WO2024045100A1 - 三相交流系统的继电保护方法、装置及设备 - Google Patents

三相交流系统的继电保护方法、装置及设备 Download PDF

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WO2024045100A1
WO2024045100A1 PCT/CN2022/116374 CN2022116374W WO2024045100A1 WO 2024045100 A1 WO2024045100 A1 WO 2024045100A1 CN 2022116374 W CN2022116374 W CN 2022116374W WO 2024045100 A1 WO2024045100 A1 WO 2024045100A1
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phase
signal
sampling
parker
relay protection
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French (fr)
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施慎行
张开鑫
董新洲
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/22—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of power system relay protection, and more specifically to relay protection methods, devices and equipment for three-phase AC systems.
  • the traditional spectrum analysis method uses discrete Fourier transform to transform the time domain signal into the frequency domain and then calculate and analyze the characteristic values (including signal amplitude and phase angle).
  • This method requires as many as 20 sampling points. to 40, and the calculation accuracy of this method decreases when sampling with non-integer periods, and because the discrete Fourier transform involves the operation of complex numbers, its calculation amount is usually large and the calculation speed is slow.
  • the requirements for relay protection devices are also higher. It is necessary to study faster and more accurate relay protection methods for three-phase AC systems to improve the speed and accuracy of relay protection devices.
  • This application provides a relay protection method, device and equipment for a three-phase AC system, which aims to at least solve at least one of the above problems.
  • An embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a relay protection method for a three-phase AC system.
  • the relay protection method for the three-phase AC system includes:
  • the characteristic value of the three-phase AC signal is determined through Parker transform, and the characteristic value includes at least one of the effective value of the signal and the phase angle;
  • the relay protection method of the three-phase AC system before determining the characteristic value of the three-phase AC signal through Parker transformation, the relay protection method of the three-phase AC system also includes:
  • the phase-locked reference voltage signal is a sinusoidal voltage signal or a cosine voltage signal, and is related to the frequency of the three-phase AC system and the sampling time corresponding to the sampling data;
  • the characteristic values of the three-phase AC signal are determined through Parker transform, including:
  • the characteristic values of the three-phase AC system are determined through the Parker transform.
  • phase-locked reference voltage signal is a sinusoidal AC signal
  • expression of the phase-locked reference voltage is:
  • u r is the phase-locked reference voltage signal
  • ⁇ is the frequency of the three-phase AC system
  • t is the sampling time corresponding to the sampling data
  • the characteristic values of the three-phase AC system are determined through Parker transformation, including:
  • the characteristic value is determined through the second calculation formula
  • the first calculation formula is:
  • u d represents the d-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation
  • u q represents the q-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation
  • u 0 represents the 0-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation
  • u A , u B and u C represent the three-phase
  • u r is the phase-locked reference voltage signal value
  • the second calculation formula is:
  • U is the effective voltage value of the three-phase AC signal
  • u d represents the d-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation
  • u q represents the q-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation.
  • the characteristic values of the three-phase AC signal are determined through Parker transformation, including:
  • the target phase sequence component includes at least one of a positive sequence component, a negative sequence component and a zero sequence component;
  • the three-phase AC signals of the three-phase AC system are sampled to obtain sampling data, including:
  • synchronous sampling is performed at a sampling time interval of 1/3 of the AC signal period to obtain sampling data.
  • the target phase sequence components include positive sequence components, negative sequence components and zero sequence components
  • Perform phase sequence transformation on the sampled data to obtain the target phase sequence components of the three-phase AC signal including:
  • the third calculation formula is:
  • the sampling data includes: each phase of the three-phase AC signal at time t 0 and and The instantaneous value of voltage at time; set at time t 0 and time and The sampling point numbers at the time are 1, 5, and 9 respectively.
  • Perform Parker transform on the target phase sequence component to determine the characteristic values of the three-phase AC signal including:
  • the characteristic value of the three-phase AC signal is determined through the fourth calculation formula
  • the fourth calculation formula is:
  • n +, - or 0
  • ⁇ is the frequency of the three-phase AC system
  • t is the time point related to the sampling time corresponding to the sampling data.
  • the three-phase AC signals of the three-phase AC system are sampled to obtain sampling data, including:
  • Single-point sampling is performed on the three-phase AC signal of the three-phase AC system to obtain sampling data.
  • the relay protection method of the three-phase AC system before sampling the three-phase AC signal of the three-phase AC system, the relay protection method of the three-phase AC system also includes:
  • the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application also provides a relay protection device for a three-phase AC system.
  • the relay protection device for the three-phase AC system includes:
  • the sampling module is used to sample the three-phase AC signals of the three-phase AC system to obtain sampling data
  • a determination module configured to determine the characteristic value of the three-phase AC signal through Parker transform based on the sampling data, where the characteristic value includes at least one of the effective value of the signal and the phase angle;
  • the execution module is used to execute the relay protection action on the three-phase AC system with the characteristic value.
  • a third embodiment of the present application provides a relay protection device for a three-phase AC system, which device includes:
  • the processor executes the computer program instructions, it implements the relay protection method of the three-phase AC system provided in any one of the above embodiments of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer storage medium.
  • Computer program instructions are stored on the computer-readable storage medium.
  • any one of the above embodiments of the present application is implemented.
  • the embodiment of the fifth aspect of the present application provides a computer program product.
  • the electronic device When the instructions in the computer program product are executed by a processor of an electronic device, the electronic device causes the electronic device to execute the three steps provided in any one of the above embodiments of the present application. Relay protection methods for phase AC systems.
  • the relay protection method, device and equipment of the three-phase AC system in the embodiment of the present application can accurately and quickly calculate the three-phase AC signal by performing Parker transform on the sampling data obtained from the three-phase AC signal of the three-phase AC system. Characteristic value, in this way, the relay protection action for the three-phase AC system is performed according to the obtained characteristic value.
  • the relay protection method, device and equipment for a three-phase AC system provided by the embodiments of the present application can effectively realize the rapid calculation of the characteristic values of the three-phase AC system, thereby reducing the protection action judgment time of the relay protection device and improving Improve the quick action of relay protection.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a relay protection method for a three-phase AC system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 is another schematic flow chart of a relay protection method for a three-phase AC system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 3 is a schematic flowchart of yet another relay protection method for a three-phase AC system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a relay protection device for a three-phase AC system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the relay protection equipment of the three-phase AC system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a relay protection method for a three-phase AC system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the relay protection method of the three-phase AC system is applied to electronic equipment, which may include servers or terminals.
  • the relay protection method of the three-phase AC system includes the following steps:
  • the characteristic value includes at least one of the effective value of the signal and the phase angle;
  • the relay protection method of the three-phase AC system in the embodiment of the present application can accurately and quickly calculate the characteristic value of the three-phase AC signal by performing Parker transform on the sampled data obtained from the three-phase AC signal of the three-phase AC system. In this way, the relay protection action for the three-phase AC system is performed based on the obtained characteristic values.
  • the relay protection method of the three-phase AC system provided by the embodiment of the present application can effectively realize the rapid calculation of the characteristic value of the three-phase AC system, thereby reducing the protection action judgment time of the relay protection device and improving the relay protection. Quickness.
  • sampling when sampling three-phase AC signals, sampling can be carried out according to the preset frequency and the preset sampling number to obtain corresponding sampling data of the three phases A, B, and C.
  • the preset frequency during the sampling process The specific sampling data and preset sampling data can be determined according to the actual relay protection accuracy requirements or subsequent characteristic value calculation requirements.
  • the above sampled three-phase AC signals may be voltage signals or/and current signals of three phases A, B, and C.
  • the sampled voltage signals or current signals are suitable for subsequent eigenvalue calculation based on Parker transform.
  • the mutation amount startup method can be used to determine the start of the startup algorithm. For example, by continuously monitoring electrical parameters, such as current and voltage signals, it is determined whether there is a sudden change in the electrical quantity. If it exceeds a preset electrical value, the startup algorithm is started.
  • the three-phase AC system can essentially be divided into a three-phase symmetrical AC system and a three-phase asymmetrical AC system.
  • the required sampling data and subsequent characteristics There will also be differences in the value calculation process. Therefore, in order to achieve more reasonable relay protection for the three-phase AC system, different sampling methods can be adopted to sample the three-phase AC signals in a more targeted manner.
  • step 110 in order to further reduce the measurement time and effectively improve the snap-action performance of the relay protection, when the three-phase AC system is a three-phase symmetrical AC system, the above-mentioned three-phase The three-phase AC signals of the AC system are sampled to obtain sampling data, which is step 110, which may include:
  • Single-point sampling is performed on the three-phase AC signal of the three-phase AC system to obtain sampling data.
