WO2024045402A1 - 变速箱、混合动力系统和汽车 - Google Patents

变速箱、混合动力系统和汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024045402A1
WO2024045402A1 PCT/CN2022/137112 CN2022137112W WO2024045402A1 WO 2024045402 A1 WO2024045402 A1 WO 2024045402A1 CN 2022137112 W CN2022137112 W CN 2022137112W WO 2024045402 A1 WO2024045402 A1 WO 2024045402A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
clutch
ring gear
main shaft
planet carrier
motor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/137112
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张恒先
周之光
叶远龙
李双銮
Original Assignee
奇瑞汽车股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2024045402A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024045402A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of automobile technology, and in particular to a gearbox, a hybrid power system and an automobile.
  • a hybrid power system is a power system that uses an engine and an electric motor as power sources to jointly drive a car.
  • the electric motor can usually also be used as a generator.
  • a hybrid system in related technology, includes a gearbox, an engine and a motor.
  • the engine is transmission connected to the gearbox to transmit power to the gearbox, and the power of the gearbox is output to the wheels to drive the vehicle.
  • the output shaft of the engine is also drivingly connected to the output shaft of the motor to drive the motor to generate electricity.
  • the engine drives the motor to generate electricity in a single mode, which is not conducive to fully utilizing the performance of the motor in combination with actual vehicle conditions and improving the power generation efficiency of the hybrid system.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a gearbox, a hybrid power system and a car, which can control the power generation mechanism to generate electricity at different powers, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the hybrid power system.
  • the technical solutions are as follows:
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a gearbox, which includes: a housing, a first speed change mechanism, a first main shaft, and a second main shaft; the first speed change mechanism is located in the housing, and the first main shaft and the second spindle are movably inserted into the housing.
  • the first spindle is used for transmission connection with the first power source.
  • the first spindle is transmission connection with the second spindle.
  • the second spindle The main shaft is used for transmission connection with the wheel;
  • the first transmission mechanism includes: a first sun wheel, a plurality of first planet wheels, a first planet carrier, a first ring gear, a first clutch and a second clutch.
  • the ring gear is coaxially arranged with the first sun gear, and the plurality of first planet gears are located between the first sun gear and the first ring gear, and are all aligned with the first sun gear and the first sun gear.
  • the first ring gear is meshed, the first planet carrier is coaxially connected to the first main shaft, the first center wheel is used for transmission connection with the power generation mechanism; the first clutch is respectively connected to the first ring gear and the first main shaft.
  • the first planet carrier is connected to control the connection or separation of the first ring gear and the first planet carrier, and the second clutch is connected to the first ring gear and the housing respectively, for controlling the connection or separation of the first ring gear and the first planet carrier. Braking or releasing the first ring gear.
  • both the first clutch and the second clutch include: a flywheel and a driven plate, the flywheel and the driven plate are configured to be controllably connected or separation; the flywheel of the first clutch is coaxially connected to the first planet carrier, the driven plate of the first clutch is coaxially connected to the first ring gear; the flywheel of the second clutch is coaxially connected to the first planet carrier The first ring gear is coaxially connected, and the driven plate of the second clutch is connected with the housing.
  • the gearbox further includes a second transmission mechanism and a third clutch, and the second transmission mechanism and the third clutch are located in the housing; the second transmission mechanism
  • the mechanism includes: a second sun wheel, a second planet carrier, a plurality of second planet gears, and a second ring gear.
  • the second ring gear is coaxially arranged with the second sun wheel.
  • the plurality of second planet gears Located between the second center wheel and the second ring gear, and meshing with the second center wheel and the second ring gear, the second planet carrier is coaxially connected to the first main shaft.
  • the second planet carrier is spaced apart from the first planet carrier, the second ring gear is drivingly connected to the second main shaft, and the third clutch connects the second center wheel and the housing , used to brake or release the second center wheel.
  • the gearbox further includes a first transmission gear, the first transmission gear is coaxially connected to the second main shaft, and the outer wall of the second ring gear is provided with Gear teeth, the first transmission gear meshes with the gear teeth outside the second ring gear.
  • the gearbox further includes a third speed change mechanism and a fourth clutch, and the third speed change mechanism and the fourth clutch are located in the housing; the third speed change mechanism and the fourth clutch are located in the housing;
  • the transmission mechanism includes: a third sun wheel, a third planet carrier, a plurality of third planet wheels and a third ring gear.
  • the third ring gear is coaxially arranged with the third sun wheel.
  • the plurality of third planet wheels The wheels are located between the third center wheel and the third ring gear, and are meshed with the third center wheel and the third ring gear.
  • the third ring gear is coaxial with the first main shaft. connected, and the third ring gear is spaced apart from the first planet carrier, the third planet carrier is drivingly connected to the second main shaft, and the fourth clutch connects the third center wheel and the housing body, used to brake or release the third sun wheel.
  • the gearbox further includes a second transmission gear, the second transmission gear is coaxially connected to the second main shaft, and the third planet carrier is provided with gears. ring, the second transmission gear meshes with the ring gear.
  • the first main shaft includes a first section and a second section, the first section and the second section are coaxially spaced apart, and the gearbox further includes a third section.
  • Five clutches the fifth clutch is connected to the first section and the second section respectively, and the fifth clutch is located between the first planet carrier and the third ring gear.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a hybrid power system.
  • the hybrid power system includes a first power source, a second power source, a power generation mechanism and a gearbox as described above.
  • the first power source is an engine
  • the The second power source is a first motor
  • the power generation mechanism is a second motor
  • the engine, the first motor and the second motor are all located outside the housing, and the output shaft of the engine and the third motor are
  • the output shaft of a motor is drivingly connected to the first main shaft, and the engine and the first motor are located on both sides of the fifth clutch.
  • the output shaft of the second motor is connected to the first center wheel. Coaxially connected.
  • the hybrid power system further includes a power supply component located outside the housing.
  • the power supply component includes a battery and two inverters. One of the two inverters is connected between the battery and the first motor, and the other of the two inverters is connected between the battery and the second motor.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an automobile, which includes a hybrid system as described above and an automobile body, and the hybrid system is located in the automobile body.
  • the power of the first power source can be transmitted to the first planet carrier of the first transmission mechanism through the first main shaft, wherein the first transmission mechanism is provided with a first clutch and a second clutch.
  • One clutch can connect or separate the first ring gear and the first planet carrier, and the second clutch can connect or separate the first ring gear and the housing.
  • the first clutch connects the first ring gear and the first planet carrier, the first ring gear and the first planet carrier are combined into a whole.
  • the first planet carrier is driven, the first center wheel is driven, and the first planet carrier and the first planet carrier are driven.
  • the center wheel rotates at the first speed ratio; when the second clutch connects the first ring gear and the housing, the first ring gear is fixed.
  • the first planet carrier is active, the first center wheel is driven, and the first planet carrier and The first sun wheel rotates at the second speed ratio.
  • the first power source can control the generator to generate electricity at different speeds at the same speed.
  • the generator can be controlled to generate electricity at different powers based on actual vehicle conditions. Give full play to the performance of the power generation mechanism and improve the power generation efficiency of the hybrid system.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gearbox provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid power system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of energy transfer in a pure electric mode of a hybrid power system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of energy transfer of a hybrid power system in hybrid power mode provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of energy transfer of a hybrid power system in hybrid power mode provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of energy transfer of a hybrid power system in hybrid power mode provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of energy transfer in a hybrid power system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of energy transfer of a hybrid system in engine direct drive mode provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of energy transfer of a hybrid system in engine direct drive mode provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of energy transfer in the energy recovery mode of a hybrid power system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Words such as “connected” or “connected” are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
  • “Top”, “bottom”, “left”, “right”, “top”, “bottom”, etc. are only used to express relative position relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative position relationship may also be Change accordingly.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gearbox provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the gearbox includes: a housing 100 , a first transmission mechanism, a first main shaft 21 and a second main shaft 22 .
