WO2024021451A1

WO2024021451A1 - Top structure of carbonization chamber of coke oven

Info

Publication number: WO2024021451A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/139822
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张天宇; 肖长志; 韩龙; 杨俊峰
Original assignee: 中冶焦耐 (大连)工程技术有限公司
Priority date: 2022-07-29
Filing date: 2022-12-18
Publication date: 2024-02-01
Also published as: CN115353893A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a top structure of a carbonization chamber of a coke oven, the top structure comprising a top oven wall, a crossover brick and an oven top area, which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. An ascending pipe hole is provided on a machine side or a coke side of the coke oven; and the height of an oven top space gradually increases from a side of the coke oven on which the ascending pipe hole is located to the other side of the coke oven, and an oven wall raising layer is filled between a roof-spanning brick and the top oven wall. The present invention can rapidly direct a large amount of smoke dust generated by coal charging into an ascending pipe, reduce the consumption of high-pressure ammonia water, effectively control the smoke dust overflow from the carbonization chamber of the coke oven. Moreover, the present invention can rapidly direct out a large amount of raw coke oven gas generated in an initial coking stage, reduce the residence time of the raw coke oven gas in the oven top space, prevent secondary cracking of the raw coke oven gas, such that a pressure fluctuation range of a gas-collecting pipe in the whole coking period is smaller, and stable production in the coke oven is facilitated.

Description

A kind of top structure of coke oven carbonization chamber

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of coke ovens, and in particular to a top structure of a coke oven carbonization chamber.

Background technique

Today's large coke ovens are mainly composed of a regenerator, a chute, a combustion chamber, a carbonization chamber and a furnace top area. The furnace top area refers to the part above the top brick of the carbonization chamber, and the top-mounted coke oven corresponds to the furnace above each carbonization chamber. The top area is provided with multiple coal loading holes and a rising pipe hole. The tamping coke oven is provided with multiple smoke guide holes, multiple carbon removal holes and a rising tube hole corresponding to the furnace top area above each carbonization chamber. The area between the coke oven coal loading line and the cross-roof bricks is called the furnace top space. During the coal loading and coking process, the waste gas and smoke generated in the carbonization chamber pass through the furnace top space, pass through the riser pipe, and then enter the gas collecting pipe for collection. At present, the smoke and dust generated in the carbonization chamber during the coal loading process mainly rely on the suction of -400Pa to -500Pa formed by high-pressure ammonia water injection in the gas collecting pipe.

The amount of waste gas generated during the coking process varies. A large amount of smoke and dust is exported during the coal loading and coke pushing processes. Especially after the coke oven is enlarged, the length, width and height dimensions of the carbonization chamber have all increased significantly. The amount of gas generated and the amount of smoke exported when loading coal have also increased significantly. Relying on increasing the negative pressure formed by high-pressure ammonia injection to introduce raw coal gas and smoke dust into the gas collecting pipe, not only the demand for ammonia is greatly increased, but also it is difficult to achieve the expected effect; therefore, there is an urgent need to explore a way to improve the coke oven structure. This method can promote the smooth export of waste gas and smoke and reduce the resistance in the furnace top space.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a top structure of a coke oven carbonization chamber. By improving the structural form of the furnace top space, a large amount of smoke and dust generated by coal loading can be quickly introduced into the riser, reducing the amount of high-pressure ammonia water and effectively controlling the smoke and dust in the coke oven carbonization chamber. spillage; at the same time, it can quickly export a large amount of waste gas generated in the early stage of coking, reduce the residence time of waste gas in the furnace top space, prevent secondary cracking of waste gas, and make the pressure fluctuation range of the gas collecting pipe smaller during the entire coking period, which is beneficial to Stable production of coke ovens.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A top structure of a coke oven carbonization chamber, including a top furnace wall, a cross-top brick and a furnace top area arranged in sequence from bottom to top; the top of the carbonization chamber is the top furnace wall, and the lower surface of the top furnace wall is a coal line. The area between the roof brick and the roof brick is the furnace top space; the coke oven side is provided with a riser tube hole; the height of the furnace top space gradually increases from one side of the coke oven where the riser tube hole is located to the other side of the coke oven. To increase the size, fill the space between the top bricks and the top furnace wall with a high layer of furnace wall pad.

The coke oven is a tamped coke oven. The roof area above the carbonization chamber corresponding to the tamped coke oven is provided with rising tube holes, a number of smoke guide holes and a number of carbon removal holes in sequence along the coke side-machine side direction. The smoke guide holes are connected with The carbon removal holes are set at intervals; the height of the roof space of the tamping coke oven changes in steps from the coke side to the machine side, and gradually decreases, that is, the span between the riser hole and the first smoke guide hole closest to the riser hole. The top brick is higher than the span top brick between the first smoke guide hole and the adjacent first carbon removal hole, and so on.

