WO2023226178A1 - 一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备 - Google Patents

一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023226178A1
WO2023226178A1 PCT/CN2022/106007 CN2022106007W WO2023226178A1 WO 2023226178 A1 WO2023226178 A1 WO 2023226178A1 CN 2022106007 W CN2022106007 W CN 2022106007W WO 2023226178 A1 WO2023226178 A1 WO 2023226178A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
crushing
cutting knife
recycling
equipment
cutting
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PCT/CN2022/106007
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余海军
谢英豪
李爱霞
李长东
Original Assignee
广东邦普循环科技有限公司
湖南邦普循环科技有限公司
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Application filed by 广东邦普循环科技有限公司, 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司 filed Critical 广东邦普循环科技有限公司
Priority to GB2313059.4A priority Critical patent/GB2622694A/en
Priority to MX2023015374A priority patent/MX2023015374A/es
Priority to DE112022000823.7T priority patent/DE112022000823T5/de
Priority to US18/558,301 priority patent/US20240332556A1/en
Priority to HU2300340A priority patent/HUP2300340A1/hu
Publication of WO2023226178A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023226178A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/52Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste cells or batteries, e.g. recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of recycling and processing of used batteries, and is specifically an orderly and differentiated recycling and processing equipment for used batteries.
  • the disadvantage is that directly putting the entire used battery into the crushing and grinding equipment for processing will cause the ground slag to be mixed with waste materials of many materials, which will increase the difficulty of later recycling and processing.
  • the rough and disordered crushing will also increase the time required for crushing.
  • the amount of processing results in low recycling efficiency.
  • the applicant provides an efficient waste battery recycling equipment that can orderly distinguish the outer casing and the internal electrode sheets for targeted grinding and crushing.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an orderly and differentiated recycling and processing equipment for used batteries to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.
  • an orderly and differentiated recycling and processing equipment for used batteries including an equipment shell.
  • Several crushing chambers are arranged inside the equipment shell along its length direction.
  • the interior of the crushing chamber is equipped with crushing modules.
  • the equipment shells on both sides of the crushing chamber are equipped with servo chambers.
  • the crushing module includes several crushing rollers installed horizontally inside the crushing cavity using bearings.
  • Crushing shovel plates are spirally arranged on the outside of the crushing rollers in the same direction.
  • a motor for driving the crushing roller to rotate is installed inside the equipment casing, and the rotation directions of the two adjacent crushing rollers inside the crushing cavity are opposite.
  • the cutting module includes a mounting plate installed inside the servo cavity.
  • An industrial six-axis mechanical arm is installed inside the servo cavity for driving the mounting plate to lift and translate.
  • the first and second cutting knives are evenly spaced on the side of the outer wall of the mounting seat close to the crushing chamber.
  • the first and second cutting knives are arranged in a spiral shape parallel to the crushing roller, and the two adjacent ones are Cutting knives 1 and 2 are arranged in a staggered manner.
  • the mounting base is equipped with a motor 2 for driving the cutting knives 1 and 2 to rotate.
  • the side wall of the crushing chamber is provided with a motor for cutting knives 1 and 2.
  • the spiral angle of cutting knife one and cutting knife two is consistent with the spiral angle of the crushing shovel plate, and the spiral directions of cutting knife one and two are opposite.
  • the crushing cavity above the crushing module is equipped with extrusion plates that can be raised and lowered, and extrusion rods are evenly spaced at the bottom of the extrusion plates along the direction of gap extension.
  • the crushing module further includes a rubber airbag arranged in a spiral shape along the edge side wall of the crushing blade.
  • the rubber airbag is used to prevent slipping and adjust the gap between two adjacent crushing blades.
  • the cutting module also includes several reinforcing rods arranged parallel to the cutting knife one and the cutting knife two, the reinforcing rods are arranged in alignment with the cutting knife one and the cutting knife two, and the reinforcing rods are provided with A sliding seat used to increase the stability of cutting knife 1 and cutting knife 2.
  • the screening assembly includes a sieve plate arranged along the length direction of the equipment casing, one end of the sieve plate extends to the internal end surface of the equipment casing, and the other end of the sieve plate extends to the outside of the equipment casing, And the side wall of the equipment housing is provided with a broken shell outlet that matches the sieve plate.
  • a conveyor belt is provided inside the equipment housing below the sieve plate. One end of the conveyor belt extends to the same vertical plane as the broken shell outlet. The other end of the conveyor belt extends to the outside of the equipment housing, and a powder slag outlet matching the conveyor belt is provided on the side wall of the equipment housing.
  • the sieve plate is hingedly arranged inside the equipment casing.
  • One end inside the equipment casing is provided with a hinge seat for fixing the sieve plate.
  • Both sides of the other end inside the equipment casing are provided with hinge seats for driving the screen.
