WO2023274353A1 - 发声器件 - Google Patents

发声器件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023274353A1
WO2023274353A1 PCT/CN2022/102694 CN2022102694W WO2023274353A1 WO 2023274353 A1 WO2023274353 A1 WO 2023274353A1 CN 2022102694 W CN2022102694 W CN 2022102694W WO 2023274353 A1 WO2023274353 A1 WO 2023274353A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
diaphragm
full
voice coil
sound
coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2022/102694
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵国栋
周晓祎
穆瑞祥
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Goertek Inc
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Goertek Inc
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Publication date
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Priority to US18/563,410 priority Critical patent/US12574685B2/en
Publication of WO2023274353A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023274353A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H04R9/027—Air gaps using a magnetic fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/045—Mounting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/046—Construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2209/00—Details of transducers of the moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type covered by H04R9/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2209/024—Manufacturing aspects of the magnetic circuit of loudspeaker or microphone transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2209/00—Details of transducers of the moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type covered by H04R9/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2209/041—Voice coil arrangements comprising more than one voice coil unit on the same bobbin

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electroacoustic conversion, in particular to a sound-generating device.
  • Sound generating devices are important accessories in electronic products, which are used to convert digital signals into sound waves and then play them.
  • the sound generating device includes a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system with a magnetic gap.
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm, a voice coil inserted into the magnetic gap and driving the diaphragm to vibrate, and a sound generator for keeping the voice coil reciprocating axially in the magnetic gap. device.
  • the distortion of the sounding device needs to be reduced, and at the same time, in order to achieve higher loudness, the sensitivity of the sounding device needs to be increased.
  • the sensitivity of the sounding device cannot be improved while reducing the distortion of the sounding device.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a sounding device and a sounding device having the sounding device, aiming at solving the technical problem in the existing sounding devices that the sensitivity of the sounding device cannot be improved while reducing the distortion of the sounding device.
  • the sounding device provided by the present invention includes:
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a main magnet and an auxiliary magnet that are spaced apart to form a magnetic gap, and the auxiliary magnet includes a main body and a raised portion protruding from the main body toward the main magnet, the main There is a leading magnetic plate on the magnetic steel;
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm and a voice coil wound by a wire.
  • the voice coil is inserted into the magnetic gap and drives the diaphragm to vibrate.
  • the number of layers of wire wound on the end of the voice coil away from the diaphragm is less than the The number of layers of the wire that connects the voice coil to one end of the diaphragm is wound to form an avoidance gap that cooperates with the raised portion, so that when the diaphragm moves to the end of the vibration stroke, the voice coil and the secondary magnetic Steel does not touch.
  • the voice coil includes a multi-layer full-covered coil and a non-full-covered coil arranged outside the multi-layer full-covered coil, the wires of each layer of the full-covered coil, and each layer of the non-full-covered coil
  • the wires are respectively arranged in different planes parallel to the vibration direction of the voice coil, and the number of wire turns of the non-full coils in each layer is smaller than the number of wire turns of the full coils.
  • the number of wire turns of each of the non-full-covered coils decreases sequentially, and the full-covered coil and the non-full-covered coil located on the outermost layer
  • the avoidance gap is formed at an end far away from the diaphragm.
  • the auxiliary magnet includes a main body and a raised portion protruding from the main body toward the main magnet, and the magnetic circuit system further includes an auxiliary guide provided on the main body.
  • the magnetic plate, the protrusion is matched with the avoidance notch.
  • an avoidance step is provided at the connection between one end of the protruding portion close to the diaphragm and the main body, and the avoidance step is matched with the avoidance notch of the voice coil.
  • the raised portion includes a side surface close to the main magnet, and a first blocking surface extending from an end of the side surface close to the diaphragm to a direction away from the main magnet
  • the main body includes The top surface connected to the auxiliary magnetic plate, and the second blocking surface extending from the end of the top surface close to the main magnetic steel to the direction away from the diaphragm, the first blocking surface and the second blocking surface The two retaining surfaces are connected to form the avoidance step.