  • the three-phase symmetrical AC system usually includes a three-phase AC system that has not experienced a fault, and a three-phase AC system that has experienced a three-phase ground fault.
  • the eigenvalue calculation method based on Parker transform only needs to use the sampling data of the three-phase AC signal at any point in time for calculation. The calculation speed is extremely fast and the result is accurate. .
  • the signals of each of the three phases A, B, and C can also be synchronized at multiple time points during sampling. Sampling, in this way, combines multiple sampling data to further improve the accuracy of subsequent eigenvalue calculations and the reliability of relay protection.
  • the three-phase AC system is a three-phase asymmetrical AC system.
  • the above-mentioned sampling of the three-phase AC signal of the three-phase AC system is performed to obtain sampling data, which is step 110, which may specifically include:
  • synchronous sampling is performed at a sampling time interval of 1/3 of the AC signal period to obtain sampling data.
  • the startup algorithm for the three-phase symmetrical AC system can be determined when the voltage or current of each phase of the three phases A, B, and C is reduced below a certain threshold, or reduced by a certain percentage. Start; and when only one or two of the three phases A, B, and C decrease in voltage or current, it is determined that the startup algorithm for the three-phase asymmetric AC system starts.
  • the relay protection method of the three-phase AC system may also include:
  • Sampling three-phase AC signals of a three-phase AC system can include:
  • the analog signals of the three-phase AC system can be low-pass filtered through a low-pass filter, and then converted into a digital signal containing only the fundamental frequency component after low-pass filtering, effectively reducing the subsequent Interference caused by other frequencies during the calculation process.
  • the three-phase AC signal after extracting the fundamental frequency through low-pass filtering is sampled to obtain the sampling data of the three-phase AC signal containing the fundamental frequency.
  • the subsequent eigenvalue calculation based on the Parker transform can be made more accurate. efficient.
  • the Parker transform is used to specifically determine the characteristic value of the three-phase AC signal.
  • the above characteristic value may include at least one of the effective value of the signal and the phase angle, which may depend on the relay protection requirements.
  • the following uses the voltage signal in the three-phase symmetrical AC system as an example to introduce the relay protection method of the three-phase AC system provided by this application.
  • the sampling data includes the three phases A, B, and C.
  • the instantaneous voltage value of each phase at time t is obtained.
  • u A , u B , and u C represent the instantaneous values of the three-phase voltages A, B, and C respectively;
  • U represents the effective value of the voltage signal;
  • t is the sampling time, and
  • ⁇ represents the frequency of the voltage signal.
  • the subscripts A, B, and C represent the three phases A, B, and C respectively.
  • the characteristic values (including the effective value U and voltage signal of the voltage signal) can be realized. Represents the accurate calculation of the phase angle of the voltage signal).
  • the Parker transformation is a coordinate transformation. Its principle is to convert digital quantities at stationary A, B, and C coordinates into digital quantities at rotating dq coordinates. In order to make the Parker transformation matrix reversible, a virtual 0-axis coordinate is added.
  • u d represents the d-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation
  • u q represents the q-axis component after Parker transformation
  • u 0 represents the 0-axis component after Parker transformation
  • u A , u B , u C are the same as (1)
  • the meanings in the formula are the same, representing the instantaneous values of the three-phase voltages A, B, and C respectively, and ⁇ corresponds to the frequency of the three-phase symmetrical system.
  • the signal at the dq0 coordinate obtained through Parker transformation is DC signal.
  • U is the effective voltage value of the three-phase AC signal
  • u d represents the d-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation
  • u q represents the q-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation.
  • the relay protection method of the three-phase AC system provided by the embodiment of the present application only needs to sample the three-phase symmetrical signal at any one time point.
  • the calculation of the characteristic value can be completed by using the Parker transform. This effectively improves the quickness and accuracy of the relay protection of the three-phase AC system.
  • phase locking means: the phase synchronization between the two signals, that is, the phase locking between the two signals remains unchanged.
  • ⁇ t corresponding to the sampled data of the three-phase AC signal can be obtained in real time through the corresponding detection device.
  • the corresponding detection device is used to obtain the ⁇ t corresponding to the three-phase single-point sampling at time t, and the sampling can be realized. Phase locking of the three-phase AC signal to ensure that ⁇ t in the Parker transformation matrix is consistent with the signal to be calculated.
  • each phase AC signal is synchronously sampled at a sampling time interval of 1/3 of the AC signal period.
  • ⁇ t due to the difference in the sampling time corresponding to each sampling data, Correlation, therefore, by simply obtaining the ⁇ t corresponding to one of the sampled data, the phase locking of the three-phase AC signal can be achieved, thereby ensuring that the ⁇ t in the Parker transformation matrix is consistent with the signal to be calculated.
  • the relay protection method of the three-phase AC system can also include:
  • the phase-locked reference voltage signal is a sinusoidal voltage signal or a cosine voltage signal, and is related to the frequency of the three-phase AC system and the sampling time corresponding to the sampling data;
  • the characteristic values of the three-phase AC signal are determined through Parker transform, which can include:
  • the characteristic values of the three-phase AC system are determined through the Parker transform.
  • the required phase-locking information ⁇ t is converted into a sinusoidal voltage signal or cosine voltage signal containing ⁇ t information.
  • the parameter ⁇ t in the Parker transformation matrix can be Including the expression replacement of the above-mentioned sinusoidal voltage signal or cosine voltage signal, thereby indirectly realizing the phase locking operation of the three-phase AC system in the Parker transformation, and achieving accurate and rapid calculation of the characteristic values of the three-phase AC system.
  • a sine voltage signal or cosine voltage signal synchronized with the frequency and time of the three-phase AC system can be pre-generated inside the relay protection device.
  • the phase-locked reference voltage signal can be substituted into the Parker transformation matrix, and then according to The sampled data and the Parker transformation matrix substituted into the phase-locked reference voltage signal are subjected to Parker transformation, so that the eigenvalues of the three-phase AC system can be accurately and efficiently calculated.
  • phase-locked reference voltage signal may be a standard sinusoidal AC signal with a maximum value of 1, and the expression of the phase-locked reference voltage is as shown in Equation 6:
  • u r is the phase-locked reference voltage signal
  • ⁇ is the frequency of the three-phase AC system
  • t is the sampling time corresponding to the sampling data
  • the characteristic values of the three-phase AC system are determined through Parker transformation, which can include:
  • the characteristic value is determined through the second calculation formula
  • the first calculation formula can be as shown in Equation 7:
  • u d represents the d-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation
  • u q represents the q-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation
  • u 0 represents the 0-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation
  • u A , u B and u C represent respectively
  • u r is the phase-locked reference voltage signal value
  • the second calculation formula can be as shown in the aforementioned formula 5:
  • U is the effective voltage value of the three-phase AC signal
  • u d represents the d-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation
  • u q represents the q-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation.
  • step 120 in order to more reasonably and accurately implement the eigenvalue calculation based on the Parker transform, when the three-phase AC system is a three-phase asymmetric AC system, the above-mentioned method is based on the sampled data through the Parker transform. Determining the characteristic values of the three-phase AC signal, that is, step 120, may specifically include:
  • the target phase sequence component may include at least one of a positive sequence component, a negative sequence component and a zero sequence component;
  • the above-mentioned target phase sequence components may include positive sequence components, negative sequence components and zero sequence components at the same time;
  • Perform phase sequence transformation on the sampled data to obtain the target phase sequence component of the three-phase AC signal which may include:
  • the third calculation formula is specifically shown as the following formula 8:
  • the sampling data can include: each phase of the three-phase AC signal at time t 0 and and The instantaneous value of voltage at time; set at time t 0 and time and The sampling point numbers at the time are 1, 5, and 9 respectively.
  • Perform Parker transform on the target phase sequence component to determine the eigenvalues of the three-phase AC signal which may include:
  • the characteristic value of the three-phase AC signal is determined through the fourth calculation formula
  • the fourth calculation formula can be shown as the following formula 10:
  • n +, - or 0
  • ⁇ is the frequency of the three-phase AC system
  • t is the time point related to the sampling time corresponding to the sampling data.
  • the above sampling data may also only include each phase of the three-phase AC signal at t 0 , and The instantaneous voltage values at any two of the three moments are sampled to obtain the values of each phase at t 0 , and After obtaining the instantaneous voltage value at any two of the three moments, the instantaneous voltage value of each phase at the third moment can be obtained by solving the simultaneous equations.
  • the amplitude U A and phase can be solved Then we get the phase A The instantaneous value of voltage at time.
  • the instantaneous voltage value at the third moment can be calculated.
  • sampling of a three-phase AC voltage signal is used as an example, and the specific calculation method of the characteristic value of the three-phase AC voltage signal is carried out. Expand description. However, in actual application scenarios, the three-phase AC current signal can also be sampled, and the eigenvalues of the three-phase AC current signal can be sampled. The eigenvalue calculation method of the current signal is consistent with the eigenvalue calculation method of the voltage signal. , the only difference is that the sampling signal is a current signal.