  • a cylinder is used to flip the plate, and there are buffer springs between the screen plate, the cylinder and the hinge seat.
  • a protective frame is provided at the edge of the top of the sieve plate.
  • One end of the protective frame close to the shell-crushing outlet is open, and a vibration motor is installed on the protective frame.
  • several electric telescopic rods for driving the extrusion plate up and down are installed vertically downward on the top of the equipment housing, and the output ends of the electric telescopic rods are connected to the extrusion plate.
  • a feed port is provided on one side of the top of the equipment housing above the crushing chamber
  • a feed hopper is provided on the top of the equipment housing on one side of the feed port
  • the bottom of the feed hopper is connected to a Conduit inside the feed port.
  • the output end of the first motor is connected to a drive shaft, and a gear set for transmission is provided between the drive shaft and the crushing roller, and the output ends of the two adjacent gear sets rotate in opposite directions.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: when used dry batteries are crushed and recycled, the present invention can achieve the purpose of orderly crushing and recycling according to the columnar shape of used dry batteries that are difficult to sort out and the internal and external multi-layer characteristics.
  • the cutting knife 1 and the cutting knife 2 with opposite spiral directions are used alternately to cut the dry battery casing orderly and stably into diamond-shaped fragments.
  • the crushing module is used to cut the broken casing of the dry battery and the complete paste or powdery electrolyte.
  • Peeling is carried out to finally reveal the complete positive electrode rod, so that the dry battery can be separated into crumb-like casing, powdery loose electrolyte and complete positive electrode rod, etc., which greatly facilitates the subsequent classification, recycling and use of dry batteries.
  • the equipment It has a high degree of automation and is easy to use in efficient and safe production.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic top view of the internal structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic enlarged top view of the structure of the cutting module of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a partial top-down enlarged structural schematic diagram of the crushing module of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the cutting state of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial side structural schematic diagram of the crushing module of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic side view of the internal structure of the screening assembly of the present invention.
  • An embodiment provided by the present invention an orderly and differentiated recycling and processing equipment for used batteries, including an equipment housing 8.
  • a plurality of equipment housings 8 are arranged inside the equipment housing 8 along its length direction.
  • crushing chambers 3. Specifically, the number of crushing chambers 3 is adjusted according to the required output and the available area of the factory building. The greater the number of crushing chambers 3, the longer the length direction of the equipment shell 8 and the higher the processing efficiency.
  • Each of the crushing chambers 3 is equipped with a crushing module 9 inside, and the equipment shells 8 on both sides of the crushing chamber 3 are equipped with servo chambers 2. The interiors of the servo chambers 2 are facing the crushing chamber. 3.
  • Several cutting modules 4 are arranged symmetrically. The number of cutting modules 4 on the same side is consistent with the number of crushing chambers 3.
  • a feed port 12 is provided on one side of the top of the equipment housing 8 above the crushing cavity 3
  • a feed hopper 13 is provided on the top of the equipment housing 8 on one side of the feed port 12, and the feed hopper The bottom of 13 is connected with a conduit 10 extending to the inside of the feed port 12, so that an appropriate amount of dry batteries to be recycled can be put into each crushing cavity 3 through the feed hopper 13 for crushing and recycling.
  • the crushing module 9 includes several crushing rollers 23 installed horizontally inside the crushing cavity 3 using bearings. Crushing blades 18 are spirally arranged on the outside of the crushing rollers 23 in the same direction. There is a gap between the two crushing shovel plates 18.
  • the actual combined shape of the crushing roller 23 and the crushing shovel plate 18 is similar to an auger. It is mainly used to crush and scrape electrolyte after combing, placing and cutting dry batteries.
  • the length of the further unit crushing roller 23 The greater the number of spiral turns of the inner crushing shovel plate 18, the better the crushing effect.
  • the gap size should be controlled to be greater than or equal to the diameter of the positive electrode inside the dry battery, so as to facilitate its complete fall.
  • a motor 20 is installed for driving the crushing roller 23 to rotate.
  • the motor 20 is used to drive the crushing roller 23 to rotate.
  • the output end of the motor 20 is connected to a drive shaft 21.
  • a gear set 22 for transmission is provided between the drive shaft 21 and the crushing roller 23. It is understandable to those skilled in the art to use gears between the drive shaft 21 and the crushing roller 23 to achieve transmission, and will not be described in detail here.
  • a more preferred rotation situation the rotation directions of the output ends of two adjacent gear sets 22 can be set in opposite directions, that is, among the two adjacent gear sets 22, the number of gears in one gear set 22 is greater than that of the other gear set 22. The number of gears can change the driving force rotation direction, so that the two adjacent crushing rollers 23 inside the crushing chamber 3 rotate in opposite directions.
