WO2024077900A1 - 一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024077900A1
WO2024077900A1 PCT/CN2023/087286 CN2023087286W WO2024077900A1 WO 2024077900 A1 WO2024077900 A1 WO 2024077900A1 CN 2023087286 W CN2023087286 W CN 2023087286W WO 2024077900 A1 WO2024077900 A1 WO 2024077900A1
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Prior art keywords
grouting
box
water
test
pipe
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘伟韬
吴海凤
孟祥喜
赵吉园
杜衍辉
庞立夫
韩梦珂
李耀华
宋伟国
李�浩
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Priority to US18/691,990 priority Critical patent/US12117423B2/en
Publication of WO2024077900A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024077900A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
    • G01N3/565—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion of granular or particulate material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
    • G01N13/04—Investigating osmotic effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
    • G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
    • G01N2013/003—Diffusion; diffusivity between liquids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
    • G01N2203/0222—Temperature
    • G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
    • G01N2203/0236—Other environments
    • G01N2203/0242—With circulation of a fluid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0284—Bulk material, e.g. powders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0694—Temperature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of permeability testing, in particular to a rock grouting and water blocking testing device and method under mining coupling conditions.
  • Grouting water blocking technology is one of the effective measures to prevent and control mine water hazards and ensure safe mining.
  • the quality of grouting effect will be affected by many factors.
  • the research on the factors affecting the grouting effect generally focuses on the research on water pressure and flow rate, while the test of the performance of grouting materials does not take into account the influence of the coupling effect of temperature and water quality on its mechanical properties and the influence of the coupling effect of temperature, crack width, angle and roughness on the diffusion law of grouting materials, nor does it consider the influence of the combined effect of temperature, water quality, grouting pressure, water pressure and water flow on the grouting effect. Therefore, on the basis of the existing technology, it is necessary to carry out the test of the performance of grouting materials and the grouting water blocking effect under the coupling effect of multiple factors, so as to provide a reliable basis for the safe mining of coal mines.
  • the present invention provides a rock grouting water blocking test device and method under mining coupling conditions, and the specific technical scheme is as follows.
  • a rock grouting and water blocking test device under mining coupling conditions comprising a solution box, a test box, a pressure plate replacement box, a grouting pump, a recovery pool and a water pump, wherein the solution box is connected to the test box through an injection pipe, the bottom of the test box is connected to the pressure plate replacement box, the pressure plate replacement box is connected to the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is connected to the control panel; a longitudinal pressure plate, a transverse pressure plate, a temperature sensor, a weight sensor and a stress sensor are arranged in the test box; cracks and scales are arranged on the longitudinal pressure plate at the bottom of the test box, a cover plate is arranged on the top of the test box, a plurality of injection holes are arranged on the cover plate, and one or more injection holes are connected to the solution box through an injection pipe; a drainage hole and a plurality of grouting holes are arranged on the left side panel of the test box, a plurality of water injection holes are arranged on the right side panel, and the water injection holes
  • a pressure gauge is installed on the grouting pipe, and a water pressure gauge and a flow meter are installed on the drainage pipe and the water injection pipe; valves are installed on the injection pipe, grouting pipe, drainage pipe and water injection pipe.
  • a plurality of openings are arranged on the longitudinal pressing plate, and the positions of the openings are opposite to the positions of the injection holes on the cover plate; a hydraulic support is arranged in the middle of the cover plate, and the hydraulic support connects the cover plate and the longitudinal pressing plate.
  • the weight sensor is arranged at the center position of the longitudinal pressure plate at the bottom of the test box, the longitudinal pressure plate is connected to the rotatable roller through connecting bolts, and the rotatable roller is provided with a groove; the temperature sensor is arranged inside the test box.
  • test box and the pressure plate replacement box are coated with a thermal insulation layer, and the pressure plate replacement box is provided with a box door.
  • a grouting material diffusion test method using the above-mentioned rock grouting water blocking test device under mining coupling conditions, the steps include:
  • a grouting material strength test method using the above-mentioned rock grouting water blocking test device under mining coupling conditions, the steps include:
  • the corks are used to seal some of the injection holes, and then one or more valves on the injection pipes are opened to conduct a local or overall leaching experiment;
  • a method for testing the anti-dispersion of grouting materials, using the above-mentioned rock grouting water blocking test device under mining coupling conditions The steps include:
  • a method for testing rock grouting and water blocking under mining coupling conditions using the above-mentioned rock grouting and water blocking test device under mining coupling conditions, comprising the following steps:
  • the beneficial effect of the rock grouting and water blocking test device and method under mining coupling conditions is that the test device is used to realize the grouting and water blocking effect test of broken rocks of different types and sizes, and the difference between the grouting and water blocking effects of different types of broken rocks in the mine rock formation can be simulated, so as to find more suitable grouting materials according to the rock type; when using the device for testing, by configuring ion solutions of different concentrations, adjusting the temperature in the test box and replacing the longitudinal pressure plate on the top of the box by replacing and rotating the pressure plate, the influence of the coupling effect of temperature and water quality on the mechanical properties of the grouting material and the influence of the coupling effect of temperature, crack width, angle and roughness on the diffusion law of the grouting material can be studied; in addition, the device can also be used to control the temperature, water pressure and water flow of the injected water, so as to facilitate the study of the anti-dispersion property of the grouting material; by controlling the temperature in the test box, the concentration of the ion solution and
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rock grouting and water blocking test device under mining coupling conditions
  • FIG2 is a top view of the interior of the test box and the pressure plate replacement box
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the left panel structure
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the right side panel structure
  • a rock stratum grouting and water blocking test device under mining coupling conditions comprises a solution box 1, a test box 2, a pressure plate replacement box 5, a grouting pump 3, a recovery pool 4 and a water pump 7.