  • the relay protection action for the three-phase AC system can be executed based on the characteristic value.
  • FIG. 2 is another schematic flowchart of a relay protection method for a three-phase AC system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of yet another relay protection method for a three-phase AC system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show schematic flow charts of the relay protection method of the three-phase AC system for the three-phase symmetrical AC system and the three-phase asymmetrical AC system respectively.
  • the three-phase AC signals A, B, and C are respectively analyzed. Single-point sampling is performed, and the phase-locked reference voltage signal is sampled. In this way, based on the sampled three-phase AC signal sampling data and the phase-locked reference voltage signal, the characteristic value of the three-phase AC signal can be calculated.
  • the relay protection After calculating the characteristics of the three-phase AC signal, it is judged whether the characteristic value meets the relay protection operation conditions. If it meets the relay protection operation conditions, the relay protection will operate. If the characteristic value does not meet the relay protection operation conditions, the relay protection will operate. , then the relay protection will not operate.
  • the A, B, and C phases of the three-phase AC signal can be calculated according to T/ Sampling is performed at a time interval of 3 (1/3 AC signal cycle), the sampled data is transformed into phase sequence, and the positive sequence component, negative sequence component and zero sequence component are obtained, and the phase-locked reference voltage signal is sampled.
  • the positive sequence component, negative sequence component and zero sequence component of the obtained three-phase AC signal, as well as the sampled phase-locked reference voltage signal are calculated through Parker transformation to obtain the positive sequence voltage characteristic value, negative sequence voltage characteristic value and zero sequence voltage respectively. Eigenvalues.
  • the present application also provides a relay protection device of the three-phase AC system corresponding to the above relay protection method of the three-phase AC system. As shown below, through the figure 4 Provide a detailed introduction to the relay protection devices of the three-phase AC system.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a relay protection device for a three-phase AC system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the relay protection device 400 of the three-phase AC system shown in Figure 4 includes:
  • the sampling module 410 is used to sample the three-phase AC signal of the three-phase AC system to obtain sampling data;
  • Determining module 420 configured to determine the characteristic value of the three-phase AC signal through Parker transform based on the sampling data, where the characteristic value includes at least one of the signal effective value and the phase angle;
  • the execution module 430 is used to execute relay protection actions for the three-phase AC system based on the characteristic value.
  • the relay protection device of the three-phase AC system in the embodiment of the present application can accurately and quickly calculate the characteristic value of the three-phase AC signal by performing Parker transform on the sampled data obtained from the three-phase AC signal of the three-phase AC system. In this way, the relay protection action for the three-phase AC system is performed based on the obtained characteristic values.
  • the relay protection device of the three-phase AC system provided by the embodiment of the present application can effectively realize the rapid calculation of the characteristic value of the three-phase AC system, thereby reducing the protection action judgment time of the relay protection device and improving the relay protection. Quickness.
  • the relay protection device of the three-phase AC system Device 400 may also include:
  • the acquisition module can be used to obtain the phase-locked reference voltage signal corresponding to the three-phase AC system.
  • the phase-locked reference voltage signal can be a sinusoidal voltage signal or a cosine voltage signal, and is related to the frequency of the three-phase AC system and the sampling time corresponding to the sampling data. ;
  • the above-mentioned determination module 420 may be specifically used to determine the characteristic value of the three-phase AC system through Parker transform based on the sampling data and the phase-locked reference voltage signal.
  • the phase-locked reference voltage signal can be a sinusoidal AC signal
  • the expression of the phase-locked reference voltage can be:
  • u r is the phase-locked reference voltage signal
  • ⁇ is the frequency of the three-phase AC system
  • t is the sampling time corresponding to the sampling data
  • the above-mentioned determination module 420 may specifically include:
  • the first determination sub-module can be used to determine the d-axis coordinate component and q-axis coordinate component of the three-phase AC signal after Parker transformation through the first calculation formula;
  • the second determination sub-module can be used to determine the characteristic value through the second calculation formula based on the d-axis coordinate component and q-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation of the three-phase AC signal;
  • the first calculation formula can be:
  • u d represents the d-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation
  • u q represents the q-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation
  • u 0 represents the 0-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation
  • u A , u B and u C represent the three-phase
  • u r is the phase-locked reference voltage signal value
  • the second calculation formula can be:
  • U is the effective voltage value of the three-phase AC signal
  • u d represents the d-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation
  • u q represents the q-axis coordinate component after Parker transformation.
  • the above determination module 420 specifically may include:
  • the phase sequence transformation submodule can be used to perform phase sequence transformation on the sampled data to obtain the target phase sequence component of the three-phase AC signal.
  • the target phase sequence component can include at least one of the positive sequence component, the negative sequence component and the zero sequence component. ;
  • the third determination sub-module can be used to perform Parker transformation on the target phase sequence component to determine the characteristic value of the three-phase AC signal.
  • the above-mentioned sampling module 410 can be used for:
  • synchronous sampling is performed at a sampling time interval of 1/3 of the AC signal period to obtain sampling data.
  • the target phase sequence component may include a positive sequence component, a negative sequence component and a zero sequence component
  • phase sequence transformation sub-module can be used to calculate the positive sequence component, negative sequence component and zero sequence component respectively according to the third calculation formula
  • the third calculation formula can be:
  • the sampling data can include: each phase of the three-phase AC signal at time t 0 and and The instantaneous value of voltage at time; set at time t 0 and time and The sampling point numbers at the time are 1, 5, and 9 respectively.
  • the above-mentioned third determination sub-module can be specifically used for:
  • the characteristic value of the three-phase AC signal is determined through the fourth calculation formula
  • the fourth calculation formula can be:
  • n +, - or 0
  • ⁇ is the frequency of the three-phase AC system
  • t is the time point related to the sampling time corresponding to the sampling data.
  • the above sampling Module 410 can be used specifically for:
  • Single-point sampling is performed on the three-phase AC signal of the three-phase AC system to obtain sampling data.
  • the relay protection device 400 of the three-phase AC system in order to ensure the accuracy of subsequent calculations, before sampling the three-phase AC signal of the three-phase AC system, also Can include:
  • the filter module can be used to perform low-pass filtering on the three-phase AC signals of the three-phase AC system
  • the above-mentioned sampling module 410 may be specifically used to sample the low-pass filtered three-phase AC signal.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the relay protection equipment of the three-phase AC system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the relay protection device of the three-phase AC system may include a processor 501 and a memory 502 storing computer program instructions.
  • the above-mentioned processor 501 may include a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more integrated circuits according to the embodiments of the present application.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • Memory 502 may include bulk storage for data or instructions.
  • the memory 502 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), a floppy disk drive, flash memory, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a magnetic tape, or a Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive or two or more A combination of many of the above.
  • Memory 502 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media, where appropriate.
  • the memory 502 may be internal or external to the integrated gateway disaster recovery device.
  • memory 502 is non-volatile solid-state memory.
  • Memory may include read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk storage media devices, optical storage media devices, flash memory devices, electrical, optical or other physical/tangible memory storage devices.
  • ROM read only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • magnetic disk storage media devices e.g., magnetic disks
  • optical storage media devices e.g., magnetic disks
  • flash memory devices electrical, optical or other physical/tangible memory storage devices.
  • memory includes one or more tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage media (e.g., memory devices) encoded with software including computer-executable instructions, and when the software is executed (e.g., by one or multiple processors) operable to perform the operations described with reference to a method according to an aspect of the present disclosure.
  • the processor 501 reads and executes the computer program instructions stored in the memory 502 to implement any of the relay protection methods of the three-phase AC system in the above embodiments.
  • the relay protection device of the data three-phase AC system may also include a communication interface 503 and a bus 510 .
  • the processor 501, the memory 502, and the communication interface 503 are connected through the bus 510 and complete communication with each other.
  • the communication interface 503 is mainly used to implement communication between modules, devices, units and/or equipment in the embodiments of this application.
  • Bus 510 includes hardware, software, or both, coupling the components of the relay protection equipment of the three-phase AC system to each other.
  • the bus may include Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, Front Side Bus (FSB), HyperTransport (HT) interconnect, Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) Bus, Infinite Bandwidth Interconnect, Low Pin Count (LPC) Bus, Memory Bus, Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) Bus, Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) Bus, PCI-Express (PCI-X) Bus, Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, Video Electronics Standards Association Local (VLB) bus or other suitable bus or a combination of two or more of these.
  • bus 510 may include one or more buses.
  • the relay protection device of the three-phase AC system executes the relay protection method of the three-phase AC system in the embodiment of the present application, thereby realizing the relay protection method of the three-phase AC system described in Figure 1 .