  • the first speed change mechanism is located in the housing 100.
  • the first main shaft 21 and the second main shaft 22 are both movably inserted into the housing 100.
  • the first main shaft 21 is used for transmission connection with the first power source.
  • a main shaft 21 is drivingly connected to a second main shaft 22
  • the second main shaft 22 is used to be drivingly connected to the wheel 13 .
  • the first transmission mechanism includes: a first sun wheel 31, a plurality of first planetary gears 32, a first planet carrier 33, a first ring gear 34, a first clutch 35 and a second clutch 36.
  • the first The ring gear 34 is coaxially arranged with the first sun wheel 31
  • the plurality of first planet gears 32 are located between the first center wheel 31 and the first ring gear 34 , and are all meshed with the first center wheel 31 and the first ring gear 34
  • the first planet carrier 33 is coaxially connected to the first main shaft 21, and the first center wheel 31 is used for transmission connection with the power generation mechanism.
  • the first clutch 35 is connected to the first ring gear 34 and the first planet carrier 33 respectively, and is used to control the connection or separation of the first ring gear 34 and the first planet carrier 33.
  • the second clutch 36 is connected to the first ring gear 34 respectively. It is connected to the housing 100 and used to brake or release the first ring gear 34.
  • the power of the first power source can be transmitted to the first planet carrier 33 of the first transmission mechanism through the first main shaft 21, wherein the first transmission mechanism is provided with a first clutch 35 and a second transmission mechanism.
  • Clutch 36 the first clutch 35 can connect or separate the first ring gear 34 and the first planet carrier 33
  • the second clutch 36 can connect or separate the first ring gear 34 and the housing 100 .
  • the first planet carrier 33 and the first sun wheel 31 rotate at the first speed ratio; when the second clutch 36 connects the first ring gear 34 and the housing 100, the first ring gear 34 is fixed, and at this time the first planet carrier 33 The first planetary carrier 33 and the first center wheel 31 rotate at the second speed ratio.
  • the first power source can control the generator to generate electricity at different speeds at the same speed.
  • the generator can be controlled to generate electricity at different powers based on actual vehicle conditions. Generate electricity, give full play to the performance of the power generation mechanism, and improve the power generation efficiency of the hybrid system.
  • both the first clutch 35 and the second clutch 36 include: a flywheel 301 and a driven plate 302 , and the flywheel 301 and the driven plate 302 are configured to be controllably connected or separated.
  • the flywheel 301 of the clutch can move along the axial direction of the driven plate 302 in the driven plate 302 to fit or separate from the driven plate 302, thereby realizing the combination or separation of the flywheel 301 and the driven plate 302. Disengage and complete the clutch action.
  • the flywheel 301 of the first clutch 35 is coaxially connected to the first planet carrier 33
  • the driven plate 302 of the first clutch 35 is coaxially connected to the first ring gear 34
  • the first ring gear 34 and the first planet carrier 33 are connected through the first clutch 35.
  • the first clutch 35 is controlled to be combined, the first ring gear 34 and the first planet carrier 33 can be combined into a whole, so that the first gear 34 and the first planet carrier 33 can be combined into a whole.
  • the ring 34 and the first planet carrier 33 rotate together.
  • the first clutch 35 is controlled to be disengaged, the first planet carrier 33 ring can be allowed to rotate freely relative to the first ring gear 34 .
  • the flywheel 301 of the second clutch 36 is coaxially connected to the first ring gear 34
  • the driven plate 302 of the second clutch 36 is connected to the housing 100 .
  • the first ring gear 34 and the housing 100 are connected through the second clutch 36.
  • the second clutch 36 is controlled to be combined, the first ring gear 34 can be fixed on the housing 100, thereby braking the first ring gear 34.
  • the second clutch 36 is controlled to be disengaged, the first ring gear 34 can be freely rotated relative to the housing 100 .
  • the first clutch 35 When the first clutch 35 is disengaged and the second clutch 36 is engaged, the first ring gear 34 is fixed, and the power from the first power source is transmitted to the first sun wheel 31 to drive the generator mechanism to generate electricity.
  • the rotation speed of the first center wheel 31 is higher than the rotation speed of the first planet carrier 33, which is the speed-increasing mode. In this way, the power generation mechanism can be controlled to generate electricity with higher power.
  • the first clutch 35 can be disengaged and the second clutch 36 can be engaged to allow the generator to generate electricity efficiently.
  • the first clutch 35 When the first clutch 35 is engaged and the second clutch 36 is disengaged, the first ring gear 34 and the first planet carrier 33 are fixed as one body, and the power of the first power source is transmitted to the first sun wheel 31 to drive the generator mechanism to generate electricity.
  • the rotation speed of the first center wheel 31 is consistent with the rotation speed of the first planet carrier 33, so that the power generation mechanism can be controlled to generate power at a lower power.
  • the car needs to be in a high-speed driving mode, where the demand for power is high. Therefore, the first clutch 35 can be engaged and the second clutch 36 can be disengaged, allowing the generator to generate electricity at low power.
  • both the first clutch 35 and the second clutch 36 can be disengaged, so that the power of the first power source will not be transmitted to the first sun wheel 31 and drive the generator to generate electricity.
  • the gearbox further includes a second transmission mechanism and a third clutch 45 , and the second transmission mechanism and the third clutch 45 are located in the housing 100 .
  • the second transmission mechanism includes: a second sun wheel 41, a second planet carrier 42, a plurality of second planet wheels 43 and a second ring gear 44.
  • the second ring gear 44 is the same as the second sun wheel 41.
  • shaft arrangement a plurality of second planet gears 43 are located between the second center wheel 41 and the second ring gear 44, and are all meshed with the second center wheel 41 and the second ring gear 44, and the second planet carrier 42 is connected to the first main shaft 21 are coaxially connected, and the second planet carrier 42 is spaced apart from the first planet carrier 33, the second ring gear 44 is drivingly connected to the second main shaft 22, and the third clutch 45 connects the second center wheel 41 and the housing 100 for Brake or release the second sun wheel 41.
  • the first main shaft 21 is transmission connected to the second main shaft 22 through the second transmission mechanism, so that the power of the first power source can be transmitted to the wheels 13 to drive the vehicle.
  • the second transmission mechanism is a planetary gear train, which allows the vehicle to achieve continuously variable transmission, reduces vehicle operating noise, and improves the efficiency of the hybrid system.
  • the second center wheel 41 and the housing 100 are connected through the third clutch 45.
  • the third clutch 45 When the third clutch 45 is controlled to be combined, the second center wheel 41 can be fixed on the housing 100, thereby braking the second center wheel 41.
  • the third clutch 45 When the third clutch 45 is controlled to be disengaged, the second center wheel 41 can be freely rotated relative to the housing 100 .
  • the third clutch 45 When the third clutch 45 is engaged, the second center wheel 41 is fixed, and the power of the first power source is transmitted to the second ring gear 44 and the second main shaft 22 to drive the wheel 13 to rotate.
  • the third clutch 45 When the third clutch 45 is disengaged, the second center wheel 41 can rotate freely. At this time, the second transmission mechanism cannot transmit power to the second main shaft 22. Therefore, the power of the hybrid system is interrupted and the vehicle is not driven.
