WO2024130784A1

WO2024130784A1 - Blade bending forming apparatus and method

Info

Publication number: WO2024130784A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/143755
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张志坚; 赵东强; 马春健; 薛书翔
Original assignee: 无锡透平叶片有限公司
Priority date: 2022-12-22
Filing date: 2022-12-30
Publication date: 2024-06-27
Also published as: CN116099970A

Abstract

Provided in the present application is a blade bending forming apparatus. A flat anvil structure for drawing out a blank and a bending anvil structure for bending forging are arranged on the same anvil structure, a blank making station and a bending station are adjacently arranged, the blank is subjected to drawing-out forming at the blank making station by means of the flat anvil structure, then the formed blank is moved to the bending station without needing to replace the apparatus, and the blank is subjected to bending machining by means of the bending anvil structure. One-heating forming of blank making and bending processes of the blank is achieved, thereby solving the problem of the level of precision being lowered due to apparatus replacement; meanwhile, two stations are arranged on one base, thereby saving on space, reducing apparatus costs, and lowering the overall machining cost; and the apparatus does not need to be replaced, thereby increasing the machining efficiency.

Description

Blade bending forming device and method

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of intelligent manufacturing technology, and in particular to a blade bending forming device and method.

Background technique

Forging is a processing method that uses forging equipment to apply pressure to a metal blank to cause it to undergo plastic deformation to obtain a forging with certain mechanical properties, a certain shape and size. When designing medium and large energy blade blanks, in order to ensure forging forming, it is necessary to consider the positioning state of the blank in the mold. Therefore, many medium and large blades need to bend the blank, that is, the forging process usually includes two processes: blank making and bending. In the prior art, the usual processing steps are: first, the blank is blanked to obtain a drawn blank 1 as shown in FIG1, and then the blank is bent and forged using a free forging device. The blank 1 includes: a main body 1-2 and a neck 1-1. The neck 1-1 is bent to an angle a through a bending process to obtain a bent blank as shown in FIG2. In the prior art, two processes are required to complete the blanking and bending of the blade, and the replacement of equipment will not only lead to problems of reduced efficiency and increased energy consumption, but also in the process of replacing equipment, the problem of insufficient precision of the workpiece is prone to occur due to the problem of consistency of operation of different operators.

technical problem

In order to solve the problem that two devices are needed to complete the process of blade blanking and bending, resulting in low efficiency, and the replacement of equipment easily leads to reduced accuracy, the present invention provides a blade bending forming device, which can realize blank blanking and bending forming in one fire, improve the consistency of bending, reduce costs and increase efficiency. At the same time, the application also discloses a blade bending forming method.

Technical Solutions

The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a blade bending forming equipment, which includes: a blank clamping structure, a flat anvil structure and a bending anvil structure, characterized in that: the flat anvil structure and the bending anvil structure are assembled on the same anvil structure; the anvil structure includes: a first anvil and a second anvil symmetrically arranged, a blank making station and a bending station are arranged on the first anvil and the second anvil, and the blank making station and the bending station are arranged on the same straight line; the flat anvil structure includes: two flat anvils symmetrically distributed on both sides of the blank making station; the bending anvil structure includes: two bending anvils respectively arranged on both sides of the bending station, the bending anvil includes: an anvil body and a top block, the anvil body is arranged parallel to the length direction of the blank, and the top block is arranged perpendicular to the anvil body and the blank; an arc-shaped concave groove is arranged on the top block, and the curvature of the concave groove is adapted to the outer circumference of the blank; the top block positions of the two bending anvils are staggered in the length direction of the blank; the blank moves between the two stations under the action of the blank clamping structure, and completes the rotation operation during the forging process.

It is further characterized in that: the first anvil and the second anvil are arranged perpendicular to the horizontal line and are respectively connected to a hydraulic mechanism driven along the horizontal direction; the blank making station is arranged at the midline position of the first anvil and the second anvil; the bending station is arranged above or below the blank making station.