  • the embodiment of the present application can provide a computer storage medium for implementation.
  • the computer storage medium stores computer program instructions; when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the relay protection method of any three-phase AC system in the above embodiments is implemented.
  • the functional blocks shown in the above structural block diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof.
  • it may be, for example, an electronic circuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), appropriate firmware, plug-ins, function cards, etc.
  • elements of the application are programs or code segments that are used to perform the required tasks.
  • the program or code segments may be stored in a machine-readable medium or transmitted over a transmission medium or communications link via a data signal carried in a carrier wave.
  • Machine-readable medium may include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information.
  • machine-readable media examples include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, radio frequency (RF) links, and the like.
  • Code segments may be downloaded via computer networks such as the Internet, intranets, and the like.
  • Such a processor may be, but is not limited to, a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a special application processor, or a field-programmable logic circuit. It will also be understood that each block in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, can also be implemented by special purpose hardware that performs the specified functions or actions, or can be implemented by special purpose hardware and A combination of computer instructions.

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  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及一种三相交流系统的继电保护方法、装置及设备。该三相交流系统的继电保护方法包括：对所述三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样，得到采样数据；基于所述采样数据，通过派克变换确定所述三相交流信号的特征值，所述特征值包括信号有效值和相位角中的至少一项；基于所述特征值执行对所述三相交流系统的继电保护动作。

Description

三相交流系统的继电保护方法、装置及设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电力系统继电保护技术领域，更具体地涉及三相交流系统的继电保护方法、装置及设备。
背景技术
我国已经建成世界上最大规模的电网，电力系统日趋庞大且复杂，其面临的风险和挑战也日益增加,继电保护装置承担了保护电网安全的重要职责。在三相交流电力系统中，电压、电流以及频率表征了系统目前所处状态，继电保护需要根据测量和计算得到的数据，对系统状态做出正确的判断，并及时采取相应的对策。无论是基于何种原理构成的交流继电保护，其任务都是对当前状态下所采集电气量计算得出的特征值进行判断，随后按事先制定的策略进行动作或不动作。因此，如何快速和准确地得到当前电力系统的特征值，对于电力系统运行和保护至关重要。
传统的频谱分析法利用离散傅里叶变换将时域信号变换到频域再进行特征值(包括信号幅值和相位角)的计算和分析，此种方法下的所需的采样点数多达20至40个，并且该方式在非整周期采样时计算准确性降低，并且由于离散傅里叶变换涉及到复数的运算，其计算量通常也较大，计算速度较慢。随着电力系统的发展，对继电保护装置的要求也更高，需要研究更加快速且准确的三相交流系统的继电保护方法、以提升继电保护装置的速动性及准确性。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种三相交流系统的继电保护方法、装置及设备，其目的在于至少解决上述至少一个问题。
本申请第一方面的实施例提供了一种三相交流系统的继电保护方法， 该三相交流系统的继电保护方法包括：
对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样，得到采样数据；
基于采样数据，通过派克变换确定三相交流信号的特征值，特征值包括信号有效值和相位角中的至少一项；
基于特征值执行对三相交流系统的继电保护动作。
在上述方式的三相交流系统的继电保护方法中，在通过派克变换确定三相交流信号的特征值之前，该三相交流系统的继电保护方法还包括：
获取三相交流系统对应的锁相参考电压信号，锁相参考电压信号为正弦电压信号或余弦电压信号，且与三相交流系统的频率以及采样数据对应的采样时间相关；
基于采样数据，通过派克变换确定三相交流信号的特征值，包括：
基于采样数据和锁相参考电压信号，通过派克变换确定三相交流系统的特征值。
在上述方式的三相交流系统的继电保护方法中，锁相参考电压信号为正弦交流信号，锁相参考电压的表达式为：
u r＝sinωt
其中，u r为锁相参考电压信号，ω为三相交流系统的频率，t为采样数据对应的采样时间；
基于采样数据和锁相参考电压，通过派克变换确定三相交流系统的特征值，包括：
通过第一计算公式，确定三相交流信号派克变换后的d轴坐标分量和q轴坐标分量；
基于三相交流信号派克变换后的d轴坐标分量和q轴坐标分量，通过第二计算公式，确定特征值；
其中，第一计算公式为：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000001
其中，u d表示派克变换后d轴坐标分量，u q表示派克变换后的q轴坐标分量，u 0表示派克变换后的0轴坐标分量，u A、u B和u C表示分别对三相交流信号每一相电压瞬时值进行采样得到的采样数据，u r为锁相参考电压信号值；
第二计算公式为：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000003
其中，U为三相交流信号的电压有效值，
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000004
为三相交流信号的电压相位角，u d表示派克变换后的d轴坐标分量，u q表示派克变换后的q轴坐标分量。
在上述方式的三相交流系统的继电保护方法中，在三相交流系统为三相不对称交流系统的情况下，基于采样数据，通过派克变换确定三相交流信号的特征值，包括：
对采样数据进行相序变换，得到三相交流信号的目标相序分量，目标相序分量包括正序分量、负序分量及零序分量中的至少一项；
对目标相序分量进行派克变换，确定三相交流信号的特征值。
在上述方式的三相交流系统的继电保护方法中，在三相交流系统为三相不对称交流系统的情况下，对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样，得到采样数据，包括：
对于三相交流系统的每一相交流信号，分别以1/3交流信号周期的采样时间间隔进行同步采样，得到采样数据。
在上述方式的三相交流系统的继电保护方法中，目标相序分量包括正序分量、负序分量和零序分量；
对采样数据进行相序变换，得到三相交流信号的目标相序分量，包括：
根据第三计算公式，分别计算正序分量、负序分量和零序分量；
第三计算公式为：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000005
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000006
为正序分量，
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000007
为负序分量，
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000008
为零序分量；采样数据包括：三相交流信号的每一相在t 0时刻以及
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000009
和
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000010
时的电压瞬时值；设置在t 0时刻以及
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000011
时刻和
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000012
时刻的采样点编号分别为1、5、9，
u A(t 0)＝u A(1) u B(t 0)＝u B(1) u C(t 0)＝u C(1)
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000014
对目标相序分量进行派克变换，确定三相交流信号的特征值，包括：
基于目标相序分量，通过第四计算公式，确定三相交流信号的特征值；
第四计算公式为：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000015
其中，n为+、-或0，ω为三相交流系统的频率，t为与采样数据对应的采样时间相关的时间点。
在上述方式的三相交流系统的继电保护方法中，在三相交流系统为三相对称交流系统的情况下，对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样，得到采样数据，包括：
对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行单点采样，得到采样数据。
在上述方式的三相交流系统的继电保护方法中，在对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样之前，该三相交流系统的继电保护方法还包括：