  • the solution box 1 is used to prepare solutions of different concentrations, and its measurement accuracy is between 0.001 and 0.01%.
  • the test box 2 and the pressure plate replacement box 5 cooperate to carry out grouting tests, and single factor and multi-factor tests of grouting materials and grouting effects can be carried out.
  • the grouting pump 3 and the water pump 7 control the parameters of water injection and grouting during the test.
  • the solution box 1 is connected to the test box through a liquid injection pipe, the bottom of the test box 2 is connected to the pressure plate replacement box, the pressure plate replacement box 5 is connected to the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is connected to the control panel.
  • the test box 2 is provided with a longitudinal pressing plate 14, a transverse pressing plate 23, a temperature sensor 15, a weight sensor 24 and a stress sensor 35.
  • the longitudinal pressing plate at the bottom of the test box 2 is provided with cracks and scales, and is connected to the pressing plate replacement box through the longitudinal pressing plate 14.
  • the top of the test box 2 is provided with a cover plate, and a plurality of injection holes 12 are provided on the cover plate. One or more injection holes are connected to the solution tank 1 through the injection pipe 9.
  • the specific connection conditions are determined according to the test needs, and the unconnected positions can be sealed with a wooden plug.
  • the left panel of the test box 2 is provided with a drainage hole and a plurality of grouting holes 12, and the right panel is provided with a plurality of water injection holes 33.
  • the water injection holes 33 are connected to the water pump 7 through the water injection pipe 34.
  • the drainage hole 22 is connected to the recovery pool 4 through the drainage pipe 21, and one or more grouting holes are connected to the grouting pump 3 through the grouting pipe 17.
  • the specific connection conditions are determined according to the test needs, and the unconnected positions can be sealed with a wooden plug.
  • the grouting pipe 17 is equipped with a pressure gauge to directly reflect the pressure of the injected slurry.
  • the drainage pipe 21 and the water injection pipe 34 are equipped with a water pressure gauge and a flow meter.
  • the water pressure gauge 19 and the flow meter 20 on the water injection pipe 34 can directly reflect the pressure and flow of the injected water, so as to study the influence of the grouting pressure, water pressure and water flow on the grouting effect; the water pressure gauge and the flow meter on the drainage pipe 21 can evaluate the grouting water blocking effect according to their readings.
  • a valve is installed, through which the range of water injection and grouting can be controlled.
  • the weight sensor 24 is set at the center of the longitudinal pressure plate at the bottom of the test box.
  • the temperature sensor 15 is set inside the test box 2, and the temperature control range of the test box 2 is 15-65°C.
  • the water pressure of the water pump control is 0.1-1.1MPa
  • the grouting pressure of the grouting pump is 0.2-1.2MPa
  • the water flow rate is 4-14m3/s.
  • the longitudinal pressing plate 14 is connected to the rotatable roller 26 by connecting bolts 25, and a groove is provided on the rotatable roller 26.
  • the loading speed of the longitudinal pressing plate 14 and the transverse pressing plate 23 is 0.2 kN/s.
  • the longitudinal pressing plate 14 is detachably installed, wherein a plurality of openings are provided on the longitudinal pressing plate 14, and the positions of the openings are opposite to the positions of the injection holes 12 on the cover plate.
  • a hydraulic support 13 is provided in the middle of the cover plate, and the hydraulic support 13 connects the cover plate and the longitudinal pressing plate.
  • a crack and a scale are provided on the longitudinal pressing plate 14.
  • the test box 2 and the pressure plate replacement box 5 are coated with an insulation layer.
  • the pressure plate replacement box 5 is provided with a box door 29, and a handle 30 can also be provided on the box door.
  • the length*width*height of the test box is 400*400*400mm.
  • the surfaces of the test box 2 are made of stainless steel.
  • a movable stainless steel cover is provided on the top of the test box 2. The cover is connected to the test box 2 through a strong magnetic strip.
  • the test box 2 is surrounded by an insulation layer to achieve the airtightness of the test box 2.
  • the size of the injection hole 12 on the cover of the test box 2 is There are 18 holes in total, which are evenly arranged on the cover plate in three rows and six columns.
  • the size of the grouting hole 18 on the left side panel of the test box 2 is There are 9 in total, which are evenly arranged in three rows and three columns on the left side panel of the test box 2.
  • the size of the water injection hole 33 on the right side panel of the test box 2 is There are 9 in total, evenly arranged in three rows and three columns on the right side panel of test box 2.
  • a single chip microcomputer is provided in the control panel 6 for real-time control.
  • a liquid crystal display screen 31 and control buttons 32 are provided on the front side of the control panel 6.
  • the single chip microcomputer is connected to the concentration sensor 8, the hydraulic support 13, the temperature sensor 15, the weight sensor 24, the roller 26, the liquid crystal display screen 31, the control buttons 32 and the stress sensor 35.