  • the purpose is that after the dry batteries enter the crushing chamber 3, they will accumulate between the two adjacent crushing rollers 23. At this time, the crushing roller 23 drives the crushing shovel plate 18 to continue to rotate. After a period of time, the crushing shovel plate 18 arranged in reverse rotation rotates.
  • the reverse rotation arrangement causes the upward sliding of the dry cell and the lateral friction of the spiral to cause it to move from left to right.
  • Translational transportation, while the stacked dry batteries will extend to both sides, so that the dry batteries can be filled as horizontally as possible into the gap between each adjacent crushing shovel plate 18 and arranged end to end as much as possible, which can play the role of sorting out the dry batteries. , and at the same time can speed up peeling and use after cutting.
  • the two adjacent crushing rollers 23 are not limited to rotating in opposite directions.
  • the two adjacent crushing rollers 23 can also be adjusted to controllably rotate in the same direction or opposite directions.
  • another motor 20 is installed, so that one of the motors 20 drives the crushing rollers 23 at positions 1, 3, 5, 7... to rotate, and the other motor 20 drives 2, 4, 6
  • the crushing roller 23 at the , 8... position just needs to rotate, so that the crushing roller 23 can rotate in more abundant forms during the crushing process and the crushing effect is better.
  • the crushing module 9 also includes a rubber airbag 19 arranged in a spiral shape along the edge side wall of the crushing shovel plate 18.
  • the rubber airbag 19 is controlled by an air pump and a pressure relief valve for gas injection, expansion and pressure relief use, so that the rubber air bag 19 is used to prevent slipping and adjust the gap between the two adjacent crushing shovel plates 18.
  • the cutting module 4 includes a mounting plate 7 installed inside the servo cavity 2.
  • An industrial six-axis mechanical arm is installed inside the servo cavity 2 for driving the mounting plate 7 to lift and translate.
  • the mounting plate 7 corresponds to the crushing machine.
  • Several mounting seats 6 are arranged in the chamber 3.
  • a cutting knife 15 and a cutting knife 2 16 are evenly spaced on the side of the outer wall of the mounting seat 6 close to the crushing chamber 3.
  • the cutting knife 15 and the cutting knife 2 16 are evenly spaced. They are all arranged in a spiral shape parallel to the crushing roller 23.
  • the two adjacent cutting knives 15 and 16 are staggered.
  • the mounting base 6 is equipped with a device for driving the cutting knives 15 and 16 to rotate.
  • Motor two 17 similarly, the output end of motor two 17 is connected to the cutting knife one 15 and the cutting knife two 16 through transmission parts (gears).
  • the side wall of the crushing chamber 3 is provided with a cutting knife one 15
  • the openings for the movable use of the cutting knife 15 and the cutting knife 2 16 are the same as the spiral angles of the crushing blade 18 , and the spiral directions of the cutting knife 15 and the cutting knife 2 16 are opposite.
  • the cutting knife 15 and the cutting knife 2 16 rotate and keep the axis aligned with the dry battery and enter the interior of the crushing chamber 3.
  • the inner width of the cutting knife 15 and the cutting knife 2 16 is greater than the diameter of the dry battery.
  • Collision and pushing of neat dry batteries will only push and push the stacked dry batteries so that they can be placed further flat.
  • some dry batteries are stacked up and down, so that when the cutting knife 15 and the cutting knife 2 16 are cutting, the dry batteries above will be pushed. Push and push to make it better combed, spread and arranged neatly.
  • the cutting knife one 15 and the cutting knife two 16 on both sides are fully extended to the inside of the crushing cavity 3, the cutting knife one 15 and the cutting knife two 16 are at this time.
  • the wound state is wrapped around the outside of the dry cell battery.
  • the cutting knife one 15 and the cutting knife two 16 press down together to squeeze the dry battery, and then rotate and move out of the crushing chamber 3, using the spiral cutting knife one 15 and the cutting knife two 16 to pair the outer zinc skin of the dry battery or stainless steel skin for cutting without affecting the state of the internal electrolyte and positive electrode material until it completely exits the crushing chamber 3,
  • the cutting knife 15 and the cutting knife 2 16 are translated as a whole by the length of one spacing unit, and are adjusted to the same position as the first cutting, so that the cutting knife 15 and the cutting knife 2 16 produce staggered cutting patterns. They are also extended and combined. Cutting will not affect the state of the internal electrolyte and cathode material at this time, but the material wrapped on the surface has been cut into pieces at this time. The cutting knife 15 and the cutting knife 2 16 can be crushed and scraped after retracting and resetting.
  • the cutting module also includes several reinforcing rods 14 arranged parallel to the cutting knife one 15 and the cutting knife two 16.
  • the reinforcing rods 14 are connected with the cutting knife one. 15 and the cutting knife two 16 are arranged in alignment, and the reinforcing rod 14 is provided with a sliding seat for increasing the stability of the cutting knife one 15 and the cutting knife two 16.
