WO2024074079A1 - 一种预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙及其施工方法 - Google Patents

一种预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙及其施工方法 Download PDF

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WO2024074079A1
WO2024074079A1 PCT/CN2023/111374 CN2023111374W WO2024074079A1 WO 2024074079 A1 WO2024074079 A1 WO 2024074079A1 CN 2023111374 W CN2023111374 W CN 2023111374W WO 2024074079 A1 WO2024074079 A1 WO 2024074079A1
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Prior art keywords
vertical wall
plate
wall
bottom plate
reinforced concrete
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PCT/CN2023/111374
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张海洋
郭帅杰
宋绪国
闫穆涵
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中国铁路设计集团有限公司
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Publication of WO2024074079A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024074079A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/16—Arrangement or construction of joints in foundation structures

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of slope treatment for railways, highways and municipal engineering, and in particular relates to a prefabricated assembled reinforced concrete retaining wall and a construction method thereof.
  • Prefabrication and assembly are the main development directions of construction, and strive to use about 10 years to make the proportion of prefabricated buildings in new buildings reach 30%.
  • As a green and environmentally friendly new process it has been increasingly favored by engineering and technical personnel in the railway, highway and municipal industries due to its advantages such as fast construction, reliable quality, economy and environmental protection.
  • the retaining wall is divided into two parts: wall panels and wall base plates, which are assembled by connecting prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated or cast-in-place wall base plates.
  • the core of prefabricated assembly retaining walls is to determine the appropriate connection method between prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated wall base plates so that the strength of the connection parts meets the engineering requirements and has high reliability.
  • the connection methods of prefabricated wall panels and prefabricated wall base plates include: reserved steel bar welding, embedded steel plate welding, bolt connection, bolt angle steel connection, etc.
  • the above-mentioned connection types still have certain limitations in terms of connection stiffness and bearing capacity, construction difficulty and quality control, and need further optimization and improvement.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated reinforced concrete retaining wall with simple structure, quick construction, reliable quality, great application prospect and outstanding cost performance.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a construction method for the above-mentioned prefabricated assembled reinforced concrete retaining wall.
  • a prefabricated assembled reinforced concrete retaining wall comprises a plurality of prefabricated reinforced concrete structure vertical wall panels, a plurality of prefabricated reinforced concrete structure bottom panels and a cast-in-place concrete connecting wall, wherein the plurality of vertical wall panels and the bottom panels are connected into a whole through the concrete connecting wall, an upper boss is extended upwardly from the top surface of the bottom panel, a lower tenon is extended downwardly from the bottom surface of the bottom panel, bottom panel joint tongues are provided on both sides of the bottom panel, and two adjacent bottom panels are overlapped through the joint tongues; bottom panel shear reinforcement and connecting wall tensile reinforcement extending upward are embedded in the bottom panel; the bottom of the vertical wall panel is arranged on the bottom panel, the front of the vertical wall panel is arranged close to the upper boss, and the two sides of the vertical wall panel are respectively Joint grooves and joint convex strips are formed, and two adjacent vertical wall panels are connected by the joint convex strips and the joint groove mortise and tenon joints; the vertical wall panel adopts a variable cross-section
  • the front and back sides of the vertical wall panels are provided with vertical wall panel hanging rings.
  • the top surface of the bottom panel is also provided with a plurality of bottom panel hanging rings.
  • the upper boss and the lower tenon are arranged along the entire width of the base plate.
  • the width of the upper boss (2b) is 0.5m and the height is 0.5m; the width of the lower tenon (2a) is 0.5-0.8m and the height is 0.2-0.4m.
  • the back slope of the vertical wall plate (1) is 1:0.0-1:0.1.
  • the depth of the L-shaped tongue and groove (12) recessed into the vertical wall plate is 0.5-0.8m and the height is 1.0-1.5m.
  • a construction method of the prefabricated assembled reinforced concrete retaining wall as described in any one of the above, comprising the following steps:
  • S2 site leveling, on-site layout, and transportation of each section of wall panels and base panels to the construction site;
  • the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
  • the present invention adopts factory prefabricated components, which has reliable construction quality, controllable installation quality, high construction efficiency and low labor cost compared with the cast-in-place method.
  • the present invention improves the reliability of the prefabricated retaining wall vertical wall plate and the prefabricated retaining wall bottom plate, has a simple connection process, and enhances the shear resistance of the retaining wall and the bending resistance of the wall back.