  • a grouting material diffusion test method is used to test the diffusion law of grouting materials. Using the above-mentioned rock grouting water blocking test device under mining coupling conditions, the steps include:
  • the specific operation of the test device is as follows: open the cover, take out the longitudinal pressing plate 14 in the test box 2, install the stainless steel glass plate, and seal the stainless steel glass plate and the test box 2 with a sealing strip; at the same time, use the grouting pump 3 to inject slurry into the test box 2 through the grouting pipe 17 and the grouting hole 18, plug the unused grouting hole 18 with a cork, and stop grouting when the slurry is just flush with the crack on the longitudinal pressing plate 14 on the top of the pressing plate replacement box 5; heat the test box 2 and stop heating it after reaching the set temperature; open the valve 10 on the recovery pool 4, rotate the longitudinal pressing plate 14 on the top of the pressing plate replacement box 5, stop rotating after reaching the set angle, observe the diffusion law of the grouting material at different temperatures and different crack angles with the naked eye, and record it; the longitudinal pressing plate 14 on the top of the pressing plate replacement box 5 can be replaced according to the set crack width and roughness, so that the diffusion law of the grouting material under different temperatures, different crack angles, widths and rough
  • a grouting material strength test method is used to test the strength of grouting materials. It uses the above-mentioned rock grouting water blocking test device under mining coupling conditions, and the steps include:
  • the corks are used to seal some of the injection holes, and then one or more valves on the injection pipes are opened to conduct a local or overall leaching experiment;
  • test device The specific operation of the test device is to quantitatively control the angle, width and roughness of the cracks, and at the same time use the grouting pump 3 to inject slurry into the test box 2 in 5 layers through the grouting pipe 17 and the grouting hole 18. Each layer of slurry is compacted after injection, and the unused grouting holes 18 are blocked with corks.
  • the grouting is stopped; the valves 10 on the drainage pipe 21 and the water injection pipe 34 are kept closed; 0-2.50 mol/L Cl- or 0-2.50 mol/L SO42- solution is prepared, poured into the solution box 1, and the concentration value is recorded; after the slurry is initially solidified, open one or more valves 10 on the injection pipes 9 to conduct local or overall leaching tests, and block the unused injection holes 12; at the same time, the test box 2 is elevated After the temperature reaches the set temperature, open the horizontal pressing plate 23 and the longitudinal pressing plate 14, record the data, and qualitatively or quantitatively analyze the strength change law of the grouting material under the coupling of temperature and water quality. After the test is completed, clean the solution box 1, open the cover plate, clean the test box 2, and after the test box 2 is dry, connect the test box 2 and the cover plate tightly through a strong magnetic strip, and cover the connection part with an insulation layer.
  • a method for testing the anti-dispersion of grouting materials, using the above-mentioned rock grouting water blocking test device under mining coupling conditions comprises the following steps:
  • the specific operation of the test device is to quantitatively control 0-2.50 mol/L Cl- or 0-2.50 mol/L SO42- solution, keep the crack angle, width and roughness unchanged, and record the value of the weight sensor 24 after the slurry solidifies; connect the water injection pipe 34 to the water injection hole 33 on the test box 2, and plug the unused water injection hole 33 with a cork, record the values of the water pressure gauge 19 and the flow meter 20, heat the test box 2, stop heating when the set temperature is reached, and open the valve 10 on the recovery pool 4 at the same time. After 30 minutes, record the value of the weight sensor 24, calculate the stone retention rate by the weight difference, so as to evaluate the anti-dispersion property of the grouting material. The greater the stone retention rate, the better the anti-dispersion property of the grouting material.
  • a method for testing rock grouting and water blocking under coupled conditions for mining, using the above-mentioned rock grouting and water blocking test device under coupled conditions for mining, comprising the following steps:
  • the specific operation of the test device is to load the broken rocks into the test box 2 through the movable cover plate on the top and the connected longitudinal pressure plate 14, the maximum particle size of which does not exceed 50mm, and the amount of rocks loaded is greater than three-quarters of the volume of the test box 2, and the test box 2 is tightly connected to the cover plate through a strong magnetic strip, and the connection part is covered with an insulation layer; 0-2.50mol/L Cl- or 0-2.50mol/L SO4 is prepared 2- solution, pour the water solution into the solution tank 1, and record the concentration value; open the valve 10 on the drain pipe 21, open the valve 10 on the water injection pipe 34, use the water pump 7 to inject water into the test box 2 through the water injection pipe 34 at the set water pressure, keep the flow of the water injection pipe 34 unchanged at the set water flow rate, and plug the unused water injection holes 33 with corks; heat the test box 2, and stop heating after reaching the set temperature; open the valve 10 on one or more injection pipes 9, and plug the unused injection holes 12, and open the valve 10 on the grout
  • the device and method can test the influence of temperature, water quality, crack width, angle and roughness on the performance of grouting materials under the single factor or multiple factor coupling effect, and can also test the influence of temperature, water quality, water pressure, water flow rate and grouting pressure on the grouting effect under the single factor or multiple factor coupling effect, revealing the influence of different conditions on the performance of grouting materials and the grouting effect, and can be widely used in the field of coal mine grouting water blocking research technology.
  • the above test method also has the advantages of reasonable design and simple operation.

