Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
  • A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
  • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G7/00—Botany in general
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G7/00—Botany in general
  • A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
  • A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting

Definitions

• This disclosure relates to a method for cultivating tomatoes and tomato plants.
• Tomatoes contain these amino acids in addition to lycopene, so there is a demand for tomatoes that provide a balanced intake of not only lycopene but also amino acids such as proline, and that are delicious to eat.
• one embodiment of the present disclosure aims to solve was made in consideration of the above demands, and is to provide tomatoes with high nutritional value that contain a high concentration of lycopene and at least one of proline and arginine, and a method for cultivating tomato plants from which tomatoes can be harvested.
• Means for solving the above problems include the following aspects. ⁇ 1> Tomato having a lycopene content of 12 mg/100 g or more and less than 30 mg/100 g and a proline content of 10 mg/100 g or more and less than 300 mg/100 g. ⁇ 2> Tomato having a lycopene content of 12 mg/100 g or more and less than 30 mg/100 g, and an arginine content of 10 mg/100 g or more and less than 100 mg/100 g.
• Tomato having a lycopene content of 12 mg/100 g or more and less than 30 mg/100 g, a proline content of 10 mg/100 g or more and less than 300 mg/100 g, and an arginine content of 10 mg/100 g or more and less than 100 mg/100 g.
• a method for cultivating a tomato plant comprising: cultivating the tomato plant by irradiating it with artificial light in a temperature environment of less than 30°C; and cultivating the tomato plant in a nutrient solution containing sodium chloride at least for a period from the start of flowering of the second fruit cluster to before top pinching.
• ⁇ 5> The method for cultivating a tomato plant according to ⁇ 4>, wherein the content of the sodium chloride relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution is 0.01% by mass to 1% by mass.
• ⁇ 6> The method for cultivating a tomato plant according to ⁇ 4> or ⁇ 5> above, wherein the harvested tomatoes have a lycopene content of 12 mg/100 g or more.
• ⁇ 7> The method for cultivating a tomato plant according to any one of ⁇ 4> to ⁇ 6> above, wherein the cultivation is carried out in a nutrient solution containing no nitrogen, or containing nitrogen and having a nitrogen content of 1 mass % or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution, during a period after fruit setting.
• tomatoes with high nutritional value that contain a high concentration of lycopene and also contain large amounts of at least one of proline and arginine, and a method for cultivating a tomato plant that can produce tomato fruit.
• the present disclosure is not limited to the following embodiments.
• the components including element steps, etc.
• the numerical ranges indicated using “to” include the numerical values before and after "to" as the minimum and maximum values, respectively.
• the upper or lower limit value described in one numerical range may be replaced with the upper or lower limit value of another numerical range described in stages.
• the upper or lower limit value of the numerical range may be replaced with a value shown in the examples.
• “mass” and "weight” are synonymous.
• tomato plant is used to encompass tomato seeds, seedlings grown from tomato seeds before planting, tomato plants that have been planted and cultivated, and tomato plants that have been planted and cultivated up to the stage where they are ready to be harvested.
• process refers not only to an independent process, but also to a process that cannot be clearly distinguished from other processes, as long as the intended purpose of the process is achieved.
• the lycopene content, proline content, and arginine content of tomatoes are each measured according to the methods described in the Examples.
• the tomato according to the first aspect has a lycopene content of 12 mg/100 g or more and less than 30 mg/100 g, and a proline content of 10 mg/100 g or more and less than 300 mg/100 g.
• the lycopene content is preferably 13 mg/100 g to 25 mg/100 g, more preferably 13 mg/100 g to 23 mg/100 g, and even more preferably 13 mg/100 g to 20 mg/100 g.
• the proline content in the tomatoes according to the first embodiment is preferably 13 mg/100 g or more, more preferably 15 mg/100 g or more, and even more preferably 20 mg/100 g or more.
• the proline content in the tomatoes according to the first embodiment is less than 300 mg/100 g, and the upper limit of the proline content may be 200 mg/100 g or less, or 100 mg/100 g or less.
