80 mm or less, and the thickness of the share web is 50 mm or less.
  • wind turbine blade length refers to the length of the line connecting the center of gravity in a cross section near the part fixed to the hub and the part furthest from the part fixed to the hub (the tip of the blade), as shown by L in Figures 2 and 3.
  • the wind turbine blade width direction is the direction connecting the leading edge and trailing edge in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wind turbine blade, and refers to the y-axis direction in Figures 2 and 3.
  • the present invention provides a wind turbine blade that can prevent buckling of the share web even when using a spar cap made of carbon fiber reinforced resin with a high elastic modulus.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall view of a wind turbine for wind power generation.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a wind turbine blade 1 including a cross section taken along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wind turbine blade.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for evaluating the amount of displacement when a pressure simulating wind is applied to a wind turbine blade.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for evaluating buckling of a share web during bending deformation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for evaluating buckling of a share web during torsional deformation.
  • a typical wind turbine for wind power generation is composed of a wind turbine blade 1, a tower 2, a nacelle 3, and a hub 4.
  • the wind turbine blade 1 is attached to the hub 4, and the wind turbine blade 1 rotates due to wind force.
  • the rotation is transmitted to the power transmission shaft in the nacelle 3 via the hub 4, and drives the generator in the nacelle 3.
  • the wind turbine blade 1 may be configured so that the tip side is bent in advance (pre-bend) in a direction away from the tower 2 to make it less likely to collide with the tower 2.
  • pre-bend the longitudinal direction of the wind turbine blade refers to the direction connecting the center of gravity of the cross section of the base of the blade in Figure 2 and the center of gravity of the cross section of the part furthest from the part fixed to the hub within the range from the start position of the pre-bend.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a wind turbine blade 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention, including a cross section taken along a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the wind turbine blade, with the wind turbine blade length indicated as L.
  • the share web 11 is joined to the inner wall of the wind turbine blade 1 via a spar cap 12 that extends in the longitudinal direction of the wind turbine blade along the inner wall of the wind turbine blade 1.
  • the resin infusion method in which a skin 13 is placed on a mold that will become the outer shape of the wind turbine blade, a spar cap 12 is placed on top of that, and covered with a film that will become the upper mold. After maintaining the airtightness of the space with the lower mold, the resin is filled and impregnated by vacuum pressure. Then, a separately molded share web 11 is assembled in a predetermined position and fixed with an adhesive or the like to manufacture the wind turbine blade.
  • the thickness of the share web 11 is set to 50 mm or less. If it exceeds 50 mm, the bending rigidity of the share web becomes too strong, making it difficult to correct when joining in the longitudinal direction. On the other hand, in order to ensure the rigidity required for the share web, it is preferable that the thickness of the share web 11 is 20 mm or more.
  • the preferred shear web has a sandwich structure consisting of a core material and a skin material.
  • the core material can be wood such as balsa or a foamed resin material, with foamed resin material being particularly preferred as it has an excellent balance between specific gravity and elastic modulus.
  • the skin material can be a biaxial woven fabric or the like. There are no particular limitations on the thickness of the skin material as long as it can obtain the required shear stiffness, but a thickness of 5 mm or less is preferred as it can obtain the required stiffness with the minimum amount of material required.
  • the spar cap is composed of multiple unidirectional composites in which reinforcing fibers are aligned and impregnated with resin.
  • the unidirectional composites constituting the spar cap contain at least carbon fibers in order to achieve the longitudinal elastic modulus E described below.
  • other reinforcing fibers such as glass fibers may be used in addition to carbon fibers, but the effects of the present invention are more pronounced in the case of unidirectional composites containing only carbon fibers.
  • the effects of the present invention are more pronounced when fibers with an elastic modulus of 250 GPa or more are used as carbon fibers.
  • the elastic modulus of the reinforcing fibers in this specification is a value measured in accordance with JIS K7161 (2014).