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Abstract

一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置及方法，涉及渗透性测试技术领域。该装置包括溶液箱（1）、试验箱（2）、压板替换箱（5）、注浆泵（3）、回收池（4）和水泵（7），溶液箱（7）通过注液管（9）与试验箱（2）相连，试验箱（2）底部与压板替换箱（5）相连，压板替换箱（5）与底板（28）相连，底板（28）与控制面板（6）相连。利用该装置不仅可以开展温度、水质、裂隙宽度、角度及粗糙度单因素或多因素耦合作用下注浆材料性能影响测试，还可以进行温度、水质、水压、水流量、注浆压力单因素或多因素耦合作用对注浆效果影响测试。利用该装置可以控制温度、注水水压及流量、箱内温度、离子溶液浓度、淋溶面积、注浆压力、水压及水流量等，为注浆材料和注浆效果开展相关的研究提供方便。

Description

一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及渗透性测试技术领域，尤其是一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置及方法。
背景技术
随着矿井开采深度的增加，深部岩层中的岩体所处的环境越来越复杂，内部更易形成微裂纹，且更容易相互贯通，增加了突水灾害发生几率，给煤矿安全生产带来严重威胁。注浆堵水技术是防治矿井水害，保证安全采掘的有效措施之一。
根据现有技术成果，注浆效果的优劣会受到诸多因素的影响，目前对注浆效果的影响因素研究一般集中在对水压及流量的研究，而对注浆材料性能的测试未考虑到温度、水质耦合作用对其力学性能的影响及温度、裂隙宽度、角度及粗糙度耦合作用对注浆材料扩散规律的影响，也未考虑温度、水质、注浆压力、水压及水流量多个因素综合作用对注浆效果的影响。因此，在现有技术的基础上还需要开展多个因素耦合作用下注浆材料性能及注浆堵水效果测试，进而为煤矿安全开采提供可靠依据。
发明内容
为了开展温度、水质、裂隙宽度、角度及粗糙度单因素或多因素耦合作用下注浆材料性能影响测试，以及温度、水质、水压、水流量、注浆压力单因素或多因素耦合作用对注浆效果影响测试；测试过程中更好的控制温度、注水水压及流量、箱内温度、离子溶液浓度、淋溶面积、注浆压力、水压及水流量等因素，本发明提供了一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置及方法，具体的技术方案如下。
一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，包括溶液箱、试验箱、压板替换箱、注浆泵、回收池和水泵，所述溶液箱通过注液管与试验箱相连，试验箱底部与压板替换箱相连，压板替换箱与底板相连，底板与控制面板相连；所述试验箱内设置有纵向压板、横向压板，以及温度传感器、重量传感器及应力传感器；所述试验箱底部的纵向压板上设置有裂隙和刻度，试验箱顶部设置有盖板，所述盖板上设置有多个注液孔，一个或多个注液孔通过注液管与溶液箱连接；试验箱的左侧面板设置有排水孔和多个注浆孔，右侧面板设置有多个注水孔，注水孔通过注水管与水泵相连；所述排水孔通过排水管与回收池相连，一个或多个注浆孔通过注浆管与注浆泵连接。
优选的是，注浆管上安装有压力表，所述排水管及注水管上均安装有水压表及流量计；所述注液管、注浆管、排水管及注水管上均安装有阀门
优选的是，纵向压板上设置有多个开孔，开孔位置与盖板上的注液孔位置相对；所述盖板中部设置有液压支柱，液压支柱连接盖板和纵向压板。
优选的是，纵向压板通过滚轴旋转，调整裂隙的宽度取值为1～3.5mm，裂隙的角度取值为0°～50°，裂隙的粗糙度系数取值为JRC＝8～10、14～16、18～20。
还优选的是，重量传感器设置在试验箱底部的纵向压板的中心位置，所述纵向压板通过连接螺栓与可旋转滚轴连接，可旋转滚轴上设置有凹槽；所述温度传感器设置在试验箱内部。
还优选的是，试验箱和压板替换箱外围包覆有保温层，压板替换箱上设置有箱门。
一种注浆材料扩散试验方法，利用上述的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，步骤包括：
S1.配制水泥基无机注浆浆液，并搅拌均匀；
S2.取出试验箱内的纵向压板，安装不锈钢玻璃板；
S3.软木塞封堵部分注浆孔后，利用注浆泵通过注浆管，由注浆孔向试验箱内注浆；
S4.浆液与压板替换箱顶部的纵向压板的裂隙齐平时停止注浆；
S5.加热试验箱至设定的温度后，打开排水管上的阀门，旋转压板替换箱上方的纵向压板，转动至设定的角度后，观测注浆材料的扩散规律；
S6.打开压板替换箱并清理纵向压板；
S7.更换压板替换箱上方的纵向压板，设置温度、裂隙角度、裂隙宽度、裂隙粗糙度，重复步骤S1-S6分别观测注浆材料的扩散规律。
一种注浆材料强度试验方法，利用上述的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，步骤包括：
S1.配制水泥基无机注浆浆液，并搅拌均匀；
S2.设置裂隙角度、裂隙宽度、裂隙粗糙度，软木塞封堵部分注浆孔后，利用注浆泵通过注浆管，由注浆孔向试验箱内分层注浆，每层注浆完成后将其捣实；
S3.注入浆液量大于试验箱容积的四分之三后停止注浆，保持排水管和注水管上的阀门处于关闭状态；