对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行低通滤波；
对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样，包括：
对低通滤波后的三相交流信号进行采样。
本申请第二方面的实施例还提供了一种三相交流系统的继电保护装置，该三相交流系统的继电保护装置包括：
采样模块，用于对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样，得到采样数据；
确定模块，用于基于采样数据，通过派克变换确定三相交流信号的特征值，特征值包括信号有效值和相位角中的至少一项；
执行模块，用于与特征值执行对三相交流系统的继电保护动作。
本申请第三方面的实施例提供了一种三相交流系统的继电保护设备，该设备包括：
处理器以及存储有计算机程序指令的存储器；
所述处理器执行所述计算机程序指令时实现如上述本申请实施例中任意一项提供的三相交流系统的继电保护方法。
本申请第四方面的实施例提供了一种计算机存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序指令，所述计算机程序指令被处理器执行时实现如上述本申请实施例中任意一项提供的三相交流系统的继电保护方法。
本申请第五方面的实施例提供了一种计算机程序产品，计算机程序产品中的指令由电子设备的处理器执行时，使得所述电子设备执行如上述本申请实施例中任意一项提供的三相交流系统的继电保护方法。
本申请实施例的三相交流系统的继电保护方法、装置及设备，通过对三相交流系统的三相交流信号所采样得到的采样数据进行派克变换，能够准确快速地计算出三相交流信号的特征值，如此，根据所得的特征值执行对三相交流系统的继电保护动作。本申请实施例提供的一种三相交流系统的继电保护方法、装置及设备，能够有效实现对三相交流系统特征值的快速计算，进而减少了继电保护装置的保护动作判别时间，提升了继电保护速动性。
附图说明
下面将参考附图来描述本申请示例性实施例的特征、优点和技术效果，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的三相交流系统的继电保护方法的一种流程示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的三相交流系统的继电保护方法的另一种流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的三相交流系统的继电保护方法的再一种流程示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的三相交流系统的继电保护装置的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的三相交流系统的继电保护设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本申请的各个方面的特征和示例性实施例。在下面的详细描述中，提出了许多具体细节，以便提供对本申请的全面理解。但是，对于本领域技术人员来说很明显的是，本申请可以在不需要这些具体细节中的一些细节的情况下实施。下面对实施例的描述仅仅是为了通过示出本申请的示例来提供对本申请的更好的理解。在附图和下面的描述中，至少部分的公知结构和技术没有被示出，以便避免对本申请造成不必要的模糊；并且，为了清晰，可能夸大了部分结构的尺寸。此外，下文中所描述的特征、结构或特性可以以任何合适的方式结合在一个或更多实施例中。
为了更好地理解本申请，下面结合图1至图5对本申请实施方式提供的三相交流系统的继电保护方法、装置及设备进行详细描述。
下面参见请参见图1，图1为本申请实施例提供的三相交流系统的继电保护方法的一种流程示意图。该三相交流系统的继电保护方法应用于电子设备，该电子设备可以包括服务器或者终端等。如图1所示，该三相交 流系统的继电保护方法包括以下步骤：
S110，对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样，得到采样数据；
S120，基于采样数据，通过派克变换确定三相交流信号的特征值，特征值包括信号有效值和相位角中的至少一项；
S130，基于特征值执行对三相交流系统的继电保护动作。
本申请实施例的三相交流系统的继电保护方法，通过对三相交流系统的三相交流信号所采样得到的采样数据进行派克变换，能够准确快速地计算出三相交流信号的特征值，如此，根据所得的特征值执行对三相交流系统的继电保护动作。本申请实施例提供的一种三相交流系统的继电保护方法，能够有效实现对三相交流系统特征值的快速计算，进而减少了继电保护装置的保护动作判别时间，提升了继电保护速动性。
在S110中，具体实现时，可以是在三相交流系统的相关继电保护的启动算法启动的情况下，对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样，得到采样数据。
本申请中，在对三相交流信号进行采样时，可以是按照预设频率以及预设采样数量进行采样，得到A、B、C三相各相对应的采样数据，采样过程中的预设频率和预设采样数据具体可以视实际继电保护精度需求或后续的特征值计算需求等而定。
上述采样的三相交流信号可以为A、B、C三相的电压信号或/和电流信号，所采样的电压信号或电流信号均适用于后续基于派克变换的特征值计算。
需要说明，在三相交流电力系统中，一些干扰或者负荷的变化均会使交流系统的电气量发生改变。因此在本申请中，可以采用突变量启动的方式，确定启动算法启动。示例性地，通过连续监测电气参数，比如电流、电压信号，判断电气量是否发生突变，如果超过预先设定的电气值，则启动算法启动。
本申请中，考虑到三相交流系统实质上可分为三相对称交流系统和三相不对称交流系统，而在三相交流系统处于不同状态的情况下，所需的采样数据和后续的特征值计算过程也会存在差异，因此，为了更为合理地实 现对三相交流系统的继电保护，可以更为针对性地采取不同的采样方式对三相交流信号进行采样。
具体地，在一种可选的实施方式中，为了进一步减少量测时间，以有效提升继电保护的速动性，在三相交流系统为三相对称交流系统的情况下，上述对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样，得到采样数据，即步骤110，具体可以包括：
对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行单点采样，得到采样数据。
具体地，三相对称交流系统通常包括未发生故障的三相交流系统，以及发生三相接地故障的三相交流系统。本实施例中，在三相交流系统对称的情况下，基于派克变换的特征值计算方法，只需利用任意一个时间点的三相交流信号的采样数据进行计算，计算速度极快，且结果精确。
需要说明，在其他可选的实施方式中，对于三相对称交流系统的三相交流信号，在采样时也可以是对A、B、C三相中各相分别以多个时间点进行信号同步采样，如此，综合多个采样数据，进一步提高后续特征值计算的准确性以及继电保护的可靠性。
在一种可选的实施方式中，为了进一步减少量测时间，在保障后续特征值计算的准确性的前提下有效提升继电保护的速动性，在三相交流系统为三相不对称交流系统的情况下，上述对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样，得到采样数据，即步骤110，具体可以包括：
对于三相交流系统的每一相交流信号，分别以1/3交流信号周期的采样时间间隔进行同步采样，得到采样数据。
需要注意，在实际电力系统中，在针对三相对称交流系统和三相不对称交流系统进行不同采样方式采样之前，需要先确定该三相交流系统是否三相对称。
因此，可以针对三相对称交流系统和三相不对称交流系统设置不同的启动算法以及启动算法启动条件。
具体地，本实施例中，可以是在A、B、C三相的各相电压或电流均降低到某一阈值以下，或降低一定百分率的情况下，确定关于三相对称交流系统的启动算法启动；而当A、B、C三相中只有一相或两相电压或电 流降低的情况下，确定关于三相不对称交流系统的启动算法启动。
在一种可选的实施方式中，为了保障后续计算的准确性，在对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样之前，该三相交流系统的继电保护方法还可以包括：
对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行低通滤波；
对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样，可以包括：
对低通滤波后的三相交流信号进行采样。
具体实现时，在实际电力系统中，三相交流系统的模拟信号可以通过低通滤波器进行低通滤波，在经低通滤波之后转换为只含基频分量的数字信号，有效减少了在后续计算过程中由其他频率所带来的干扰。
本实施例中，对经低通滤波提取基频后的三相交流信号进行采样，得到含基频的三相交流信号的采样数据，如此，可以使得后续基于派克变换的特征值计算更为准确有效。
在S120中，具体实现时，在对三相交流信号进行采样得到采样数据后，基于该采样数据，采用派克变换具体确定三相交流信号的特征值。上述特征值可以包括信号有效值和相位角中的至少一项，具体可以视继电保护需求而定。
为了便于理解，下面以三相对称交流系统中的电压信号为例，对本申请提供的三相交流系统的继电保护方法进行介绍。
针对三相交流系统为三相对称交流系统的情况，若在t时刻分别在A、B、C三相进行交流电压信号采样，得到采样数据，该采样数据中即包括A、B、C三相各相在t时刻下的电压瞬时值。
上述A、B、C三相各相在t时刻下的电压瞬时值的表达式具体可以如下述公式1：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000018
公式1中，u A、u B、u C分别代表A、B、C三相电压瞬时值；U代表电压信号的有效值；t为采样时间，ω代表电压信号的频率，
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000019
代表电压信号的相位角；下标A、B、C分别表示A、B、C三相。此时，由于三 相交流系统三相对称，因此三相电压信号的有效值相等，相位角互差120°。
基于此，通过对上述采样数据直接进行派克变换，可以实现对特征值(包括电压信号的有效值U和
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000020
代表电压信号的相位角)的准确计算。
具体地，派克变换是一种坐标变换，其原理是将静止A、B、C坐标下的数字量转换成旋转的dq坐标下的数字量，为使派克变换矩阵可逆，添加虚拟0轴坐标。
派克变换的数学表达式如公式2所示：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000021
公式2中，u d表示派克变换后的d轴坐标分量，u q表示派克变换后的q轴分量，u 0表示派克变换后的0轴分量；u A、u B、u C与(1)式中的含义相同，分别代表A、B、C三相电压瞬时值，ω对应三相对称系统的频率。
当u A、u B、u C三个信号为同一频率交流信号且互差120°(2π/3)电角度，即三相交流系统三相对称时，经过派克变换得到dq0坐标下的信号为直流信号。
将公式1代入公式2，可以得到下述公式3：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000022
进一步地，化简计算得到公式4：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000023
由公式4可知，dq0坐标下的分量为直流分量，d轴分量和q轴分量包含了电压有效值和相位角的信息，0轴分量为0。如此，根据公式4可以构造出电压有效值和相位角的计算公式，具体如公式5所示：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000024