  • the sliding seat is provided with the cutting knife one 15 and the cutting knife two 16 Adapted slide rails increase operational stability, in which the inner sides of cutting knife one 15 and cutting knife two 16 are equipped with cutting edges or other components with cutting effects, such as water jet cutting.
  • the crushing chamber 3 above the crushing module 9 is equipped with an extrusion plate 25 that can be lifted and lowered.
  • a number of electric telescopic rods are installed vertically downward on the top of the equipment housing 8 to drive the extrusion plate 25 up and down. 11.
  • the output end of the electric telescopic rod 11 is connected to the extrusion plate 25, and the extrusion rods 24 are evenly spaced at the bottom of the extrusion plate 25 along the direction of the gap extension.
  • the extrusion plate 25 is pressed down.
  • the crushing roller 23 rotates again, the spiral scraping of the crushing blade 18 will occur, and the cut sheets and electrolyte will be scraped off.
  • the screening assembly includes a screen plate 5 arranged along the length direction of the equipment housing 8. One end of the screen plate 5 extends to the internal end position of the equipment housing 8, and the other end of the screen plate 5 extends to the equipment housing. 8 outside, and the side wall of the equipment housing 8 is provided with a broken shell outlet that matches the sieve plate 5.
  • a conveyor belt 1 is provided inside the equipment housing 8 below the sieve plate 5. One end of the conveyor belt 1 extends to In the same vertical plane as the crushed shell outlet, the other end of the conveyor belt 1 extends to the outside of the equipment housing 8, and a slag outlet matching the conveyor belt 1 is provided on the side wall of the equipment housing 8.
  • the sieve plate 5 The hinge is arranged inside the equipment housing 8.
  • One end of the equipment housing 8 is provided with a hinge seat 29 for fixing the screen plate 5. Both sides of the other end of the equipment housing 8 are provided with hinge seats 29 for driving the screen plate 5.
  • the cylinder 28 is used for flipping, and there are buffer springs between the sieve plate 5, the cylinder 28 and the hinge seat 29.
  • the sieve plate 5 can be tilted in any direction to the left or right.