  • the full-covered coil located on the outermost layer is arranged opposite to the second baffle surface, and the end of the non-full-covered coil away from the diaphragm is arranged opposite to the first baffle surface.
  • the junction of the protruding portion near the end of the diaphragm and the main body is provided in an outer chamfer structure.
  • the end of the non-full-covered coil away from the diaphragm forms a slope that fits in shape with the outer chamfer structure.
  • the sound-generating device further includes a frame with a receiving space, and the vibration system and the magnetic circuit system are accommodated in the receiving space.
  • the number of wire winding layers at the end of the voice coil away from the diaphragm is smaller than the number of wire winding layers at the end of the voice coil connected to the diaphragm, so that the number of turns of the voice coil inserted into the magnetic gap is reduced, and the sound generation is improved.
  • the flatness of the BL curve of the device improves the uniformity of the magnetic field force on the voice coil in the magnetic field, effectively solving the distortion problem of the sound-generating device; at the same time, through the difference in the number of winding layers, the voice coil has an avoidance gap to avoid the secondary magnet, which has the advantages of There is more space to set up the auxiliary magnet, and by increasing the convex part, the magnetic gap can be reduced, the magnetic flux can be increased, and the BL value can be increased, so as to improve the sensitivity of the product; and by setting the avoidance gap, the voice coil and the The secondary magnet touches.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an embodiment of the sound generating device of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A of the sounding device shown in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a voice coil in multiple embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the frequency response curve diagram that adopts the sound-generating device provided by the present invention and comparative example
  • Fig. 5 is the distortion curve diagram that adopts sound-generating device provided by the present invention and comparative example
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another embodiment of the sound emitting device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B of the sounding device shown in Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another embodiment of the sound emitting device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part C of the sound emitting device shown in Fig. 8;
  • connection and “fixation” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, “fixation” can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be an internal communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined.
  • fixation can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral body; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be an internal communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined.
  • the sound-generating device 100 provided by the present invention includes a magnetic circuit system 1 and a vibration system 3, and the magnetic circuit system 1 includes a main magnet 11 and a secondary magnet 13 that form a magnetic gap 12 at intervals;
  • the vibration system 3 includes a diaphragm 31 and a voice coil 33 wound by a wire.
  • the voice coil 33 is inserted into the magnetic gap 12 and drives the diaphragm 31 to vibrate.
  • the wire at one end of the diaphragm 31 is wound in several layers to form an avoidance gap 32 matched with the auxiliary magnet 13, so that when the diaphragm 31 moves to the end of the vibration stroke, the voice coil 33 and the auxiliary magnet 13 do not touch.
  • the external circuit is connected to the voice coil 33.
  • the voice coil 33 When the voice coil 33 is energized, the voice coil 33 moves up and down in the magnetic gap 12 under the action of the magnetic field formed by the magnetic circuit system 1, thereby driving the diaphragm 31 to vibrate and produce sound.
  • the end point of the vibration stroke is the maximum movement position of the voice coil 33 relative to the magnetic circuit system 1, that is, the relative position point between the voice coil 33 and the magnetic circuit system 1 when the diaphragm 31 is pushed outward to the maximum position; and the diaphragm 31 is pulled
  • the relative positions of the voice coil 33 and the magnetic circuit system 1 when inwardly recessed to the maximum position.
  • the vibration stroke is the path of the voice coil 33 moving up and down, that is, the path of movement between two maximum positions.
  • the voice coil 33 is formed by winding a conductive wire round by round. During preparation, the inner layer is wound with wire first, and then the second layer is wound with the outer surface of the inner layer that has already been wound, and so on. From the inside to the outside, those skilled in the art can determine how many layers of wires the voice coil 33 is made of according to actual needs.