A blade bending forming method, characterized in that it includes the following steps: S1: loading a blank onto a blank making station, starting the flat anvils on the flat anvil structures on both sides, controlling the operation of the flat anvil structures and the blank according to preset forming parameters, forging and stretching the blank to obtain a formed blank; the forming parameters include: closing height, starting forging position, rotation angle and number of strikes; the closing height refers to the distance between the two anvils; the starting forging position refers to the coordinates of the part where the blank contacts the anvils; the rotation angle refers to the angle between the blank rotation angle and the reference plane; the number of strikes refers to the number of contacts between the blank and the two anvils; S2: moving the formed blank along a straight line to the bending station; S3: determining the part to be bent, and setting the position of the anvil contact point during the bending anvil processing according to the length of the bending part and the angle to be bent; the anvil contact point includes: The first point and the bending transition point; the first point is the point where the blank contacts the anvil for the first time during bending, and the bending transition point is the anvil contact point located behind the first point; starting from the first point, the straight-line distance between adjacent anvil contact points decreases in sequence according to a preset walking transition threshold; S4: the bending anvil structures on both sides of the bending station are started, and at the first point, the operation of the bending anvil structure and the formed blank is controlled according to the forming parameters corresponding to the first point, and the blank is forged and bent to obtain a pre-bent blank; S5: for each of the bending transition points on the pre-bent blank, according to the preset closing height and starting forging position, based on the bending anvil structure, forging and bending are performed in sequence to complete the forming of the bending part and obtain a bent blank; after the first point, the closing height corresponding to each bending transition point increases in sequence according to the preset closing transition threshold.

It is further characterized in that the number of the bending transition points is 6 to 10.

Beneficial Effects

The present application provides a blade bending and forming equipment, which arranges a flat anvil structure for billet drawing and a bending anvil structure for bending and forging on the same anvil structure, and the billet making station and the bending station are arranged adjacent to each other. The billet is stretched and formed at the billet making station by the flat anvil structure, and then the formed billet is moved to the bending station without changing equipment. The billet is bent by the bending anvil structure, thereby realizing one-fire forming of the billet billet making and bending processes, avoiding the problem of decreased accuracy caused by changing equipment. At the same time, two stations are arranged on one base, which saves space and equipment costs, reduces the overall processing cost, and improves processing efficiency without changing equipment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the formed blank after drawing; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bent blank; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the blade bending forming equipment; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bending anvil; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the bending forging process.

Embodiments of the present invention

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 , the present application provides a blade bending forming device, which includes: a blank clamping structure, a flat anvil structure and a bending anvil structure.

The flat anvil structure and the bending anvil structure are assembled on the same anvil structure, ensuring that the forging operations of the two processes can be completed by the same set of anvil structures. The anvil structure includes: a first anvil 6 and a second anvil 7 are symmetrically arranged, and a blanking station 2 and a bending station 3 are arranged between the first anvil 6 and the second anvil 7. The blanking station 2 and the bending station 3 are arranged on the same straight line, and the blanking station 2 is arranged at the midline position of the first anvil 6 and the second anvil 7.

The blank making station 2 and the bending station 3 are arranged on the same straight line to ensure that when the blank is moved between the two stations, it is only necessary to locate the coordinates in one direction. No other positioning operations are required after the blank changes stations, which reduces the operations of precise positioning of the blank and improves work efficiency.

The flat anvil structure comprises two flat anvils 4 symmetrically distributed on both sides of the blank making station 2 .

As shown in FIG4 , the structure of the bending anvil 5 includes: two bending anvils 5 respectively arranged on both sides of the bending station 3, the bending anvil 5 includes: an anvil body 5-1 and a top block 5-2, the anvil body 5-1 is arranged parallel to the length direction of the blank, and the top block 5-2 is arranged perpendicular to the anvil body 5-1 and the blank 1; the top block 5-2 is provided with an arc-shaped concave groove 5-3, and the curvature of the concave groove 5-3 is adapted to the outer circumference of the blank 1. The top blocks 5-2 of the two bending anvils 5 are arranged alternately in the length direction of the blank 1. When the two bending anvils 5 simultaneously apply force to the length direction of the blank 1 at the middle position, the two staggered top blocks 5-2 have a contact point with the blank 1 respectively, so that the blank 1 is bent; the specific staggered distance between the two ear top blocks 5-2 is set according to the length and bending angle of the blank 1. In this embodiment, for a blank with a length of about 1m, the distance between the top blocks 5-2 on the two bending anvils 5 is set to 90mm.