公式5中，U为三相交流信号的电压有效值，
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000025
为三相交流信号的电压相位角，u d表示派克变换后的d轴坐标分量，u q表示派克变换后的q轴坐标分量。
综上，针对三相对称交流系统而言，相较于传统的频谱分析法，本申请实施例提供的三相交流系统的继电保护方法中，只需要采样三相对称信号任意一个时间点的瞬时值，利用派克变换即可完成特征值的计算，由此，有效提升了三相交流系统继电保护的速动性及准确性。
需要注意，在利用派克变换进行特征值计算时，注意到派克变换矩阵的元素是随时间变化的，主要表现为ωt随时间和频率的变化。实际计算中，只有当待计算的三相信号与派克变换矩阵中的ωt一致时，才能基于派克变换进行特征值计算。因此，在通过派克变换进行特征值计算之前，需要锁相以确保派克变换矩阵中的ωt与待计算信号的一致。
需要说明，上述锁相的含义即：两个信号之间的相位同步，即两个信号之间的相位锁定不变。
本申请实施例中，在基于采样数据通过派克变换进行特征值计算时，可以通过相应的检测装置实时获取与三相交流信号的采样数据对应的ωt。
示例性地，若针对三相对称交流系统的三相交流信号是采用单点采样方式进行采样，那么，通过相应的检测装置获取在t时刻下三相单点采样对应的ωt，即可实现对三相交流信号的锁相，从而确保派克变换矩阵中的ωt与待计算信号的一致。
而针对三相不对称交流系统，对于其每一相交流信号分别以1/3交流信号周期的采样时间间隔进行同步采样的采样方式，在获取ωt时，由于各个采样数据对应的各个采样时刻的关联性，因此，同样只需获取其中一个 采样数据对应的ωt，即可实现对三相交流信号的锁相，从而确保派克变换矩阵中的ωt与待计算信号的一致。
在一种可选的实施方式中，针对到上述需实时获取ωt以进行锁相的方式，为了进一步提升基于派克变换的特征值计算速率，在通过派克变换确定三相交流信号的特征值之前，该三相交流系统的继电保护方法还可以包括：
获取三相交流系统对应的锁相参考电压信号，锁相参考电压信号为正弦电压信号或余弦电压信号，且与三相交流系统的频率以及采样数据对应的采样时间相关；
基于采样数据，通过派克变换确定三相交流信号的特征值，可以包括：
基于采样数据和锁相参考电压信号，通过派克变换确定三相交流系统的特征值。
本实施例中，将所需的锁相信息ωt转换成了一个包含了ωt信息的正弦电压信号或者余弦电压信号，如此，在基于采样数据进行派克变换时，派克变换矩阵中的参数ωt可被包括上述正弦电压信号或者余弦电压信号的表达式替换，从而间接实现在派克变换中对三相交流系统的锁相操作，实现对三相交流系统特征值的准确、快速计算。
具体实现时，可以在继电保护装置内部预先生成一个与三相交流系统的频率和时间同步的正弦电压信号或余弦电压信号。
那么，在三相交流系统启动算法启动进行采样的过程中，通过获取与采样数据的采样时刻对应的锁相参考电压信号，即可将该锁相参考电压信号代入到派克变换矩阵中，再根据采样数据和代入锁相参考电压信号后的派克变换矩阵，进行派克变换，从而可以实现对三相交流系统特征值的准确、高效计算。
具体地，在一种可选的实施方式中，上述锁相参考电压信号可以为最大值为1的标准正弦交流信号，锁相参考电压的表达式如公式6所示：
u r＝sinωt   公式6
公式6中，u r为锁相参考电压信号，ω为三相交流系统的频率，t为 采样数据对应的采样时间；
基于采样数据和锁相参考电压，通过派克变换确定三相交流系统的特征值，可以包括：
通过第一计算公式，确定三相交流信号派克变换后的d轴坐标分量和q轴坐标分量；
基于三相交流信号派克变换后的d轴坐标分量和q轴坐标分量，通过第二计算公式，确定特征值；
第一计算公式可以如公式7所示：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000026
公式7中，u d表示派克变换后d轴坐标分量，u q表示派克变换后的q轴坐标分量，u 0表示派克变换后的0轴坐标分量，u A、u B和u C表示分别对三相交流信号每一相电压瞬时值进行采样得到的采样数据，u r为锁相参考电压信号值；
第二计算公式可以为前述公式5所示：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000027
其中，U为三相交流信号的电压有效值，
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000028
为三相交流信号的电压相位角，u d表示派克变换后的d轴坐标分量，u q表示派克变换后的q轴坐标分量。
需要说明，若只计算三相交流信号的有效值，可以将派克变换矩阵化简为固定系数的矩阵，如此，前述公式7可以进一步简化为下述公式8：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000029
如此，通过公式8计算三相交流信号的有效值，可以进一步实现对于三相交流系统继电保护中特征值的快速计算，有效提升了继电保护的速动性。
在一种可选的实施方式中，为了更为合理、准确地实现基于派克变换的特征值计算，在三相交流系统为三相不对称交流系统的情况下，上述基于采样数据，通过派克变换确定三相交流信号的特征值，即步骤120，具体可以包括：
对采样数据进行相序变换，得到三相交流信号的目标相序分量，目标相序分量可以包括正序分量、负序分量及零序分量中的至少一项；
对目标相序分量进行派克变换，确定三相交流信号的特征值。
需要说明，考虑到不同继电保护所需涉及的电气量参数并不一致，例如，针对一些三相交流系统的接地故障继电保护，其故障情况通常会体现在负序分量和零序分量上，因此，为了更为合理、高效地实现对所需特征值的计算，上述目标相序分量具体可以视三相交流系统中的继电保护类型而定。
在一种可选的实施方式中，为了更为合理、准确地对三相交流系统的特征值进行计算，上述目标相序分量可以同时包括正序分量、负序分量和零序分量；
对采样数据进行相序变换，得到三相交流信号的目标相序分量，可以包括：
根据第三计算公式，分别计算正序分量、负序分量和零序分量；
第三计算公式具体如下述公式8所示：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000030
公式9中，
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000031
为正序分量，
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000032
为负序分量，
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000033
为零序分量；采样数据可以包括：三相交流信号的每一相在t 0时刻以及
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000034
和
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000035
时的电压瞬时值；设置在t 0时刻以及
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000036
时刻和
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000037
时刻的采样点编号分别为1、5、9，
u A(t 0)＝u A(1) u B(t 0)＝u B(1) u C(t 0)＝u C(1)
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000038
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000039
对目标相序分量进行派克变换，确定三相交流信号的特征值，可以包括：
基于目标相序分量，通过第四计算公式，确定三相交流信号的特征值；
第四计算公式可以如下述公式10所示：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000040
其中，n为+、-或0，ω为三相交流系统的频率，t为与采样数据对应的采样时间相关的时间点。
需要说明，在其他可选的实施方式中，为了进一步减少采样时间以及采样数量，上述采样数据中也可以是仅包含三相交流信号的每一相在t 0、
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000041
和
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000042
三个时刻中任意两个时刻的电压瞬时值，在采样得到各相在t 0、
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000043
和
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000044
三个时刻中任意两个时刻的电压瞬时值之后，通过联立方程即可求解得到各相在第三时刻下的电压瞬时值。
示例性地，对于一个理想的单相基频正弦信号(以A相为例)
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000045
ω已知，t由采样时刻决定，同样视作已知，幅值U A和相位
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000046
均未知，需要通过方程求解确定。
假设针对A相，分别在t 0时刻和
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000047
时刻进行采样，得到公式11：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000048
由此，即可求解出幅值U A和相位
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000049
进而得到A相在
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000050
时刻下的电压瞬时值。以此类推，同样对三相中的B、C两相在t 0、
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000051
和
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000052
三个时刻中任意两个时刻的电压瞬时值进行采样后，可以计算得到第三时刻下的电压瞬时值。
基于此，通过将A、B、C三相各相通过采样及计算确定的在t 0时刻以及
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000053
时刻和
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000054
时刻的电压瞬时值代入至上述第三计算公式中，即可计算得到三相不对称交流系统的正序分量、负序分量及零序分量。
需要说明，在前述多个实施例中，对于三相交流系统进行采样时，均是以对三相交流电压信号采样为例，并以此对三相交流电压信号的特征值的具体计算方式进行展开说明。然而，在实际应用场景中，也可以是对三相交流电流信号进行采样，并对三相交流电流信号的特征值进行采样，电流信号的特征值计算方式与上述电压信号的特征值计算方式一致，区别仅在于采样信号为电流信号。
在S130，具体实现时，在计算得到三相交流系统的三相交流信号的特征值后，即可基于特征值执行对三相交流系统的继电保护动作。
以简单的电流继电保护为例，对于保护范围内的三相交流线路，设保护动作整定值为I set，当通过派克变换计算所得电流有效值I＞I set时，保护立即动作，否则，保护不动作。