  • the number of wire layers near the end of the diaphragm 31 is relatively large, and the number of wire layers at the end far away from the diaphragm 31 is small, so that the voice coil 33 as a whole looks like the end near the diaphragm 31 It is thicker than the end far away from the diaphragm 31, so that the number of turns of the voice coil 33 inserted into the magnetic gap 12 is reduced, so that the flatness of the curve of the sound-generating device 100BL can be improved, and the uniformity of the magnetic field force on the voice coil 33 in the magnetic field can be improved, effectively Solve the distortion problem of the sound emitting device 100 .
  • the main body 131 can be understood as having the same size as the auxiliary magnet 13 in the prior art, and the raised portion 133 is due to the sound
  • the ring 33 is provided with an avoidance notch 32, so that an additional part can be provided, so that compared with the magnetic circuit system of the same size in the prior art, the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit system 1 provided by the present invention is larger.
  • the number of winding layers of the wire at the end of the voice coil 33 away from the diaphragm 31 is smaller than the number of winding layers of the wire at the end of the voice coil 33 connected to the diaphragm 31, so that the number of turns of the voice coil 33 inserted into the magnetic gap 12 is reduced.
  • the magnetic circuit system 1 also includes a main magnetic plate arranged on the main magnetic steel 11 to optimize the magnetic circuit.
  • Fig. 4 is the frequency response curve of the sound emitting device 100 provided by the present invention and the comparative example
  • Fig. 5 is the distortion curve of the sound emitting device 100 provided by the present invention and the comparative example.
  • the curve L1 is the curve corresponding to the sound-generating device 100 provided by the present invention
  • the curve L2 is the curve corresponding to the sound-generating device 100 of Comparative Example 1
  • the curve L3 is the curve corresponding to the sound-generating device 100 of Comparative Example 2.
  • the difference between the three sound-generating devices 100 is that in the sound-generating device 100 of Comparative Example 1, the size of the auxiliary magnetic steel 13 is not increased according to the avoidance gap 32; in the sound-generating device 100 of Comparative Example 2, the voice coil 33 is not provided with an avoidance gap 32.
  • the frequency response of the sound emitting device 100 corresponding to the curve L1 and the curve L3 is basically similar, and is obviously better than the curve L2, especially in the low frequency part; it can be seen from FIG. Distortion is better than curve L2.
  • the voice coil 33 comprises a multi-layer full-covered coil 333 and a non-full-covered coil 331 located on the outside of the multi-layer full-covered coil 333, each layer of full-covered coil 333 wires, and each The wires of the non-full coils 331 are respectively arranged in different planes parallel to the vibration direction of the voice coil 33 .
  • the number of wire turns is the number of coil turns of each layer of non-full-covered coil 331 or full-covered coil 333.
  • FIG. One row corresponds to one layer of coils in the voice coil 33 , and the number of rings arranged in one row is equal to the number of wire turns.
  • the number of wire turns corresponding to the first layer is 12
  • the full coil 333 has 3 layers
  • the non-full coil 331 has 1 layer; in the coil shown in Fig.
  • the full coil 333 has 4 layers, and the non-full
  • the cloth coil 331 is 1 layer; in the coil shown in Figure 3c, the full cloth coil 333 is 3 layers, and the non-full cloth coil 331 is 2 layers; in the coil shown in Figure 3d, the full cloth coil 333 is 5 layers, and the non-full cloth coil
  • the cloth coil 331 is 1 layer; in the coil shown in Figure 3e, the full cloth coil 333 is 4 layers, and the non-full cloth coil 331 is 2 layers; in the coil shown in Figure 3f, the full cloth coil 333 is 3 layers, the non-full cloth coil 333 is 3 layers,
  • the cloth coil 331 has three layers. Those skilled in the art can set different layers of full coils 333 and non-full coils 331 according to actual needs, and by setting different layers of full coils 333 and non-full coils 331, avoidance gaps 32 of different shapes can be obtained. .
  • the number of wire turns of each non-full-covered coil 331 decreases sequentially, and the full-covered coil 333 and the non-full-covered coil 331 located on the outermost layer are far away from the end of the diaphragm 31.
  • the part forms avoidance gap 32.
  • the magnetic circuit system 1 further includes a secondary magnetically conductive plate 15 disposed on the main body 131 .