• the tomato according to the first aspect may contain arginine.
• the arginine content in the tomato according to the first aspect is preferably 10 mg/100 g or more and less than 100 mg/100 g, more preferably 15 mg/100 g to 95 mg/100 g, and even more preferably 18 mg/100 g to 85 mg/100 g.
• the tomato according to the second aspect has a lycopene content of 12 mg/100 g or more and less than 30 mg/100 g, and an arginine content of 10 mg/100 g or more and less than 100 mg/100 g.
• the lycopene content is preferably 13 mg/100 g to 25 mg/100 g, more preferably 13 mg/100 g to 23 mg/100 g, and even more preferably 13 mg/100 g to 20 mg/100 g.
• the arginine content is preferably 15 mg/100 g to 95 mg/100 g, and more preferably 30 mg/100 g to 95 mg/100 g.
• the tomato according to the second aspect may contain proline.
• the proline content in the tomato according to the second aspect is preferably 10 mg/100 g or more, more preferably 13 mg/100 g or more, further preferably 15 mg/100 g or more, and particularly preferably 20 mg/100 g or more.
• the upper limit of the proline content may be less than 300 mg/100 g, 200 mg/100 g or less, or 100 mg/100 g or less.
• the tomato according to the third aspect has a lycopene content of 12 mg/100 g or more and less than 30 mg/100 g, a proline content of 10 mg/100 g or more and less than 300 mg/100 g, and an arginine content of 10 mg/100 g or more and less than 100 mg/100 g.
• the lycopene content is preferably 13 mg/100 g to 25 mg/100 g, more preferably 13 mg/100 g to 23 mg/100 g, and further preferably 13 mg/100 g to 20 mg/100 g.
• the proline content in the tomato according to the third aspect is less than 300 mg/100 g, may be 200 mg/100 g or less, or may be 100 mg/100 g or less.
• the lower limit of the proline content is 10 mg/100 g, preferably 13 mg/100 g or more, more preferably 15 mg/100 g or more, and even more preferably 20 mg/100 g or more.
• the arginine content is preferably 15 mg/100 g to 95 mg/100 g, and more preferably 18 mg/100 g to 85 mg/100 g.
• the tomatoes according to the first embodiment to the third embodiment described above can be cultivated by the cultivation method of tomato plants described below.
• the method of adjusting the content of components such as lycopene, proline, and arginine contained in tomatoes will also be described below.
• the tomato plant is cultivated by irradiating it with artificial light in a temperature environment of less than 30° C.
• the cultivation method for a tomato plant according to the present disclosure may be referred to as the “cultivation method according to the present disclosure.”
• a nutrient solution containing sodium chloride hereinafter also referred to as "specified nutrient solution” is used for cultivation. It is presumed that this allows tomatoes with a high lycopene content to be harvested stably.
• lycopene content in tomatoes is increased is presumed to be as follows. Cultivating tomato plants using artificial light in a temperature environment of less than 30°C promotes the production of lycopene in the harvested tomatoes, and furthermore, selectively adding sodium chloride to the nutrient solution during the period from the start of flowering of the second fruit cluster until before top pinching facilitates the production of lycopene in the tomatoes.
• the tomato plants are cultivated using a nutrient solution that does not contain nitrogen or has a nitrogen content of 1% by mass or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution.
• a nutrient solution that does not contain nitrogen or has a nitrogen content of 1% by mass or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution.
• the tomatoes disclosed herein preferably contain a high concentration of lycopene and proline, and more preferably contain high concentrations of lycopene and proline, and arginine.
• the tomato plant cultivation method disclosed herein preferably includes a seedling raising step, a cultivation step, and a germination step, and may further include other steps as necessary.
• the method for cultivating a tomato plant according to the present disclosure can include a seedling raising step, in which the plant after germination is grown into a tomato plant seedling.
• the seedling raising method is not particularly limited as long as it is carried out in an environment with a temperature of less than 30° C. using artificial light, and may be carried out by a conventionally known method.
