WO2024082591A1 - 一种框架散热结构及具有该结构的动力电池模组 - Google Patents

一种框架散热结构及具有该结构的动力电池模组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024082591A1
WO2024082591A1 PCT/CN2023/090418 CN2023090418W WO2024082591A1 WO 2024082591 A1 WO2024082591 A1 WO 2024082591A1 CN 2023090418 W CN2023090418 W CN 2023090418W WO 2024082591 A1 WO2024082591 A1 WO 2024082591A1
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Prior art keywords
heat spreader
heat
battery
battery module
spreader
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
尹树彬
汤勇
黄皓熠
张仕伟
赵威
黎洪铭
黄梓滨
余小媚
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Guangdong Changnengda Technology Development Co ltd
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Guangdong Changnengda Technology Development Co ltd
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of power battery module heat dissipation, and in particular to a frame heat dissipation structure and a power battery module with the structure.
  • ternary lithium power battery modules and lithium iron phosphate power battery modules are dominant in the fields of passenger cars and commercial vehicles.
  • passenger car power battery modules are mainly ternary lithium power battery modules
  • commercial vehicle power battery modules are mainly lithium iron phosphate power battery modules.
  • One of the bottlenecks hindering the development of power lithium-ion power battery modules is its safety performance. Due to the high energy density, high operating temperature, and harsh working environment of lithium-ion power battery modules, coupled with the people-oriented safety concept, users have very high requirements for the safety of power battery modules.
  • the utility model proposes a frame heat dissipation structure applied to the power battery module.
  • a framework heat dissipation structure is a three-dimensional heat-conducting frame formed by a heat spreader plate around a battery core. It uses the principle of releasing a large amount of latent heat through the gas-liquid phase change inside the heat spreader plate to efficiently transfer heat from the battery core to the heat spreader plate. The heat inside the battery module is transmitted to the outside of the shell to achieve efficient thermal control of the battery module.
  • the frame heat dissipation structure includes an end heat spreader, a bottom heat spreader and a plurality of heat spreaders between battery cores. The frame heat dissipation structure is arranged around the battery module. The end heat spreader and the bottom heat spreader are in contact with the end and bottom of the battery module for heat transfer respectively.
  • the heat spreaders between battery cores are arranged in parallel on the bottom heat spreader.
  • a partition for placing battery cores is formed between two adjacent heat spreaders between battery cores.
  • the heat spreaders between battery cores are used for contacting and transferring heat with the battery cores on both sides.
  • the contact positions between the end vapor chamber and the bottom vapor chamber, between the end vapor chamber and the vapor chamber between battery cells, and between the bottom vapor chamber and the vapor chamber between battery cells are filled with thermally conductive silicone grease, thermally conductive mud, or thermally conductive potting glue, etc., which are thermally conductive soft materials available on the market, to fill the air gap and reduce thermal resistance.
  • the end heat spreader includes a front end heat spreader and a rear end heat spreader, which are jointly arranged with the front end heat spreader and the rear end heat spreader to form a "U"-shaped frame structure, and the heat spreaders between battery cells are arranged in the "U"-shaped frame at intervals, and the lower end of the heat spreader between battery cells is in contact with the bottom heat spreader, and the front and rear ends of the heat spreaders between battery cells are in contact with the front end heat spreader and the rear end heat spreader respectively, so as to form a partition for arranging the battery cells between two adjacent heat spreaders between battery cells.
  • a power battery module comprises an outer shell, a battery core and a frame heat dissipation structure, wherein the frame heat dissipation structure comprises an end heat spreader, a bottom heat spreader and a plurality of heat spreaders between battery cores, wherein the bottom heat spreader is inserted in a bottom slot of the outer shell, the end heat spreader is inserted in a front end and/or rear end slot of the outer shell, the heat spreaders between battery cores are arranged side by side between the two ends of the outer shell, partitions are formed between the heat spreaders between battery cores, the battery core is arranged in the partitions, and the end heat spreader, the bottom heat spreader and the heat spreaders between battery cores are respectively in contact with the end, bottom and side of the battery core to transfer heat.