  • the resins contained in the unidirectional composite are not particularly limited, and include thermosetting resins such as epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, and vinyl ester resins, as well as thermoplastic resins such as polyamide resins, polyolefin resins, polyester resins, polyphenylene sulfide resins, ABS resins, polycarbonate resins, polyacetal resins, and polybutylene terephthalate resins.
  • thermosetting resins such as epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, and vinyl ester resins
  • thermoplastic resins such as polyamide resins, polyolefin resins, polyester resins, polyphenylene sulfide resins, ABS resins, polycarbonate resins, polyacetal resins, and polybutylene terephthalate resins.
  • Vinyl ester resins are particularly preferred as they offer an excellent balance between moldability and mechanical properties
  • epoxy resins are preferred as they offer excellent mechanical properties and adhesion to carbon fiber.
  • the spar cap 12 has the function of suppressing the longitudinal deformation of the wind turbine blade, and is composed of a unidirectional composite with a longitudinal tensile modulus E of 130 GPa or more and 210 GPa or less from the viewpoint of suppressing buckling of the share web.
  • the tensile modulus E of the unidirectional composite is a value measured in accordance with JIS K7161 (2014). If the tensile modulus E of the unidirectional composite is less than 130 GPa, the thickness of the spar cap must be increased to obtain the required wind turbine blade bending rigidity.
  • the longitudinal tensile modulus E of the unidirectional composite is more preferably 150 GPa or more and 190 or less.
  • the maximum thickness of the spar cap 12 80 mm or less it is possible to strike a balance between the bending rigidity and buckling of the blade, and the impregnation during blade manufacturing. If the thickness exceeds 80 mm, problems such as the occurrence of unimpregnated areas during resin impregnation may occur. If the thickness is 75 mm or less, the possibility of problems such as unimpregnation during manufacturing is further reduced, which is preferable.
  • the size of the wind turbine blades is not particularly limited, but the effects of the present invention are most pronounced when the blade length is 130 m or more.
  • the present invention also has the effect of suppressing buckling of the web not only when the blade undergoes bending deformation but also when it undergoes twisting deformation.
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram showing a distributed load of 5778 Pa, simulating wind (indicated by the arrow in the figure), being applied to the surface of the wind turbine blade, and the displacement in the X direction of the tip 14 of the wind turbine blade is evaluated when the root end of the wind turbine blade is completely restrained all around.
  • the surface refers to the surface that is assumed to receive the wind load when the wind turbine is viewed on the xy plane as shown in Figure 3B, and refers to the surface projected on the yz plane as shown in Figure 3C.
  • Example 1-1 The physical properties shown in Table 1 were entered and a simulation was performed.
  • Example 1-2 Assuming a configuration in which the carbon fiber of the unidirectional composite of Example 1-1 was changed to one with a slightly higher elastic modulus, a simulation was performed by inputting the physical property values shown in Table 1. As a result of the analysis, the change in the distance between the share webs was 0.067 m, and buckling hardly occurred.
  • Example 1-3 A simulation was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1-2, except that the thickness of the share web was set to 70 mm. As a result of the analysis, the change in the distance between the share webs was 0.041, and buckling hardly occurred, but the rigidity of the share web in the bending direction became too high, making it difficult to correct when assembling it to the blade body.
  • Examples 1 to 3 Assuming a configuration in which the maximum thickness tmax of the spar cap in Example 1-2 was changed to a slightly thinner one, a simulation was performed by inputting the physical property values as shown in Table 1. As a result of the analysis, the change in the distance between the share webs was 0.073 m, and buckling hardly occurred.
  • Example 2-1 A model similar to that of Example 1-1 was created except that the blade length was set to 117 m, and a simulation was performed by inputting the physical properties shown in Table 2. As a result of the analysis, the change in the distance between the share webs was 0.013 m, and almost no buckling occurred.
  • Example 2-2 Assuming a configuration in which the carbon fiber of the unidirectional composite of Example 2-1 was changed to one with a slightly higher elastic modulus, a simulation was performed by inputting the physical property values shown in Table 1. As a result of the analysis, the change in the distance between the share webs was 0.023 m, and almost no buckling occurred.
  • Example 3-1 The physical properties shown in Table 3 were entered and a simulation was performed.
  • Wind turbine blade 11 Share web 12 Spar cap 13 Skin 14 Wind turbine blade tip 2 Tower 3 Nacelle 4 Hub L Wind turbine blade longitudinal length

