WO2024166753A1 - 電力増幅システム、電力増幅方法及びデジタルプリディストーション回路 - Google Patents
電力増幅システム、電力増幅方法及びデジタルプリディストーション回路 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024166753A1 WO2024166753A1 PCT/JP2024/002948 JP2024002948W WO2024166753A1 WO 2024166753 A1 WO2024166753 A1 WO 2024166753A1 JP 2024002948 W JP2024002948 W JP 2024002948W WO 2024166753 A1 WO2024166753 A1 WO 2024166753A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/32—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion
- H03F1/3241—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion using predistortion circuits
- H03F1/3258—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion using predistortion circuits based on polynomial terms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
- H03F1/0205—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
- H03F1/0211—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers with control of the supply voltage or current
- H03F1/0244—Stepped control
- H03F1/025—Stepped control by using a signal derived from the input signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/005—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements using switched capacitors, e.g. dynamic amplifiers; using switched capacitors as resistors in differential amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/189—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers
- H03F3/19—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/195—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only in integrated circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/24—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages
- H03F3/245—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers of transmitter output stages with semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/102—A non-specified detector of a signal envelope being used in an amplifying circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/105—A non-specified detector of the power of a signal being used in an amplifying circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/111—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers the amplifier being a dual or triple band amplifier, e.g. 900 and 1800 MHz, e.g. switched or not switched, simultaneously or not
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/451—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers the amplifier being a radio frequency amplifier
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements covered by H03F1/00
- H03F2201/32—Indexing scheme relating to modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion
- H03F2201/3209—Indexing scheme relating to modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion the amplifier comprising means for compensating memory effects
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power amplification system, a power amplification method, and a digital predistortion circuit.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a tracker module for digital envelope tracking (D-ET) that supplies a power supply voltage that changes over time to multiple discrete levels (hereinafter referred to as multiple discrete voltages).
- Patent Document 2 discloses a tracker module for symbol power tracking (SPT) that supplies multiple discrete voltages.
- D-ET digital envelope tracking
- SPT symbol power tracking
- DPD digital pre-distortion
- the input signal to the power amplifier is distorted in advance to cancel out the nonlinear distortion caused by the power amplifier.
- DPD parameters are stored in memory for each power amplifier, which increases the amount of memory required.
- the present invention provides a power amplification system, a power amplification method, and a digital predistortion circuit that can effectively improve the quality of a transmission signal while suppressing an increase in the amount of memory required for DPD parameters.
- a power amplifier system includes a first power amplifier configured to amplify a first high-frequency signal, a second power amplifier configured to amplify a second high-frequency signal, a switched capacitor circuit configured to generate a plurality of discrete voltages based on an adjustment voltage supplied from a pre-regulator circuit, an output switch circuit configured to selectively output at least one of the plurality of discrete voltages to the first power amplifier, and a digital pre-distortion circuit configured to pre-distort the first high-frequency signal and the second high-frequency signal, the pre-regulator circuit being configured to convert an input voltage into an adjustment voltage and output it to the switched capacitor circuit, and to output the adjustment voltage to the second power amplifier without passing through the switched capacitor circuit, and the digital pre-distortion circuit pre-distorts the first high-frequency signal using a first mathematical model for digital pre-distortion, pre-distorts the second high-frequency signal using a second mathematical model for digital pre-distor
- a power amplification method includes converting an input voltage to a regulated voltage, generating a plurality of discrete voltages based on the regulated voltage, selectively supplying at least one of the plurality of discrete voltages to a first power amplifier, pre-distorting a first input signal of the first power amplifier using a first mathematical model, amplifying the pre-distorted first input signal, skipping the generation of the plurality of discrete voltages, supplying the regulated voltage to a second power amplifier, pre-distorting a second input signal of the second power amplifier using a second mathematical model, and amplifying the pre-distorted second input signal.
- a digital predistortion circuit predistorts a first input signal of a first power amplifier, to which at least one of a plurality of discrete voltages generated based on an adjustment voltage is selectively supplied, using a first mathematical model, and predistorts a second input signal of a second power amplifier, to which the adjustment voltage is supplied, using a second mathematical model.
- the power amplification system according to one aspect of the present invention can effectively improve the quality of a transmission signal while suppressing an increase in the amount of memory required for DPD parameters.
- FIG. 1A is a graph showing an example of power supply voltage trends in APT (Average Power Tracking) mode.
- Figure 1B is a graph showing an example of the change in power supply voltage in A-ET (Analog Envelope Tracking) mode.
- FIG. 1C is a graph showing an example of the transition of the power supply voltage in the D-ET mode.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of the communication device according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit configuration diagram of a tracker module according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a power amplification method according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a component layout diagram of the communication device according to the embodiment.
- each figure is a schematic diagram in which emphasis, omissions, or adjustments to the ratio have been made as appropriate to illustrate the present invention, and is not necessarily an exact illustration, and may differ from the actual shape, positional relationship, and ratio.
- the same reference numerals are used for substantially the same configuration, and duplicate explanations may be omitted or simplified.
- the x-axis and y-axis are mutually orthogonal axes on a plane parallel to the main surface of the motherboard.
- the x-axis is parallel to a first side of the motherboard
- the y-axis is parallel to a second side of the motherboard that is orthogonal to the first side.
- the z-axis is an axis perpendicular to the main surface of the motherboard, with its positive direction indicating the upward direction and its negative direction indicating the downward direction.
- connection includes not only direct connection by a connection terminal and/or wiring conductor, but also electrical connection via other circuit elements.
- Directly connected means directly connected by a connection terminal and/or wiring conductor without going through other circuit elements.
- C is connected between A and B” means that one end of C is connected to A and the other end of C is connected to B, meaning that it is connected in series to the path connecting A and B.
- Path connecting A and B means a path made of a conductor that electrically connects A to B.
- terminal means the point where a conductor within an element terminates. Note that if the impedance of the conductor between elements is sufficiently low, a terminal is interpreted as any point on the conductor between elements or the entire conductor, not just a single point.
- C is closer to A than B” means that the distance between A and C is shorter than the distance between A and B.
- the distance between A and B means the shortest distance between A and B.
- the distance between A and B means the length of the shortest line segment among multiple line segments connecting any point on the surface of A and any point on the surface of B.
- Tracking mode which supplies a power amplifier with a power supply voltage that is dynamically adjusted over time based on the high-frequency signal.
- Tracking mode is a mode in which the power supply voltage applied to the power amplifier is dynamically adjusted.
- APT mode A-ET mode
- D-ET mode D-ET mode with reference to Figures 1A to 1C.
- the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis represents voltage.
- the thick solid line represents the power supply voltage
- the thin solid line (waveform) represents the modulated wave.
- FIG. 1A is a graph showing an example of the transition of the power supply voltage in APT mode.
- the power supply voltage is varied to multiple discrete voltage levels in one frame unit based on the average power.
- the power supply voltage signal forms a square wave.
- a frame is a unit that makes up a high-frequency signal (modulated wave).
- a frame contains 10 subframes, each subframe contains multiple slots, and each slot is made up of multiple symbols.
- the subframe length is 1 ms, and the frame length is 10 ms.
- APT mode a mode in which the voltage level is varied in units of one frame or larger based on the average power
- SPT Symbol Power Tracking
- Figure 1B is a graph showing an example of the change in power supply voltage in A-ET mode.
- the envelope of the modulated wave is tracked by continuously varying the power supply voltage based on the envelope signal.
- An envelope signal is a signal that indicates the envelope of a modulated wave.
