WO2024082160A1 - Movable straw crushing and pelletizing integrated apparatus - Google Patents

Movable straw crushing and pelletizing integrated apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024082160A1
WO2024082160A1 PCT/CN2022/126074 CN2022126074W WO2024082160A1 WO 2024082160 A1 WO2024082160 A1 WO 2024082160A1 CN 2022126074 W CN2022126074 W CN 2022126074W WO 2024082160 A1 WO2024082160 A1 WO 2024082160A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
feeding
granulation
shell
crushing
granulating
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2022/126074
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张春雨
张卫民
乔印虎
鲍官培
郑凤菊
金鹏
管文武
周爽
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Anhui University of Science and Technology
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Anhui University of Science and Technology
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/126074 priority Critical patent/WO2024082160A1/en
Publication of WO2024082160A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024082160A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D82/00—Crop conditioners, i.e. machines for crushing or bruising stalks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D89/00—Pick-ups for loaders, chaff-cutters, balers, field-threshers, or the like, i.e. attachments for picking-up hay or the like field crops
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/22—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by pressing in moulds or between rollers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a mobile straw crushing and granulating integrated equipment.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a mobile integrated straw crushing and granulation equipment to solve the above problems.
  • the recovery and granulation are integrated into one device, and moving parts are added to the equipment to achieve the purpose of collecting straw and granulating during movement.
  • the present invention provides the following solutions:
  • a mobile straw crushing and granulating integrated equipment comprises a frame, a walking crawler is installed at the bottom of the frame, a feeding assembly, a crushing assembly, a feeding assembly, an extrusion and conveying assembly, a granulating mechanism and a material bin are installed above the frame in sequence, and a conveyor belt is arranged between the outlet end of the granulating mechanism and the top of the material bin;
  • the crushing component is connected to the feeding component at the bottom, the outlet end of the feeding component is located above the inlet end of the extrusion conveying component, and the outlet end of the extrusion conveying component is located above the inlet end of the granulating mechanism;
  • the granulating mechanism comprises a granulating shell fixedly connected to the top of the frame, two granulating rollers are rotatably connected in the granulating shell, granulating structures are arranged on the side walls of the two granulating rollers, a threshing structure is arranged in the granulating structure, and the ends of the two granulating rollers are meshed with each other.
  • the granulation structure comprises a plurality of granulation grooves provided on the outer side wall of the granulation roller, the granulation grooves on the two granulation rollers are arranged corresponding to each other, and the threshing structure is movably arranged in the granulation grooves.
  • the threshing structure includes a threshing slider which is slidably arranged along the radial direction of the granulating roller, the threshing slider is slidably connected in the granulating groove, the end of the threshing slider away from the outer wall of the granulating roller is fixedly connected to a connecting rod, the connecting rod slides through the bottom wall of the granulating groove, an annular protrusion is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, the granulating roller is a hollow structure, a second spring is provided between the annular protrusion and the inner wall of the granulating roller, the second spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod, and the end of the connecting rod away from the threshing slider is in contact with a threshing drive unit.
  • the threshing drive unit includes a rotating half-shaft and a fixed half-shaft
  • the fixed half-shaft is rotatably connected to the granulating roller
  • one end of the fixed half-shaft is fixedly connected to the granulating shell
  • one end of the rotating half-shaft penetrates into the fixed half-shaft and is rotatably connected to the fixed half-shaft
  • the other end of the rotating half-shaft is fixedly connected to the granulating roller
  • the rotating half-shaft is rotatably connected to the side wall of the granulating shell
  • the fixed half-shafts in the two granulating rollers are symmetrically arranged
  • the cross-section of the fixed half-shaft located inside the granulating roller is a cam structure
  • the angle between the cross-sectional midline of the cam structure and the horizontal plane is an acute angle.
  • the feeding assembly includes a mounting plate, the mounting plate is tilted, a plurality of sprockets are rotatably connected to the mounting plate, chains are sleeved on the outer sides of two sprockets, and a material removing claw is installed on the outer side of the chain, the connecting line of the two sprockets sleeved with the chains is parallel to the running direction of the equipment, a feeding shell is fixedly connected to the frame, an opening is provided on one side of the feeding shell, a feeding roller is rotatably connected to the opening side of the feeding shell, the high end of the mounting plate is hinged to the opening side of the feeding shell, an adjusting cylinder is hinged between the bottom of the mounting plate and the feeding shell, the crushing assembly is located below the side of the feeding roller away from the mounting plate, the crushing assembly is rotatably connected to the feeding shell, and the feeding shell is located at the side wall below the crushing assembly and is connected to the feeding assembly.
  • the crushing assembly includes two crushing rollers rotatably connected to the feeding shell, the outer side walls of the two crushing rollers are provided with a plurality of crushing teeth, the crushing teeth on the two crushing rollers are staggered, the ends of the two crushing rollers are meshed with each other, and the two crushing rollers are located below the side of the feeding roller away from the mounting plate.
  • the feeding assembly includes a feeding channel connected to the bottom of the side wall of the feeding shell, the connection point between the feeding channel and the feeding shell is located below the crushing assembly, the bottom of the feeding channel is connected to one end of a connecting pipe, the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the outlet end of a feeding fan, the top of the feeding channel is rotatably connected to a rotating feeding channel, the outer side wall of the rotating feeding channel is fixedly connected to a first gear, the first gear is meshed with a second gear, the first gear shaft is connected to the output shaft of a rotating drive motor, the rotating drive motor is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the feeding channel, and the outlet end of the rotating feeding channel is located above the inlet end of the extrusion conveying assembly.
  • the extrusion conveying assembly includes an extrusion shell fixedly connected to the frame, the outlet end of the extrusion shell is a conical structure, the small end of the extrusion shell is located at the outlet end, an auger is rotatably connected inside the extrusion shell, the outer contour of the auger matches the inner wall contour of the extrusion shell, the end of the auger away from the outlet end of the extrusion shell is rotatably connected to the extrusion shell, the auger shaft is connected to the output shaft of the auger motor, and the auger motor is fixedly connected to the extrusion shell.
  • the inner wall of the granulation shell is rotatably connected to one end of two scrapers, the two scrapers are symmetrically arranged, the other ends of the scrapers are in contact with the corresponding outer sides of the granulation rollers, the scrapers are located below the granulation roller, a first spring is fixedly connected between the bottom wall of the scraper and the inner wall of the granulation shell, a limit plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the granulation shell, and the bottom edge of the limit plate is in contact with the top edge of the scraper.
  • the straw When in use, the straw is sent to the crushing component through the feeding component to be crushed, and the crushed straw is sent to the extrusion and transportation component through the feeding component.
  • the crushed straw is initially extruded in the extrusion and transportation component to reduce the fluffiness of the straw, and then it is extruded by the granulating roller in the granulating mechanism to form the final biomass pellets, which effectively enhances the density of the pellets and prevents the looseness of the pellets, bringing great convenience to the later field return operation.
  • the present invention arranges walking crawlers at the bottom of the frame, and arranges a feeding component, a crushing component, a feeding component, an extrusion and conveying component, a granulating mechanism and a material bin on the frame, so that the entire device from feeding, crushing and granulating forms an integrated structure, and each structure can be moved, so that it can be directly used in the farmland without the need to collect the straw and then perform fixed-point operations, which greatly facilitates the operation of granulating the straw and returning it to the field.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the top view of the mounting plate
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the crushing roller structure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a granulating roller.
  • the present invention provides a mobile straw crushing and granulating integrated equipment, including a frame 2, a walking crawler 1 is installed at the bottom of the frame 2, a feeding component, a crushing component, a feeding component, an extrusion and conveying component, a granulating mechanism and a material bin 24 are installed above the frame 2 in sequence, and a conveyor belt 23 is provided between the outlet end of the granulating mechanism and the top of the material bin 24;
  • the lower part of the crushing component is connected with the feeding component, the outlet end of the feeding component is located above the inlet end of the extrusion conveying component, and the outlet end of the extrusion conveying component is located above the inlet end of the granulation mechanism;