  • the gearbox also includes a first transmission gear 46, which is coaxially connected to the second main shaft 22.
  • the outer wall of the second ring gear 44 is provided with gear teeth.
  • the first transmission gear 46 is coaxially connected to the second main shaft 22. 46 meshes with the outer gear teeth of the second ring gear 44 .
  • the power of the second transmission mechanism can be transmitted to the first transmission gear 46 through the gear teeth of the second ring gear 44, thereby driving the second main shaft 22 to rotate, thereby driving the wheels. 13.
  • the gearbox further includes a third transmission mechanism and a fourth clutch 55 , and the third transmission mechanism and the fourth clutch 55 are located in the housing 100 .
  • the third transmission mechanism includes: a third sun wheel 51, a third planet carrier 52, a plurality of third planet gears 53 and a third ring gear 54.
  • the third ring gear 54 is the same as the third sun wheel 51.
  • shaft arrangement, a plurality of third planetary gears 53 are located between the third center wheel 51 and the third ring gear 54, and are all meshed with the third center wheel 51 and the third ring gear 54.
  • the third ring gear 54 is connected to the first main shaft. 21 are coaxially connected, and the third ring gear 54 is spaced apart from the first planet carrier 33, the third planet carrier 52 is drivingly connected to the second main shaft 22, and the fourth clutch 55 connects the third center wheel 51 and the housing 100 for Brake or release the third sun wheel 51.
  • the first main shaft 21 is transmission connected to the second main shaft 22 through the third transmission mechanism, so that the power of the first power source can be transmitted to the wheels 13 to drive the vehicle.
  • the third transmission mechanism is a planetary gear train, which allows the vehicle to achieve continuously variable transmission, reduces vehicle operating noise, and improves the efficiency of the hybrid system.
  • the third center wheel 51 and the housing 100 are connected through the fourth clutch 55.
  • the fourth clutch 55 When the fourth clutch 55 is controlled to be combined, the third center wheel 51 can be fixed on the housing 100, thereby braking the third center wheel 51.
  • the fourth clutch 55 When the fourth clutch 55 is controlled to be disengaged, the third center wheel 51 can be freely rotated relative to the housing 100 .
  • the third clutch 45 When the third clutch 45 is engaged, the third center wheel 51 is fixed, and the power of the first power source is transmitted to the third planet carrier 52 and the second main shaft 22 to drive the wheel 13 to rotate.
  • the third clutch 45 When the third clutch 45 is disengaged, the third sun wheel 51 can rotate freely. At this time, the third transmission mechanism cannot transmit power to the second main shaft 22. Therefore, the power of the hybrid system is interrupted and the vehicle is not driven.
  • the gearbox also includes a second transmission gear 56, which is coaxially connected to the second main shaft 22.
  • the third planet carrier 52 is provided with a ring gear 57.
  • the second transmission gear 56 meshes with the ring gear 57 .
  • the ring gear 57 is an annular structure, and the outer wall surface of the ring gear 57 has a gear.
  • the ring gear 57 can be coaxially sleeved outside the third planet carrier 52 , or coaxially connected to the third planet carrier 52 through other connection structures, so that the rotation of the third planet carrier 52 can drive the ring gear 57 to rotate together.
  • the power transmitted to the third transmission mechanism can be transmitted to the second transmission gear 56 through the ring gear 57 of the third planet carrier 52 , thereby driving the second main shaft 22 to rotate. , to achieve the purpose of driving the wheel 13 to rotate.
  • the first main shaft 21 includes a first section 211 and a second section 212 .
  • the first section 211 and the second section 212 are coaxially spaced apart.
  • the gearbox also includes a fifth clutch 60 .
  • the clutches 60 are connected to the first section 211 and the second section 212 respectively, and the fifth clutch 60 is located between the first planet carrier 33 and the third ring gear 54 .
  • the power transmission between the first power source and the third transmission mechanism can be interrupted.
  • the power of the first power source can be transmitted to the third transmission mechanism to pass through the third transmission mechanism.
  • the mechanism drives the wheel 13 to rotate.
  • the fifth clutch 60 is disengaged, the power from the first power source cannot be transmitted to the third transmission mechanism. At this time, the power can be transmitted to the wheel 13 through the second transmission mechanism to drive the wheel 13 to rotate.
  • FIG 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid power system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2, the hybrid system includes a first power source, a second power source, a power generation mechanism and the aforementioned gearbox.
  • the first power source is the engine 10
  • the second power source is the first motor 11
  • the power generation mechanism is the second motor 12 .
  • the engine 10, the first motor 11 and the second motor 12 are all located outside the housing 100.
  • the output shafts of the engine 10 and the first motor 11 are both drivingly connected to the first main shaft 21, and
  • the engine 10 and the first motor 11 are located on both sides of the fifth clutch 60 , and the output shaft of the second motor 12 is coaxially connected to the first sun wheel 31 .
  • the engine 10 and the first motor 11 are used as power sources, and the second motor 12 is configured as a power generation mechanism to form a hybrid power system.
  • This hybrid power system can combine the two power sources through a gearbox. The power is transmitted to the second main shaft 22 to drive the wheels 13, and when the first power source is working, it can also control the generator to generate electricity, allowing the first power source to work efficiently and improving the power performance and endurance of the hybrid system.
  • the engine 10 and the first motor 11 are located on both sides of the fifth clutch 60. In this way, controlling the fifth clutch 60 can isolate the power transmission between the engine 10 and the first motor 11. When the engine 10 works alone, This can prevent the engine 10 from dragging the first motor 11 to rotate and thereby causing power loss.
  • the hybrid system also includes a power supply component 70 located outside the housing 100 .
  • the power supply component 70 includes a battery 71 and two inverters 72 .
  • One of the two inverters 72 is connected between the battery 71 and the first motor 11
  • the other of the two inverters 72 is connected between the battery 71 and the second motor 12 .
  • the inverter 72 By providing two inverters 72 , one is used to connect the battery 71 and the first motor 11 , and the other is used to connect the battery 71 and the second motor 12 .
  • the battery 71 is a rechargeable battery 71
  • the inverter 72 is provided on the output circuit of the battery 71 for converting the direct current output by the battery 71 into three-phase alternating current to drive the first motor 11 or the second motor 12 .
  • the inverter 72 and the transformer are integrated together, which facilitates installation and saves installation space.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an automobile, which includes a hybrid power system and an automobile body as described above, and the hybrid power system is located in the automobile body.
  • the hybrid power system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can operate in any one of the power modes, which include pure electric mode, hybrid drive mode, engine 10 direct drive mode and energy recovery mode.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of energy transfer in a pure electric mode of a hybrid power system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3, when the hybrid system switches to the pure electric mode, the engine 10 and the second motor 12 do not operate, the fifth clutch 60 is disengaged, the fourth clutch 55 is engaged, and the first electric motor 11 operates.
  • the battery 71 of the power supply component 70 is discharged, and the direct current is converted into three-phase alternating current through the inverter 72 to drive the output shaft of the first motor 11 to rotate, and the power of the first motor 11 is transmitted to the motor through the third transmission mechanism.
  • the second main shaft 22 drives the wheels 13 to realize pure electric mode.
  • the first motor 11 can also be used to drive the vehicle to travel in reverse gear.
  • the engine 10 and the second motor 12 do not work, the fifth clutch 60 is disengaged, the fourth clutch 55 is engaged, and the first motor 11 is reversed to realize reversing.
  • the hybrid mode includes four modes.