- the envelope value is expressed, for example, as the square root of (I 2 +Q 2 ).
- (I, Q) represents a constellation point.
- a constellation point is a point that represents a digitally modulated signal on a constellation diagram.
- (I, Q) is determined, for example, by a BBIC (Baseband Integrated Circuit) based on transmission information.
- BBIC Baseband Integrated Circuit
- Figure 1C is a graph showing an example of the progression of the power supply voltage in D-ET mode.
- the envelope of the modulated wave is tracked by varying the power supply voltage to multiple discrete voltage levels within one frame based on the envelope signal.
- the power supply voltage signal forms a square wave.
- Fig. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of the communication device 6 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an exemplary circuit configuration, and the communication device 6 may be implemented using any of a wide variety of circuit implementations and circuit technologies. Therefore, the description of the communication device 6 provided below should not be construed as limiting.
- the communication device 6 in this embodiment corresponds to a user terminal (UE: User Equipment) in a cellular network, and is typically a mobile phone, a smartphone, a tablet computer, a wearable device, etc.
- the communication device 6 may also be an IoT (Internet of Things) sensor device, a medical/healthcare device, a car, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) (also known as a drone), or an automated guided vehicle (AGV: Automated Guided Vehicle).
- UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
- AGV Automated Guided Vehicle
- the communication device 6 may also function as a BS (Base Station) in the cellular network.
- BS Base Station
- the communication device 6 includes a tracker module 1, power amplifiers 2A and 2B, an RFIC (Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit) 3, a BBIC 4, and antennas 5A and 5B.
- the power amplification system 7 includes the tracker module 1, power amplifiers 2A and 2B, and an RFIC 3.
- the tracker module 1 can supply multiple discrete voltages as a power supply voltage Vcc1 to the power amplifier 2A based on the D-ET mode, and can supply a regulated voltage as a power supply voltage Vcc2 to the power amplifier 2B based on the APT mode.
- the power amplifier 2A is connected between the RFIC 3 and the antenna 5A. Furthermore, the power amplifier 2A is connected to the tracker module 1.
- the power amplifier 2A can amplify the high frequency signal RF1 received from the RFIC 3 using the power supply voltage Vcc1 supplied from the tracker module 1.
- the high frequency signal RF1 is a signal of a first communication system constructed using radio access technology (RAT). Examples of the first communication system include a 5GNR (5th Generation New Radio) system and a 4GLTE (4th Generation Long Term Evolution) system, but the first communication system is not limited to these.
- RAT radio access technology
- the power amplifier 2B is connected between the RFIC 3 and the antenna 5B. Furthermore, the power amplifier 2B is connected to the tracker module 1.
- the power amplifier 2B can amplify the high frequency signal RF2 received from the RFIC 3 using the power supply voltage Vcc2 supplied from the tracker module 1.
- the high frequency signal RF2 is a signal of a second communication system constructed using a RAT.
- the second communication system is different from the first communication system.
- An example of the second communication system is a 2G (2nd Generation) communication system, but the second communication system is not limited to this.
- the RFIC3 is an example of a signal processing circuit that processes high-frequency signals.
- the RFIC3 can receive digital IQ signals from the BBIC4 and supply high-frequency signals RF1 and RF2 to the power amplifiers 2A and 2B, respectively.
- the internal configuration of the RFIC3 will be described later.
- BBIC4 is a baseband signal processing circuit that processes signals using a frequency band lower than the high frequency signals RF1 and RF2.
- BBIC4 digitally modulates, for example, an image signal for image display and/or a bit sequence representing an audio signal for communication via a speaker to generate a digital IQ signal.
- the generated digital IQ signal is supplied to RFIC3. Note that BBIC4 does not have to be included in communication device 6.
- the antenna 5A transmits the high frequency signal RF1 amplified by the power amplifier 2A to the outside of the communication device 6.
- the antenna 5B transmits the high frequency signal RF2 amplified by the power amplifier 2B to the outside of the communication device 6.
- One of the antennas 5A and 5B may transmit both the high frequency signals RF1 and RF2.
- the other of the antennas 5A and 5B may not be included in the communication device 6.
- both the antennas 5A and 5B may not be included in the communication device 6.
- the communication device 6 may be connected to an external antenna.
- the RFIC 3 includes a DPD circuit 71, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 72, and a quadrature modulator 73.
- the RFIC 3 may also have a control unit (not shown) that controls the tracker module 1. Note that some or all of the functions of the RFIC 3 as a control unit may be implemented outside the RFIC 3.
- the DPD circuit 71 can pre-distort the digital IQ signal supplied from the BBIC 4 using a mathematical model for DPD. For example, the DPD circuit 71 can generate a pre-distorted digital IQ signal from the digital IQ signal. The pre-distorted digital IQ signal is supplied to the DAC 72. Note that the DPD circuit 71 may skip the DPD processing. In this case, the DPD circuit 71 can supply the digital IQ signal supplied from the BBIC 4 (i.e., a digital IQ signal that has not been pre-distorted) to the DAC 72.
- the DAC 72 can convert the digital IQ signal supplied from the DPD circuit 71 into an analog IQ signal.
- the converted analog IQ signal is supplied to the quadrature modulator 73.
- a conventional DAC can be used as the DAC 72, and there is no need to be particularly limited to this type of DAC.
- the quadrature modulator 73 can generate a high-frequency signal RF by performing quadrature modulation and up-conversion on the analog IQ signal supplied from the DAC 72.
- the generated high-frequency signal RF is supplied to the power amplifier 2.
- a conventional quadrature modulator can be used as the quadrature modulator 73, and there is no need to be particularly limited to this type of modulator.
- the circuit configuration of the RFIC3 shown in FIG. 2 is an example and is not limited to this.
- some or all of the DPD circuit 71, the DAC 72, and the quadrature modulator 73 may not be included in the RFIC3.
- the DPD circuit 71 may be included in the BBIC4.
- the mathematical model used for DPD can be a first mathematical model that incorporates the memory effect, or a second mathematical model that does not incorporate the memory effect.
- the memory effect is defined as the change in distortion of a power amplifier caused by past input signals. Therefore, the first mathematical model models not only the distortion caused by the current input signal, but also the change in distortion caused by past input signals. Therefore, the first mathematical model can reduce nonlinear distortion more than the second mathematical model, but the calculation load increases.
- DPD is performed by power amplifiers 2A and 2B using different mathematical models. Specifically, the input signal to power amplifier 2A is pre-distorted using a first mathematical model, and the input signal to power amplifier 2B is pre-distorted using a second mathematical model, or is not pre-distorted.
- the above formula (1) is an example of a polynomial used in the second formula model.
- the formula model using formula (1) is called a memoryless polynomial model.
- the input signal is multiplied by an exponentialized input signal.
- the polynomial degree N and the DPD coefficient c i are parameters of the memoryless polynomial model, and can be experimentally and/or empirically determined in advance, and are stored in advance in a memory (not shown) included in the RFIC 3, for example.
- equation (1) if the polynomial degree N is increased, it is expected that the nonlinear distortion will be reduced, but there is a concern that the calculation load will increase. Note that equation (1) does not take into account the memory effect, so there is a limit to the reduction of nonlinear distortion in a memoryless polynomial model.
- the above formula (2) is an example of a polynomial used in the first formula model.
- the formula model using formula (2) is called a memory polynomial model (MPM).
- MPM memory polynomial model
- the polynomial degree N, memory depth Q, and DPD coefficient c qi are parameters of the MPM, and can be experimentally and/or empirically determined in advance, and are stored in advance in a memory (not shown) included in the RFIC 3, for example.