S4.配置含有Cl-或SO4 2-的溶液，倒入溶液箱后记录其浓度值；
S5.浆液初凝后，软木塞封堵部分注液孔后，打开一个或多个注液管上的阀门，进行局部或整体淋溶实验；
S6.调整试验箱温度至设定温度后，开启横向压板和纵向压板；
S7.分析温度、水质对注浆材料强度的影响。
一种注浆材料抗分散性试验方法，利用上述的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装 置，步骤包括：
S1.配制水泥基无机注浆浆液，并搅拌均匀；
S1.配制水泥基无机注浆浆液，并搅拌均匀；
S2.设置裂隙角度、裂隙宽度、裂隙粗糙度，软木塞封堵部分注浆孔后，利用注浆泵通过注浆管，由注浆孔向试验箱内分层注浆，每层注浆完成后将其捣实；
S3.注入浆液量大于试验箱容积的四分之三后停止注浆，保持排水管和注水管上的阀门处于关闭状态；
S4.配置含有Cl-或SO4 2-的溶液，倒入溶液箱后记录其浓度值；
S5.浆液初凝后记录重量传感器的监测数值；
S6.软木塞封堵部分注水孔后，记录水压表和流量计的数值，调整试验箱温度至设定温度；
S7.打开排水管阀门，30min后记录重量传感器的监测数值；
S8.计算结石留存率评价材料的抗分散性。
一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验方法，利用上述的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，步骤包括：
S1.在试验箱内装入破碎的岩石，岩石量大于试验箱容积的四分之三；
S2.配制水泥基无机注浆浆液，并搅拌均匀,配置含有Cl-或SO42-的溶液，倒入溶液箱后记录其浓度值；
S3.打开排水管上的阀门，设定水压后通过水泵向试验箱中注水，保持注水管流量不变，控制试验箱的温度；
S3.打开注液管上的阀门，同时打开注浆管上的阀门开始注浆，浆液注入试验箱内，直至排水管停止排水后，关闭注液管、注浆管和注水管上的阀门；
S4.浆液凝固后开启横向压板和纵向压板测试强度记录监测数据，分析温度、水质、注浆压力、水压及水流量对注浆堵水的影响。
本发明提供的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置及方法有益效果是，利用试验装置实现了不同类型及大小的破碎岩石的注浆堵水效果试验，并可以模拟矿井岩层中不同类型破碎岩石的注浆堵水效果之间的差异，针对岩石类型找到更合适的注浆材料；利用该装置进行试验时，通过配置不同浓度的离子溶液、调节试验箱内温度及通过更换及旋转压板替换箱顶部纵向压板，从而实现温度、水质耦合作用对注浆材料力学性能影响及温度、裂隙宽度、角度及粗糙度耦合作用对注浆材料扩散规律影响的研究；此外利用该装置还可以控制温度、注入水的水压和水流量，从而方便研究注浆材料的抗分散性；通过控制试验箱内温度、离子溶液浓度及淋溶面积、注浆压力、水压及水流量，从而方便研究温度、水质、注浆压力、水 压及水流量对注浆效果的影响。
附图说明
图1为矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置的结构示意图；
图2为试验箱及压板替换箱内部的俯视图；
图3为左侧面板结构示意图；
图4为右侧面板结构示意图；
图中：1-溶液箱，2-试验箱，3-注浆泵，4-回收池，5-压板替换箱，6-控制面板，7-水泵，8-浓度传感器，9-注液管，10-阀门，11-转接头，12-注液孔，13-液压支柱，14-纵向压板，15-温度传感器，16-压力表，17-注浆管，18-注浆孔，19-水压表，20-流量计，21-排水管，22-排水孔，23-横向压板，24-重量传感器，25-连接螺栓，26-可旋转滚轴，27-凹槽，28-底板，29-箱门，30-把手，31-液晶显示屏，32-控制按键，33-注水孔，34-注水管，35-应力传感器。
具体实施方式
结合图1至图4所示，对本发明提供的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置及方法的具体实施方式进行说明。
一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，包括溶液箱1、试验箱2、压板替换箱5、注浆泵3、回收池4和水泵7，溶液箱1用于配制不同浓度的溶液，其测量精度在0.001～0.01％之间；试验箱2和压板替换箱5配合进行注浆试验，可以进行注浆材料及注浆效果的单一因素及多因素试验，注浆泵3和水泵7控制试验过程中注水和注浆的参数。溶液箱1通过注液管与试验箱相连，试验箱2底部与压板替换箱相连，压板替换箱5与底板相连，底板与控制面板相连。试验箱2内设置有纵向压板14、横向压板23，以及温度传感器15、重量传感器24及应力传感器35，试验箱2底部的纵向压板上设置有裂隙和刻度，通过纵向压板14与压板替换箱相连接，试验箱2顶部设置有盖板，盖板上设置有多个注液孔12，一个或多个注液孔通过注液管9与溶液箱1连接，具体连接情况根据试验需要确定，不连接的位置可以设置木塞封堵。试验箱2的左侧面板设置有排水孔和多个注浆孔12，右侧面板设置有多个注水孔33，注水孔33通过注水管34与水泵7相连。排水孔22通过排水管21与回收池4相连，一个或多个注浆孔通过注浆管17与注浆泵3连接具体连接情况根据试验需要确定，不连接的位置可以设置木塞封堵。