  • the engine 10 works and drives the second motor 12 to generate electricity, the first motor 11 works, and the car is driven by the first motor 11 alone.
  • the first clutch 35 is disengaged
  • the second clutch 36 is engaged
  • the third clutch 45 is disengaged
  • the fourth clutch 55 is engaged
  • the fifth clutch 60 is disengaged.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of energy transfer in a hybrid power system of a hybrid power system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the power of the engine 10 is sequentially transmitted to the second motor 12 through the first main shaft 21 and the first transmission mechanism to drive the second motor 12 to generate electricity with high power; the first motor 11 The power passes through the first main shaft 21, the third transmission mechanism and the second main shaft 22 in sequence to drive the wheel 13 to rotate.
  • the engine 10 works and drives the second motor 12 to generate electricity, the first motor 11 works, and the car is driven by the first motor 11 alone.
  • the first clutch 35 is engaged, the second clutch 36 is disengaged, the third clutch 45 is disengaged, the fourth clutch 55 is engaged, and the fifth clutch 60 is disengaged.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of energy transfer in a hybrid power system of a hybrid power system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the power of the engine 10 is sequentially transmitted to the second motor 12 through the first main shaft 21 and the first transmission mechanism to drive the second motor 12 to generate electricity with lower power; the first motor The power of 11 passes through the first main shaft 21, the third transmission mechanism and the second main shaft 22 in sequence to drive the wheel 13 to rotate.
  • the engine 10 works and drives the second motor 12 to generate electricity and drive the vehicle.
  • the first motor 11 works, and the vehicle is driven by the engine 10 and the first motor 11 together.
  • the first clutch 35 is engaged, the second clutch 36 is disengaged, the third clutch 45 is disengaged, the fourth clutch 55 is engaged, and the fifth clutch 60 is engaged.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of energy transfer in a hybrid power system of a hybrid power system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • part of the power of the engine 10 is transmitted to the second motor 12 through the first main shaft 21 and the first transmission mechanism in order to drive the second motor 12 to generate electricity at a lower power; the engine 10
  • the other part of the power is transmitted to the wheel 13 through the first main shaft 21, the fifth clutch 60, the third transmission mechanism and the second main shaft 22 in sequence to drive the wheel 13 to rotate.
  • the power of the first motor 11 passes through the first main shaft 21, the third transmission mechanism and the second main shaft 22 in sequence to drive the wheel 13 to rotate.
  • the engine 10 works and drives the second motor 12 to generate electricity and drive the vehicle.
  • the first motor 11 works, and the vehicle is driven by the engine 10 and the first motor 11 together.
  • the first clutch 35 is engaged, the second clutch 36 is disengaged, the third clutch 45 is engaged, the fourth clutch 55 is engaged, and the fifth clutch 60 is disengaged.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of energy transfer in a hybrid power system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • part of the power of the engine 10 is sequentially transmitted to the second motor 12 through the first main shaft 21 and the first transmission mechanism to drive the second motor 12 to generate electricity at a lower power; the engine 10
  • the other part of the power is transmitted to the wheel 13 through the first main shaft 21, the second transmission mechanism and the second main shaft 22 in sequence to drive the wheel 13 to rotate.
  • the power of the first motor 11 passes through the first main shaft 21, the third transmission mechanism and the second main shaft 22 in sequence to drive the wheel 13 to rotate.
  • the direct drive mode of the engine 10 includes two modes.
  • the engine 10 works and drives the second motor 12 to generate electricity and drive the vehicle.
  • the first motor 11 does not work, and the vehicle is driven by the engine 10 alone.
  • the first clutch 35 is engaged, the second clutch 36 is disengaged, the third clutch 45 is engaged, the fourth clutch 55 is disengaged, and the fifth clutch 60 is disengaged.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of energy transfer in the direct drive mode of the engine 10 of a hybrid power system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • part of the power of the engine 10 is transmitted to the second motor 12 through the first main shaft 21 and the first transmission mechanism in order to drive the second motor 12 to generate electricity at a lower power; the engine 10
  • the other part of the power is transmitted to the wheel 13 through the first main shaft 21, the second transmission mechanism and the second main shaft 22 in sequence to drive the wheel 13 to rotate.
  • the engine 10 works and drives the second motor 12 to generate electricity and drive the vehicle.
  • the first motor 11 does not work, and the vehicle is driven by the engine 10 alone.
  • the first clutch 35 is engaged, the second clutch 36 is disengaged, the third clutch 45 is disengaged, the fourth clutch 55 is engaged, and the fifth clutch 60 is engaged.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of energy transfer in the direct drive mode of the engine 10 of a hybrid system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • part of the power of the engine 10 is sequentially transmitted to the second motor 12 through the first main shaft 21 and the first transmission mechanism to drive the second motor 12 to generate electricity at a lower power; the engine 10
  • the other part of the power is transmitted to the wheel 13 through the first main shaft 21, the fifth clutch 60, the third transmission mechanism and the second main shaft 22 in sequence to drive the wheel 13 to rotate.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of energy transfer in the energy recovery mode of a hybrid power system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 10, when the hybrid system switches to the energy recovery mode, the engine 10 and the second motor 12 do not operate, the fifth clutch 60 is disengaged, the fourth clutch 55 is engaged, and the first motor 11 is in the power generation mode.
  • the wheels 13 when the vehicle is in coasting or braking conditions, the wheels 13 provide reverse torque and transfer part of the vehicle's kinetic energy to the first motor 11 via the second main shaft 22 and the third transmission mechanism to convert it into electrical energy and store it in the electric motor 11 .