  • the granulating mechanism comprises a granulating shell 21 fixedly connected to the top of the frame 2, two granulating rollers 22 are rotatably connected in the granulating shell 21, the side walls of the two granulating rollers 22 are provided with a granulating structure, a threshing structure is provided in the granulating structure, and the ends of the two granulating rollers 22 are meshed with each other.
  • the present invention arranges a walking crawler 1 at the bottom of the frame 2, and arranges a feeding component, a crushing component, a feeding component, an extrusion and conveying component, a granulating mechanism and a material bin 24 on the frame 2, so that the entire device from feeding, crushing and granulating forms an integrated structure, and each structure can be moved, so that it can be used directly in the farmland without the need to collect the straw and perform fixed-point operations, which greatly facilitates the operation of straw granulation and returning to the field.
  • the straw When in use, the straw is sent to the crushing component through the feeding component to be crushed, and the crushed straw is sent to the extrusion and transportation component through the feeding component.
  • the crushed straw is initially extruded in the extrusion and transportation component to reduce the fluffiness of the straw, and then it is extruded by the granulating roller 22 in the granulating mechanism to form the final biomass pellets, which effectively enhances the density of the pellets and prevents the looseness of the pellets, bringing great convenience to the later field return operation.
  • the walking crawler 1 can be driven by the existing engine-driven crawler, which is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.
  • the granulation structure includes a plurality of granulation grooves 2201 provided on the outer side wall of the granulation roller 22 , the granulation grooves 2201 on the two granulation rollers 22 are arranged corresponding to each other, and the threshing structure is movably arranged in the granulation grooves 2201 .
  • the threshing structure includes a threshing slider 2202 slidingly arranged along the radial direction of the granulating roller 22, the threshing slider 2202 is slidably connected in the granulating groove 2201, and the end of the threshing slider 2202 away from the outer wall of the granulating roller 22 is fixedly connected to a connecting rod, the connecting rod slides through the bottom wall of the granulating groove 2201, and an annular protrusion is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, the granulating roller 22 is a hollow structure, and a second spring 2203 is provided between the annular protrusion and the inner wall of the granulating roller 22, the second spring 2203 is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod, and the end of the connecting rod away from the threshing slider 2202 is in contact with a threshing drive unit.
  • the threshing drive unit comprises a rotating half-shaft 2204 and a fixed half-shaft 2205, wherein the fixed half-shaft 2205 is rotatably connected to the granulating roller 22, one end of the fixed half-shaft 2205 is fixedly connected to the granulating shell 21, one end of the rotating half-shaft 2204 penetrates into the fixed half-shaft 2205 and is rotatably connected to the fixed half-shaft 2205, the other end of the rotating half-shaft 2204 is fixedly connected to the granulating roller 22, the rotating half-shaft 2204 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the granulating shell 21, the fixed half-shafts 2205 in the two granulating rollers 22 are symmetrically arranged, and the cross-section of the fixed half-shaft 2205 located inside the granulating roller 22 is a cam structure, and the angle between the cross-section midline of the cam structure and the horizontal plane is an acute angle.
  • the rotating half shaft 2204 is connected to the power source through transmission.
  • the power source can be driven by an engine, a motor, etc.
  • Its driving structure can be driven by an existing sprocket assembly, a belt assembly, and a gear box assembly.
  • the meshing between the two granulating rollers 22 can be carried out by two gears to ensure that the two rotate at the same speed in different directions. After the crushed straw enters between the two granulating rollers 22, it is squeezed by the two granulating rollers 22. Due to the action of the threshing slider 2202, particles are formed between the two granulating grooves 2201. As the granulating rollers 22 rotate, the connecting rod contacts the fixed half shaft 2205.
  • the connecting rod rotates to the high point position of the fixed half shaft 2205
  • the fixed half shaft 2205 pushes the connecting rod to move outward
  • the connecting rod pushes the threshing slider 2202 to move outward, pushing the compressed particles to the outside of the granulating groove 2201.
  • the threshing slider 2202 is reset to continue the next process of compressing particles.
  • a further optimization scheme is that the feeding assembly includes a mounting plate 3, which is tilted, and a plurality of sprockets 4 are rotatably connected to the mounting plate 3. Chains 5 are sleeved on the outer sides of the two sprockets, and a material-moving claw 6 is installed on the outer sides of the chain 5. The connecting line of the two sprockets 4 sleeved with the chain 5 is parallel to the running direction of the equipment.
  • a feeding shell 7 is fixedly connected to the frame 2, and an opening is provided on one side of the feeding shell 7.
  • a feeding roller 8 is rotatably connected to the opening side of the feeding shell 7.
  • the high end of the mounting plate 3 is hinged to the opening side of the feeding shell 7, and an adjusting cylinder 9 is hinged between the bottom of the mounting plate 3 and the feeding shell 7.
  • the crushing assembly is located below the side of the feeding roller 8 away from the mounting plate 3, and the crushing assembly is rotatably connected to the feeding shell 7.
  • the feeding shell 7 is located on the side wall below the crushing assembly and is connected to the feeding assembly.
  • the sprocket 4 can be connected to the engine transmission in the form of a gear set and a sprocket set to ensure that the running directions of the two adjacent chains 5 are opposite.
  • the material-push claw 6 can be inserted into a part of the straw.
  • the straw is fed to the feeding roller 8.
  • the feeding roller 8 can be a feeder of a corn harvester.
  • the drive of the feeding roller 8 can be connected to the engine transmission by a sprocket set, a gear set, etc. The feeding roller 8 rotates to feed the straw into the crushing component.
  • the crushing assembly includes two crushing rollers 10 rotatably connected to the feeding shell 7, and the outer side walls of the two crushing rollers 10 are provided with a plurality of crushing teeth 1001.
  • the crushing teeth 1001 on the two crushing rollers 10 are staggered with each other, and the ends of the two crushing rollers 10 are meshed with each other.
  • the two crushing rollers 10 are located below the side of the feeding roller 8 away from the mounting plate 3.
  • the crushing roller 10 is driven in the same manner as the granulating roller 22.
  • the crushing roller 10 rotates to crush the straw, and the crushed straw is then fed into the feeding assembly.
  • the feeding assembly includes a feeding channel 11 connected to the bottom of the side wall of the feeding shell 7, the connection point between the feeding channel 11 and the feeding shell 7 is located below the crushing assembly, the bottom of the feeding channel 11 is connected to one end of a connecting pipe 13, the other end of the connecting pipe 13 is connected to the outlet end of a feeding fan 12, the top of the feeding channel 11 is rotatably connected to a rotating feeding channel 14, the outer side wall of the rotating feeding channel 14 is fixedly connected to a first gear 15, the first gear 15 is meshed with a second gear, the first gear 15 is axially connected to the output shaft of a rotating drive motor 16, the rotating drive motor 16 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the feeding channel 11, and the outlet end of the rotating feeding channel 14 is located above the inlet end of the extrusion conveying assembly.
  • the feeding fan 12 By controlling the feeding fan 12 to rotate, the feeding fan 12 blows the straw into the rotating feeding channel 14, and the rotating feeding channel 14 sends the straw to the inlet end of the extrusion and conveying component.
  • the rotation of the rotary drive motor 16 can electrically rotate the second gear, and the second gear drives the first gear 15 to rotate, and the first gear 15 drives the rotating feeding channel 14 to rotate.
  • the rotating feeding channel 14 can be controlled to rotate to a suitable position, and the crushed straw is not sent into the extrusion and conveying component, but is sent into the truck bed for direct transportation, which brings convenience to other ways of utilizing the straw.
  • the extrusion conveying assembly includes an extrusion shell 18 fixedly connected to the frame 2, the outlet end of the extrusion shell 18 is a conical structure, the small end of the extrusion shell 18 is located at the outlet end, an auger 19 is rotatably connected inside the extrusion shell 18, the outer contour of the auger 19 matches the inner wall contour of the extrusion shell 18, the end of the auger 19 away from the outlet end of the extrusion shell 18 is rotatably connected to the extrusion shell 18, the shaft of the auger 19 is connected to the output shaft of the auger motor 20, and the auger motor 20 is fixedly connected to the extrusion shell 18.
  • the rotation of the auger motor 20 drives the auger 19 to rotate. Since the outlet end of the extrusion shell 18 adopts a conical structure, when the straw passes through this part of the structure, it will be initially squeezed. When granulation is performed, since the straw has been squeezed once, the compactness of the particles can be guaranteed to be higher during the granulation process to prevent the particles from becoming loose.
  • a further optimized solution is that the inner side wall of the granulation shell 21 is rotatably connected to one end of two scrapers 2101, the two scrapers 2101 are symmetrically arranged, the other end of the scraper 2101 is in contact with the outer side of the corresponding granulation roller 22, the scraper 2101 is located below the granulation roller 22, and a first spring 2102 is fixedly connected between the bottom wall of the scraper 2101 and the inner wall of the granulation shell 21, and the inner wall of the granulation shell 21 is fixedly connected to a limit plate 2103, and the bottom edge of the limit plate 2103 is in contact with the top edge of the scraper 2101.
  • the scraper 2101 can be used to scrape off the residual straw on the granulation roller 22 to prevent it from sticking to the outside of the granulation roller 22.
  • the purpose of setting the limit plate 2103 is to prevent the scraper 2101 from excessively rebounding when it rebounds, causing the scraper 2101 to be stuck in the granulation groove 2201.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