The coke oven is a top-loading coke oven. The top-loading coke oven corresponds to the furnace roof area above the carbonization chamber and is provided with rising tube holes and a number of coal loading holes in sequence along the machine side-coke side direction. The coal loading holes are arranged at intervals; the top-loading coke oven is arranged at intervals. The height of the furnace top space changes in steps from the machine side to the coke side, and gradually decreases, that is, the cross-top brick between the riser tube hole and the first coal loading hole closest to the riser tube hole is higher than the first coal loading hole and the span roof brick between the adjacent second coal loading hole, and so on.

The upper layer of the furnace wall pad is made of refractory bricks or cast with refractory castables.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1) The height of the top wall of the carbonization chamber changes in steps, so that the top space of the coke oven gradually increases from the side away from the riser hole to the side close to the riser hole; in the early stage of coal loading, it can guide a large amount of energy in the carbonization chamber. The smoke flows to one side of the riser tube hole. Due to the height difference between the furnace roof spaces on both sides of the machine coke, the thermal buoyancy gradually accumulates, which accelerates the flow rate of the smoke, that is, the smoke export speed. This can effectively reduce the high pressure while achieving the same smoke guiding effect. The dosage of ammonia water is also helpful to prevent the smoke from overflowing from the coal loading hole or the furnace door due to excessive pressure in the carbonization chamber.

2) In the early stage of coking, the waste gas gathers in the furnace top space and flows to the side of the riser tube hole. Since the height of the furnace roof space here is the largest and the waste gas flow space gradually increases, the flow resistance gradually decreases, which is beneficial to the waste gas. The coal gas is accelerated and exported through the rising pipe, thereby enhancing the coke coking heat transfer effect and reducing the secondary cracking of raw coal gas.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the top structure of the carbonization chamber of the tamped coke oven according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the top structure of the carbonization chamber of the top-mounted coke oven according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

In the picture: 1. Rising pipe hole 21. The first smoke guide hole 22. The second smoke guide hole 31. The first carbon removal hole 32. The second carbon removal hole 41. The first layer of furnace wall pad 42. The second layer Furnace wall pad high level 43. Third floor furnace wall pad high level 44. Fourth floor furnace wall pad high level 5. Coal line 6. Cross-top brick 71. First coal loading hole 72. Second coal loading hole 73. Third loading Coal hole 74. The fourth coal loading hole 8. Top furnace wall

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

The top structure of the coke oven carbonization chamber of the present invention includes a top furnace wall 8, a cross-top brick 6 and a furnace top area arranged in sequence from bottom to top; the top of the carbonization chamber is the top furnace wall 8, and the top furnace wall 8 The lower surface is the coal line 5, and the area between the coal line 5 and the roof brick 6 is the furnace top space; the machine side or the coke side of the coke oven is provided with a rising tube hole 1; the height of the furnace top space is from the rising tube hole The side of the coke oven where 1 is located gradually increases toward the other side of the coke oven, and the space between the top brick 6 and the top furnace wall 8 is filled with high-level furnace wall pads.

As shown in Figure 1, the coke oven is a tamped coke oven. The roof area above the corresponding carbonization chamber of the tamped coke oven is provided with a rising tube hole 1, a number of smoke guide holes and a number of removal pipes along the coke side-machine side direction. The carbon holes, smoke guide holes and carbon removal holes are set at intervals; the height of the roof space of the tamping coke oven changes in steps from the coking side to the machine side, and gradually decreases, that is, the riser hole 1 and the height closest to the riser hole 1 The span roof bricks 6 between the first smoke guide holes 21 are higher than the span roof bricks 6 between the first smoke guide holes 21 and the adjacent first carbon removal holes 31, and so on.

As shown in Figure 2, the coke oven is a top-loading coke oven. The top-loading coke oven corresponds to the furnace roof area above the carbonization chamber and is provided with a rising tube hole 1 and a number of coal loading holes along the machine side-coke side direction. The holes are arranged at intervals; the height of the top space of the top-loaded coke oven changes in steps from the machine side to the coke side, and gradually decreases, that is, the height between the riser hole 1 and the first coal loading hole 71 closest to the riser hole 1 The roof-crossing bricks 6 are higher than the roof-crossing bricks 6 between the first coal loading hole 71 and the adjacent second coal loading hole 72, and so on.