  • the power supply component 70 is used as a backup to realize the energy recovery function of the first motor 11 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种变速箱、混合动力系统和汽车,该变速箱包括:壳体(100)、第一变速机构、第一主轴(21)和第二主轴(22);第一变速机构位于壳体(100)内,第一主轴(21)和第二主轴(22)均活动插装在壳体(100)上,第一主轴(21)用于与第一动力源传动连接,第一主轴(21)与第二主轴(22)传动连接,第二主轴(22)用于与车轮(13)传动连接;第一变速机构包括:第一中心轮(31)、多个第一行星轮(32)、第一行星架(33)、第一齿圈(34)、第一离合器(35)和第二离合器(36),第一行星架(33)与第一主轴(21)同轴相连,第一中心轮(31)用于与发电机构传动连接;第一离合器(35)分别与第一齿圈(34)和第一行星架(33)相连,第二离合器(36)分别与第一齿圈(34)和壳体(100)相连。

Description

变速箱、混合动力系统和汽车
本公开要求于2022年8月30日提交的申请号为202211055321.2、发明名称为“变速箱、混合动力系统和汽车”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及汽车技术领域,特别涉及一种变速箱、混合动力系统和汽车。
背景技术
混合动力系统是一种以发动机和电机作为动力源,共同驱动汽车行驶的动力系统,其中电机通常还能够被当做发电机使用。
相关技术中,混合动力系统包括变速箱、发动机和电机,发动机与变速箱传动连接以向变速箱传递动力,变速箱的动力输出至车轮,以驱动车辆行驶。通常发动机的输出轴还会与电机的输出轴传动连接,以驱动电机发电。
然而,发动机驱动电机发电的模式单一,不利于结合实际车况充分发挥电机的性能,提升混合动力系统的发电效率。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供了一种变速箱、混合动力系统和汽车,能控制发电机构以不同功率发电,提升混合动力系统的发电效率。所述技术方案如下:
本公开实施例提供了一种变速箱,所述变速箱包括:壳体、第一变速机构、第一主轴和第二主轴;所述第一变速机构位于所述壳体内,所述第一主轴和所述第二主轴均活动插装在所述壳体上,所述第一主轴用于与第一动力源传动连接,所述第一主轴与所述第二主轴传动连接,所述第二主轴用于与车轮传动连接;所述第一变速机构包括:第一中心轮、多个第一行星轮、第一行星架、第一齿圈、第一离合器和第二离合器,所述第一齿圈与所述第一中心轮同轴布置,所述多个第一行星轮位于所述第一中心轮和所述第一齿圈之间,且均与所述第一中心轮和所述第一齿圈啮合,所述第一行星架与所述第一主轴同轴相连,所 述第一中心轮用于与发电机构传动连接;所述第一离合器分别与所述第一齿圈和所述第一行星架相连,用于控制所述第一齿圈和所述第一行星架连接或分离,所述第二离合器分别与所述第一齿圈和所述壳体相连,用于制动或释放所述第一齿圈。
在本公开实施例的另一种实现方式中,所述第一离合器和所述第二离合器均包括:飞轮和从动盘,所述飞轮与所述从动盘被配置为可操控地相连或分离;所述第一离合器的飞轮与所述第一行星架同轴相连,所述第一离合器的从动盘与所述第一齿圈同轴相连;所述第二离合器的飞轮与所述第一齿圈同轴相连,所述第二离合器的从动盘与所述壳体相连。
在本公开实施例的一种实现方式中,所述变速箱还包括第二变速机构和第三离合器,所述第二变速机构和所述第三离合器位于所述壳体内;所述第二变速机构包括:第二中心轮、第二行星架、多个第二行星轮和第二齿圈,所述第二齿圈与所述第二中心轮同轴布置,所述多个第二行星轮位于所述第二中心轮和所述第二齿圈之间,且均与所述第二中心轮和所述第二齿圈啮合,所述第二行星架与所述第一主轴同轴相连,且所述第二行星架与所述第一行星架间隔分布,所述第二齿圈与所述第二主轴传动连接,所述第三离合器连接所述第二中心轮和所述壳体,用于制动或释放所述第二中心轮。
在本公开实施例的另一种实现方式中,所述变速箱还包括第一传动齿轮,所述第一传动齿轮与所述第二主轴同轴连接,所述第二齿圈的外壁设有轮齿,所述第一传动齿轮与所述第二齿圈外的轮齿啮合。
在本公开实施例的另一种实现方式中,所述变速箱还包括第三变速机构和第四离合器,所述第三变速机构和所述第四离合器位于所述壳体内;所述第三变速机构包括:第三中心轮、第三行星架、多个第三行星轮和第三齿圈,所述第三齿圈与所述第三中心轮同轴布置,所述多个第三行星轮位于所述第三中心轮和所述第三齿圈之间,且均与所述第三中心轮和所述第三齿圈啮合,所述第三齿圈与所述第一主轴同轴相连,且所述第三齿圈与所述第一行星架间隔分布,所述第三行星架与所述第二主轴传动连接,所述第四离合器连接所述第三中心轮和所述壳体,用于制动或释放所述第三中心轮。
在本公开实施例的另一种实现方式中,所述变速箱还包括第二传动齿轮,所述第二传动齿轮与所述第二主轴同轴连接,所述第三行星架上设有齿环,所 述第二传动齿轮与所述齿环啮合。
在本公开实施例的另一种实现方式中,所述第一主轴包括第一段和第二段,所述第一段和所述第二段同轴间隔分布,所述变速箱还包括第五离合器,所述第五离合器分别与所述第一段和所述第二段相连,且所述第五离合器位于所述第一行星架和所述第三齿圈之间。
本公开实施例提供了一种混合动力系统,所述混合动力系统包括第一动力源、第二动力源、发电机构和如前文所述的变速箱,所述第一动力源为发动机,所述第二动力源为第一电机,所述发电机构为第二电机;所述发动机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机均位于所述壳体外,所述发动机的输出轴和所述第一电机的输出轴均与所述第一主轴传动连接,且所述发动机和所述第一电机位于所述第五离合器的两侧,所述第二电机的输出轴与所述第一中心轮同轴相连。
在本公开实施例的另一种实现方式中,所述混合动力系统还包括供电组件,所述供电组件位于所述壳体外,所述供电组件包括:电池和两个逆变器,所述两个逆变器中的一个连接在所述电池和所述第一电机之间,所述两个逆变器中的另一个连接在所述电池和所述第二电机之间。
本公开实施例提供了一种汽车,所述汽车包括如前文所述的混合动力系统和汽车车身,所述混合动力系统位于所述汽车车身内。
本公开实施例提供的技术方案带来的有益效果至少包括:
本公开实施例的变速箱中,第一动力源的动力可以通过第一主轴传递至第一变速机构的第一行星架,其中,第一变速机构中设有第一离合器和第二离合器,第一离合器能连接或分离第一齿圈和第一行星架,第二离合器能连接或分离第一齿圈和壳体。第一离合器连接第一齿圈和第一行星架时,第一齿圈和第一行星架组合为整体,此时第一行星架主动,第一中心轮从动,第一行星架和第一中心轮处于第一种速比下转动;第二离合器连接第一齿圈和壳体时,第一齿圈固定,此时第一行星架主动,第一中心轮从动,第一行星架和第一中心轮处于第二种速比下转动。这样通过控制第一离合器或第二离合器结合,就能让第一动力源在相同的配速下,控制发电机构以不同的转速发电,这样就能结合实际车况,控制发电机构以不同功率发电,充分发挥发电机构的性能,提升混合动力系统的发电效率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本公开实施例提供的一种变速箱的结构示意图;
图2是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统的结构示意图;
图3是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统在纯电动模式下的能量传递示意图;
图4是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统在混合动力模式下的能量传递示意图;
图5是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统在混合动力模式下的能量传递示意图;
图6是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统在混合动力模式下的能量传递示意图;
图7是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统在混合动力模式下的能量传递示意图;
图8是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统在发动机直驱模式下的能量传递示意图;
图9是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统在发动机直驱模式下的能量传递示意图;