A movable straw crushing and pelletizing integrated apparatus, comprising a bed (2). A travelling track (1) is mounted at the bottom of the bed (2), a feeding assembly, a crushing assembly, a conveying assembly, a pressing conveying assembly, a pelletizing mechanism and a material bin (24) are sequentially mounted above the bed (2), and a conveyor belt (23) is provided between an outlet end of the pelletizing mechanism and the top of the material bin (24); a lower part of the crushing assembly is in communication with the feeding assembly, an outlet end of the feeding assembly is positioned above an inlet end of the pressing conveying assembly, and an outlet end of the pressing conveying assembly is positioned above an inlet end of the pelletizing mechanism; and the pelletizing mechanism comprises a pelletizing housing (21) fixedly connected to the top of the bed (2), two pelletizing rollers (22) are rotatably connected in the pelletizing housing (21), pelletizing structures are provided on side walls of the two pelletizing rollers (22), threshing structures are provided in the pelletizing structures, and the ends of the two pelletizing rollers (22) mesh. In the integrated apparatus, by means of structural integration, recovery and pelletizing are integrated into one apparatus, and a movement part is added to the apparatus, thereby achieving the aim of collecting and pelletizing straw during movement.

Description

一种移动式秸秆粉碎制粒一体化设备A mobile integrated equipment for crushing and granulating straw 技术领域Technical Field

发明涉及农业机械技术领域，尤其涉及一种移动式秸秆粉碎制粒一体化设备。The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a mobile straw crushing and granulating integrated equipment.

背景技术Background technique

随着农业生产的高速发展，粮食产量大幅提高，秸秆产量也随之提高，使得农村大量富余秸秆，传统的处理方式主要是就地焚烧，过程中会产生大量的粉尘和烟雾，造成严重空气污染；因此，随着农业机械化水平的提高，将秸秆焚烧转变为直接还田，或将秸秆制备成生物质颗粒，以用于工业生产和农用等领域。With the rapid development of agricultural production, grain output has increased significantly, and straw output has also increased accordingly, resulting in a large amount of surplus straw in rural areas. The traditional way of dealing with it is mainly on-site burning, which will produce a lot of dust and smoke in the process, causing serious air pollution; therefore, with the improvement of the level of agricultural mechanization, straw burning is transformed into direct return to the field, or straw is prepared into biomass pellets for use in industrial production and agricultural use.

现有秸秆制备生物质颗粒设备多为固定式结构，且在制作过程中由于秸秆的蓬松结构，制成的生物质颗粒进行运输转运过程中颗粒出现松散问题，在实际还田过程中存在诸多不便。Most of the existing equipment for preparing biomass pellets from straw is of fixed structure. In addition, due to the fluffy structure of the straw, the biomass pellets produced during the production process become loose during transportation and transfer, which causes many inconveniences in the actual field return process.

发明内容Summary of the invention

本发明的目的是提供一种移动式秸秆粉碎制粒一体化设备，以解决上述问题，通过对多种结构进行整合，将回收制粒综合至一台设备上，并为设备增加移动部件，实现移动过程中收集秸秆制粒的目的。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mobile integrated straw crushing and granulation equipment to solve the above problems. By integrating multiple structures, the recovery and granulation are integrated into one device, and moving parts are added to the equipment to achieve the purpose of collecting straw and granulating during movement.

为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

一种移动式秸秆粉碎制粒一体化设备，包括机架，所述机架底部安装有行走履带，所述机架上方依次安装有进料组件、破碎组件、送料组件、挤压运送组件、制粒机构以及物料仓，所述制粒机构出口端与所述物料仓顶部之间设有传送带；A mobile straw crushing and granulating integrated equipment comprises a frame, a walking crawler is installed at the bottom of the frame, a feeding assembly, a crushing assembly, a feeding assembly, an extrusion and conveying assembly, a granulating mechanism and a material bin are installed above the frame in sequence, and a conveyor belt is arranged between the outlet end of the granulating mechanism and the top of the material bin;

所述破碎组件下方与所述送料组件连通，所述送料组件的出口端位于所述挤压运送组件进口端上方，所述挤压运送组件出口端位于所述制粒机构进口端上方；The crushing component is connected to the feeding component at the bottom, the outlet end of the feeding component is located above the inlet end of the extrusion conveying component, and the outlet end of the extrusion conveying component is located above the inlet end of the granulating mechanism;

所述制粒机构包括固定连接在机架顶部的制粒壳体，所述制粒壳体内转动连接有两个制粒辊，两个所述制粒辊侧壁设有制粒结构，所述制粒结构内设有脱粒结构，两个所述制粒辊端部相互啮合。The granulating mechanism comprises a granulating shell fixedly connected to the top of the frame, two granulating rollers are rotatably connected in the granulating shell, granulating structures are arranged on the side walls of the two granulating rollers, a threshing structure is arranged in the granulating structure, and the ends of the two granulating rollers are meshed with each other.

优选的，所述制粒结构包括开设在所述制粒辊外侧壁的若干制粒凹槽，两个所述制粒辊上的所述制粒凹槽相互对应设置，所述脱粒结构活动设置在所述制粒凹槽内。Preferably, the granulation structure comprises a plurality of granulation grooves provided on the outer side wall of the granulation roller, the granulation grooves on the two granulation rollers are arranged corresponding to each other, and the threshing structure is movably arranged in the granulation grooves.

优选的，所述脱粒结构包括沿所述制粒辊半径方向滑动设置的脱粒滑块，所述脱粒滑块滑动连接在所述制粒凹槽内，所述脱粒滑块远离所述制粒辊外侧壁的一端固定连接有连接杆，所述连接杆滑动穿过所述制粒凹槽底壁，所述连接杆上固定连接有环形凸起，所述制粒辊为中空结构，所述环形凸起与所述制粒辊内壁之间设有第二弹簧，所述第二弹簧套设在所述连接杆外侧，所述连接杆远离所述脱粒滑块的一端接触设有脱粒驱动部。Preferably, the threshing structure includes a threshing slider which is slidably arranged along the radial direction of the granulating roller, the threshing slider is slidably connected in the granulating groove, the end of the threshing slider away from the outer wall of the granulating roller is fixedly connected to a connecting rod, the connecting rod slides through the bottom wall of the granulating groove, an annular protrusion is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, the granulating roller is a hollow structure, a second spring is provided between the annular protrusion and the inner wall of the granulating roller, the second spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod, and the end of the connecting rod away from the threshing slider is in contact with a threshing drive unit.

优选的，所述脱粒驱动部包括转动半轴和固定半轴，所述固定半轴与所述制粒辊转动连接，所述固定半轴一端与所述制粒壳体固定连接，所述转动半轴一端穿入所述固定半轴内且与所述固定半轴转动连接，所述转动半轴另一端与所述制粒辊固定连接，所述转动半轴转动连接在所述制粒壳体侧壁上，两个所述制粒辊内的所述固定半轴对称设置，所述固定半轴位于所述制粒辊内部的截面为凸轮结构，所述凸轮结构的截面中线与水平面夹角为锐角。Preferably, the threshing drive unit includes a rotating half-shaft and a fixed half-shaft, the fixed half-shaft is rotatably connected to the granulating roller, one end of the fixed half-shaft is fixedly connected to the granulating shell, one end of the rotating half-shaft penetrates into the fixed half-shaft and is rotatably connected to the fixed half-shaft, the other end of the rotating half-shaft is fixedly connected to the granulating roller, the rotating half-shaft is rotatably connected to the side wall of the granulating shell, the fixed half-shafts in the two granulating rollers are symmetrically arranged, the cross-section of the fixed half-shaft located inside the granulating roller is a cam structure, and the angle between the cross-sectional midline of the cam structure and the horizontal plane is an acute angle.