  • the auxiliary magnetically conductive plate 15 only covers the main body 131 , so that the space between the plane where the auxiliary magnetically conductive plate 15 is located and the protruding portion 133 can be reserved for the movement of the voice coil 33 .
  • an avoidance step 135 is provided at the junction of the protruding portion 133 near the end of the diaphragm 31 and the main body 131 , and the avoidance step 135 fits with the avoidance notch 32 of the voice coil 33 .
  • the avoidance step 135 By setting the avoidance step 135 to cooperate with the avoidance notch 32 , the voice coil 33 can be prevented from touching the raised portion 133 while ensuring the amplitude of the voice coil 33 .
  • the raised portion 133 includes a side surface 1331 close to the main magnetic steel 11, and a first blocking surface 1333 extending from an end of the side surface 1331 close to the diaphragm 31 to a direction away from the main magnetic steel 11.
  • the top surface 1311 connected with 15 and the second stop surface 1313 extending from the end of the top surface 1311 close to the secondary magnet 13 to the direction away from the diaphragm 31 , the first stop surface 1333 and the second stop surface 1313 are connected to form an escape step 135 .
  • the avoidance step 135 is only provided with one step, and in other embodiments, a plurality of steps with different widths and/or heights can also be set as required, only needing to keep the shape of the avoidance step 135 and the avoidance gap 32
  • the shape is adapted so that when the voice coil 33 moves to the maximum amplitude position, the voice coil 33 will not contact the secondary magnet 13, and the size of the secondary magnet 13 is as large as possible.
  • the avoidance step 135 is provided with only one step
  • the corresponding avoidance notch 32 is also provided with only one step structure, that is, the full-covered coil 333 located on the outermost layer is opposite to the second blocking surface 1313
  • the end of the non-full-covered coil 331 away from the diaphragm 31 is opposite to the first blocking surface 1333 .
  • the top surface 1311 and the second blocking surface 1313 also form a stepped structure, and the auxiliary magnetic plate 15 is not arranged on the stepped structure. Ends of the membrane 31 are respectively disposed opposite to the first blocking surface 1333 and the top surface 1311 .
  • the junction of the protruding part 133 near the end of the vibrating membrane 31 and the main part 131 is provided with an outer chamfer structure. That is, in this embodiment, the end of the raised portion 133 close to the diaphragm 31 has a slope structure, thereby forming a direction from the secondary magnet 13 to the diaphragm 31, and the raised portion 133 is close to the surface of the main magnet 11 to the main magnet 11 The distance gradually increases.
  • the end of the non-full-covered coil 331 away from the vibrating membrane 31 may form a slope that fits in shape with the outer chamfer structure. In this way, the avoidance notch 32 and the protruding portion 133 are form matched.
  • the sound-generating device 100 also includes a frame with a storage space, and the vibration system 3 and the magnetic circuit system 1 are stored in the storage space.
  • the sounding device 100 can also be provided with a bottom plate that cooperates with the frame to form a storage space.
  • the main magnet 11 and the secondary magnet 13 are attached to the bottom plate respectively, and the diaphragm 31 is fixed on the frame. Taking the vibration direction of the voice coil 33 as the height direction, the height of the main magnet 11 can be higher than the auxiliary magnet 13, and the height of the main magnetic plate can be lower than the auxiliary magnetic plate 15, so as to make up that the height of the main magnet 11 is higher than the auxiliary magnet.
  • the magnetic steel 13 causes a difference between the stacking height of the main magnetic steel 11 and the main magnetic plate and the stacking height of the secondary magnetic steel 13 and the secondary magnetic conductive plate 15 .