• the seedlings are cultivated by a hydroponic method using a specific nutrient solution, so from the viewpoint of cultivation efficiency, the seedling raising step is preferably carried out by a hydroponic method.
• the hydroponic method may be a thin film hydroponic method or a flooded liquid hydroponic method. From the viewpoint of growth rate, the flooded liquid hydroponic method is preferable.
• the temperature conditions can be adjusted by irradiating the plant body after germination with artificial light.
• the temperature conditions in the seedling raising step can be adjusted to two or more temperature conditions, for example, a light period temperature and a dark period temperature.
• the means for irradiating artificial light is also referred to as a light source hereinafter.
• the term "light period” refers to a period during which a tomato plant is irradiated with a light source
• the term “dark period” refers to a period during which a tomato plant is not irradiated with a light source.
• the seedling raising method is carried out in a temperature environment of less than 30°C, and the upper limit of the light period temperature is preferably 29°C or less, more preferably 28.5°C or less, and even more preferably 28°C or less, from the viewpoint of improving the lycopene content.
• the lower limit of the light period temperature is preferably 15°C or more, more preferably 20°C or more, and even more preferably 25°C or more, from the viewpoint of shortening the period until bud formation.
• the upper limit of the dark period temperature is preferably 25°C or lower, more preferably 23°C or lower, and even more preferably 22°C or lower, from the viewpoint of improving the lycopene content.
• the lower limit of the dark period temperature is preferably 10°C or higher, more preferably 13°C or higher, and even more preferably 15°C or higher, from the viewpoint of shortening the period until bud formation.
• the light and dark temperatures are measured by placing a thermometer 1 cm away from the tomato plant.
• a temperature and humidity sensor THA-3151 manufactured by T&D Corporation can be used as the thermometer.
• the method for controlling the light and dark temperatures is not particularly limited, and can be carried out by a conventionally known method.
• the light and dark temperatures can be controlled by monitoring the light and dark temperatures in the seedling environment with the above-mentioned thermometer, and blowing hot or cold air as necessary.
• the light source of the artificial light is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include semiconductor light sources such as LEDs (light-emitting diodes), discharge lamps such as fluorescent lamps, etc.
• semiconductor light sources such as LEDs (light-emitting diodes), discharge lamps such as fluorescent lamps, etc.
• LEDs light-emitting diodes
• discharge lamps such as fluorescent lamps, etc.
• an LED it is preferable to use an LED.
• the type of LED used may be one type, or two or more types may be used.
• the LED may be one that emits visible light such as red, blue, or yellow, or one that emits invisible light such as ultraviolet light (wavelength 380 nm or less) or infrared light (wavelength 780 nm or more). From the viewpoint of promoting photosynthesis in tomato plants, LEDs that emit light in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm are preferred.
• the relative humidity during the seedling raising process is preferably controlled to 50% to 80%, and more preferably to 55% to 77%.
• the relative humidity is a value measured by placing a hygrometer 1 cm away from the tomato plant.
• a temperature and humidity sensor THA-3151 manufactured by T&D Co., Ltd. can be used.
• the method for controlling humidity is not particularly limited, and can be carried out by a conventionally known method.
• humidity conditions can be controlled by monitoring the humidity of the seedling environment with a hygrometer, and, if necessary, by using an air conditioner with a humidifying function and a dehumidifying function.
• the light intensity of the artificial light irradiated to the plant body after germination is preferably 80 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s to 500 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s, and more preferably 100 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s to 300 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s, from the viewpoint of shortening the period until bud formation.
• the light intensity is measured by placing a measuring device 1 cm away from the tomato plant with the light receiving surface facing the light source.
• a photon sensor LI-COR, LI-190R
• the light intensity is determined as the sum of the light intensities measured by placing the measuring device facing each light source.
• Light intensity can be controlled by changing the type and number of light sources used (LEDs, fluorescent lights, etc.), by changing the distance between the light source and the plant body after germination, by using a dimmable light source, etc.
• the artificial light may be irradiated from above or from the side of the plant body after germination, but from the viewpoints of cultivation efficiency, space utilization efficiency, etc., it is preferably irradiated from the side. Artificial light may be irradiated from both the side and top directions.