  • the present invention greatly shortens the on-site construction period and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. It has broad application space and promotion and application value in the construction of transportation projects such as railways, highways, and municipal roads in my country.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a prefabricated assembled reinforced concrete retaining wall of the present invention.
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the prefabricated assembled reinforced concrete retaining wall of the present invention.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the top view of the prefabricated assembled reinforced concrete retaining wall of the present invention.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of reinforcement arrangement of a single-section prefabricated vertical arm plate in the present invention.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of reinforcement of a single-section prefabricated bottom plate in the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the reinforcement of the cast-in-place concrete connection wall in the present invention.
  • the prefabricated assembled reinforced concrete retaining wall of the present invention includes multiple sections of prefabricated vertical wall panels 1, multiple sections of prefabricated bottom panels 2 and cast-in-place concrete connecting walls 3.
  • the prefabricated vertical wall panels 1 and the prefabricated bottom panels 2 are connected to form a retaining unit through the cast-in-place concrete connecting wall 3.
  • the bottom plate 2 is a prefabricated reinforced concrete component.
  • An upper boss 2b is extended upwardly on the top surface of the bottom plate 2, and a lower tenon 2a for anti-slip is extended downwardly on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 2.
  • the length of the upper boss 2b and the lower tenon 2a is equal to the width of the bottom plate 2.
  • Bottom plate joints 2c are provided on both sides of the bottom plate 2, and two adjacent bottom plates are overlapped by the joints 2c.
  • the bottom plate shear reinforcement 8 and the connecting wall tensile reinforcement 9 extending upward are also provided on the bottom plate 2.
  • a plurality of bottom plate lifting rings 11 are also provided on the top surface of the bottom plate 2.
  • the vertical wall panel 1 is a prefabricated reinforced concrete component, the bottom of which is arranged on the bottom plate 2, and the front is arranged close to the upper boss 2b.
  • the vertical wall panel 1 is formed with a joint groove 1a and a joint convex strip 1b on both sides, and the adjacent vertical wall panels 1 are connected by the joint convex strip-joint groove mortise and tenon joints.
  • the vertical wall panel 1 adopts a variable cross-section type, and a slope is formed on its back.
  • a plurality of compressive steel bars 4 are evenly arranged vertically on the front side of the vertical wall panel 1, and a plurality of tensile steel bars 5 are evenly arranged vertically on the back side (consistent with the inclination of the back of the vertical wall panel).
  • Each compressive steel bar 4 and the corresponding tensile steel bar 5 are fixed from top to bottom by a plurality of stirrups 6; the lower part of the back of the vertical wall panel 1 is prefabricated into an L-shaped tongue and groove 12, and the L-shaped tongue and groove 12 is reserved for the stirrups 6, tensile steel bars 5 and vertical wall panel shear bars 7 extending outward.
  • the upper part of the vertical wall panel shear bars 7 extend into the vertical wall panel, and the lower part extends downward to the L-shaped tongue and groove 12.
  • vertical wall plate hoisting rings 10 are installed on the front and back sides of the vertical wall plate.
  • the cross section of the concrete connecting wall 3 is a right-angled trapezoid, which is arranged on the bottom plate 2, with one side extending into the L-shaped groove 12 and the other side exposed outside the L-shaped groove 12.
  • the concrete connecting wall 3 is cast on site.
  • the bottom plate shear reinforcement 8 overlaps with the vertical wall plate shear reinforcement 7 to enhance the shear strength of the construction joint between the vertical wall plate 1, the bottom plate 2 and the concrete connecting wall 3;
  • the connecting wall tensile reinforcement 9 overlaps with the stirrup 6 extending out of the vertical wall plate to enhance the tensile strength of the concrete connecting wall 3; cement mortar is poured between the joint between the vertical wall plate 1 and the upper boss 2b of the bottom plate as a waterproof sealing layer.
  • the back slope of the vertical wall panel is 1:0.0 ⁇ 1:0.1; the width of the vertical wall panel at the L-shaped tongue and groove 12 is 0.5 ⁇ 0.8m, and the height is 1.0 ⁇ 1.5m; the width of the upper boss 2b is 0.5m and the height is 0.5m; the width of the lower tenon 2a is 0.5 ⁇ 0.8m and the height is 0.2 ⁇ 0.4m.