The Chinese patent application with the publication number CN 113956890A discloses "a coke oven carbonization chamber structure that reduces smoke and dust emissions." The top of the carbonization chamber is equipped with a cross-top brick, and the top space of the carbonization chamber between the cross-top brick and the coal loading line is the furnace. Top space; both sides of the furnace top space extend outward to form a groove structure, so that the width of the furnace top space is greater than the width of the carbonization chamber. The groove structure increases the cross-sectional area and volume of the furnace top space, which can make the flow of waste gas above the coal cakes in the early stage of coal loading smoother, thereby reducing the resistance to the flow of waste gas and the pressure in the carbonization chamber, and reducing waste from the source. The purpose of gas and dust leakage. It can be seen from Figure 4 that the bricks across the roof are on the same level.

The top structure of the coke oven carbonization chamber of the present invention is bounded by the coal line 5, and the part of the carbonization chamber furnace wall higher than the coal line 5 is defined as the top furnace wall 8. Furnace walls with different numbers of layers and different heights are used to cushion the upper floors. It is arranged between the top furnace wall 8 and the span roof brick 6 to form a furnace top space that changes in steps along the machine side-coke side direction.

The high level of the furnace wall pad can be made of refractory bricks, or cast and formed with refractory castables. The number of refractory bricks or the pouring length of refractory castables will increase or decrease accordingly according to the height of the furnace wall pad. According to the location of the riser hole 1 (machine side or coke side), the height of the furnace wall pad on one side of the riser hole 1 is the largest, the height of the furnace wall pad on the other side of the coke oven is the smallest, and the height of the furnace wall pad in the middle is Step changes.

The roof-crossing bricks 6 are made of refractory bricks and are placed across the top furnace walls 8 of two adjacent carbonization chambers. There are no roof-crossing bricks arranged under the riser hole 1, the coal loading hole, the smoke guide hole, and the carbon removal hole. 6. Taking the riser hole 1, the smoke guide hole, the carbon removal hole, and the coal loading hole as boundaries, the cross-top brick 6 corresponding to the entire carbonization chamber is divided into several sections, and each section is set on the furnace wall pad layer of different heights.

The following examples are implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation modes and specific operating processes. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[Example 1]

As shown in Figure 1, in this embodiment, the coke oven is a tamped coke oven, and 2 smoke guide holes, 2 carbon removal holes and 1 rising tube hole 1 are provided above each carbonization chamber along the transverse direction of the coke oven. The rising tube hole 1 is arranged at the burner head on the coke side.

The cross-top bricks 6 between the front line of the machine-side coke oven and the second carbon removal hole 32 are arranged on the top furnace wall 8, and furnace wall pads of different heights are provided between the cross-top bricks 6 and the top furnace wall 8 in the remaining areas. The laying length of each layer of furnace wall pad is different.

In this embodiment, the first furnace wall pad layer 41 starts from the inner surface of the second carbon removal hole 32 close to the machine side, and is laid to the riser tube hole 1 close to the coke side; the second carbon removal hole 32 is connected to the second carbon removal hole 32. The cross-roof bricks 6 between the two flue holes 22 are arranged on the first furnace wall pad high layer 41, and the height difference of the furnace top space is H2>H1;

The second furnace wall pad high layer 42 is integrally arranged on the first furnace wall pad high layer 41, and the laying range is from the inner surface of the second smoke guide hole 22 near the machine side to the side of the riser hole 1 near the coke side; The cross-roof brick between the carbon hole 31 and the second smoke guide hole 22 is arranged on the second furnace wall pad high layer 42, and the height difference of the furnace top space is H3>H2.

The third layer of furnace wall pad high layer 43 is overall arranged on the second layer of furnace wall pad high layer 42, and the laying range is from the first carbon removal hole 31 close to the inner surface of the machine side to the riser hole 1 near the coke side; the first carbon removal hole The cross-roof brick 6 between the hole 31 and the first smoke guide hole 21 is arranged on the third furnace wall pad high level 43, and the height difference of the furnace top space is H4>H3.

The fourth furnace wall pad high level 44 is integrally arranged on the third furnace wall pad high level 43, and the laying range is from the inner surface of the machine side of the first smoke guide hole 21 to the coke side of the riser hole 1; the first smoke guide hole 21 and The roof-spanning bricks 6 between the riser holes 1 are arranged on the fourth furnace wall pad layer 44, and the furnace top space height difference is H5>H4.

The furnace wall in a stepped arrangement has a high-rise layer, which gradually increases the furnace roof space from the machine side to the coke side, which is conducive to the rapid discharge of gas products such as smoke and waste gas from the riser hole 1. The arrows in Figure 1 indicate the direction of air flow, and the number of arrows indicates the air flow (gradually increasing from the machine side to the focal side).

