WO2024099082A1 - Seabed type static cone penetration apparatus and penetration method - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a seabed type static cone penetration apparatus, comprising a base, a penetration rod power unit, and a casing power unit. The penetration rod power unit comprises four extrusion wheels, a displacement power structure, and a rotating power structure; and the casing power unit comprises a clamping power structure and a raising/lowering power structure. The penetration rod power unit clamps a penetration rod and enables the penetration rod to penetrate downwards, and the casing power unit clamps a casing and enables the casing to penetrate downwards. According to the present invention, by combining the mode of casing penetration by hydraulic cylinders and the mode of penetration of a penetration rod by extrusion wheels, the function of lowering not only a penetration rod but also a casing can be realized by one apparatus, the penetration force after the two penetration modes are combined is greater than the penetration force of penetration by only the hydraulic cylinders or only the extrusion wheels, thereby solving the problem that the penetration rod cannot be lowered after the casing is lowered due to insufficient penetration force of seabed type static cone penetration apparatuses, and the seabed type static cone penetration apparatus is suitable for deep water areas and severe construction environments.

Description

Seabed static penetration equipment and penetration method Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of ocean exploration technology, and more specifically, to a seabed type static penetration equipment and a penetration method.

Background technique

At present, the domestic wind power market is developing rapidly. According to the characteristics that the water depth of current wind power projects is generally within 40m and the bottom is all soft clay, offshore wind power projects generally use the method of sinking suction anchors to a certain depth on the seabed. The suction anchors have large gravity and good pull-out resistance in silty soft clay. The wind turbines and wind power equipment are fixed on the sea surface by suction anchors. The construction of offshore wind farms requires a detailed understanding of the soil characteristics of each soil layer on the seabed of the project area, obtaining the engineering property indicators of each soil layer, and determining the pile foundation parameters.

As one of the commonly used in-situ testing methods for offshore engineering surveys, the static penetration test can quickly and accurately obtain in-situ soil characteristics. Static penetration testing refers to a method of using pressure equipment to penetrate the probe rod deep into the soil layer to obtain the physical and mechanical properties of the soil layer. Common penetration methods of offshore static penetration equipment include: underground, lifting platform, seabed, etc. Among them, the underground type requires a large marine drilling rig to lower the casing, which is expensive; the lifting platform type is suitable for environments with limited water depth and has high requirements for wind and wave conditions; the light seabed type has insufficient penetration force and is suitable for construction in shallow waters.

In complex working conditions, such as construction sites with bad conditions, such as strong winds, big waves, and construction in deep water environments, heavy static penetration equipment is required to first lower the casing and then the probe rod for static penetration testing. At present, the domestic seabed static penetration test requires the deepest detection depth to reach 75m, and heavy-duty seabed static penetration equipment is used. Heavy-duty seabed static penetration equipment generally uses a heavy base, and the overall structure is relatively complex, and construction requires a large engineering ship. In addition, the existing seabed static penetration equipment cannot complete the operation of lowering the casing and the probe rod on the same equipment. A set of casing lowering equipment and a set of probe rod lowering equipment are required for static penetration.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides a seabed static penetration equipment and a penetration method, which meet the operation requirements of heavy seabed static penetration with a light structure and are suitable for use by domestic coastal light engineering vessels.

In order to achieve these purposes and other advantages of the present invention, a seabed type static cone penetration equipment is provided, comprising:

The base is installed on the seabed and has a reserved hole at the center of the bottom;

Multiple outer frames are vertically connected in sequence through connecting pieces, and the bottom outer frame is fixed on the base. Each outer frame corresponds to a probe power unit or a casing power unit, and a reserved channel is provided on the bottom plate of each outer frame, and the reserved channel is aligned with the reserved hole;

a lifting device fixed to the top of the uppermost outer frame;

Probe power unit, including:

Four extrusion wheels are arranged above the base, the four extrusion wheels are symmetrically arranged in a cross shape and both end faces of each extrusion wheel are placed vertically, the wheel edge gaps of the four extrusion wheels form a probe rod clamping part, the probe rod clamping part is located above the reserved hole, and the probe rod passes through the probe rod clamping part and the reserved hole in sequence from top to bottom;

A displacement power structure is connected to the four extrusion wheels. The displacement power structure drives the four extrusion wheels to move toward or away synchronously at the same height, so that the probe rod clamping part clamps or releases the probe rod. The specific way in which the displacement power structure is connected to the four extrusion wheels is as follows: the displacement power structure includes a pair of upper oil cylinders, a pair of upper oil cylinder clamps, a pair of lower oil cylinders, and a pair of lower oil cylinder clamps. The pair of upper oil cylinders and the pair of lower oil cylinders are vertically arranged in a "well" shape, and form a probe rod or casing penetration space from top to bottom. The upper ends of the pair of upper oil cylinder clamps are separated from the piston rods and cylinder seats of the pair of upper oil cylinders. The upper and lower parts of the two hydraulic cylinders are respectively hinged, the middle part of the two hydraulic cylinders is connected to the axles of the two extrusion wheels on the same vertical plane, the lower part of the two hydraulic cylinders is hinged to the bottom plate of the outer frame, the upper end of the two hydraulic cylinders is hinged to the piston rods and cylinder seats of the two hydraulic cylinders, the middle part of the two hydraulic cylinders is connected to the axles of the other two extrusion wheels on the same vertical plane, the lower part of the two hydraulic cylinders is hinged to the bottom plate of the outer frame, the two hydraulic cylinders and the lower hydraulic cylinders are synchronously extended and retracted, driving the two hydraulic cylinders and the lower hydraulic cylinders to rotate, so that the four extrusion wheels are synchronously moved closer or farther away;

A rotating power structure connected to the four extrusion wheels, the rotating power structure drives the four extrusion wheels to rotate synchronously at the same height, and every two symmetrical extrusion wheels rotate at the same speed and in opposite directions, so as to drive the probe rod to move upward or downward;

The casing power unit is located below the probe power unit and includes:

The clamping power structure has two telescopic arms arranged opposite to each other, a sleeve clamp is connected between the two telescopic arms, and the two telescopic arms synchronously perform telescopic movement in the horizontal direction, driving the sleeve clamp to clamp or loosen the sleeve, the sleeve clamp forms an inlet and outlet portion of the sleeve, the inlet and outlet portion of the sleeve is aligned with the clamping portion of the probe rod, the sleeve passes through the clamping portion of the probe rod, the sleeve clamp and the reserved hole from top to bottom in sequence, the inside of the sleeve is connected up and down, and the probe rod can pass through the sleeve along the axial direction;

The lifting power structure drives the sleeve clamp to reciprocate up and down, driving the sleeve to move upward or downward. The sleeve clamp completes an up and down movement, driving the sleeve to move upward or downward.