优选的，所述进料组件包括安装板，所述安装板倾斜设置，所述安装板上转动连接有若干链轮，两个链轮外侧套设有链条，所述链条外侧安装有拨料爪，套设有所述链条的两个所述链轮的连线与设备运行方向平行，所述机架上固定连接有送料壳体，所述送料壳体一侧设有开口，所述送料壳体的开口侧转动连接有送料辊，所述安装板的高端与所述送料壳体的开口侧铰接，所述安装板底部与所述送料壳体之间铰接有调节气缸，所述破碎组件位于所述送料辊远离所述安装板的一侧下方，所述破碎组件与所述送料壳体转动连接，所述送料壳体位于所述破碎组件下方侧壁与所述送料组件连通。Preferably, the feeding assembly includes a mounting plate, the mounting plate is tilted, a plurality of sprockets are rotatably connected to the mounting plate, chains are sleeved on the outer sides of two sprockets, and a material removing claw is installed on the outer side of the chain, the connecting line of the two sprockets sleeved with the chains is parallel to the running direction of the equipment, a feeding shell is fixedly connected to the frame, an opening is provided on one side of the feeding shell, a feeding roller is rotatably connected to the opening side of the feeding shell, the high end of the mounting plate is hinged to the opening side of the feeding shell, an adjusting cylinder is hinged between the bottom of the mounting plate and the feeding shell, the crushing assembly is located below the side of the feeding roller away from the mounting plate, the crushing assembly is rotatably connected to the feeding shell, and the feeding shell is located at the side wall below the crushing assembly and is connected to the feeding assembly.

优选的，所述破碎组件包括转动连接在所述送料壳体内的两个破碎辊，两个所述破碎辊外侧壁设有若干破碎齿，两个所述破碎辊上的所述破碎齿相互交错设置，两个所述破碎辊的端部相互啮合，两个所述破碎辊位于所述送料辊远离所述安装板的一侧下方。Preferably, the crushing assembly includes two crushing rollers rotatably connected to the feeding shell, the outer side walls of the two crushing rollers are provided with a plurality of crushing teeth, the crushing teeth on the two crushing rollers are staggered, the ends of the two crushing rollers are meshed with each other, and the two crushing rollers are located below the side of the feeding roller away from the mounting plate.

优选的，所述送料组件包括与所述送料壳体侧壁底部连通的送料通道，所述送料通道与所述送料壳体连通处位于所述破碎组件下方，所述送料通道底部连通有连接管的一端，所述连接管另一端连通有送料风机的出口端，所述送料通道顶部转动连接有转动送料通道，所述转动送料通道外侧壁固定连接有第一齿轮，所述第一齿轮啮合有第二齿轮，所述第一齿轮轴接有旋转驱动电机的输出轴，所述 旋转驱动电机与所述送料通道外侧壁固定连接，所述转动送料通道的出口端位于所述挤压运送组件进口端上方。Preferably, the feeding assembly includes a feeding channel connected to the bottom of the side wall of the feeding shell, the connection point between the feeding channel and the feeding shell is located below the crushing assembly, the bottom of the feeding channel is connected to one end of a connecting pipe, the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the outlet end of a feeding fan, the top of the feeding channel is rotatably connected to a rotating feeding channel, the outer side wall of the rotating feeding channel is fixedly connected to a first gear, the first gear is meshed with a second gear, the first gear shaft is connected to the output shaft of a rotating drive motor, the rotating drive motor is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the feeding channel, and the outlet end of the rotating feeding channel is located above the inlet end of the extrusion conveying assembly.

优选的，所述挤压运送组件包括固定连接在所述机架上的挤压壳体，所述挤压壳体的出口端为锥形结构，所述挤压壳体小端位于出口端，所述挤压壳体内转动连接有绞龙，所述绞龙外部轮廓与所述挤压壳体内壁轮廓相匹配，所述绞龙远离所述挤压壳体出口端的一端与所述挤压壳体转动连接，所述绞龙轴接有绞龙电机的输出轴，所述绞龙电机与所述挤压壳体固定连接。Preferably, the extrusion conveying assembly includes an extrusion shell fixedly connected to the frame, the outlet end of the extrusion shell is a conical structure, the small end of the extrusion shell is located at the outlet end, an auger is rotatably connected inside the extrusion shell, the outer contour of the auger matches the inner wall contour of the extrusion shell, the end of the auger away from the outlet end of the extrusion shell is rotatably connected to the extrusion shell, the auger shaft is connected to the output shaft of the auger motor, and the auger motor is fixedly connected to the extrusion shell.

优选的，所述制粒壳体内侧壁转动连接有两个刮板的一端，两个所述刮板对称设置，所述刮板另一端与对应的所述制粒辊外侧相接触，所述刮板位于所述制粒辊下方，所述刮板底壁与所述制粒壳体内壁之间固定连接有第一弹簧，所述制粒壳体内壁固定连接有限位板，所述限位板底边与所述刮板顶边相接触。Preferably, the inner wall of the granulation shell is rotatably connected to one end of two scrapers, the two scrapers are symmetrically arranged, the other ends of the scrapers are in contact with the corresponding outer sides of the granulation rollers, the scrapers are located below the granulation roller, a first spring is fixedly connected between the bottom wall of the scraper and the inner wall of the granulation shell, a limit plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the granulation shell, and the bottom edge of the limit plate is in contact with the top edge of the scraper.

本发明具有如下技术效果：The present invention has the following technical effects:

在使用时，通过进料组件将秸秆送至破碎组件，对秸秆实现破碎，并将破碎后的秸秆通过送料组件送至挤压运送组件，破碎后的秸秆在挤压运送组件内经过初步挤压后，减小了秸秆的蓬松程度，然后再经过制粒机构内制粒辊的挤压，制成最终的生物质颗粒，有效的增强了颗粒的致密性，防止颗粒的松散，对后期还田作业带来极大的方便。When in use, the straw is sent to the crushing component through the feeding component to be crushed, and the crushed straw is sent to the extrusion and transportation component through the feeding component. The crushed straw is initially extruded in the extrusion and transportation component to reduce the fluffiness of the straw, and then it is extruded by the granulating roller in the granulating mechanism to form the final biomass pellets, which effectively enhances the density of the pellets and prevents the looseness of the pellets, bringing great convenience to the later field return operation.

本发明通过在机架底部设置行走履带，并将进料组件、破碎组件、送料组件、挤压运送组件、制粒机构以及物料仓设置在机架上，使得整个装置从进料、破碎、制粒形成一体结构，并使各结构可以移动，从而可以使直接在农田进行使用，不必将秸秆收集后进行定点作业，极大的方便了秸秆制粒还田的作业。The present invention arranges walking crawlers at the bottom of the frame, and arranges a feeding component, a crushing component, a feeding component, an extrusion and conveying component, a granulating mechanism and a material bin on the frame, so that the entire device from feeding, crushing and granulating forms an integrated structure, and each structure can be moved, so that it can be directly used in the farmland without the need to collect the straw and then perform fixed-point operations, which greatly facilitates the operation of granulating the straw and returning it to the field.

附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

图1为本发明结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

图2为安装板俯视结构示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the top view of the mounting plate;

图3为破碎辊结构示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the crushing roller structure;

图4为制粒辊结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a granulating roller.