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
PCT/JP2024/002355 2023-03-13 2024-01-26 風車ブレード Ceased WO2024190111A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2024506197A JPWO2024190111A1 (https=) 2023-03-13 2024-01-26

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2023038373 2023-03-13
JP2023-038373 2023-03-13

Publications (1)

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Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070189902A1 (en) * 2004-02-24 2007-08-16 Mohamed Mansour H Wind blade spar cap and method of making
US20110142662A1 (en) * 2010-10-28 2011-06-16 General Electric Company Spar Cap Assembly for a Wind Turbine Rotor Blade
WO2014009314A1 (en) * 2012-07-12 2014-01-16 Compagnie Chomarat Reinforcing textile complex for composite parts, and composite parts integrating said complex
EP3026259A1 (en) * 2014-11-25 2016-06-01 General Electric Company Methods for manufacturing a spar cap for a wind turbine rotor blade
JP2016125441A (ja) * 2015-01-07 2016-07-11 三菱レイヨン株式会社 風車翼
JP2017129091A (ja) * 2016-01-22 2017-07-27 株式会社日立製作所 風力発電装置またはブレードの製造方法
US20180216602A1 (en) * 2015-07-28 2018-08-02 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Improvements relating to wind turbine blades
JP2019218886A (ja) * 2018-06-19 2019-12-26 株式会社日立製作所 風車用ブレード及び風力発電装置
JP2022541406A (ja) * 2019-07-10 2022-09-26 ボストン・マテリアルズ・インコーポレイテッド 短繊維フィルム、熱硬化性樹脂を含む複合材料、及び他の複合材料を形成するためのシステム及び方法
JP2023004899A (ja) * 2021-06-24 2023-01-17 東レ株式会社 風車翼
WO2023188835A1 (ja) * 2022-03-28 2023-10-05 東レ株式会社 一方向コンポジット、スパーキャップおよび風車ブレード
JP2023142604A (ja) * 2022-03-25 2023-10-05 東レ株式会社 風車ブレード用成形品、風車ブレード用スパーキャップおよび風車ブレード、並びに風車ブレードの製造方法

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070189902A1 (en) * 2004-02-24 2007-08-16 Mohamed Mansour H Wind blade spar cap and method of making
US20110142662A1 (en) * 2010-10-28 2011-06-16 General Electric Company Spar Cap Assembly for a Wind Turbine Rotor Blade
WO2014009314A1 (en) * 2012-07-12 2014-01-16 Compagnie Chomarat Reinforcing textile complex for composite parts, and composite parts integrating said complex
EP3026259A1 (en) * 2014-11-25 2016-06-01 General Electric Company Methods for manufacturing a spar cap for a wind turbine rotor blade
JP2016125441A (ja) * 2015-01-07 2016-07-11 三菱レイヨン株式会社 風車翼
US20180216602A1 (en) * 2015-07-28 2018-08-02 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Improvements relating to wind turbine blades
JP2017129091A (ja) * 2016-01-22 2017-07-27 株式会社日立製作所 風力発電装置またはブレードの製造方法
JP2019218886A (ja) * 2018-06-19 2019-12-26 株式会社日立製作所 風車用ブレード及び風力発電装置
JP2022541406A (ja) * 2019-07-10 2022-09-26 ボストン・マテリアルズ・インコーポレイテッド 短繊維フィルム、熱硬化性樹脂を含む複合材料、及び他の複合材料を形成するためのシステム及び方法
JP2023004899A (ja) * 2021-06-24 2023-01-17 東レ株式会社 風車翼
JP2023142604A (ja) * 2022-03-25 2023-10-05 東レ株式会社 風車ブレード用成形品、風車ブレード用スパーキャップおよび風車ブレード、並びに風車ブレードの製造方法
WO2023188835A1 (ja) * 2022-03-28 2023-10-05 東レ株式会社 一方向コンポジット、スパーキャップおよび風車ブレード

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