WO2024040702A1 - 数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法、系统及装置 - Google Patents

数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法、系统及装置 Download PDF

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WO2024040702A1
WO2024040702A1 PCT/CN2022/124240 CN2022124240W WO2024040702A1 WO 2024040702 A1 WO2024040702 A1 WO 2024040702A1 CN 2022124240 W CN2022124240 W CN 2022124240W WO 2024040702 A1 WO2024040702 A1 WO 2024040702A1
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machine tool
cnc machine
time
energy
startup
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French (fr)
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贾顺
杨扬
张娜
张婧琰
王尚
马乐
苏升帅
关义浩
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Priority to US18/278,152 priority patent/US20250036104A1/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Program-control systems
    • G05B19/02Program-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form
    • G05B19/406Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Program-control systems
    • G05B19/02Program-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form
    • G05B19/408Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form characterised by data handling or data format, e.g. reading, buffering or conversion of data
    • G05B19/4086Coordinate conversions; Other special calculations
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Program-control systems
    • G05B19/02Program-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form
    • G05B19/4155Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form characterised by program execution, i.e. part program or machine function execution, e.g. selection of a program
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/33Director till display
    • G05B2219/33099Computer numerical control [CNC]; Software control [SWC]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/35Nc in input of data, input till input file format
    • G05B2219/35356Data handling

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of CNC machine tool energy efficiency data monitoring, and discloses a CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency evaluation and control method, system and device.
  • CNC machine tools as a type of processing equipment commonly used in the manufacturing industry, account for a large proportion of carbon emissions in the manufacturing industry.
  • the evaluation and control methods of time-energy efficiency in the processing process are studied to reduce unnecessary energy waste and meet the needs of low-carbon manufacturing. .
  • the energy efficiency of CNC machine tools is not only affected by the processing rate and quality, but also equipment shutdown factors during the processing process will also affect the energy utilization efficiency. According to the current public technical analysis, the analysis of energy efficiency is mainly about the relationship between the machining process and energy efficiency. There is still a need for an assessment and control method of energy efficiency that can take into account time factors such as the startup and shutdown of CNC machine tools.
  • disclosed embodiments of the present invention provide a CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency assessment and control method, system and device, specifically related to the technical fields of energy efficiency assessment and energy efficiency monitoring and improvement of manufacturing CNC machine tools.
  • a CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency assessment and control method includes the following steps:
  • the method of the present invention establishes a CNC machine tool startup rate model through the total planned processing time, downtime and non-operation time of the CNC machine tool within a given processing cycle; further, by constructing the planned processing effective energy model, the shutdown loss effective energy model, the operating time
  • the internal target machining effective energy and additional standby energy model are used to establish a CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency model.
  • a relationship model between startup rate, additional startup times and time-energy efficiency was established.
  • the over-limit alarm function of time-energy efficiency of CNC machine tools is realized, and the time-energy efficiency of CNC machine tools is finally controlled within the target range.
  • Step 1 Use the power sensor to collect the output power of the total power supply of the CNC machine tool in real time, and process and analyze the changes in the power curve state to obtain the total planned processing time T planed , downtime T downtime and additional startup of the CNC machine tool within a given processing cycle. times N;
  • Step 2 Based on the downtime T downtime of the CNC machine tool, the number of additional startups N and the single startup time T startup of the CNC machine tool within the given processing cycle, the non-operating time T unavailable of the CNC machine tool is obtained.
  • the calculation model is as follows:
  • T unavailable T downtime +N ⁇ T startup
  • T unavailable represents the non-operating time of the CNC machine tool
  • T downtime represents the downtime
  • N represents the number of additional startups
  • T startup represents the startup time of the CNC machine tool
  • Step 3 Calculate the CNC machine tool’s startup rate ⁇ availability through the total planned processing time T planed and non-operation time T planed of the CNC machine tool within a given processing cycle.
  • the calculation model is as follows:
  • ⁇ availability represents the CNC machine tool startup rate
  • T planed represents the total planned processing time
  • T planed represents the non-operation time of the CNC machine tool within the processing cycle
  • Step 4 Based on the total planned processing time T planed of the CNC machine tool in the given processing cycle obtained above, combined with the ideal processing time T ideal_CT of the single part and the ideal processing energy E ideal of the single part, the total planned processing time of the CNC machine tool without shutdown is calculated.
  • the effective energy of planned processing E planned its calculation model is as follows:
  • E planed represents the total planned processing effective energy
  • T planed represents the total planned processing time
  • T ideal_CT represents the ideal processing time of a single part
  • E ideal represents the ideal processing energy of a single part
  • Step 5 Based on the non-operation time T unavailable of the CNC machine tool within a given processing cycle obtained above, combined with the ideal processing time T ideal_CT of a single part and the ideal processing energy E ideal of a single part, calculate the shutdown loss of the CNC machine tool when it is shut down.
  • Effective energy E downtime its calculation model is as follows:
  • E downtime represents the effective energy lost during shutdown
  • T unavailable represents the non-operation time of the CNC machine tool
  • T ideal_CT represents the ideal processing time of a single part
  • E ideal represents the ideal processing energy of a single part
  • Step 6 Calculate the target effective processing energy E available during the operation time of the CNC machine tool through the total planned effective energy E planed and the effective energy E downtime of the CNC machine tool in a given machining cycle obtained above.
  • the calculation model is as follows:
  • E available E planned -E downtime
  • E available represents the target processing effective energy during operation
  • E planed represents the total planned processing effective energy
  • E downtime represents the effective energy lost during shutdown
  • Step 7 Calculate the additional startup energy through the additional number of startups N of the CNC machine tool within a given processing cycle and the energy E startup required for one startup of the CNC machine tool.
  • the calculation model is as follows:
  • E startup_ex represents the additional startup energy of the CNC machine tool
  • N represents the additional number of startups
  • E startup represents the energy required for one startup of the CNC machine tool.
  • Step 8 Calculate the time-energy efficiency ⁇ availability_e of the CNC machine tool through the target processing effective energy E available , downtime loss effective energy E downtime and additional startup energy E startup_ex during the operation time of the CNC machine tool in a given processing cycle, and its calculation model as follows:
  • ⁇ availability_e represents the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool
  • E available represents the target processing effective energy during operation
  • E downtime represents the effective energy lost during shutdown
  • E startup_ex represents the additional startup energy of the CNC machine tool
  • Step 9 Based on the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency model and startup rate model obtained above, construct a relationship model between CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency, CNC machine tool startup rate, and additional startup times.
  • the relationship model expression is as follows:
  • ⁇ availability_e represents the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool
  • ⁇ availability represents the startup rate of the CNC machine tool
  • T planed represents the total planned processing time of the CNC machine tool
  • E ideal represents the ideal processing energy of a single part
  • N represents the additional number of startups of the CNC machine tool
  • E startup represents the energy required to start up the CNC machine once
  • T ideal-CT represents the ideal processing time of a single part
  • Step 10 Compare the calculated CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency ⁇ availability_e within a certain processing cycle with the preset CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency alarm lower limit value Compare, if it satisfies the relationship It indicates that the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool is normal. If it satisfies the relationship Then an alarm will be issued to indicate that the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency is abnormal, and at the same time, the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency of the cycle, as well as CNC machine tool start-up rate, downtime, additional start-up times and other information will be displayed on the display;
  • Step 11 According to the alarm prompt in step 10, the operator takes corresponding measures to control the changes in the shutdown factors of the CNC machine tool, improve the startup rate of the CNC machine tool and reduce the number of additional startups, so as to keep the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool within the target range. .
  • step 1 by installing a power sensor at the air switch of the CNC machine tool's main power supply, the power of the CNC machine tool's main power supply is collected in real time and A/D conversion is performed, and the resulting input power digital signal is transmitted to the information Process the terminal and perform filtering, identify the operating status of the CNC machine tool online through the input power information, and count the downtime and additional startup times of the CNC machine tool; set the CNC machine tool to be on when the processing cycle begins, then the CNC machine tool will be in the power-on state during the processing cycle.
  • the total planned processing time is recorded as T planed
  • the downtime of the CNC machine tool within the processing cycle is recorded as T downtime
  • the additional number of starts of the CNC machine tool during the processing cycle is recorded as N.
  • step 2 the CNC machine tool's first startup time T startup is calculated by measuring and recording the time required for a single startup of the CNC machine tool using the average value method. Time T startup .
  • the ideal processing time T ideal_CT of the single part and the ideal processing energy E ideal of the single part are measured multiple times through a power sensor installed at the air switch of the CNC machine tool.
  • the average value method is used to obtain the ideal processing time T ideal_CT of a single part and the ideal processing energy E ideal of a single part.
  • step 7 the energy E startup required for the CNC machine tool to start up once is collected through the power sensor installed at the air switch during the startup process of the CNC machine tool.
  • the energy data during the startup process of the CNC machine tool are measured multiple times and used to calculate The average value method is used to obtain the energy E startup required for a single startup.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency evaluation and control device including: CNC machine tool, power sensor, computer and display screen.