The blank 1 moves between the two workstations and completes the rotation operation during the forging process under the action of the blank clamping structure (not marked in the figure). In specific implementation, the blank clamping structure is implemented based on the four-claw machine clamp structure in the prior art.

In specific implementation, the first anvil 6 and the second anvil 7 can be arranged perpendicular to the horizontal line or parallel to the horizontal line, and the selection is made according to the spatial position of the forging workshop in the prior art and the position space of the upstream and downstream equipment. In this embodiment, the first anvil 6 and the second anvil 7 are arranged perpendicular to the horizontal line, and are respectively connected to a hydraulic mechanism moving in the horizontal direction as a driving structure to realize the forging operation to the middle position at the same time, wherein the horizontal driving structure is realized based on the horizontal driving structure of the radial forging equipment in the prior art. The bending station 3 is arranged above or below the blanking station 2.

A blade bending forming method is characterized in that it includes the following steps: S1: a blank 1 is moved to a blank making station 2 through a feeding device or a clamping structure, the flat anvils 4 on both sides are started, and the operation of the flat anvil structure and the blank is controlled according to preset forming parameters to lengthen the blank 1 to obtain a formed blank; the forming parameters include: closing height, starting forging position, rotation angle and number of strikes; the closing height refers to the distance between the two anvils; the starting forging position refers to the coordinates of the part where the blank contacts the anvil; the rotation angle refers to the angle between the blank rotation angle and the reference plane; the number of strikes refers to the number of contacts between the blank 1 and the two anvils.

The specific forming parameters are set according to the shape and size of the workpiece.

S2: Move the formed blank along a straight line to the bending station 3; in this embodiment, the coordinate distance between the center points of the blank making station 2 and the bending station 3 is 300 mm.

S3: Determine the part that needs to be bent, and set the position of the anvil contact point during the bending anvil 5 processing according to the length of the bending part and the angle that needs to be bent; the anvil contact point includes: a first point and a bending transition point; the first point is the point where the blank contacts the anvil for the first time during bending, and the bending transition point is the anvil contact point located behind the first point; starting from the first point, the straight-line distance between adjacent anvil contact points moves evenly according to the preset walking transition threshold.

S4: The bending anvil 5 structures on both sides of the bending station 3 are started. At the first point, the operation of the bending anvil 5 structure and the forming blank is controlled according to the preset forming parameters, and the blank 1 is forged and bent to obtain a pre-bent blank.

S5: Forging and bending are performed in sequence on each bending transition point on the pre-bent blank according to the preset closing height and forging start position based on the bending anvil 5 structure to complete the forming of the bending part and obtain the bent blank.

After the first point, the closing height corresponding to each bending transition point increases in sequence according to the preset closing transition threshold, that is, an increasingly large bending forging is applied to the bending transition points evenly distributed on the blank to achieve a smooth transition of the bending section.

In specific implementation, the number of bending transition points is 6 to 10. Too many transition points should not result in invalid actions, while too few transition points will result in an unsmooth transition. In this embodiment, the walking transition threshold is set to 10 to 15 mm, and the closing transition threshold is set to 1 to 4 mm.

The technical solution of the present application can be based on CNC machining technology to compile a set of CNC forging programs for auxiliary bending, and the control equipment can be automatically completed. As shown in Figure 5, after using the technical solution of the present application, the formed blank 1 stretched by the flat anvil structure at the blank making station 2 is moved to the bending station 3; after the blank in this embodiment is stretched, a formed blank with a length of about 1m is obtained, and the neck 1-1 is bent at the bending station. After determining the first point, the coordinates of the first point are input into the program as the starting forging position of the first point, and 6 to 10 bending transition points are selected in the length range of about 60-150mm behind the first point. In the embodiment of Figure 5, the right side is the rear, and the coordinates of the bending transition points increase successively. Then set the closing height for each bending transition point, and input the coordinates of the bending transition point as the starting forging position into the program, and set the blank 1 to be subjected to a radial pressure of about 10MN on both sides.