[Example 2]

As shown in Figure 2, in this embodiment, the coke oven is a top-loading coke oven, and four coal loading holes and one rising tube hole 1 are provided above each carbonization chamber. Among them, the rising tube hole 1 is arranged at the burner head position on the machine side, the cross-top brick 6 between the front line of the coke oven on the coke side and the fourth coal loading hole 74 is arranged on the top furnace wall 8, and furnace wall pads are provided in the remaining areas. The high-rise furnace wall pads are arranged in layers on the top furnace wall 8, and the laying lengths of the high-rise furnace wall pads for each layer are different.

The first furnace wall pad high layer 41 starts from the inner surface of the fourth coal loading hole 74 close to the coke side, and is laid to the side of the riser tube hole 1 close to the machine side. The fourth coal loading hole 74 and the third coal loading hole are The cross-roof bricks 6 between 73 are arranged on the first furnace wall pad layer 41; the furnace top space height difference H4>H5;

The second layer of furnace wall pad high layer 42 is arranged overall on the first layer of furnace wall pad high layer 41, and the laying range is from the third coal loading hole 73 close to the inner surface of the coke side to the riser hole 1 close to the machine side; the third coal loading layer The span roof bricks between the hole 73 and the second coal loading hole 72 are arranged on the second furnace wall pad layer 42, and the furnace top space height difference is H3>H4.

The third layer of furnace wall pad high layer 43 is overall arranged on the second layer of furnace wall pad high layer 42, and the laying range is from the second coal loading hole 72 close to the inner surface of the coke side to the riser hole 1 close to the machine side; the second coal loading layer The span roof bricks between the hole 72 and the first coal loading hole 71 are arranged on the third furnace wall pad layer 43, and the furnace top space height difference is H2>H3.

The fourth furnace wall pad high layer 44 is integrally arranged on the third furnace wall pad high layer 43, and the laying range is from the inner surface of the coke side of the first coal loading hole 71 to the machine side of the riser hole 1; the first coal loading hole 71 The cross-roof bricks between the riser hole 1 and the riser hole 1 are arranged on the fourth furnace wall pad layer 44, and the furnace top space height difference is H1>H2.

The furnace wall in a stepped arrangement gradually increases the space on the furnace roof from the coke side to the machine side, which is conducive to the rapid discharge of gas products such as smoke and waste gas from the riser hole 1. The arrow in Figure 2 indicates the direction of the air flow. The quantity indicates the air flow (increasing gradually from the focus side to the machine side).

The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can, within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, implement the technical solutions of the present invention. Equivalent substitutions or changes of the inventive concept thereof shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A top structure of a coke oven carbonization chamber, including a top furnace wall, a cross-top brick and a furnace top area arranged in sequence from bottom to top; the top of the carbonization chamber is the top furnace wall, and the lower surface of the top furnace wall is a coal line. The area between the roof brick and the roof brick is the furnace top space; the coke oven is provided with a riser tube hole on the machine side or the coke side; it is characterized in that the height of the furnace top space is from the side of the coke oven where the riser tube hole is located to the coke oven The other side is gradually enlarged, and the furnace wall pad layer is filled between the span roof brick and the top furnace wall.
A coke oven carbonization chamber top structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the coke oven is a tamped coke oven, and the tamped coke oven corresponds to the top area above the carbonization chamber along the coke side-machine side direction. It is equipped with a rising tube hole, a number of smoke guide holes and a number of carbon removal holes. The smoke guide holes and the carbon removal holes are arranged at intervals; the height of the roof space of the tamping coke oven changes in steps from the coke side to the machine side, and gradually decreases. That is, the roof-crossing bricks between the rising tube hole and the first smoke guide hole closest to the riser tube hole are higher than the roof-crossing bricks between the first smoke guide hole and the adjacent first carbon removal hole, and so on.
A coke oven carbonization chamber top structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the coke oven is a top-loading coke oven, and the top-loading coke oven corresponds to the top area above the carbonization chamber in order along the machine side-coke side direction. There are rising tube holes and a number of coal loading holes, and the coal loading holes are arranged at intervals; the height of the top space of the top-mounted coke oven changes in steps from the machine side to the coke side, and gradually decreases, that is, the rising tube hole and the distance closest to the rising tube The cross-top bricks between the first coal-loading holes are higher than the cross-top bricks between the first coal-loading holes and the adjacent second coal-loading holes, and so on.
The top structure of the coke oven carbonization chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper layer of the furnace wall pad is made of refractory bricks or cast with refractory castables.