Preferably, the specific way in which the rotating power structure is connected to the four extrusion wheels is as follows: the rotating power structure includes The invention comprises four hydraulic motors, the output shaft of one hydraulic motor is connected to an extrusion wheel, the four hydraulic motors rotate synchronously, drive the four extrusion wheels corresponding thereto to rotate at the same speed, and drive the probe rod clamping part to squeeze the probe rod downward or pull the probe rod upward.

Preferably, the specific manner in which the clamping power structure is connected to the casing clamp is that the clamping power structure includes two clamping cylinders, the piston rods of the two clamping cylinders form the telescopic arm, the casing clamp includes two movable arms, a piston rod is connected to a movable arm of the casing clamp, and the piston rods of the two clamping cylinders synchronously perform telescopic motion in the horizontal direction, driving the two movable arms of the casing clamp to clamp or release.

Preferably, the specific manner in which the lifting power structure is connected to the casing clamp is that the lifting power structure includes two lifting cylinders, two clamping cylinders are arranged above the two lifting cylinders and correspond to the two lifting cylinders up and down respectively, and the piston rods of the two lifting cylinders synchronously perform telescopic motion in the vertical direction, driving a pair of clamping cylinders to move up and down, and a pair of clamping cylinders drive the casing clamps to move up and down, so that the casing moves up or down.

Preferably, there are two probe rod power units, which are arranged in sequence up and down.

Preferably, the probe rod comprises a plurality of sub-probe rods, and the plurality of sub-probe rods are vertically connected in sequence; and the casing comprises a plurality of sub-casings, and the plurality of sub-casings are vertically connected in sequence.

The seabed static cone penetration method uses the seabed static cone penetration equipment, and comprises the following steps:

Step 1: The displacement power structure drives the four extrusion wheels to move away from each other, expands the clamping part of the probe rod, and allows the casing to pass through. The two telescopic arms of the clamping power structure contract to loosen the casing clamp. The lifting power structure rises, driving the casing clamp to rise. The casing is inserted into the casing clamp. The two telescopic arms of the clamping power structure stretch to clamp the casing.

Step 2: The lifting power structure descends, causing the casing clamp to descend, and the casing clamp drives the casing to descend. Repeat the operations of loosening the casing clamp, raising the lifting power structure, clamping the casing, and lowering the lifting power structure until the casing is penetrated into place;

Step 3: The probe rod is inserted into the probe rod clamping part, and the displacement power structure drives the four extrusion wheels to move closer, and the probe rod clamping part clamps the probe rod;

Step 4: The rotating power structure drives the four extrusion wheels to rotate synchronously at the same height toward the clamping part of the probe rod. The four extrusion wheels generate a downward penetration force, and the probe rod extends into the casing and penetrates downward. After the probe rod penetrates into place, the rotating power structure stops driving the four extrusion wheels.

Preferably, the steps of pulling out the probe rod and the casing are as follows:

Step 1: Rotate the power structure to drive the four extrusion wheels to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction of the probe clamping part at the same height. The extrusion wheel generates an upward pulling force, and the probe rod is pulled upward until the pulling of the probe rod is completed;

Step 2: The displacement power structure drives the four extrusion wheels to move away from each other, expand the probe rod clamping part, unload the probe rod, and allow the casing to pass through the probe rod clamping part;

Step 3: The two telescopic arms of the clamping power structure make a contraction movement to loosen the casing clamp, the lifting power structure descends, driving the casing clamp to descend, and the two telescopic arms of the clamping power structure make a stretching movement to make the casing clamp clamp the casing;

Step 4: The lifting power structure rises, driving the casing clamp to rise, and the casing clamp drives the casing to rise. Repeat the operation of loosening the casing clamp, lowering the lifting power structure, clamping the casing with the casing clamp, and raising the lifting power structure until the casing pulling is completed.

The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

First, the present invention combines the method of hydraulic cylinder penetration into casing with the method of extrusion wheel penetration into probe rod, realizing the function of both probe rod and casing on one equipment. The penetration force after the combination of the two penetration methods is greater than the penetration force of single hydraulic cylinder penetration or extrusion wheel penetration, solving the problem of insufficient penetration force of seabed static penetration equipment and failure to lower the probe rod after lowering the casing, and is suitable for deep waters and harsh construction environments. At the same time, the present invention does not require the use of large-scale marine drilling rigs to drill holes and lower casing, reducing the pressure on engineering ships, and with a light structure, it meets the needs of heavy seabed static penetration operations, and is suitable for use by domestic coastal light engineering ships.

Second, the present invention adopts a method of superimposing and penetrating the upper and lower layers of probe driving units, so that the total penetration force is increased to 200KN, which improves the use capacity of the probe to a higher level.

Third, the present invention uses four extrusion wheels to clamp the probe rod, so that the probe rod is subjected to equal forces in four symmetrical directions, thereby solving the problem of asynchronism of the extrusion wheels and uneven force on the probe rod during the penetration process.

Fourthly, the present invention adopts a construction method of first penetrating the casing and then penetrating the probe rod, so that the probe rod is penetrated in the casing, which plays a role in protecting the probe rod and extending the life of the probe rod, and solves the problem that the probe rod is easy to bend and break when penetrating in deep water environment.

Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be embodied in part through the following description, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a technical solution of the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a probe power unit according to the present invention;

FIG3 is a side view of the probe power unit of the present invention;

FIG4 is a top view of the probe power unit of the present invention;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting power structure of the present invention when it rises to the highest point;

FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a casing power unit according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged view of the clamping portion of the probe rod according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

It should be understood that terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified; in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "set" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, they can be fixedly connected, set, or detachably connected, set, or connected and set in one piece. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific circumstances. The orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "lateral", "vertical", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

As shown in FIGS. 1-7 , the present invention provides a seabed type static cone penetration equipment, comprising:

The base 4 is installed on the seabed, and a reserved hole 7 is provided at the center of the bottom. A skirt is provided under the base 4, and the base 4 is installed on the seabed through the skirt. The casing power unit 3, the probe power unit 2 and the outer frame 16 are installed on the base 4. The probe 5 and the casing 6 penetrate the base 4 from top to bottom into the seabed, so there is a reserved hole 7 at the center of the base 4 to allow the probe 5 and the casing 6 to pass through. The base 4 is the foundation of the entire seabed static penetration equipment, and plays a role in stabilizing the center of gravity of the seabed static penetration equipment. The role of the skirt is to increase the contact area between the base 4 and the seabed.

Multiple outer frames 16 are vertically connected in sequence through connectors. The lowest outer frame 16 is fixed on the base 4. One outer frame 16 corresponds to one probe power unit 2 or one casing power unit 3. A reserved channel 17 is arranged on the bottom plate of each outer frame 16. The reserved channel 17 is aligned with the reserved hole 7. The outer frame 16 is arranged outside the probe power unit 2 and the casing power unit 3. The casing power unit 3 is placed inside the lowest outer frame 16. A reserved channel 17 is arranged on the bottom plate of each outer frame 16 to allow the probe 5 or casing 6 to pass through. The reserved channel 17 is aligned with the reserved hole 7 to allow the probe 5 or casing 6 to pass through. Or the path of the casing 6 penetration is kept vertical. Adjacent outer frames 16 are connected by connecting plates, and the connecting plates are fixed by bolts. The outer frame 16 combines the probe power unit 2 and the casing power unit 3 together, and at the same time protects the probe power unit 2 and the casing power unit 3.

The lifting device 1 is fixed on the top of the uppermost outer frame 16. A lifting winch is provided on the engineering vessel, and the lifting winch lifts the lifting device 1 to lift the seabed type static penetration equipment onto the seabed.

Probe power unit 2, including:

Four extrusion wheels 8 are arranged above the base 4. The four extrusion wheels 8 are symmetrically arranged in a cross shape and the two end faces of each extrusion wheel 8 are placed vertically. The gaps on the wheel edges of the four extrusion wheels 8 form a probe rod clamping portion 11. The probe rod clamping portion 11 is located above the reserved hole 7. The probe rod 5 passes through the probe rod clamping portion 11 and the reserved hole 7 from top to bottom in sequence. Four extrusion wheels 8 are arranged above the base 4. The gaps on the wheel edges of the four extrusion wheels 8 form a probe rod clamping portion 11. The probe rod clamping portion 11 can be expanded or reduced. When the probe rod clamping portion 11 is expanded, the probe rod 5 passes through the probe rod clamping portion 11 and the reserved hole 7 from top to bottom in sequence. The probe rod clamping portion 11 is reduced to clamp the probe rod 5. The four extrusion wheels 8 then rotate synchronously toward the probe rod clamping portion 11 to squeeze the probe rod 5 downward, so that the probe rod 5 penetrates under the seabed. The four extrusion wheels 8 play the role of clamping the probe rod 5 and penetrating the probe rod 5 downward. The four extrusion wheels 8 move synchronously toward or away from each other along the cross path where they are located, so that the probe rod clamping part 11 shrinks or expands. When the four extrusion wheels 8 move synchronously toward each other along the cross path where they are located, the probe rod clamping part 11 shrinks, and the probe rod clamping part 11 clamps the probe rod 5; when the four extrusion wheels 8 move synchronously away from each other along the cross path where they are located, the probe rod clamping part 11 expands, and the probe rod 5 or the sleeve 6 can pass through. The four extrusion wheels 8 are symmetrically arranged, and the clamping force on the probe rod 5 is equal, so that the probe rod 5 is subjected to equal force in four symmetrical directions, and the probe rod 5 is prevented from bending and breaking due to uneven force. Rolling gears 26 are arranged on the wheel edges of the four extrusion wheels 8, and gears 25 are arranged on both sides of the rolling gears 26. When the four extrusion wheels 8 penetrate the probe rod 5 downward or pull up the probe rod 5 upward, the rolling gears 26 increase the friction force on the probe rod 5, and the gears 25 play a certain limiting role on the probe rod 5.