注浆管17上安装有压力表，直观反映注入浆液的压力大小，排水管21及注水管34上均安装有水压表及流量计，注水管34上的水压表19和流量计20可以直观反映注入的水压力及流量的大小，以研究注浆压力、水压及水流量对注浆效果的影响；排水管21上的水压表和流量计可以根据其示数评价注浆堵水效果。注液管9、注浆管17、排水管21及注水管34上均 安装有阀门，通过阀门可以控制注水及注浆的范围。重量传感器24设置在试验箱底部的纵向压板的中心位置。温度传感器15设置在试验箱2的内部，试验箱2控制温度的范围为15～65℃。本实施例中水泵控制水压取值为0.1～1.1MPa，注浆泵的注浆压力取值为0.2～1.2MPa，水流量取值为4～14m3/s。
纵向压板14通过连接螺栓25与可旋转滚轴26连接，可旋转滚轴26上设置有凹槽。纵向压板14和横向压板23的加载速度为0.2kN/s。纵向压板14可拆卸的安装，其中纵向压板14上设置有多个开孔，开孔位置与盖板上的注液孔12位置相对。盖板中部设置有液压支柱13，液压支柱13连接盖板和纵向压板。纵向压板14上设置有裂隙及刻度。压板替换箱顶部的纵向压板可以通过滚轴旋转，调整裂隙的宽度取值为1～3.5mm，裂隙的角度取值为0°～50°，裂隙的粗糙度系数取值可以为JRC＝8～10、14～16、18～20，方便研究裂隙宽度、角度及粗糙度对注浆材料扩散规律的影响。
试验箱2和压板替换箱5外围包覆有保温层，压板替换箱5上设置有箱门29，箱门上还可以设置把手30。本实施例中试验箱的长*宽*高为400*400*400mm，试验箱2的各面均为不锈钢材料，试验箱2顶部设置有可活动不锈钢盖板，盖板通过强力磁条与试验箱2连接，试验箱2周围包覆有保温层以实现试验箱2密闭。试验箱2盖板上注液孔12的尺寸为共计18个，以三行六列的方式均匀布置在盖板上。试验箱2左侧面板上注浆孔18的尺寸为共计9个，以三行三列的方式均匀布置在试验箱2左侧面板上。试验箱2右侧面板上注水孔33的尺寸为共计9个，以三行三列的方式均匀布置在试验箱2右侧面板上。
另外，控制面板6内设置有单片机，用于实时控制，控制面板6前侧设置有液晶显示屏31及控制按键32，单片机与浓度传感器8、液压支柱13、温度传感器15、重量传感器24、滚轴26、液晶显示屏31、控制按键32及应力传感器35相连。
一种注浆材料扩散试验方法，用于测试注浆材料的扩散规律。利用上述的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，步骤包括：
S1.配制水泥基无机注浆浆液，并搅拌均匀，可根据需要选择搅拌器；
S2.取出试验箱内的纵向压板，安装不锈钢玻璃板；
S3.软木塞封堵部分注浆孔后，利用注浆泵通过注浆管，由注浆孔向试验箱内注浆；
S4.浆液与压板替换箱顶部的纵向压板的裂隙齐平时停止注浆；
S5.加热试验箱至设定的温度后，打开排水管上的阀门，旋转压板替换箱上方的纵向压板，转动至设定的角度后，观测注浆材料的扩散规律；
S6.打开压板替换箱并清理纵向压板；
S7.更换压板替换箱上方的纵向压板，设置温度、裂隙角度、裂隙宽度、裂隙粗糙度，重复步骤S1-S6分别观测注浆材料的扩散规律。
其中对试验装置的操作具体的是，打开盖板，取出试验箱2内纵向压板14，安装不锈钢玻璃板，用密封条将不锈钢玻璃板与试验箱2对接密封；同时用注浆泵3通过注浆管17及注浆孔18向试验箱2内注入浆液，将不用的注浆孔18用软木塞堵住，待浆液刚好与压板替换箱5顶部纵向压板14上裂隙平齐时停止注浆；对试验箱2进行升温，到设定的温度后停止升温；打开回收池4上阀门10，旋转压板替换箱5顶部纵向压板14，到设定的角度后停止旋转，肉眼观测不同温度及不同裂隙角度下注浆材料的扩散规律，并记录；可按设定的裂隙宽度及粗糙度替换压板替换箱5顶部纵向压板14，可实现肉眼观测不同温度、不同裂隙角度、宽度及粗糙度下注浆材料的扩散规律，并记录，进而可以实现对注浆材料扩散规律的定量研究。试验完毕后打开不锈钢玻璃板，清理压板替换箱5顶部纵向压板14，并安装好纵向压板14，关好箱门29，通过强力磁条将箱门29与压板替换箱5紧密连接，并用保温层将连接部位覆盖。
一种注浆材料强度试验方法，用于测试注浆材料强度。其利用上述的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，步骤包括：
S1.配制水泥基无机注浆浆液，并搅拌均匀；
S2.设置裂隙角度、裂隙宽度、裂隙粗糙度，软木塞封堵部分注浆孔后，利用注浆泵通过注浆管，由注浆孔向试验箱内分层注浆，每层注浆完成后将其捣实；
S3.注入浆液量大于试验箱容积的四分之三后停止注浆，保持排水管和注水管上的阀门处于关闭状态；
S4.配置含有Cl-或SO4 2-的溶液，倒入溶液箱后记录其浓度值；
S5.浆液初凝后，软木塞封堵部分注液孔后，打开一个或多个注液管上的阀门，进行局部或整体淋溶实验；
S6.调整试验箱温度至设定温度后，开启横向压板和纵向压板；
S7.分析温度、水质对注浆材料强度的影响。
其中对试验装置的操作具体的是，定量控制裂隙角度、宽度及粗糙度，同时用注浆泵3通过注浆管17及注浆孔18向试验箱2内分5层注入浆液，每注完一层浆液均将其捣实，并将不用的注浆孔18用软木塞堵住，注入浆液的量大于试验箱2容积的四分之三时停止注浆；排水管21及注水管34上阀门10保持关闭状态；配置好0～2.50mol/L的Cl-或0～2.50mol/L的SO4 2-溶液，将溶液倒入溶液箱1中，记录浓度值；待浆液初凝后，打开一个或多个注液管9上阀门10，进行局部或整体淋溶试验，并将不用的注液孔12堵住；同时对试验箱2进行升 温，到设定温度后开启横向压板23及纵向压板14，记录数据，可以定性或定量分析温度及水质耦合情况下注浆材料强度变化规律。试验完毕后清理溶液箱1，打开盖板，清理试验箱2，待试验箱2干燥后，通过强力磁条将试验箱2与盖板紧密连接，并用保温层将连接部位覆盖。