  • the power sensor is used to measure the power of the CNC machine tool and obtain the energy data of the CNC machine tool;
  • the computer is used to process the power signal and store the collected total planned processing time, downtime, additional startup times and energy data information required for a single startup of the CNC machine tool;
  • the display screen is connected to the computer and is used to display CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency, startup rate, total planned processing time, downtime, additional startup times, and energy information required for a single startup.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency evaluation and control system including:
  • the CNC machine tool non-running time acquisition module is used to obtain the output power of the CNC machine tool's total power supply through the power sensor in real time, and obtain the total planned processing time and downtime of the CNC machine tool by processing the changes in the power curve state, and then obtain the processing cycle.
  • Internal CNC machine tool non-operation time is used to obtain the output power of the CNC machine tool's total power supply through the power sensor in real time, and obtain the total planned processing time and downtime of the CNC machine tool by processing the changes in the power curve state, and then obtain the processing cycle.
  • the target processing effective energy acquisition module during operation time is used to calculate the startup rate of the CNC machine tool through the total planned processing time of the CNC machine tool and the non-operation time of the CNC machine tool; and then calculates the startup rate of the CNC machine tool through the total planned processing time, the non-operation time of the CNC machine tool and the single part
  • the ideal processing time combined with the ideal processing time of a single part and the ideal processing energy of a single part, is used to calculate the total planned effective processing energy without shutdown and the effective energy lost by shutdown when there is shutdown, and then the target processing effective energy within the operation time is obtained.
  • the relational model acquisition module is used to calculate the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool from the target processing effective energy, the effective energy lost during shutdown and the additional startup energy during the operation time; based on the established CNC machine tool startup rate and time-energy efficiency, the CNC machine tool is constructed A relationship model between time-energy efficiency, CNC machine tool startup rate, and additional startup times; and real-time monitoring of CNC machine tool time-energy through the relationship model between CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency, CNC machine tool startup rate, and additional startup times efficiency, and alarm for energy efficiency exceeding limits.
  • the computer device includes a memory and a processor.
  • the memory stores a computer program.
  • the computer program causes the processor to execute the This paper describes the time-energy efficiency evaluation and control method of CNC machine tools.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the method of the present invention obtains the total planned processing time, downtime and non-operation time of the CNC machine tool within a given processing cycle by analyzing the power curve state change rules of the CNC machine tool based on time characteristics, and then establishes a CNC machine tool processing process start-up rate model; Based on the energy characteristics, the planned processing effective energy model, the shutdown loss effective energy model, the target processing effective energy during operation time and the additional standby energy model were constructed, and then a CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency model was established. Secondly, comprehensively considering the impact of CNC machine tool startup rate and additional startup times on CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency, a relationship model between CNC machine tool startup rate, additional startup times and CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency was established.
  • the method of the present invention is a A practical and feasible method for time-energy efficiency evaluation and control of CNC machine tools.
  • the evaluation method of the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool processing process provided by the present invention is compared with the preset control lower limit value of the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency to realize the lower limit alarm of the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool processing process, thereby Stably control time-energy efficiency within the target range.
  • the method of the present invention comprehensively considers the impact of factors such as the startup rate and additional startup times of CNC machine tool equipment on the energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool, and constructs a mathematical model of the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool and the startup rate and additional startup times of the CNC machine tool.
  • factors such as the startup rate and additional startup times of CNC machine tool equipment on the energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool
  • constructs a mathematical model of the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool and the startup rate and additional startup times of the CNC machine tool Through real-time monitoring of the time-energy efficiency of CNC machine tools, the over-limit alarm function of time-energy efficiency of CNC machine tools is realized, and the time-energy efficiency of CNC machine tools is finally controlled within the target range.
  • the method of the present invention analyzes the impact of CNC machine tool shutdown losses on CNC machine tool energy efficiency, and can realize an over-limit alarm on CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency. This enables rapid and targeted measures to be taken during the machining process, which is a low-carbon and practical method for evaluating and controlling the
  • the method of the present invention is based on the time characteristics and energy characteristics of the CNC machine tool processing process. It is considered that the startup rate and additional startup times of the CNC machine tool caused by frequent shutdowns affect the production efficiency of the CNC machine tool and will also seriously affect the energy utilization rate of the CNC machine tool. Based on this, a time-energy efficiency model is constructed, which provides a new index for the evaluation of energy efficiency in CNC machine tool machining processes.
  • the method of the present invention realizes an over-limit alarm on the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool through real-time monitoring and analysis of the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency, so that the CNC machine tool operator can control the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency within the target range in a targeted manner.
  • the method of the present invention is not limited to CNC machine tools, but can also be extended to other mechanical equipment -
  • the monitoring and control of energy efficiency provides effective new methods and technical support for achieving energy conservation and emission reduction in the manufacturing industry.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency assessment and control method for low-carbon manufacturing provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency evaluation and control device for low-carbon manufacturing provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency evaluation and control system for low-carbon manufacturing provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • the time-energy efficiency evaluation and control method of CNC machine tools for low-carbon manufacturing includes: first, the method of the present invention establishes the method through the total planned processing time, downtime and non-operation time of the CNC machine tool within a given processing cycle. CNC machine tool startup rate model; further, by constructing the planned processing effective energy model, the shutdown loss effective energy model, the target processing effective energy during operation and the additional standby energy model, a CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency model is established.
  • the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency evaluation and control method for low-carbon manufacturing includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Install a power sensor at the air switch of the CNC machine tool's main power supply to collect the power of the CNC machine tool's main power supply in real time and perform A/D conversion.
  • the resulting input power digital signal is transmitted to the information processing terminal and filtered.
  • the input power information identifies the operating status of the CNC machine tool online and counts the downtime and additional startup times of the CNC machine tool. Set the CNC machine tool to be on when the processing cycle starts, then the total planned processing time of the CNC machine tool in the processing cycle (recorded as T planed ), the downtime of the CNC machine tool in the processing cycle (recorded as T downtime ), the CNC machine tool in the processing cycle of additional boot times (recorded as N).
  • Step 2 The non-running time of the CNC machine tool consists of the machine tool downtime and the additional time consumed by starting the machine.
  • the calculation formula is as follows:
  • T unavailable T downtime +N ⁇ T startup
  • T unavailable represents the non-operation time of the CNC machine tool
  • T downtime represents the downtime
  • N represents the number of additional startups
  • T startup represents the startup time of the CNC machine tool.
  • Step 3 Calculate the startup rate of the CNC machine tool based on the non-running time of the CNC machine tool obtained above and the total planned processing time.
  • the calculation formula is as follows:
  • ⁇ availability represents the CNC machine tool startup rate
  • T planed represents the total planned processing time
  • T unavailable represents the non-operation time of the CNC machine tool within the processing cycle.
  • Step 4 When there is no downtime during the processing cycle, the total planned processing effective energy of the CNC machine tool is determined by the total planned processing time, the ideal processing time of the single part and the ideal processing energy of the single part.
  • the calculation formula is as follows:
  • E planed represents the total planned processing effective energy
  • T planed represents the total planned processing time
  • T ideal_CT represents the ideal processing time of a single part
  • E ideal represents the ideal processing energy of a single part.
  • Step 5 When there is shutdown during the machining cycle, based on the ideal processing time of a single part, the ideal processing energy of a single part, and the non-operation time of the CNC machine tool calculated above, the effective energy lost by the shutdown caused by the shutdown is calculated.
  • the formula is as follows:
  • E downtime represents the effective energy lost during shutdown
  • T unavailable represents the non-operation time of the CNC machine tool during the processing cycle
  • T ideal_CT represents the ideal processing time of a single part
  • E ideal represents the ideal processing energy of a single part.
  • Step 6 Based on the total planned effective processing energy and the effective energy lost during shutdown, calculate the target effective processing energy during the operation time.
  • the calculation formula is as follows:
  • E available E planned -E downtime
  • E available represents the target processing effective energy during operation
  • E planed represents the total planned processing effective energy
  • E downtime represents the effective energy lost during shutdown.
  • Step 7 During the machining cycle, the CNC machine tool is started up multiple times, causing extra energy, that is, extra startup energy.
  • the calculation formula is as follows:
  • E startup_ex represents the additional startup energy of the CNC machine tool
  • N represents the additional number of startups
  • E startup represents the energy required for one startup of the CNC machine tool.
  • Step 8 Calculate the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool based on the previously calculated CNC machine tool's total planned effective processing energy, target processing effective energy during operation and additional startup energy.
  • the calculation formula is as follows:
  • ⁇ availability_e represents the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool
  • E available represents the target processing effective energy during operation
  • E downtime represents the effective energy lost during shutdown
  • E startup_ex represents the additional startup energy of the CNC machine tool.
  • Step 9 Based on the CNC machine tool startup rate calculation model and CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency calculation model obtained above, derive the relationship model between the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency and the CNC machine tool startup rate and additional startup times.