为了更好地理解本申请提供的三相交流系统的继电保护方法，下面请参见图2和图3。图2为本申请实施例提供的三相交流系统的继电保护方法的另一种流程示意图。图3为本申请实施例提供的三相交流系统的继电保护方法的再一种流程示意图。图2和图3分别对于三相对称交流系统和三相不对称交流系统的三相交流系统的继电保护方法的流程示意图进行展示。
具体地，针对三相对称交流系统，如图2所示，在确定该三相交流系统为三相对称交流系统的情况下，通过分别对三相交流信号A、B、C三 相各相进行单点采样，并对锁相参考电压信号采样，如此，基于采样得到的三相交流信号采样数据和锁相参考电压信号，可以计算得到三相交流信号的特征值。
基于此，在计算得到三相交流信号的特征之后，判断该特征值是否满足继电保护动作条件，若满足继电保护动作条件，则继电保护动作，若特征值不满足继电保护动作条件，则继电保护不动作。
针对三相不对称交流系统，如图3所示，在确定该三相交流系统为三相不对称交流系统的情况下，可以对三相交流信号的A、B、C各相分别按照T/3(1/3交流信号周期)的时间间隔进行采样，对采样数据进行相序变换，得到正序分量、负序分量和零序分量，并对锁相参考电压信号进行采样，如此，基于计算得到的三相交流信号的正序分量、负序分量和零序分量，以及采样得到的锁相参考电压信号，通过派克变换分别计算得到正序电压特征值、负序电压特征值和零序电压特征值。
如此，在根据派克变化计算得到正、负、零序电压特征值后，基于特征值对继电保护是否动作进行判断，若满足继电保护动作条件，则继电保护动作，若特征值不满足继电保护动作条件，则继电保护不动作。
本实施例中，通过分别针对三相对称交流系统和三相不对称交流系统进行针对性的信号采样及数据处理，并通过派克变换快速、准确地计算特征值，能够有效减少继电保护动作的判别时间，提升三相交流系统继电保护的速动性及准确性。
基于上述实施例提供的三相交流系统的继电保护方法，本申请还提供了与上述三相交流系统的继电保护方法相对应的一种三相交流系统的继电保护装置，下面通过图4对三相交流系统的继电保护装置进行详细介绍。
图4为本申请实施例提供的三相交流系统的继电保护装置的结构示意图。图4示出的三相交流系统的继电保护装置400包括：
采样模块410，用于对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样，得到采样数据；
确定模块420，用于基于采样数据，通过派克变换确定三相交流信号的特征值，特征值包括信号有效值和相位角中的至少一项；
执行模块430，用于与特征值执行对三相交流系统的继电保护动作。
本申请实施例的三相交流系统的继电保护装置，通过对三相交流系统的三相交流信号所采样得到的采样数据进行派克变换，能够准确快速地计算出三相交流信号的特征值，如此，根据所得的特征值执行对三相交流系统的继电保护动作。本申请实施例提供的一种三相交流系统的继电保护装置，能够有效实现对三相交流系统特征值的快速计算，进而减少了继电保护装置的保护动作判别时间，提升了继电保护速动性。
在上述方式的三相交流系统的继电保护装置中，为了进一步提升基于派克变换的特征值计算速率，在通过派克变换确定三相交流信号的特征值之前，该三相交流系统的继电保护装置400还可以可以包括：
获取模块，可以用于获取三相交流系统对应的锁相参考电压信号，锁相参考电压信号可以为正弦电压信号或余弦电压信号，且与三相交流系统的频率以及采样数据对应的采样时间相关；
上述确定模块420，具体可以用于基于采样数据和锁相参考电压信号，通过派克变换确定三相交流系统的特征值。
在上述方式的三相交流系统的继电保护装置中，具体地，锁相参考电压信号具体可以为正弦交流信号，锁相参考电压的表达式可以为：
u r＝sinωt
其中，u r为锁相参考电压信号，ω为三相交流系统的频率，t为采样数据对应的采样时间；
上述确定模块420，具体可以包括：
第一确定子模块，可以用于通过第一计算公式，确定三相交流信号派克变换后的d轴坐标分量和q轴坐标分量；
第二确定子模块，可以用于基于三相交流信号派克变换后的d轴坐标分量和q轴坐标分量，通过第二计算公式，确定特征值；
其中，第一计算公式可以为：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000055
其中，u d表示派克变换后d轴坐标分量，u q表示派克变换后的q轴坐标分量，u 0表示派克变换后的0轴坐标分量，u A、u B和u C表示分别对三相交流信号每一相电压瞬时值进行采样得到的采样数据，u r为锁相参考电压信号值；
第二计算公式可以为：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000056
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000057
其中，U为三相交流信号的电压有效值，
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000058
为三相交流信号的电压相位角，u d表示派克变换后的d轴坐标分量，u q表示派克变换后的q轴坐标分量。
在上述方式的三相交流系统的继电保护装置中，为了更为合理、准确地实现基于派克变换的特征值计算，在三相交流系统为三相不对称交流系统的情况下，上述确定模块420，具体可以包括：
相序变换子模块，可以用于对采样数据进行相序变换，得到三相交流信号的目标相序分量，目标相序分量可以包括正序分量、负序分量及零序分量中的至少一项；
第三确定子模块，可以用于对目标相序分量进行派克变换，确定三相交流信号的特征值。
在上述方式的三相交流系统的继电保护装置中，为了进一步减少量测时间，在保障后续特征值计算的准确性的前提下有效提升继电保护的速动性，在三相交流系统为三相不对称交流系统的情况下，上述采样模块410，具体可以用于：
对于三相交流系统的每一相交流信号，分别以1/3交流信号周期的采 样时间间隔进行同步采样，得到采样数据。
在上述方式的三相交流系统的继电保护装置中，具体地，目标相序分量可以包括正序分量、负序分量和零序分量；
上述相序变换子模块，具体可以用于根据第三计算公式，分别计算正序分量、负序分量和零序分量；
第三计算公式可以为：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000059
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000060
为正序分量，
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000061
为负序分量，
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000062
为零序分量；采样数据可以包括：三相交流信号的每一相在t 0时刻以及
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000063
和
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000064
时的电压瞬时值；设置在t 0时刻以及
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000065
时刻和
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000066
时刻的采样点编号分别为1、5、9，
u A(t 0)＝u A(1) u B(t 0)＝u B(1) u C(t 0)＝u C(1)
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000067
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000068
上述第三确定子模块，具体可以用于：
基于目标相序分量，通过第四计算公式，确定三相交流信号的特征值；
第四计算公式可以为：
Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-000069
其中，n为+、-或0，ω为三相交流系统的频率，t为与采样数据对应的采样时间相关的时间点。
在上述方式的三相交流系统的继电保护装置中，为了进一步减少量测时间，以有效提升继电保护的速动性，在三相交流系统为三相对称交流系 统的情况下，上述采样模块410，具体可以用于：
对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行单点采样，得到采样数据。
在上述方式的三相交流系统的继电保护装置中，为了保障后续计算的准确性，在对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样之前，该三相交流系统的继电保护装置400还可以包括：
滤波模块，可以用于对三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行低通滤波；
上述采样模块410，具体可以用于对低通滤波后的三相交流信号进行采样。
图5为本申请实施例提供的三相交流系统的继电保护设备的结构示意图。
三相交流系统的继电保护设备可以包括处理器501以及存储有计算机程序指令的存储器502。
具体地，上述处理器501可以包括中央处理器(CPU)，或者特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)，或者可以被配置成实施本申请实施例的一个或多个集成电路。
存储器502可以包括用于数据或指令的大容量存储器。举例来说而非限制，存储器502可包括硬盘驱动器(Hard Disk Drive，HDD)、软盘驱动器、闪存、光盘、磁光盘、磁带或通用串行总线(Universal Serial Bus，USB)驱动器或者两个或更多个以上这些的组合。在合适的情况下，存储器502可包括可移除或不可移除(或固定)的介质。在合适的情况下，存储器502可在综合网关容灾设备的内部或外部。在特定实施例中，存储器502是非易失性固态存储器。
存储器可包括只读存储器(ROM)，随机存取存储器(RAM)，磁盘存储介质设备，光存储介质设备，闪存设备，电气、光学或其他物理/有形的存储器存储设备。因此，通常，存储器包括一个或多个编码有包括计算机可执行指令的软件的有形(非暂态)计算机可读存储介质(例如，存储器设备)，并且当该软件被执行(例如，由一个或多个处理器)时，其可操作来执行参考根据本公开的一方面的方法所描述的操作。
处理器501通过读取并执行存储器502中存储的计算机程序指令，以 实现上述实施例中的任意一种三相交流系统的继电保护方法。
在一个示例中，数据三相交流系统的继电保护设备还可包括通信接口503和总线510。其中，如图5所示，处理器501、存储器502、通信接口503通过总线510连接并完成相互间的通信。
通信接口503，主要用于实现本申请实施例中各模块、装置、单元和/或设备之间的通信。
总线510包括硬件、软件或两者，将三相交流系统的继电保护设备的部件彼此耦接在一起。举例来说而非限制，总线可包括加速图形端口(AGP)或其他图形总线、增强工业标准架构(EISA)总线、前端总线(FSB)、超传输(HT)互连、工业标准架构(ISA)总线、无限带宽互连、低引脚数(LPC)总线、存储器总线、微信道架构(MCA)总线、外围组件互连(PCI)总线、PCI-Express(PCI-X)总线、串行高级技术附件(SATA)总线、视频电子标准协会局部(VLB)总线或其他合适的总线或者两个或更多个以上这些的组合。在合适的情况下，总线510可包括一个或多个总线。尽管本申请实施例描述和示出了特定的总线，但本申请考虑任何合适的总线或互连。
该三相交流系统的继电保护设备执行本申请实施例中的三相交流系统的继电保护方法，从而实现图1描述的三相交流系统的继电保护方法。
另外，结合上述实施例中的三相交流系统的继电保护方法，本申请实施例可提供一种计算机存储介质来实现。该计算机存储介质上存储有计算机程序指令；该计算机程序指令被处理器执行时实现上述实施例中的任意一种三相交流系统的继电保护方法。