一种注浆材料抗分散性试验方法，利用上述的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，步骤包括：
S1.配制水泥基无机注浆浆液，并搅拌均匀；
S1.配制水泥基无机注浆浆液，并搅拌均匀；
S2.设置裂隙角度、裂隙宽度、裂隙粗糙度，软木塞封堵部分注浆孔后，利用注浆泵通过注浆管，由注浆孔向试验箱内分层注浆，每层注浆完成后将其捣实；
S3.注入浆液量大于试验箱容积的四分之三后停止注浆，保持排水管和注水管上的阀门处于关闭状态；
S4.配置含有Cl-或SO4 2-的溶液，倒入溶液箱后记录其浓度值；
S5.浆液初凝后记录重量传感器的监测数值；
S6.软木塞封堵部分注水孔后，记录水压表和流量计的数值，调整试验箱温度至设定温度；
S7.打开排水管阀门，30min后记录重量传感器的监测数值；
S8.计算结石留存率评价材料的抗分散性。
其中对试验装置的操作具体的是，定量控制0～2.50mol/L的Cl-或0～2.50mol/L的SO4 2-溶液、裂隙角度、宽度及粗糙度不变，待浆液凝固后，记录重量传感器24出现的数值；将注水管34连接到试验箱2上的注水孔33上，并将不用的注水孔33用软木塞堵住，记录水压表19及流量计20数值，对试验箱2进行升温，到设定温度后停止升温，同时打开回收池4上阀门10，30min后，记录重量传感器24出现的数值，通过重量差值计算结石留存率，以评价注浆材料的抗分散性，结石留存率越大，注浆材料的抗分散性越好。
一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验方法，利用上述的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，步骤包括：
S1.在试验箱内装入破碎的岩石，岩石量大于试验箱容积的四分之三；
S2.配制水泥基无机注浆浆液，并搅拌均匀,配置含有Cl-或SO42-的溶液，倒入溶液箱后记录其浓度值；
S3.打开排水管上的阀门，设定水压后通过水泵向试验箱中注水，保持注水管流量不变，控制试验箱的温度；
S3.打开注液管上的阀门，同时打开注浆管上的阀门开始注浆，浆液注入试验箱内，直至排水管停止排水后，关闭注液管、注浆管和注水管上的阀门；
S4.浆液凝固后开启横向压板和纵向压板测试强度记录监测数据，分析温度、水质、注浆压力、水压及水流量对注浆堵水的影响。
其中对试验装置的操作具体的是，通过试验箱2顶部可活动盖板及所连接的纵向压板14向其中装入破碎的岩石，其最大粒径不超过50mm，装入岩石的量大于试验箱2容积的四分之三，并通过强力磁条将试验箱2与盖板紧密连接，并用保温层将连接部位覆盖；配置好0～2.50mol/L的Cl-或0～2.50mol/L的SO4 2-溶液，将水质溶液倒入溶液箱1中，记录浓度值；打开排水管21上阀门10，打开注水管34上阀门10，用水泵7按设定的水压通过注水管34向试验箱2中注水，按设定的水流量保持注水管34的流量不变，并将不用的注水孔33用软木塞堵住；对试验箱2进行升温，到设定温度后停止升温；打开一个或多个注液管9上阀门10，并将不用的注液孔12堵住，同时打开注浆管17上阀门10进行注浆，利用注浆泵3按设定的注浆压力将浆液注入试验箱2内的碎石中，直到排水管21上无水流出，即排水管21上的流量计20的示数为零时停止注浆，并关闭注液管9、注浆管17及注水管34上阀门10，记录从开始注浆到结束注浆的时间；时间越短，说明堵水效果越好；待浆液凝固后，开启横向压板23及纵向压板14测试其强度，记录数据；以研究温度、水质、不同注浆压力、水压及水流量对注浆堵水效果的影响，强度越高，说明堵水效果越好。试验完毕后清理溶液箱1，打开盖板，清理试验箱2，待试验箱2干燥后安装盖板，并用保温层将连接部位覆盖。
该装置及方法一方面可以开展温度、水质、裂隙宽度、角度及粗糙度单因素或多因素耦合作用下注浆材料性能影响测试，另一方面开展温度、水质、水压、水流量、注浆压力单因素或多因素耦合作用对注浆效果影响测试，揭示不同条件对注浆材料性能及注浆效果影响规律，可广泛应用于煤矿注浆堵水研究技术领域。另外，上述试验方法还具有设计合理，操作简单等优点。
当然，上述说明并非是对本发明的限制，本发明也并不仅限于上述举例，本技术领域的技术人员在本发明的实质范围内所做出的变化、改型、添加或替换，也应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，其特征在于，包括溶液箱、试验箱、压板替换箱、注浆泵、回收池和水泵，所述溶液箱通过注液管与试验箱相连，试验箱底部与压板替换箱相连，压板替换箱与底板相连，底板与控制面板相连；所述试验箱内设置有纵向压板、横向压板，以及温度传感器、重量传感器及应力传感器；所述试验箱底部的纵向压板上设置有裂隙和刻度，试验箱顶部设置有盖板，所述盖板上设置有多个注液孔，一个或多个注液孔通过注液管与溶液箱连接；试验箱的左侧面板设置有排水孔和多个注浆孔，右侧面板设置有多个注水孔，注水孔通过注水管与水泵相连；所述排水孔通过排水管与回收池相连，一个或多个注浆孔通过注浆管与注浆泵连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，其特征在于，所述注浆管上安装有压力表，所述排水管及注水管上均安装有水压表及流量计；所述注液管、注浆管、排水管及注水管上均安装有阀门。