- equation (2) if the polynomial degree N and memory depth Q are increased, it is expected that the nonlinear distortion will be reduced.
- N and memory depth Q are increased, it is expected that the nonlinear distortion will be reduced.
- the above formula (3) is an example of a polynomial used in the first formula model.
- the formula model in which formula (3) is used is called the Generalized Memory Polynomial Model (GMP).
- GMP Generalized Memory Polynomial Model
- the sync term (3-1) is combined with the lag term (3-2) and the lead term (3-3).
- the sync term (3-1) is the same as the term in formula (2) for MPM.
- the lag term (3-2) the input signal is multiplied with an exponentiated past input signal.
- the lead term (3-3) the input signal is multiplied with an exponentiated future input signal.
- the orders N, Nd and Ne of each term, the memory depth Q, and the DPD coefficients cqi , dqmi and eqmi are GMP parameters and can be determined in advance experimentally and/or empirically, and are pre-stored, for example, in a memory (not shown) included in RFIC3.
- equation (3) if the memory depths Q, Qd , Qe and the cross widths Md , Me of each term are increased, it is expected that the nonlinear distortion will be reduced. However, there are concerns about an increase in the number of parameters, an increase in the calculation load, and a decrease in convergence when determining the DPD coefficients cqi , dqmi , and eqmi .
- the effect of reducing nonlinear distortion increases in the order of memoryless polynomial model, MPM, and GMP, but the number of parameters increases and the computational load (i.e., power consumption) also increases.
- GMP can reduce nonlinear distortion more than MPM and the memoryless polynomial model
- MPM can reduce nonlinear distortion more than the memoryless polynomial model.
- the memoryless polynomial model can reduce the computational load more than MPM and GMP
- MPM can reduce the computational load more than GMP.
- the memoryless polynomial model can reduce the amount of memory for storing parameters more than MPM and GMP
- MPM can reduce the amount of memory for storing parameters more than GMP.
- the first mathematical expression model is not limited to MPM and GMP. In other words, the first mathematical expression model may use a mathematical expression other than the above formulas (2) and (3).
- the second mathematical expression model is not limited to the memoryless polynomial model. In other words, the second mathematical expression model may use a mathematical expression other than the above formula (1).
- the tracker module 1 includes a pre-regulator circuit 10, a switched capacitor circuit 20, an output switch circuit 30, a first filter circuit 41, a second filter circuit 42, switches S56 and S57, and a digital control circuit 60.
- the pre-regulator circuit 10 can convert an input voltage supplied from a DC power source (not shown) into a regulated voltage using a power inductor.
- the pre-regulator circuit 10 can supply the regulated voltage to the switched capacitor circuit 20, and can also supply the regulated voltage to the power amplifier 2B without passing through the switched capacitor circuit 20.
- the pre-regulator circuit 10 includes a power inductor and a switch.
- a power inductor is an inductor used to boost and/or lower a direct current (DC) voltage.
- the power inductor is arranged in series with the DC path.
- the power inductor may be connected between the DC path and ground (i.e., arranged in parallel with the DC path).
- Such a pre-regulator circuit 10 may also be called a magnetic regulator or a DC/DC converter.
- the switched-capacitor circuit 20 includes multiple capacitors and multiple switches, and can generate multiple discrete voltages, each having multiple discrete voltage levels, from the voltage supplied from the pre-regulator circuit 10.
- the switched-capacitor circuit 20 is sometimes called a switched-capacitor voltage balancer.
- the output switch circuit 30 can selectively output at least one of the multiple discrete voltages generated by the switched capacitor circuit 20 to the power amplifier 2A.
- the first filter circuit 41 and the second filter circuit 42 can attenuate noise from a plurality of discrete voltages supplied to the power amplifier 2A.
- the first filter circuit 41 and the second filter circuit 42 may also be called a pulse shaping filter or a transition shaping filter.
- Switches S56 and S57 are on/off switches for the first filter circuit 41 and the second filter circuit 42, respectively.
- Switch S56 is connected between the output switch circuit 30 and the first filter circuit 41.
- Switch S57 is connected between the output switch circuit 30 and the second filter circuit 42.
- the digital control circuit 60 can control the pre-regulator circuit 10, the switched capacitor circuit 20, the output switch circuit 30, and the switches S56 and S57 based on a digital control signal from the RFIC 3.
- the tracker module 1 may not include some of the pre-regulator circuit 10, the switched capacitor circuit 20, the output switch circuit 30, the first filter circuit 41, the second filter circuit 42, the switches S56 and S57, and the digital control circuit 60.
- the tracker module 1 may not include the pre-regulator circuit 10.
- the tracker module 1 may not include the first filter circuit 41, the second filter circuit 42, and the switches S56 and S57. Any combination of the pre-regulator circuit 10, the switched capacitor circuit 20, the output switch circuit 30, the first filter circuit 41, the second filter circuit 42, and the switches S56 and S57 may be integrated into a single circuit.
- the tracker module 1 may include multiple voltage supply circuits as in Patent Document 2.
- the output switch circuit 30 may be configured to select at least one of the multiple voltage supply circuits.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit configuration diagram of the tracker module 1 according to this embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is an exemplary circuit configuration, and the tracker module 1 may be implemented using any of a wide variety of circuit implementations and circuit techniques. Therefore, the description of the tracker module 1 provided below should not be construed as limiting.
- the switched capacitor circuit 20 includes capacitors C11 to C16, capacitors C10, C20, C30, and C40, and switches S11 to S14, S21 to S24, S31 to S34, and S41 to S44. Energy and charge are input from the pre-regulator circuit 10 to the switched capacitor circuit 20 at nodes N1 to N4, and are extracted from the switched capacitor circuit 20 to the output switch circuit 30 at nodes N1 to N4.
- Capacitor C11 has two electrodes. One of the two electrodes of capacitor C11 is connected to one end of switch S11 and one end of switch S12. The other of the two electrodes of capacitor C11 is connected to one end of switch S21 and one end of switch S22.
- Capacitor C12 has two electrodes. One of the two electrodes of capacitor C12 is connected to one end of switch S21 and one end of switch S22. The other of the two electrodes of capacitor C12 is connected to one end of switch S31 and one end of switch S32.
- Capacitor C13 has two electrodes. One of the two electrodes of capacitor C13 is connected to one end of switch S31 and one end of switch S32. The other of the two electrodes of capacitor C13 is connected to one end of switch S41 and one end of switch S42.
- Capacitor C14 has two electrodes. One of the two electrodes of capacitor C14 is connected to one end of switch S13 and one end of switch S14. The other of the two electrodes of capacitor C14 is connected to one end of switch S23 and one end of switch S24.
- Capacitor C15 has two electrodes. One of the two electrodes of capacitor C15 is connected to one end of switch S23 and one end of switch S24. The other of the two electrodes of capacitor C15 is connected to one end of switch S33 and one end of switch S34.
- Capacitor C16 has two electrodes. One of the two electrodes of capacitor C16 is connected to one end of switch S33 and one end of switch S34. The other of the two electrodes of capacitor C16 is connected to one end of switch S43 and one end of switch S44.
- the set of capacitors C11 and C14, the set of capacitors C12 and C15, and the set of capacitors C13 and C16 can each be charged and discharged in a complementary manner by repeating the first and second phases.
- switches S12, S13, S22, S23, S32, S33, S42, and S43 are turned on.
- one of the two electrodes of capacitor C12 is connected to node N3
- the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C12 and one of the two electrodes of capacitor C15 are connected to node N2
- the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C15 is connected to node N1.
- switches S11, S14, S21, S24, S31, S34, S41 and S44 are turned on.