  • the design, production and construction process of the prefabricated assembled reinforced concrete retaining wall of the present invention are as follows:
  • the production of the retaining wall prefabricated components must be carried out in a special prefabricated component factory, using industrialized construction technology to design and complete the template structure of the retaining wall vertical wall plate 1 and the retaining wall bottom plate 2.
  • the template structure can be Use a steel formwork coated with a release agent, set up the steel mesh and install the lifting ring system, then use concrete to pour into the form in one go and cure it to the designed age for use.
  • the construction site is leveled, the retaining wall foundation is measured and laid out, and the retaining wall foundation trench is excavated to complete the retaining wall foundation replacement construction and leveling.
  • each section of the bottom plate 2 is hoisted by the bottom plate lifting ring 11, and two adjacent sections of the bottom plate are overlapped and installed through the joint tongue and groove 2c; each section of the vertical wall plate 1 is hoisted by the vertical wall plate lifting ring 10, and the adjacent vertical wall plates 1 are connected by the joint groove 1a of the vertical wall plate and the convex strip mortise and tenon joints of the joint 1b, and accurately aligned with the corresponding bottom plate 2;
  • the prefabricated blocks of the prefabricated reinforced concrete retaining wall of the present invention have a simple structure and a reliable assembly method of the prefabricated blocks, which effectively improves the on-site construction quality and construction efficiency. It has broad application prospects and outstanding cost-effectiveness, meets the actual needs of various types of transportation engineering construction in my country, and has a high level of innovation and engineering promotion and application value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙及其施工方法，所述挡土墙包括预制的立壁板、预制的底板和混凝土连接墙，立壁板和底板通过现浇混凝土连接墙连接成整体；立壁板为变截面型式，墙背形成坡度，各节立壁板纵向通过接缝凸条和接缝凹槽榫卯连接；立壁板背面底部预制成L型企口，企口处外伸立壁板箍筋、立壁板受拉钢筋和立壁板抗剪筋；挡土墙底板上部设有凸台，下部设有凸榫，挡土墙底板埋设有底板抗剪筋、连接墙抗拉筋；在混凝土连接墙内，底板抗剪筋与立壁板抗剪筋搭接，连接墙抗拉筋与立壁板箍筋搭接，现场浇筑成形。该方案结构简单、现场拼装效率高、性价比突出，在交通工程建设中具有广阔应用空间和推广应用价值。