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种发声器件，所述发声器件包括磁路系统和振动系统，磁路系统包括间隔形成磁间隙的主磁钢和副磁钢，所述副磁钢包括主体部和自所述主体部向靠近所述主磁钢方向凸起的凸起部，所述主磁钢上设有主导磁板；振动系统包括振膜和由导线绕制的音圈，所述音圈插入所述磁间隙并驱动所述振膜振动，所述音圈远离所述振膜一端的导线绕制层数小于所述音圈连接所述振膜一端的导线绕制层数，以形成与所述凸起部配合的避让缺口，使得所述振膜运动至振动行程端点时，所述音圈与所述副磁钢不碰触。本发明提供的发声器件失真小同时灵敏度高。

Description

发声器件 技术领域
本发明涉及电声转换技术领域，尤其涉及一种发声器件。
背景技术
发声器件是电子产品中重要的配件，其用于将数字信号转化成声波进而播放。发声器件包括振动系统和具有磁间隙的磁路系统，振动系统包括振膜、插入磁间隙并驱动振膜振动的音圈、以及用于保持音圈在磁间隙中沿轴向做往复运动的发声器件。为了追求更好的音质体验，需要降低发声器件的失真，同时为了达到更高的响度，需要提升发声器件的灵敏度，而现有技术中不能在降低发声器件失真的同时提升发声器件的灵敏度。
因此，有必要提供一种新型的发声器件，以解决上述技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种发声器件及具有该发声器件的发声器件，旨在解决现有发声器件中，不能在降低发声器件失真的同时提升发声器件的灵敏度的技术问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供的发声器件包括：
磁路系统，包括间隔形成磁间隙的主磁钢和副磁钢，所述副磁钢包括主体部和自所述主体部向靠近所述主磁钢方向凸起的凸起部，所述主磁钢上设有主导磁板；
振动系统，包括振膜和由导线绕制的音圈，所述音圈插入所述磁间隙并驱动所述振膜振动，所述音圈远离所述振膜一端的导线绕制层数小于所述音圈连接所述振膜一端的导线绕制层数，以形成与所述凸起部配合的避让缺口，使得所述振膜运动至振动行程端点时，所述音圈与所述副磁钢不碰触。
可选地，所述音圈包括多层满布线圈和设于所述多层满布线圈外侧的非满布线圈，每层所述满布线圈的导线、以及每层所述非满布线圈的导线分别在平行于所述音圈振动方向的不同平面内排布，每层所述非满布线圈的导线 匝数均小于所述满布线圈的导线匝数。
可选地，沿所述主磁钢到所述副磁钢方向，各所述非满布线圈的导线匝数依次减小，位于最外层的所述满布线圈和所述非满布线圈远离所述振膜的端部形成所述避让缺口。
可选地，所述副磁钢包括主体部和自所述主体部向靠近所述主磁钢方向凸起的凸起部，所述磁路系统还包括设于所述主体部上的副导磁板，所述凸起部与所述避让缺口配合。
可选地，所述凸起部靠近所述振膜的一端和所述主体部的连接处设置有避让台阶，所述避让台阶与所述音圈的避让缺口配合。
可选地，所述凸起部包括靠近所述主磁钢的侧面、以及自所述侧面靠近所述振膜的一端向远离所述主磁钢方向延伸第一挡面，所述主体部包括与所述副导磁板连接的顶面、以及自所述顶面靠近所述主磁钢的一端向远离所述振膜方向延伸的第二挡面，所述第一挡面和所述第二挡面连接形成所述避让台阶。
可选地，位于最外层的所述满布线圈与所述第二挡面相对设置，所述非满布线圈远离所述振膜的端部与所述第一挡面相对设置。
可选地，所述凸起部靠近所述振膜的一端和所述主体部的连接处呈外倒角结构设置。
可选地，所述非满布线圈远离所述振膜的端部形成与所述外倒角结构形状配合的斜面。
可选地，所述发声器件还包括具有收容空间的盆架，所述振动系统和所述磁路系统收容于所述收容空间内。
在本发明的技术方案中，通过设置音圈远离振膜一端的导线绕制层数小于音圈连接振膜一端的导线绕制层数，使得插入磁间隙内的音圈匝数降低，提升发声器件BL曲线的平坦度，改善磁场中音圈所受磁场力的均匀程度，有效解决发声器件的失真问题；同时通过绕制层数的不同，使得音圈具有避让副磁钢的避让缺口，具有更多空间设置副磁钢，通过增加凸起部，从而减小磁间隙，提升磁通量，增加BL值，从而提升产品灵敏度；并且通过设置避让缺口，从而避免音圈的振动过程中，音圈与副磁钢发生触碰。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明发声器件一实施例的剖面结构示意图；