  • the relationship model Expressed as follows:
  • ⁇ availability_e represents the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool
  • ⁇ availability represents the startup rate of the CNC machine tool
  • T planed represents the total planned processing time of the CNC machine tool
  • E ideal represents the ideal processing energy of a single part
  • N represents the additional number of startups of the CNC machine tool
  • E startup represents the energy required to start up the CNC machine once
  • T ideal-CT represents the ideal processing time of a single part.
  • Step 10 Compare the calculated CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency ⁇ availability_e within a certain processing cycle with the preset CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency alarm lower limit value Compare, if it satisfies the relationship It indicates that the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool is normal. If it satisfies the relationship Then an alarm will be issued to indicate that the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency is abnormal. At the same time, the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency of the cycle, as well as CNC machine tool start-up rate, downtime, additional start-up times and other information are displayed on the display.
  • Step 11 According to the alarm prompt in step 10, the operator takes corresponding measures to control the changes in the shutdown factors of the CNC machine tool, improve the startup rate of the CNC machine tool and reduce the number of additional startups, so as to keep the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool within the target range. .
  • the ideal processing time of a single part T ideal_CT With the ideal processing energy E ideal of a single part, through the power sensor installed at the air switch of the CNC machine tool, multiple measurements are made to obtain the time and energy of the CNC machine tool processing a single part under ideal processing parameters, and the average value is obtained to obtain the single part The ideal processing time of the part and the ideal processing energy of the single part.
  • step 7 the energy E startup required for the CNC machine tool to start up once.
  • the energy data during the startup process of the CNC machine tool are collected through the power sensor installed at the air switch, and the energy required for a single startup is calculated by averaging multiple measurements.
  • the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency evaluation and control device for low-carbon manufacturing includes: CNC machine tool 1, power sensor 2, computer 3 with Sql database installed, and display screen 4.
  • the power sensor 2 is used to measure the power of the CNC machine tool 1 and obtain the energy data of the CNC machine tool.
  • the computer 3 installed with the Sql database is used to process the power signal and store the collected data information such as the total planned processing time, downtime, additional startup times, and energy required for a single startup of the CNC machine tool;
  • the display screen 4 is connected to the computer 3 and is used to display information such as CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency, startup rate, total planned processing time, downtime, additional startup times, and energy required for a single startup.
  • the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency evaluation and control system for low-carbon manufacturing includes:
  • the CNC machine tool non-operation time acquisition module 5 is used to obtain the output power of the CNC machine tool's total power supply through the power sensor in real time, and obtain the total planned processing time and downtime of the CNC machine tool by processing the law of power curve state changes, and then obtain the processing CNC machine tool non-operation time during the cycle;
  • the target processing effective energy acquisition module 6 during operation time is used to calculate the startup rate of the CNC machine tool through the total planned processing time of the CNC machine tool and the non-operation time of the CNC machine tool; and then calculates the startup rate of the CNC machine tool through the total planned processing time, the non-operation time of the CNC machine tool and the single piece
  • the ideal processing time of the part, combined with the ideal processing time of a single part and the ideal processing energy of a single part, is calculated to calculate the total planned effective energy of processing without shutdown and the effective energy of shutdown loss when there is shutdown, and then the effective target processing within the operation time can be obtained energy;
  • the relational model acquisition module 7 is used to calculate the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool from the target processing effective energy, the effective energy lost during shutdown and the additional startup energy during the operation time; based on the established startup rate and time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool, a CNC machine tool is constructed The relationship model between machine tool time-energy efficiency and CNC machine tool startup rate and additional startup times; and through the relationship model between CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency and CNC machine tool startup rate and additional startup times, the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency is monitored in real time, And perform over-limit alarm.
  • the CNC machine tool non-operation time acquisition module 5 includes:
  • the operating status identification module of the CNC machine tool is used to collect the power of the CNC machine tool's main power supply in real time by installing a power sensor at the air switch of the CNC machine tool's main power supply, perform A/D conversion, and transmit the resulting input power digital signal to the information processing
  • the terminal performs filtering processing, identifies the operating status of the CNC machine tool online through the input power information, and counts the downtime and additional startup times of the CNC machine tool; when the CNC machine tool is set to be on when the processing cycle begins, the total number of CNC machine tools during the processing cycle
  • the planned processing time is recorded as T planed
  • the downtime of the CNC machine tool during the processing cycle is recorded as T downtime
  • the additional number of startups of the CNC machine tool during the processing cycle is recorded as N.
  • the CNC machine tool non-running time calculation module is used to calculate the CNC machine tool non-running time based on the machine tool downtime and additional startup time.
  • the target processing effective energy acquisition module 6 during operation includes:
  • the startup rate calculation module of CNC machine tools is used to calculate and obtain the startup rate of CNC machine tools.
  • the overall planned processing effective energy calculation module is used to calculate and obtain the overall planned processing effective energy.
  • the shutdown loss effective energy calculation module is used to calculate and obtain the shutdown loss effective energy.
  • the target processing effective energy calculation module within the operating time is used to calculate and obtain the target processing effective energy within the operating time.
  • the relationship model acquisition module 7 includes:
  • the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency calculation module is used to calculate the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency based on the calculated CNC machine tool total planned processing effective energy, target processing effective energy during operation and additional startup energy;
  • the relationship model building module between CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency and CNC machine tool startup rate and additional startup times is used to construct the relationship between CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency and CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency based on the obtained CNC machine tool startup rate calculation model and CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency.
  • the relationship model between CNC machine tool startup rate and additional startup times is used to construct the relationship between CNC machine tool startup rate and additional startup times.
  • Alarm prompt module used to compare the calculated CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency ⁇ availability_e within a certain processing cycle with the preset CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency alarm lower limit value Compare, if it satisfies the relationship It indicates that the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool is normal; if the relationship is satisfied Then an alarm will be issued to indicate that the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency is abnormal.
  • the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency of the cycle, as well as the CNC machine tool startup rate, downtime, additional startup times and other information are displayed on the display.
  • Module completion means dividing the internal structure of the device into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
  • Each functional unit and module in the embodiment can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit can be hardware-based. It can also be implemented in the form of software functional units.
  • the specific names of each functional unit and module are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.
  • For the specific working processes of the units and modules in the above system please refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described again here.
  • the computer device includes: at least one processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the at least one processor.
  • the processor executes The computer program implements the steps in any of the above method embodiments.
  • Application embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium that stores a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program can implement the steps in each of the above method embodiments.
  • Application embodiments of the present invention also provide an information data processing terminal.
  • the information data processing terminal is used to provide a user input interface to implement the steps in the above method embodiments when executed on an electronic device.
  • the information data processing terminal Data processing terminals are not limited to mobile phones, computers, and switches.
  • Application embodiments of the present invention also provide a server, which is configured to provide a user input interface to implement the steps in the above method embodiments when executed on an electronic device.
  • Application embodiments of the present invention provide a computer program product.
  • the steps in the above method embodiments can be implemented when the electronic device is executed.
  • the time-energy efficiency evaluation and control method of CNC machine tools for low-carbon manufacturing provided by embodiments of the present invention is not limited to CNC machine tools, but can also be extended to the monitoring and control of time-energy efficiency of other mechanical equipment. Including related intelligent control equipment and robots in chemical processing, automobile manufacturing, electronic equipment processing, transportation infrastructure and other fields. When run on an electronic device, the steps in each of the above method embodiments can be implemented when the electronic device executes.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the present invention can implement all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program.
  • the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer program When executed by a processor, the steps of each of the above method embodiments may be implemented.
  • the computer program includes computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, executable file or some intermediate form.
  • the computer-readable medium may at least include: any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code to the camera device/terminal device, recording media, computer memory, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunications signals, and software distribution media.
  • any entity or device capable of carrying computer program code to the camera device/terminal device recording media, computer memory, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunications signals, and software distribution media.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • electrical carrier signals telecommunications signals
  • software distribution media for example, U disk, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or CD, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present invention takes the CNC machine tool model CK6153i as an example.
  • the parts used are cylindrical parts.
  • the method of the present invention is used to monitor the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool during the processing cycle and alarm over limit, so as to realize the energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool. Efficiency assessment and control. In this embodiment, 3600 seconds are taken as a processing cycle for evaluation. details as follows:
  • Step 1 Obtain CNC machine tool downtime and additional startup times
  • the power of the CNC machine tool is collected in real time and A/D conversion is performed.
  • the resulting power digital signal is transmitted to the information processing terminal and filtered.
  • the power of the CNC machine tool is identified online through the input power information.
  • Step 2 Obtain the time and energy required to start up the CNC machine once
  • Step 3 Obtain the non-running time of CNC machine tools
  • the additional number of starts N 3 is calculated.
  • Step 4 Obtain the startup rate of the CNC machine tool
  • the startup rate of the CNC machine tool is calculated.
  • Step 5 Obtain the total planned processing effective energy
  • a power sensor is used to detect the ideal processing energy of a single part.
  • Step 6 Obtain the target processing effective energy during operation time
  • the target effective processing energy during operation is obtained by subtracting the total planned effective energy for processing and the effective energy lost during shutdown.