- one of the two electrodes of capacitor C15 is connected to node N3
- the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C15 and one of the two electrodes of capacitor C12 are connected to node N2
- the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C12 is connected to node N1.
- the other of the capacitors C12 and C15 can be discharged to the capacitor C30.
- the capacitors C12 and C15 can be charged and discharged in a complementary manner.
- the set of capacitors C11 and C14 and the set of capacitors C13 and C16 can also be charged and discharged in a complementary manner, similar to the set of capacitors C12 and C15, by repeating the first and second phases.
- Each of the capacitors C10, C20, C30, and C40 functions as a smoothing capacitor. That is, each of the capacitors C10, C20, C30, and C40 is used to hold and smooth the voltages V1 to V4 at the nodes N1 to N4.
- Capacitor C10 is connected between node N1 and ground. Specifically, one of the two electrodes of capacitor C10 is connected to node N1. Meanwhile, the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C10 is connected to ground.
- Capacitor C20 is connected between nodes N2 and N1. Specifically, one of the two electrodes of capacitor C20 is connected to node N2. Meanwhile, the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C20 is connected to node N1.
- Capacitor C30 is connected between nodes N3 and N2. Specifically, one of the two electrodes of capacitor C30 is connected to node N3. Meanwhile, the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C30 is connected to node N2.
- Capacitor C40 is connected between nodes N4 and N3. Specifically, one of the two electrodes of capacitor C40 is connected to node N4. Meanwhile, the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C40 is connected to node N3.
- the switch S11 is connected between one of the two electrodes of the capacitor C11 and the node N3. Specifically, one end of the switch S11 is connected to one of the two electrodes of the capacitor C11. Meanwhile, the other end of the switch S11 is connected to the node N3.
- the switch S12 is connected between one of the two electrodes of the capacitor C11 and the node N4. Specifically, one end of the switch S12 is connected to one of the two electrodes of the capacitor C11. Meanwhile, the other end of the switch S12 is connected to the node N4.
- the switch S21 is connected between one of the two electrodes of the capacitor C12 and the node N2. Specifically, one end of the switch S21 is connected to one of the two electrodes of the capacitor C12 and the other of the two electrodes of the capacitor C11. Meanwhile, the other end of the switch S21 is connected to the node N2.
- the switch S22 is connected between one of the two electrodes of the capacitor C12 and the node N3. Specifically, one end of the switch S22 is connected to one of the two electrodes of the capacitor C12 and the other of the two electrodes of the capacitor C11. Meanwhile, the other end of the switch S22 is connected to the node N3.
- Switch S31 is connected between the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C12 and node N1. Specifically, one end of switch S31 is connected to the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C12 and one of the two electrodes of capacitor C13. Meanwhile, the other end of switch S31 is connected to node N1.
- Switch S32 is connected between the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C12 and node N2. Specifically, one end of switch S32 is connected to the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C12 and one of the two electrodes of capacitor C13. Meanwhile, the other end of switch S32 is connected to node N2. In other words, the other end of switch S32 is connected to the other end of switch S21.
- Switch S41 is connected between the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C13 and ground. Specifically, one end of switch S41 is connected to the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C13. Meanwhile, the other end of switch S41 is connected to ground.
- Switch S42 is connected between the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C13 and node N1. Specifically, one end of switch S42 is connected to the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C13. Meanwhile, the other end of switch S42 is connected to node N1. In other words, the other end of switch S42 is connected to the other end of switch S31.
- Switch S13 is connected between one of the two electrodes of capacitor C14 and node N3. Specifically, one end of switch S13 is connected to one of the two electrodes of capacitor C14. Meanwhile, the other end of switch S13 is connected to node N3. In other words, the other end of switch S13 is connected to the other end of switch S11 and the other end of switch S22.
- Switch S14 is connected between one of the two electrodes of capacitor C14 and node N4. Specifically, one end of switch S14 is connected to one of the two electrodes of capacitor C14. Meanwhile, the other end of switch S14 is connected to node N4. In other words, the other end of switch S14 is connected to the other end of switch S12.
- Switch S23 is connected between one of the two electrodes of capacitor C15 and node N2. Specifically, one end of switch S23 is connected to one of the two electrodes of capacitor C15 and the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C14. Meanwhile, the other end of switch S23 is connected to node N2. In other words, the other end of switch S23 is connected to the other end of switch S21 and the other end of switch S32.
- Switch S24 is connected between one of the two electrodes of capacitor C15 and node N3. Specifically, one end of switch S24 is connected to one of the two electrodes of capacitor C15 and the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C14. Meanwhile, the other end of switch S24 is connected to node N3. In other words, the other end of switch S24 is connected to the other end of switch S11, the other end of switch S22, and the other end of switch S13.
- Switch S33 is connected between the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C15 and node N1. Specifically, one end of switch S33 is connected to the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C15 and one of the two electrodes of capacitor C16. Meanwhile, the other end of switch S33 is connected to node N1. In other words, the other end of switch S33 is connected to the other end of switch S31 and the other end of switch S42.
- Switch S34 is connected between the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C15 and node N2. Specifically, one end of switch S34 is connected to the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C15 and one of the two electrodes of capacitor C16. Meanwhile, the other end of switch S34 is connected to node N2. In other words, the other end of switch S34 is connected to the other end of switch S21, the other end of switch S32, and the other end of switch S23.
- Switch S43 is connected between the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C16 and ground. Specifically, one end of switch S43 is connected to the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C16. Meanwhile, the other end of switch S43 is connected to ground.
- Switch S44 is connected between the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C16 and node N1. Specifically, one end of switch S44 is connected to the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C16. Meanwhile, the other end of switch S44 is connected to node N1. In other words, the other end of switch S44 is connected to the other end of switch S31, the other end of switch S42, and the other end of switch S33.
- a first set of switches including switches S12, S13, S22, S23, S32, S33, S42, and S43, and a second set of switches including switches S11, S14, S21, S24, S31, S34, S41, and S44 are switched on and off complementarily based on a control signal S2. Specifically, in the first phase, the switches of the first set are turned on, and the switches of the second set are turned off. Conversely, in the second phase, the switches of the first set are turned off, and the switches of the second set are turned on.
- charging of capacitors C10 to C40 is performed from capacitors C11 to C13, and in the other of the first and second phases, charging of capacitors C10 to C40 is performed from capacitors C14 to C16.
- capacitors C10 to C40 are always charged from capacitors C11 to C13 or capacitors C14 to C16, even if current flows from nodes N1 to N4 to the output switch circuit 30 at high speed, charge is replenished at high speed to nodes N1 to N4, so that fluctuations in the potential of nodes N1 to N4 can be suppressed.
- the voltage ratio (V1:V2:V3:V4) is not limited to (1:2:3:4).
- the voltage ratio (V1:V2:V3:V4) may be (1:2:4:8).
- the configuration of the switched capacitor circuit 20 shown in FIG. 3 is an example and is not limited to this.
- the switched capacitor circuit 20 is configured to be able to supply four discrete voltages, but the number of discrete voltages is not limited to this.
- the switched capacitor circuit 20 may be configured to be able to supply any number of discrete voltages greater than or equal to two.
- the switched capacitor circuit 20 may include at least capacitors C12 and C15, and switches S21 to S24 and S31 to S34.
- the output switch circuit 30 includes input terminals 131 to 134, switches S51 to S54, and an output terminal 130, as shown in Fig. 3.
- the output terminal 130 is connected to the first filter circuit 41 and the second filter circuit 42.