  • the frame heat dissipation structure comprises an end heat spreader, a bottom heat spreader and a plurality of heat spreaders between battery cores
  • the bottom heat spreader is inserted in a bottom slot of the outer shell
  • the contact positions between the end heat spreader and the bottom heat spreader, between the end heat spreader and the battery core heat spreader, and between the bottom heat spreader and the battery core heat spreader are all filled with thermally conductive silicone grease, thermally conductive mud, or thermally conductive potting glue, etc., which are available on the market. Fill the air gap and reduce thermal resistance.
  • all the positions where the heat spreader contacts the shell or battery core are also filled with thermally conductive silicone grease, thermally conductive mud, or thermally conductive potting glue, etc., which are available on the market.
  • liquid cooling plates are provided at both ends and the bottom of the housing, which can be adjusted according to the power battery
  • the coolant flow rate in the liquid cooling plate is set for different heating conditions of the module.
  • This embodiment combines the high thermal conductivity of the phase change heat sink with the excellent heat dissipation performance of the traditional liquid cooling structure to achieve efficient thermal control of the power battery module.
  • fin heat dissipation structures are provided at both ends of the housing, which greatly increase the convection heat exchange area between the heating element and the air.
  • a blower is provided next to each of the two fin heat dissipation structures to strengthen the convection heat exchange process between the air and the power battery module, and to achieve efficient thermal control of the power battery module in combination with the efficient temperature equalization effect of each internal heat spreader.
  • the multiple heat spreaders can significantly improve the serious heating and uneven temperature distribution inside the power battery module, and transfer heat from the inside of the battery module to the outside of the shell in a multi-level and efficient manner, thereby achieving efficient thermal control of the battery module.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power battery module
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power battery module provided with liquid cooling
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power battery module provided with an air cooling device.
  • outer shell 1 battery core 2, frame heat dissipation structure 3, end heat spreader 31, bottom heat spreader 32, heat spreader between battery cores 33, liquid cooling plate 4, fin heat dissipation structure 5, blower 6.
  • a power battery module includes a housing 1, a battery core 2 and a frame heat dissipation structure 3.
  • the frame heat dissipation structure 3 includes an end heat spreader 31, a bottom heat spreader 32 and a plurality of battery cores.
  • the frame heat dissipation structure 3 is arranged around the battery module, the bottom heat spreader 32 is inserted into the bottom slot of the housing 1, and the end heat spreaders 31 are inserted into the front and rear end slots of the housing;
  • the end heat spreader 31 and the bottom heat spreader 32 are in contact with the end and bottom of the battery module respectively for heat transfer.
  • the heat spreader 33 between battery cells is arranged in parallel on the bottom heat spreader 32.
  • a partition for placing the battery cell 2 is formed between two adjacent heat spreaders 33 between battery cells.
  • the heat spreader 33 between battery cells is used for heat transfer in contact with the battery cells 2 on both sides.
  • the contact positions between the end heat spreader 31 and the bottom heat spreader 32, between the end heat spreader 31 and the battery core heat spreader 33, and between the bottom heat spreader 32 and the battery core heat spreader 33 are all filled with thermally conductive silicone grease, thermally conductive mud, or thermally conductive potting glue, etc., which are available on the market, to fill the air gap and reduce thermal resistance.
  • all the positions where the heat spreader contacts the housing 1 or the battery core 2 are also filled with thermally conductive silicone grease, thermally conductive mud, or thermally conductive potting glue, etc., which are available on the market.
  • the end heat spreader 31 includes a front end heat spreader and a rear end heat spreader, which are jointly arranged with the front end heat spreader, the rear end heat spreader and the bottom heat spreader 32 to form a "U"-shaped frame structure, and the heat spreaders 33 between battery cells are arranged in the "U"-shaped frame at intervals, and the lower ends of the heat spreaders 33 between battery cells are in contact with the bottom heat spreader 32, and the front and rear ends of the heat spreaders 33 between battery cells are in contact with the front end heat spreader and the rear end heat spreader respectively, and a partition groove for arranging the battery cell 2 is formed between two adjacent heat spreaders 33 between battery cells.