After the bending process is started, first, the first point 1-3 is processed. With the first point as the center point, both sides of the first point 1-3 contact with the top blocks 5-2 of the two bending anvils 5 at the same time, and the contact points on both sides form a misalignment of about 90mm, causing the blank to bend after being subjected to instantaneous force, thereby obtaining a pre-bent blank.

Then, starting from the bending transition point adjacent to the right side of the first point, each bending transition point is bent one by one. Suppose: there are 6 bending transition points: d1~d6, the horizontal coordinate of the first point 1-3 is x, and the closed height is h, then the horizontal coordinate of the adjacent bending transition point d1 is x+10, and the closed height is h+2mm, the horizontal coordinate of the subsequent d2 is x+20, and the closed height is h+4mm, the horizontal coordinate of d3 is x+30, and the closed height is h+6mm, the horizontal coordinate of d4 is x+40, and the closed height is h+8mm, the horizontal coordinate of d5 is x+50, and the closed height is h+10mm, the horizontal coordinate of d6 is x+60, and the closed height is h+12mm, and finally a bending of 11°-15° can be achieved for a blank of about 1m.

Claims

A blade bending forming device, comprising: a blank clamping structure, a flat anvil structure and a bending anvil structure, characterized in that: the flat anvil structure and the bending anvil structure are assembled on the same anvil structure; the anvil structure comprises: a first anvil and a second anvil symmetrically arranged, a blank making station and a bending station are arranged on the first anvil and the second anvil, and the blank making station and the bending station are arranged on the same straight line; the flat anvil structure comprises: two flat anvils symmetrically distributed on both sides of the blank making station; the bending anvil structure comprises: two bending anvils respectively arranged on both sides of the bending station, the bending anvil comprises: an anvil body and a top block, the anvil body is arranged parallel to the length direction of the blank, and the top block is arranged perpendicular to the anvil body and the blank; an arc-shaped concave groove is arranged on the top block, and the curvature of the concave groove is adapted to the outer circumference of the blank; the top block positions of the two bending anvils are staggered in the length direction of the blank; the blank moves between the two stations under the action of the blank clamping structure, and completes the rotation operation during the forging process.
According to the blade bending and forming equipment of claim 1, the first anvil and the second anvil are arranged perpendicular to the horizontal line and are respectively connected to hydraulic mechanisms driven along the horizontal direction.
According to the blade bending and forming equipment described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the blank making station is arranged at the midline position of the first anvil and the second anvil; the bending station is arranged above or below the blank making station.
A blade bending forming method, characterized in that it includes the following steps: S1: loading a blank onto a blank making station, starting the flat anvils on the flat anvil structures on both sides, controlling the operation of the flat anvil structures and the blank according to preset forming parameters, forging and stretching the blank to obtain a formed blank; the forming parameters include: closing height, starting forging position, rotation angle and number of strikes; the closing height refers to the distance between the two anvils; the starting forging position refers to the coordinates of the part where the blank contacts the anvils; the rotation angle refers to the angle between the blank rotation angle and the reference plane; the number of strikes refers to the number of contacts between the blank and the two anvils; S2: moving the formed blank along a straight line to the bending station; S3: determining the part to be bent, and setting the position of the anvil contact point during the bending anvil processing according to the length of the bending part and the angle to be bent; the anvil contact point includes: The first point and the bending transition point; the first point is the point where the blank contacts the anvil for the first time during bending, and the bending transition point is the anvil contact point located behind the first point; starting from the first point, the straight-line distance between adjacent anvil contact points decreases in sequence according to a preset walking transition threshold; S4: the bending anvil structures on both sides of the bending station are started, and at the first point, the operation of the bending anvil structure and the formed blank is controlled according to the forming parameters corresponding to the first point, and the blank is forged and bent to obtain a pre-bent blank; S5: for each of the bending transition points on the pre-bent blank, according to the preset closing height and starting forging position, based on the bending anvil structure, forging and bending are performed in sequence to complete the forming of the bending part and obtain a bent blank; after the first point, the closing height corresponding to each bending transition point increases in sequence according to the preset closing transition threshold.
According to the blade bending forming method of claim 1, the characteristic is that the number of the bending transition points is 6 to 10.