其中，1、行走履带；2、机架；3、安装板；4、链轮；5、链条；6、拨料爪；7、送料壳体；8、送料辊；9、调节气缸；10、破碎辊；1001、破碎齿；11、送料通道；12、送料风机；13、连接管；14、转动送料通道；15、第一齿轮；16、旋转驱动电机；17、接料斗；18、挤压壳体；19、绞龙；20、绞龙电机；21、制粒壳体；2101、刮板；2102、第一弹簧；2103、限位板；22、制粒辊；2201、制粒凹槽；2202、脱粒滑块；2203、第二弹簧；2204、转动半轴；2205、固定半轴；23、传送带；24、物料仓。Among them, 1. walking crawler; 2. frame; 3. mounting plate; 4. sprocket; 5. chain; 6. material removal claw; 7. feeding shell; 8. feeding roller; 9. adjusting cylinder; 10. crushing roller; 1001, crushing tooth; 11. feeding channel; 12. feeding fan; 13. connecting pipe; 14. rotating feeding channel; 15. first gear; 16. rotating drive motor; 17. receiving hopper; 18. extrusion shell; 19. auger; 20. auger motor; 21. granulating shell; 2101, scraper; 2102, first spring; 2103, limit plate; 22, granulating roller; 2201, granulating groove; 2202, threshing slider; 2203, second spring; 2204, rotating half shaft; 2205, fixed half shaft; 23, conveyor belt; 24, material bin.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

参照图1-4所示，本发明提供一种移动式秸秆粉碎制粒一体化设备，包括机架2，机架2底部安装有行走履带1，机架2上方依次安装有进料组件、破碎组件、送料组件、挤压运送组件、制粒机构以及物料仓24，制粒机构出口端与物料仓24顶部之间设有传送带23；1-4, the present invention provides a mobile straw crushing and granulating integrated equipment, including a frame 2, a walking crawler 1 is installed at the bottom of the frame 2, a feeding component, a crushing component, a feeding component, an extrusion and conveying component, a granulating mechanism and a material bin 24 are installed above the frame 2 in sequence, and a conveyor belt 23 is provided between the outlet end of the granulating mechanism and the top of the material bin 24;

破碎组件下方与送料组件连通，送料组件的出口端位于挤压运送组件进口端上方，挤压运送组件出口端位于制粒机构进口端上方；The lower part of the crushing component is connected with the feeding component, the outlet end of the feeding component is located above the inlet end of the extrusion conveying component, and the outlet end of the extrusion conveying component is located above the inlet end of the granulation mechanism;

制粒机构包括固定连接在机架2顶部的制粒壳体21，制粒壳体21内转动连接有两个制粒辊22，两个制粒辊22侧壁设有制粒结构，制粒结构内设有脱粒结构，两个制粒辊22端部相互啮合。The granulating mechanism comprises a granulating shell 21 fixedly connected to the top of the frame 2, two granulating rollers 22 are rotatably connected in the granulating shell 21, the side walls of the two granulating rollers 22 are provided with a granulating structure, a threshing structure is provided in the granulating structure, and the ends of the two granulating rollers 22 are meshed with each other.

本发明通过在机架2底部设置行走履带1，并将进料组件、破碎组件、送料组件、挤压运送组件、制粒机构以及物料仓24设置在机架2上，使得整个装置从进料、破碎、制粒形成一体结构，并使各结构可以移动，从而可以使直接在农田进行使用，不必将秸秆收集后进行定点作业，极大的方便了秸秆制粒还田的作业。The present invention arranges a walking crawler 1 at the bottom of the frame 2, and arranges a feeding component, a crushing component, a feeding component, an extrusion and conveying component, a granulating mechanism and a material bin 24 on the frame 2, so that the entire device from feeding, crushing and granulating forms an integrated structure, and each structure can be moved, so that it can be used directly in the farmland without the need to collect the straw and perform fixed-point operations, which greatly facilitates the operation of straw granulation and returning to the field.

在使用时，通过进料组件将秸秆送至破碎组件，对秸秆实现破碎，并将破碎后的秸秆通过送料组件送至挤压运送组件，破碎后的秸秆在挤压运送组件内经过初步挤压后，减小了秸秆的蓬松程度，然后再经过制粒机构内制粒辊22的挤压，制成最终的生物质颗粒，有效的增强了颗粒的致密性，防止颗粒的松散，对后期还田作业带来极大的方便。When in use, the straw is sent to the crushing component through the feeding component to be crushed, and the crushed straw is sent to the extrusion and transportation component through the feeding component. The crushed straw is initially extruded in the extrusion and transportation component to reduce the fluffiness of the straw, and then it is extruded by the granulating roller 22 in the granulating mechanism to form the final biomass pellets, which effectively enhances the density of the pellets and prevents the looseness of the pellets, bringing great convenience to the later field return operation.

行走履带1可采用现有的发动机驱动履带的方式进行驱动，该技术为现有技术，在此不再赘述。The walking crawler 1 can be driven by the existing engine-driven crawler, which is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

进一步优化方案，制粒结构包括开设在制粒辊22外侧壁的若干制粒凹槽2201，两个制粒辊22上的制粒凹槽2201相互对应设置，脱粒结构活动设置在制粒凹槽2201内。According to a further optimization scheme, the granulation structure includes a plurality of granulation grooves 2201 provided on the outer side wall of the granulation roller 22 , the granulation grooves 2201 on the two granulation rollers 22 are arranged corresponding to each other, and the threshing structure is movably arranged in the granulation grooves 2201 .

进一步优化方案，脱粒结构包括沿制粒辊22半径方向滑动设置的脱粒滑块2202，脱粒滑块2202滑动连接在制粒凹槽2201内，脱粒滑块2202远离制粒辊22外侧壁的一端固定连接有连接杆，连接杆滑动穿过制粒凹槽2201底壁，连接杆上固定连接有环形凸起，制粒辊22为中空结构，环形凸起与制粒辊22内壁之间设有第二弹簧2203，第二弹簧2203套设在连接杆外侧，连接杆远离脱粒滑块2202的一端接触设有脱粒驱动部。A further optimized solution is provided, the threshing structure includes a threshing slider 2202 slidingly arranged along the radial direction of the granulating roller 22, the threshing slider 2202 is slidably connected in the granulating groove 2201, and the end of the threshing slider 2202 away from the outer wall of the granulating roller 22 is fixedly connected to a connecting rod, the connecting rod slides through the bottom wall of the granulating groove 2201, and an annular protrusion is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, the granulating roller 22 is a hollow structure, and a second spring 2203 is provided between the annular protrusion and the inner wall of the granulating roller 22, the second spring 2203 is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod, and the end of the connecting rod away from the threshing slider 2202 is in contact with a threshing drive unit.

进一步优化方案，脱粒驱动部包括转动半轴2204和固定半轴2205，固定半轴2205与制粒辊22转动连接，固定半轴2205一端与制粒壳体21固定连接，转动半轴2204一端穿入固定半轴2205内且与固定半轴2205转动连接，转动半轴2204另一端与制粒辊22固定连接，转动半轴2204转动连接在制粒壳体21侧壁上，两个制粒辊22内的固定半轴2205对称设置，固定半轴2205位于制粒辊22内部的截面为凸轮结构，凸轮结构的截面中线与水平面夹角为锐角。A further optimized solution is provided, wherein the threshing drive unit comprises a rotating half-shaft 2204 and a fixed half-shaft 2205, wherein the fixed half-shaft 2205 is rotatably connected to the granulating roller 22, one end of the fixed half-shaft 2205 is fixedly connected to the granulating shell 21, one end of the rotating half-shaft 2204 penetrates into the fixed half-shaft 2205 and is rotatably connected to the fixed half-shaft 2205, the other end of the rotating half-shaft 2204 is fixedly connected to the granulating roller 22, the rotating half-shaft 2204 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the granulating shell 21, the fixed half-shafts 2205 in the two granulating rollers 22 are symmetrically arranged, and the cross-section of the fixed half-shaft 2205 located inside the granulating roller 22 is a cam structure, and the angle between the cross-section midline of the cam structure and the horizontal plane is an acute angle.