• the carbon dioxide concentration in the environment is preferably 300 ppm to 2000 ppm, and more preferably 400 ppm to 1500 ppm, from the viewpoint of shortening the period until bud formation.
• the carbon dioxide concentration is measured by placing a carbon dioxide concentration meter 1 cm away from the tomato plant body.
• the carbon dioxide concentration meter for example, LI-850 manufactured by LI-COR can be used.
• the method for controlling the carbon dioxide concentration is not particularly limited, and can be carried out by a conventionally known method.
• the carbon dioxide concentration in the environment can be monitored by the carbon dioxide concentration meter, and an air conditioner or the like can be used as necessary.
• the dissolved oxygen concentration of the nutrient solution is preferably 3.5 mg/L or more, more preferably 4.5 mg/L or more, and even more preferably 6.0 mg/L or more.
• the dissolved oxygen concentration of the nutrient solution is preferably 3.5 mg/L or more, more preferably 4.5 mg/L or more, and even more preferably 6.0 mg/L or more.
• the dissolved oxygen concentration of the nutrient solution is measured in the nutrient solution at 27°C using an oxygen concentration monitor (e.g., Seven2GoPro manufactured by Mettler Toledo).
• the oxygen concentration monitor can be placed and used in a nutrient solution tank that contains the nutrient solution.
• the dissolved oxygen concentration in the nutrient solution can be adjusted by using an oxygen supply mechanism, adjusting the circulation speed of the nutrient solution, etc.
• liquid fertilizer containing fertilizer elements necessary for plant growth
• the liquid fertilizer there are no particular limitations on the liquid fertilizer to be used.
• commercially available mixed liquid fertilizers such as OAT House 1 manufactured by OAT Agrio Co., Ltd. and Hyponica liquid fertilizer manufactured by Kyowa Co., Ltd.
• single fertilizers based on known fertilizer compositions such as the Enshi Prescription and the Yamazaki Prescription may be used in combination.
• the EC Electroconductiveivity
• the EC value of the nutrient solution in the present invention is preferably 0.3 dS/m to 5.0 dS/m, and more preferably 0.8 dS/m to 2.0 dS/m.
• the EC value of the nutrient solution is measured in the nutrient solution at 27° C. using an electric conductivity meter (for example, HI98131 manufactured by Hanna Instruments).
• the EC value of the nutrient solution can be adjusted, for example, by adding liquid fertilizer or the like to the nutrient solution.
• the pH of the nutrient solution is preferably 3.5 to 8.0, and more preferably 4.5 to 7.0.
• the pH of the nutrient solution is measured using a pH monitor (e.g., HI98131 manufactured by Hanna Instruments) in the nutrient solution at 27° C.
• the pH of the nutrient solution can be adjusted, for example, by adding hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, or the like to the nutrient solution.
• the period of the seedling raising process is not particularly limited, and from the viewpoints of growth after planting and shortening the time until buds appear, etc., it is preferably 5 to 40 days, more preferably 10 to 35 days, even more preferably 12 to 30 days, and particularly preferably 15 to 33 days.
• the amount of nutrients absorbed by the plant body from the nutrient solution after germination is not large, and there is little change in the composition of the nutrient solution.
• the support for supporting the germinated plants and the raised seedlings is not particularly limited, but is preferably made of a material that has both appropriate water permeability and water retention, and more preferably a support base provided with a urethane sponge, a phenolic resin sponge, rock wool, or a water-retaining sheet.
• the method for cultivating a tomato plant according to the present disclosure can include a cultivation step.
• the tomato plant seedlings obtained in the seedling raising step are planted and cultivated.
• the cultivation step is preferably performed by a hydroponic method.
• the plant body in the cultivation step refers to the tomato plant after planting.
• the hydroponic method may be a thin film hydroponic method or a flooded liquid hydroponic method. From the viewpoint of the growth rate of the tomato plants, the flooded liquid hydroponic method is preferable.
• the support used for supporting them is the same as that used in the seedling raising process, so the description thereof will be omitted here.