  • the electrolyte falls to the conveyor belt 1, and the sheets are tilted to the left by the filter plate 5 for fixed-point collection.
  • the remaining columnar positive electrode rods finally fall, and the positive electrode rods are collected by the filter plate 5. Tilt to the right for fixed-point differentiated collection, which facilitates the automated classification, collection and use of used dry batteries.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备,包括设备壳体,所述设备壳体的内部沿其长度方向布置有若干个破碎腔,所述破碎腔的内部皆设有破碎模组,所述破碎腔两侧的设备壳体内部皆设有伺服腔,所述伺服腔的内部皆正对破碎腔对称布置有若干个切割模组,且破碎模组下方的设备壳体内部设有筛分组件。本发明在废旧干电池破碎回收使用时能够针对废旧干电池的柱状不易梳理和内外多层特性实现有序的破碎回收使用目的使干电池回收被分离形成碎屑状外壳、粉末松散的电解质和完整的正极棒材等等,从而极大地有利于干电池后续的分类回收使用目的,同时设备自动化程度较高,易于高效安全生产使用。

Description

一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备 技术领域
本发明涉及废旧电池回收处理技术领域,具体为一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备。
背景技术
科学调查表明,一颗普通电池弃入大自然后,可以污染60万升水,相当于一个人一生的用水量,而中国每年要消耗这样的电池70亿只。据了解,中国生产的电池有96%为锌锰电池和碱锰电池,其主要成份为锰、汞、锌等重金属。废电池无论在大气中还是深埋在地下,其重金属成份都会随渗液溢出,造成地下水和土壤的污染,日积月累还会严重危害人类健康。1998年《国家危险废物名录》上定出汞、镉、锌、铅、铬为危险废弃物。
废旧电池在报废后,其内部还具有不少可进行回收利用的物质,例如金属材质的电极片中包含的贵金属,石墨,甚至是防护废电池使用的塑料或者金属材质外壳皆可进行回收利用,在进行废旧电池机械化回收利用过程中,目前现有的设备都需要对废旧电池进行粉碎研磨,粉碎研磨后的渣料进一步进行筛分后按照材质不同进行不同方式的回收提取。
不足之处在于,直接对整块废旧电池投入粉碎研磨设备进行处理造成研磨后的渣料夹杂较多材质的废料混合,加大了后期回收处理的难度,无序地进行粗暴粉碎也增加了粉碎的加工量,造成回收效率较低,为此,本申请人提供一种能够有序区分外部壳体以及内部电极片进行针对性研磨粉碎处理的高效废电池回收设备。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备,以解决 上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备,包括设备壳体,所述设备壳体的内部沿其长度方向布置有若干个破碎腔,所述破碎腔的内部皆设有破碎模组,所述破碎腔两侧的设备壳体内部皆设有伺服腔,所述伺服腔的内部皆正对破碎腔对称布置有若干个切割模组,且破碎模组下方的设备壳体内部设有筛分组件。
所述破碎模组包括利用轴承水平安装于破碎腔内部的若干个破碎辊,所述破碎辊的外侧皆沿同一方向呈螺旋状布置有破碎铲板,相邻的两个破碎铲板之间存在间隙,所述设备壳体内部安装有用于带动破碎辊转动使用的电机一,且破碎腔内部相邻的两个破碎辊转动方向相反。
所述切割模组包括安装于伺服腔内部的安装板,所述伺服腔的内部安装有用于带动安装板升降平移使用的工业六轴机械臂,所述安装板上对应破碎腔布置有若干个安装座,所述安装座外侧壁靠近破碎腔的一侧等间距均匀布置有切割刀一和切割刀二,所述切割刀一与切割刀二皆呈螺旋状平行于破碎辊布置,相邻的两个切割刀一和切割刀二交错布置,所述安装座上安装有用于带动切割刀一和切割刀二旋转使用的电机二,所述破碎腔侧壁上设有用于切割刀一和切割刀二活动使用的开口,切割刀一与切割刀二的螺旋角度同破碎铲板的螺旋角度大小一致,且切割刀一和切割刀二的螺旋方向相反。
所述破碎模组上方的破碎腔内部皆升降布置有挤压板,且挤压板的底部沿间隙延伸方向等间距均匀布置有挤压杆。
优选的,所述破碎模组还包括沿破碎铲板边缘侧壁方向呈螺旋状布置的橡胶气囊,所述橡胶气囊用于防滑及调整相邻的两个破碎铲板间隙使用。
优选的,所述切割模组还包括平行于切割刀一和切割刀二布置的若干个加强杆,所述加强杆与切割刀一和切割刀二一一对齐布置,且加强杆上设有用于增加切割刀一和切割刀二稳定性使用的滑座。
优选的,所述筛分组件包括沿设备壳体长度方向布置的筛板,所述筛板的一端延伸至设备壳体内部端面位置处,所述筛板的另一端延伸至设备壳体外侧,且设备壳体侧壁上设有与筛板相适配的碎壳出口,所述筛板下方的设备壳体内部设有传送带,所述传送带的一端延伸至碎壳出口同一竖直平面内,所述传送带的另一端延伸至设备壳体外侧,且设备壳体侧壁上设有与传送带相适配的粉渣出口。