转动半轴2204传动连接动力源，动力源可采用发动机、电机等进行驱动，其驱动结构可采用现有的链轮总成、皮带总成、齿轮箱总成进行驱动，两个制粒辊22之间啮合可以采用两个齿轮进行啮合，保证两者之间以不同方向同速转动即可，破碎后的秸秆进入到两个制粒辊22之间后，经过两个制粒辊22的挤压，由于脱粒滑块2202的作用力，在两个制粒凹槽2201之间形成颗粒，随着制粒辊22的转动，连接杆与固定半轴2205接触，当连接杆转动至固定半轴2205的高点位置时，固定半轴2205推动连接杆向外移动，连接杆推动脱粒滑块2202向外 移动，将压制的颗粒推出至制粒凹槽2201外部，随后由于第二弹簧2203的弹力作用脱粒滑块2202复位继续进行下一次压制颗粒的过程。The rotating half shaft 2204 is connected to the power source through transmission. The power source can be driven by an engine, a motor, etc. Its driving structure can be driven by an existing sprocket assembly, a belt assembly, and a gear box assembly. The meshing between the two granulating rollers 22 can be carried out by two gears to ensure that the two rotate at the same speed in different directions. After the crushed straw enters between the two granulating rollers 22, it is squeezed by the two granulating rollers 22. Due to the action of the threshing slider 2202, particles are formed between the two granulating grooves 2201. As the granulating rollers 22 rotate, the connecting rod contacts the fixed half shaft 2205. When the connecting rod rotates to the high point position of the fixed half shaft 2205, the fixed half shaft 2205 pushes the connecting rod to move outward, and the connecting rod pushes the threshing slider 2202 to move outward, pushing the compressed particles to the outside of the granulating groove 2201. Subsequently, due to the elastic force of the second spring 2203, the threshing slider 2202 is reset to continue the next process of compressing particles.

进一步优化方案，进料组件包括安装板3，安装板3倾斜设置，安装板3上转动连接有若干链轮4，两个链轮外侧套设有链条5，链条5外侧安装有拨料爪6，套设有链条5的两个链轮4的连线与设备运行方向平行，机架2上固定连接有送料壳体7，送料壳体7一侧设有开口，送料壳体7的开口侧转动连接有送料辊8，安装板3的高端与送料壳体7的开口侧铰接，安装板3底部与送料壳体7之间铰接有调节气缸9，破碎组件位于送料辊8远离安装板3的一侧下方，破碎组件与送料壳体7转动连接，送料壳体7位于破碎组件下方侧壁与送料组件连通。A further optimization scheme is that the feeding assembly includes a mounting plate 3, which is tilted, and a plurality of sprockets 4 are rotatably connected to the mounting plate 3. Chains 5 are sleeved on the outer sides of the two sprockets, and a material-moving claw 6 is installed on the outer sides of the chain 5. The connecting line of the two sprockets 4 sleeved with the chain 5 is parallel to the running direction of the equipment. A feeding shell 7 is fixedly connected to the frame 2, and an opening is provided on one side of the feeding shell 7. A feeding roller 8 is rotatably connected to the opening side of the feeding shell 7. The high end of the mounting plate 3 is hinged to the opening side of the feeding shell 7, and an adjusting cylinder 9 is hinged between the bottom of the mounting plate 3 and the feeding shell 7. The crushing assembly is located below the side of the feeding roller 8 away from the mounting plate 3, and the crushing assembly is rotatably connected to the feeding shell 7. The feeding shell 7 is located on the side wall below the crushing assembly and is connected to the feeding assembly.

链轮4可采用齿轮组、链轮组的方式与发动机传动连接，保证相邻两个链条5的运行方向相反即可，当两个链条5转动时，拨料爪6可以插入秸秆一部分，在拨料爪6的作用下，将秸秆送入至送料辊8，送料辊8可以采用玉米收割机的喂入器，送料辊8的驱动可以采用链轮组、齿轮组等与发动机传动连接，送料辊8转动将秸秆送入至破碎组件。The sprocket 4 can be connected to the engine transmission in the form of a gear set and a sprocket set to ensure that the running directions of the two adjacent chains 5 are opposite. When the two chains 5 rotate, the material-push claw 6 can be inserted into a part of the straw. Under the action of the material-push claw 6, the straw is fed to the feeding roller 8. The feeding roller 8 can be a feeder of a corn harvester. The drive of the feeding roller 8 can be connected to the engine transmission by a sprocket set, a gear set, etc. The feeding roller 8 rotates to feed the straw into the crushing component.

进一步优化方案，破碎组件包括转动连接在送料壳体7内的两个破碎辊10，两个破碎辊10外侧壁设有若干破碎齿1001，两个破碎辊10上的破碎齿1001相互交错设置，两个破碎辊10的端部相互啮合，两个破碎辊10位于送料辊8远离安装板3的一侧下方。A further optimized solution is that the crushing assembly includes two crushing rollers 10 rotatably connected to the feeding shell 7, and the outer side walls of the two crushing rollers 10 are provided with a plurality of crushing teeth 1001. The crushing teeth 1001 on the two crushing rollers 10 are staggered with each other, and the ends of the two crushing rollers 10 are meshed with each other. The two crushing rollers 10 are located below the side of the feeding roller 8 away from the mounting plate 3.

破碎辊10驱动方式与制粒辊22方式相同，破碎辊10转动，将秸秆粉碎，然后粉碎后的秸秆被送至送料组件内。The crushing roller 10 is driven in the same manner as the granulating roller 22. The crushing roller 10 rotates to crush the straw, and the crushed straw is then fed into the feeding assembly.

进一步优化方案，送料组件包括与送料壳体7侧壁底部连通的送料通道11，送料通道11与送料壳体7连通处位于破碎组件下方，送料通道11底部连通有连接管13的一端，连接管13另一端连通有送料风机12的出口端，送料通道11顶部转动连接有转动送料通道14，转动送料通道14外侧壁固定连接有第一齿轮15，第一齿轮15啮合有第二齿轮，第一齿轮15轴接有旋转驱动电机16的输出轴，旋转驱动电机16与送料通道11外侧壁固定连接，转动送料通道14的出口端位于挤压运送组件进口端上方。A further optimized solution is that the feeding assembly includes a feeding channel 11 connected to the bottom of the side wall of the feeding shell 7, the connection point between the feeding channel 11 and the feeding shell 7 is located below the crushing assembly, the bottom of the feeding channel 11 is connected to one end of a connecting pipe 13, the other end of the connecting pipe 13 is connected to the outlet end of a feeding fan 12, the top of the feeding channel 11 is rotatably connected to a rotating feeding channel 14, the outer side wall of the rotating feeding channel 14 is fixedly connected to a first gear 15, the first gear 15 is meshed with a second gear, the first gear 15 is axially connected to the output shaft of a rotating drive motor 16, the rotating drive motor 16 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the feeding channel 11, and the outlet end of the rotating feeding channel 14 is located above the inlet end of the extrusion conveying assembly.

通过控制送料风机12转动，送料风机12将秸秆吹动至转动送料通道14内，转动送料通道14将秸秆送至挤压运送组件的进口端，通过设置旋转驱动电机16， 旋转驱动电机16转动可以电动第二齿轮转动，第二齿轮带动第一齿轮15转动，第一齿轮15带动转动送料通道14转动，需要收集秸秆进行肥料制作时，可以控制转动送料通道14转动至合适位置，将粉碎后的秸秆不送入挤压运送组件，将其送入货车车斗内，直接进行转运，为秸秆的其他利用方式带来便利。By controlling the feeding fan 12 to rotate, the feeding fan 12 blows the straw into the rotating feeding channel 14, and the rotating feeding channel 14 sends the straw to the inlet end of the extrusion and conveying component. By setting a rotary drive motor 16, the rotation of the rotary drive motor 16 can electrically rotate the second gear, and the second gear drives the first gear 15 to rotate, and the first gear 15 drives the rotating feeding channel 14 to rotate. When it is necessary to collect straw for fertilizer production, the rotating feeding channel 14 can be controlled to rotate to a suitable position, and the crushed straw is not sent into the extrusion and conveying component, but is sent into the truck bed for direct transportation, which brings convenience to other ways of utilizing the straw.