- the output terminal 130 is a terminal for supplying a power supply voltage selected from voltages V1 to V4 to the power amplifier 2A via the first filter circuit 41 and/or the second filter circuit 42.
- the input terminals 131 to 134 are connected to the nodes N4 to N1 of the switched capacitor circuit 20, respectively.
- the input terminals 131 to 134 are terminals for receiving the voltages V4 to V1 from the switched capacitor circuit 20.
- Switch S51 is connected between input terminal 131 and output terminal 130. Specifically, switch S51 has a terminal connected to input terminal 131 and a terminal connected to output terminal 130. In this connection configuration, switch S51 can switch between connection and non-connection between input terminal 131 and output terminal 130 by being switched on/off by control signal S3.
- Switch S52 is connected between input terminal 132 and output terminal 130. Specifically, switch S52 has a terminal connected to input terminal 132 and a terminal connected to output terminal 130. In this connection configuration, switch S52 can switch between connection and non-connection between input terminal 132 and output terminal 130 by being switched on/off by control signal S3.
- Switch S53 is connected between input terminal 133 and output terminal 130. Specifically, switch S53 has a terminal connected to input terminal 133 and a terminal connected to output terminal 130. In this connection configuration, switch S53 can be switched on/off by control signal S3, thereby switching between connection and non-connection between input terminal 133 and output terminal 130.
- Switch S54 is connected between input terminal 134 and output terminal 130. Specifically, switch S54 has a terminal connected to input terminal 134 and a terminal connected to output terminal 130. In this connection configuration, switch S54 can be switched on/off by control signal S3, thereby switching between connection and non-connection between input terminal 134 and output terminal 130.
- switches S51 to S54 are controlled to be exclusively on. In other words, only one of the switches S51 to S54 is turned on, and the remaining switches S51 to S54 are turned off. This allows the output switch circuit 30 to output one voltage selected from the voltages V1 to V4.
- the configuration of the output switch circuit 30 shown in FIG. 3 is an example and is not limited to this.
- the switches S51 to S54 may have any configuration as long as they can selectively connect at least one of the four input terminals 131 to 134 to the output terminal 130.
- the output switch circuit 30 may further include a switch connected between the switches S51 to S53 and the switch S54 and the output terminal 130.
- the output switch circuit 30 may further include a switch connected between the switches S51 and S52 and the switches S53 and S54 and the output terminal 130.
- the output switch circuit 30 only needs to include at least two of the switches S51 to S54.
- the pre-regulator circuit 10 includes an input terminal 110, output terminals 111-114, switches S61-S63 and S71-S73, a power inductor L71, and capacitors C61-C64.
- the input terminal 110 is a DC voltage input terminal.
- the input terminal 110 is a terminal for receiving an input voltage from the DC power supply 50.
- the output terminal 111 is an output terminal for the voltage V4.
- the output terminal 111 is a terminal for supplying the voltage V4 to the switched capacitor circuit 20.
- the output terminal 111 is connected to the node N4 of the switched capacitor circuit 20.
- the output terminal 112 is an output terminal for the voltage V3.
- the output terminal 112 is a terminal for supplying the voltage V3 to the switched capacitor circuit 20, and is also a terminal for supplying the voltage V3 to the power amplifier 2B as the power supply voltage Vcc2.
- the output terminal 112 is connected to the node N3 of the switched capacitor circuit 20, and is also connected to the power amplifier 2B.
- the output terminal 113 is an output terminal for the voltage V2.
- the output terminal 113 is a terminal for supplying the voltage V2 to the switched capacitor circuit 20.
- the output terminal 113 is connected to the node N2 of the switched capacitor circuit 20.
- the output terminal 114 is an output terminal for the voltage V1.
- the output terminal 114 is a terminal for supplying the voltage V1 to the switched capacitor circuit 20.
- the output terminal 114 is connected to the node N1 of the switched capacitor circuit 20.
- the switch S71 is connected between the input terminal 110 and one end of the power inductor L71. Specifically, the switch S71 has a terminal connected to the input terminal 110 and a terminal connected to one end of the power inductor L71. In this connection configuration, the switch S71 can switch between open and closed states based on the control signal S1, thereby switching between connection and non-connection between the input terminal 110 and one end of the power inductor L71.
- the switch S72 is connected between one end of the power inductor L71 and the ground. Specifically, the switch S72 has a terminal connected to one end of the power inductor L71 and a terminal connected to the ground. In this connection configuration, the switch S72 can switch between connection and non-connection between one end of the power inductor L71 and the ground by switching between open and closed based on the control signal S1.
- Switch S73 is connected between input terminal 110 and power amplifier 2B. Specifically, switch S73 includes a terminal connected to input terminal 110 and a terminal connected to power amplifier 2B. In this connection configuration, switch S73 can switch between connecting and disconnecting input terminal 110 and power amplifier 2B by switching between opening and closing based on control signal S1. In other words, switch S73 can switch between supplying and not supplying the input voltage of pre-regulator circuit 10 to power amplifier 2B.
- the switch S61 is connected between the other end of the power inductor L71 and the output terminal 111. Specifically, the switch S61 has a terminal connected to the other end of the power inductor L71 and a terminal connected to the output terminal 111. In this connection configuration, the switch S61 can switch between opening and closing based on the control signal S1, thereby switching between connection and non-connection between the other end of the power inductor L71 and the output terminal 111.
- the switch S62 is connected between the other end of the power inductor L71 and the output terminal 112. Specifically, the switch S62 has a terminal connected to the other end of the power inductor L71 and a terminal connected to the output terminal 112. In this connection configuration, the switch S62 can switch between opening and closing based on the control signal S1, thereby switching between connection and non-connection between the other end of the power inductor L71 and the output terminal 112.
- the switch S63 is connected between the other end of the power inductor L71 and the output terminal 113. Specifically, the switch S63 has a terminal connected to the other end of the power inductor L71 and a terminal connected to the output terminal 113. In this connection configuration, the switch S63 can switch between opening and closing based on the control signal S1, thereby switching between connection and non-connection between the other end of the power inductor L71 and the output terminal 113.
- One of the two electrodes of capacitor C61 is connected to switch S61 and output terminal 111.
- the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C61 is connected to switch S62, output terminal 112, and one of the two electrodes of capacitor C62.
- One of the two electrodes of capacitor C62 is connected to switch S62, output terminal 112, and the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C61.
- the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C62 is connected to a path that connects switch S63, output terminal 113, and one of the two electrodes of capacitor C63.
- One of the two electrodes of capacitor C63 is connected to switch S63, output terminal 113, and the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C62.
- the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C63 is connected to output terminal 114 and one of the two electrodes of capacitor C64.
- One of the two electrodes of capacitor C64 is connected to output terminal 114 and the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C63.
- the other of the two electrodes of capacitor C64 is connected to ground.
- Switches S61 to S63 are controlled to be exclusively on. In other words, only one of switches S61 to S63 is turned on, and the remaining switches S61 to S63 are turned off. By turning on only one of switches S61 to S63, the pre-regulator circuit 10 is able to change the voltage supplied to the switched capacitor circuit 20 between the voltage levels of voltages V2 to V4.
- the pre-regulator circuit 10 configured in this manner can supply charge to the switched capacitor circuit 20 via at least one of the output terminals 111 to 114.
- the pre-regulator circuit 10 needs to include at least switches S71 and S72 and a power inductor L71.
- the first filter circuit 41 includes a parallel circuit (LC parallel circuit) of an inductor L51 and a capacitor C51. One end of the parallel circuit of the inductor L51 and the capacitor C51 is connected to the switch S56, and the other end of the parallel circuit of the inductor L51 and the capacitor C51 is connected to the power amplifier 2A.