Description

一种预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙及其施工方法 技术领域
本发明属于铁路、公路、市政工程边坡处理技术领域，特别是涉及一种预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙及其施工方法。
背景技术
我国铁路、公路、市政工程建设中存在大量的边坡挡土墙工程，工程量巨大。现阶段，铁路、公路、市政工程的挡土墙主要采用混凝土浇筑施工，需要经过模板架设、混凝土浇筑、混凝土振捣、混凝土养护、模板拆除等多道工序才能完成，模板支护及周转量大，施工效率低，施工工期长，质量难以把控。预制拼装技术是建筑工程工业化的重要发展方向，住建部发布《“十三五”装配式建筑行动方案》，指出要全面推进装配式建筑发展，预制化、装配化是建设的主要发展方向，力争用10年左右时间，使装配式建筑占新建建筑的比例达到30％。作为一种绿色、环保的新工艺，由于具有施工快速、质量可靠、经济环保等方面的优点，得到了铁路、公路、市政行业工程技术人员越来越多的青睐。
挡土墙预制拼装技术的研究及应用起步较早，一般是将挡土墙拆分为墙面板和墙底板两部分，通过预制墙面板和预制或现浇墙底板连接拼装而成。预制拼装挡土墙的核心是确定合适的预制墙面板和预制墙底板的连接方式，使连接部位的强度满足工程要求，并具有较高的可靠性。目前，预制墙面板和预制墙底板的连接方式有：预留钢筋焊接、预埋钢板焊接、螺栓连接、螺栓角钢连接等多种，但上述几种连接型式在连接刚度和承载力、施工难度与质量控制等方面，仍存在一定的局限性，需要进一步的优化改进。
因此，有必要针对现有预制拼装钢筋混凝土挡土墙存在的不足，提出一种新型预制拼装钢筋混凝土挡土墙，达到预制拼装挡土墙结构简单、施工效率高、安装质量可靠的目的。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种结构简单、施工快捷、质量可靠、应用前景大、性价比突出的预制拼装钢筋混凝土挡土墙。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种上述预制拼装钢筋混凝土挡土墙的施工方法。
为此，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙，包括多节预制的钢筋混凝土结构的立壁板、多节预制的钢筋混凝土结构的底板以及现浇混凝土连接墙，多节所述立壁板和底板通过所述混凝土连接墙连接成整体，所述底板的顶面处向上延伸形成有上部凸台，底板底面处向下延伸形成有下部凸榫，所述底板两侧设有底板接缝企口，相邻两节底板通过所述接缝企口搭接；在所述底板上埋设有向上延伸的底板抗剪筋和连接墙抗拉筋；所述立壁板的底部设置在所述底板上，立壁板的正面紧贴所述上部凸台设置，立壁板两侧分别形成有接缝凹槽和接缝凸条，相邻两节立壁板通过所述接缝凸条和接缝凹槽榫卯连接；所述立壁板采用变截面型式，其背面形成坡度；在所述立壁板内靠近正面一侧均匀地竖直埋设有多根受压钢筋，靠近背面一侧均匀地竖向倾斜埋设有多根受拉钢筋，每根受压钢筋和对应的受拉钢筋由上至下分别通过多根箍筋固定；在立壁板背面下部形成内凹的L型企口；所述受拉钢筋伸出至所述L型企口处，位于底部的所述箍筋从所述L型企口向外伸出；在所述立壁板下部还埋设有延伸至所述L型企口处的立壁板抗剪筋。所述混凝土连接墙的断面为直角梯形，其设置在所述底板上，与所述L型企口等高，混凝土连接墙的直角边一侧伸入所述L型企口内，另一侧露出L型企口外；在所述混凝土连接墙内，所述底板抗剪筋的伸部分与所述立壁板抗剪筋搭接，所述连接墙抗拉筋外伸部分与所述箍筋搭接；在所述立壁板与所述上部凸台的接缝间浇筑有水泥砂浆防水封闭层。
优选的是，在所述立壁板的正面和背面还安装有立壁板吊环。在所述底板的顶面上还设置有多个底板吊环。
优选的是，所述上部凸台与下部凸榫沿所述底板的整个宽度设置。
优选的是，所述上部凸台(2b)的宽为0.5m、高为0.5m：述下部凸榫(2a)的宽为0.5～0.8m、高为0.2～0.4m。所述立壁板(1)的背面坡度为1:0.0～1:0.1。在所述L型企口(12)向所述立壁板内凹陷的深度为0.5～0.8m，高度为1.0～1.5m。
一种上述任一项所述的预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙的施工方法，包括以下步骤：
S1，按设计要求及图纸预制各节所述立壁板、底板，并养护至设计龄期；
S2，场地整平，现场放样，将各节立壁板、底板运输至施工现场；
S3，在施工现场采用起重设备依次吊装各节底板和立壁板，相邻各节底板通过接缝企口搭接，相邻各节立壁板通过所述接缝凸条和接缝凹槽榫卯连接；
S4，将所述底板上的底板抗剪筋与所述立壁板抗剪筋搭接，将所述连接墙抗拉筋与 从所述立壁板伸出的箍筋搭接；
S5，在所述立壁板的L型企口处现场浇筑混凝土，形成封闭的混凝土连接墙，并对现浇构件进行养护直至达到设计强度；