  • the improvement of this embodiment over the embodiment 1 is that liquid cooling plates 4 are provided at both ends and the bottom of the housing 1, and the flow rate of the coolant in the liquid cooling plate can be set according to different heating conditions of the power battery module.
  • This embodiment combines the high thermal conductivity of the phase change heat spreader with the excellent heat dissipation performance of the traditional liquid cooling structure to achieve efficient thermal control of the power battery module.
  • the improvement of this embodiment over the embodiment 1 is that fin heat dissipation structures 5 are provided at both ends of the housing 1, and the fin heat dissipation structures 5 greatly increase the convection heat exchange area between the heating element and the air.
  • a blower 6 is provided next to each of the two fin heat dissipation structures 5 to strengthen the convection heat exchange process between the air and the power battery module, and to achieve efficient thermal control of the power battery module in combination with the efficient temperature equalization effect of each internal heat sink.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型提出了一种框架散热结构及具有该结构的动力电池模组。该框架散热结构包括端部均热板、底部均热板以及若干电池芯间均热板，框架散热结构围绕电池模组设置，所述端部均热板、底部均热板分别与电池模组的端部和底部接触传热，所述电池芯间均热板并列设置于底部均热板之上，两相邻的电池芯间均热板之间形成供电池芯放置的隔槽，电池芯间均热板用于与两侧的电池芯接触传热。本实用新型通过设置的多块均热板能够显著改善动力电池模组内部发热严重且温度分布不均匀的情况，多层次、高效率地将热量从电池模组内部传输至壳体外部，实现对电池模组的高效热控。

Description

一种框架散热结构及具有该结构的动力电池模组 技术领域
本实用新型涉及动力电池模组散热技术领域，具体涉及一种框架散热结构及具有该结构的动力电池模组。
背景技术
近些年，电动汽车的快速发展带动了动力电池的发展。作为电动汽车的动力来源，电池性能的好坏不但关系到整车续驶里程的长短，而且关系到产品的安全性和可靠性。可以说，动力电池的发展决定着纯电动汽车的未来。
新能源动力电池模组的种类很多，其中，三元锂动力电池模组和磷酸铁锂动力电池模组在乘用车和商用车领域起主导应用，目前乘用车动力电池模组以三元锂动力电池模组为主，商用车动力电池模组以磷酸铁锂动力电池模组为主。目前阻碍动力锂离子动力电池模组发展的瓶颈之一是它的安全性能。由于锂离子动力电池模组具有能量密度大、工作温度高、工作环境恶劣等方面的原因，加上以人为本的安全理念，因此，用户对动力电池模组的安全性提出了非常高的要求。
而动力电池面临的最大问题就是因温度过高而导致的加速老化、性能衰减甚至爆炸起火等问题，因此实现对动力电池模组电池芯的快速散热至关重要。