- LC parallel circuit LC parallel circuit
- the second filter circuit 42 includes a parallel circuit of an inductor L52 and a capacitor C52. One end of the parallel circuit of the inductor L52 and the capacitor C52 is connected to the switch S57, and the other end of the parallel circuit of the inductor L52 and the capacitor C52 is connected to the power amplifier 2A.
- the first filter circuit 41 and the second filter circuit 42 connected in this manner are switched on/off by the switches S56 and S57.
- the switches S56 and S57 it is possible to realize the following three types of band elimination filters (1) to (3).
- the opening and closing of such switches S56 and S57 can be controlled based on, for example, the channel bandwidth (i.e., the modulation bandwidth) of the radio frequency signal RF1. Furthermore, if the power amplifier 2A is capable of amplifying transmission signals of multiple frequency bands, the opening and closing of the switches S56 and S57 may be controlled based on the frequency band of the transmission signal amplified by the power amplifier 2A. Note that the control of the opening and closing of the switches S56 and S57 is not limited to the above.
- the circuit configurations of the first filter circuit 41 and the second filter circuit 42 shown in FIG. 3 are illustrative and are not limited to this.
- the first filter circuit 41 and/or the second filter circuit 42 may be a series circuit of an inductor and a capacitor (LC series circuit).
- the LC series circuit may be connected between the path connecting the output switch circuit 30 and the power amplifier 2A and ground.
- the digital control circuit 60 includes a first controller 61 and a second controller 62, as shown in FIG.
- the first controller 61 can process a serial data signal (DATA) based on a clock signal (CLK) supplied from the RFIC 3 to generate control signals S1 to S4.
- a serial data signal means a data signal that is transmitted one bit at a time over one signal line or circuit.
- the control signal S1 is a signal for controlling the opening and closing of the switches S61-S63, S71-S73 included in the pre-regulator circuit 10.
- the control signal S2 is a signal for controlling the opening and closing of the switches S11-S14, S21-S24, S31-S34, and S41-S44 included in the switched capacitor circuit 20.
- the control signal S3 is a signal for controlling the opening and closing of the switches S51-S54 included in the output switch circuit 30 when the APT mode is applied to the power amplifier 2A.
- the control signal S4 is a signal for controlling the opening and closing of the switches S56 and S57 for the first filter circuit 41 and the second filter circuit 42.
- a clock signal for processing the serial data signal in the first controller 61 uses a signal line separate from the serial data signal, but is not limited to this.
- the clock signal may be transmitted over the same signal line as the serial data signal.
- one serial data signal is used to control the pre-regulator circuit 10, the switched capacitor circuit 20, the output switch circuit 30, and the switches S56 and S57, but multiple serial data signals may be used.
- the second controller 62 can process digital control logic/line (DCL) signals (DCL1, DCL2) supplied from the RFIC 3 to generate a control signal S5.
- DCL digital control logic/line
- the DCL signal is an example of a parallel data signal.
- a parallel data signal means a data signal that is transmitted in parallel simultaneously over multiple signal lines or circuits.
- the DCL signals (DCL1, DCL2) are generated by the RFIC 3 based on the envelope signal of the high frequency signal when the D-ET mode is applied to the power amplifier 2A. Therefore, the control signal S5 is a signal for controlling the opening and closing of the switches S51 to S54 included in the output switch circuit 30 when the D-ET mode is applied to the power amplifier 2A.
- Each of the DCL signals (DCL1, DCL2) is a 1-bit signal.
- Each of the voltages V1 to V4 is represented by a combination of two 1-bit signals.
- V1, V2, V3 and V4 are represented by "00", “01”, “10” and “11", respectively. Gray code may be used to represent the voltage levels.
- DCL signals are used to control the output switch circuit 30 in the D-ET mode, but the number of DCL signals is not limited to this.
- one or any number of DCL signals greater than or equal to three may be used depending on the number of voltage levels that each of the output switch circuits 30 can select.
- the digital control signal used to control the output switch circuit 30 is not limited to a DCL signal.
- Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing the power amplification method according to the present embodiment.
- the pre-regulator circuit 10 converts the input voltage supplied from the DC power supply into a regulated voltage (S10).
- S10 a regulated voltage
- S20 it is determined whether the power amplifier 2A or 2B is to be used. In other words, it is determined whether the high frequency signal RF1 is amplified by the power amplifier 2A or the high frequency signal RF2 is amplified by the power amplifier 2B.
- the switched capacitor circuit 20 when the power amplifier 2A is used (2A in S20), the switched capacitor circuit 20 generates a plurality of discrete voltages based on the regulated voltage (S30).
- the output switch circuit 30 selectively supplies at least one of the plurality of discrete voltages to the power amplifier 2A (S40). This applies the D-ET mode to the power amplifier 2A.
- the RFIC 3 pre-distorts the input signal (high frequency signal RF1) of the power amplifier 2A using a first mathematical model incorporating the memory effect (S50).
- the power amplifier 2A amplifies the pre-distorted input signal (high frequency signal RF1) (S60).
- the pre-regulator circuit 10 supplies the regulated voltage to power amplifier 2B (S70). In other words, the generation of discrete voltages is skipped. This applies the APT mode to power amplifier 2B.
- RFIC 3 pre-distorts the input signal (high frequency signal RF2) of power amplifier 2B using a second mathematical model that does not incorporate memory effects (S80). Power amplifier 2B amplifies the pre-distorted input signal (high frequency signal RF2) (S90).
- step S80 the RFIC 3 does not need to pre-distort the input signal of the power amplifier 2B.
- the power amplifier 2B amplifies the input signal that has not been pre-distorted.
- Fig. 5 is a component layout diagram of the communication device 6 according to this embodiment. Specifically, Fig. 5 is a plan view of the mother board 1000 and the antennas 5A and 5B. In Fig. 5, each component is given a letter (e.g., "PA1") representing the component so that the layout relationship of the components can be easily understood, but the actual components do not need to be given the letter.
- PA1 a letter representing the component so that the layout relationship of the components can be easily understood, but the actual components do not need to be given the letter.
- Antenna 5A (ANT1) and antenna 5B (ANT2) are arranged near the mother board 1000.
- a tracker module 1 (TM) On the mother board 1000, a tracker module 1 (TM), a power amplifier 2A (PA1), a power amplifier 2B (PA2), an RFIC 3, and a BBIC 4 are arranged.
- Power amplifier 2A is disposed closer to tracker module 1 than power amplifier 2B. In other words, the distance D1 between power amplifier 2A and tracker module 1 is shorter than the distance D2 between power amplifier 2B and tracker module 1.
- power amplifier 2A is disposed closer to RFIC 3 than power amplifier 2B.
- distance D3 between power amplifier 2A and RFIC 3 is shorter than distance D4 between power amplifier 2B and RFIC 3.
- the power amplification system 7 includes the power amplifier 2A configured to amplify the high frequency signal RF1, the power amplifier 2B configured to amplify the high frequency signal RF2, the switched capacitor circuit 20 configured to generate a plurality of discrete voltages based on an adjustment voltage supplied from the pre-regulator circuit 10, the output switch circuit 30 configured to selectively output at least one of the plurality of discrete voltages to the power amplifier 2A, and the DPD circuit 71 configured to pre-distort the high frequency signals RF1 and RF2, the pre-regulator circuit 10 is configured to convert an input voltage into an adjustment voltage and output it to the switched capacitor circuit 20, and to output the adjustment voltage to the power amplifier 2B without passing through the switched capacitor circuit 20, and the DPD circuit 71 pre-distorts the high frequency signal RF1 using a first mathematical model for DPD, pre-distorts the high frequency signal RF2 using a second mathematical model for DPD, or does not
- the power amplification method also converts an input voltage into an adjusted voltage (S10), generates a plurality of discrete voltages based on the adjusted voltage (S30), selectively supplies at least one of the plurality of discrete voltages to power amplifier 2A (S40), pre-distorts a first input signal of power amplifier 2A using a first mathematical model (S50), amplifies the pre-distorted first input signal (S60), skips the generation of the plurality of discrete voltages, and supplies the adjusted voltage to power amplifier 2B (S70), pre-distorts a second input signal of power amplifier 2B using a second mathematical model (S80), and amplifies the pre-distorted second input signal (S90).