  • the calculation formula for the effective energy lost during shutdown is as follows: Among them, E downtime is the effective energy lost during shutdown, in kJ; T unavailable is the non-operation time of the CNC machine tool during the processing cycle, in s; T ideal_CT is the ideal processing time of a single part, in s; E ideal is the ideal processing time of a single part. Processing energy, unit is kJ.
  • Step 7 Obtain additional startup energy of CNC machine tools
  • Step 8 Obtain CNC machine time-energy efficiency
  • ⁇ availability_e is the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool
  • E available is the target processing effective energy during operation, in kJ
  • E downtime is the effective energy lost during shutdown, in kJ
  • E startup_ex is the additional startup energy of the CNC machine tool, in kJ kJ.
  • Step 9 Obtain the relationship model between time-energy efficiency and startup rate of CNC machine tools
  • eta availablity_e is the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool
  • eta availablity is the startup rate of the CNC machine tool
  • T planed is the total planned processing time of the CNC machine tool, in s
  • E ideal is the ideal processing energy of a single part, in kJ
  • N is The number of additional startups of the CNC machine tool
  • E startup is the energy required for one startup of the CNC machine tool, in kJ
  • T ideal-CT is the ideal processing time of a single part, in s.
  • the total planned processing time of the CNC machine tool during the processing cycle is 3600s
  • the ideal processing energy of a single part of the CNC machine tool is 152.9kJ
  • the number of starts is 3 times
  • the CNC machine tool The energy required to start up the machine once is 1.33kJ
  • the ideal processing time of a single part is 105s.
  • Step 10 Monitoring of time-energy efficiency of CNC machine tools and over-limit alarm
  • the lower limit of time-energy efficiency of CNC machine tools It is derived based on the historical data of the CNC machine tool processing process and the experience of managers. Assume that the lower limit of time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool in this embodiment Taking 10:00-11:00 am on January 8th as an example, it is known from the above that the time-energy efficiency of the CNC machine tool is 90.32%, which satisfies the relationship It means that the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency is within the target range.
  • the time-energy efficiency of CNC machine tools is abnormal.
  • an alarm is issued and information such as the CNC machine tool's time-energy efficiency ⁇ availablity_e , the CNC machine tool startup rate eta availablity , the CNC machine tool downtime T downtime , and the CNC machine tool's additional startup times N are displayed on the display.
  • Step 11 Adjust relevant parameters and control CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency
  • the machine tool operator makes targeted adjustments to the CNC machine tool CK6153i processing parameters to control the CNC machine tool time-energy efficiency within the target range.
  • the method of the invention can be used for scientific evaluation and monitoring of the time-energy efficiency of CNC machine tools in the manufacturing industry, to control the time-energy efficiency of CNC machine tools within the target range, and to realize energy control of the CNC machine tool production and processing process.
  • the method of the invention provides effective and practical technical and method support for realizing energy conservation and emission reduction in the manufacturing industry.

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Abstract

一种数控机床时间‑能量效率评估与控制方法、系统及装置。包括:综合分析数控机床设备的开机率和额外开机次数等因素对数控机床能量效率的影响,并构建数控机床时间‑能量效率与数控机床开机率和额外开机次数的数学模型。通过对数控机床时间能量效率的实时监测,实现数控机床时间‑能量效率的超限报警功能,最终将数控机床的时间‑能量效率控制在目标范围内。分析数控机床停机损失对数控机床能量效率的影响,并能够实现对数控机床时间能量效率的超限报警。使得在加工过程中可以迅速有针对性的采取相应的措施,是低碳实用的机床能量效率评估与控制方法。

Description

数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法、系统及装置 技术领域
本发明属于数控机床能量效率数据监测技术领域,公开了数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法、系统及装置。
背景技术
数控机床作为制造业中普遍使用的一种加工设备,在制造业碳排放量方面占有较大的比重。随着制造业不断向着绿色低碳进行转型,而在数控机床方面,通过对加工过程内有关时间-能量效率的评估与控制方法进行研究,从而减少不必要的能量浪费,满足低碳制造的需求。
数控机床的能量效率不仅受到加工速率和质量的影响,而加工过程中设备停机因素也会影响能量的利用效率。而通过目前公开的技术分析,对于能量效率方面的分析主要是加工过程与能量效率的关系,依然需要一种能够考虑数控机床开停机等时间方面因素对能量效率的评估与控制方法。
通过上述分析,现有技术存在的问题及缺陷为:
(1)现有技术中,没有建立数控机床开机率、数控机床额外开机次数和数控机床时间-能量效率的关系模型,不能实现对数控机床时间-能量效率的超限报警,不能有效辅助操作人员有效的发现因停机因素,导致数控机床运行的能量效率降低。
(2)现有技术中由于不能有效发现数控机床加工过程中因停机损失导致的能量效率异常原因,对工作效率造成一定影响,不能及时发现设备故障,使得生产成本增加,而且现有技术的数控机床的能量效率评估方法仅限用于数控机床方面,对其他机械设备的时间-能量效率的监测和控制不具有实用性。
发明内容
为克服相关技术中存在的问题,本发明公开实施例提供了一种数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法、系统及装置,具体涉及制造业数控机床能量效率评估与能量效率监测与改善技术领域的一种面向低碳制造的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法。
所述技术方案如下:一种数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法包括以下步骤:
首先,本发明方法通过给定加工周期内数控机床的总计划加工时间、停机时间以及非运转时间,建立数控机床开机率模型;进一步通过构建计划加工有效能量模型、停机损失有效能量模型、运转时间内目标加工有效能量以及额外待机能量模型,从而建立数控机床时间-能量效率模型。其次,基于数控机床开机率和额外开机次数对数控机床能量效率的影响分析结果,建立开机率、额外开机次数与时间-能量效率的关系模型。最后,通过对数控机床时间-能量效率的实时监测,实现数控机床时间-能量效率的超限报警功能,最终将数控机床的时间-能量效率控制在目标范围内。
具体包括以下步骤:
步骤1,通过功率传感器实时采集数控机床总电源的输出功率,并处理分析功率曲线状态变化的规律进而得出给定加工周期内数控机床的总计划加工时间T planed、停机时间T downtime和额外开机次数N;
步骤2,通过给定加工周期内数控机床的停机时间T downtime、额外开机次数N以及单次开机时间T startup,得出数控机床非运转时间T unavailable,其计算模型如下:
T unavailable=T downtime+N×T startup
其中:T unavailable表示数控机床非运转时间,T downtime表示停机时间,N表示额外开机次数,T startup表示数控机床单次开机时间;
步骤3,通过给定加工周期内数控机床的总计划加工时间T planed以及非运转时间T planed,计算出数控机床的开机率η availablity,其计算模型如下:
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000001
其中:η availablity表示数控机床开机率,T planed表示总计划加工时间,T planed表示加工周期内数控机床非运转时间;
步骤4,通过前述得到的给定加工周期内数控机床的总计划加工时间T planed,结合单件零件理想加工时间T ideal_CT与单件零件理想加工能量E ideal,计算得到数控机床无停机时的总计划加工有效能量E planed,其计算模型如下:
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000002
其中:E planed表示总计划加工有效能量,T planed表示总计划加工时间,T ideal_CT表示单件零件理想加工时间,E ideal表示单件零件理想加工能量;
步骤5,通过前述得到的给定加工周期内数控机床的非运转时间T unavailable,结合单件零件理想加工时间T ideal_CT与单件零件理想加工能量E ideal,计算得到数控机床存在停机时的停机损失有效能量E downtime,其计算模型如下:
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000003
其中:E downtime表示停机损失有效能量,T unavailable表示数控机床非运转时间,T ideal_CT表示单件零件理想加工时间,E ideal表示单件零件理想加工能量;
步骤6,通过前述得到的给定加工周期内数控机床的总计划加工有效能量E planed与停机损失有效能量E downtime,计算得到数控机床运转时间内目标加工有效能量E available,其计算模型如下:
E available=E planed-E downtime
其中:E available表示运转时间内目标加工有效能量,E planed表示总计划加工有效能量,E downtime表示停机损失有效能量;
步骤7,通过给定加工周期内数控机床的额外开机次数N和数控机床单次开 机所需能量E startup,计算得到额外开机能量,其计算模型如下:
E startup_ex=N×E startup
其中,E startup_ex表示数控机床的额外开机能量,N表示额外开机次数,E startup表示数控机床单次开机所需能量。
步骤8,通过给定加工周期内数控机床的运转时间内目标加工有效能量E available、停机损失有效能量E downtime和额外开机能量E startup_ex,计算得到数控机床的时间-能量效率η availablity_e,其计算模型如下:
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000004
其中:η availablity_e表示数控机床时间-能量效率,E available表示运转时间内目标加工有效能量,E downtime表示停机损失有效能量,E startup_ex表示数控机床的额外开机能量;
步骤9,根据前述得到的数控机床时间-能量效率模型以及开机率模型,构建数控机床时间-能量效率与数控机床开机率、额外开机次数之间的关系模型,其关系模型表达式如下:
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000005
其中:η availablity_e表示数控机床时间-能量效率,η availablity表示数控机床的开机率,T planed表示数控机床总计划加工时间,E ideal表示单件零件理想加工能量,N表示数控机床额外开机次数,E startup表示数控机床单次开机所需能量,T ideal-CT表示单件零件的理想加工时间;
步骤10,将计算得到的某个加工周期内数控机床时间-能量效率η availablity_e与预先设定的数控机床时间-能量效率报警下限值
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000006
进行比较,若满足关系式
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000007
则表明数控机床时间-能量效率正常。若满足关系式
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000008
则发出报警提示数控机床时间-能量效率异常,同时将该周期数控机床时间-能量效率以及数控机床开机率、停机时间、额外开机次数等信息显示在显示屏上;
步骤11,操作人员根据步骤10的报警提示,针对数控机床的停机因素变化情况采取相应措施进行控制,提高数控机床开机率并减少额外开机次数,从而使数控机床时间-能量效率保持在目标范围内。
在一个实施例中,在步骤1中,通过在数控机床总电源空气开关处安装一个功率传感器,实时采集数控机床总电源的功率并进行A/D转换,将所得的输入功率数字信号传输至信息处理终端并进行滤波处理,通过输入功率信息在线识别出数控机床的运行状态,统计数控机床的停机时间和额外开机次数;设定加工周期开始时数控机床处于开机状态,则数控机床加工周期内的总计划加工时间,记为T planed,加工周期内数控机床的停机时间,记为T downtime,加工周期内数控机床的额外开机次数,记为N。
在一个实施例中,在步骤2中,所述数控机床单次开机时间T startup,通过多次测量并记录数控机床的单次开机所需要的时间,采用平均值法计算得到数控机床单次开机时间T startup
在一个实施例中,在步骤4和步骤5中,所述单件零件理想加工时间T ideal_CT和单件零件理想加工能量E ideal,通过在数控机床空气开关处安装的功率传感器,多次测量得出数控机床在理想加工参数条件下加工单件零件所需要的时间和能量,采用平均值法得到单件零件理想加工时间T ideal_CT和单件零件理想加工能量E ideal
在一个实施例中,在步骤7中,所述数控机床单次开机所需能量E startup,通过在空气开关处安装的功率传感器收集数控机床开机启动过程中的能量数据,多次测量并利用求平均值法得出单次开机所需能量E startup
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制装置包 括:数控机床、功率传感器、计算机和显示屏。
所述功率传感器用于测量数控机床功率并得出数控机床的能量数据;
计算机用于处理功率信号,存储采集得到的数控机床总计划加工时间、停机时间、额外开机次数以及单次开机所需能量数据信息;
显示屏与计算机相连,用于显示数控机床时间-能量效率、开机率、总计划加工时间、停机时间、额外开机次数、及单次开机所需能量信息。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制系统包括:
数控机床非运转时间获取模块,用于获取通过功率传感器实时采集数控机床总电源的输出功率,通过处理功率曲线状态变化的规律得出数控机床的总计划加工时间和停机时间,进而得出加工周期内数控机床非运转时间;
运转时间内目标加工有效能量获取模块,用于通过数控机床的总计划加工时间和数控机床非运转时间计算出数控机床的开机率;再通过总计划加工时间、数控机床非运转时间和单件零件理想加工时间,结合单件零件理想加工时间和单件零件理想加工能量分别计算出无停机时的总计划加工有效能量和存在停机时的停机损失有效能量,进而得出运转时间内目标加工有效能量;
关系模型获取模块,用于由运转时间内目标加工有效能量、停机损失有效能量和额外开机能量计算得到数控机床的时间-能量效率;基于建立的数控机床开机率和时间-能量效率,构建数控机床时间-能量效率与数控机床开机率、额外开机次数之间的关系模型;并通过所述数控机床时间-能量效率与数控机床开机率、额外开机次数之间的关系模型实时监测数控机床时间-能量效率,并对能量效率进行超限报警。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种计算机设备,所述计算机设备包括存储器和处理器,所述存储器存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被所述处理器执行时,使得所述处理器执行所述数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法。
结合上述的所有技术方案,与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
第一、针对上述现有技术存在的技术问题以及解决该问题的难度,紧密结合本发明的所要保护的技术方案以及研发过程中结果和数据等,详细、深刻地分析本发明技术方案如何解决的技术问题,解决问题之后带来的一些具备创造性的技术效果。具体描述如下:
首先,本发明方法通过分析数控机床的功率曲线状态变化规律,基于时间特性得到给定加工周期内数控机床的总计划加工时间、停机时间以及非运转时间,进而建立数控机床加工过程开机率模型;基于能量特性,构建了计划加工有效能量模型、停机损失有效能量模型、运转时间内目标加工有效能量以及额外待机能量模型,进而建立了数控机床时间-能量效率模型。其次,综合考虑数控机床开机率和额外开机次数对数控机床时间-能量效率的影响,建立了数控机床开机率、额外开机次数与数控机床时间-能量效率的关系模型。最后,通过对数控机床时间-能量效率的实时监测,实现数控机床时间-能量效率的超限报警,使操作人员及时有针对性地控制机床时间-能量效率在目标范围内,本发明方法是一种实用可行的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法。
第二,把技术方案看作一个整体或者从产品的角度,本发明所要保护的技术方案具备的技术效果和优点,具体描述如下:
本发明提供的数控机床加工过程的时间-能量效率的评估方法,与预先设定的数控机床时间-能量效率的控制下限值进行对比,实现数控机床加工过程时间-能量效率的下限报警,从而将时间-能量效率稳定控制在目标范围内。
本发明方法综合考虑数控机床设备的开机率和额外开机次数等因素对数控机床能量效率的影响,并构建数控机床时间-能量效率与数控机床开机率和额外开机次数的数学模型。通过对数控机床时间-能量效率的实时监测,实现数控机床时间-能量效率的超限报警功能,最终将数控机床的时间-能量效率控制在目标范围内。本发明方法分析了数控机床停机损失对数控机床能量效率的影响,并能够实现对数控机床时间-能量效率的超限报警。使得在加工过程中可以迅速有针对性的采取相应的措施,是一种低碳实用的机床能量效率评估与控制方法。
第三,作为本发明的权利要求的创造性辅助证据,还体现在本发明的技术方案为设备能量效率评估提供了新指标并填补了国内外业技术空白:
本发明方法基于数控机床加工过程的时间特性和能量特性,考虑数控机床由频繁停机引发的开机率和额外开机次数影响数控机床生产效率同时也会严重影响数控机床能量利用率。基于此,构建了时间-能量效率模型,为数控机床加工过程能量效率的评价提供了一种新的指标。
本发明方法通过对数控机床时间-能量效率的实时监测分析,实现对数控机床时间-能量效率的超限报警,使数控机床操作人员可以有针对性地控制数控机床时间-能量效率在目标范围内,解决了目前国内外业内难以有效发现数控机床加工过程中因停机损失导致的能量效率异常原因的问题;同时,本发明方法不仅限用于数控机床方面,还可推广至其他机械设备的时间-能量效率的监测和控制,为实现制造业节能减排提供了有效的新方法和技术支持。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分,示出了符合本公开的实施例,并与说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。
图1是本发明实施例提供的面向低碳制造的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法原理图;
图2是本发明实施例提供的本发明实施例提供的面向低碳制造的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制装置示意图;
图3是本发明实施例提供的面向低碳制造的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制系统示意图;
图中:1、数控机床;2、功率传感器;3、计算机;4、显示屏;5、数控机床非运转时间获取模块;6、运转时间内目标加工有效能量获取模块;7、关系模型获取模块。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施,本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似改进,因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施的限制。