图2为图3所示发声器件A部分的放大结构示意图；
图3为本发明多个实施例中音圈的剖面结构示意图；
图4为采用本发明提供的发声器件与对比例的频响曲线图；
图5为采用本发明提供的发声器件与对比例的失真曲线图；
图6为为本发明发声器件另一实施例的剖面结构示意图；
图7为图6所示发声器件B部分的放大结构示意图；
图8为为本发明发声器件又一实施例的剖面结构示意图；
图9为图8所示发声器件C部分的放大结构示意图；
实施例附图标号说明：
标号 名称 标号 名称
100 发声器件 1 磁路系统
11 主磁钢 12 磁间隙
13 副磁钢 131 主体部
1311 顶面 1313 第二挡面
133 凸起部 1331 侧面
1333 第一挡面 135 避让台阶
15 副导磁板 3 振动系统
31 振膜 32 避让缺口
33 音圈 331 非满布线圈
333 满布线圈    
本发明目的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本实施例中的附图，对本实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明，本实施例中所有方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，在本发明中如涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“连接”、“固定”等应做广义理解，例如，“固定”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
另外，本发明各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
如图1、图2和图3所示，本发明提供的发声器件100包括磁路系统1和振动系统3，磁路系统1包括间隔形成磁间隙12的主磁钢11和副磁钢13；振动系统3包括振膜31和由导线绕制的音圈33，音圈33插入磁间隙12并驱动振膜31振动，音圈33远离振膜31一端的导线绕制层数小于音圈33连接 振膜31一端的导线绕制层数，以形成与副磁钢13配合的避让缺口32，使得振膜31运动至振动行程端点时，音圈33与副磁钢13不碰触。
外部电路与音圈33连接，当音圈33通电时，音圈33在磁路系统1形成的磁场作用下，在磁间隙12内上下运动，从而带动振膜31振动发声。振动行程端点为音圈33相对于磁路系统1的最大运动位置，即推动振膜31向外凸出至最大位置时，音圈33和磁路系统1的相对位置点；以及拉动振膜31向内凹陷至最大位置时，音圈33和磁路系统1的相对位置点。振动行程为音圈33上下运动的路径，即在两个最大位置之间的运动路径。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是，音圈33由可导电的导线一圈一圈绕制而成。制备时，先取导线绕制内层，再依附已绕制的内层外表面绕制第二层，依此类推。由内至外，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要确定音圈33具体由几层导线绕制而成。在绕制过程中，可以控制靠近振膜31的一端的导线层数较多，远离振膜31的一端的导线层数较小，从而使得音圈33从整体上看，靠近振膜31的一端比远离振膜31的一端厚，使得插入磁间隙12内的音圈33匝数降低，从而可以实现提升发声器件100BL曲线的平坦度，改善磁场中音圈33所受磁场力的均匀程度，有效解决发声器件100的失真问题。为了说明书本发明中的副磁钢13与现有技术中的副磁钢的不同，可以将主体部131理解为与现有技术中副磁钢13的尺寸相同，而凸起部133为由于音圈33设置有避让缺口32，从而可以额外设置的部分，从而相较于现有技术中同样尺寸的磁路系统，本发明提供的磁路系统1的磁通量更大。
在本发明中，通过设置音圈33远离振膜31一端的导线绕制层数小于音圈33连接振膜31一端的导线绕制层数，使得插入磁间隙12内的音圈33匝数降低，提升发声器件100BL曲线的平坦度，改善磁场中音圈33所受磁场力的均匀程度，有效解决发声器件100的失真问题；同时通过绕制层数的不同，使得音圈33具有避让副磁钢13的避让缺口32，具有更多空间设置副磁钢13，通过增加凸起部133，从而减小磁间隙12，提升磁通量，增加BL值，提升产品灵敏度；并且通过设置避让缺口32，从而避免音圈33的振动过程中，音圈33与副磁钢13发生触碰。磁路系统1还包括设置在主磁钢11上的主导磁板，以优化磁路。