• the tomato plants are grown using a nutrient solution containing sodium chloride from the time the second fruit cluster begins to flower until before the top is removed. This allows tomatoes with a high concentration of lycopene to be grown.
• the sodium chloride content relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution is preferably 0.01% to 1% by mass, more preferably 0.1% to 0.7% by mass, even more preferably 0.2% to 0.5% by mass or less, and particularly preferably 0.3% to 0.4% by mass.
• a nutrient solution that does not contain sodium chloride or a nutrient solution that contains sodium chloride and has a sodium chloride content of 1% by mass or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution.
• a nutrient solution that does not contain sodium chloride or a nutrient solution that contains sodium chloride and has a sodium chloride content of 0.1% by mass or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution, and it is even more preferable to use a nutrient solution that does not contain sodium chloride, or a nutrient solution that contains sodium chloride and has a sodium chloride content of 0.01% by mass or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution, and it is particularly preferable to use a nutrient solution that does not contain sodium chloride.
• the sodium chloride content in the nutrient solution is calculated from the amount of reagent used in preparing the solution.
• the conductivity of the nutrient solution after the addition of sodium chloride may be measured with an electric conductivity meter (conductivity meter) to confirm that the desired electric conductivity has been achieved.
• an electric conductivity meter a compact electric conductivity (conductivity) meter (for example, LAQUAtwin series EC-33B manufactured by Horiba Advanced Techno Co., Ltd.) or the like can be used.
• a nutrient solution that does not contain hydrochloric acid or a nutrient solution that contains hydrochloric acid and has a hydrochloric acid content of 1 mass% or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution.
• a nutrient solution that does not contain hydrochloric acid or a nutrient solution that contains hydrochloric acid and has a hydrochloric acid content of 0.1 mass% or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution
• it is even more preferable to use a nutrient solution that does not contain hydrochloric acid, or a nutrient solution that contains hydrochloric acid and has a hydrochloric acid content of 0.01 mass% or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution and it is particularly preferable to use a nutrient solution that does not contain hydrochloric acid.
• the hydrochloric acid content in the nutrient solution is calculated from the amount of reagent used in preparing the solution.
• the pH after the addition of hydrochloric acid may be measured at 28° C. using a pH meter, if necessary.
• a pH meter for example, a waterproof portable pH meter AS700 manufactured by AS ONE Corporation or the like can be used.
• hydrochloric acid it is preferable to add hydrochloric acid to the nutrient solution after the first fruit cluster of the tomato plant begins to flower.
• sodium silicate causes sodium ions to dissolve in the nutrient solution, which causes stress in the tomato plants and makes it difficult for them to form flower buds.
• a nutrient solution that does not contain sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 ), or a nutrient solution that contains sodium silicate and has a sodium silicate content of 1% by mass or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution.
• a nutrient solution that does not contain sodium silicate or a nutrient solution that contains sodium silicate and has a sodium silicate content of 0.1% by mass or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution
• a nutrient solution that does not contain sodium silicate or a nutrient solution that contains sodium silicate and has a sodium silicate content of 0.01% by mass or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution
• the sodium silicate content in the nutrient solution is calculated from the amount of reagent used to prepare the solution.
• a nutrient solution containing sodium nitrate (NaNO 3 ) containing nitrogen necessary for leaf production a nutrient solution containing sodium nitrate (NaNO 3 ) containing nitrogen necessary for leaf production, and the content of sodium nitrate relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution is preferably 0.005% by mass to 0.5% by mass, more preferably 0.01% by mass to 0.3% by mass, and even more preferably 0.01% by mass to 0.1% by mass.
• a nutrient solution that is nitrogen-free or that contains nitrogen and has a nitrogen content of 1 mass % or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution From the viewpoint of containing proline and arginine and increasing their contents, it is preferable to cultivate the tomato plant using a nutrient solution that is nitrogen-free or that contains nitrogen and has a nitrogen content of 0.1 mass% or less during the period after fruit setting, it is more preferable to cultivate the tomato plant using a nutrient solution that is nitrogen-free or that contains nitrogen and has a nitrogen content of 0.01 mass% or less, and it is even more preferable to cultivate the tomato plant using a nutrient solution that does not contain nitrogen.