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，其特征在于，所述纵向压板上设置有多个开孔，开孔位置与盖板上的注液孔位置相对；所述盖板中部设置有液压支柱，液压支柱连接盖板和纵向压板。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，其特征在于，所述纵向压板通过滚轴旋转，调整裂隙的宽度取值为1～3.5mm，裂隙的角度取值为0°～50°，裂隙的粗糙度系数取值为JRC＝8～10、14～16、18～20。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，其特征在于，所述重量传感器设置在试验箱底部的纵向压板的中心位置，所述纵向压板通过连接螺栓与可旋转滚轴连接，可旋转滚轴上设置有凹槽；所述温度传感器设置在试验箱内部。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，其特征在于，所述试验箱和压板替换箱外围包覆有保温层，压板替换箱上设置有箱门。
  7. 一种注浆材料扩散试验方法，利用权利要求1至6任一项所述的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，其特征在于，步骤包括：
    S1.配制水泥基无机注浆浆液，并搅拌均匀；
    S2.取出试验箱内的纵向压板，安装不锈钢玻璃板；
    S3.软木塞封堵部分注浆孔后，利用注浆泵通过注浆管，由注浆孔向试验箱内注浆；
    S4.浆液与压板替换箱顶部的纵向压板的裂隙齐平时停止注浆；
    S5.加热试验箱至设定的温度后，打开排水管上的阀门，旋转压板替换箱上方的纵向压板，转动至设定的角度后，观测注浆材料的扩散规律；
    S6.打开压板替换箱并清理纵向压板；
    S7.更换压板替换箱上方的纵向压板，设置温度、裂隙角度、裂隙宽度、裂隙粗糙度，重复步骤S1-S6分别观测注浆材料的扩散规律。
  8. 一种注浆材料强度试验方法，利用权利要求1至6任一项所述的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，其特征在于，步骤包括：
    S1.配制水泥基无机注浆浆液，并搅拌均匀；
    S2.设置裂隙角度、裂隙宽度、裂隙粗糙度，软木塞封堵部分注浆孔后，利用注浆泵通过注浆管，由注浆孔向试验箱内分层注浆，每层注浆完成后将其捣实；
    S3.注入浆液量大于试验箱容积的四分之三后停止注浆，保持排水管和注水管上的阀门处于关闭状态；
    S4.配置含有Cl-或SO4 2-的溶液，倒入溶液箱后记录其浓度值；
    S5.浆液初凝后，软木塞封堵部分注液孔后，打开一个或多个注液管上的阀门，进行局部或整体淋溶实验；
    S6.调整试验箱温度至设定温度后，开启横向压板和纵向压板；
    S7.分析温度、水质对注浆材料强度的影响。
  9. 一种注浆材料抗分散性试验方法，利用权利要求1至6任一项所述的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，其特征在于，步骤包括：
    S1.配制水泥基无机注浆浆液，并搅拌均匀；
    S1.配制水泥基无机注浆浆液，并搅拌均匀；
    S2.设置裂隙角度、裂隙宽度、裂隙粗糙度，软木塞封堵部分注浆孔后，利用注浆泵通过注浆管，由注浆孔向试验箱内分层注浆，每层注浆完成后将其捣实；
    S3.注入浆液量大于试验箱容积的四分之三后停止注浆，保持排水管和注水管上的阀门处于关闭状态；
    S4.配置含有Cl-或SO4 2-的溶液，倒入溶液箱后记录其浓度值；
    S5.浆液初凝后记录重量传感器的监测数值；
    S6.软木塞封堵部分注水孔后，记录水压表和流量计的数值，调整试验箱温度至设定温度；
    S7.打开排水管阀门，30min后记录重量传感器的监测数值；
    S8.计算结石留存率评价材料的抗分散性。
  10. 一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验方法，利用权利要求1至6任一项所述的一种矿用耦合条件下岩层注浆堵水试验装置，其特征在于，步骤包括：
    S1.在试验箱内装入破碎的岩石，岩石量大于试验箱容积的四分之三；
    S2.配制水泥基无机注浆浆液，并搅拌均匀,配置含有Cl-或SO42-的溶液，倒入溶液箱 后记录其浓度值；
    S3.打开排水管上的阀门，设定水压后通过水泵向试验箱中注水，保持注水管流量不变，控制试验箱的温度；
    S3.打开注液管上的阀门，同时打开注浆管上的阀门开始注浆，浆液注入试验箱内，直至排水管停止排水后，关闭注液管、注浆管和注水管上的阀门；
    S4.浆液凝固后开启横向压板和纵向压板测试强度记录监测数据，分析温度、水质、注浆压力、水压及水流量对注浆堵水的影响。
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