需要明确的是，本申请并不局限于上文所描述并在图中示出的特定配置和处理。为了简明起见，这里省略了对已知方法的详细描述。在上述实施例中，描述和示出了若干具体的步骤作为示例。但是，本申请的方法过程并不限于所描述和示出的具体步骤，本领域的技术人员可以在领会本申请的精神后，作出各种改变、修改和添加，或者改变步骤之间的顺序。
以上所述的结构框图中所示的功能块可以实现为硬件、软件、固件或者它们的组合。当以硬件方式实现时，其可以例如是电子电路、专用集成 电路(ASIC)、适当的固件、插件、功能卡等等。当以软件方式实现时，本申请的元素是被用于执行所需任务的程序或者代码段。程序或者代码段可以存储在机器可读介质中，或者通过载波中携带的数据信号在传输介质或者通信链路上传送。“机器可读介质”可以包括能够存储或传输信息的任何介质。机器可读介质的例子包括电子电路、半导体存储器设备、ROM、闪存、可擦除ROM(EROM)、软盘、CD-ROM、光盘、硬盘、光纤介质、射频(RF)链路，等等。代码段可以经由诸如因特网、内联网等的计算机网络被下载。
还需要说明的是，本申请中提及的示例性实施例，基于一系列的步骤或者装置描述一些方法或系统。但是，本申请不局限于上述步骤的顺序，也就是说，可以按照实施例中提及的顺序执行步骤，也可以不同于实施例中的顺序，或者若干步骤同时执行。
上面参考根据本公开的实施例的方法、装置(系统)和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或框图描述了本公开的各方面。应当理解，流程图和/或框图中的每个方框以及流程图和/或框图中各方框的组合可以由计算机程序指令实现。这些计算机程序指令可被提供给通用计算机、专用计算机、或其它可编程数据处理装置的处理器，以产生一种机器，使得经由计算机或其它可编程数据处理装置的处理器执行的这些指令使能对流程图和/或框图的一个或多个方框中指定的功能/动作的实现。这种处理器可以是但不限于是通用处理器、专用处理器、特殊应用处理器或者现场可编程逻辑电路。还可理解，框图和/或流程图中的每个方框以及框图和/或流程图中的方框的组合，也可以由执行指定的功能或动作的专用硬件来实现，或可由专用硬件和计算机指令的组合来实现。
本领域技术人员应能理解，上述实施例均是示例性而非限制性的。在不同实施例中出现的不同技术特征可以进行组合，以取得有益效果。本领域技术人员在研究附图、说明书及权利要求书的基础上，应能理解并实现所揭示的实施例的其他变化的实施例。在权利要求书中，术语“包括”并不排除其他装置或步骤；物品没有使用数量词修饰时旨在包括一个/种或多个/种物品，并可以与“一个/种或多个/种物品”互换使用”；术语“第 一”、“第二”用于标示名称而非用于表示任何特定的顺序。权利要求中的任何附图标记均不应被理解为对保护范围的限制。权利要求中出现的多个部分的功能可以由一个单独的硬件或软件模块来实现。某些技术特征出现在不同的从属权利要求中并不意味着不能将这些技术特征进行组合以取得有益效果。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种三相交流系统的继电保护方法，包括：
    对所述三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样，得到采样数据；
    基于所述采样数据，通过派克变换确定所述三相交流信号的特征值，所述特征值包括信号有效值和相位角中的至少一项；
    基于所述特征值执行对所述三相交流系统的继电保护动作。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在所述通过派克变换确定所述三相交流信号的特征值之前，所述方法还包括：
    获取所述三相交流系统对应的锁相参考电压信号，所述锁相参考电压信号为正弦电压信号或余弦电压信号，且与所述三相交流系统的频率以及所述采样数据对应的采样时间相关；
    所述基于所述采样数据，通过派克变换确定所述三相交流信号的特征值，包括：
    基于所述采样数据和所述锁相参考电压信号，通过派克变换确定所述三相交流系统的特征值。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述锁相参考电压信号为正弦交流信号，所述锁相参考电压的表达式为：
    u r＝sinωt
    其中，u r为所述锁相参考电压信号，ω为所述三相交流系统的频率，t为所述采样数据对应的采样时间；
    所述基于所述采样数据和所述锁相参考电压，通过派克变换确定所述三相交流系统的特征值，包括：
    通过第一计算公式，确定所述三相交流信号派克变换后的d轴坐标分量和q轴坐标分量；
    基于所述三相交流信号派克变换后的d轴坐标分量和q轴坐标分量，通过第二计算公式，确定所述特征值；
    其中，所述第一计算公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-100001
    其中，u d表示派克变换后d轴坐标分量，u q表示派克变换后的q轴坐标分量，u 0表示派克变换后的0轴坐标分量，u A、u B和u C表示分别对所述三相交流信号每一相电压瞬时值进行采样得到的采样数据，u r为所述锁相参考电压信号值；
    所述第二计算公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-100003
    其中，U为所述三相交流信号的电压有效值，
    Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-100004
    为所述三相交流信号的电压相位角，u d表示派克变换后的d轴坐标分量，u q表示派克变换后的q轴坐标分量。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在所述三相交流系统为三相不对称交流系统的情况下，所述基于所述采样数据，通过派克变换确定所述三相交流信号的特征值，包括：
    对所述采样数据进行相序变换，得到所述三相交流信号的目标相序分量，所述目标相序分量包括正序分量、负序分量及零序分量中的至少一项；
    对所述目标相序分量进行派克变换，确定所述三相交流信号的特征值。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，在所述三相交流系统为三相不对称交流系统的情况下，所述对所述三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样，得到采样数据，包括：
    对于所述三相交流系统的每一相交流信号，分别以1/3交流信号周期的采样时间间隔进行同步采样，得到所述采样数据。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述目标相序分量包括正序分量、负序分量和零序分量；
    所述对所述采样数据进行相序变换，得到所述三相交流信号的目标相序分量，包括：
    根据第三计算公式，分别计算所述正序分量、所述负序分量和所述零序分量；
    所述第三计算公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-100005
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-100006
    为所述正序分量，
    Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-100007
    为所述负序分量，
    Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-100008
    为所述零序分量；所述采样数据包括：所述三相交流信号的每一相在t 0时刻以及
    Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-100009
    和
    Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-100010
    时的电压瞬时值；设置在t 0时刻以及
    Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-100011
    时刻和
    Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-100012
    时刻的采样点编号分别为1、5、9，
    u A(t 0)＝u A(1)  u B(t 0)＝u B(1)  u C(t 0)＝u C(1)
    Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-100013
    Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-100014
    所述对所述目标相序分量进行派克变换，确定所述三相交流信号的特征值，包括：
    基于所述目标相序分量，通过第四计算公式，确定所述三相交流信号的特征值；
    所述第四计算公式为：
    Figure PCTCN2022116374-appb-100015
    其中，n为+、-或0，ω为所述三相交流系统的频率，t为与所述采样数据对应的采样时间相关的时间点。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在所述三相交流系统为三相对称交流系统的情况下，所述对所述三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样，得到采样数据，包括：
    对所述三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行单点采样，得到所述采样数据。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法，其中，在对所述三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样之前，所述方法还包括：
    对所述三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行低通滤波；
    所述对所述三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样，包括：
    对所述低通滤波后的三相交流信号进行采样。
  9. 一种三相交流系统的继电保护装置，包括：
    采样模块，用于对所述三相交流系统的三相交流信号进行采样，得到采样数据；
    确定模块，用于基于所述采样数据，通过派克变换确定所述三相交流信号的特征值，所述特征值包括信号有效值和相位角中的至少一项；
    执行模块，用于与所述特征值执行对所述三相交流系统的继电保护动作。
  10. 一种三相交流系统的继电保护设备，所述设备包括：处理器以及存储有计算机程序指令的存储器；
    所述处理器执行所述计算机程序指令时实现如权利要求1-8任意一项所述的三相交流系统的继电保护方法。
  11. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序指令，所述计算机程序指令被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1-8任意一项所述的三相交流系统的继电保护方法。
  12. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品中的指令由电子设备的处理器执行时，使得所述电子设备能够执行如权利要求1-8任意一项所述的三相交流系统的继电保护方法。
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