优选的,所述筛板铰接布置于设备壳体的内部,所述设备壳体内部的一端设有用于固定筛板使用的铰接座,设备壳体内部另一端的两侧皆设有用于带动筛板翻转使用的气缸,且筛板与气缸和铰接座之间皆设有缓冲弹簧。
优选的,所述筛板顶端的边缘位置处设有防护框,所述防护框靠近碎壳出口的一端呈开口状,且防护框上安装有振动电机。
优选的,所述设备壳体的顶部竖直向下安装有若干个用于带动挤压板升降使用的电动伸缩杆,所述电动伸缩杆的输出端与挤压板相连接。
优选的,所述破碎腔上方的设备壳体顶部一侧皆设有进料口,所述进料口一侧的设备壳体顶部设有进料斗,且进料斗的底部连接有延伸至进料口内部的导管。
优选的,所述电机一的输出端连接有驱动轴,所述驱动轴与破碎辊之间设有用于传动使用的齿轮组,且相邻的两个齿轮组输出端转动方向相反。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明在废旧干电池破碎回收使用时能够针对废旧干电池的柱状不易梳理和内外多层特性实现有序的破碎回收使用目的,在干电池回收使用过程中,利用螺旋方向相反的切割刀一和切割刀二交替使用使干电池外壳有序稳定地被切割形成类似菱形的碎片,同时利用破碎模组对干电池破碎的外壳以及完整的糊状或粉状电解质进行剥离,最终显露完整的正极棒材,使干电池回收被分离形成碎屑状外壳、粉末松散的电解质和完整的正极棒材等等,从而极大地有利于干电池后续的分类回收使用目的,同 时设备自动化程度较高,易于高效安全生产使用。
附图说明
图1为本发明的俯视内部结构示意图;
图2为本发明的俯视结构示意图;
图3为本发明的切割模组俯视放大结构示意图;
图4为本发明的破碎模组局部俯视放大结构示意图;
图5为本发明的切割状态示意图;
图6为本发明的破碎模组部位局部侧视结构示意图。
图7为本发明的筛分组件侧视内部结构示意图。
图中:1、传送带;2、伺服腔;3、破碎腔;4、切割模组;5、筛板;6、安装座;7、安装板;8、设备壳体;9、破碎模组;10、导管;11、电动伸缩杆;12、进料口;13、进料斗;14、加强杆;15、切割刀一;16、切割刀二;17、电机二;18、破碎铲板;19、橡胶气囊;20、电机一;21、驱动轴;22、齿轮组;23、破碎辊;24、挤压杆;25、挤压板;26、振动电机;27、防护框;28、气缸;29、铰接座。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1-7,本发明提供的一种实施例:一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备,包括设备壳体8,所述设备壳体8的内部沿其长度方向布置有若干个破碎腔3,具体地,破碎腔3的数量由所需要的产量及所处的厂房可用面积进行调整,数量越多的破碎腔3使设备壳体8长度方向越长且加工效率更高,其中每一个所述破碎腔3的内部皆设有破碎模组9,所述破碎腔3两侧的设备壳体8 内部皆设有伺服腔2,所述伺服腔2的内部皆正对破碎腔3对称布置有若干个切割模组4,同一侧的切割模组4数量与破碎腔3数量一致,且破碎模组9下方的设备壳体8内部设有筛分组件。
进一步地,所述破碎腔3上方的设备壳体8顶部一侧皆设有进料口12,所述进料口12一侧的设备壳体8顶部设有进料斗13,且进料斗13的底部连接有延伸至进料口12内部的导管10,方便将适量的待回收干电池通过进料斗13分别投放至各个破碎腔3内部进行破碎回收使用。
具体地,所述破碎模组9包括利用轴承水平安装于破碎腔3内部的若干个破碎辊23,所述破碎辊23的外侧皆沿同一方向呈螺旋状布置有破碎铲板18,相邻的两个破碎铲板18之间存在间隙,其中破碎辊23与破碎铲板18实际组合形状类似于绞龙,主要在干电池梳理摆放及切割后破碎刮除电解质使用,进一步的单位破碎辊23长度内破碎铲板18的螺旋圈数越大,其破碎效果越好,但间隙大小应控制在大于或等于干电池内部正极棒直径大小一致为宜,方便其完整掉落,所述设备壳体8内部安装有用于带动破碎辊23转动使用的电机一20,利用电机一20带动破碎辊23进行转动,作为其中一种驱动方式可以为:所述电机一20的输出端连接有驱动轴21,所述驱动轴21与破碎辊23之间设有用于传动使用的齿轮组22,利用驱动轴21与破碎辊23之间增加齿轮以实现传动是本领域技术人员能够理解的,在此不一一赘述,较为优选的转动情况:相邻的两个齿轮组22输出端转动方向可相反设置,即为相邻的两个齿轮组22中,其中一个齿轮组22的齿轮数量大于其中另一个齿轮组22的齿轮数量即可实现改变驱动力旋转方向,以使破碎腔3内部相邻的两个破碎辊23转动方向相反,目的在于干电池进入破碎腔3内部后会堆积在相邻的两个破碎辊23之间,此时破碎辊23带动破碎铲板18持续转动,经过一段时间反向旋转布置的破碎铲板18转动,反向旋转布置产生干电池的向上滑动搭配螺旋的侧向摩擦产生其由左向右平移输送,同时堆积的干电池会向两侧延展,从而能够尽量将干电池以水平 的状态填充至相邻的每个破碎铲板18之间的间隙中尽量首尾连接布置,能够起到梳理干电池的作用,同时在切割后能够加快剥离使用。
但实际生产使用过程中,相邻的两个破碎辊23并不仅仅限定于只能是沿相反方向转动的,还可以是调整相邻的两个破碎辊23沿相同方向或相反方向转动可控的形式转动的,例如加装另一个电机一20,使其中一个电机一20带动1、3、5、7……位置处的破碎辊23转动,其中另一个电机一20带动2、4、6、8……位置处的破碎辊23转动即可,使破碎辊23在破碎过程中转动形式更为丰富,破碎效果更好。