The displacement power structure 9 is connected to the four extrusion wheels 8. The displacement power structure 9 drives the four extrusion wheels 8 to move synchronously toward or away from each other at the same height, so that the probe rod clamping part 11 clamps or releases the probe rod 5. The displacement power structure 9 is the driving force for the four extrusion wheels 8 to move synchronously toward or away from each other. When the displacement power structure 9 drives the four extrusion wheels 8 to move synchronously toward each other along the cross route where they are located, the probe rod clamping part 11 shrinks, and the probe rod 5 can be clamped at this time; when the displacement power structure 9 drives the four extrusion wheels 8 to move synchronously away from each other, the probe rod clamping part 11 expands, and the probe rod 5 can be inserted or pulled out, or the sleeve 6 can pass through. The displacement power structure 9 provides equal driving force to the four extrusion wheels 8, so that the probe rod clamping part 11 is always in the center position, and at the same time, the probe rod 5 is subjected to equal force in four symmetrical directions, avoiding the probe rod. The rod 5 bends and breaks due to uneven force. The displacement power structure 9 can be a device that can generate driving force, such as mechanical transmission, hydraulic transmission, motor transmission, etc., and can be set in the horizontal direction, obliquely above, obliquely below, etc. of the four extrusion wheels 8. As shown in Figures 2-4, the specific way in which the displacement power structure 9 is connected to the four extrusion wheels 8 is: the displacement power structure 9 includes a pair of upper cylinders 18, a pair of upper cylinder clamps 20, a pair of lower cylinders 19, and a pair of lower cylinder clamps 21. The pair of upper cylinders 18 and the pair of lower cylinders 19 are vertically arranged in a "well" shape, and form a space for the probe rod 5 or the casing 6 to penetrate from top to bottom. The upper ends of the pair of upper cylinder clamps 20 are respectively hinged to the piston rods and cylinder seats of the pair of upper cylinders 18, and the middle parts of the pair of upper cylinder clamps 20 are hinged to the wheels of the pair of extrusion wheels 8 on the same vertical plane. The lower part of a pair of upper oil cylinder clamps 20 is hinged to the bottom plate of the outer frame 16, the upper end of a pair of lower oil cylinder clamps 21 is hinged to the piston rod and cylinder seat of a pair of lower oil cylinders 19, the middle part of a pair of lower oil cylinder clamps 21 is connected to the wheel axle of another pair of extrusion wheels 8 on the same vertical plane, and the lower part of a pair of lower oil cylinder clamps 21 is hinged to the bottom plate of the outer frame 16. A pair of upper oil cylinders 18 and a pair of lower oil cylinders 19 synchronously perform telescopic movement, driving a pair of upper oil cylinder clamps 20 and a pair of lower oil cylinder clamps 21 to rotate, so that the four extrusion wheels 8 synchronously move closer or farther. A pair of upper oil cylinders 18 and a pair of lower oil cylinders 19 drive the four extrusion wheels 8 to move away or closer through a pair of upper oil cylinder clamps 20 and a pair of lower oil cylinder clamps 21. A pair of upper oil cylinders 18 and a pair of lower oil cylinders 19 perform a stretching motion synchronously, driving a pair of upper oil cylinder clamps 20 and a pair of lower oil cylinder clamps 21 to synchronously move away, driving the four extrusion wheels 8 to synchronously move away, and the probe rod clamping part 11 expands, at this time, the probe rod 5 or the sleeve 6 can pass through; a pair of upper oil cylinders 18 and a pair of lower oil cylinders 19 perform a contraction motion synchronously, driving a pair of upper oil cylinder clamps 20 and a pair of lower oil cylinder clamps 21 to synchronously move toward, driving the four extrusion wheels 8 to synchronously move toward, and the probe rod clamping part 11 shrinks, clamping the probe rod 5. The force applied by the pair of upper oil cylinders 18 and a pair of lower oil cylinders 19 to the four extrusion wheels 8 is equal in magnitude, and the probe rod 5 is subjected to equal forces in four directions, and the probe rod 5 is always in the center position and will not bend.

The rotating power structure 10 is connected to the four extrusion wheels 8. The rotating power structure 10 drives the four extrusion wheels 8 to rotate synchronously at the same height. Every two symmetrical extrusion wheels 8 rotate at the same speed and in opposite directions to drive the probe rod 5 to move upward or downward. The rotating power structure 10 is the driving force for the rotation of the four extrusion wheels 8. The rotating power structure 10 drives the four extrusion wheels 8 to rotate at the same speed in the direction of the probe rod clamping part 11. The four extrusion wheels 8 generate four equal and consistent downward penetration forces, so that the probe rod 5 penetrates downward; the rotating power structure 10 drives the four extrusion wheels 8 to rotate at the same speed in the opposite direction of the probe rod clamping part 11. The four extrusion wheels 8 generate four equal and consistent upward pulling forces, so that the probe rod 5 is pulled upward. The rotating power structure 10 can be a device that can generate driving force, such as mechanical transmission, hydraulic transmission, motor transmission, etc.

The casing power unit 3 is located below the probe power unit 2 and includes:

The clamping power structure 12 has two telescopic arms 14 arranged opposite to each other, and a casing clamp is connected between the two telescopic arms 14. 15, the two telescopic arms 14 synchronously telescope in the horizontal direction, driving the sleeve clamp 15 to clamp or loosen the sleeve 6. The sleeve clamp 15 forms the entry and exit part of the sleeve 6, and the entry and exit part of the sleeve 6 is aligned with the probe clamping part 11. The sleeve 6 passes through the probe clamping part 11, the sleeve clamp 15 and the reserved hole 7 from top to bottom in sequence. The inside of the sleeve 6 is through from top to bottom, and the probe 5 can pass through the sleeve 6 axially. The clamping power structure 12 is the power for the sleeve clamp 15 to clamp the sleeve 6. The clamping power structure 12 has two telescopic arms 14, and the sleeve clamp 15 is arranged between the two telescopic arms 14. The sleeve 6 is inserted into the sleeve clamp 15. The sleeve clamp 15 is controlled to loosen or clamp the sleeve 6 through the contraction and extension of the two telescopic arms 14. When the two telescopic arms 14 of the clamping power structure 12 are synchronously contracting, the two telescopic arms 14 drive the sleeve clamp 15 to loosen the sleeve 6. When the two telescopic arms 14 are synchronously stretching, the two telescopic arms 14 drive the sleeve clamp 15 to clamp the sleeve 6. The inlet and outlet of the sleeve 6 are aligned with the probe clamp 11. The sleeve 6 passes through the probe clamp 11, the sleeve clamp 15 and the reserved hole 7 from top to bottom and penetrates under the seabed. The inside of the sleeve 6 is connected from top to bottom, so that the probe 5 can pass through the sleeve 6. The probe 5 passes through the probe clamp 11, the sleeve 6 and the reserved hole 7 from top to bottom and penetrates under the seabed. During static penetration, the sleeve 6 is penetrated first, and then the probe 5 is penetrated. The clamping power structure 12 can be a device that can generate driving force, such as mechanical transmission, hydraulic transmission, motor transmission, etc.