实用新型内容
有鉴于此，为了缓解动力电池模组温度过高带来的问题，本实用新型提出了一种应用于动力电池模组的框架散热结构。
为解决上述技术问题，本实用新型采用以下技术方案予以实现：
一种框架散热结构，其为均热板围绕电池芯设置形成的立体导热框架，利用均热板内部气液相变释放大量潜热的原理，多层次、高效率地将热量从 电池模组内部传输至壳体外部，实现对电池模组的高效热控。该框架散热结构包括端部均热板、底部均热板以及若干电池芯间均热板，框架散热结构围绕电池模组设置，所述端部均热板、底部均热板分别与电池模组的端部和底部接触传热，所述电池芯间均热板并列设置于底部均热板之上，两相邻的电池芯间均热板之间形成供电池芯放置的隔槽，电池芯间均热板用于与两侧的电池芯接触传热。
进一步地，所述端部均热板与底部均热板之间、端部均热板与电池芯间均热板之间、底部均热板与电池芯间均热板之间有接触的位置都灌注有导热硅脂或导热泥或导热灌封胶等市面上存在的导热软质材料。填补气隙，减小热阻。
本实用新型中，所述端部均热板包括前端均热板和后端均热板，前端均热板、后端均热板与底部均热板共同围设成一个呈“U”形的框架结构，所述电池芯间均热板相互间隔地设于“U”形框架内，电池芯间均热板的下端与底部均热板接触，电池芯间均热板的前后端分别与前端均热板、后端均热板接触，从而在两相邻的电池芯间均热板之间形成用于设置电池芯的隔槽。
一种动力电池模组，包括外壳、电池芯和框架散热结构，所述框架散热结构包括端部均热板、底部均热板以及若干电池芯间均热板，所述底部均热板插设在外壳的底部插槽中，所述端部均热板插设在外壳的前端和/或后端插槽中，所述电池芯间均热板并排设于外壳的两端部之间，所述电池芯间均热板之间形成隔槽，所述电池芯设置在所述隔槽中，所述端部均热板、底部均热板以及电池芯间均热板分别与电池芯的端部、底部和侧部接触并进行传热。
进一步地，所述端部均热板与底部均热板之间、端部均热板与电池芯间均热板之间、底部均热板与电池芯间均热板之间有接触的位置都灌注有导热硅脂或导热泥或导热灌封胶等市面上存在的导热软质材料。填补气隙，减小热阻。此外，所有均热板与外壳或电池芯接触的位置，同样灌注有导热硅脂或导热泥或导热灌封胶等市面上存在的导热软质材料。
进一步可选地，所述外壳的两端和底部设置有液冷板，可根据动力电池 模组不同发热工况设定液冷板内冷却液流速。该实施例将相变均热板的高导热性能与传统液冷结构的优良散热性能两者结合，实现对动力电池模组的高效热控。
进一步可选地的，所述外壳的两端设置有翅片散热结构，翅片散热结构大幅增加发热体与空气的对流换热面积。两个翅片散热结构旁各设有鼓风机，强化空气与动力电池模组对流换热过程，结合内部各均热板的高效均温作用实现对动力电池模组的高效热控。
本实用新型的有益效果为：
一、通过设置的多块均热板能够显著改善动力电池模组内部发热严重且温度分布不均匀的情况，多层次、高效率地将热量从电池模组内部传输至壳体外部，实现对电池模组的高效热控。
二、使用以产业化生产高导热均热板为基础实施，成本低廉。
三、结构简单，对装配要求不高。
四、所涉及零件对精度要求不高，易于加工。
附图说明
图1为动力电池模组的结构示意图；
图2为设置有液冷的动力电池模组的结构示意图；
图3为设置有风冷装置的动力电池模组的结构示意图。
图中：外壳1、电池芯2、框架散热结构3、端部均热板31、底部均热板32、电池芯间均热板33、液冷板4、翅片散热结构5、鼓风机6。
具体实施方式
为让本领域的技术人员更加清晰直观的了解本实用新型，下面将结合附图，对本实用新型作进一步的说明。
实施例1
如图1所示，一种动力电池模组，包括外壳1、电池芯2和框架散热结构3，该框架散热结构3包括端部均热板31、底部均热板32以及若干电池芯 间均热板33，框架散热结构3围绕电池模组设置，底部均热板32插设在外壳1的底部插槽中，端部均热板31插设在外壳的前端和后端插槽中；
端部均热板31、底部均热板32分别与电池模组的端部和底部接触传热，电池芯间均热板33并列设置于底部均热板32之上，两相邻的电池芯间均热板33之间形成供电池芯2放置的隔槽，电池芯间均热板33用于与两侧的电池芯2接触传热。
端部均热板31与底部均热板32之间、端部均热板31与电池芯间均热板33之间、底部均热板32与电池芯间均热板33之间有接触的位置都灌注有导热硅脂或导热泥或导热灌封胶等市面上存在的导热软质材料，以填补气隙，减小热阻。此外，所有均热板与外壳1或电池芯2接触的位置，同样灌注有导热硅脂或导热泥或导热灌封胶等市面上存在的导热软质材料。