由于干电池内部正极棒的直径大小可能存在差异,同时干电池切割破碎过程中容易打滑,故而所述破碎模组9还包括沿破碎铲板18边缘侧壁方向呈螺旋状布置的橡胶气囊19,橡胶气囊19由气泵及泄压阀控制注气膨胀及泄压使用,使橡胶气囊19用于防滑及调整相邻的两个破碎铲板18间隙使用。
所述切割模组4包括安装于伺服腔2内部的安装板7,所述伺服腔2的内部安装有用于带动安装板7升降平移使用的工业六轴机械臂,所述安装板7上对应破碎腔3布置有若干个安装座6,所述安装座6外侧壁靠近破碎腔3的一侧等间距均匀布置有切割刀一15和切割刀二16,所述切割刀一15与切割刀二16皆呈螺旋状平行于破碎辊23布置,相邻的两个切割刀一15和切割刀二16交错布置,所述安装座6上安装有用于带动切割刀一15和切割刀二16旋转使用的电机二17,同样的,电机二17的输出端与切割刀一15和切割刀二16之间通过通过传动零件(齿轮)进行连接,所述破碎腔3侧壁上设有用于切割刀一15和切割刀二16活动使用的开口,切割刀一15与切割刀二16的螺旋角度同破碎铲板18的螺旋角度大小一致,且切割刀一15和切割刀二16的螺旋方向相反。
具体使用时,切割刀一15与切割刀二16转动并保持轴心与干电池对齐状态进入破碎腔3内部,切割刀一15与切割刀二16内侧宽度大于干电池直径,此时不会对摆放整齐的干电池产生碰撞挤推,只会对堆积的干电池进行挤推使 其进一步平整摆放,例如一些干电池上下堆积,从而在切割刀一15与切割刀二16进刀过程中会对上面的干电池进行挤推,使其更好地梳理铺展摆放整齐,当两侧切割刀一15与切割刀二16皆完全延伸至破碎腔3内部后,此时切割刀一15与切割刀二16是以绕设的状态包裹于干电池外侧的。
首次切割时,切割刀一15与切割刀二16整体下压产生对干电池的挤压,然后旋转并移动出破碎腔3,利用螺旋状的切割刀一15与切割刀二16对干电池外侧锌皮或不锈钢皮进行切割,同时不影响内部电解质及正极材料状态,直至完全退出破碎腔3,
二次切割时,切割刀一15与切割刀二16整体平移一个间距单位的长度,调整与首次切割时的位置,使切割刀一15与切割刀二16产生交错切割纹路,同样进行延伸后并切割,此时也不会影响内部电解质及正极材料状态,但表层包裹的材料此时已经被切割分块,切割刀一15与切割刀二16退刀复位后即可进行破碎刮除。
为了增加切割刀一15与切割刀二16的稳定性,所述切割模组还包括平行于切割刀一15和切割刀二16布置的若干个加强杆14,所述加强杆14与切割刀一15和切割刀二16一一对齐布置,且加强杆14上设有用于增加切割刀一15和切割刀二16稳定性使用的滑座,滑座上设有与切割刀一15和切割刀二16适配的滑轨增加运行稳定性,其中切割刀一15与切割刀二16的内侧是具有切割刃或其他具有切割效果的组件,例如水切割。
所述破碎模组9上方的破碎腔3内部皆升降布置有挤压板25,所述设备壳体8的顶部竖直向下安装有若干个用于带动挤压板25升降使用的电动伸缩杆11,所述电动伸缩杆11的输出端与挤压板25相连接,且挤压板25的底部沿间隙延伸方向等间距均匀布置有挤压杆24,使用时,挤压板25下压,破碎辊23再次转动会产生破碎铲板18的螺旋剐蹭,对切割后的片材、电解质皆会被刮除掉落。
所述筛分组件包括沿设备壳体8长度方向布置的筛板5,所述筛板5的一端延伸至设备壳体8内部端面位置处,所述筛板5的另一端延伸至设备壳体8外侧,且设备壳体8侧壁上设有与筛板5相适配的碎壳出口,所述筛板5下方的设备壳体8内部设有传送带1,所述传送带1的一端延伸至碎壳出口同一竖直平面内,所述传送带1的另一端延伸至设备壳体8外侧,且设备壳体8侧壁上设有与传送带1相适配的粉渣出口,所述筛板5铰接布置于设备壳体8的内部,所述设备壳体8内部的一端设有用于固定筛板5使用的铰接座29,设备壳体8内部另一端的两侧皆设有用于带动筛板5翻转使用的气缸28,且筛板5与气缸28和铰接座29之间皆设有缓冲弹簧,所述筛板5顶端的边缘位置处设有防护框27,所述防护框27靠近碎壳出口的一端呈开口状,且防护框27上安装有振动电机26。
筛板5可左右任意方向倾斜,筛分收集时,电解质掉落至传送带1,片材由滤板5向左倾斜进行定点收集,残留柱状正极棒材最后掉落,正极棒材由滤板5向右倾斜进行定点区分收集,从而方便实现废旧干电池的自动化分类收集使用皆可。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备,其特征在于:包括设备壳体(8),所述设备壳体(8)的内部沿其长度方向布置有若干个破碎腔(3),所述破碎腔(3)的内部皆设有破碎模组(9),所述破碎腔(3)两侧的设备壳体(8)内部皆设有伺服腔(2),所述伺服腔(2)的内部皆正对破碎腔(3)对称布置有若干个切割模组(4),且破碎模组(9)下方的设备壳体(8)内部设有筛分组件;
    所述破碎模组(9)包括利用轴承水平安装于破碎腔(3)内部的若干个破碎辊(23),所述破碎辊(23)的外侧皆沿同一方向呈螺旋状布置有破碎铲板(18),相邻的两个破碎铲板(18)之间存在间隙,所述设备壳体(8)内部安装有用于带动破碎辊(23)转动使用的电机一(20),且破碎腔(3)内部相邻的两个破碎辊(23)转动方向相反;