The lifting power structure 13 drives the sleeve clamp 15 to reciprocate up and down, driving the sleeve 6 to move upward or downward. The sleeve clamp 15 completes an up and down movement, driving the sleeve 6 to move upward or downward. The lifting power structure 13 is the power for the sleeve 6 to penetrate downward and pull upward. The lifting power structure 13 controls the sleeve clamp 15 to reciprocate up and down, thereby driving the up and down movement of the sleeve 6. The lifting power structure 13 moves from the highest point to the lowest point, driving the sleeve clamp 15 to move from the highest point to the lowest point, thereby driving the sleeve 6 to move from the highest point to the lowest point; the sleeve clamp 15 releases the sleeve 6, and the lifting power structure 13 drives the sleeve clamp 15 to reset to the highest point, and the sleeve clamp 15 clamps the sleeve 6. The lifting power structure 13 moves from the highest point to the lowest point again, driving the sleeve clamp 15 to move from the highest point to the lowest point, and the sleeve 6 moves downward again by a height. Every time the lifting power structure 13 drives the sleeve clamp 15 to complete a movement from the highest point to the lowest point, the sleeve 6 will move downward by a height. The lifting power structure 13 moves from the lowest point to the highest point, driving the sleeve clamp 15 to move from the lowest point to the highest point, thereby driving the sleeve 6 to move from the lowest point to the highest point; the sleeve clamp 15 releases the sleeve 6, and the lifting power structure 13 drives the sleeve clamp 15 to reset to the lowest point, and the sleeve clamp 15 clamps the sleeve 6. The lifting power structure 13 moves from the lowest point to the highest point again, driving the sleeve clamp 15 to move from the lowest point to the highest point, and the sleeve 6 moves upward by a height again. Every time the lifting power structure 13 drives the sleeve clamp 15 to complete a movement from the lowest point to the highest point, the sleeve 6 will move upward by a height.

In the above technical solution, the casing 6 is firstly inserted into the seabed, and then the probe 5 is inserted downwards in the casing 6. The moving force structure 9 drives the clamping part 11 of the probe rod to expand, and the lifting power structure 13 rises to the highest point, driving the sleeve clamp 15 to rise to the highest point, and the clamping power structure 12 loosens the sleeve clamp 15, and the sleeve 6 is inserted into the sleeve clamp 15 through the clamping part 11 of the probe rod. The clamping power structure 12 makes the sleeve clamp 15 clamp the sleeve 6, and the lifting power structure 13 descends to the lowest point, driving the sleeve clamp 15 to descend, and the sleeve 6 descends accordingly. The lifting and lowering operations of the lifting power structure 13 are repeated to insert the sleeve 6 into place section by section; the probe rod 5 is inserted into the clamping part 11 of the probe rod, and the displacement power structure 9 drives the clamping part 11 of the probe rod to shrink and clamp the probe rod 5. The rotating power structure 10 drives the four extrusion wheels 8 to rotate at the same speed in the direction of the clamping part 11 of the probe rod, generating four downward forces of equal magnitude, and the probe rod 5 moves downward and extends into the sleeve 6, and the probe rod 5 penetrates downward in the sleeve 6. The combination of the penetration casing 6 and the penetration probe rod 5 realizes the function of lowering both the probe rod 5 and the casing 6 on one piece of equipment. The penetration force after the combination of the two penetration methods is greater, which solves the problem that the penetration force of the seabed static penetration equipment is insufficient and the probe rod 5 cannot be lowered after the casing 6 is lowered. It is suitable for deep waters and harsh construction environments. At the same time, the present invention does not require the use of large marine drilling rigs to drill holes and lower casing 6, reduces the pressure on engineering ships, and meets the needs of heavy seabed static penetration operations with a light structure, and is suitable for use by domestic coastal light engineering ships.

In another technical solution, as shown in Fig. 2-4, the specific way in which the rotating power structure 10 is connected to the four extrusion wheels 8 is as follows: the rotating power structure 10 includes four hydraulic motors, the output shaft of one hydraulic motor is connected to one extrusion wheel 8, and the four hydraulic motors rotate synchronously, driving the four corresponding extrusion wheels 8 to rotate at the same speed, driving the probe rod clamping part 11 to squeeze the probe rod 5 downward or pull up the probe rod 5. The four hydraulic motors drive the four extrusion wheels 8 to rotate, and the four hydraulic motors are arranged end to end, and one hydraulic motor drives one extrusion wheel 8 to rotate. The four hydraulic motors are equipped with oil inlet synchronizers, and the oil supply of the four hydraulic motors is controlled by the oil inlet synchronizer, so that the amount of oil driving the four hydraulic motors is consistent, the rotation speed of the four hydraulic motors is synchronized, and the output torque is the same, so that the rotation speed of the four extrusion wheels 8 is the same. Four hydraulic motors drive the four extrusion wheels 8 to rotate at the same speed toward the probe rod clamping part 11, and the four extrusion wheels 8 generate four equal downward forces to make the probe rod 5 penetrate downward; four hydraulic motors drive the four extrusion wheels 8 to rotate at the same speed in the opposite direction of the probe rod clamping part 11, and the four extrusion wheels 8 generate four equal upward forces to pull the probe rod 5 upward.

In another technical solution, as shown in Fig. 5-6, the specific way of connecting the clamping power structure 12 and the casing clamp 15 is as follows: the clamping power structure 12 includes two clamping cylinders 22, the piston rods of the two clamping cylinders 22 form the telescopic arm 14, the casing clamp 15 includes two movable arms, one piston rod is connected to one movable arm of the casing clamp 15, and the piston rods of the two clamping cylinders 22 synchronously perform telescopic motion in the horizontal direction, driving the two movable arms of the casing clamp 15 to clamp or loosen. The clamping power structure 12 is two clamping cylinders 22, the piston rods of the two clamping cylinders 22 are relatively arranged, and the two piston rods simultaneously perform contraction motion, the casing clamp 15 is loosened, and the casing 6 can be inserted or pulled out at this time; the two piston rods simultaneously perform stretching motion. The movement causes the sleeve clamp 15 to clamp the sleeve 6.