一、解释说明实施例:
本发明实施例提供的面向低碳制造的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法包括:首先,本发明方法通过给定加工周期内数控机床的总计划加工时间、停机时间以及非运转时间,建立数控机床开机率模型;进一步通过构建计划加工有效能量模型、停机损失有效能量模型、运转时间内目标加工有效能量以及额外待机能量模型,从而建立数控机床时间-能量效率模型。其次,基于数控机床开机率和额外开机次数对数控机床能量效率的影响分析结果,即综合分析数控机床开机率和额外开机次数对数控机床能量效率的影响,建立开机率、额外开机次数与时间-能量效率的关系模型。最后,通过对数控机床时间-能量效率的实时监测,实现数控机床时间-能量效率的超限报警功能,最终将数控机床的时间-能量效率控制在目标范围内。
实施例1
如图1所示,本发明实施例提供的面向低碳制造的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法包括如下步骤:
步骤1,通过在数控机床总电源空气开关处安装一个功率传感器,实时采集数控机床总电源的功率并进行A/D转换,将所得的输入功率数字信号传输至信息处理终端并进行滤波处理,通过输入功率信息在线识别出数控机床的运行状态,统计数控机床的停机时间和额外开机次数。设定加工周期开始时数控机床处于开机状态,则数控机床加工周期内的总计划加工时间(记为T planed),加工周期内数控机床的停机时间(记为T downtime),加工周期内数控机床的额外开机次 数(记为N)。
步骤2,数控机床非运转时间由机床停机时间和额外开机所消耗的时间组成,计算公式如下:
T unavailable=T downtime+N×T startup
其中,T unavailable表示数控机床非运转时间,T downtime表示停机时间,N表示额外开机次数,T startup表示数控机床单次开机时间。
步骤3,根据前述得到的数控机床非运转时间,结合总计划加工时间计算得出数控机床的开机率,计算公式如下:
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000009
其中,η availablity表示数控机床开机率,T planed表示总计划加工时间,T unavailable表示加工周期内数控机床非运转时间。
步骤4,当加工周期内无停机时,数控机床的总计划加工有效能量由总计划加工时间、单件零件的理想加工时间和单件零件的理想加工能量决定,计算公式如下:
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000010
其中,E planed表示总计划加工有效能量,T planed表示总计划加工时间,T ideal_CT表示单件零件理想加工时间,E ideal表示单件零件理想加工能量。
步骤5,当加工周期内存在停机时,根据单件零件的理想加工时间、单件零件的理想加工能量,以及前述计算出的数控机床非运转时间,则由停机造成的停机损失有效能量的计算公式如下:
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000011
其中,E downtime表示停机损失有效能量,T unavailable表示加工周期内数控机床非运转时间,T ideal_CT表示单件零件理想加工时间,E ideal表示单件零件理想加工能 量。
步骤6,基于前述得到的总计划加工有效能量和停机损失有效能量,计算出运转时间内目标加工有效能量,其计算公式如下:
E available=E planed-E downtime
其中,E available表示运转时间内目标加工有效能量,E planed表示总计划加工有效能量,E downtime表示停机损失有效能量。
步骤7,加工周期内,由数控机床多次开机造成了额外的能量,即额外开机能量,其计算公式如下所示:
E startup_ex=N×E startup
其中,E startup_ex表示数控机床的额外开机能量,N表示额外开机次数,E startup表示数控机床单次开机所需能量。
步骤8,根据前述计算的数控机床总计划加工有效能量、运转时间内目标加工有效能量和额外开机能量,计算得到数控机床时间-能量效率,计算公式如下:
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000012
其中,η availablity_e表示数控机床时间-能量效率,E available表示运转时间内目标加工有效能量,E downtime表示停机损失有效能量,E startup_ex表示数控机床的额外开机能量。
步骤9,根据前述得到的数控机床开机率计算模型和数控机床时间-能量效率计算模型,推导运算得到数控机床时间-能量效率与数控机床开机率和额外开机次数之间的关系模型,其关系模型表达如下:
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000013
其中,η availablity_e表示数控机床时间-能量效率,η availablity表示数控机床的开机率,T planed表示数控机床总计划加工时间,E ideal表示单件零件理想加工能量,N 表示数控机床额外开机次数,E startup表示数控机床单次开机所需能量,T ideal-CT表示单件零件的理想加工时间。
步骤10,将计算得到的某个加工周期内数控机床时间-能量效率η availablity_e与预先设定的数控机床时间-能量效率报警下限值
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000014
进行比较,若满足关系式
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000015
则表明数控机床时间-能量效率正常。若满足关系式
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000016
则发出报警提示数控机床时间-能量效率异常,同时将该周期数控机床时间-能量效率以及数控机床开机率、停机时间、额外开机次数等信息显示在显示屏上。
步骤11,操作人员根据步骤10的报警提示,针对数控机床的停机因素变化情况采取相应措施进行控制,提高数控机床开机率并减少额外开机次数,从而使数控机床时间-能量效率保持在目标范围内。
实施例2
基于本发明实施例1提供的面向低碳制造的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法,作为本发明优选实施例,进一步地,在步骤4和步骤5中,单件零件理想加工时间T ideal_CT与单件零件理想加工能量E ideal,通过在数控机床空气开关处安装的功率传感器,多次测量得出数控机床在理想加工参数条件下加工单件零件的时间和能量,求平均值得到单件零件理想加工时间和单件零件理想加工能量。
实施例3
基于本发明实施例1提供的面向低碳制造的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法,作为本发明优选实施例,进一步地,在步骤7中,数控机床单次开机所需能量E startup,通过在空气开关处安装的功率传感器收集数控机床开机启动过程中的能量数据,多次测量并求平均值得出单次开机所需能量。
实施例4
如图2所示,本发明实施例提供的面向低碳制造的数控机床时间-能量效率 评估与控制装置包括:数控机床1、功率传感器2、安装Sql数据库的计算机3和显示屏4。
功率传感器2用于测量数控机床1功率并得出数控机床的能量数据。
安装Sql数据库的计算机3用于处理功率信号,存储采集得到的数控机床总计划加工时间、停机时间、额外开机次数以及单次开机所需能量等数据信息;
显示屏4与计算机3相连,用于显示数控机床时间-能量效率、开机率、总计划加工时间、停机时间、额外开机次数、及单次开机所需能量等信息。
实施例5
如图3所示,本发明实施例提供的面向低碳制造的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制系统包括:
数控机床非运转时间获取模块5,用于获取通过功率传感器实时采集数控机床总电源的输出功率,通过处理功率曲线状态变化的规律得出数控机床的总计划加工时间和停机时间,进而得出加工周期内数控机床非运转时间;
运转时间内目标加工有效能量获取模块6,用于通过数控机床的总计划加工时间和数控机床非运转时间计算出数控机床的开机率;再通过总计划加工时间、数控机床非运转时间和单件零件理想加工时间,结合单件零件理想加工时间和单件零件理想加工能量分别计算出无停机时的总计划加工有效能量和存在停机时的停机损失有效能量,进而得出运转时间内目标加工有效能量;
关系模型获取模块7,用于由运转时间内目标加工有效能量、停机损失有效能量和额外开机能量计算得到数控机床的时间-能量效率;基于建立的数控机床开机率和时间-能量效率,构建数控机床时间-能量效率与数控机床开机率、额外开机次数的关系模型;并通过所述数控机床时间-能量效率与数控机床开机率、额外开机次数的关系模型对数控机床时间-能量效率实时监测,并进行超限报警。
在本发明一优选实施例中,所述数控机床非运转时间获取模块5包括:
数控机床的运行状态识别模块,用于通过在数控机床总电源空气开关处安装一个功率传感器,实时采集数控机床总电源的功率并进行A/D转换,将所得 的输入功率数字信号传输至信息处理终端并进行滤波处理,通过输入功率信息在线识别出数控机床的运行状态,统计数控机床的停机时间和额外开机次数;设定加工周期开始时数控机床处于开机状态,则数控机床加工周期内的总计划加工时间,记为T planed,加工周期内数控机床的停机时间,记为T downtime,加工周期内数控机床的额外开机次数,记为N。
数控机床非运转时间计算模块,用于通过机床停机时间和额外开机所消耗的时间计算数控机床非运转时间。
在本发明一优选实施例中,运转时间内目标加工有效能量获取模块6包括:
数控机床的开机率计算模块,用于、计算并获取数控机床的开机率。
总计划加工有效能量计算模块,用于总计划加工有效能量的计算与获得。
停机损失有效能量计算模块,用于计算并获取所述停机损失有效能量。
运转时间内目标加工有效能量计算模块,用于计算并获得所述运转时间内目标加工有效能量。
在一个实施例中,关系模型获取模块7包括:
数控机床时间-能量效率计算模块,用于根据计算的数控机床总计划加工有效能量、运转时间内目标加工有效能量和额外开机能量,计算得到数控机床时间-能量效率;
数控机床时间-能量效率与数控机床开机率和额外开机次数之间的关系模型构建模块,用于根据得到的数控机床开机率计算模型和数控机床时间-能量效率,构建数控机床时间-能量效率与数控机床开机率和额外开机次数之间的关系模型。
报警提示模块,用于将计算得到的某个加工周期内数控机床时间-能量效率η availablity_e与预先设定的数控机床时间-能量效率报警下限值
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000017
进行比较,若满足关系式
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000018
则表明数控机床时间-能量效率正常;若满足关系式
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000019
则发出报警提示数控机床时间-能量效率异常, 同时将该周期数控机床时间-能量效率以及数控机床开机率、停机时间、额外开机次数等信息显示在显示屏上。
在上述实施例中,对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重,某个实施例中没有详述或记载的部分,可以参见其它实施例的相关描述。
上述装置/单元之间的信息交互、执行过程等内容,由于与本发明方法实施例基于同一构思,其具体功能及带来的技术效果,具体可参见方法实施例部分,此处不再赘述。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到,为了描述的方便和简洁,仅以上述各功能单元、模块的划分进行举例说明,实际应用中,可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能单元、模块完成,即将所述装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能单元或模块,以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。实施例中的各功能单元、模块可以集成在一个处理单元中,也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中,上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。另外,各功能单元、模块的具体名称也只是为了便于相互区分,并不用于限制本发明的保护范围。上述系统中单元、模块的具体工作过程,可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程,在此不再赘述。