• the nitrogen content in the nutrient solution is calculated from the amount of reagent added, or the nitrogen content after dilution is calculated from the nitrogen concentration disclosed by the manufacturer using a liquid fertilizer concentrate sold by the manufacturer.
• the nitrogen content of the nutrient solution is measured using a nitrate ion meter (for example, the compact nitrate ion meter LAQUAtwin series NO3-11 manufactured by Horiba Advanced Techno Co., Ltd.). It can also be measured using the soil test set "Midori-kun" manufactured by Siemens Healthcare KK
• a nutrient solution that does not contain sodium chloride, or a nutrient solution that contains sodium chloride and has a sodium chloride content of 1% by mass or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution it is more preferable to use a nutrient solution that does not contain sodium chloride, or a nutrient solution that contains sodium chloride and has a sodium chloride content of 0.1% by mass or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution, it is even more preferable to use a nutrient solution that does not contain sodium chloride, or a nutrient solution that contains sodium chloride and has a sodium chloride content of 0.01% by mass or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution, and it is particularly preferable to use a nutrient solution that does not contain sodium chloride.
• a nutrient solution containing hydrochloric acid from the viewpoint of suppressing precipitation when silicate is added, and the content of hydrochloric acid relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution is preferably 0.05% by mass to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.1% by mass to 3% by mass, even more preferably 0.2% by mass to 1% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.3% by mass to 0.7% by mass.
• a nutrient solution containing sodium silicate during the period after the first truss of a tomato plant blooms and before the second truss blooms, and the content of sodium silicate relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution is preferably 0.005% to 1% by mass, more preferably 0.01% to 0.5% by mass, even more preferably 0.03% to 0.1% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.05% to 0.09% by mass.
• the sodium nitrate (NaNO 3 ) in the nutrient solution is preferably 0% to 0.03% by mass, more preferably 0% to 0.02% by mass, and even more preferably 0.001% to 0.01% by mass.
• a nutrient solution containing hydrochloric acid from the viewpoint of suppressing precipitation when silicate is added, and the content of hydrochloric acid relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution is preferably 0.05% to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.1% to 3% by mass, even more preferably 0.2% to 1% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.3% to 0.7% by mass.
• a nutrient solution containing sodium silicate during the period after the second fruit cluster of a tomato plant blooms and before top pruning, and the content of sodium silicate relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution is preferably 0.005% to 1% by mass, more preferably 0.01% to 0.5% by mass, even more preferably 0.03% to 0.1% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.05% to 0.09% by mass.
• NaNO 3 sodium nitrate
• a nutrient solution that does not contain sodium chloride, or a nutrient solution that contains sodium chloride and has a sodium chloride content of 1% by mass or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution it is more preferable to use a nutrient solution that does not contain sodium chloride, or a nutrient solution that contains sodium chloride and has a sodium chloride content of 0.1% by mass or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution, it is even more preferable to use a nutrient solution that does not contain sodium chloride, or a nutrient solution that contains sodium chloride and has a sodium chloride content of 0.01% by mass or less relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution, and it is particularly preferable to use a nutrient solution that does not contain sodium chloride.
• a nutrient solution containing hydrochloric acid from the viewpoint of suppressing precipitation when silicate is added, and the content of hydrochloric acid relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution is preferably 0.05% by mass to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.1% by mass to 3% by mass, even more preferably 0.2% by mass to 1% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.3% by mass to 0.7% by mass.
• a nutrient solution containing sodium silicate from the viewpoint of fruit enlargement, and the content of sodium silicate relative to the total mass of the nutrient solution is preferably 0.005% to 1% by mass, more preferably 0.01% to 0.5% by mass, even more preferably 0.03% to 0.1% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.05% to 0.09% by mass.