In another technical solution, as shown in FIGS. 5-6 , the specific way in which the lifting power structure 13 is connected to the sleeve clamp 15 is as follows: the lifting power structure 13 includes two lifting cylinders 23, and two clamping cylinders 22 are arranged above the two lifting cylinders 23 and correspond to the two lifting cylinders 23 up and down, respectively. The piston rods of the two lifting cylinders 23 synchronously perform telescopic motion in the vertical direction, driving a pair of clamping cylinders 22 to move up and down, and a pair of clamping cylinders 22 drives the sleeve clamp 15 to move up and down, so that the sleeve 6 moves upward or downward. The lifting power structure 13 is composed of two lifting cylinders 23. The two clamping cylinders 22 are arranged above the two lifting cylinders 23 through a movable support plate 24. The piston rods of the two lifting cylinders 23 synchronously perform contraction movement in the vertical direction, driving the movable support plate 24 and the two clamping cylinders 22 to move downward. The two clamping cylinders 22 drive the sleeve clamp 15 to move downward, thereby driving the sleeve 6 to move downward. The piston rods of the two lifting cylinders 23 synchronously perform stretching movement in the vertical direction, driving the movable support plate 24 and the two clamping cylinders 22 to move upward. The two clamping cylinders 22 drive the sleeve clamp 15 to move upward, thereby driving the sleeve 6 to move upward.

In another technical solution, as shown in FIG1 , there are two probe power units 2, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. At present, the penetration force of the probe 5 penetration equipment is not more than 100KN. The present invention stacks the upper and lower layers of the probe power units 2 to double the penetration force of the probe 5, and the total penetration force is increased to 200KN, which improves the use capacity of the probe 5 to a higher level.

In another technical solution, the probe rod 5 includes a plurality of sub-probe rods, which are vertically connected in sequence, and the casing 6 includes a plurality of sub-casings, which are vertically connected in sequence. When it is necessary to test the mechanical properties of deep soil layers, multiple sub-casings can be inserted in sequence first, and the multiple sub-casings can be vertically threadedly connected, and then multiple sub-probe rods can be inserted in sequence, and the multiple sub-probe rods can be vertically threadedly connected.

The seabed static cone penetration method uses the seabed static cone penetration equipment, and comprises the following steps:

The first step: clamp the casing 6. First, the seabed static penetration equipment is hoisted from the engineering ship to the seabed through the lifting device 1. The displacement power structure 9 drives the four extrusion wheels 8 to move away synchronously, expanding the probe rod clamping part 11 so that the casing 6 can pass through; the two telescopic arms 14 of the clamping power structure 12 make a contraction movement to loosen the casing clamp 15, and the lifting power structure 13 rises, driving the casing clamp 15 to rise. The casing 6 is inserted into the casing clamp 15 through the probe rod clamping part 11 under the winch suspension on the engineering ship. The two telescopic arms 14 of the clamping power structure 12 make a stretching movement so that the casing clamp 15 clamps the casing 6. A pair of upper cylinders 18 and a pair of lower cylinders 19 make a stretching movement synchronously, driving a pair of upper cylinder clamps 20 and a pair of lower cylinder clamps 21 to move away, driving the four extrusion wheels 8 to move away, and the probe rod clamping part 11 expands so that the casing 6 can pass through; the piston rods of the two clamping cylinders 22 make a contraction movement at the same time, and the casing clamp 15 is loosened. The two lifting power structures 13 and 24 are connected to the upper and lower cylinders 18 and 19 respectively. The piston rod of the lowering cylinder 23 performs synchronous stretching movement in the vertical direction. When the cylinder is fully drawn, the two clamping cylinders 22 are driven to move upward. The two clamping cylinders 22 drive the sleeve clamp 15 to move upward. The sleeve 6 is inserted into the sleeve clamp 15. The piston rods of the two clamping cylinders 22 perform synchronous stretching movement. The sleeve clamp 15 clamps the sleeve 6.

Step 2: Insert the casing 6. The lifting power structure 13 descends, driving the casing clamp 15 to descend, and the casing clamp 15 drives the casing 6 to descend. Repeat the operation of loosening the casing clamp 15, raising the lifting power structure 13, clamping the casing 6 with the casing clamp 15, and lowering the lifting power structure 13, so that the casing 6 is penetrated downward section by section. The piston rods of the two lifting cylinders 23 synchronously perform a contraction movement in the vertical direction, driving the movable support plate 24 and the two clamping cylinders 22 to move downward, and the two clamping cylinders 22 drive the sleeve clamp 15 to move downward, thereby driving the sleeve 6 to move downward; repeat the movement of the piston rods of the two clamping cylinders 22 to contract at the same time, the sleeve clamp 15 releases the sleeve 6, and the piston rods of the two lifting cylinders 23 synchronously perform a stretching movement in the vertical direction. The cylinders are fully pulled, driving the sleeve clamp 15 to rise, the piston rods of the two clamping cylinders 22 synchronously perform a stretching movement, the sleeve clamp 15 clamps the sleeve 6, and the piston rods of the two lifting cylinders 23 synchronously perform a contraction movement in the vertical direction, driving the sleeve 6 to move downward, so that the sleeve 6 is penetrated section by section, and each time the two lifting cylinders 23 drive the sleeve clamp 15 to complete a movement from the highest point to the lowest point, the sleeve 6 will move downward a height until the sleeve 6 penetrates the set depth, completing the penetration of the sleeve 6.

Step 3: Clamp the probe rod 5. After the casing 6 is inserted into place, the probe rod clamping part 11 is in an expanded state. The probe rod 5 is inserted into the probe rod clamping part 11 through the winch suspension on the engineering ship. The displacement power structure 9 drives the four extrusion wheels 8 to move closer, and the four extrusion wheels 8 clamp the probe rod 5. The probe rod 5 is inserted into the probe rod clamping part 11, and a pair of upper cylinders 18 and a pair of lower cylinders 19 simultaneously contract, driving a pair of upper cylinder clamps 20 and a pair of lower cylinder clamps 21 to move closer, driving the four extrusion wheels 8 to move closer, and the probe rod clamping part 11 shrinks, clamping the probe rod 5. Four symmetrical extrusion wheels 8 clamp the probe rod 5, and the probe rod 5 is subjected to equal force in four symmetrical directions. The probe rod 5 is subjected to uniform force and is not prone to bending and fracture.