请参阅图4和图5，图4为采用本发明提供的发声器件100与对比例的频 响曲线图，图5为采用本发明提供的发声器件100与对比例的失真曲线图。其中，曲线L1为本发明提供的发声器件100对应的曲线，曲线L2为对比例1的发声器件100对应的曲线，曲线L3为对比例2的发声器件100对应的曲线。三个发声器件100的不同之处在于，在对比例1的发声器件100中，副磁钢13未根据避让缺口32增加尺寸；在对比例2的发声器件100中，音圈33未设置避让缺口32。从图3中可知，曲线L1和曲线L3对应发声器件100的频响基本相似，并明显优于曲线L2，特别是在低频部分；从图4中可知，曲线L1和曲线L3对应发声器件100的失真优于曲线L2。
请再次参阅图1、图2和图3，音圈33包括多层满布线圈333和设于多层满布线圈333外侧的非满布线圈331，每层满布线圈333的导线、以及每层非满布线圈331的导线分别在平行于音圈33振动方向的不同平面内排布，每层非满布线圈331的导线匝数均小于满布线圈333的导线匝数。
导线匝数为每层非满布线圈331或满布线圈333具有的线圈环绕数，例如图3，其中为多个实施例的音圈33截面图，一个圆环代表一个导线的横截面，每一列对应音圈33中的一层线圈，一列中排布的圆环个数等于导线匝数。图3a中，第一层对应的导线匝数为12，满布线圈333为3层，非满布线圈331为1层；图3b示出的线圈中，满布线圈333为4层，非满布线圈331为1层；图3c示出的线圈中，满布线圈333为3层，非满布线圈331为2层；图3d示出的线圈中，满布线圈333为5层，非满布线圈331为1层；图3e示出的线圈中，满布线圈333为4层，非满布线圈331为2层；图3f示出的线圈中，满布线圈333为3层，非满布线圈331为3层。本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要设置不同层数的满布线圈333和非满布线圈331，并通过设置不同层数的满布线圈333和非满布线圈331，从而获得不同形状的避让缺口32。
进一步地，沿主磁钢11到副磁钢13方向，各非满布线圈331的导线匝数依次减小，位于最外层的满布线圈333和非满布线圈331远离振膜31的端部形成避让缺口32。通过将非满布线圈331的导线匝数设置为依次减小，从而可以形成沿振膜31至主磁钢11方向直径依次减缩的外表面，减小音圈33在大振幅时，与副磁钢13发生碰撞的可能。
磁路系统1还包括设于主体部131上的副导磁板15。在本实施例中，副 导磁板15仅覆盖在主体部131上，使得副导磁板15所在平面与凸出部133之间的空间可以预留出来，以供音圈33移动所需。
请参阅图6和图7，凸起部133靠近振膜31的一端和主体部131的连接处设置有避让台阶135，避让台阶135与音圈33的避让缺口32配合。通过设置避让台阶135和避让缺口32配合，从而可以保证音圈33振幅的同时，避免音圈33与凸起部133触碰。
具体地，凸起部133包括靠近主磁钢11的侧面1331、以及自侧面1331靠近振膜31的一端向远离主磁钢11方向延伸第一挡面1333，主体部131包括与副导磁板15连接的顶面1311、以及自顶面1311靠近副磁钢13的一端向远离振膜31方向延伸的第二挡面1313，第一挡面1333和第二挡面1313连接形成避让台阶135。即在本实施例中，避让台阶135仅设置有一个台阶，在其他实施例中，还可以根据需要设置多个不同宽度和/或高度de台阶，仅需保持避让台阶135的外形与避让缺口32的形状适配，使得当音圈33运动至最大振幅位置时，音圈33不会与副磁钢13接触，同时副磁钢13的尺寸尽可能大。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是，当避让台阶135仅设置有一个台阶时，对应的避让缺口32也仅设置有一个台阶结构，即位于最外层的满布线圈333与第二挡面1313相对设置，非满布线圈331远离振膜31的端部与第一挡面1333相对设置。在图7所示实施例中，顶面1311与第二挡面1313还形成可一个台阶结构，副导磁板15未设置在该台阶结构上，音圈33中，非满布线圈331远离振膜31的端部分别与第一挡面1333和顶面1311相对设置。