• NaNO 3 sodium nitrate
• NaNO 3 sodium nitrate
• the preferred ranges for the dissolved oxygen concentration and pH of the nutrient solution used in the cultivation process are similar to those for the nutrient solution used in raising seedlings, so they will not be described here.
• the temperature conditions can be adjusted.
• the temperature conditions in the cultivation step can be adjusted to, for example, two or more types of temperature conditions, namely, a light period temperature and a dark period temperature.
• the upper limit of the photoperiod temperature is preferably 29°C or lower, more preferably 28.5°C or lower, and even more preferably 28°C or lower.
• the lower limit of the photoperiod temperature is preferably 15°C or higher, more preferably 20°C or higher, and even more preferably 25°C or higher.
• the upper limit of the dark period temperature is preferably 25°C or lower, more preferably 23°C or lower, and even more preferably 22°C or lower.
• the lower limit of the photoperiod temperature is preferably 10°C or higher, more preferably 13°C or higher, and even more preferably 15°C or higher.
• the light sources that can be used in the cultivation process are the same as those in the seedling raising process, so a description of them will be omitted here.
• the relative humidity during the cultivation process is preferably controlled to 50% to 80%, and more preferably to 55% to 77%.
• the light intensity of the artificial light irradiated to the tomato plants in the cultivation step is preferably 80 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s to 500 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s, and more preferably 100 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s to 300 ⁇ mol/m 2 /s.
• the artificial light may be applied from above or from the side of the tomato plant, but from the viewpoints of cultivation efficiency, space utilization efficiency, etc., it is preferable to apply the artificial light from the side. Artificial light may be applied from both the side and top of the tomato plant.
• the carbon dioxide concentration in the environment during the cultivation process is preferably 300 ppm to 2000 ppm, and more preferably 400 ppm to 1500 ppm.
• the period of the cultivation process after planting is not particularly limited, but in the case of three-tier cultivation such as low-tier dense planting, it is preferably 70 to 130 days, more preferably 80 to 120 days, even more preferably 80 to 110 days, and particularly preferably 90 to 110 days.
• it is preferable to replace the nutrient solution or add liquid fertilizer as necessary.
• the method for cultivating a tomato plant according to the present disclosure can include a germination step, in which tomato seeds to be used in the seedling raising step are germinated.
• the germination method is not particularly limited and can be performed by a conventionally known method, for example, by sowing tomato seeds on the support sufficiently moistened with water and storing the seeds in a dark place.
• the temperature for the germination process varies depending on the type and variety of the fruit vegetable plant used, but for commercially available seeds, these are generally disclosed as the germination temperature. In addition, if the germination temperature is unknown, it can be confirmed experimentally. Depending on the type and variety of the fruit vegetable plant used, some require treatment such as breaking dormancy before germination. Some require light of a specific wavelength during the germination process, while others require darkness, and some will germinate in either case. The above germination conditions, like the germination temperature, can be found from commercially available seed documents or experimental confirmation.
• the relative humidity in the germination step is preferably 70% to 100%, and particularly preferably 80% to 95%.
• the period required for the germination step is not fixed, but is preferably the period from rooting to the start of hypocotyl elongation, and is usually about several days to one week. By allocating this period to the germination step, the roots can grow sufficiently and excessive hypocotyl elongation can be avoided, so that the seedlings grow well in the subsequent seedling raising step and the period until flowering can be shortened, which is preferable.
• the lycopene content of tomatoes harvested by the tomato plant cultivation method disclosed herein is preferably 12 mg/100 g or more, more preferably 12 mg/100 g or more but less than 30 mg/100 g, even more preferably 13 mg/100 g to 25 mg/100 g, particularly preferably 13 mg/100 g to 23 mg/100 g, and most preferably 13 mg/100 g to 20 mg/100 g.
• the proline content of tomatoes harvested by the cultivation method of the tomato plant of the present disclosure is preferably 10 mg/100 g or more and less than 300 mg/100 g. From the viewpoint of sweetness and nutritional value of the tomato, the proline content of the tomato is preferably 13 mg/100 g or more, more preferably 15 mg/100 g or more, and even more preferably 20 mg/100 g or more.