进一步优化方案，挤压运送组件包括固定连接在机架2上的挤压壳体18，挤压壳体18的出口端为锥形结构，挤压壳体18小端位于出口端，挤压壳体18内转动连接有绞龙19，绞龙19外部轮廓与挤压壳体18内壁轮廓相匹配，绞龙19远离挤压壳体18出口端的一端与挤压壳体18转动连接，绞龙19轴接有绞龙电机20的输出轴，绞龙电机20与挤压壳体18固定连接。A further optimized solution is that the extrusion conveying assembly includes an extrusion shell 18 fixedly connected to the frame 2, the outlet end of the extrusion shell 18 is a conical structure, the small end of the extrusion shell 18 is located at the outlet end, an auger 19 is rotatably connected inside the extrusion shell 18, the outer contour of the auger 19 matches the inner wall contour of the extrusion shell 18, the end of the auger 19 away from the outlet end of the extrusion shell 18 is rotatably connected to the extrusion shell 18, the shaft of the auger 19 is connected to the output shaft of the auger motor 20, and the auger motor 20 is fixedly connected to the extrusion shell 18.

绞龙电机20转动带动绞龙19转动，由于挤压壳体18出口端采用锥形结构，当秸秆经过这部分结构时候，会被初步挤压，待进行造粒时，由于秸秆已经经过一次挤压，造粒过程中可以保证颗粒的紧密性更高，防止颗粒出现松散。The rotation of the auger motor 20 drives the auger 19 to rotate. Since the outlet end of the extrusion shell 18 adopts a conical structure, when the straw passes through this part of the structure, it will be initially squeezed. When granulation is performed, since the straw has been squeezed once, the compactness of the particles can be guaranteed to be higher during the granulation process to prevent the particles from becoming loose.

进一步优化方案，制粒壳体21内侧壁转动连接有两个刮板2101的一端，两个刮板2101对称设置，刮板2101另一端与对应的制粒辊22外侧相接触，刮板2101位于制粒辊22下方，刮板2101底壁与制粒壳体21内壁之间固定连接有第一弹簧2102，制粒壳体21内壁固定连接有限位板2103，限位板2103底边与刮板2101顶边相接触。A further optimized solution is that the inner side wall of the granulation shell 21 is rotatably connected to one end of two scrapers 2101, the two scrapers 2101 are symmetrically arranged, the other end of the scraper 2101 is in contact with the outer side of the corresponding granulation roller 22, the scraper 2101 is located below the granulation roller 22, and a first spring 2102 is fixedly connected between the bottom wall of the scraper 2101 and the inner wall of the granulation shell 21, and the inner wall of the granulation shell 21 is fixedly connected to a limit plate 2103, and the bottom edge of the limit plate 2103 is in contact with the top edge of the scraper 2101.

通过设置刮板2101可以将制粒辊22上残留的秸秆刮下，防止黏连在制粒辊22外侧，设置限位板2103的目的是为了防止刮板2101回弹时过度回弹，导致刮板2101卡在制粒凹槽2201内。The scraper 2101 can be used to scrape off the residual straw on the granulation roller 22 to prevent it from sticking to the outside of the granulation roller 22. The purpose of setting the limit plate 2103 is to prevent the scraper 2101 from excessively rebounding when it rebounds, causing the scraper 2101 to be stuck in the granulation groove 2201.

在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

以上所述的实施例仅是对本发明的优选方式进行描述，并非对本发明的范围进行限定，在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下，本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变形和改进，均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