- the DPD circuit 71 pre-distorts a first input signal of the power amplifier 2A, to which at least one of a plurality of discrete voltages generated based on the adjustment voltage is selectively supplied, using a first mathematical model, and pre-distorts a second input signal of the power amplifier 2B, to which the adjustment voltage is supplied, using a second mathematical model.
- DPD based on the first mathematical expression model is applied to the input signal of the power amplifier 2A to which at least one of a plurality of discrete voltages is selectively supplied
- DPD based on the second mathematical expression model is applied to the input signal of the power amplifier 2B to which the regulated voltage is supplied, or DPD is not applied.
- the nonlinear region of the power amplifier may be more actively utilized to improve power efficiency than when the regulated voltage is supplied, and in this case, nonlinear distortion increases. Therefore, by using the first mathematical expression model for the input signal of the power amplifier 2A, nonlinear distortion is reduced and improvement of the quality of the transmission signal is prioritized.
- the first mathematical model may incorporate the memory effect of the power amplifier 2A, and the second mathematical model may not incorporate the memory effect of the power amplifier 2B.
- the quality of the transmission signal can be further improved, and by pre-distorting the input signal using the second mathematical model, the amount of memory required can be further reduced.
- the D-ET mode may be applied to the power amplifier 2A
- the APT mode may be applied to the power amplifier 2B.
- the first mathematical model is used for the power amplifier 2A to which the D-ET mode is applied
- the second mathematical model is used for the power amplifier 2B to which the APT mode is applied, or DPD is not applied.
- the nonlinear region of the power amplifier is utilized more than in the APT mode, so nonlinear distortion increases. Therefore, in the D-ET mode, the quality of the transmission signal is improved, and in the APT mode, the amount of memory required for the DPD parameters is reduced, thereby effectively improving the quality of the transmission signal while suppressing an increase in the amount of memory required for the DPD parameters.
- the power amplifier 2A may be arranged closer to the tracker module 1 including the output switch circuit 30 than the power amplifier 2B.
- the power supply voltage Vcc1 supplied to the power amplifier 2A changes in voltage level discretely at shorter time intervals than the power supply voltage Vcc2 supplied to the power amplifier 2B, and therefore degradation in the voltage supply path is greater. Therefore, shortening the voltage supply path between the power amplifier 2A and the RFIC 3 has a significant effect in suppressing degradation of the power supply voltage Vcc1.
- the degree of freedom in the placement of the power amplifier 2B can be improved.
- the power amplifier 2A may be placed closer to the RFIC 3 including the DPD circuit 71 than the power amplifier 2B.
- the power amplification system and the power amplification method according to the present invention have been described above based on the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, the power amplification system and the power amplification method according to the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments.
- the present invention also includes other embodiments realized by combining any of the components in the above-mentioned embodiments, modifications obtained by applying various modifications to the above-mentioned embodiments that would come to mind by a person skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and various devices incorporating the above-mentioned power amplification system.
- circuit elements and wiring may be inserted between the paths connecting the circuit elements and signal paths disclosed in the drawings.
- a filter may be inserted between the DAC 72 and the quadrature modulator 73.
- a filter may be inserted between the power amplifier 2A and the antenna 5A and/or between the power amplifier 2B and the antenna 5B.
- multiple discrete voltages are supplied from the switched capacitor circuit to the output switch circuit, but this is not limited to the above.
- multiple voltages may be supplied from multiple DCDC converters.
- the number of discrete voltages is not limited to four.
- the multiple discrete voltages include at least a voltage corresponding to the maximum output power and a voltage corresponding to the most frequently occurring output power, it is possible to achieve an improvement in power added efficiency.
- the present invention can be widely used as a power amplifier system for amplifying high-frequency signals in communication devices such as mobile phones.
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Abstract
Description
以下に、実施の形態について説明する。
まず、本実施の形態に係る通信装置6の回路構成について、図2を参照しながら説明する。図2は、本実施の形態に係る通信装置6の回路構成図である。
RFIC3の内部構成について図2を参照しながら説明する。RFIC3は、DPD回路71と、デジタルアナログコンバータ(DAC:Digital-to-Analog Converter)72と、直交変調器(Quadrature Modulator)73と、を含む。また、RFIC3は、トラッカモジュール1を制御する制御部(図示せず)を有してもよい。なお、RFIC3の制御部としての機能の一部又は全部は、RFIC3の外部に実装されてもよい。
次に、トラッカモジュール1の回路構成について、図2を参照しながら説明する。トラッカモジュール1は、プリレギュレータ回路10と、スイッチトキャパシタ回路20と、出力スイッチ回路30と、第1フィルタ回路41及び第2フィルタ回路42と、スイッチS56及びS57と、デジタル制御回路60と、を備える。