• the upper limit of the proline content may be 200 mg/100 g or less, or 100 mg/100 g or less.
• the arginine content of tomatoes harvested by the tomato plant cultivation method disclosed herein is preferably 10 mg/100 g or more and less than 100 mg/100 g, more preferably 15 mg/100 g to 95 mg/100 g, and even more preferably 18 mg/100 g to 85 mg/100 g.
• the temperature in each step was controlled by the light period temperature and the dark period temperature.
• the "light period temperature” will be referred to as (light period) and the “dark period temperature” will be referred to as (dark period).
• the cycle of the "light period” and the “dark period” controlled by the light source will be referred to as the "light/dark cycle”.
• nutrient solutions A to E used in the examples are shown in Table 1.
• “1N hydrochloric acid” means 1 mol/L hydrochloric acid.
• “Trace Element M-Type No. 5" is a GFM hydroponic fertilizer (containing 3.80% manganese (MnO), 5.80% boron (B 2 O 5 ), 9.10% iron (Fe), 0.35% copper (Cu), 0.7% zinc (Zn), and 0.17% molybdenum (Mo)) provided by M-Type Hydroponic Research Institute Co., Ltd.
• the evaluation results described below are all average values for all fruits harvested under each cultivation condition.
• Example 1 Seedling raising process - Tomato seeds (variety: Momotaro York (registered trademark)) were sown on a 5 cm square urethane sponge (yellow medium for fruit and vegetables, manufactured by Kyowa Co., Ltd.) that had been sufficiently saturated with pure water, and stored in the dark at a temperature of 28° C. and a relative humidity of 70% for 3 days. After the germination of the tomato seeds was confirmed, the seedlings were grown for 17 days using a flooded hydroponic culture system. Liquid fertilizer was used, which was Hyponica liquid fertilizer (manufactured by Kyowa Co., Ltd.) diluted 500 times with pure water.
• Hyponica liquid fertilizer manufactured by Kyowa Co., Ltd.
• Example 2 Tomato plants were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the nutrient solution used in the cultivation process was nutrient solution A immediately after planting, changed to nutrient solution B when the first truss began to flower, and then changed to nutrient solution D when the second truss began to flower.
• Example 3 Tomato plants were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the nutrient solution used in the cultivation process was nutrient solution A immediately after planting, changed to nutrient solution B when the first truss began to flower, and then changed to nutrient solution C when the second truss began to flower, and then nutrient solution C was changed to nutrient solution E immediately after topping.
• the nutrient solution used in the cultivation process was nutrient solution A immediately after planting, changed to nutrient solution B when the first truss began to flower, and then changed to nutrient solution C when the second truss began to flower, and then nutrient solution C was changed to nutrient solution E immediately after topping.
• Example 4 Tomato plants were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the nutrient solution used in the cultivation process was nutrient solution A immediately after planting, changed to nutrient solution B when the first fruit cluster began to flower, and then changed to nutrient solution E.
• ⁇ Comparative Example 1> The tomato plants were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the nutrient solution used in the cultivation process was changed to nutrient solution A, which was prepared by diluting Hyponica liquid fertilizer (manufactured by Kyowa Co., Ltd.) 500 times with pure water, immediately after planting, and to nutrient solution B, which was prepared by diluting Hyponica liquid fertilizer (manufactured by Kyowa Co., Ltd.) 170 times with pure water, at the time when the second fruit cluster began to flower.
• the nitrogen content in the nutrient solution a was 0.01% by mass
• the nitrogen content in the nutrient solution b was 0.02% by mass.
• Tomato plants were cultivated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the cultivation conditions in the cultivation step were a light period temperature of 30°C and a dark period temperature of 25°C.
• tomatoes with a higher lycopene content and higher proline and arginine contents than in the comparative example could be harvested.
• the tomato fruits harvested in Example 4 had a lycopene content of 12 mg/100 g or more and less than 30 mg/100 g, and an arginine content of 10 mg/100 g or more and less than 100 mg/100 g.

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