图10是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统在能量回收模式下的能量传递示意图。
图中各标记说明如下:
100、壳体;
10、发动机;11、第一电机;12、第二电机;13、车轮;
21、第一主轴;211、第一段;212、第二段;22、第二主轴;
31、第一中心轮;32、第一行星轮;33、第一行星架;34、第一齿圈;35、第一离合器;36、第二离合器;301、飞轮;302、从动盘;
41、第二中心轮;42、第二行星架;43、第二行星轮;44、第二齿圈;45、 第三离合器;46、第一传动齿轮;
51、第三中心轮;52、第三行星架;53、第三行星轮;54、第三齿圈;55、第四离合器;56、第二传动齿轮;57、齿环;
60、第五离合器;
70、供电组件;71、电池;72、逆变器。
具体实施方式
为使本公开的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本公开实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
除非另作定义,此处使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开专利申请说明书以及权利要求书中使用的“第一”、“第二”、“第三”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性,而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样,“一个”或者“一”等类似词语也不表示数量限制,而是表示存在至少一个。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现在“包括”或者“包含”前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在“包括”或者“包含”后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同,并不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接,而是可以包括电性的连接,不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“顶”、“底”等仅用于表示相对位置关系,当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后,则所述相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
图1是本公开实施例提供的一种变速箱的结构示意图。如图1所示,该变速箱包括:壳体100、第一变速机构、第一主轴21和第二主轴22。
如图1所示,第一变速机构位于壳体100内,第一主轴21和第二主轴22均活动插装在壳体100上,第一主轴21用于与第一动力源传动连接,第一主轴21与第二主轴22传动连接,第二主轴22用于与车轮13传动连接。
如图1所示,第一变速机构包括:第一中心轮31、多个第一行星轮32、第一行星架33、第一齿圈34、第一离合器35和第二离合器36,第一齿圈34与第一中心轮31同轴布置,多个第一行星轮32位于第一中心轮31和第一齿圈34之间,且均与第一中心轮31和第一齿圈34啮合,第一行星架33与第一主轴21 同轴相连,第一中心轮31用于与发电机构传动连接。
其中,第一离合器35分别与第一齿圈34和第一行星架33相连,用于控制第一齿圈34和第一行星架33连接或分离,第二离合器36分别与第一齿圈34和壳体100相连,用于制动或释放第一齿圈34。
本公开实施例的变速箱中,第一动力源的动力可以通过第一主轴21传递至第一变速机构的第一行星架33,其中,第一变速机构中设有第一离合器35和第二离合器36,第一离合器35能连接或分离第一齿圈34和第一行星架33,第二离合器36能连接或分离第一齿圈34和壳体100。第一离合器35连接第一齿圈34和第一行星架33时,第一齿圈34和第一行星架33组合为整体,此时第一行星架33主动,第一中心轮31从动,第一行星架33和第一中心轮31处于第一种速比下转动;第二离合器36连接第一齿圈34和壳体100时,第一齿圈34固定,此时第一行星架33主动,第一中心轮31从动,第一行星架33和第一中心轮31处于第二种速比下转动。这样通过控制第一离合器35或第二离合器36结合,就能让第一动力源在相同的配速下,控制发电机构以不同的转速发电,这样就能结合实际车况,控制发电机构以不同功率发电,充分发挥发电机构的性能,提升混合动力系统的发电效率。
可选地,如图1所示,第一离合器35和第二离合器36均包括:飞轮301和从动盘302,飞轮301与从动盘302被配置为可操控地相连或分离。
本公开实施例中,离合器的飞轮301可以在从动盘302内沿从动盘302的轴向移动,以与从动盘302贴合或分离,从而实现飞轮301与从动盘302的结合或分离,完成离合器的离合动作。
如图1所示,第一离合器35的飞轮301与第一行星架33同轴相连,第一离合器35的从动盘302与第一齿圈34同轴相连。通过第一离合器35连接第一齿圈34和第一行星架33,在控制第一离合器35结合时,就能让第一齿圈34和第一行星架33结合为一个整体,让第一齿圈34和第一行星架33一起转动,在控制第一离合器35分离时,就能让第一行星架33圈相对于第一齿圈34自由转动。
如图1所示,第二离合器36的飞轮301与第一齿圈34同轴相连,第二离合器36的从动盘302与壳体100相连。通过第二离合器36连接第一齿圈34和壳体100,在控制第二离合器36结合时,就能让第一齿圈34固定在壳体100上, 从而制动第一齿圈34,在控制第二离合器36分离时,就能让第一齿圈34相对于壳体100自由转动。
当第一离合器35分离而第二离合器36结合时,第一齿圈34固定,第一动力源的动力传递至第一中心轮31,驱动发电机构发电。该模式下,第一中心轮31的转速高于第一行星架33的转速,即为增速模式,这样可以控制发电机构以更高的功率发电。
示例性地,汽车处于定速巡航模式下,此时对动力需求不高,因此,可以让第一离合器35分离且第二离合器36结合,让发电机构高效发电。
当第一离合器35结合而第二离合器36分离时,第一齿圈34和第一行星架33固定为一体,第一动力源的动力传递至第一中心轮31,驱动发电机构发电。该模式下,第一中心轮31的转速与第一行星架33的转速一致,这样可以控制发电机构以较低的功率发电。
示例性地,汽车需要高速驾驶模式下,此时对动力需求较高,因此,可以让第一离合器35结合且第二离合器36分离,让发电机构低功率发电。
在其他一些实现方式中,第一离合器35和第二离合器36均可以分离,这样第一动力源的动力就不会传递至第一中心轮31,而驱动发电机构发电。
可选地,如图1所示,变速箱还包括第二变速机构和第三离合器45,第二变速机构和第三离合器45位于壳体100内。
如图1所示,第二变速机构包括:第二中心轮41、第二行星架42、多个第二行星轮43和第二齿圈44,第二齿圈44与第二中心轮41同轴布置,多个第二行星轮43位于第二中心轮41和第二齿圈44之间,且均与第二中心轮41和第二齿圈44啮合,第二行星架42与第一主轴21同轴相连,且第二行星架42与第一行星架33间隔分布,第二齿圈44与第二主轴22传动连接,第三离合器45连接第二中心轮41和壳体100,用于制动或释放第二中心轮41。
上述实现方式中,第一主轴21通过第二变速机构和第二主轴22传动连接,得以让第一动力源的动力传递至车轮13,从而驱动车辆行驶。其中,第二变速机构为行星轮系,让车辆实现无级变速,减小车辆运行噪声,提升混合动力系统的效率。
通过第三离合器45连接第二中心轮41和壳体100,在控制第三离合器45结合时,就能让第二中心轮41固定在壳体100上,从而制动第二中心轮41,在 控制第三离合器45分离时,就能让第二中心轮41相对于壳体100自由转动。
当第三离合器45结合时,第二中心轮41固定,第一动力源的动力传递至第二齿圈44和第二主轴22,驱动车轮13转动。当第三离合器45分离时,第二中心轮41可自由转动,此时第二变速机构不能传递动力至第二主轴22,因此,混合动力系统的动力中断,不驱动车辆行驶。
示例性地,如图1所示,变速箱还包括第一传动齿轮46,第一传动齿轮46与第二主轴22同轴连接,第二齿圈44的外壁设有轮齿,第一传动齿轮46与第二齿圈44外的轮齿啮合。
通过在第二齿圈44外设置轮齿,让第二变速机构的动力得以通过第二齿圈44的轮齿将动力传递至第一传动齿轮46,从而驱动第二主轴22转动,实现驱动车轮13转动的目的。
可选地,如图1所示,变速箱还包括第三变速机构和第四离合器55,第三变速机构和第四离合器55位于壳体100内。