请参阅图8和图9，在另一实施例中，凸起部133靠近振膜31的一端和主体部131的连接处呈外倒角结构设置。即在本实施例中，凸起部133靠近振膜31的一端具有斜面结构，从而形成至副磁钢13到振膜31方向，凸起部133靠近主磁钢11的表面到主磁钢11的距离逐渐增加。对应地，非满布线圈331远离振膜31的端部可以形成与外倒角结构形状配合的斜面。从而实现避让缺口32与凸起部133形状配合。
进一步地，发声器件100还包括具有收容空间的盆架，振动系统3和磁路系统1收容于收容空间内。发声器件100还可以设置与盆架配合形成收容空间的底板，主磁钢11和副磁钢13分别贴设在该底板上，振膜31固设在该 盆架上。以音圈33的振动方向为高度方向，主磁钢11的高度可以高于副磁钢13，主导磁板的高度可以低于副导磁板15，以弥补主磁钢11的高度高于副磁钢13，造成主磁钢11和主导磁板的叠加高度与副磁钢13和副导磁板15的叠加高度具有差值。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种发声器件，其特征在于，包括：
    磁路系统，包括间隔形成磁间隙的主磁钢和副磁钢，所述副磁钢包括主体部和自所述主体部向靠近所述主磁钢方向凸起的凸起部，所述主磁钢上设有主导磁板；
    振动系统，包括振膜和由导线绕制的音圈，所述音圈插入所述磁间隙并驱动所述振膜振动，所述音圈远离所述振膜一端的导线绕制层数小于所述音圈连接所述振膜一端的导线绕制层数，以形成与所述凸起部配合的避让缺口，使得所述振膜运动至振动行程端点时，所述音圈与所述副磁钢不碰触。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述音圈包括多层满布线圈和设于所述多层满布线圈外侧的非满布线圈，每层所述满布线圈的导线、以及每层所述非满布线圈的导线分别在平行于所述音圈振动方向的不同平面内排布，每层所述非满布线圈的导线匝数均小于所述满布线圈的导线匝数。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的发声器件，其特征在于，沿所述主磁钢到所述副磁钢方向，各所述非满布线圈的导线匝数依次减小，位于最外层的所述满布线圈和所述非满布线圈远离所述振膜的端部形成所述避让缺口。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述磁路系统还包括设于所述主体部上的副导磁板。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述凸起部靠近所述振膜的一端和所述主体部的连接处设置有避让台阶，所述避让台阶与所述音圈的避让缺口配合。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述凸起部包括靠近所述主磁钢的侧面、以及自所述侧面靠近所述振膜的一端向远离所述主磁钢 方向延伸第一挡面，所述主体部包括与所述副导磁板连接的顶面、以及自所述顶面靠近所述主磁钢的一端向远离所述振膜方向延伸的第二挡面，所述第一挡面和所述第二挡面连接形成所述避让台阶。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的发声器件，其特征在于，位于最外层的所述满布线圈与所述第二挡面相对设置，所述非满布线圈远离所述振膜的端部与所述第一挡面相对设置。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述凸起部靠近所述振膜的一端和所述主体部的连接处呈外倒角结构设置。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述非满布线圈远离所述振膜的端部形成与所述外倒角结构形状配合的斜面。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的发声器件，其特征在于，所述发声器件还包括具有收容空间的盆架，所述振动系统和所述磁路系统收容于所述收容空间内。
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