二、应用实施例:
应用例1
本发明应用实施例提供了一种计算机设备,该计算机设备包括:至少一个处理器、存储器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述至少一个处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现上述任意各个方法实施例中的步骤。
应用例2
本发明应用实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时可实现上述各个方 法实施例中的步骤。
应用例3
本发明应用实施例还提供了一种信息数据处理终端,所述信息数据处理终端用于实现于电子装置上执行时,提供用户输入接口以实施如上述各方法实施例中的步骤,所述信息数据处理终端不限于手机、电脑、交换机。
应用例4
本发明应用实施例还提供了一种服务器,所述服务器用于实现于电子装置上执行时,提供用户输入接口以实施如上述各方法实施例中的步骤。
应用例5
本发明应用实施例提供了一种计算机程序产品,当计算机程序产品在电子设备上运行时,使得电子设备执行时可实现上述各个方法实施例中的步骤。
应用例6
本发明实施例提供的面向低碳制造的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法不仅限用于数控机床方面,还可推广至其他机械设备的时间-能量效率的监测和控制。包括化工加工、汽车制造、电子设备加工、交通基础设施基建等领域的相关智能控制设备、机器人。当在电子设备上运行时,使得电子设备执行时可实现上述各个方法实施例中的步骤。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解,本发明实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程,可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成,所述的计算机程序可存储于一计算机可读存储介质中,该计算机程序在被处理器执行时,可实现上述各个方法实施例的步骤。其中,所述计算机程序包括计算机程序代码,所述计算机程序代码可以为源代码形式、对象代码形式、可执行文件或某些中间形式等。所述计算机可读介质至少可以包括:能够将计算机程序代码携带到拍照装置/终端设备的任何实体或装置、记录介质、计算机存储器、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory,ROM)、随机存取存储器 (Random Access Memory,RAM)、电载波信号、电信信号以及软件分发介质。例如U盘、移动硬盘、磁碟或者光盘等。
三、实施例相关效果的证据:
本发明实施例以型号为CK6153i型的数控机床加工零件为例,采用的零件为圆柱状零件,通过本发明方法对加工周期内数控机床时间-能量效率进行监测和超限报警,实现数控机床能量效率的评估和控制。在本实施例中,取3600秒为一个加工周期进行评估。具体如下:
步骤1.获取数控机床停机时间和额外开机次数
通过在数控机床空气开关处的功率传感器,实时采集数控机床的功率并进行A/D转换,将所得的功率数字信号传输至信息处理终端并进行滤波处理,通过输入功率信息在线识别出数控机床的运行状态,记录数控机床开机和停机时间点的信息并统计停机时间。以1月8日上午10:00-11:00为例,加工周期内总计划加工时间T planed=3600s,获取数控机床CK6153i型的开机和停机记录数据,得出加工周期内数控机床停机时间T downtime=300s,额外开机次数N=3。
步骤2.获取数控机床单次开机启动所需时间和能量
多次启动CK6153i型数控机床并测量开机启动所需时间和所需能量,开机所需能量通过在空气开关处的功率传感器测量计算获得,所测量的30组开机过程所需时间和所需能量数据如表1所示。
表1
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000020
通过测量得到的30组开机启动所需时间和所需能量值,分别求平均值得到开机启动所需时间T startup=15.4s,开机所需能量E startup=1.33kJ。
步骤3.获取数控机床非运转时间
数控机床非运转时间的计算公式为T unavailable=T downtime+N×T startup,其中T unavailable为数控机床非运转时间,单位为s;T downtime为停机时间,单位为s;N为额外开机次数,T startup为数控机床单次开机时间,单位为s。以1月8日上午10:00-11:00为例,开机启动所需时间T startup=15.4s,通过测量得到数控机床的停机时间T downtime=300s,额外开机次数N=3,计算得出数控机床非运转时间T unavailable=T downtime+N×T startup=300+3×15.4=346.2s。
步骤4.获取数控机床的开机率
数控机床开机率的计算公式为
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000021
其中η availablity为数控机床的开机率,T unavailable为数控机床非运转时间,单位为s;T planed为数控机床总计划加工时间,单位为s。以1月8日上午10:00-11:00为例,数控机床CK6153i型的总计划加工时间T planed=3600s,非运转时间T unavailable=346.2s,计算得出数控机床的开机率
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000022
步骤5.获取总计划加工有效能量
5.1获取单件零件理想加工能量
本实施例通过采用功率传感器对单件零件理想加工能量进行检测。通过在给定数控机床加工理想参数条件下对单个零件进行加工,并对加工过程产生的能量进行多次测量。对数控机床CK6153i型进行30组测量,测量结果如表2所示。
表2
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000023
根据表2测量的30组结果,求平均值得到单件零件理想加工能量 E ideal=152.9kJ。
5.2获取总计划加工有效能量
总计划加工有效能量的计算公式为
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000024
其中E planed为总计划加工有效能量,单位为kJ;T planed为总计划加工时间,单位为s;T ideal_CT为单件零件理想加工时间,单位为s;E ideal为单件零件理想加工能量,单位为kJ。以1月8日上午10:00-11:00为例,数控机床CK6153i型的总计划加工时间T planed=3600s,根据历史数据得到单件零件理想加工时间T ideal_CT=105s,单件零件理想加工能量E ideal=152.9kJ。则总计划加工有效能量
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000025
步骤6.获取运转时间内目标加工有效能量
运转时间内目标加工有效能量由总计划加工有效能量和停机损失有效能量相减得出,停机损失有效能量的计算公式如下:
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000026
其中E downtime为停机损失有效能量,单位为kJ;T unavailable为加工周期内数控机床非运转时间,单位为s;T ideal_CT为单件零件理想加工时间,单位为s;E ideal为单件零件理想加工能量,单位为kJ。以1月8日上午10:00-11:00为例,数控机床CK6153i型的非运转时间T unavailable=346.2s,单件零件理想加工时间T ideal_CT=105s,单件零件理想加工能量E ideal=152.9kJ,计算出停机损失有效能量
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000027
则运转时间内目标加工有效能量E available=E planed-E downtime=5242.3-504.1=4738.2kJ。
步骤7.获取数控机床额外开机能量
数控机床额外开机能量的计算公式为E startup_ex=N×E startup,其中E startup_ex为 数控机床的额外开机能量,单位为kJ;N为额外开机次数;E startup为数控机床单次开机所需能量,单位为kJ。以1月8日上午10:00-11:00为例,额外开机次数N=3,单次开机所需能量E startup=1.33kJ。则数控机床额外开机能量E startup_ex=N×E startup=3×1.33=4.0kJ。
步骤8.获取数控机床时间-能量效率
时间-能量效率计算公式
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000028
其中η availablity_e为数控机床时间-能量效率;E available为运转时间内目标加工有效能量,单位为kJ;E downtime为停机损失有效能量,单位为kJ;E startup_ex为数控机床的额外开机能量,单位为kJ。以1月8日上午10:00-11:00为例,数控机床CK6153i型运转时间内目标加工有效能量E available=4738.2kJ,停机损失有效能量E downtime=504.1kJ,额外开机能量E startup_ex=4.0kJ。则时间-能量效率
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000029
步骤9.获取数控机床时间-能量效率与开机率的关系模型
通过获得的数控机床时间-能量效率和数控机床开机率计算模型,进而得出数控机床时间-能量效率与开机率的关系模型,即
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000030
其中η availablity_e为数控机床时间-能量效率;η availablity为数控机床的开机率;T planed为数控机床总计划加工时间,单位为s;E ideal为单件零件理想加工能量,单位为kJ;N为数控机床额外开机次数;E startup为数控机床单次开机所需能量,单位为kJ;T ideal-CT为单件零件的理想加工时间,单位为s。同以1月8日上午10:00-11:00为例,在加工周期内数控机床总计划加工时间为3600s,数控机床的单件零件理想加工能量为152.9kJ,开机次数为3次,数控机床单次开机所需能量为1.33kJ,单件零件的理想加工时间为 105s。则数控机床时间-能量效率与开机率和额外开机次数的关系模型为
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000031
步骤10.数控机床的时间-能量效率的监测及超限报警
通过将计算得出的加工周期内数控机床时间-能量效率η availablity_e与数控机床时间-能量效率的下限值
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000032
进行比较,来检测数控机床的时间-能量效率是否处于目标范围内。在本发明中,数控机床时间-能量效率的下限值
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000033
根据数控机床加工过程历史数据结合管理人员经验得出。假设本实施例的数控机床时间-能量效率的下限值
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000034
同以1月8日上午10:00-11:00为例,由前述得知数控机床时间-能量效率为90.32%,满足关系式
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000035
则表示数控机床时间-能量效率处于目标范围内。若假设本实施例的数控机床时间-能量效率的下限值
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000036
则有
Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-000037