如图1所示,第三变速机构包括:第三中心轮51、第三行星架52、多个第三行星轮53和第三齿圈54,第三齿圈54与第三中心轮51同轴布置,多个第三行星轮53位于第三中心轮51和第三齿圈54之间,且均与第三中心轮51和第三齿圈54啮合,第三齿圈54与第一主轴21同轴相连,且第三齿圈54与第一行星架33间隔分布,第三行星架52与第二主轴22传动连接,第四离合器55连接第三中心轮51和壳体100,用于制动或释放第三中心轮51。
上述实现方式中,第一主轴21通过第三变速机构和第二主轴22传动连接,得以让第一动力源的动力传递至车轮13,从而驱动车辆行驶。其中,第三变速机构为行星轮系,让车辆实现无级变速,减小车辆运行噪声,提升混合动力系统的效率。
通过第四离合器55连接第三中心轮51和壳体100,在控制第四离合器55结合时,就能让第三中心轮51固定在壳体100上,从而制动第三中心轮51,在控制第四离合器55分离时,就能让第三中心轮51相对于壳体100自由转动。
当第三离合器45结合时,第三中心轮51固定,第一动力源的动力传递至第三行星架52和第二主轴22,驱动车轮13转动。当第三离合器45分离时,第三中心轮51可自由转动,此时第三变速机构不能传递动力至第二主轴22,因此, 混合动力系统的动力中断,不驱动车辆行驶。
示例性地,如图1所示,变速箱还包括第二传动齿轮56,第二传动齿轮56与第二主轴22同轴连接,第三行星架52上设有齿环57,第二传动齿轮56与齿环57啮合。
其中,齿环57是环状结构,齿环57的外壁面具有齿轮。齿环57可以同轴套装在第三行星架52外,或者通过其他连接结构与第三行星架52同轴连接,这样第三行星架52转动就可以带动齿环57一起转动。
由于齿环57和第二传动齿轮56是啮合的,这样传递至第三变速机构的动力就可以通过第三行星架52的齿环57传递至第二传动齿轮56,从而驱动第二主轴22转动,实现驱动车轮13转动的目的。
可选地,如图1所示,第一主轴21包括第一段211和第二段212,第一段211和第二段212同轴间隔分布,变速箱还包括第五离合器60,第五离合器60分别与第一段211和第二段212相连,且第五离合器60位于第一行星架33和第三齿圈54之间。
通过设置第五离合器60能中断第一动力源和第三变速机构之间的动力传递,当第五离合器60结合时,第一动力源的动力可以传递至第三变速机构,以通过第三变速机构驱动车轮13转动,当第五离合器60分离时,第一动力源的动力无法传递至第三变速机构,此时可以通过第二变速机构传递至车轮13,以驱动车轮13转动。
这样通过设置第五离合器60可以根据实际情况选取不同的变速机构驱动车轮13,实现多挡位模式驱动车辆。
图2是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统的结构示意图。如图2所示,该混合动力系统包括第一动力源、第二动力源、发电机构和前文所述的变速箱。
其中,第一动力源为发动机10,第二动力源为第一电机11,发电机构为第二电机12。
如图1、2所示,发动机10、第一电机11和第二电机12均位于壳体100外,发动机10的输出轴和第一电机11的输出轴均与第一主轴21传动连接,且发动机10和第一电机11位于第五离合器60的两侧,第二电机12的输出轴与第一中心轮31同轴相连。
本公开实施例中,通过设置发动机10和第一电机11作为动力源,并配置 第二电机12作为发电机构,以形成混合动力系统,该种混合动力系统能通过变速箱将两个动力源的动力传递至第二主轴22,以驱动车轮13,且第一动力源工作时还可以控制发电机构发电,让第一动力源高效工作,提高混合动力系统的动力性能和续航能力。
如图2所示,发动机10和第一电机11位于第五离合器60的两侧,这样控制第五离合器60可以隔断发动机10和第一电机11之间的动力传递,在发动机10单独工作时,可以防止发动机10拖动第一电机11转动,而损耗动力。
可选地,如图2所示,混合动力系统还包括供电组件70,供电组件70位于壳体100外,供电组件70包括:电池71和两个逆变器72,两个逆变器72中的一个连接在电池71和第一电机11之间,两个逆变器72中的另一个连接在电池71和第二电机12之间。
通过设置两个逆变器72,其一用于连接电池71和第一电机11,其二用于连接电池71和第二电机12。其中,电池71为可充电电池71,逆变器72设置在电池71的输出电路上,用于将电池71输出的直流电转换成三相交流电后驱动第一电机11或第二电机12。另外,本公开实施例中逆变器72和变压器集成在一起,便于安装,并节省安装空间。
本公开实施例提供了一种汽车,该汽车包括如前文所述的混合动力系统和汽车车身,混合动力系统位于汽车车身内。
本公开实施例提供的混合动力系统可以采用动力模式中的任意一种运行,动力模式包括纯电动模式、混合驱动模式、发动机10直驱模式和能量回收模式。
以下以图2所示的混合动力系统为例对混合动力系统的各动力模式进行说明:
图3是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统在纯电动模式下的能量传递示意图。如图3所示,混合动力系统切换为纯电动模式时,发动机10、第二电机12不工作,第五离合器60分离,第四离合器55结合,第一电机11工作。
上述实现方式中,供电组件70的电池71放电,经过逆变器72将直流电转换为三相交流电后驱动第一电机11的输出轴旋转,且第一电机11的动力通过第三变速机构传递给第二主轴22以驱动车轮13,实现纯电动模式。
可选地,纯电动模式下还可以由第一电机11驱动车辆倒挡行驶。在倒车时, 发动机10和第二电机12不工作,第五离合器60分离,第四离合器55结合,第一电机11反转实现倒车。
本公开实施例中,混合动力模式包括四种模式。
在第一种模式下,发动机10工作并驱动第二电机12发电,第一电机11工作,汽车由第一电机11单独驱动。此时,第一离合器35分离,第二离合器36结合,第三离合器45分离,第四离合器55结合,第五离合器60分离。
图4是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统在混合动力模式下的能量传递示意图。如图4所示,在第一种模式下,发动机10的动力依次通过第一主轴21和第一变速机构传递至第二电机12,以驱动第二电机12以高功率发电;第一电机11的动力依次通过第一主轴21、第三变速机构和第二主轴22,以驱动车轮13转动。
在第二种模式下,发动机10工作并驱动第二电机12发电,第一电机11工作,汽车由第一电机11单独驱动。此时,第一离合器35结合,第二离合器36分离,第三离合器45分离,第四离合器55结合,第五离合器60分离。
图5是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统在混合动力模式下的能量传递示意图。如图5所示,在第二种模式下,发动机10的动力依次通过第一主轴21和第一变速机构传递至第二电机12,以驱动第二电机12以较低功率发电;第一电机11的动力依次通过第一主轴21、第三变速机构和第二主轴22,以驱动车轮13转动。
在第三种模式下,发动机10工作并驱动第二电机12发电且驱动车辆行驶,第一电机11工作,汽车由发动机10和第一电机11一起驱动。此时,第一离合器35结合,第二离合器36分离,第三离合器45分离,第四离合器55结合,第五离合器60结合。
图6是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统在混合动力模式下的能量传递示意图。如图6所示,在第三种模式下,发动机10的一部分动力依次通过第一主轴21和第一变速机构传递至第二电机12,以驱动第二电机12以较低功率发电;发动机10的另一部分动力依次通过第一主轴21、第五离合器60、第三变速机构和第二主轴22传递至车轮13,以驱动车轮13转动。第一电机11的动力依次通过第一主轴21、第三变速机构和第二主轴22,以驱动车轮13转动。
在第四种模式下,发动机10工作并驱动第二电机12发电且驱动车辆行驶, 第一电机11工作,汽车由发动机10和第一电机11一起驱动。此时,第一离合器35结合,第二离合器36分离,第三离合器45结合,第四离合器55结合,第五离合器60分离。
图7是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统在混合动力模式下的能量传递示意图。如图7所示,在第四种模式下,发动机10的一部分动力依次通过第一主轴21和第一变速机构传递至第二电机12,以驱动第二电机12以较低功率发电;发动机10的另一部分动力依次通过第一主轴21、第二变速机构和第二主轴22传递至车轮13,以驱动车轮13转动。第一电机11的动力依次通过第一主轴21、第三变速机构和第二主轴22,以驱动车轮13转动。
本公开实施例中,发动机10直驱模式包括两种模式。