    所述切割模组(4)包括安装于伺服腔(2)内部的安装板(7),所述伺服腔(2)的内部安装有用于带动安装板(7)升降平移使用的工业六轴机械臂,所述安装板(7)上对应破碎腔(3)布置有若干个安装座(6),所述安装座(6)外侧壁靠近破碎腔(3)的一侧等间距均匀布置有切割刀一(15)和切割刀二(16),所述切割刀一(15)与切割刀二(16)皆呈螺旋状平行于破碎辊(23)布置,相邻的两个切割刀一(15)和切割刀二(16)交错布置,所述安装座(6)上安装有用于带动切割刀一(15)和切割刀二(16)旋转使用的电机二(17),所述破碎腔(3)侧壁上设有用于切割刀一(15)和切割刀二(16)活动使用的开口,切割刀一(15)与切割刀二(16)的螺旋角度同破碎铲板(18)的螺旋角度大小一致,且切割刀一(15)和切割刀二(16)的螺旋方向相反;
    所述破碎模组(9)上方的破碎腔(3)内部皆升降布置有挤压板(25),且挤压板(25)的底部沿间隙延伸方向等间距均匀布置有挤压杆(24)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备,其特 征在于:所述破碎模组(9)还包括沿破碎铲板(18)边缘侧壁方向呈螺旋状布置的橡胶气囊(19),所述橡胶气囊(19)用于防滑及调整相邻的两个破碎铲板(18)间隙使用。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备,其特征在于:所述切割模组还包括平行于切割刀一(15)和切割刀二(16)布置的若干个加强杆(14),所述加强杆(14)与切割刀一(15)和切割刀二(16)一一对齐布置,且加强杆(14)上设有用于增加切割刀一(15)和切割刀二(16)稳定性使用的滑座。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备,其特征在于:所述筛分组件包括沿设备壳体(8)长度方向布置的筛板(5),所述筛板(5)的一端延伸至设备壳体(8)内部端面位置处,所述筛板(5)的另一端延伸至设备壳体(8)外侧,且设备壳体(8)侧壁上设有与筛板(5)相适配的碎壳出口,所述筛板(5)下方的设备壳体(8)内部设有传送带(1),所述传送带(1)的一端延伸至碎壳出口同一竖直平面内,所述传送带(1)的另一端延伸至设备壳体(8)外侧,且设备壳体(8)侧壁上设有与传送带(1)相适配的粉渣出口。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备,其特征在于:所述筛板(5)铰接布置于设备壳体(8)的内部,所述设备壳体(8)内部的一端设有用于固定筛板(5)使用的铰接座(29),设备壳体(8)内部另一端的两侧皆设有用于带动筛板(5)翻转使用的气缸(28),且筛板(5)与气缸(28)和铰接座(29)之间皆设有缓冲弹簧。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备,其特征在于:所述筛板(5)顶端的边缘位置处设有防护框(27),所述防护框(27)靠近碎壳出口的一端呈开口状,且防护框(27)上安装有振动电机(26)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备,其特 征在于:所述设备壳体(8)的顶部竖直向下安装有若干个用于带动挤压板(25)升降使用的电动伸缩杆(11),所述电动伸缩杆(11)的输出端与挤压板(25)相连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备,其特征在于:所述破碎腔(3)上方的设备壳体(8)顶部一侧皆设有进料口(12),所述进料口(12)一侧的设备壳体(8)顶部设有进料斗(13),且进料斗(13)的底部连接有延伸至进料口(12)内部的导管(10)。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备,其特征在于:所述电机一(20)的输出端连接有驱动轴(21),所述驱动轴(21)与破碎辊(23)之间设有用于传动使用的齿轮组(22),且相邻的两个齿轮组(22)输出端转动方向相反。
PCT/CN2022/106007 2022-05-27 2022-07-15 一种废旧电池的有序差异化回收处理设备 WO2023226178A1 (zh)

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DE112022000823.7T DE112022000823T5 (de) 2022-05-27 2022-07-15 Vorrichtung zum ordnungsgemäss getrennten recycling und zur verarbeitung von altbatterien
US18/558,301 US20240332556A1 (en) 2022-05-27 2022-07-15 Orderly differentiated recycling and processing apparatus for waste batteries
HU2300340A HUP2300340A1 (hu) 2022-07-15 2022-07-15 Rendezetten osztályozó újrahasznosítható és feldolgozó berendezés hulladék akkumulátorokhoz

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