Step 4: Penetrate the probe rod 5. The rotating power structure 10 drives the four extrusion wheels 8 to rotate synchronously at the same height toward the probe rod clamping part 11. The four extrusion wheels 8 generate four equal downward penetration forces. The probe rod 5 moves downward under the action of the penetration force, extends into the casing 6 and continues to penetrate downward. After the probe rod 5 penetrates to a predetermined depth, the rotating power structure 10 stops driving the extrusion wheels 8. The four hydraulic motors drive the four extrusion wheels 8 to rotate at the same speed toward the probe rod clamping part 11. The four extrusion wheels 8 generate four equal downward forces, causing the probe rod 5 to move downward, extend into the casing 6 and continue to penetrate downward. After the probe rod 5 penetrates to a predetermined depth, the four hydraulic motors stop driving the extrusion wheels 8. The four extrusion wheels 8 are used to penetrate the probe rod 5, and the penetration force is greater, and the penetration depth of the probe rod 5 is guaranteed. At the same time, the probe rod 5 is subjected to uniform force in four directions, and is not prone to bending and fracture during the penetration process. The probe rod 5 penetrates into the casing 6, which protects the probe rod 5 and prolongs the penetration time. Long probe 5 service life.

Step 5: Pull out the probe rod 5. The rotating power structure 10 drives the four extrusion wheels 8 to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction to the probe rod clamping part 11 at the same height. The four extrusion wheels 8 generate four equal upward pulling forces, and the probe rod 5 is pulled upward. The four hydraulic motors drive the four extrusion wheels 8 to rotate at the same speed in the opposite direction to the probe rod clamping part 11. The four extrusion wheels 8 generate four equal upward forces, and the probe rod 5 is pulled upward.

Step 6: Unloading the probe rod 5. The displacement power structure 9 drives the four extrusion wheels 8 to move away, the probe rod clamping part 11 expands, and the probe rod 5 is unloaded. At this time, the probe rod clamping part 11 should be expanded to allow the casing 6 to pass through, in preparation for pulling out the casing 6. A pair of upper cylinders 18 and a pair of lower cylinders 19 synchronously stretch, drive a pair of upper cylinder clamps 20 and a pair of lower cylinder clamps 21 to move away, drive the four extrusion wheels 8 to move away, the probe rod clamping part 11 expands, and the probe rod 5 is unloaded.

Step 7: Clamp the sleeve 6. The two telescopic arms 14 of the clamping power structure 12 make a contraction movement to loosen the sleeve clamp 15, the lifting power structure 13 descends, driving the sleeve clamp 15 to descend, and the two telescopic arms 14 of the clamping power structure 12 make a stretching movement to clamp the sleeve clamp 15 to clamp the sleeve 6. The piston rods of the two clamping oil cylinders 22 make a contraction movement at the same time, the sleeve clamp 15 is loosened, and the piston rods of the two lifting oil cylinders 23 make a contraction movement in the vertical direction synchronously, driving the sleeve clamp 15 to descend, and the piston rods of the two clamping oil cylinders 22 make a stretching movement at the same time, and the sleeve clamp 15 clamps the sleeve 6.

Step 8: Pull out the casing 6. The lifting power structure 13 rises, driving the casing clamp 15 to rise, and the casing clamp 15 drives the casing 6 to rise. Repeat the two telescopic arms 14 of the clamping power structure 12 to contract, so that the casing clamp 15 is loosened, the lifting power structure 13 descends, driving the casing clamp 15 to descend, the two telescopic arms 14 of the clamping power structure 12 to stretch, the casing clamp 15 clamps the casing 6, the lifting power structure 13 rises, driving the casing clamp 15 to rise, and the casing clamp 15 drives the casing 6 to rise, until the pulling out of the casing 6 is completed. The piston rods of the two lifting cylinders 23 synchronously perform stretching movement in the vertical direction, driving the sleeve clamp 15 to rise, and the sleeve clamp 15 drives the sleeve 6 to rise, and the piston rods of the two clamping cylinders 22 perform contraction movement simultaneously, the sleeve clamp 15 is loosened, and the piston rods of the two lifting cylinders 23 synchronously perform contraction movement in the vertical direction, driving the sleeve clamp 15 to descend, the piston rods of the two clamping cylinders 22 perform stretching movement at the same time, the sleeve clamp 15 clamps the sleeve 6, and the piston rods of the two lifting cylinders 23 synchronously perform stretching movement in the vertical direction, driving the sleeve clamp 15 to rise, and the sleeve clamp 15 drives the sleeve 6 to rise, so that the sleeve 6 is pulled out section by section, and each time the two lifting cylinders 23 drive the sleeve clamp 15 to complete a movement from the lowest point to the highest point, the sleeve 6 will move upward by a height until the sleeve 6 is pulled out.

The number of devices and processing scales described here are used to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the present invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes, and they can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims (8)

1. Seabed static penetration equipment, characterized by comprising:

   The base is installed on the seabed and has a reserved hole at the center of the bottom;

   A plurality of outer frames are vertically connected in sequence through connectors, the lowest outer frame is fixed on the base, one outer frame corresponds to one probe power unit or one casing power unit, and a reserved channel is provided on the bottom plate of each outer frame, and the reserved channel is aligned with the reserved hole;

   a lifting device fixed to the top of the uppermost outer frame;

   Probe power unit, including:

   Four extrusion wheels are arranged above the base, the four extrusion wheels are symmetrically arranged in a cross shape and both end faces of each extrusion wheel are placed vertically, the wheel edge gaps of the four extrusion wheels form a probe rod clamping part, the probe rod clamping part is located above the reserved hole, and the probe rod passes through the probe rod clamping part and the reserved hole in sequence from top to bottom;