在第一种模式下,发动机10工作并驱动第二电机12发电且驱动车辆行驶,第一电机11不工作,汽车由发动机10单独驱动。此时,第一离合器35结合,第二离合器36分离,第三离合器45结合,第四离合器55分离,第五离合器60分离。
图8是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统在发动机10直驱模式下的能量传递示意图。如图8所示,在第一种模式下,发动机10的一部分动力依次通过第一主轴21和第一变速机构传递至第二电机12,以驱动第二电机12以较低功率发电;发动机10的另一部分动力依次通过第一主轴21、第二变速机构和第二主轴22传递至车轮13,以驱动车轮13转动。
在第二种模式下,发动机10工作并驱动第二电机12发电且驱动车辆行驶,第一电机11不工作,汽车由发动机10单独驱动。此时,第一离合器35结合,第二离合器36分离,第三离合器45分离,第四离合器55结合,第五离合器60结合。
图9是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统在发动机10直驱模式下的能量传递示意图。如图9所示,在第二种模式下,发动机10的一部分动力依次通过第一主轴21和第一变速机构传递至第二电机12,以驱动第二电机12以较低功率发电;发动机10的另一部分动力依次通过第一主轴21、第五离合器60、第三变速机构和第二主轴22传递至车轮13,以驱动车轮13转动。
图10是本公开实施例提供的一种混合动力系统在能量回收模式下的能量传递示意图。如图10所示,混合动力系统切换为能量回收模式时,发动机10、第 二电机12不工作,第五离合器60分离,第四离合器55结合,第一电机11处于发电模式。
上述实现方式中,车辆处于滑行或者制动工况,车轮13提供反向力矩,将车辆的部分动能经由第二主轴22、第三变速机构传递至第一电机11,以转换为电能,存入供电组件70中备用,实现第一电机11的能量回收功能。
以上所述仅为本公开的可选实施例,并不用以限制本公开,凡在本公开的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种变速箱,其特征在于,所述变速箱包括:壳体(100)、第一变速机构、第一主轴(21)和第二主轴(22);
    所述第一变速机构位于所述壳体(100)内,所述第一主轴(21)和所述第二主轴(22)均活动插装在所述壳体(100)上,所述第一主轴(21)用于与第一动力源传动连接,所述第一主轴(21)与所述第二主轴(22)传动连接,所述第二主轴(22)用于与车轮(13)传动连接;
    所述第一变速机构包括:第一中心轮(31)、多个第一行星轮(32)、第一行星架(33)、第一齿圈(34)、第一离合器(35)和第二离合器(36),所述第一齿圈(34)与所述第一中心轮(31)同轴布置,所述多个第一行星轮(32)位于所述第一中心轮(31)和所述第一齿圈(34)之间,且均与所述第一中心轮(31)和所述第一齿圈(34)啮合,所述第一行星架(33)与所述第一主轴(21)同轴相连,所述第一中心轮(31)用于与发电机构传动连接;
    所述第一离合器(35)分别与所述第一齿圈(34)和所述第一行星架(33)相连,用于控制所述第一齿圈(34)和所述第一行星架(33)连接或分离,所述第二离合器(36)分别与所述第一齿圈(34)和所述壳体(100)相连,用于制动或释放所述第一齿圈(34)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的变速箱,其特征在于,所述第一离合器(35)和所述第二离合器(36)均包括:飞轮(301)和从动盘(302),所述飞轮(301)与所述从动盘(302)被配置为可操控地相连或分离;
    所述第一离合器(35)的飞轮(301)与所述第一行星架(33)同轴相连,所述第一离合器(35)的从动盘(302)与所述第一齿圈(34)同轴相连;
    所述第二离合器(36)的飞轮(301)与所述第一齿圈(34)同轴相连,所述第二离合器(36)的从动盘(302)与所述壳体(100)相连。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的变速箱,其特征在于,所述变速箱还包括第二变速机构和第三离合器(45),所述第二变速机构和所述第三离合器(45)位于所述壳体(100)内;
    所述第二变速机构包括:第二中心轮(41)、第二行星架(42)、多个第二行星轮(43)和第二齿圈(44),所述第二齿圈(44)与所述第二中心轮(41)同轴布置,所述多个第二行星轮(43)位于所述第二中心轮(41)和所述第二齿圈(44)之间,且均与所述第二中心轮(41)和所述第二齿圈(44)啮合,所述第二行星架(42)与所述第一主轴(21)同轴相连,且所述第二行星架(42)与所述第一行星架(33)间隔分布,所述第二齿圈(44)与所述第二主轴(22)传动连接,所述第三离合器(45)连接所述第二中心轮(41)和所述壳体(100),用于制动或释放所述第二中心轮(41)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的变速箱,其特征在于,所述变速箱还包括第一传动齿轮(46),所述第一传动齿轮(46)与所述第二主轴(22)同轴连接,所述第二齿圈(44)的外壁设有轮齿,所述第一传动齿轮(46)与所述第二齿圈(44)外的轮齿啮合。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的变速箱,其特征在于,所述变速箱还包括第三变速机构和第四离合器(55),所述第三变速机构和所述第四离合器(55)位于所述壳体(100)内;
    所述第三变速机构包括:第三中心轮(51)、第三行星架(52)、多个第三行星轮(53)和第三齿圈(54),所述第三齿圈(54)与所述第三中心轮(51)同轴布置,所述多个第三行星轮(53)位于所述第三中心轮(51)和所述第三齿圈(54)之间,且均与所述第三中心轮(51)和所述第三齿圈(54)啮合,所述第三齿圈(54)与所述第一主轴(21)同轴相连,且所述第三齿圈(54)与所述第一行星架(33)间隔分布,所述第三行星架(52)与所述第二主轴(22)传动连接,所述第四离合器(55)连接所述第三中心轮(51)和所述壳体(100),用于制动或释放所述第三中心轮(51)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的变速箱,其特征在于,所述变速箱还包括第二传动齿轮(56),所述第二传动齿轮(56)与所述第二主轴(22)同轴连接,所述第三行星架(52)上设有齿环(57),所述第二传动齿轮(56)与所述齿环(57)啮合。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的变速箱,其特征在于,所述第一主轴(21)包括第一段(211)和第二段(212),所述第一段(211)和所述第二段(212)同轴间隔分布,所述变速箱还包括第五离合器(60),所述第五离合器(60)分别与所述第一段(211)和所述第二段(212)相连,且所述第五离合器(60)位于所述第一行星架(33)和所述第三齿圈(54)之间。
  8. 一种混合动力系统,其特征在于,所述混合动力系统包括第一动力源、第二动力源、发电机构和如权利要求7所述的变速箱,所述第一动力源为发动机(10),所述第二动力源为第一电机(11),所述发电机构为第二电机(12);
    所述发动机(10)、所述第一电机(11)和所述第二电机(12)均位于所述壳体(100)外,所述发动机(10)的输出轴和所述第一电机(11)的输出轴均与所述第一主轴(21)传动连接,且所述发动机(10)和所述第一电机(11)位于所述第五离合器(60)的两侧,所述第二电机(12)的输出轴与所述第一中心轮(31)同轴相连。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的混合动力系统,其特征在于,所述混合动力系统还包括供电组件(70),所述供电组件(70)位于所述壳体(100)外,所述供电组件(70)包括:电池(71)和两个逆变器(72),所述两个逆变器(72)中的一个连接在所述电池(71)和所述第一电机(11)之间,所述两个逆变器(72)中的另一个连接在所述电池(71)和所述第二电机(12)之间。
  10. 一种汽车,其特征在于,所述汽车包括如权利要求8或9所述的混合动力系统和汽车车身,所述混合动力系统位于所述汽车车身内。
PCT/CN2022/137112 2022-08-30 2022-12-07 变速箱、混合动力系统和汽车 WO2024045402A1 (zh)

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