S5，在所述立壁板与所述底板上部凸台的接缝处现场浇筑水泥砂浆防水封闭层，并养护至设计龄期。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点和有益效果：
1.本发明采用工厂预制构件方式，与现浇方式相比施工质量可靠、安装质量可控、施工效率高、人工成本低。
2.本发明提高了预制挡墙立壁板与预制挡墙底板的可靠性，连接工艺简单，增强了挡土墙的抗剪性能及墙背抗弯性能。
3.本发明大大缩短了现场施工工期且节能环保，在我国铁路、公路、市政道路等交通工程建设中具有广阔应用空间和推广应用价值。
附图说明
图1是本发明预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙的立体结构示意图；
图2是本发明预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙的横断面结构示意图；
图3是本发明预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙的俯视结构示意图；
图4是本发明中单节预制立臂板的配筋示意图；
图5是本发明中单节预制底板的配筋示意图；
图6是本发明中现浇混凝土连接墙的配筋示意图。
图中：
1、立壁板              1a、接缝凹槽             1b、接缝凸条
2、底板                2a、下部凸榫             2b、上部凸台
2c、底板接缝企口       3、混凝土连接墙          4、受压钢筋
5、受拉钢筋            6、箍筋                  7、立壁板抗剪筋
8、底板抗剪筋          9、连接墙抗拉筋          10、立壁板吊环
11、底板吊环           12、L型企口
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做详细说明。
如图1-6所示，本发明的预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙，包括多节预制的立壁板1、多节预制的底板2和现浇的混凝土连接墙3，预制的立壁板1和预制的底板2通过现浇混凝土连接墙3连接成一节挡土单元。
参见图1、图2，所述底板2为预制钢筋混凝土构件，底板2顶面上向上延伸形成有上部凸台2b，底板2底面上向下延伸形成有抗滑用的下部凸榫2a，上部凸台2b与下部凸榫2a的长度等于底板2的宽度。底板2两侧设有底板接缝企口2c，相邻两节底板通过接缝企口2c搭接。另外，如图5所示，在底板2上还设置有向上延伸的底板抗剪筋8和连接墙抗拉筋9。为了便于吊装，在底板2的顶面上还设置有多个底板吊环11。
所述立壁板1为预制钢筋混凝土构件，其底部设置在底板2上，正面紧贴所述上部凸台2b设置。立壁板1两侧分别形成有接缝凹槽1a和接缝凸条1b，相邻立壁板1通过接缝凸条-接缝凹槽榫卯连接。立壁板1采用变截面型式，其背面形成坡度。立壁板1内靠近正面一侧均匀地竖直布置有多根受压钢筋4，靠近背面一侧均匀地竖向布置有多根受拉钢筋5(与立壁板背面倾斜度一致)，每根受压钢筋4和对应的受拉钢筋5由上至下通过多根箍筋6固定；立壁板1背面下部预制成L型企口12，L型企口12处预留向外延伸出的箍筋6、受拉钢筋5以及立壁板抗剪筋7。立壁板抗剪筋7上部伸入立壁板内，下部向下延伸至L型企口12处。另外，为了便于吊装，在立壁板的正面和背面还安装有立壁板吊环10。
所述混凝土连接墙3的断面为直角梯形，其设置在所述底板2上，且一侧伸入所述L型企口12内，另一侧露出L型企口12外。混凝土连接墙3采用现场浇筑方式。底板抗剪筋8与立壁板抗剪筋7搭接，以增强所述立壁板1、底板2与混凝土连接墙3施工缝处的抗剪强度；连接墙抗拉筋9与伸出立壁板的箍筋6搭接，以增强混凝土连接墙3的抗拉强度；立壁板1与底板的上部凸台2b的接缝间浇筑水泥砂浆作为防水封闭层。
优选的是，所述立壁板的墙背坡度为1:0.0～1:0.1；L型企口12处立壁板的宽为0.5～0.8m，高度为1.0～1.5m；所述上部凸台2b的宽为0.5m、高为0.5m；所述下部凸榫2a的宽为0.5～0.8m、高为0.2～0.4m。
如图1～图6所示，本发明预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙的设计制作及施工过程如下：
首先，进行挡土墙各预制构件的生产，需在专门的预制构件厂实施，采用工业化建造技术制作，分别设计完成挡土墙立壁板1、挡土墙底板2的模板结构，模板结构可采 用涂刷脱模剂的钢模，在架设钢筋网并设置吊环系统后采用混凝土一次浇筑成形并养护至设计龄期备用。
之后，进行施工场地整平、挡土墙基础测量放线和开挖挡土墙基础基槽，完成挡土墙基础换填施工并整平。
然后进行挡土墙底板安放位置测量放线，利用底板吊环11吊装各节底板2，相邻两节底板通过接缝企口2c搭接安装；利用立壁板吊环10吊装各节立壁板1，相邻的立壁板1之间通过立壁板的接缝凹槽1a和接缝1b凸条榫卯连接，并与相应的底板2准确对位；