本实用新型中，端部均热板31包括前端均热板和后端均热板，前端均热板、后端均热板与底部均热板32共同围设成一个呈“U”形的框架结构，电池芯间均热板33相互间隔地设于“U”形框架内，电池芯间均热板33的下端与底部均热板32接触，电池芯间均热板33的前后端分别与前端均热板、后端均热板接触，两相邻的电池芯间均热板33之间形成用于设置电池芯2的隔槽。
实施例2
如图2所示，本实施例与实施例1的改进点在于，外壳1的两端和底部设置有液冷板4，可根据动力电池模组不同发热工况设定液冷板内冷却液流速。该实施例将相变均热板的高导热性能与传统液冷结构的优良散热性能两者结合，实现对动力电池模组的高效热控。
实施例3
如图3所示，本实施例与实施例1的改进点在于，外壳1的两端设置有翅片散热结构5，翅片散热结构5大幅增加发热体与空气的对流换热面积。两个翅片散热结构5旁各设有鼓风机6，强化空气与动力电池模组对流换热过程，结合内部各均热板的高效均温作用实现对动力电池模组的高效热控。
以上仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本实用新型，凡在本实用新型的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种框架散热结构，其特征在于，包括端部均热板、底部均热板以及若干电池芯间均热板，框架散热结构围绕电池模组设置，所述端部均热板、底部均热板分别与电池模组的端部和底部接触传热，所述电池芯间均热板并列设置于底部均热板之上，两相邻的电池芯间均热板之间形成供电池芯放置的隔槽，电池芯间均热板用于与两侧的电池芯接触传热。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种框架散热结构，其特征在于，所述端部均热板与底部均热板之间、端部均热板与电池芯间均热板之间、底部均热板与电池芯间均热板之间接触的位置都灌注有导热硅脂或导热泥或导热灌封胶。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种框架散热结构，其特征在于，所述端部均热板包括前端均热板和后端均热板，前端均热板、后端均热板与底部均热板共同围设成一个呈“U”形的框架结构，所述电池芯间均热板相互间隔地设于“U”形框架内，电池芯间均热板的下端与底部均热板接触，电池芯间均热板的前后端分别与前端均热板、后端均热板接触。
  4. 一种动力电池模组，其特征在于，包括外壳、电池芯和框架散热结构，所述框架散热结构包括端部均热板、底部均热板以及若干电池芯间均热板，所述底部均热板插设在外壳的底部插槽中，所述端部均热板插设在外壳的前端和/或后端插槽中，所述电池芯间均热板并排设于外壳的两端部之间，所述电池芯间均热板之间形成隔槽，所述电池芯设置在所述隔槽中，所述端部均热板、底部均热板以及电池芯间均热板分别与电池芯的端部、底部和侧部接触并进行传热。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种动力电池模组，其特征在于，所述端部均热板与底部均热板之间、端部均热板与电池芯间均热板之间、底部均热板与电池芯间均热板之间有接触的位置都灌注有导热硅脂或导热泥或导热灌封胶。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的一种动力电池模组，其特征在于，所有均热板与外壳或电池芯接触的位置灌注有导热硅脂或导热泥或导热灌封胶。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的一种动力电池模组，其特征在于，所述外壳的两 端和底部设置有液冷板。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的一种动力电池模组，其特征在于，所述外壳的两端设置有翅片散热结构。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的一种动力电池模组，其特征在于，两端的翅片散热结构旁各设有鼓风机。
PCT/CN2023/090418 2022-10-18 2023-04-24 一种框架散热结构及具有该结构的动力电池模组 Ceased WO2024082591A1 (zh)

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