   A displacement power structure is connected to the four extrusion wheels. The displacement power structure drives the four extrusion wheels to move toward or away synchronously at the same height, so that the probe rod clamping part clamps or releases the probe rod. The specific way in which the displacement power structure is connected to the four extrusion wheels is as follows: the displacement power structure includes a pair of upper oil cylinders, a pair of upper oil cylinder clamps, a pair of lower oil cylinders, and a pair of lower oil cylinder clamps. The pair of upper oil cylinders and the pair of lower oil cylinders are vertically arranged in a "well" shape, and form a probe rod or casing penetration space from top to bottom. The upper ends of the pair of upper oil cylinder clamps are separated from the piston rods and cylinder seats of the pair of upper oil cylinders. The upper and lower parts of the two hydraulic cylinders are respectively hinged, the middle part of the two hydraulic cylinders is connected to the axles of the two extrusion wheels on the same vertical plane, the lower part of the two hydraulic cylinders is hinged to the bottom plate of the outer frame, the upper end of the two hydraulic cylinders is hinged to the piston rods and cylinder seats of the two hydraulic cylinders, the middle part of the two hydraulic cylinders is connected to the axles of the other two extrusion wheels on the same vertical plane, the lower part of the two hydraulic cylinders is hinged to the bottom plate of the outer frame, the two hydraulic cylinders and the lower hydraulic cylinders are synchronously extended and retracted, driving the two hydraulic cylinders and the lower hydraulic cylinders to rotate, so that the four extrusion wheels are synchronously moved closer or farther away;

   A rotating power structure connected to the four extrusion wheels, the rotating power structure drives the four extrusion wheels to rotate synchronously at the same height, and every two symmetrical extrusion wheels rotate at the same speed and in opposite directions, so as to drive the probe rod to move upward or downward;

   The casing power unit is located below the probe power unit and includes:

   The clamping power structure has two telescopic arms arranged opposite to each other, a sleeve clamp is connected between the two telescopic arms, and the two telescopic arms synchronously perform telescopic movement in the horizontal direction, driving the sleeve clamp to clamp or loosen the sleeve, the sleeve clamp forms an inlet and outlet portion of the sleeve, the inlet and outlet portion of the sleeve is aligned with the clamping portion of the probe rod, the sleeve passes through the clamping portion of the probe rod, the sleeve clamp and the reserved hole from top to bottom in sequence, the inside of the sleeve is connected up and down, and the probe rod can pass through the sleeve along the axial direction;

   The lifting power structure drives the sleeve clamp to reciprocate up and down, driving the sleeve to move upward or downward. The sleeve clamp completes an up and down movement, driving the sleeve to move upward or downward.
2. The seabed static penetration equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that the specific way in which the rotating power structure is connected to the four extrusion wheels is that the rotating power structure includes four hydraulic motors, the output shaft of one hydraulic motor is connected to one extrusion wheel, and the four hydraulic motors rotate synchronously, driving the four extrusion wheels corresponding thereto to rotate at the same speed, driving the probe rod clamping part to squeeze the probe rod downward or pull the probe rod upward.
3. The seabed static penetration equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that the specific way of connecting the clamping power structure to the casing clamp is: the clamping power structure includes two clamping cylinders, the piston rods of the two clamping cylinders form the telescopic arm, the casing clamp includes two movable arms, a piston rod is connected to a movable arm of the casing clamp, and the piston rods of the two clamping cylinders synchronously perform telescopic motion in the horizontal direction, driving the two movable arms of the casing clamp to clamp or loosen.
4. The seabed static penetration equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that the specific way of connecting the lifting power structure and the casing clamp is: the lifting power structure includes two lifting cylinders, two clamping cylinders are arranged above the two lifting cylinders and correspond to the two lifting cylinders up and down respectively, the piston rods of the two lifting cylinders synchronously perform telescopic movement in the vertical direction, driving a pair of clamping cylinders to move up and down, and a pair of clamping cylinders drive the casing clamp to move up and down, so that the casing moves up or down.
5. The seabed static penetration equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that there are two probe rod power units, which are arranged in sequence up and down.
6. The seabed static penetration equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that the probe rod includes a plurality of sub-probe rods, and the plurality of sub-probe rods are vertically connected in sequence, and the casing includes a plurality of sub-casings, and the plurality of sub-casings are vertically connected in sequence.
7. A seabed static cone penetration method, using the seabed static cone penetration equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

   Step 1: The displacement power structure drives the four extrusion wheels to move away from each other, expands the clamping part of the probe rod, and allows the casing to pass through. The two telescopic arms of the clamping power structure contract to loosen the casing clamp. The lifting power structure rises, driving the casing clamp to rise. The casing is inserted into the casing clamp. The two telescopic arms of the clamping power structure stretch to clamp the casing.

   Step 2: The lifting power structure descends, causing the casing clamp to descend, and the casing clamp drives the casing to descend. Repeat the operations of loosening the casing clamp, raising the lifting power structure, clamping the casing, and lowering the lifting power structure until the casing is penetrated into place;

   Step 3: The probe rod is inserted into the probe rod clamping part, and the displacement power structure drives the four extrusion wheels to move closer, and the probe rod clamping part clamps the probe rod;

   Step 4: The rotating power structure drives the four extrusion wheels to rotate synchronously at the same height toward the clamping part of the probe rod. The four extrusion wheels generate a downward penetration force, and the probe rod extends into the casing and penetrates downward. After the probe rod penetrates into place, the rotating power structure stops driving the four extrusion wheels.
8. The seabed static penetration method according to claim 7 is characterized in that the steps of pulling out the probe rod and the casing are as follows:

   Step 1: The power structure is rotated to drive the four extrusion wheels to rotate synchronously in the opposite direction to the clamping part of the probe rod at the same height. The four extrusion wheels generate an upward pulling force, and the probe rod is pulled upward until the pulling of the probe rod is completed;

   Step 2: The displacement power structure drives the four extrusion wheels to move away from each other, expand the probe rod clamping part, unload the probe rod, and allow the casing to pass through the probe rod clamping part;

   Step 3: The two telescopic arms of the clamping power structure make a contraction movement to loosen the casing clamp, the lifting power structure descends, driving the casing clamp to descend, and the two telescopic arms of the clamping power structure make a stretching movement to make the casing clamp clamp the casing;

   Step 4: The lifting power structure rises, driving the casing clamp to rise, and the casing clamp drives the casing to rise. Repeat the operation of loosening the casing clamp, lowering the lifting power structure, clamping the casing with the casing clamp, and raising the lifting power structure until the casing pulling is completed.