再将底板抗剪筋8与立壁板抗剪筋7搭接，连接墙抗拉筋9与立壁板箍筋6搭接；之后，架设混凝土连接墙3的模板，采用现场混凝土一次浇筑成形，养护至设计龄期后拆除模板，墙后填土。最后，在立壁板1与底板的上部凸台2b之间接缝处现场浇筑水泥砂浆。完成整个挡土墙的施工。
综上，相较于现有的传统挡土墙，本发明的预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙预制块结构简单，预制块拼装方式可靠，有效提高了现场施工质量和施工效率，应用前景广阔、性价比突出，符合我国各类交通工程建设的实际需求，具有较高的创新水平和工程推广应用价值。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙，其特征在于：包括多节预制的钢筋混凝土结构的立壁板(1)、多节预制的钢筋混凝土结构的底板(2)以及现浇混凝土连接墙(3)，多节所述立壁板(1)和底板(2)通过所述混凝土连接墙(3)连接成整体，
    所述底板(2)的顶面处向上延伸形成有上部凸台(2b)，底板(2)底面处向下延伸形成有下部凸榫(2a)，所述底板(2)两侧设有底板接缝企口(2c)，相邻两节底板通过所述接缝企口(2c)搭接；在所述底板(2)上埋设有向上延伸的底板抗剪筋(8)和连接墙抗拉筋(9)；
    所述立壁板(1)的底部设置在所述底板(2)上，立壁板(1)的正面紧贴所述上部凸台(2b)设置，立壁板(1)两侧分别形成有接缝凹槽(1a)和接缝凸条(1b)，相邻两节立壁板通过所述接缝凸条和接缝凹槽榫卯连接；所述立壁板(1)采用变截面型式，其背面形成坡度；在所述立壁板(1)内靠近正面一侧均匀地竖直埋设有多根受压钢筋(4)，靠近背面一侧均匀地竖向倾斜埋设有多根受拉钢筋(5)，每根受压钢筋(4)和对应的受拉钢筋(5)由上至下分别通过多根箍筋(6)固定；在立壁板(1)背面下部形成内凹的L型企口(12)；所述受拉钢筋(5)伸出至所述L型企口(12)处，位于底部的所述箍筋(6)从所述L型企口(12)向外伸出；在所述立壁板(1)下部还埋设有延伸至所述L型企口(1)处的立壁板抗剪筋(7)；
    所述混凝土连接墙(3)的断面为直角梯形，其设置在所述底板(2)上，与所述L型企口等高，混凝土连接墙(3)的直角边一侧伸入所述L型企口(12)内，另一侧露出L型企口(12)外；在所述混凝土连接墙(3)内，所述底板抗剪筋(8)的伸部分与所述立壁板抗剪筋(7)搭接，所述连接墙抗拉筋(9)外伸部分与所述箍筋(6)搭接；
    在所述立壁板(1)与所述上部凸台(2b)的接缝间浇筑有水泥砂浆防水封闭层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙，其特征在于：在所述立壁板(1)的正面和背面还安装有立壁板吊环(10)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙，其特征在于：在所述底板(2)的顶面上还设置有多个底板吊环(11)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙，其特征在于：所述上部凸台(2b)与下部凸榫(2a)沿所述底板(2)的整个宽度设置。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙，其特征在于：所述上部凸台(2b)的宽为0.5m、高为0.5m。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙，其特征在于：所述下部凸榫(2a)的宽为0.5～0.8m、高为0.2～0.4m。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙，其特征在于：所述立壁板(1)的背面坡度为1:0.0～1:0.1。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙，其特征在于：在所述L型企口(12)向所述立壁板内凹陷的深度为0.5～0.8m，高度为1.0～1.5m。
  9. 一种权利要求1-8中任一项所述的预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙的施工方法，包括以下步骤：
    S1，按设计要求及图纸预制各节所述立壁板、底板，并养护至设计龄期；
    S2，场地整平，现场放样，将各节立壁板、底板运输至施工现场；
    S3，在施工现场采用起重设备依次吊装各节底板和立壁板，相邻各节底板通过接缝企口搭接，相邻各节立壁板通过所述接缝凸条和接缝凹槽榫卯连接；
    S4，将所述底板上的底板抗剪筋与所述立壁板抗剪筋搭接，将所述连接墙抗拉筋与从所述立壁板伸出的箍筋搭接；
    S5，在所述立壁板的L型企口处现场浇筑混凝土，形成封闭的混凝土连接墙，并对现浇构件进行养护直至达到设计强度；
    S5，在所述立壁板与所述上部凸台的接缝处现场浇筑水泥砂浆防水封闭层，并养护至设计龄期。
PCT/CN2023/111374 2022-10-08 2023-08-07 一种预制拼装式钢筋混凝土挡土墙及其施工方法 WO2024074079A1 (zh)

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