まず、図3を参照しながら、スイッチトキャパシタ回路20の回路構成について説明する。スイッチトキャパシタ回路20は、図3に示すように、キャパシタC11~C16と、キャパシタC10、C20、C30及びC40と、スイッチS11~S14、S21~S24、S31~S34、及びS41~S44と、を備える。エネルギー及び電荷は、ノードN1~N4でプリレギュレータ回路10からスイッチトキャパシタ回路20に入力され、ノードN1~N4でスイッチトキャパシタ回路20から出力スイッチ回路30に引き出される。
次に、図3を参照しながら、出力スイッチ回路30の回路構成について説明する。出力スイッチ回路30は、図3に示すように、入力端子131~134と、スイッチS51~S54と、出力端子130と、を備える。
次に、図3を参照しながら、プリレギュレータ回路10の構成について説明する。図3に示すように、プリレギュレータ回路10は、入力端子110と、出力端子111~114と、スイッチS61~S63、S71~S73と、パワーインダクタL71と、キャパシタC61~C64と、を備える。
次に、図3を参照しながら、本実施の形態に係る第1フィルタ回路41及び第2フィルタ回路42の回路構成について説明する。
次に、デジタル制御回路60の回路構成について説明する。デジタル制御回路60は、図3に示すように、第1コントローラ61と、第2コントローラ62と、を備える。
次に、本実施の形態に係る電力増幅方法について図4を参照しながら説明する。図4は、本実施の形態に係る電力増幅方法を示すフローチャートである。
次に、通信装置6の部品配置について、図5を参照しながら説明する。図5は、本実施の形態に係る通信装置6の部品配置図である。具体的には、図5は、マザー基板1000及びアンテナ5A及び5Bの平面図である。図5において、各部品の配置関係が容易に理解されるように、各部品にはそれを表す文字(例えば「PA1」など)が付されているが、実際の各部品には、当該文字は付されなくてもよい。
以上のように、本実施の形態に係る電力増幅システム7は、高周波信号RF1を増幅するよう構成された電力増幅器2Aと、高周波信号RF2を増幅するよう構成された電力増幅器2Bと、プリレギュレータ回路10から供給された調整電圧に基づいて、複数の離散的電圧を生成するよう構成されたスイッチトキャパシタ回路20と、複数の離散的電圧のうちの少なくとも1つを選択的に電力増幅器2Aに出力するよう構成された出力スイッチ回路30と、高周波信号RF1及びRF2を予め歪ませるよう構成されたDPD回路71と、を備え、プリレギュレータ回路10は、入力電圧を調整電圧に変換してスイッチトキャパシタ回路20に出力する、及び、調整電圧をスイッチトキャパシタ回路20を介さずに電力増幅器2Bに出力するよう構成され、DPD回路71は、DPDのための第1数式モデルを用いて高周波信号RF1を予め歪ませ、DPDのための第2数式モデルを用いて高周波信号RF2を予め歪ませる、又は、高周波信号RF2を予め歪ませない。
以上、本発明に係る電力増幅システム及び電力増幅方法について、実施の形態及に基づいて説明したが、本発明に係る電力増幅システム及び電力増幅方法は、上記実施の形態に限定されるものではない。上記実施の形態における任意の構成要素を組み合わせて実現される別の実施の形態や、上記実施の形態に対して本発明の主旨を逸脱しない範囲で当業者が思いつく各種変形を施して得られる変形例や、上記電力増幅システムを内蔵した各種機器も本発明に含まれる。
2A、2B 電力増幅器
3 RFIC
4 BBIC
5A、5B アンテナ
6 通信装置
7 電力増幅システム
10 プリレギュレータ回路
20 スイッチトキャパシタ回路
30 出力スイッチ回路
41 第1フィルタ回路
42 第2フィルタ回路
60 デジタル制御回路
61 第1コントローラ
62 第2コントローラ
71 DPD回路
72 DAC
73 直交変調器
1000 マザー基板
Claims (11)
- 第1高周波信号を増幅するよう構成された第1電力増幅器と、
第2高周波信号を増幅するよう構成された第2電力増幅器と、
プリレギュレータ回路から供給された調整電圧に基づいて、複数の離散的電圧を生成するよう構成されたスイッチトキャパシタ回路と、
前記複数の離散的電圧のうちの少なくとも1つを選択的に前記第1電力増幅器に出力するよう構成された出力スイッチ回路と、
前記第1高周波信号及び前記第2高周波信号を予め歪ませるよう構成されたデジタルプリディストーション回路と、を備え、
前記プリレギュレータ回路は、入力電圧を前記調整電圧に変換して前記スイッチトキャパシタ回路に出力する、及び、前記調整電圧を前記スイッチトキャパシタ回路を介さずに前記第2電力増幅器に出力するよう構成され、
前記デジタルプリディストーション回路は、
デジタルプリディストーションのための第1数式モデルを用いて前記第1高周波信号を予め歪ませ、
デジタルプリディストーションのための第2数式モデルを用いて前記第2高周波信号を予め歪ませる、又は、前記第2高周波信号を予め歪ませない、
電力増幅システム。 - 前記第1数式モデルには、前記第1電力増幅器のメモリ効果が組み込まれており、
前記第2数式モデルには、前記第2電力増幅器のメモリ効果が組み込まれていない、
請求項1に記載の電力増幅システム。 - 前記第1電力増幅器には、D-ET(Digital Envelope Tracking)モードが適用され、
前記第2電力増幅器には、APT(Average Power Tracking)モードが適用される、
請求項1又は2に記載の電力増幅システム。 - 前記第2電力増幅器よりも前記第1電力増幅器の方が、前記出力スイッチ回路を含むトラッカモジュールの近くに配置されている、
請求項3に記載の電力増幅システム。 - 前記第2電力増幅器よりも前記第1電力増幅器の方が、前記デジタルプリディストーション回路を含む集積回路の近くに配置されている、
請求項3又は4に記載の電力増幅システム。 - 入力電圧を調整電圧に変換し、
前記調整電圧に基づいて複数の離散的電圧を生成し、
前記複数の離散的電圧の少なくとも1つを選択的に第1電力増幅器に供給し、
第1数式モデルを用いて前記第1電力増幅器の第1入力信号を予め歪ませ、
予め歪ませられた前記第1入力信号を増幅し、
前記複数の離散的電圧の生成をスキップして、前記調整電圧を第2電力増幅器に供給し、
第2数式モデルを用いて前記第2電力増幅器の第2入力信号を予め歪ませ、
予め歪ませられた前記第2入力信号を増幅する、
電力増幅方法。 - 前記第1数式モデルには、前記第1電力増幅器のメモリ効果が組み込まれており、
前記第2数式モデルには、前記第2電力増幅器のメモリ効果が組み込まれていない、
請求項6に記載の電力増幅方法。 - 前記第1電力増幅器には、D-ETモードが適用され、
前記第2電力増幅器には、APTモードが適用される、
請求項6又は7に記載の電力増幅方法。 - 調整電圧に基づいて生成された複数の離散的電圧の少なくとも1つが選択的に供給される第1電力増幅器の第1入力信号を、第1数式モデルを用いて予め歪ませ、
前記調整電圧が供給される第2電力増幅器の第2入力信号を、第2数式モデルを用いて予め歪ませる、
デジタルプリディストーション回路。 - 前記第1数式モデルには、前記第1電力増幅器のメモリ効果が組み込まれており、
前記第2数式モデルには、前記第2電力増幅器のメモリ効果が組み込まれていない、
請求項9に記載のデジタルプリディストーション回路。 - 前記第1電力増幅器には、D-ETモードが適用され、
前記第2電力増幅器には、APTモードが適用される、
請求項9又は10に記載のデジタルプリディストーション回路。
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| DE112024000799.6T DE112024000799T5 (de) | 2023-02-09 | 2024-01-30 | Leistungsverstärkungssystem, leistungsverstärkungsverfahren und digitalvorverzerrungsschaltung |
| US19/290,663 US20250364956A1 (en) | 2023-02-09 | 2025-08-05 | Power amplification system, power amplification method, and digital predistortion circuit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019195168A (ja) * | 2018-04-30 | 2019-11-07 | 三星電子株式会社Samsung Electronics Co.,Ltd. | シンボル電力追跡増幅システム及びそれを含む無線通信装置 |
| US20210083635A1 (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2021-03-18 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Supply modulating circuit including switching circuit and wireless communication device including the supply modulating circuit |
| US20220166389A1 (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2022-05-26 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Per-branch, combined, and grouped combined mimo dpd |
| JP2022549857A (ja) * | 2019-09-27 | 2022-11-29 | スカイワークス ソリューションズ,インコーポレイテッド | 別個のdc経路及びac経路を備えたマルチレベル包絡線追跡システム |
| WO2023002778A1 (ja) * | 2021-07-20 | 2023-01-26 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 電力増幅回路及び電力増幅方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019195168A (ja) * | 2018-04-30 | 2019-11-07 | 三星電子株式会社Samsung Electronics Co.,Ltd. | シンボル電力追跡増幅システム及びそれを含む無線通信装置 |
| US20220166389A1 (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2022-05-26 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Per-branch, combined, and grouped combined mimo dpd |
| US20210083635A1 (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2021-03-18 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Supply modulating circuit including switching circuit and wireless communication device including the supply modulating circuit |
| JP2022549857A (ja) * | 2019-09-27 | 2022-11-29 | スカイワークス ソリューションズ,インコーポレイテッド | 別個のdc経路及びac経路を備えたマルチレベル包絡線追跡システム |
| WO2023002778A1 (ja) * | 2021-07-20 | 2023-01-26 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 電力増幅回路及び電力増幅方法 |
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| CN120604454A (zh) | 2025-09-05 |
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