即数控机床时间-能量效率异常。同时发出警报并将数控机床的时间-能量效率η availablity_e、数控机床开机率η availablity、数控机床停机时间T downtime、数控机床额外开机次数N等信息显示在显示屏上。
步骤11.调整相关参数,调节控制数控机床时间-能量效率
机床操作人员根据步骤10的报警提示,对数控机床CK6153i加工参数进行有针对性的调整,将数控机床时间-能量效率控制在目标范围内。
本发明方法可以用于制造业中数控机床时间-能量效率的科学评估与监控,将数控机床时间-能量效率控制在目标范围内,实现数控机床生产加工过程的能量控制。本发明方法为实现制造业的节能减排提供有效实用的技术和方法支持。
以上所述,仅为本发明较优的具体的实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法,其特征在于,该方法包括:
    通过给定加工周期内数控机床的总计划加工时间、停机时间以及非运转时间,建立数控机床开机率模型;通过构建计划加工有效能量模型、停机损失有效能量模型、运转时间内目标加工有效能量以及额外待机能量模型,建立数控机床时间-能量效率模型;
    基于数控机床开机率和额外开机次数对数控机床能量效率的影响分析结果,建立开机率、额外开机次数与时间-能量效率的关系模型;
    基于建立的开机率、额外开机次数与时间-能量效率的关系模型,通过对数控机床时间-能量效率的实时监测,进行数控机床时间-能量效率的超限报警,并将数控机床的时间-能量效率控制在目标范围内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法,其特征在于,所述数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法具体包括以下步骤:
    步骤1,通过功率传感器实时采集数控机床总电源的输出功率,并处理分析功率曲线状态变化的规律进而得出给定加工周期内数控机床的总计划加工时间T planed、停机时间T downtime和额外开机次数N;
    步骤2,通过给定加工周期内数控机床的停机时间T downtime、额外开机次数N以及单次开机时间T startup,得出数控机床非运转时间T unavailable
    步骤3,通过给定加工周期内数控机床的总计划加工时间T planed以及非运转时间T planed,计算出数控机床的开机率η availablity
    步骤4,通过前述得到的给定加工周期内数控机床的总计划加工时间T planed,结合单件零件理想加工时间T ideal_CT与单件零件理想加工能量E ideal,计算得到数控机床无停机时的总计划加工有效能量E planed
    步骤5,通过前述得到的给定加工周期内数控机床的非运转时间T unavailable,结合单件零件理想加工时间T ideal_CT与单件零件理想加工能量E ideal,计算得到数控机床存在停机时的停机损失有效能量E downtime
    步骤6,通过前述得到的给定加工周期内数控机床的总计划加工有效能量E planed与停机损失有效能量E downtime,计算得到数控机床运转时间内目标加工有效能量E available
    步骤7,通过给定加工周期内数控机床的额外开机次数N和数控机床单次开机所需能量E startup,计算得到额外开机能量E startup_ex
    步骤8,通过给定加工周期内数控机床的运转时间内目标加工有效能量E available、停机损失有效能量E downtime和额外开机能量E startup_ex,计算得到数控机床的时间-能量效率η availablity_e
    步骤9,根据前述得到的数控机床时间-能量效率模型以及开机率模型,构建数控机床时间-能量效率与数控机床开机率、额外开机次数之间的关系模型;
    步骤10,将计算得到的给定加工周期内数控机床时间-能量效率η availablity_e与预先设定的数控机床时间-能量效率报警下限值
    Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-100001
    进行比较;
    步骤11,操作人员根据步骤10的报警提示,针对数控机床的停机因素变化情况采取相应措施进行控制,使数控机床时间-能量效率处于在目标范围内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法,其特征在于,在步骤1中,通过在数控机床总电源空气开关处安装一个功率传感器,实时采集数控机床总电源的功率并进行A/D转换,将所得的输入功率数字信号传输至信息处理终端并进行滤波处理,通过输入功率信息在线识别出数控机床的运行状态,统计数控机床的停机时间和额外开机次数;设定加工周期开始时数控机床处于开机状态,则数控机床加工周期内的总计划加工时间,记为T planed,加工周期内数控机床的停机时间,记为T downtime,加工周期内数控机床的额外开机次数,记为N;
    在步骤2数控机床非运转时间T unavailable计算模型如下:
    T unavailable=T downtime+N×T startup
    其中:T unavailable表示数控机床非运转时间,T downtime表示停机时间,N表示额 外开机次数,T startup表示数控机床单次开机时间;
    所述数控机床单次开机时间T startup,通过多次测量并记录数控机床的单次开机所需要的时间,采用平均值法计算得到数控机床单次开机时间T startup
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法,其特征在于,在步骤3中,数控机床的开机率η availablity计算模型如下:
    Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-100002
    其中:η availablity表示数控机床开机率,T planed表示总计划加工时间,T planed表示加工周期内数控机床非运转时间;
    在步骤4中,数控机床无停机时的总计划加工有效能量E planed计算模型如下:
    Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-100003
    其中:E planed表示总计划加工有效能量,T planed表示总计划加工时间,T ideal_CT表示单件零件理想加工时间,E ideal表示单件零件理想加工能量;
    所述单件零件理想加工时间T ideal_CT和单件零件理想加工能量E ideal,通过在数控机床空气开关处安装的功率传感器,多次测量得出数控机床在理想加工参数条件下加工单件零件所需要的时间和能量,采用平均值法得到单件零件理想加工时间T ideal_CT和单件零件理想加工能量E ideal
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法,其特征在于,在步骤5中,数控机床存在停机时的停机损失有效能量E downtime计算模型如下:
    Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-100004
    其中:E downtime表示停机损失有效能量,T unavailable表示数控机床非运转时间,T ideal_CT表示单件零件理想加工时间,E ideal表示单件零件理想加工能量。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法,其特征在于,在步骤6中,数控机床运转时间内目标加工有效能量E available计算模型如下:
    E available=E planed-E downtime
    其中:E available表示运转时间内目标加工有效能量,E planed表示总计划加工有效能量,E downtime表示停机损失有效能量。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法,其特征在于,在步骤7,额外开机能量计算模型如下:
    E startup_ex=N×E startup
    其中,E startup_ex表示数控机床的额外开机能量,N表示额外开机次数,E startup表示数控机床单次开机所需能量;
    在步骤8中,数控机床的时间-能量效率η availablity_e计算模型如下:
    Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-100005
    其中:η availablity_e表示数控机床时间-能量效率,E available表示运转时间内目标加工有效能量,E downtime表示停机损失有效能量,E startup_ex表示数控机床的额外开机能量;
    在步骤9中,数控机床时间-能量效率关系模型表达式如下:
    Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-100006
    其中:η availablity_e表示数控机床时间-能量效率,η availablity表示数控机床的开机率,T planed表示数控机床总计划加工时间,E ideal表示单件零件理想加工能量,N表示数控机床额外开机次数,E startup表示数控机床单次开机所需能量,T ideal-CT表示单件零件的理想加工时间;
    在步骤10中,若满足关系式
    Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-100007
    则表明数控机床时间- 能量效率正常;若满足关系式
    Figure PCTCN2022124240-appb-100008
    则发出报警提示数控机床时间-能量效率异常,同时将该周期数控机床时间-能量效率以及数控机床开机率、停机时间、额外开机次数等信息显示在显示屏上。
  8. 一种实施权利要求1~7任意一项所述数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制装置,其特征在于,所述数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制装置包括:数控机床(1)、功率传感器(2)、计算机(3)和显示屏(4);
    所述功率传感器(2)用于测量数控机床(1)功率并得出数控机床的能量数据;
    计算机(3)用于处理功率信号,存储采集得到的数控机床总计划加工时间、停机时间、额外开机次数以及单次开机所需能量数据信息;
    显示屏(4)与计算机(3)相连,用于显示数控机床时间-能量效率、开机率、总计划加工时间、停机时间、额外开机次数、及单次开机所需能量信息。
  9. 一种实施权利要求1~7任意一项所述数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法的数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制系统,其特征在于;所述数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制系统包括:
    数控机床非运转时间获取模块(5),用于获取通过功率传感器实时采集数控机床总电源的输出功率,通过处理功率曲线状态变化的规律得出数控机床的总计划加工时间和停机时间,进而得出加工周期内数控机床非运转时间;
    运转时间内目标加工有效能量获取模块(6),用于通过数控机床的总计划加工时间和数控机床非运转时间计算出数控机床的开机率;再通过总计划加工时间、数控机床非运转时间和单件零件理想加工时间,结合单件零件理想加工时间和单件零件理想加工能量分别计算出无停机时的总计划加工有效能量和存在停机时的停机损失有效能量,进而得出运转时间内目标加工有效能量;
    关系模型获取模块(7),用于由运转时间内目标加工有效能量、停机损失有效能量和额外开机能量计算得到数控机床的时间-能量效率;基于建立的数控 机床开机率和时间-能量效率,构建数控机床时间-能量效率与数控机床开机率、额外开机次数的关系模型;并通过所述数控机床时间-能量效率与数控机床开机率、额外开机次数的关系模型对数控机床时间-能量效率实时监测,并进行超限报警。
  10. 一种计算机设备,其特征在于,所述计算机设备包括存储器和处理器,所述存储器存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被所述处理器执行时,使得所述处理器执行权利要求1~7任意一项所述数控机床时间-能量效率评估与控制方法。
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