一种移动式秸秆粉碎制粒一体化设备，其特征在于，包括机架(2)，所述机架(2)底部安装有行走履带(1)，所述机架(2)上方依次安装有进料组件、破碎组件、送料组件、挤压运送组件、制粒机构以及物料仓(24)，所述制粒机构出口端与所述物料仓(24)顶部之间设有传送带(23)；A mobile straw crushing and granulating integrated equipment, characterized in that it comprises a frame (2), a walking crawler (1) is installed at the bottom of the frame (2), a feeding component, a crushing component, a feeding component, an extrusion and conveying component, a granulating mechanism and a material bin (24) are installed in sequence above the frame (2), and a conveyor belt (23) is provided between the outlet end of the granulating mechanism and the top of the material bin (24); 所述破碎组件下方与所述送料组件连通，所述送料组件的出口端位于所述挤压运送组件进口端上方，所述挤压运送组件出口端位于所述制粒机构进口端上方；The crushing component is connected to the feeding component at the bottom, the outlet end of the feeding component is located above the inlet end of the extrusion conveying component, and the outlet end of the extrusion conveying component is located above the inlet end of the granulating mechanism; 所述制粒机构包括固定连接在机架(2)顶部的制粒壳体(21)，所述制粒壳体(21)内转动连接有两个制粒辊(22)，两个所述制粒辊(22)侧壁设有制粒结构，所述制粒结构内设有脱粒结构，两个所述制粒辊(22)端部相互啮合。The granulating mechanism comprises a granulating shell (21) fixedly connected to the top of a frame (2), two granulating rollers (22) rotatably connected in the granulating shell (21), a granulating structure is provided on the side walls of the two granulating rollers (22), a threshing structure is provided in the granulating structure, and the ends of the two granulating rollers (22) are meshed with each other. 根据权利要求1所述的一种移动式秸秆粉碎制粒一体化设备，其特征在于，所述制粒结构包括开设在所述制粒辊(22)外侧壁的若干制粒凹槽(2201)，两个所述制粒辊(22)上的所述制粒凹槽(2201)相互对应设置，所述脱粒结构活动设置在所述制粒凹槽(2201)内。The mobile straw crushing and granulation integrated equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that the granulation structure includes a plurality of granulation grooves (2201) opened on the outer wall of the granulation roller (22), the granulation grooves (2201) on the two granulation rollers (22) are arranged corresponding to each other, and the threshing structure is movably arranged in the granulation grooves (2201). 根据权利要求2所述的一种移动式秸秆粉碎制粒一体化设备，其特征在于，所述脱粒结构包括沿所述制粒辊(22)半径方向滑动设置的脱粒滑块(2202)，所述脱粒滑块(2202)滑动连接在所述制粒凹槽(2201)内，所述脱粒滑块(2202)远离所述制粒辊(22)外侧壁的一端固定连接有连接杆，所述连接杆滑动穿过所述制粒凹槽(2201)底壁，所述连接杆上固定连接有环形凸起，所述制粒辊(22)为中空结构，所述环形凸起与所述制粒辊(22)内壁之间设有第二弹簧(2203)，所述第二弹簧(2203)套设在所述连接杆外侧，所述连接杆远离所述脱粒滑块(2202)的一端接触设有脱粒驱动部。A mobile straw crushing and granulation integrated equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that the threshing structure includes a threshing slider (2202) slidingly arranged along the radial direction of the granulation roller (22), the threshing slider (2202) is slidably connected in the granulation groove (2201), and the end of the threshing slider (2202) away from the outer wall of the granulation roller (22) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod, the connecting rod slides through the bottom wall of the granulation groove (2201), and an annular protrusion is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, the granulation roller (22) is a hollow structure, and a second spring (2203) is provided between the annular protrusion and the inner wall of the granulation roller (22), and the second spring (2203) is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod, and the end of the connecting rod away from the threshing slider (2202) is in contact with a threshing drive unit. 根据权利要求3所述的一种移动式秸秆粉碎制粒一体化设备，其特征在于，所述脱粒驱动部包括转动半轴(2204)和固定半轴(2205)，所述固定半轴(2205)与所述制粒辊(22)转动连接，所述固定半轴(2205)一端与所述制粒壳体(21)固定连接，所述转动半轴(2204)一端穿入所述固定半轴(2205)内且与所述固定半轴(2205)转动连接，所述转动半轴(2204)另一端与所述制粒辊(22)固定连接，所述转动半轴(2204)转动连接在所述制粒壳体(21)侧壁上，两个所述制粒辊(22)内的所述固定半轴(2205)对称设置，所述固定半轴 (2205)位于所述制粒辊(22)内部的截面为凸轮结构，所述凸轮结构的截面中线与水平面夹角为锐角。A mobile straw crushing and granulation integrated equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that the threshing drive unit includes a rotating half shaft (2204) and a fixed half shaft (2205), the fixed half shaft (2205) is rotatably connected to the granulation roller (22), one end of the fixed half shaft (2205) is fixedly connected to the granulation shell (21), one end of the rotating half shaft (2204) penetrates into the fixed half shaft (2205) and is rotatably connected to the fixed half shaft (2205), the other end of the rotating half shaft (2204) is fixedly connected to the granulation roller (22), the rotating half shaft (2204) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the granulation shell (21), the fixed half shafts (2205) in the two granulation rollers (22) are symmetrically arranged, the cross section of the fixed half shaft (2205) located inside the granulation roller (22) is a cam structure, and the angle between the cross section midline of the cam structure and the horizontal plane is an acute angle. 根据权利要求1所述的一种移动式秸秆粉碎制粒一体化设备，其特征在于，所述进料组件包括安装板(3)，所述安装板(3)倾斜设置，所述安装板(3)上转动连接有若干链轮(4)，两个链轮外侧套设有链条(5)，所述链条(5)外侧安装有拨料爪(6)，套设有所述链条(5)的两个所述链轮(4)的连线与设备运行方向平行，所述机架(2)上固定连接有送料壳体(7)，所述送料壳体(7)一侧设有开口，所述送料壳体(7)的开口侧转动连接有送料辊(8)，所述安装板(3)的高端与所述送料壳体(7)的开口侧铰接，所述安装板(3)底部与所述送料壳体(7)之间铰接有调节气缸(9)，所述破碎组件位于所述送料辊(8)远离所述安装板(3)的一侧下方，所述破碎组件与所述送料壳体(7)转动连接，所述送料壳体(7)位于所述破碎组件下方侧壁与所述送料组件连通。The mobile straw crushing and granulation integrated equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that the feeding assembly includes a mounting plate (3), the mounting plate (3) is tilted, a plurality of sprockets (4) are rotatably connected to the mounting plate (3), a chain (5) is sleeved on the outer side of two sprockets, a material-moving claw (6) is installed on the outer side of the chain (5), and the connection line of the two sprockets (4) sleeved with the chain (5) is parallel to the running direction of the equipment, and a feeding shell (7) is fixedly connected to the frame (2), and the feeding shell ( 7) is provided with an opening on one side, a feeding roller (8) is rotatably connected to the opening side of the feeding shell (7), a high end of the mounting plate (3) is hinged to the opening side of the feeding shell (7), an adjusting cylinder (9) is hinged between the bottom of the mounting plate (3) and the feeding shell (7), the crushing assembly is located below the side of the feeding roller (8) away from the mounting plate (3), the crushing assembly is rotatably connected to the feeding shell (7), and the side wall of the feeding shell (7) located below the crushing assembly is connected to the feeding assembly. 根据权利要求5所述的一种移动式秸秆粉碎制粒一体化设备，其特征在于，所述破碎组件包括转动连接在所述送料壳体(7)内的两个破碎辊(10)，两个所述破碎辊(10)外侧壁设有若干破碎齿(1001)，两个所述破碎辊(10)上的所述破碎齿(1001)相互交错设置，两个所述破碎辊(10)的端部相互啮合，两个所述破碎辊(10)位于所述送料辊(8)远离所述安装板(3)的一侧下方。The mobile straw crushing and granulation integrated equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that the crushing component includes two crushing rollers (10) rotatably connected to the feeding shell (7), the outer side walls of the two crushing rollers (10) are provided with a plurality of crushing teeth (1001), the crushing teeth (1001) on the two crushing rollers (10) are staggered, the ends of the two crushing rollers (10) are meshed with each other, and the two crushing rollers (10) are located below the side of the feeding roller (8) away from the mounting plate (3). 根据权利要求5所述的一种移动式秸秆粉碎制粒一体化设备，其特征在于，所述送料组件包括与所述送料壳体(7)侧壁底部连通的送料通道(11)，所述送料通道(11)与所述送料壳体(7)连通处位于所述破碎组件下方，所述送料通道(11)底部连通有连接管(13)的一端，所述连接管(13)另一端连通有送料风机(12)的出口端，所述送料通道(11)顶部转动连接有转动送料通道(14)，所述转动送料通道(14)外侧壁固定连接有第一齿轮(15)，所述第一齿轮(15)啮合有第二齿轮，所述第一齿轮(15)轴接有旋转驱动电机(16)的输出轴，所述旋转驱动电机(16)与所述送料通道(11)外侧壁固定连接，所述转动送料通道(14)的出口端位于所述挤压运送组件进口端上方。The mobile straw crushing and granulating integrated equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that the feeding component includes a feeding channel (11) connected to the bottom of the side wall of the feeding shell (7), the connection point between the feeding channel (11) and the feeding shell (7) is located below the crushing component, the bottom of the feeding channel (11) is connected to one end of a connecting pipe (13), the other end of the connecting pipe (13) is connected to the outlet end of a feeding fan (12), the top of the feeding channel (11) is rotatably connected to a rotating feeding channel (14), the outer side wall of the rotating feeding channel (14) is fixedly connected to a first gear (15), the first gear (15) is meshed with a second gear, the first gear (15) is axially connected to the output shaft of a rotating drive motor (16), the rotating drive motor (16) is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the feeding channel (11), and the outlet end of the rotating feeding channel (14) is located above the inlet end of the extrusion and conveying component. 根据权利要求1所述的一种移动式秸秆粉碎制粒一体化设备，其特征在于，所述挤压运送组件包括固定连接在所述机架(2)上的挤压壳体(18)，所述挤压壳体(18)的出口端为锥形结构，所述挤压壳体(18)小端位于出口端，所 述挤压壳体(18)内转动连接有绞龙(19)，所述绞龙(19)外部轮廓与所述挤压壳体(18)内壁轮廓相匹配，所述绞龙(19)远离所述挤压壳体(18)出口端的一端与所述挤压壳体(18)转动连接，所述绞龙(19)轴接有绞龙电机(20)的输出轴，所述绞龙电机(20)与所述挤压壳体(18)固定连接。The mobile straw crushing and granulation integrated equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that the extrusion and conveying component includes an extrusion shell (18) fixedly connected to the frame (2), the outlet end of the extrusion shell (18) is a conical structure, the small end of the extrusion shell (18) is located at the outlet end, an auger (19) is rotatably connected inside the extrusion shell (18), the outer contour of the auger (19) matches the inner wall contour of the extrusion shell (18), the end of the auger (19) away from the outlet end of the extrusion shell (18) is rotatably connected to the extrusion shell (18), the auger (19) is connected to the output shaft of the auger motor (20), and the auger motor (20) is fixedly connected to the extrusion shell (18). 根据权利要求2所述的一种移动式秸秆粉碎制粒一体化设备，其特征在于，所述制粒壳体(21)内侧壁转动连接有两个刮板(2101)的一端，两个所述刮板(2101)对称设置，所述刮板(2101)另一端与对应的所述制粒辊(22)外侧相接触，所述刮板(2101)位于所述制粒辊(22)下方，所述刮板(2101)底壁与所述制粒壳体(21)内壁之间固定连接有第一弹簧(2102)，所述制粒壳体(21)内壁固定连接有限位板(2103)，所述限位板(2103)底边与所述刮板(2101)顶边相接触。The mobile straw crushing and granulation integrated equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that the inner side wall of the granulation shell (21) is rotatably connected to one end of two scrapers (2101), the two scrapers (2101) are symmetrically arranged, and the other end of the scraper (2101) is in contact with the outer side of the corresponding granulation roller (22), the scraper (2101) is located below the granulation roller (22), and a first spring (2102) is fixedly connected between the bottom wall of the scraper (2101) and the inner wall of the granulation shell (21), and a limiting plate (2103) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the granulation shell (21), and the bottom edge of the limiting plate (2103) is in contact with the top edge of the scraper (2101).
PCT/CN2022/126074 2022-10-19 2022-10-19 Movable straw crushing and pelletizing integrated apparatus Ceased WO2024082160A1 (en)

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CN118892895A (en) * 2024-10-09 2024-11-05 大连海洋大学 Turmeric crushing equipment for curcumin extraction and use method
CN118976579A (en) * 2024-10-18 2024-11-19 山东省农业科学院 A raw material crusher for preparing apple organic fertilizer
CN119344085A (en) * 2024-11-21 2025-01-24 九方泰禾国际重工(青岛)股份有限公司 Harvesting and processing equipment for automatically collecting and processing corn stalks
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CN119366359A (en) * 2024-12-27 2025-01-28 湖南维燕机械科技有限公司 A multifunctional straw mower
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